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Wang H, Bai G, Chen J, Han W, Guo R, Cui N. mTOR deletion ameliorates CD4 + T cell apoptosis during sepsis by improving autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Apoptosis 2022; 27:401-408. [PMID: 35435531 PMCID: PMC9132821 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy dysfunction contributes to CD4 + T cell apoptosis during sepsis leading to impairment of adaptive immunity. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway modulates CD4 + T cell survival during sepsis through mechanisms that are not fully understood. We developed a mouse model of sepsis through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to investigate dynamic changes in autophagy in CD4 + T cells. We used T cell specific-mTOR/tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1)-knockout mice to explore the roles of the mTOR pathway in modulating autophagy during sepsis. We observed reduced fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes in the CD4 + T cells of CLP mice, which may represent a characteristic feature of autophagy dysfunction. Deletion of mTOR relieved autophagosome-lysosome fusion dysfunction and ameliorated apoptosis of CD4 + T cells in CLP mice, but this rescued phenotype was abolished by treatment with bafilomycin A1, a specific A-L fusion inhibitor. We further explored the underlying molecular mechanism and found that phosphorylation levels of transcription factor EB were significant higher in CLP mice and that expression of A-L fusion protein SNAREs were restricted, both of which were ameliorated by mTOR deletion. Taken together, these results suggest that the mTOR pathway plays a critical role in regulation of CD4 + T-cell apoptosis during sepsis, partly through regulation of A-L fusion-related protein transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 100035 Beijing, China
| | - Guangxu Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Wen Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
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Chen W, Xiao W, Liu X, Yuan P, Zhang S, Wang Y, Wu W. Pharmacological manipulation of macrophage autophagy effectively rejuvenates the regenerative potential of biodegrading vascular graft in aging body. Bioact Mater 2022; 11:283-299. [PMID: 34977432 PMCID: PMC8668428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Declined regenerative potential and aggravated inflammation upon aging create an inappropriate environment for arterial regeneration. Macrophages are one of vital effector cells in the immune microenvironment, especially during biomaterials mediated repairing process. Here, we revealed that the macrophage autophagy decreased with aging, which led to aggravated inflammation, thereby causing poor vascular remodeling of artificial grafts in aging body. Through loading the autophagy-targeted drugs, rapamycin and 3-MA (3-methyladenine), in PCL (polycaprolactone) sheath of the PGS (poly glycerol sebacate) - PCL vascular graft, the essential role of macrophage autophagy was confirmed in regulating macrophage polarization and biomaterial degradation. Moreover, the utilization of rapamycin promoted anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophage by activating autophagy, which further promoted myogenic differentiation of vascular progenitor cells and accelerated endothelialization. Our study elucidated the contribution of pharmacological manipulation of macrophage autophagy in promoting regeneration of small caliber artery, which may pave a new avenue for clinical translation of vascular grafts in aging body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pingping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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53
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Wu C, Zhang G, Wang Z, Shi H. Macrophage-mediated delivery of Fe3O4-nanoparticles: a generalized strategy to deliver iron to Tumor Microenvironment. Curr Drug Deliv 2022; 19:928-939. [PMID: 35473528 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220426085450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Iron are used to alter macrophage phenotypes and induce tumor cell death. Iron oxide nanoparticles can induce macrophage polarization into the M1 phenotype, which inhibits tumor growth and can dissociate into iron ions in macrophages. Objective:In this study, we proposed to construct high expression of Ferroportin1 macrophages as carriers to deliver Fe3O4-nanoparticles and iron directly to tumor sites. METHODS Three sizes of Fe3O4-nanoparticles with gradient concentrations were used. The migration ability of iron-carrying macrophages was confirmed by an in vitro migration experiment and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 detection. The release of iron from macrophages was confirmed by determining their levels in the cell culture supernatant, and we constructed a high expression of ferroportin strain of macrophage lines to increase intracellular iron efflux by increasing membrane transferrin expression. Fe3O4-NPs in Ana-1 cells were degraded in lysosomes, and the amount of iron released was correlated with the expression of ferroportin1. RESULTS After Fe3O4-nanoparticles uptake by macrophages, not only polarized macrophages into M1 phenotype, but the nanoparticles also dissolved in the lysosome and iron were released out of the cell. FPN1 has known as the only known Fe transporter, we use Lentiviral vector carrying FPN1 gene transfected into macrophages, has successfully constructed Ana-1-FPN1 cells, and maintains high expression of FPN1. Ana-1-FPN1 cells increases intracellular iron release. Fe3O4-nanoparticles loaded engineered Ana-1 macrophages can act as a "reservoir" of iron. CONCLUSION Our study provides proof of strategy for Fe3O4-NPs target delivery to the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, increase of intracellular iron efflux by overexpression of FPN1, cell carriers can act as a reservoir for iron, providing the basis for targeted delivery of Fe3O4-NPs and iron ions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, 225001
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, 225001
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, 225001
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangyang Road North Campus of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Impact of microRNA Regulated Macrophage Actions on Adipose Tissue Function in Obesity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081336. [PMID: 35456015 PMCID: PMC9024513 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced adipose tissue dysfunction is bolstered by chronic, low-grade inflammation and impairs systemic metabolic health. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) perpetuate local inflammation but are crucial to adipose tissue homeostasis, exerting heterogeneous, niche-specific functions. Diversified macrophage actions are shaped through finely regulated factors, including microRNAs, which post-transcriptionally alter macrophage activation. Numerous studies have highlighted microRNAs’ importance to immune function and potential as inflammation-modulatory. This review summarizes current knowledge of regulatory networks governed by microRNAs in ATMs in white adipose tissue under obesity stress.
