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Yuan M, Wang Y, Huang Z, Jing F, Qiao P, Zou Q, Li J, Cai Z. Impaired autophagy in amyloid-beta pathology: A traditional review of recent Alzheimer's research. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:30-46. [PMID: 36642915 PMCID: PMC9898044 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The major pathological changes in AD progression are the generation and accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides as well as the presence of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the brain. Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that eliminates abnormal protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Previous studies have suggested that autophagy plays a key role in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides to maintain a steady-state of Aβ peptides levels. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that autophagy is significantly impaired in the pathogenesis of AD, especially in Aβ metabolism. Therefore, this article reviews the latest studies concerning the mechanisms of autophagy, the metabolism of Aβ peptides, and the defective autophagy in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides. Here, we also summarize the established and new strategies for targeting autophagy in vivo and through clinical AD trials to identify gaps in our knowledge and to generate further questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yuan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhenting Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Feng Jing
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Peifeng Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Zhiyou Cai, Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing 401147, China. Tel/Fax: +86-23-63515796/+86-23-63515796, E-mail:
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Pirzada RH, Ahmad B, Qayyum N, Choi S. Modeling structure-activity relationships with machine learning to identify GSK3-targeted small molecules as potential COVID-19 therapeutics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1084327. [PMID: 36950681 PMCID: PMC10025526 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1084327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses induce severe upper respiratory tract infections, which can spread to the lungs. The nucleocapsid protein (N protein) plays an important role in genome replication, transcription, and virion assembly in SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, and in other coronaviruses. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) activation phosphorylates the viral N protein. To combat COVID-19 and future coronavirus outbreaks, interference with the dependence of N protein on GSK3 may be a viable strategy. Toward this end, this study aimed to construct robust machine learning models to identify GSK3 inhibitors from Food and Drug Administration-approved and investigational drug libraries using the quantitative structure-activity relationship approach. A non-redundant dataset consisting of 495 and 3070 compounds for GSK3α and GSK3β, respectively, was acquired from the ChEMBL database. Twelve sets of molecular descriptors were used to define these inhibitors, and machine learning algorithms were selected using the LazyPredict package. Histogram-based gradient boosting and light gradient boosting machine algorithms were used to develop predictive models that were evaluated based on the root mean square error and R-squared value. Finally, the top two drugs (selinexor and ruboxistaurin) were selected for molecular dynamics simulation based on the highest predicted activity (negative log of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration, pIC50 value) to further investigate the structural stability of the protein-ligand complexes. This artificial intelligence-based virtual high-throughput screening approach is an effective strategy for accelerating drug discovery and finding novel pharmacological targets while reducing the cost and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameez Hassan Pirzada
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Naila Qayyum
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Sangdun Choi,
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Kao CH, Su TY, Huang WS, Lu XY, Jane WN, Huang CY, Huang HH, Wang WJ. TFEB- and TFE3-dependent autophagy activation supports cancer proliferation in the absence of centrosomes. Autophagy 2022; 18:2830-2850. [PMID: 35316161 PMCID: PMC9673955 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2051880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosome amplification is a phenomenon frequently observed in human cancers, so centrosome depletion has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy. However, despite being afflicted with a lack of centrosomes, many cancer cells can still proliferate, implying there are impediments to adopting centrosome depletion as a treatment strategy. Here, we show that TFEB- and TFE3-dependent autophagy activation contributes to acentrosomal cancer proliferation. Our biochemical analyses uncover that both TFEB and TFE3 are novel PLK4 (polo like kinase 4) substrates. Centrosome depletion inactivates PLK4, resulting in TFEB and TFE3 dephosphorylation and subsequent promotion of TFEB and TFE3 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of autophagy- and lysosome-related genes. A combination of centrosome depletion and inhibition of the TFEB-TFE3 autophagy-lysosome pathway induced strongly anti-proliferative effects in cancer cells. Thus, our findings point to a new strategy for combating cancer.Abbreviations: AdCre: adenoviral Cre recombinase; AdLuc: adenoviral luciferase; ATG5: autophagy related 5; CQ: chloroquine; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DKO: double knockout; GFP: green fluorescent protein; KO: knockout; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; LTR: LysoTracker Red; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MITF: melanocyte inducing transcription factor; PLK4: polo like kinase 4; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SASS6: SAS-6 centriolar assembly protein; STIL: STIL centriolar assembly protein; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TFEBΔNLS: TFEB lacking a nuclear localization signal; TFE3: transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3; TP53/p53: tumor protein p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Su
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei-Syun Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Xin-Ying Lu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wann-Neng Jane
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yung Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hung-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
- CONTACT Won-Jing Wang Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, TaipeiTaiwan
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Xue W, Li Y. Enhanced lysosome biogenesis ameliorates neurodegenerative diseases. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8582-8584. [PMID: 36375475 PMCID: PMC9699759 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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55
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Chen C, Liu JW, Guo LL, Xiong F, Ran XQ, Guo YR, Yao YG, Hao XJ, Luo RC, Zhang Y. Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid dimers from Kopsia arborea inhibit cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and tau phosphorylation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113392. [PMID: 36030903 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed monoterpenoid indole alkaloid dimers (kopoffines A-C, which are connected via a methylene unit) and with nine known alkaloids were isolated and identified from the fruits of Kopsia arborea Blume. Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were established by HRESIMS, NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD analyses. Kopoffines A-C showed significant inhibition against cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (IC50: 0.34-2.18 μM). Western blotting analyses showed that kopoffines A-C significantly decreased the protein levels of CDK5 and phospho-CDK5 (Tyr15) (pCDK5) at concentrations of 2.5 and 10 μM. The levels of phospho-Tau (Thr217) (pTau217, a new biomarker of AD), and phospho-Tau (Ser396) (pTau396), which play major roles in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles , were decreased by the kopoffines A-C treatment. Molecular docking studies indicated that kopoffines A-C could form stable interactions with CDK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian-Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling-Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Ran
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya-Rong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Rong-Can Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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56
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TFEB acetylation promotes lysosome biogenesis and ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-relevant phenotypes in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102649. [PMID: 36441024 PMCID: PMC9694136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are one of the major centers for regulating cargo degradation and protein quality control. Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-promoted lysosome biogenesis enhances lysosome-mediated degradation and alleviates neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms underlying TFEB modification and activation are still poorly understood. Here, we report essential roles of TFEB acetylation in TFEB nuclear translocation and lysosome biogenesis, which are independent of TFEB dephosphorylation. By screening small molecules, we find that Trichostatin A (TSA), the pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), promotes nuclear translocation of TFEB. TSA enhances the staining of cells by LysoTracker Red and increases the expression of lysosomal and autophagic genes. We identify four novel acetylated lysine residues in TFEB, which are important for TFEB nuclear translocation and lysosome biogenesis. We show that TFEB acetylation is regulated by HDACs (HDAC5, HDAC6, and HDAC9) and lysine acetyltransferases (KATs), including ELP3, CREBBP, and HAT1. During TSA-induced cytosol-to-nucleus translocation of TFEB, acetylation is independent of TFEB dephosphorylation, since the mTORC1- or GSK3β-related phosphorylation sites on TFEB are still phosphorylated. Administration of TSA to APP/PS1 mice increases the expression of lysosomal and autophagic genes in mouse brains and also improves memory. Accordingly, the β-amyloid plaque burden is decreased. These results show that the acetylation of TFEB, as a novel mechanism of TFEB activation, promotes lysosome biogenesis and alleviates the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Our results also suggest that HDAC inhibition can promote lysosome biogenesis, and this may be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and disorders related to HDAC hyperactivation.
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57
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Ding X, Yang X, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Fei J, Niu Z, Dong X, Wang X, Liu B, Li H, Hao X, Zhao Y. Identification of active natural products that induce lysosomal biogenesis by lysosome-based screening and biological evaluation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11179. [PMID: 36325146 PMCID: PMC9618995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal biogenesis is an essential adaptive process by which lysosomes exert their function in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Defects in lysosomal enzymes and functions lead to lysosome-related diseases, including lysosomal storage diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, activation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, especially induction of lysosomal biogenesis, might be an effective strategy for the treatment of lysosome-related diseases. In this study, we established a lysosome-based screening system to identify active compounds from natural products that could promote lysosomal biogenesis. The subcellular localizations of master transcriptional regulators of lysosomal genes, TFEB, TFE3 and ZKSCAN3 were examined to reveal the potential mechanisms. More than 200 compounds were screened, and we found that Hdj-23, a triterpene isolated from Walsura cochinchinensis, induced lysosomal biogenesis via activation of TFEB/TFE3. In summary, this study introduced a lysosome-based live cell screening strategy to identify bioactive compounds that promote lysosomal biogenesis, which would provide potential candidate enhancers of lysosomal biogenesis and novel insight for treating lysosome-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China,Corresponding author.