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Lv T, Zhang Z, Yu H, Ren S, Wang J, Li S, Sun L. Tamoxifen Exerts Anticancer Effects on Pituitary Adenoma Progression via Inducing Cell Apoptosis and Inhibiting Cell Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052664. [PMID: 35269804 PMCID: PMC8910631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although pituitary adenomas are histologically benign, they are often accompanied by multiple complications, such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic dysfunction. In the present study, we repositioned the Food and Drug Administration -approved immune regulator tamoxifen to target STAT6 based on the genomics analysis of PAs. Tamoxifen inhibited the proliferation of GH3 and AtT-20 cells with respective IC50 values of 9.15 and 7.52 μM and increased their apoptotic rates in a dose-dependent manner. At the molecular level, tamoxifen downregulated phosphorylated PI3K, phosphorylated AKT and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and Bax in GH3 and AtT-20 cells. Furthermore, tamoxifen also inhibited the migration of both cell lines by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages to the M1 phenotype through STAT6 inactivation and inhibition of the macrophage-specific immune checkpoint SHP1/SHP. Finally, administration of tamoxifen (20, 50, 100 mg·kg−1·d−1, for 21 days) inhibited the growth of pituitary adenomas xenografts in nude mice in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, tamoxifen is likely to be a promising combination therapy for pituitary adenomas and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Haoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuyue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.R.); (J.W.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence:
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Xiao M, He J, Yin L, Chen X, Zu X, Shen Y. Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Critical Players in Drug Resistance of Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:799428. [PMID: 34992609 PMCID: PMC8724912 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the most critical challenges in breast cancer (BC) treatment. The occurrence and development of drug resistance are closely related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most important immune cells in TIME, are essential for drug resistance in BC treatment. In this article, we summarize the effects of TAMs on the resistance of various drugs in endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, and their underlying mechanisms. Based on the current overview of the key role of TAMs in drug resistance, we discuss the potential possibility for targeting TAMs to reduce drug resistance in BC treatment, By inhibiting the recruitment of TAMs, depleting the number of TAMs, regulating the polarization of TAMs and enhancing the phagocytosis of TAMs. Evidences in our review support it is important to develop novel therapeutic strategies to target TAMs in BC to overcome the treatment of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyu Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liyang Yin
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiguan Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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57
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Ahamada MM, Jia Y, Wu X. Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:734008. [PMID: 34987500 PMCID: PMC8721097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that attacks almost every organ. The condition mostly happens to adults but is also found in children, and the latter have the most severe manifestations. Among adults, females, especially non-Caucasian, are mostly affected. Even if the etiology of SLE remains unclear, studies show a close relation between this disease and both genetics and environment. Despite the large number of published articles about SLE, we still do not have a clear picture of its pathogenesis, and no specific drug has been found to treat this condition effectively. The implication of macrophages in SLE development is gaining ground, and studying it could answer these gaps. Indeed, both in vivo and in vitro studies increasingly report a strong link between this disease and macrophages. Hence, this review aims to explore the role of macrophages polarization and plasticity in SLE development. Understanding this role is of paramount importance because in-depth knowledge of the connection between macrophages and this systemic disease could clarify its pathogenesis and provide a foundation for macrophage-centered therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariame Mohamed Ahamada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Tony-Odigie A, Wilke L, Boutin S, Dalpke AH, Yi B. Commensal Bacteria in the Cystic Fibrosis Airway Microbiome Reduce P. aeruginosa Induced Inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:824101. [PMID: 35174108 PMCID: PMC8842722 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections play an important role in the progress of lung disease in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). Recent studies indicate that polymicrobial microbiome profiles in the airway are associated with less inflammation. Thus, the hypothesis was raised that certain commensal bacteria might protect the host from inflammation. We therefore performed a screening study with commensals isolated from CF airway microbiome samples to identify potential beneficial commensals. We isolated more than 80 aerobic or facultative anaerobic commensal strains, including strains from genera Streptococcus, Neisseria, Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Dermabacter, Micrococcus and Rothia. Through a screening experiment of co-infection in human epithelial cell lines, we identified multiple commensal strains, especially strains belonging to Streptococcus mitis, that reduced P. aeruginosa triggered inflammatory responses. The results were confirmed by co-infection experiments in ex-vivo precision cut lung slices (PCLS) from mice. The underlying mechanisms of the complex host-pathogen-commensal crosstalk were investigated from both the host and the bacterial sides with a focus on S. mitis. Transcriptome changes in the host in response to co-infection and mono-infection were evaluated, and the results indicated that several signalling pathways mediating inflammatory responses were downregulated by co-infection with S. mitis and P. aeruginosa compared to P. aeruginosa mono-infection, such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation. The genomic differences among S. mitis strains with and without protective effects were investigated by whole genome sequencing, revealing genes only present in the S. mitis strains showing protective effects. In summary, through both in vitro and ex vivo studies, we could identify a variety of commensal strains that may reduce host inflammatory responses induced by P. aeruginosa infection. These findings support the hypothesis that CF airway commensals may protect the host from inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tony-Odigie
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonie Wilke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sébastien Boutin
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H. Dalpke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Buqing Yi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Buqing Yi,
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Tan L, Xu Y, Lan G, Wang H, Liang Z, Zhang Z, Tian Q, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Xie X. Absence of TSC1 Accelerates CD8 + T cell-mediated Acute Cardiac Allograft Rejection. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1562-1575. [PMID: 36186130 PMCID: PMC9466980 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by inactivating mutations in TSC1 or TSC2.Patients with TSC often require organ transplantation after organ failure. TSC1 serves as an important control node in immune cell development and responses; however, its effect on T cells in transplant immunity has not yet been explored. Here, we characterized the effect of TSC1 deficiency in T cells on acute allograft rejection using a mouse cardiac transplantation model. We observed compromised allograft survival in mice with TSC1-deficient T cells. Notably, the allografts in mice transferred with TSC1-deficient CD8+T cells showed accelerated acute allograft rejection. TSC1 deficiency triggered the increased accumulation of CD8+ T cells in allografts due to augmented infiltration caused by increased CXCR3 expression levels and elevated in-situ proliferation of TSC1-deficient CD8+ T cells. Compared to CD8+ T cells from wild-type (WT) mice, TSC1-deficient CD8+ T cells exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and increased expression levels of interferon-γ and granzyme B after alloantigen stimulation. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is used to treat patients with TSC and prevent rejection after solid-organ transplantation. Although rapamycin induced most cardiac allografts to survive beyond 100 d in WT mice, rapamycin-treated cardiac allografts in TSC1-deficient mice were rejected within 60 d. These results suggest that TSC1-deficient recipients may be more resistant to rapamycin-mediated immunosuppression during organ transplantation. Collectively, TSC1 significantly accelerates acute allograft rejection by enhancing the alloreactivity of CD8+ T cells, making them more resistant to mTOR inhibitor-mediated immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tan
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
| | - Yanan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Gongbin Lan
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qianchuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yangxiao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Xubiao Xie, Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China. E-mail: .
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AKT Isoforms in Macrophage Activation, Polarization, and Survival. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:165-196. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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IL-38 Alleviates Inflammation in Sepsis in Mice by Inhibiting Macrophage Apoptosis and Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6370911. [PMID: 34955683 PMCID: PMC8709774 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6370911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin- (IL-) 38 is an emerging cytokine with multiple functions involved in infection and immunity. However, the potential role of IL-38 in the host immune response during sepsis remains elusive. Herein, we investigated if macrophages in septic mice express IL-38, the molecular mechanisms behind its expression, and the downstream effects of its expression. In mouse peritoneal macrophages, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) upregulated IL-38 and its receptor IL-36R, and the resulting IL-38 shifted macrophages from a M1 to M2 phenotype. Moreover, exposure to IL-38 alone was sufficient to inhibit macrophage apoptosis and LPS-driven activation of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. These effects were partly abrogated by IL-38 downregulation. In septic mice, IL-38 markedly lowered serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and greatly improved survival. Conversely, IL-38 blockade aggravated their mortality. Collectively, these findings present IL-38 as a potent immune modulator that restrains the inflammatory response by suppressing macrophage apoptosis and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. IL-38 may help protect organs from sepsis-related injury.
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Gruber VE, Luinenburg MJ, Colleselli K, Endmayr V, Anink JJ, Zimmer TS, Jansen F, Gosselaar P, Coras R, Scholl T, Blumcke I, Pimentel J, Hainfellner JA, Höftberger R, Rössler K, Feucht M, van Scheppingen J, Aronica E, Mühlebner A. Increased expression of complement components in tuberous sclerosis complex and focal cortical dysplasia type 2B brain lesions. Epilepsia 2021; 63:364-374. [PMID: 34904712 PMCID: PMC9299842 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Increasing evidence supports the contribution of inflammatory mechanisms to the neurological manifestations of epileptogenic developmental pathologies linked to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway dysregulation (mTORopathies), such as tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern and cellular distribution of the complement factors C1q and C3 in resected cortical tissue of clinically well‐characterized patients with TSC and FCD2B. Methods We applied immunohistochemistry in TSC (n = 29) and FCD2B (n = 32) samples and compared them to autopsy and biopsy controls (n = 27). Furthermore, protein expression was observed via Western blot, and for descriptive colocalization studies immunofluorescence double labeling was performed. Results Protein expression for C3 was significantly upregulated in TSC and FCD2B white and gray matter lesions compared to controls. Staining of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin showed a remarkable increase in the white matter of both TSC and FCD2B. Furthermore, confocal imaging revealed colocalization of complement factors with astroglial, microglial, neuronal, and abnormal cells in various patterns. Significance Our results demonstrate that the prominent activation of the complement pathway represents a common pathological hallmark of TSC and FCD2B, suggesting that complement overactivation may play a role in these mTORopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark J Luinenburg
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katrin Colleselli
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasper J Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Till S Zimmer
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Floor Jansen
- Department of Child Neurology, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Gosselaar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Coras
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theresa Scholl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingmar Blumcke
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - José Pimentel
- Department of Neurology, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Johannes A Hainfellner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Rössler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha Feucht
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jackelien van Scheppingen
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Epilepsy Institutes of the Netherlands Foundation, Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - Angelika Mühlebner
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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63
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Hu Y, Gu J, Lin J, Wang Y, Yang F, Yin J, Yu Z, Wu S, Lv H, Ji X, Wang S. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) modulates polarized macrophages to suppress M1 phenotype and promote M2 polarization in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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64
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Kaul K, Benej M, Mishra S, Ahirwar DK, Yadav M, Stanford KI, Jacob NK, Denko NC, Ganju RK. Slit2-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Enhances Antitumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753477. [PMID: 34777365 PMCID: PMC8581492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Slit2 exerts antitumor effects in various cancers; however, the underlying mechanism, especially its role in regulating the immune, especially in the bone marrow niche, system is still unknown. Elucidating the behavior of macrophages in tumor progression can potentially improve immunotherapy. Using a spontaneous mammary tumor virus promoter-polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) breast cancer mouse model, we observed that Slit2 increased the abundance of antitumor M1 macrophage in the bone marrow upon differentiation in vitro. Moreover, myeloablated PyMT mice injected with Slit2-treated bone marrow allografts showed a marked reduction in tumor growth, with enhanced recruitment of M1 macrophage in their tumor stroma. Mechanistic studies revealed that Slit2 significantly enhanced glycolysis and reduced fatty acid oxidation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Slit2 treatment also altered mitochondrial respiration metabolites in macrophages isolated from healthy human blood that were treated with plasma from breast cancer patients. Overall, this study, for the first time, shows that Slit2 increases BMDM polarization toward antitumor phenotype by modulating immune-metabolism. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that soluble Slit2 could be developed as novel therapeutic strategy to enhance antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Kaul
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Martin Benej
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dinesh K Ahirwar
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Marshleen Yadav
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Naduparambil K Jacob
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicholas C Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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65
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Jiao B, An C, Du H, Tran M, Wang P, Zhou D, Wang Y. STAT6 Deficiency Attenuates Myeloid Fibroblast Activation and Macrophage Polarization in Experimental Folic Acid Nephropathy. Cells 2021; 10:3057. [PMID: 34831280 PMCID: PMC8623460 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a pathologic feature of chronic kidney disease, which can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Myeloid fibroblasts play a central role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms pertaining to myeloid fibroblast activation remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we examine the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in myeloid fibroblast activation, macrophage polarization, and renal fibrosis development in a mouse model of folic acid nephropathy. STAT6 is activated in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Compared with folic-acid-treated wild-type mice, STAT6 knockout mice had markedly reduced myeloid fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Furthermore, STAT6 knockout mice exhibited significantly less CD206 and PDGFR-β dual-positive fibroblast accumulation and M2 macrophage polarization in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Consistent with these findings, STAT6 knockout mice produced less extracellular matrix protein, exhibited less severe interstitial fibrosis, and preserved kidney function in folic acid nephropathy. Taken together, these results have shown that STAT6 plays a critical role in myeloid fibroblasts activation, M2 macrophage polarization, extracellular matrix protein production, and renal fibrosis development in folic acid nephropathy. Therefore, targeting STAT6 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihai Jiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
| | - Changlong An
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
| | - Hao Du
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
| | - Melanie Tran
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
| | - Dong Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (B.J.); (C.A.); (H.D.); metr (M.T.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Renal Section, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Jiang W, Wang JM, Luo JH, Chen Y, Pi J, Ma XD, Liu CX, Zhou Y, Qu XP, Liu C, Liu HJ, Qin XQ, Xiang Y. Airway epithelial integrin β4-deficiency exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7711-7724. [PMID: 34018612 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells, the first barrier of the respiratory tract, play an indispensable role in innate immunity. Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a structural adhesion molecule that is involved in the pathological progression of acute inflammatory diseases and is downregulated in asthmatic patients. Research has shown that endothelial ITGB4 has proinflammatory properties in acute lung injury (ALI). However, the role of epithelial ITGB4 in a murine ALI model is still unknown. This study investigated the role of ITGB4 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. We found that ITGB4 in the airway epithelium had remarkably increased after the introduction of LPS in vivo and in vitro. Then, we constructed airway epithelial cell-specific ITGB4 knockout (ITGB4-/- ) mice to study its role in ALI. At a time point of 12 h after the tracheal injection of LPS, ITGB4-/- mice showed increased macrophages (mainly M1-type macrophages) and neutrophil infiltration into the lungs; inflammation-related proteins including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor, and IL-17A were significantly elevated compared to their levels in ITGB4+/+ mice. Furthermore, we investigated the role of ITGB4 in the anti-inflammatory response. Intriguingly, in the ITGB4-/- + LPS group, we found significantly reduced expression of anti-inflammatory factors, including IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) and ARG-1 mRNA. We also observed that monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) increased significantly both in vivo and in vitro. Airway epithelium activates macrophages, most likely driven by MCP-1, which we confirmed in the coculture of epithelia and macrophages. These phenomena indicate that ITGB4 in airway epithelial cells plays an important role in the process of inflammation and activation of macrophages in ALI. Overall, these data demonstrated a novel link between airway epithelial ITGB4 and the inflammatory response in LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Mei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Hua Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Pi