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yueqin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yinyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jimin Fei
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Zhenpeng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xianxiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xuenan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Biao Liu
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China,Corresponding author.
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, PR China,Corresponding author.
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Jiao F, Zhou B, Meng L. The regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potential of transcription factor EB in neurodegenerative diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:37-59. [PMID: 36184826 PMCID: PMC9804079 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) is involved in the degradation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a major regulator of ALP, has emerged as a leading factor in addressing neurodegenerative disease pathology, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), PolyQ diseases, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this review, we delineate the regulation of TFEB expression and its functions in ALP. Dysfunctions of TFEB and its role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases are reviewed. We summarize the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of some TFEB-targeted agonists in neurodegenerative diseases. We also offer our perspective on analyzing the pros and cons of these agonists in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases from the perspective of drug development. More studies on the regulatory mechanisms of TFEB in other biological processes will aid our understanding of the application of TFEB-targeted therapy in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Jiao
- School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina
| | - Bojie Zhou
- School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina
| | - Lingyan Meng
- School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningChina
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Jeong E, Martina JA, Contreras PS, Lee J, Puertollano R. The FACT complex facilitates expression of lysosomal and antioxidant genes through binding to TFEB and TFE3. Autophagy 2022; 18:2333-2349. [PMID: 35230915 PMCID: PMC9542721 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2029671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TFEB (transcription factor EB) and TFE3 (transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3) orchestrate the cellular response to a variety of stressors, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress and pathogens. Here we describe a novel interaction of TFEB and TFE3 with the FAcilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex, a heterodimeric histone chaperone consisting of SSRP1 and SUPT16H that mediates nucleosome disassembly and assembly, thus facilitating transcription. Extracellular stimuli, such as nutrient deprivation or oxidative stress, induce nuclear translocation and activation of TFEB and TFE3, which then associate with the FACT complex to regulate stress-induced gene transcription. Depletion of FACT does not affect TFEB activation, stability, or binding to the promoter of target genes. In contrast, reduction of FACT levels by siRNA or treatment with the FACT inhibitor curaxin, severely impairs induction of numerous antioxidant and lysosomal genes, revealing a crucial role of FACT as a regulator of cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, upregulation of antioxidant genes induced by TFEB over-expression is significantly reduced by curaxin, consistent with a role of FACT as a TFEB transcriptional activator. Together, our data show that chromatin remodeling at the promoter of stress-responsive genes by FACT is important for efficient expression of TFEB and TFE3 targets, thus providing a link between environmental changes, chromatin modifications and transcriptional regulation.Abbreviations: ADNP2, ADNP homeobox 2; ATP6V0D1, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit d1; ATP6V1A, ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit A; ATP6V1C1, ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit C1; CSNK2/CK2, casein kinase 2; CLCN7, chloride voltage-gated channel 7; CTSD, cathepsin D; CTSZ, cathepsin Z; EBSS, earle's balanced salt solution; FACT complex, facilitates chromatin transcription complex; FOXO3, forkhead box O3; HEXA, hexosaminidase subunit alpha; HIF1A, hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; HMOX1, heme oxygenase 1; LAMP1, lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAFF, MAF bZIP transcription factor F; MAFG, MAF bZIP transcription factor G; MCOLN1, mucolipin TRP cation channel 1; MTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; NaAsO2, sodium arsenite; POLR2, RNA polymerase II; PPARGC1A, PPARG coactivator 1 alpha; PYROXD1, pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain 1; RRAGC, Ras related GTP binding C; SEC13, SEC13 homolog, nuclear pore and COPII coat complex component; SLC38A9, solute carrier family 38 member 9; SSRP1, structure specific recognition protein 1; SUPT16H, SPT16 homolog, facilitates chromatin remodeling subunit; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TFE3, transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3; TXNRD1, thioredoxin reductase 1; UVRAG, UV radiation resistance associated; WDR59, WD repeat domain 59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eutteum Jeong
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - José A. Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pablo S. Contreras
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juhyung Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,CONTACT Rosa Puertollano Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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60
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Chao X, Williams SN, Ding WX. Role of mechanistic target of rapamycin in autophagy and alcohol-associated liver disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1100-C1111. [PMID: 36062877 PMCID: PMC9550572 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00281.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine-threonine kinase and a cellular sensor for nutrient and energy status, which is critical in regulating cell metabolism and growth by governing the anabolic (protein and lipid synthesis) and catabolic process (autophagy). Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major chronic liver disease worldwide that carries a huge financial burden. The spectrum of the pathogenesis of ALD includes steatosis, fibrosis, inflammation, ductular reaction, and eventual hepatocellular carcinoma, which is closely associated with metabolic changes that are regulated by mTOR. In this review, we summarized recent progress of alcohol consumption on the changes of mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity, the potential mechanisms and possible impact of the mTORC1 changes on autophagy in ALD. We also discussed the potential beneficial effects and limitations of targeting mTORC1 against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sha Neisha Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Ren J, Wei H, Sun J, Feng X, Zhang Y, Yuan H, Miao J, Qi X, Qiao Y, Xiao B, Li Q. GSK3β-dependent lysosome biogenesis: An effective pathway to mitigate renal fibrosis with LM49. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925489. [PMID: 36225562 PMCID: PMC9550195 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is an incurable disorder characterised by an imbalance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) favouring excess production over degradation. The identification of actionable pathways and agents that promote ECM degradation to restore ECM homeostasis may help mitigate renal fibrosis. In this study, we identified 5,2′-dibromo-2,4′,5′-trihydroxydiphenylmethanone (LM49), a compound we previously synthesised, as a small-molecule inducer of ECM degradation. LM49 administration efficiently reduced ECM deposition in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats and in transforming growth factor β-treated renal fibroblast cells. LM49 promoted the cytosol-to-nucleus translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) to increase lysosome biogenesis, leading to lysosome-based degradation of the ECM. TFEB-mediated lysosome biogenesis was induced by LM49 directly inhibiting the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) rather than mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. LM49 inhibited GSK3β kinase activity concentration-dependently via competing with ATP. Direct binding between LM49 and GSK3β was confirmed by the bio-layer interferometry assay, cellular thermal shift assay, and drug affinity responsive target stability. A molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation revealed that LM49 occupied the ATP pocket of GSK3β, which was consistent with the kinase activity assay. In summary, LM49 enhances TFEB-mediated lysosome biogenesis by directly inhibiting GSK3β, leading to the degradation of the ECM by lysosomes. The enhancement of GSK3β-dependent lysosome biogenesis to rebalance the ECM may be a novel strategy to counteract renal fibrosis, and LM49 may be a viable clinical candidate for treating this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huizhi Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiue Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongxia Yuan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junqiu Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoming Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuanbiao Qiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baoguo Xiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingshan Li,
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Yin L, Zhou J, Li T, Wang X, Xue W, Zhang J, Lin L, Wang N, Kang X, Zhou Y, Liu H, Li Y. Inhibition of the dopamine transporter promotes lysosome biogenesis and ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms in mice. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 19:1343-1357. [PMID: 36130073 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysosomes are degradative organelles that maintain cellular homeostasis and protein quality control. Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated lysosome biogenesis enhances lysosome-dependent degradation and alleviates neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms underlying TFEB regulation and modification are still poorly understood. METHODS By screening novel small-molecule compounds, we identified a group of lysosome-enhancing compounds (LYECs) that promote TFEB activation and lysosome biogenesis. RESULTS One of these compounds, LH2-051, significantly inhibited the function of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and subsequently promoted lysosome biogenesis. We uncovered cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) as a novel regulator of DAT-mediated lysosome biogenesis and identified six novel CDK9-phosphorylated sites on TFEB. We observed that signal transduction by the DAT-CDK9-TFEB axis occurs on lysosomes. Finally, we found that LH2-051 enhanced the degradation of amyloid beta plaques and improved the memory of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/Presenilin 1 (PS1) mice. DISCUSSION We identified the DAT-CDK9-TFEB signaling axis as a novel regulator of lysosome biogenesis. Our study sheds light on the mechanisms of protein quality control under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyou Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxi Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lu W, Tang S, Li A, Huang Q, Dou M, Zhang Y, Hu X, Chang RCC, Wong GTC, Huang C. The role of PKC/PKR in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:973068. [PMID: 36172481 PMCID: PMC9510619 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.973068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) is reportedly higher in older patients. Mitochondrial and synaptic dysfunctions have consistently been demonstrated in models of aging and neurodegenerative diseases; nonetheless, their role in PND is not well understood. Methods The Morris water maze and elevated plus maze tests were used to assess the learning and memory abilities of both C57BL/6 and 3×Tg-AD mice of different ages (8 and 18 months). PND was induced by laparotomy in C57BL/6 mice and 3×Tg-AD mice (8 months old). Markers associated with neuroinflammation, mitochondrial function, synaptic function, and autophagy were assessed postoperatively. The roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) were further demonstrated by using PKC-sensitive inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide X (BIMX) or PKR−/− mice. Results Significant cognitive impairment was accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy inactivation in both aged C57BL/6 and 3×Tg-AD mice. Laparotomy induced a significant neuroinflammatory response and synaptic protein loss in the hippocampus. Cognitive and neuropathological changes induced by aging or laparotomy were further exacerbated in 3×Tg-AD mice. Deficits in postoperative cognition, hippocampal mitochondria, autophagy, and synapse were significantly attenuated after pharmacological inhibition of PKC or genetic deletion of PKR. Conclusions Our findings suggest similar pathogenic features in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and PND, including altered mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy dysregulation. In addition, laparotomy may exacerbate cognitive deficits associated with distinct neuronal inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal loss independent of genetic background. The dysregulation of PKC/PKR activity may participate in the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affilliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sailan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affilliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ao Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiuyue Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengyun Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gordon Tin Chun Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Gordon Tin Chun Wong