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Di Ma
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cai-Xia Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Functional Experimental Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Qu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Qin
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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67
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Liang Z, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Sun L, Dong X, Li T, Tan L, Xie X, Sun L, Zhao Y. The Development and Survival of Thymic Epithelial Cells Require TSC1-Dependent Negative Regulation of mTORC1 Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:2039-2050. [PMID: 34535574 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are critical for the development and generation of functionally competent T cells. Until now, the mechanism that regulates the survival of TECs is poorly understood. In the current study, we found that Tsc1 controls the homeostasis of medullary TECs (mTECs) by inhibiting lysosomal-mediated apoptosis pathway in mice. TEC-specific deletion of Tsc1 predominately decreased the cell number of mTECs and, to a lesser content, affected the development cortical TECs. The defect of mTECs caused by Tsc1 deficiency in mice impaired thymocyte development and peripheral T cell homeostasis. Mechanistically, Tsc1 deficiency did not affect the cell proliferation of mTECs but increased the apoptosis of mTECs significantly. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that pathways involved in lysosomal biogenesis, cell metabolism, and apoptosis were remarkably elevated in Tsc1-deficient mTECs compared with their wild-type counterparts. Tsc1-deficient mTECs exhibited overproduction of reactive oxygen species and malfunction of lysosome, with lysosome membrane permeabilization and the release of cathepsin B and cathepsin L to the cytosol, which then lead to Bid cleaved into active truncated Bid and subsequently intrinsic apoptosis. Finally, we showed that the impaired development of mTECs could be partially reversed by decreasing mTORC1 activity via haploinsufficiency of Raptor Thus, Tsc1 is essential for the homeostasis of mTECs by inhibiting lysosomal-mediated apoptosis through mTORC1-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liguang Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China; and .,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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68
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Chen Z, Wu H, Shi R, Fan W, Zhang J, Su W, Wang Y, Li P. miRNAomics analysis reveals the promoting effects of cigarette smoke extract-treated Beas-2B-derived exosomes on macrophage polarization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 572:157-163. [PMID: 34365140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation of cigarette smoke induces airway and parenchyma inflammation that predisposes smokers to multiple lung diseases such as COPD. Macrophage polarization, an important specifying feature of inflammation, is involved in the progression of pulmonary inflammation. Exosomes and their loaded miRNAs provide a medium for cross-talk between alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells to maintain lung homeostasis. In this study, we treated Beas-2B with CSE to speculate the effects of Beas-2B-derived exosomes on macrophage polarization and performed exosomal miRNAomics analysis to explore the mechanism. We found that CSE-treated Beas-2B-derived exosomes could not only increase the percentages of CD86+, CD80+ CD163+, and CD206+ cells but also induce the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, IL-10, Arg-1, and TGF-β, indicating both M1 and M2 polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages were promoting. We performed miRNAomics analysis to identify 27 differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs such as miR-29a-3p and miR-1307-5p. Next, we obtained 14942 target genes of these miRNAs such as SCN1A and PLEKHA1 through the prediction of TargetScan and miRanda. We utilized KEGG enrichment analysis for these targets to identify potential pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway on the regulation of macrophage polarization. We further found that miR-21-3p or miR-27b-3p may play critical roles in the promotion of CSE-Exo on macrophage polarization by miRNA interference. Collectively, this study provided novel information for diagnostic and therapeutic tactics of cigarette smoke-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Weiyang Fan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiashuo Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Peibo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Zheng Z, Zhang J, Jiang J, He Y, Zhang W, Mo X, Kang X, Xu Q, Wang B, Huang Y. Remodeling tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for glioma therapy using multi-targeting liposomal codelivery. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000207. [PMID: 32817393 PMCID: PMC7437977 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment is undermined by the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Seek for effective methods for brain TIME modulation is a pressing need. However, there are two major challenges against achieving the goal: first, to screen the effective drugs with TIME-remodeling functions and, second, to develop a brain targeting system for delivering the drugs. METHODS In this study, an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)-binding peptide DCDX was used to modify the codelivery liposomes to achieve a 'three-birds-one-stone' delivery strategy, that is, multi-targeting the glioma vessel endothelium, glioma cells, and tumor-associated macrophages that all overexpressed α7 nAChRs. A brain-targeted liposomal honokiol and disulfiram/copper codelivery system (CDX-LIPO) was developed for combination therapy via regulating mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway for remodeling tumor metabolism and TIME. Honokiol can yield a synergistic effect with disulfiram/copper for anti-GBM. RESULTS It was demonstrated that CDX-LIPO remarkably triggered tumor cell autophagy and induced immunogenic cell death, and meanwhile, activated the tumor-infiltrating macrophage and dendritic cells, and primed T and NK (natural killer) cells, resulting in antitumor immunity and tumor regression. Moreover, CDX-LIPO promoted M1-macrophage polarization and facilitated mTOR-mediated reprogramming of glucose metabolism in glioma. CONCLUSION This study developed a potential combinatory therapeutic strategy by regulation of TIME and a 'three-birds-one-stone'-like glioma-targeting drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zening Zheng
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jizong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejia Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China .,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of PharmaceuticalExcipients, Shanghai, China.,Zhongshan Branch, the Institute of Drug Research and Development, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China
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70
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Dou R, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang P, Yan B. Mesenchymal stem cell exosomal tsRNA-21109 alleviate systemic lupus erythematosus by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:106-114. [PMID: 34464838 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with M1-type macrophage activation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapies have shown promise in models of pathologies relevant to SLE, while the function and mechanism of MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) were still unclear. We aimed to interrogate the effect of MSC-exo on M1-type polarization of macrophage and investigate mechanisms underlying MSC-exo. Exosomes were isolated from MSC and the effect of MSC-exo on macrophage polarization was evaluated. The key tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) carried by exosomes were identified by small RNA sequencing and verified in clinical samples. The effect of exosomal-tRFs on macrophage polarization was examined. In this study, MSC-exo dramatically suppressed expression of M1 markers, and reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, while increased M2 markers in macrophages. A total of 243 differently expressed tRFs (DEtRFs) were identified between MSC-exo treated and untreated macrophage, among which 103 DEtRFs were up-regulated in response to MSC-exo treatment, including tsRNA-21109. The target genes of tsRNA-21109 were mainly enriched in DNA transcription-related GO function, and mainly involved in inflammatory-related pathways, including Rap1, Ras, Hippo, Wnt, MAPK, TGF-beta signaling pathway. The tsRNA-21109 was lowly expressed in clinical samples and was associated with the patient data in SLE. Compared to the normal MSC-exo, the tsRNA-21109-privative MSC-exo up-regulated M1 marker (CD80, NOS2, MCP1) and down-regulated M2 marker (CD206, ARG1, MRC2), also increased the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophages. Western blot and immunofluorescence confirmed that the proportion of CD80/ARG-1 was increased in macrophages treated with tsRNA-21109-privatived MSC-exo compared to that with control MSC-exo. In conclusion, MSC-exo inhibited the M1-type polarization of macrophages, possibly through transferring tsRNA-21109, which may develop as a novel therapeutic target for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xiulei Zhang
- Department of Microbiome Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China.
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Song J, Yang P, Li X, Zhu X, Liu M, Duan X, Liu R. Esophageal Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicle miR-21-5p Contributes to EMT of ESCC Cells by Disorganizing Macrophage Polarization. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4122. [PMID: 34439276 PMCID: PMC8392810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The disorganized polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exerts a critical effect on tumor progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from cancer cells may contribute to this process. However, the relationship between TAMs and EVs-miRNAs-mediated regulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In the present study, immunoaffinity magnetic beads combined with antiepithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM) were used to isolate and identify EVs-miR-21-5p from the plasma of ESCC patients. An in vitro coculture system was designed to evaluate the effect of esophageal cancer cells with miR-21-5p overexpression on macrophage polarization. We found that phorbol myristate acetate-induced THP-1 macrophages took up EVs-miR-21-5p from EC109 or EC9706 cells and were transformed into M2 macrophages. This, in turn, contributed to the excessive migration and invasion of esophageal cancer cells. The mechanism underlying these changes may involve activation of M2 macrophages by upregulated ESCC-derived EVs-miR-21-5p through the PTEN/AKT/STAT6 pathway. This may result in esophageal cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via TGF-β/Smad2 signaling. Our results indicate positive feedback between M2 macrophage polarization and EMT of esophageal cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment via shuttling of miR-21-5p in tumor-derived EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.S.); (P.Y.); (M.L.)
- The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.S.); (P.Y.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiuwen Li
- The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mengxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.S.); (P.Y.); (M.L.)
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (J.S.); (P.Y.); (M.L.)
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Le F, Yang L, Han Y, Zhong Y, Zhan F, Feng Y, Hu H, Chen T, Tan B. TPL Inhibits the Invasion and Migration of Drug-Resistant Ovarian Cancer by Targeting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB-Signaling Pathway to Inhibit the Polarization of M2 TAMs. Front Oncol 2021; 11:704001. [PMID: 34381726 PMCID: PMC8350572 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the primary reason for the poor prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer, and the search for a novel drug treatment or adjuvant chemotherapy drug is an urgent need. The tumor microenvironment plays key role in the incidence and development of tumors. As one of the most important components of the tumor microenvironment, M2 tumor-associated macrophages are closely related to tumor migration, invasion, immunosuppressive phenotype and drug resistance. Many studies have confirmed that triptolide (TPL), one of the principal components of Tripterygium wilfordii, possesses broad-spectrum anti-tumor activity. The aims of this study were to determine whether TPL could inhibit the migration and invasion of A2780/DDP cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); to explore the mechanism(s) underlying TPL effects; and to investigate the influence of TPL on murine intestinal symbiotic microbiota. In vitro results showed that M2 macrophage supernatant slightly promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of A2780/DDP cells, which was reversed by TPL in a dose-dependent manner. Animal experiments showed that TPL, particularly TPL + cisplatin (DDP), significantly reduced the tumor burden, prolonged the life span of mice by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization, and downregulated the levels of CD31 and CD206 (CD31 is the vascular marker and CD206 is the macrophage marker), the mechanism of which may be related to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. High-throughput sequencing results of the intestinal microbiota in nude mice illustrated that Akkermansia and Clostridium were upregulated by DDP and TPL respective. We also found that Lactobacillus and Akkermansia were downregulated by DDP combined with TPL. Our results highlight the importance of M2 TAMs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) migration ability, invasiveness, and resistance to DDP. We also preliminarily explored the mechanism governing the reversal of the polarization of M2 macrophages by TPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Le
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lilan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiwen Han
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanying Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuliang Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Collins SL, Oh MH, Sun IH, Chan-Li Y, Zhao L, Powell JD, Horton MR. mTORC1 Signaling Regulates Proinflammatory Macrophage Function and Metabolism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:913-922. [PMID: 34290107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic programming is integrally linked to immune cell function. Nowhere is this clearer than in the differentiation of macrophages. Proinflammatory M1 macrophages primarily use glycolysis as a rapid energy source but also to generate antimicrobial compounds, whereas alternatively activated M2 macrophages primarily rely on oxidative phosphorylation for the longevity required for proper wound healing. mTOR signaling has been demonstrated to be a key regulator of immune cell metabolism and function. mTORC2 signaling is required for the generation of M2 macrophages, whereas the role of mTORC1 signaling, a key regulator of glycolysis, has been controversial. By using genetic deletion of mTORC1 signaling in C57BL/6 mouse macrophages, we observed enhanced M1 macrophage function in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, this enhancement occurred despite a significant defect in M1 macrophage glycolytic metabolism. Mechanistically, enhanced M1 function occurred because of inhibition of the class III histone deacetylases the sirtuins, resulting in enhanced histone acetylation. Our findings provide a counterpoint to the paradigm that enhanced immune cell function must occur in the presence of increased cellular metabolism and identifies a potential, pharmacologic target for the regulation of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Collins
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Min-Hee Oh
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Im-Hong Sun
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yee Chan-Li
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Liang Zhao
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maureen R Horton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;
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Kolliniati O, Ieronymaki E, Vergadi E, Tsatsanis C. Metabolic Regulation of Macrophage Activation. J Innate Immun 2021; 14:51-68. [PMID: 34247159 DOI: 10.1159/000516780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, the central mediators of innate immune responses, being in the first-line of defense, they have to readily respond to pathogenic or tissue damage signals to initiate the inflammatory cascade. Such rapid responses require energy to support orchestrated production of pro-inflammatory mediators and activation of phagocytosis. Being a cell type that is present in diverse environments and conditions, macrophages have to adapt to different nutritional resources. Thus, macrophages have developed plasticity and are capable of utilizing energy at both normoxic and hypoxic conditions and in the presence of varying concentrations of glucose or other nutrients. Such adaptation is reflected on changes in signaling pathways that modulate responses, accounting for the different activation phenotypes observed. Macrophage metabolism has been tightly associated with distinct activation phenotypes within the range of M1-like and M2-like types. In the context of diseases, systemic changes also affect macrophage metabolism, as in diabetes and insulin resistance, which results in altered metabolism and distinct activation phenotypes in the adipose tissue or in the periphery. In the context of solid tumors, tumor-associated macrophages adapt in the hypoxic environment, which results in metabolic changes that are reflected on an activation phenotype that supports tumor growth. Coordination of environmental and pathogenic signals determines macrophage metabolism, which in turn shapes the type and magnitude of the response. Therefore, modulating macrophage metabolism provides a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni Vergadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