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Chunxia Huang
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Gu Z, Cao H, Zuo C, Huang Y, Miao J, Song Y, Yang Y, Zhu L, Wang F. TFEB in Alzheimer's disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic implications. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105855. [PMID: 36031168 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder, is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide. The primary pathological hallmarks of AD are the deposition of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Autophagy, a pathway of clearing damaged organelles, macromolecular aggregates, and long-lived proteins via lysosomal degradation, has emerged as critical for proteostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). Studies have demonstrated that defective autophagy is strongly implicated in AD pathogenesis. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master transcriptional regulator of autophagy, enhances the expression of related genes that control autophagosome formation, lysosome function, and autophagic flux. The study of TFEB has greatly increased over the last decade, and the dysfunction of TFEB has been reported to be strongly associated with the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders, including AD. Here, we delineate the basic understanding of TFEB dysregulation involved in AD pathogenesis, highlighting the existing work that has been conducted on TFEB-mediated autophagy in neurons and other nonneuronal cells in the CNS. Additionally, we summarize the small molecule compounds that target TFEB-regulated autophagy involved in AD therapy. Our review may yield new insights into therapeutic approaches by targeting TFEB and provide a broadly applicable basis for the clinical treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liudi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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Tan A, Prasad R, Lee C, Jho EH. Past, present, and future perspectives of transcription factor EB (TFEB): mechanisms of regulation and association with disease. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1433-1449. [PMID: 35739255 PMCID: PMC9345944 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a member of the MiT/TFE family of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors, is an established central regulator of the autophagy/lysosomal-to-nucleus signaling pathway. Originally described as an oncogene, TFEB is now widely known as a regulator of various processes, such as energy homeostasis, stress response, metabolism, and autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis because of its extensive involvement in various signaling pathways, such as mTORC1, Wnt, calcium, and AKT signaling pathways. TFEB is also implicated in various human diseases, such as lysosomal storage disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we present an overview of the major advances in TFEB research over the past 30 years, since its description in 1990. This review also discusses the recently discovered regulatory mechanisms of TFEB and their implications for human diseases. We also summarize the moonlighting functions of TFEB and discuss future research directions and unanswered questions in the field. Overall, this review provides insight into our understanding of TFEB as a major molecular player in human health, which will take us one step closer to promoting TFEB from basic research into clinical and regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Tan
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Renuka Prasad
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerin Lee
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Eek-Hoon Jho
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu J, Wu W, Togashi Y, Taira Nihira N, Johmura Y, Zhu D, Nakanishi M, Miyoshi Y, Ohta T. Alteration of Trop-2 expression in breast cancer cells by clinically used therapeutic agents and acquired tamoxifen resistance. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:1076-1087. [PMID: 35882754 PMCID: PMC9587948 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Sacituzumab govitecan is an antibody–drug conjugate that delivers SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, to the target molecule, trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2). It is a promising drug for triple-negative breast cancer and is anticipated to be effective for luminal breast cancer. The efficacy of the agent relies on the expression of Trop-2 rather than its intracellular function. However, conditions that alter the Trop-2 expression have not been well investigated. Methods We tested a range of clinically related treatments for their effect on Trop-2 expression in cultured breast cancer cell lines. Results The expression level of Trop-2 differed among cell lines, independent of their subtypes, and was highly variable on treatment with kinase inhibitors, tamoxifen, irradiation, and chemotherapeutic agents including irinotecan. While inhibitors of AKT, RSK, and p38 MAPK suppressed the Trop-2 expression, tamoxifen treatment significantly increased Trop-2 expression in luminal cancer cell lines. Notably, luminal cancer cells with acquired resistance to tamoxifen also exhibited higher levels of Trop-2. We identified transcription factor EB (TFEB) as a possible mechanism underlying tamoxifen-induced elevation of Trop-2 expression. Tamoxifen triggers dephosphorylation of TFEB, an active form of TFEB, and the effect of tamoxifen on Trop-2 was prevented by depletion of TFEB. A luciferase reporter assay showed that Trop-2 induction by TFEB was dependent on a tandem E-box motif within the Trop-2 promoter region. Conclusions Overall, these results suggest that the effectiveness of sacituzumab govitecan could be altered by concomitant treatment and that tamoxifen could be a favorable agent for combined therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12282-022-01389-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yukiko Togashi
- Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Naoe Taira Nihira
- Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Johmura
- Department of Cancer and Senescence Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dajiang Zhu
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Miyoshi
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ohta
- Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan.
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Lang M, Pramstaller PP, Pichler I. Crosstalk of organelles in Parkinson's disease - MiT family transcription factors as central players in signaling pathways connecting mitochondria and lysosomes. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:50. [PMID: 35842725 PMCID: PMC9288732 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Living organisms constantly need to adapt to their surrounding environment and have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to deal with stress. Mitochondria and lysosomes are central organelles in the response to energy and nutrient availability within a cell and act through interconnected mechanisms. However, when such processes become overwhelmed, it can lead to pathologies. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder (NDD) characterized by proteinaceous intracellular inclusions and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, which causes motor and non-motor symptoms. Genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the disease etiology. Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been recognized as a hallmark of PD pathogenesis, and several aspects of mitochondrial biology are impaired in PD patients and models. In addition, defects of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway have extensively been observed in cell and animal models as well as PD patients' brains, where constitutive autophagy is indispensable for adaptation to stress and energy deficiency. Genetic and molecular studies have shown that the functions of mitochondria and lysosomal compartments are tightly linked and influence each other. Connections between these organelles are constituted among others by mitophagy, organellar dynamics and cellular signaling cascades, such as calcium (Ca2+) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling and the activation of transcription factors. Members of the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family (MiT), including MITF, TFE3 and TFEB, play a central role in regulating cellular homeostasis in response to metabolic pressure and are considered master regulators of lysosomal biogenesis. As such, they are part of the interconnection between mitochondria and lysosome functions and therefore represent attractive targets for therapeutic approaches against NDD, including PD. The activation of MiT transcription factors through genetic and pharmacological approaches have shown encouraging results at ameliorating PD-related phenotypes in in vitro and in vivo models. In this review, we summarize the relationship between mitochondrial and autophagy-lysosomal functions in the context of PD etiology and focus on the role of the MiT pathway and its potential as pharmacological target against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lang
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
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Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. Transcription factor EB controls both motogenic and mitogenic cell activities. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1973-1980. [PMID: 35781277 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) belongs to the microphthalmia family of bHLH-leucine zipper transcription factors and was first identified as an oncogene in a subset of renal cell carcinomas. In addition to exhibiting oncogenic activity, TFEB coordinates genetic programs connected with the cellular response to stress conditions, including roles in lysosome biogenesis, autophagy, modulation of metabolism. As is the case for other transcription factors, the activities of TFEB are not limited to a specific cellular condition such as the response to stress and recent findings indicate that TFEB has more widespread functions. Here, we review the emerging roles of TFEB in regulating cellular proliferation and motility. The well-established and emerging roles of TFEB suggest that this protein serves as a hub of signalling networks involved in many non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, ischaemic diseases and immune disorders, drug resistance mechanisms, and tissue generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Astanina
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino (IT).,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo (Torino) (IT)
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino (IT).,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo (Torino) (IT)
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino (IT).,Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo (Torino) (IT)