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Yang R, Xie Y, Li Q, Ye Y, Shi Y, Zhao X, Wu C, Xu Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Yang X, Han X, Liu S. Ruyiping extract reduces lung metastasis in triple negative breast cancer by regulating macrophage polarization. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111883. [PMID: 34246955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung metastasis of Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) causes severe breath-related events and poor prognosis. Ruyiping (RYP), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used to treat breast cancer lung metastasis in clinical practice. This study was to explore the anti-lung-metastatic activities and mechanism of RYP extract by regulating macrophage polarization. The results showed that RYP can inhibit the viability and induce the apoptosis of TNBC cells. In in vitro experiments, RYP significantly inhibited the invasion and migration ability of TNBC cells promoted by M2, the subtype of macrophage which increased TNBC metastasis related genes. In in vivo experiments, RYP reduced the TNBC progression and lung metastasis. M2/M1 ration in the lung and M2 in the tumor was reduced by RYP, as well as M2 master regulator Stat6. Therefore, RYP extract may exhibit anti-lung metastasis function by reducing M2 in both tumor and lung through reducing Stat6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yiyi Ye
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Youyang Shi
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhao
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Chunyu Wu
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiyun Xu
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianghui Han
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Sheng Liu
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Alpha defensin-1 attenuates surgically induced osteoarthritis in association with promoting M1 to M2 macrophage polarization. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1048-1059. [PMID: 33892137 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophages play an important part in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Our objective was to determine the effects of α-defensin-1 on macrophage polarization and consequently OA. METHODS OA synovial tissue and synovial fluid were assessed for the presence of M1 (CD68+CD16+CD206-) and M2 (CD68+CD206+CD16-) macrophages by flow cytometry. M0, M1, and M2 macrophages were co-cultured with OA chondrocytes to determine their influence on chondrogenic phenotype. Polarization of THP-1 activated monocytes from M1 to M2 in response to α-defensin-1 was evaluated by flow cytometry, RT-PCR and RNA sequencing. Effects of intra-articular α-defensin-1 in vivo were evaluated in a rat meniscal/ligamentous injury (MLI) model. RESULTS The quantity of M1 exceeded M2 polarized macrophages in human OA synovial tissue (mean difference 26.1% [13.6-38.6%], P < 0.001) and fluid (mean difference 10.5% [5.0-16.1%], P = 0.003). M1 to M2 polarization in vitro was most effectively promoted with 10 ng/mL α-defensin-1. Compared with untreated macrophages, the α-defensin-1 polarized macrophages modified co-cultured OA chondrocytes from a pro-catabolic state to a pro-anabolic (regenerative-like) state based on expression of COL2A1, ACN, MMP3, MMP13 and ADAMTS5. Intra-articular α-defensin-1 decreased severity of cartilage damage and synovitis in the MLI rat model. RNAseq analyses suggested insulin and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in the chondroprotective α-defensin-1 mechanism of action. CONCLUSION α-defensin-1 promotes M1 to M2 macrophage polarization in vitro, has beneficial effects on chondrocytes indirectly via M2 macrophage polarization, and attenuates the severity of OA in vivo, suggesting it might be a candidate treatment for OA.
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Wang X, Ji Y, Feng P, Liu R, Li G, Zheng J, Xue Y, Wei Y, Ji C, Chen D, Li J. The m6A Reader IGF2BP2 Regulates Macrophage Phenotypic Activation and Inflammatory Diseases by Stabilizing TSC1 and PPAR γ. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100209. [PMID: 34258163 PMCID: PMC8261491 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic polarization of macrophages is regulated by a milieu of cues in the local tissue microenvironment. Currently, little is known about how the intrinsic regulators modulate proinflammatory (M1) versus prohealing (M2) macrophages activation. Here, it is observed that insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA (mRNA)-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2)-deleted macrophages exhibit enhanced M1 phenotype and promote dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis development. However, the IGF2BP2-/- macrophages are refractory to interleukin-4 (IL-4) induced activation and alleviate cockroach extract induced pulmonary allergic inflammation. Molecular studies indicate that IGF2BP2 switches M1 macrophages to M2 activation by targeting tuberous sclerosis 1 via an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent manner. Additionally, it is also shown a signal transducer and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6)-high mobility group AT-hook 2-IGF2BP2-peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ axis involves in M2 macrophages differentiation. These findings highlight a key role of IGF2BP2 in regulation of macrophages activation and imply a potential therapeutic target of macrophages in the inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yuge Ji
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Panpan Feng
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Rucheng Liu
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yaqiang Xue
- ABLife BioBigData InstituteWuhanHubei430075China
| | - Yaxun Wei
- Center for Genoem AnalysisABLife Inc.WuhanHubei430075China
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Laboratory of Medical ChemistryInterdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Stem CellsUniversity of LiègeCHU, Sart‐TilmanLiège4000Belgium
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
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Yang M, Liu JW, Zhang YT, Wu G. The Role of Renal Macrophage, AIM, and TGF-β1 Expression in Renal Fibrosis Progression in IgAN Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646650. [PMID: 34194427 PMCID: PMC8236720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the expression of macrophages, AIM, TGF-β1 in the kidney of IgAN patients, and to explore the role of macrophages, AIM, TGF-β1 in the progression of renal fibrosis in IgAN patients. Methods The paraffin specimens of renal tissue from 40 IgAN patients were selected as the observation group. At the same time, paraffin specimens of normal renal tissue from 11 patients treated by nephrectomy were selected as the normal control group. We observed the distribution of macrophages, the expression of AIM and TGF-β1 by immunohistochemical staining and/or immunofluorescence. Result The number of M0, M1, M2 macrophages could be found increased in IgAN patients. M0 macrophages are mainly polarized towards M2 macrophages. The expression of AIM and TGF-β1 were significantly higher in IgAN patients than in NC. M2 macrophage, AIM and TGF-β1 were positively correlated with serum creatinine and 24-hour proteinuria, but negatively correlated with eGFR. M2 macrophages, AIM, TGF-β1 were positively correlated with fibrotic area. Conclusion M2 macrophages, AIM and TGF-β1 play important roles in the process of IgAN fibrosis, and the three influence each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Renal Division of Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wei Liu