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Guerrero-Navarro L, Jansen-Dürr P, Cavinato M. Age-Related Lysosomal Dysfunctions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121977. [PMID: 35741106 PMCID: PMC9221958 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal aging is normally accompanied by an increase in the number of senescent cells, growth-arrested metabolic active cells that affect normal tissue function. These cells present a series of characteristics that have been studied over the last few decades. The damage in cellular organelles disbalances the cellular homeostatic processes, altering the behavior of these cells. Lysosomal dysfunction is emerging as an important factor that could regulate the production of inflammatory molecules, metabolic cellular state, or mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Guerrero-Navarro
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.G.-N.); (P.J.-D.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Innrain 58, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.G.-N.); (P.J.-D.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Innrain 58, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Cavinato
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.G.-N.); (P.J.-D.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Innrain 58, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence:
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70
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Wang Z, Chen D, Guan D, Liang X, Xue J, Zhao H, Song G, Lou J, He Y, Zhang H. Material properties of phase-separated TFEB condensates regulate the autophagy-lysosome pathway. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213069. [PMID: 35293953 PMCID: PMC8931539 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about how the material properties of protein condensates assembled via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) are maintained and affect physiological functions. Here we show that liquid-like condensates of the transcription factor TFEB exhibit low fusion propensity in vitro and in living cells. We directly measured the attraction force between droplets, and we characterized the interfacial tension, viscosity, and elasticity of TFEB condensates. TFEB condensates contain rigid interfacial boundaries that govern their interaction behaviors. Several small molecules, including Ro-3306, modify the material properties of TFEB condensates, increasing their size and fusion propensity. These compounds promote lysosomal biogenesis and function in a TFEB-dependent manner without changing its cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation. Ro-3306 promotes autophagy activity, facilitating degradation of toxic protein aggregates. Our study helps explain how protein condensates are maintained as physically separate entities and reveals that the material properties of TFEB condensates can be harnessed to modulate TFEB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongshi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangtao Song
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhong Lou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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71
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Rahman MA, Rahman MDH, Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM, Hwang H, Chung S, Kim B, Rhim H. Autophagy Modulation in Aggresome Formation: Emerging Implications and Treatments of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1027. [PMID: 35625764 PMCID: PMC9138936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevailing neurodegenerative diseases in the world, which is characterized by memory dysfunction and the formation of tau and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates in multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus and cortex. The formation of senile plaques involving tau hyperphosphorylation, fibrillar Aβ, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is used as a pathological marker of AD and eventually produces aggregation or misfolded protein. Importantly, it has been found that the failure to degrade these aggregate-prone proteins leads to pathological consequences, such as synaptic impairment, cytotoxicity, neuronal atrophy, and memory deficits associated with AD. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that the autophagy pathway plays a role as a central cellular protection system to prevent the toxicity induced by aggregation or misfolded proteins. Moreover, it has also been revealed that AD-related protein aggresomes could be selectively degraded by autophagosome and lysosomal fusion through the autophagy pathway, which is known as aggrephagy. Therefore, the regulation of autophagy serve as a useful approach to modulate the formation of aggresomes associated with AD. This review focuses on the recent improvements in the application of natural compounds and small molecules as a potential therapeutic approach for AD prevention and treatment via aggrephagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - M D Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - A N M Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center and Glycation Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hongik Hwang
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
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72
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Chaib M, Sipe LM, Yarbro JR, Bohm MS, Counts BR, Tanveer U, Pingili AK, Daria D, Marion TN, Carson JA, Thomas PG, Makowski L. PKC agonism restricts innate immune suppression, promotes antigen cross-presentation and synergizes with agonistic CD40 antibody therapy to activate CD8 + T cells in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 531:98-108. [PMID: 35074498 PMCID: PMC9867936 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an immature innate cell population that expands in pathological conditions such as cancer and suppresses T cells via production of immunosuppressive factors. Conversely, efficient cytotoxic T cell priming is dependent on the ability of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to cross-present tumor antigens to CD8+ T cells, a process that requires a specific subtype of dendritic cells (DCs) called conventional DC1 (cDC1) which are often dysfunctional in cancer. One way to activate cDC1 is ligation of CD40 which is abundantly expressed by myeloid cells and its agonism leads to myeloid cell activation. Thus, targeting MDSCs while simultaneously expanding cross-presenting DCs represents a promising strategy that, when combined with agonistic CD40, may result in long-lasting protective immunity. In this study, we investigated the effect of PKC agonists PEP005 and prostratin on MDSC expansion, differentiation, and recruitment to the tumor microenvironment. Our findings demonstrate that PKC agonists decreased MDSC expansion from hematopoietic progenitors and induced M-MDSC differentiation to an APC-like phenotype that expresses cDC1-related markers via activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Simultaneously, PKC agonists favored cDC1 expansion at the expense of cDC2 and plasmacytoid DCs (pDC). Functionally, PKC agonists blunted MDSC suppressive activity and enhanced MDSC cross-priming capacity both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, combination of PKC agonism with agonistic CD40 mAb resulted in a marked reduction in tumor growth with a significant increase in intratumoral activated CD8+ T cells and tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells in a syngeneic breast cancer mouse model. In sum, this work proposes a novel promising strategy to simultaneously target MDSCs and promote APC function that may have highly impactful clinical relevance in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Chaib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Laura M. Sipe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Johnathan R. Yarbro
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Margaret S. Bohm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Brittany R. Counts
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, UTHSC Memphis, USA
| | - Ubaid Tanveer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Ajeeth K. Pingili
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Deidre Daria
- Office of Vice Chancellor for Research, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Tony N. Marion
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,Office of Vice Chancellor for Research, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - James A. Carson
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, UTHSC Memphis, USA,UTHSC Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA,UTHSC Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,UTHSC Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,Corresponding author. Cancer Research Building Room 322, UTHSC Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 19 South Manassas, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. (L. Makowski)
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73
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Umachandran S, Mohamed W, Jayaraman M, Hyde G, Brazill D, Baskar R. A PKC that controls polyphosphate levels, pinocytosis and exocytosis, regulates stationary phase onset in Dictyostelium. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274945. [PMID: 35362518 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cells can pause their growth cycle, a topic much enriched by studies of the stationary phase (SP) of model microorganisms. While several kinases are implicated in SP onset, a possible role for protein kinase C remains unknown. We show that Dictyostelium discoideum cells lacking pkcA entered SP at a reduced cell density, but only in shaking conditions. Precocious SP entry occurs because extracellular polyphosphate (polyP) levels reach a threshold at the lower cell density; adding exopolyphosphatase to pkcA- cells reverses the effect and mimics wild type growth. PkcA's regulation of polyP depended on inositol hexakisphosphate kinase and phospholipase D. PkcA- mutants also had higher actin levels, higher rates of exocytosis and lower pinocytosis rates. Postlysosomes were smaller and present in fewer pkcA- cells, compared to the wildtype. Overall, the results suggest that a reduced PkcA level triggers SP primarily because cells do not acquire or retain nutrients as efficiently, thus mimicking, or amplifying, the conditions of actual starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Umachandran
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Wasima Mohamed
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Meenakshi Jayaraman
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Geoff Hyde
- Independent Researcher, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Derrick Brazill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ramamurthy Baskar
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai-600036, India
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74
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Structurally diverse diterpenoids from Isodon oresbius and their bioactivity. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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75
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MAP kinase-dependent autophagy controls phorbol myristate acetate-induced macrophage differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells. Life Sci 2022; 297:120481. [PMID: 35304128 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms and the role of autophagy in the differentiation of HL-60 human acute myeloid leukemia cells induced by protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). PMA-triggered differentiation of HL-60 cells into macrophage-like cells was confirmed by cell-cycle arrest accompanied by elevated expression of macrophage markers CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD45, EGR1, CSF1R, and IL-8. The induction of autophagy was demonstrated by the increase in intracellular acidification, accumulation/punctuation of autophagosome marker LC3-II, and the increase in autophagic flux. PMA also increased nuclear translocation of autophagy transcription factors TFEB, FOXO1, and FOXO3, as well as the expression of several autophagy-related (ATG) genes in HL-60 cells. PMA failed to activate autophagy inducer AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibit autophagy suppressor mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). On the other hand, it readily stimulated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) via a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ERK or JNK suppressed PMA-triggered nuclear translocation of TFEB and FOXO1/3, ATG expression, dissociation of pro-autophagic beclin-1 from its inhibitor BCL2, autophagy induction, and differentiation of HL-60 cells into macrophage-like cells. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of autophagy also blocked PMA-induced macrophage differentiation of HL-60 cells. Therefore, MAP kinases ERK and JNK control PMA-induced macrophage differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells through AMPK/mTORC1-independent, TFEB/FOXO-mediated transcriptional and beclin-1-dependent post-translational activation of autophagy.
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76
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Wu X, Ren Y, Wen Y, Lu S, Li H, Yu H, Li W, Zou F. Deacetylation of ZKSCAN3 by SIRT1 induces autophagy and protects SN4741 cells against MPP +-induced oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:82-97. [PMID: 35124181 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and misfolded protein aggregation are related to autophagy-lysosomal dysregulation and contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson' s disease (PD). ZKSCAN3, a transcriptional repressor, plays a crucial role in autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. However, the role and modification of ZKSCAN3 in the defection of ALP, along with the molecular mechanism involved in pathogenesis of PD, still remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by MPP+ exposure and the resulting oxidative damage were counteracted by SIRT1-ZKSCAN3 pathway induction. Here we showed that nuclear ZKSCAN3 significantly increased in ventral midbrain of MPTP-treated mice and MPP+-treated SN4741 cells. Knockdown of ZKSCAN3 alleviated MPP+-induced ALP defect, Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) declination and neuronal death. NAC, a ROS scavenger, reduced the nuclear translocation of ZKSCAN3 and sequentially improved ALP function in MPP+-treated SN4741 cells. SRT2104, a SIRT1 activator, attenuated impairment of ALP in MPP+-treated SN47417 cells through decreasing nuclear accumulation of ZKSCAN3 and protected dopaminergic neurons from MPTP injury. Moreover, SRT2104 relieved impairment in locomotor activities and coordination skills upon treatment of MPTP in C57/BL6J mice through behavior tests including rotarod, pole climbing and grid. Furthermore, ZKSCAN3 was a novel substrate of SIRT1 which was deacetylated at lysine 148 residues by SIRT1. This subsequently facilitated the shuttling of ZKSCAN3 to the cytoplasm. Therefore, our study identifies a novel acetylation-dependent regulatory mechanism of nuclear translocation of ZKSCAN3. It results in autophagy-lysosomal dysfunction and then leads to DA neuronal death in MPTP/MPP+ model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yixian Ren
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Evaluation and Monitoring Center of Occupational Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yue Wen
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Sixin Lu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Honglin Yu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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77
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Jia Y, Zhang L, Liu Z, Mao C, Ma Z, Li W, Yu F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhang W, Zheng J, Wang X, Xu Q, Zhang J, Feng W, Yun C, Liu C, Sun J, Fu Y, Cui Q, Kong W. Targeting macrophage TFEB-14-3-3 epsilon Interface by naringenin inhibits abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cell Discov 2022; 8:21. [PMID: 35228523 PMCID: PMC8885854 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a lethal cardiovascular disease, and there is no proven drug treatment for this condition. In this study, by using the Connectivity Map (CMap) approach, we explored naringenin, a naturally occurring citrus flavonoid, as a putative agent for inhibiting AAA. We then validated the prediction with two independent mouse models of AAA, calcium phosphate (CaPO4)-induced C57BL/6J mice and angiotensin II-infused ApoE−/− mice. Naringenin effectively blocked the formation of AAAs and the progression of established AAAs. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is the master regulator of lysosome biogenesis. Intriguingly, the protective role of naringenin on AAA was abolished by macrophage-specific TFEB depletion in mice. Unbiased interactomics, combined with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and cellular thermal shift assays (CETSAs), further revealed that naringenin is directly bound to 14-3-3 epsilon blocked the TFEB-14-3-3 epsilon interaction, and therefore promoted TFEB nuclear translocation and activation. On one hand, naringenin activated lysosome-dependent inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and repressed aneurysmal inflammation. On the other hand, naringenin induced TFEB-dependent transcriptional activation of GATA3, IRF4, and STAT6 and therefore promoted reparative M2 macrophage polarization. In summary, naturally derived naringenin or macrophage TFEB activation shows promising efficacy for the treatment of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, Kings College London BHF Centre, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Medicinal Chemistry & Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Yun
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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78
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Impairment of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in Alzheimer's diseases: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1019-1040. [PMID: 35530153 PMCID: PMC9069408 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates including amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT/tau) in neuronal cells are hallmarks of AD. So far, the exact underlying mechanisms for the aetiologies of AD have not been fully understood and the effective treatment for AD is limited. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process by which damaged cellular organelles and protein aggregates are degraded via lysosomes. Recently, there is accumulating evidence linking the impairment of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway with AD pathogenesis. Interestingly, the enhancement of autophagy to remove protein aggregates has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, we first summarize the recent genetic, pathological and experimental studies regarding the impairment of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway in AD. We then describe the interplay between the autophagy–lysosomal pathway and two pathological proteins, Aβ and MAPT/tau, in AD. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies and small molecules that target the autophagy–lysosomal pathway for AD treatment both in animal models and in clinical trials. Overall, this article highlights the pivotal functions of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway in AD pathogenesis and potential druggable targets in the autophagy–lysosomal pathway for AD treatment.
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79
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Malek M, Wawrzyniak AM, Ebner M, Puchkov D, Haucke V. Inositol triphosphate-triggered calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum induces lysosome biogenesis via TFEB/TFE3. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101740. [PMID: 35182526 PMCID: PMC8914386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes serve as dynamic regulators of cell and organismal physiology by integrating the degradation of macromolecules with receptor and nutrient signaling. Previous studies have established that activation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) and transcription factor E3 (TFE3) induces the expression of lysosomal genes and proteins in signaling-inactive starved cells, that is, under conditions when activity of the master regulator of nutrient-sensing signaling mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 is repressed. How lysosome biogenesis is triggered in signaling-active cells is incompletely understood. Here, we identify a role for calcium release from the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum in the control of lysosome biogenesis that is independent of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1. We show using functional imaging that calcium efflux from endoplasmic reticulum stores induced by inositol triphosphate accumulation upon depletion of inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase A, an inositol 5-phosphatase downregulated in cancer and defective in spinocerebellar ataxia, or receptor-mediated phospholipase C activation leads to the induction of lysosome biogenesis. This mechanism involves calcineurin and the nuclear translocation and elevated transcriptional activity of TFEB/TFE3. Our findings reveal a crucial function for inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase A–mediated triphosphate hydrolysis in the control of lysosome biogenesis via TFEB/TFE3, thereby contributing to our understanding how cells are able to maintain their lysosome content under conditions of active receptor and nutrient signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhannad Malek
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M Wawrzyniak
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Ebner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany; Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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80
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Fang Z, Li X, Wang S, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Jiang X, Ju L, Yu H, Shen T, Chen M, Song Y, Wang Z, Du X, Liu G. Overactivation of hepatic mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (mTORC1) is associated with low transcriptional activity of transcription factor EB and lysosomal dysfunction in dairy cows with clinical ketosis. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:4520-4533. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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81
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Martinez-Fabregas J, Tamargo-Azpilicueta J, Diaz-Moreno I. Lysosomes: Multifunctional compartments ruled by a complex regulatory network. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:758-774. [PMID: 35218162 PMCID: PMC8972048 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 50 years have passed since Nobel laureate Cristian de Duve described for the first time the presence of tiny subcellular compartments filled with hydrolytic enzymes: the lysosome. For a long time, lysosomes were deemed simple waste bags exerting a plethora of hydrolytic activities involved in the recycling of biopolymers, and lysosomal genes were considered to just be simple housekeeping genes, transcribed in a constitutive fashion. However, lysosomes are emerging as multifunctional signalling hubs involved in multiple aspects of cell biology, both under homeostatic and pathological conditions. Lysosomes are involved in the regulation of cell metabolism through the mTOR/TFEB axis. They are also key players in the regulation and onset of the immune response. Furthermore, it is becoming clear that lysosomal hydrolases can regulate several biological processes outside of the lysosome. They are also implicated in a complex communication network among subcellular compartments that involves intimate organelle‐to‐organelle contacts. Furthermore, lysosomal dysfunction is nowadays accepted as the causative event behind several human pathologies: low frequency inherited diseases, cancer, or neurodegenerative, metabolic, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Recent advances in our knowledge of the complex biology of lysosomes have established them as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of different pathologies. Although recent discoveries have started to highlight that lysosomes are controlled by a complex web of regulatory networks, which in some cases seem to be cell‐ and stimuli‐dependent, to harness the full potential of lysosomes as therapeutic targets, we need a deeper understanding of the little‐known signalling pathways regulating this subcellular compartment and its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martinez-Fabregas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquin Tamargo-Azpilicueta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Irene Diaz-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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82