- Renal Division of Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Ting Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit of The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Renal Division of Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Xi Z, Xu C, Chen X, Wang B, Zhong Z, Sun Q, Sun Y, Bian L. Protocatechuic Acid Suppresses Microglia Activation and Facilitates M1 to M2 Phenotype Switching in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mice. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105765. [PMID: 33813082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Microglia activation, a key process in secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), is divided to M1 and M2 phenotype. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid been proved neuroprotection in ICH without understanding of details. Thus, this study aimed to observe the influence of PCA on microglia activation and explore underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess PCA affected microglia activation in vivo, an experimental ICH mice model was established and then treated with PCA intraperitoneal injection. Immunofluorescence staining was performed in brain slices at day 3 post ICH. BV2 cells were stimulated with hemin for activation, then M1 and M2 biomarkers were analyzed using Western Blot and qPCR. At last, we detected the expression of mTOR and its downstream molecules to discuss possible mechanisms. RESULTS At day 3 post ICH, less activated microglia gathering around hematoma after PCA treatment. Furtherly, in hemin treated BV2 cells, PCA downregulated M1 and promoted M2 biomarkers expression in both mRNA and protein level. PCA inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1, while the inhibition was disappeared after supplemented with mTOR activator. CONCLUSIONS PCA impacted microglia activation by suppressing the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby improving M1/M2 switch and attenuated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Canxin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhihong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingfang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liuguan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Hu Y, Wen J, Zhang B, Xiao H. Precision control of mTORC1 is crucial for the maintenance and IL-13 responsiveness of alveolar macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107552. [PMID: 33743315 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the lung resident macrophages critically involved in pulmonary homeostasis and immune response. Recent researches have uncovered a diversity of regulators responsible for the development, maintenance, and function of AMs. Nevertheless, the molecular underpinnings that determine the developmental and functional specification of AMs remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the role of the TSC1-mTOR pathway in murine AMs by genetic ablating Tsc1 or mTor alleles through Cd11c-Cre or LysM-Cre. Flow cytometry analyses revealed a prominent decrease in AMs in Tsc1f/f-Cd11c-Cre and Tsc1f/f/-LysM-Cre mice. Moreover, a reduction in AMs was also noted in mTorf/f-Cd11c-Cre or Rptorf/f-Cd11c-Cre mice. Further evidence implicated that elevation in cell death, most likely aberrant apoptosis or/and necroptosis, might be attributable to disrupted AM homeostasis. Whereas a diversity of cytokines involved in AM homeostasis and function triggered mTOR activation, only the IL-13 signaling, particularly Jak1 and Stat3 activation, was affected by TSC1 in macrophages. Further, select genes induced by IL-13, including AM surface markers such as Pparg, Fabp4/5, Nfil3 and Car4, and M2 hallmarks such as Arg1, Fizz, Ym1 and Clec7a were fine-tuned by the TSC1-mTOR pathway. Therefore, our results demonstrated that the TSC1-mTOR pathway has a crucial role in the homeostasis and functional specification of AMs through integrating cytokine signaling with metabolic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Hu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Hui Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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81
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Shi L, Tian H, Wang P, Li L, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Spaceflight and simulated microgravity suppresses macrophage development via altered RAS/ERK/NFκB and metabolic pathways. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1489-1502. [PMID: 31900461 PMCID: PMC8167113 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight-associated immune system weakening ultimately limits the ability of humans to expand their presence beyond the earth's orbit. A mechanistic study of microgravity-regulated immune cell function is necessary to overcome this challenge. Here, we demonstrate that both spaceflight (real) and simulated microgravity significantly reduce macrophage differentiation, decrease macrophage quantity and functional polarization, and lead to metabolic reprogramming, as demonstrated by changes in gene expression profiles. Moreover, we identified RAS/ERK/NFκB as a major microgravity-regulated pathway. Exogenous ERK and NFκB activators significantly counteracted the effect of microgravity on macrophage differentiation. In addition, microgravity also affects the p53 pathway, which we verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Collectively, our data reveal a new mechanism for the effects of microgravity on macrophage development and provide potential molecular targets for the prevention or treatment of macrophage differentiation deficiency in spaceflight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongling Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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82
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Ahamad N, Kar A, Mehta S, Dewani M, Ravichandran V, Bhardwaj P, Sharma S, Banerjee R. Immunomodulatory nanosystems for treating inflammatory diseases. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120875. [PMID: 34010755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease (ID) is an umbrella term encompassing all illnesses involving chronic inflammation as the central manifestation of pathogenesis. These include, inflammatory bowel diseases, hepatitis, pulmonary disorders, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, arthritis, periodontitis, psoriasis. The IDs create a severe burden on healthcare and significantly impact the global socio-economic balance. Unfortunately, the standard therapies that rely on a combination of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents are palliative and provide only short-term relief. In contrast, the emerging concept of immunomodulatory nanosystems (IMNs) has the potential to address the underlying causes and prevent reoccurrence, thereby, creating new opportunities for treating IDs. The IMNs offer exquisite ability to precisely modulate the immune system for a therapeutic advantage. The nano-sized dimension of IMNs allows them to efficiently infiltrate lymphatic drainage, interact with immune cells, and subsequently to undergo rapid endocytosis by hyperactive immune cells (HICs) at inflamed sites. Thus, IMNs serve to restore dysfunctional or HICs and alleviate the inflammation. We identified that different IMNs exert their immunomodulatory action via either of the seven mechanisms to modulate; cytokine production, cytokine neutralization, cellular infiltration, macrophage polarization, HICs growth inhibition, stimulating T-reg mediated tolerance and modulating oxidative-stress. In this article, we discussed representative examples of IMNs by highlighting their rationalization, design principle, and mechanism of action in context of treating various IDs. Lastly, we highlighted technical challenges in the application of IMNs and explored the future direction of research, which could potentially help to overcome those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ahamad
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhinanda Kar
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sourabh Mehta
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; IITB-Monash Research Academy IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Mahima Dewani
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Vasanthan Ravichandran
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Prateek Bhardwaj
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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83
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Hu X, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Tang Z, Zhang J, Luo Y, Deng W, Dong Z, Zhao Y, Na N. TSC1 Affects the Process of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Controlling Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637335. [PMID: 33767704 PMCID: PMC7985265 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI), increases morbidity and mortality, and is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Macrophage infiltration is a common feature after renal IRI, and infiltrating macrophages can be polarized into the following two distinct types: M1 macrophages, i.e., classically activated macrophages, which can not only inhibit infection but also accelerate renal injury, and M2 macrophages, i.e., alternatively activated macrophages, which have a repair phenotype that can promote wound healing and subsequent fibrosis. The role of TSC1, which is a negative regulator of mTOR signaling that regulates macrophage polarization in inflammation-linked diseases, has been well documented, but whether TSC1 contributes to macrophage polarization in the process of IRI is still unknown. Here, by using a mouse model of renal ischemia-reperfusion, we found that myeloid cell-specific TSC1 knockout mice (termed Lyz-TSC1 cKO mice) had higher serum creatinine levels, more severe histological damage, and greater proinflammatory cytokine production than wild-type (WT) mice during the early phase after renal ischemia-reperfusion. Furthermore, the Lyz-TSC1 cKO mice showed attenuated renal fibrosis during the repair phase of IRI with decreased levels of M2 markers on macrophages in the operated kidneys, which was further confirmed in a cell model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro. Mechanistically, by using RNA sequencing of sorted renal macrophages, we found that the expression of most M1-related genes was upregulated in the Lyz-TSC1 cKO group (Supplemental Table 1) during the early phase. However, C/EBPβ and CD206 expression was decreased during the repair phase compared to in the WT group. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the expression of TSC1 in macrophages contributes to the whole process of IRI but serves as an inflammation suppressor during the early phase and a fibrosis promoter during the repair phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zuofu Tang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You Luo