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Nowosad A, Besson A. Lysosomes at the Crossroads of Cell Metabolism, Cell Cycle, and Stemness. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042290. [PMID: 35216401 PMCID: PMC8879101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Initially described as lytic bodies due to their degradative and recycling functions, lysosomes play a critical role in metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability. More recently, the contribution of lysosomal proteins to cell signaling has been established, and lysosomes have emerged as signaling hubs that regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation and cell fate. Deciphering these signaling pathways has revealed an extensive crosstalk between the lysosomal and cell cycle machineries that is only beginning to be understood. Recent studies also indicate that a number of lysosomal proteins are involved in the regulation of embryonic and adult stem cell fate and identity. In this review, we will focus on the role of the lysosome as a signaling platform with an emphasis on its function in integrating nutrient sensing with proliferation and cell cycle progression, as well as in stemness-related features, such as self-renewal and quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Nowosad
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
- Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Besson
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-561558486
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83
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Yu H, Gao X, Loor JJ, Jiang Q, Fang Z, Hao X, Shi Z, Fan M, Chen M, Li X, Liu G, Wang Z, Li X, Du X. Activation of Transcription Factor EB Is Associated With Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Dairy Cows With Subclinical Ketosis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:816064. [PMID: 35211541 PMCID: PMC8861084 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.816064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipid mobilization for adipose tissue caused by severe negative energy balance is the pathological basis for subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows. In non-ruminants, transcription factor EB (TFEB) was reported to play a role in the regulation of lipid catabolism, but its role in the control of lipolysis in the bovine is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether the enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity contributes to lipolysis of adipose tissue in SCK cows, and to explore the possibility of establishing a therapeutic strategy by using TFEB as a target to control lipolysis. Thirty cows with similar lactation number (median = 3, range = 2–4) and days in milk (median = 6 d, range = 3–9) were selected into a healthy control (n = 15) and SCK (n = 15) group, and used for subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and blood sampling. Adipocytes from healthy Holstein calves were used as a model for in vitro studies involving treatment with 10 μM isoproterenol (ISO) for 0, 1, 2 and 3 h, 250 nM of the TFEB activator Torin1 for 3 h, or used for transfection with TFEB small interfering RNA for 48 h followed by treatment with 10 μM ISO for 3 h. Compared with healthy cows, adipose tissue in SCK cows showed increased lipolysis accompanied by enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity. In vitro, ISO and Torin1 treatment increased lipolysis and enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity in calf adipocytes. However, knockdown of TFEB attenuated ISO-induced lipolysis in adipocytes. Overall, these findings indicated that enhanced transcriptional activity of TFEB may contribute to lipolysis of adipose tissue in dairy cows with SCK. The regulation of TFEB activity may be an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling overt lipolysis in ketotic cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinxing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Hao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Minghe Fan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Li
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
- Xiliang Du
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84
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Zhou X, Lie L, Liang Y, Xu H, Zhu B, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Li Q, Wang Q, Han Z, Huang Y, Liu H, Hu S, Zhou C, Wen Q, Ma L. GSK-3α/β Activity Negatively Regulates MMP-1/9 Expression to Suppress Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 12:752466. [PMID: 35095838 PMCID: PMC8789754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection is the deadliest infectious disease and a global health problem. Macrophages (Mφs) and neutrophils that can phagocytose Mtb represent the first line of immune response to infection. Glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β (GSK-3α/β) represents a regulatory switch in host immune responses. However, the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of how GSK-3α/β interacts with Mtb infection in Mφs remain undefined. Here, we demonstrated that Mtb infection downregulated GSK-3α/β activity and promoted matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-9 expressions in Mφs derived from acute monocytic human leukemia THP-1 cells (THP-1-Mφs). We confirmed the upregulation of MMP-9 expression in tissues of TB patients compared with patients of chronic inflammation (CI). In THP-1-Mφs and C57BL/6 mice, GSK-3α/β inhibitor SB216763 significantly increased MMP-1/9 production and facilitated Mtb load, while MMP inhibitors blocked MMP-1/9 expression and Mtb infection. Consistently, GSK-3α/β silencing significantly increased MMP-1/9 expression and Mtb infection, while overexpression of GSK-3α/β and constitutive activated GSK-3α/β mutants significantly reduced MMP-1/9 expression and Mtb infection in THP-1-Mφs. MMP-1/9 silencing reduced Mtb infection, while overexpression of MMP-1/9 promoted Mtb infection in THP-1-Mφs. We further found that GSK-3α/β inhibition increased Mtb infection and MMP-1/9 expression was blocked by ERK1/2 inhibitor. Additionally, we showed that protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) reduced GSK-3α/β activity and promoted MMP-1/9 production in Mtb-infected THP-1-Mφs. In conclusion, this study suggests that PKC-δ-mTOR axis suppresses GSK-3α/β activation with acceleration of MMP-1/9 expression through phospho-ERK1/2. These results reveal a novel immune escape mechanism of Mtb and a novel crosstalk between these critical signaling pathways in anti-TB immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linmiao Lie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Liang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianna Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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85
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Pan HY, Valapala M. Regulation of Autophagy by the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1709. [PMID: 35163631 PMCID: PMC8836041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a vital cellular mechanism that benefits cellular maintenance and survival during cell stress. It can eliminate damaged or long-lived organelles and improperly folded proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis, development, and differentiation. Impaired autophagy is associated with several diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Several signaling pathways are associated with the regulation of the autophagy pathway. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling pathway was reported to regulate the autophagy pathway. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms by which the GSK-3 signaling pathway regulates autophagy. Autophagy and lysosomal function are regulated by transcription factor EB (TFEB). GSK-3 was shown to be involved in the regulation of TFEB nuclear expression in an mTORC1-dependent manner. In addition to mTORC1, GSK-3β also regulates TFEB via the protein kinase C (PKC) and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A-3 (eIF4A3) signaling pathways. In addition to TFEB, we will also discuss the mechanisms by which the GSK-3 signaling pathway regulates autophagy by modulating other signaling molecules and autophagy inducers including, mTORC1, AKT and ULK1. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of the GSK-3 signaling pathway in the regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallika Valapala
- School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA;
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86
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Yang J, Zhang W, Zhang S, Iyaswamy A, Sun J, Wang J, Yang C. Novel Insight into Functions of Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. Aging Dis 2022; 14:652-669. [PMID: 37191408 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A key pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of aggregated and misfolded protein aggregates with limited effective therapeutic agents. TFEB (transcription factor EB), a key regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, plays a pivotal role in the degradation of protein aggregates and has thus been regarded as a promising therapeutic target for these NDs. Here, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanisms and function of TFEB regulation. We then discuss the roles of TFEB and autophagy-lysosome pathways in major neurodegenerative diseases including AD and PD. Finally, we illustrate small molecule TFEB activators with protective roles in NDs animal models, which show great potential for being further developed into novel anti-neurodegenerative agents. Overall, targeting TFEB for enhancing lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy may represent a promising opportunity for the discovery of disease-modifying therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders though more in-depth basic and clinical studies are required in the future.
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87
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GSK-3β inhibition elicits a neuroprotection by restoring lysosomal dysfunction in neurons via facilitation of TFEB nuclear translocation after ischemic stroke. Brain Res 2021; 1778:147768. [PMID: 34968440 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal dysfunction is an essential pathogenesis of autophagic neuronal injury after ischemic stroke. As a result of cerebral ischemia, transcription factor EB (TFEB) is greatly phosphorylated by prominently activated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). This increased TFEB phosphorylation decreases its nuclear translocation and subsequently leads to reduced lysosomal biosynthesis, which ultimately results in lysosomal dysfunction. The present study is to investigate whether the lysosomal dysfunction in neurons can be restored to alleviate post-stroke damage by GSK-3β inhibition. The GSK-3β activity was inhibited by pre-treatment with CHIR-99021 (CHIR) for 3 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery in rats. Besides, the lysosomal capacity was altered by pre-administration with Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1) and EN6, respectively. Twenty-four hours after MCAO/reperfusion, the penumbral tissues were obtained to detect the GSK-3β, cytoplasmic and nuclear TFEB, and proteins in autophagic/lysosomal pathway by western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. Meanwhile, the infarct volume, neurological deficits and neuron survival were assessed to evaluate the neurological outcomes elicited by GSK-3β inhibition. The results demonstrated that the neurological injury could be significantly mitigated by GSK-3β inhibition in MCAO+CHIR group, compared with that in MCAO group. Moreover, CHIR-facilitated TFEB nuclear translocation in neurons was coupled with reinforced lysosomal activities and attenuated autophagic substrates. However, GSK-3β inhibition-induced neuroprotection was greatly counteracted by Baf-A1-weakened lysosomal capacity. Conversely, EN6-reinforced lysosomal activities further ameliorated the autophagic/lysosomal signaling, and synergistically alleviated the neurological damage upon GSK-3β inhibition after MCAO/reperfusion. Our data suggests that GSK-3β inhibition-augmented neuroprotection against ischemic stroke is elicited by restoring the lysosomal dysfunction in neurons.
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88
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He X, Xie Y, Zheng Q, Zhang Z, Ma S, Li J, Li M, Huang Q. TFE3-Mediated Autophagy is Involved in Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:761773. [PMID: 34912803 PMCID: PMC8667775 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.761773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of autophagy has been strongly implicated in the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Transcription factor E3 (TFE3), an MiTF/TFE family transcription factor, has been identified as a master regulator of the genes that are associated with lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. However, whether TFE3 is involved in parkinsonian neurodegeneration remains to be determined. In this study, we found decreased TFE3 expression in the nuclei of the dopaminergic neurons of postmortem human PD brains. Next, we demonstrated that TFE3 knockdown led to autophagy dysfunction and neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in mice, implying that reduction of nuclear TFE3 may contribute to autophagy dysfunction-mediated cell death in PD. Further, we showed that enhancement of autophagy by TFE3 overexpression dramatically reversed autophagy downregulation and dopaminergic neurons loss in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that TFE3 plays an essential role in maintaining autophagy and the survival of dopaminergic neurons, suggesting TFE3 activation may serve as a promising strategy for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingtao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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89
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eIF4A3 regulates the TFEB-mediated transcriptional response via GSK3B to control autophagy. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3344-3356. [PMID: 34158631 PMCID: PMC8630043 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During autophagy, the coordinated actions of autophagosomes and lysosomes result in the controlled removal of damaged intracellular organelles and superfluous substrates. The evolutionary conservation of this process and its requirement for maintaining cellular homeostasis emphasizes the need to better dissect the pathways governing its molecular regulation. In our previously performed high-content screen, we assessed the effect of 1530 RNA-binding proteins on autophagy. Among the top regulators, we identified the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A-3 (eIF4A3). Here we show that depletion of eIF4A3 leads to a potent increase in autophagosome and lysosome biogenesis and an enhanced autophagic flux. This is mediated by the key autophagy transcription factor, TFEB, which becomes dephosphorylated and translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it elicits an integrated transcriptional response. We further identified an exon-skipping event in the transcript encoding for the direct TFEB kinase, GSK3B, which leads to a reduction in GSK3B expression and activity. Through analysis of TCGA data, we found a significant upregulation of eIF4A3 expression across several cancer types and confirmed the potential relevance of this newly identified signaling axis in human tumors. Hence, our data suggest a previously unrecognized role for eIF4A3 as a gatekeeper of autophagy through the control of TFEB activation, revealing a new mechanism for autophagy regulation.
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90
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Liu S, Zhang CS, Ran XQ, Tang XH, Guo YR, Yan Y, Yao YG, Hao XJ, Luo RC, Di YT. Perforalactones D and E, two new C-20 quassinoids with potential activity to induce lysosomal biogenesis from the twigs of Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9637-9640. [PMID: 34714900 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01927a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new quassinoids (1 and 2) were isolated from the twigs of Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr. Perforalactone E (2) possesses an uncommon hexacyclic 1α,12α:5α,13α-dicyclo-9βH-picrasane skeleton. Its structure was determined based on spectroscopic data and X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 and 2 could significantly induce lysosomal biogenesis through transcriptional activation of lysosomal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Cui-Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Ran
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Ya-Rong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Guizhou Chemical Drug Research and Development Engineering Technical Center, Guizhou Medicinal University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Rong-Can Luo
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China.
| | - Ying-Tong Di
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
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91
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Translation Inhibitors Activate Autophagy Master Regulators TFEB and TFE3. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112083. [PMID: 34769510 PMCID: PMC8584619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autophagy-lysosome pathway is a major protein degradation pathway stimulated by multiple cellular stresses, including nutrient or growth factor deprivation, hypoxia, misfolded proteins, damaged organelles, and intracellular pathogens. Recent studies have revealed that transcription factor EB (TFEB) and transcription factor E3 (TFE3) play a pivotal role in the biogenesis and functions of autophagosome and lysosome. Here we report that three translation inhibitors (cycloheximide, lactimidomycin, and rocaglamide A) can facilitate the nuclear translocation of TFEB/TFE3 via dephosphorylation and 14-3-3 dissociation. In addition, the inhibitor-mediated TFEB/TFE3 nuclear translocation significantly increases the transcriptional expression of their downstream genes involved in the biogenesis and function of autophagosome and lysosome. Furthermore, we demonstrated that translation inhibition increased autophagosome biogenesis but impaired the degradative autolysosome formation because of lysosomal dysfunction. These results highlight the previously unrecognized function of the translation inhibitors as activators of TFEB/TFE3, suggesting a novel biological role of translation inhibition in autophagy regulation.
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92
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Zhang X, Bai Y, Huang L, Liu S, Mo Y, Cheng W, Wang G, Cao Z, Chen X, Cui H, Qi L, Ma L, Liu M, Guan XY, Ma NF. CHD1L augments autophagy-mediated migration of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting ZKSCAN3. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:950. [PMID: 34654797 PMCID: PMC8520006 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important biological process in normal cells. However, how it affects tumor progression still remains poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrated that the oncogenic protein Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding-protein 1-like gene (CHD1L) might promote HCC cells migration and metastasis through autophagy. CHD1L could bind to the promotor region of Zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domain 3 (ZKSCAN3), a pivotal autophagy suppressor, and inhibit its transcription. We established inducible CHD1L conditional knockout cell line (CHD1L-iKO cell) and found that the deletion of CHD1L significantly increased ZKSCAN3 expression both at mRNA and protein level. Deletion of CHD1L impaired the autophagic flux and migration of HCC cells, while specifically inhibiting ZKSCAN3 blocked these effects. Further exploration demonstrated that the enhanced tumor cell migration and metastasis induced by CHD1L was mediated through ZKSCAN3-induced autophagic degradation of Paxillin. In summary, we have characterized a previously unknown function of CHD1L in regulating tumor migration via ZKSCAN3-mediated autophagy in HCC. Further inhibition of CHD1L and its downstream autophagy signaling might shed new light on cancer therapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Autophagy-Related Protein 5/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/ultrastructure
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- DNA Helicases/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/ultrastructure
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Paxillin/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinshan Bai
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Huang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxuan Mo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangliang Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Cao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiqing Cui
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Qi
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong ProvincialKey Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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93
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Kumar S, Sánchez-Álvarez M, Lolo FN, Trionfetti F, Strippoli R, Cordani M. Autophagy and the Lysosomal System in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102752. [PMID: 34685734 PMCID: PMC8534995 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and the lysosomal system, together referred to as the autophagolysosomal system, is a cellular quality control network which maintains cellular health and homeostasis by removing cellular waste including protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and invading pathogens. As such, the autophagolysosomal system has roles in a variety of pathophysiological disorders, including cancer, neurological disorders, immune- and inflammation-related diseases, and metabolic alterations, among others. The autophagolysosomal system is controlled by TFEB, a master transcriptional regulator driving the expression of multiple genes, including autophagoly sosomal components. Importantly, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and control are key aspects of the physiopathological roles of the autophagolysosomal system, and may hold a key for synergistic therapeutic interventions. In this study, we reviewed our current knowledge on the biology and physiopathology of the autophagolysosomal system, and its potential for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (F.-N.L.)
| | - Fidel-Nicolás Lolo
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (F.-N.L.)
| | - Flavia Trionfetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (F.-N.L.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.S.)
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94
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Mofatteh M, Echegaray-Iturra F, Alamban A, Dalla Ricca F, Bakshi A, Aydogan MG. Autonomous clocks that regulate organelle biogenesis, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular dynamics. eLife 2021; 10:e72104. [PMID: 34586070 PMCID: PMC8480978 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
How do cells perceive time? Do cells use temporal information to regulate the production/degradation of their enzymes, membranes, and organelles? Does controlling biological time influence cytoskeletal organization and cellular architecture in ways that confer evolutionary and physiological advantages? Potential answers to these fundamental questions of cell biology have historically revolved around the discussion of 'master' temporal programs, such as the principal cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclin cell division oscillator and the circadian clock. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent evidence supporting an emerging concept of 'autonomous clocks,' which under normal conditions can be entrained by the cell cycle and/or the circadian clock to run at their pace, but can also run independently to serve their functions if/when these major temporal programs are halted/abrupted. We begin the discussion by introducing recent developments in the study of such clocks and their roles at different scales and complexities. We then use current advances to elucidate the logic and molecular architecture of temporal networks that comprise autonomous clocks, providing important clues as to how these clocks may have evolved to run independently and, sometimes at the cost of redundancy, have strongly coupled to run under the full command of the cell cycle and/or the circadian clock. Next, we review a list of important recent findings that have shed new light onto potential hallmarks of autonomous clocks, suggestive of prospective theoretical and experimental approaches to further accelerate their discovery. Finally, we discuss their roles in health and disease, as well as possible therapeutic opportunities that targeting the autonomous clocks may offer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mofatteh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Fabio Echegaray-Iturra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Andrew Alamban
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Francesco Dalla Ricca
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Anand Bakshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mustafa G Aydogan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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95
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Pan HY, Valapala M. Role of the Transcriptional Repressor Zinc Finger with KRAB and SCAN Domains 3 (ZKSCAN3) in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102504. [PMID: 34685484 PMCID: PMC8534123 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are important for proper functioning of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cells have a daily burden of phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments (POS) and also degrade cellular waste by autophagy. Here, we identified the role of Zinc-finger protein with KRAB and SCAN domains 3 (ZKSCAN3) in co-ordinate regulation of lysosomal function and autophagy in the RPE. Our studies show that in the RPE, ZKSCAN3 is predominantly nuclear in healthy cells and its nuclear expression is reduced upon nutrient deprivation. siRNA-mediated knockdown of ZKSCAN3 results in de-repression of some of the ZKSCAN3 target genes. Knockdown of ZKSCAN3 also resulted in an induction in autophagy flux, increase in the number of functional lysosomes and accompanied activation of lysosomal cathepsin B activity in ARPE-19 cells. We also demonstrated that inhibition of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) retains ZKSCAN3 in the nucleus in nutrient-deprived cells. In summary, our studies elucidated the role of ZKSCAN3 as a transcriptional repressor of autophagy and lysosomal function in the RPE.
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96
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Zhu SY, Yao RQ, Li YX, Zhao PY, Ren C, Du XH, Yao YM. The Role and Regulatory Mechanism of Transcription Factor EB in Health and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:667750. [PMID: 34490237 PMCID: PMC8418145 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.667750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a member of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor/transcription factor E (MiTF/TFE) family and critically involved in the maintenance of structural integrity and functional balance of multiple cells. In this review, we described the effects of post-transcriptional modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination, on the subcellular localization and activation of TFEB. The activated TFEB enters into the nucleus and induces the expressions of targeted genes. We then presented the role of TFEB in the biosynthesis of multiple organelles, completion of lysosome-autophagy pathway, metabolism regulation, immune, and inflammatory responses. This review compiles existing knowledge in the understanding of TFEB regulation and function, covering its essential role in response to cellular stress. We further elaborated the involvement of TFEB dysregulation in the pathophysiological process of various diseases, such as the catabolic hyperactivity in tumors, the accumulation of abnormal aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases, and the aberrant host responses in inflammatory diseases. In this review, multiple drugs have also been introduced, which enable regulating the translocation and activation of TFEB, showing beneficial effects in mitigating various disease models. Therefore, TFEB might serve as a potential therapeutic target for human diseases. The limitation of this review is that the mechanism of TFEB-related human diseases mainly focuses on its association with lysosome and autophagy, which needs deep description of other mechanism in diseases progression after getting more advanced information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Zhu
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Translational Medicine Research Center and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Translational Medicine Research Center and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Yue Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Translational Medicine Research Center and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Translational Medicine Research Center and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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97
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Bastien J, Menon S, Messa M, Nyfeler B. Molecular targets and approaches to restore autophagy and lysosomal capacity in neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:101018. [PMID: 34489092 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that promotes cellular fitness by clearing aggregated protein species, pathogens and damaged organelles through lysosomal degradation. The autophagic process is particularly important in the nervous system where post-mitotic neurons rely heavily on protein and organelle quality control in order to maintain cellular health throughout the lifetime of the organism. Alterations of autophagy and lysosomal function are hallmarks of various neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we conceptualize some of the mechanistic and genetic evidence pointing towards autophagy and lysosomal dysfunction as a causal driver of neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we discuss rate-limiting pathway nodes and potential approaches to restore pathway activity, from autophagy initiation, cargo sequestration to lysosomal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bastien
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Suchithra Menon
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mirko Messa
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Beat Nyfeler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
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98
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Shyam R, Ogando DG, Choi M, Liton PB, Bonanno JA. Mitochondrial ROS Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction and Autophagy Impairment in an Animal Model of Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:15. [PMID: 34533563 PMCID: PMC8458782 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.12.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Slc4a11 knock out (KO) mouse model recapitulates the human disease phenotype associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED). Increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the Slc4a11 KO mouse model is a major cause of edema and endothelial cell loss. Here, we asked if autophagy was activated by ROS in the KO mice. Methods Immortalized cell lines and mouse corneal endothelia were used to measure autophagy and lysosome associated protein expressions using Protein Simple Wes immunoassay. Autophagy and lysosome functions were examined in wild type (WT) and KO cells as well as animals treated with the mitochondrial ROS quencher MitoQ. Results Even though autophagy activation was evident, autophagy flux was aberrant in Slc4a11 KO cells and corneal endothelium. Expression of lysosomal proteins and lysosomal mass were decreased along with reduced nuclear translocation of lysosomal master regulator, transcription factor EB (TFEB). MitoQ reversed aberrant lysosomal functions and TFEB nuclear localization in KO cells. MitoQ injections in KO animals reduced corneal edema and decreased the rate of endothelial cell loss. Conclusions Mitochondrial ROS disrupts TFEB signaling causing lysosomal dysfunction with impairment of autophagy in Slc4a11 KO corneal endothelium. Our study is the first to identify the presence as well as cause of lysosomal dysfunction in an animal model of CHED, and to identify a potential therapeutic approach.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anion Transport Proteins/genetics
- Autophagy/physiology
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cathepsin L/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/genetics
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/metabolism
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Corneal/drug effects
- Endothelium, Corneal/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Immunohistochemistry
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Organophosphorus Compounds/pharmacology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Symporters/genetics
- Transfection
- Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives
- Ubiquinone/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalekshmy Shyam
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Diego G. Ogando
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Moonjung Choi
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Paloma B. Liton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Joseph A. Bonanno
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
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99
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PARsylated transcription factor EB (TFEB) regulates the expression of a subset of Wnt target genes by forming a complex with β-catenin-TCF/LEF1. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2555-2570. [PMID: 33753903 PMCID: PMC8408140 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is mainly transduced by β-catenin via regulation of the β-catenin destruction complex containing Axin, APC, and GSK3β. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a well-known master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis processes. TFEB's nuclear localization and transcriptional activity are also regulated by various upstream signals. In this study, we found that Wnt signaling induces the nuclear localization of TFEB and the expression of Wnt target genes is regulated by TFEB-β-catenin-TCF/LEF1 as well as β-catenin-TCF/LEF1 complexes. Our biochemical data revealed that TFEB is a part of the β-catenin destruction complex, and destabilization of the destruction complex by knockdown of either Axin or APC causes nuclear localization of TFEB. Interestingly, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that about 27% of Wnt3a-induced genes were TFEB dependent. However, these "TFEB mediated Wnt target genes" were different from TFEB target genes involved in autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis processes. Mechanistically, we found that Tankyrase (TNKS) PARsylates TFEB with Wnt ON signaling, and the nuclear localized PARsylated TFEB forms a complex with β-catenin-TCF/LEF1 to induce the "TFEB mediated Wnt target genes". Finally, we found that in various types of cancer, the levels of TFEB mediated Wnt target genes exhibit strong correlations with the level of Axin2, which represents the activity of Wnt signaling. Overall, our data suggest that Wnt signaling induces the expression of a subset of genes that are distinct from previously known genes regulated by the β-catenin-TCF/LEF1 complex or TFEB, by forming a transcription factor complex consisting of PARsylated TFEB and β-catenin-TCF/LEF1.
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100
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Ballesteros‐Álvarez J, Andersen JK. mTORC2: The other mTOR in autophagy regulation. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13431. [PMID: 34250734 PMCID: PMC8373318 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has gathered significant attention as a ubiquitously expressed multimeric kinase with key implications for cell growth, proliferation, and survival. This kinase forms the central core of two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which share the ability of integrating environmental, nutritional, and hormonal cues but which regulate separate molecular pathways that result in different cellular responses. Particularly, mTORC1 has been described as a major negative regulator of endosomal biogenesis and autophagy, a catabolic process that degrades intracellular components and organelles within the lysosomes and is thought to play a key role in human health and disease. In contrast, the role of mTORC2 in the regulation of autophagy has been considerably less studied despite mounting evidence this complex may regulate autophagy in a different and perhaps complementary manner to that of mTORC1. Genetic ablation of unique subunits is currently being utilized to study the differential effects of the two mTOR complexes. RICTOR is the best‐described subunit specific to mTORC2 and as such has become a useful tool for investigating the specific actions of this complex. The development of complex‐specific inhibitors for mTORC2 is also an area of intense interest. Studies to date have demonstrated that mTORC1/2 complexes each signal to a variety of exclusive downstream molecules with distinct biological roles. Pinpointing the particular effects of these downstream effectors is crucial toward the development of novel therapies aimed at accurately modulating autophagy in the context of human aging and disease.
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