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Deng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanwen Dong
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Na
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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84
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Bai JY, Li Y, Xue GH, Li KR, Zheng YF, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Q, Liu YY, Zhou XZ, Cao C. Requirement of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in interleukin-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response. Theranostics 2021; 11:4894-4909. [PMID: 33754034 PMCID: PMC7978294 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-4 induces Akt activation in macrophages, required for full M2 (alternative) polarization. We examined the roles of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in M2 polarization using multiple genetic methods. Methods and Results: In MEFs and primary murine BMDMs, Gαi1/3 shRNA, knockout or dominant negative mutations attenuated IL-4-induced IL4Rα endocytosis, Gab1 recruitment as well as Akt activation, leaving STAT6 signaling unaffected. Following IL-4 stimulation, Gαi1/3 proteins associated with the intracellular domain of IL-4Rα and the APPL1 adaptor, to mediate IL-4Rα endosomal traffic and Gab1-Akt activation in BMDMs. In contrast, gene silencing of Gαi1/3 with shRNA or knockout resulted in BMDMs that were refractory to IL-4-induced M2 polarization. Conversely, Gαi1/3-overexpressed BMDMs displayed preferred M2 response with IL-4 stimulation. In primary human macrophages IL-4-induced Akt activation and Th2 genes expression were inhibited with Gαi1/3 silencing, but augmented with Gαi1/3 overexpression. In Gαi1/3 double knockout (DKO) mice, M2 polarization, by injection of IL-4 complex or chitin, was potently inhibited. Moreover, in a murine model of asthma, ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness were largely impaired in Gαi1/3 DKO mice. Conclusion: These findings highlight novel and essential roles for Gαi1/3 in regulating IL-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response.
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85
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Wang R, Zhang S, Yang Z, Zheng Y, Yan F, Tao Z, Fan J, Zhao H, Han Z, Luo Y. Mutant erythropoietin enhances white matter repair via the JAK2/STAT3 and C/EBPβ pathway in middle-aged mice following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Exp Neurol 2021; 337:113553. [PMID: 33309747 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that EPO maintains the M2 microglia phenotype that contributes to white matter repair after ischemic stroke in young mice (2 months old). However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate microglial polarization are poorly defined. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of nonerythropoietic mutant EPO (MEPO) on white matter and the underlying mechanism in middle-aged (9-month-old) male mice following cerebral ischemia. Middle-aged male C57 BL/6 mice were treated with MEPO (5000 IU/kg) or vehicle after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. The specific inhibitor AG490 was used to block the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Neurological function was assessed by beam walking and adhesive removal tests. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to assess the severity of white matter injury, phenotypic changes in the microglia and the expression of the signaling molecules. MEPO significantly improved neurobehavioral outcomes, alleviated brain tissue loss, and ameliorated white matter injury after MCAO compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, MEPO promoted oligodendrogenesis by shifting microglia toward M2 polarization by promoting JAK2/STAT3 activation and inhibiting the expression of C/EBPβ at 14 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, the MEPO's effect on microglial M2 polarization and oligodendrogenesis was largely suppressed by AG490 treatment. Collectively, these data indicate that MEPO treatment improves white matter integrity after cerebral ischemia, which may be partly explained by MEPO facilitating microglia toward the beneficial M2 phenotype to promote oligodendrogenesis via JAK2/STAT3 and the C/EBPβ signaling pathway. This study provides novel insight into MEPO treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhenhong Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China.
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86
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A data-driven computational model enables integrative and mechanistic characterization of dynamic macrophage polarization. iScience 2021; 24:102112. [PMID: 33659877 PMCID: PMC7895754 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are highly plastic immune cells that dynamically integrate microenvironmental signals to shape their own functional phenotypes, a process known as polarization. Here we develop a large-scale mechanistic computational model that for the first time enables a systems-level characterization, from quantitative, temporal, dose-dependent, and single-cell perspectives, of macrophage polarization driven by a complex multi-pathway signaling network. The model was extensively calibrated and validated against literature and focused on in-house experimental data. Using the model, we generated dynamic phenotype maps in response to numerous combinations of polarizing signals; we also probed into an in silico population of model-based macrophages to examine the impact of polarization continuum at the single-cell level. Additionally, we analyzed the model under an in vitro condition of peripheral arterial disease to evaluate strategies that can potentially induce therapeutic macrophage repolarization. Our model is a key step toward the future development of a network-centric, comprehensive "virtual macrophage" simulation platform.
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87
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Mallela K, Kumar A. Role of TSC1 in physiology and diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2269-2282. [PMID: 33575875 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since its initial discovery as the gene altered in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), an autosomal dominant disorder, the interest in TSC1 (Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1) has steadily risen. TSC1, an essential component of the pro-survival PI3K/AKT/MTOR signaling pathway, plays an important role in processes like development, cell growth and proliferation, survival, autophagy and cilia development by co-operating with a variety of regulatory molecules. Recent studies have emphasized the tumor suppressive role of TSC1 in several human cancers including liver, lung, bladder, breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers. TSC1 perceives inputs from various signaling pathways, including TNF-α/IKK-β, TGF-β-Smad2/3, AKT/Foxo/Bim, Wnt/β-catenin/Notch, and MTOR/Mdm2/p53 axis, thereby regulating cancer cell proliferation, metabolism, migration, invasion, and immune regulation. This review provides a first comprehensive evaluation of TSC1 and illuminates its diverse functions apart from its involvement in TSC genetic disorder. Further, we have summarized the physiological functions of TSC1 in various cellular events and conditions whose dysregulation may lead to several pathological manifestations including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Mallela
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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88
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Huang XH, Ma Y, Lou H, Chen N, Zhang T, Wu LY, Chen YJ, Zheng MM, Lou YL, Xie DL. The Role of TSC1 in the Macrophages Against Vibrio vulnificus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:596609. [PMID: 33585271 PMCID: PMC7873526 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.596609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) is an estuarine bacterium that is capable of causing rapidly fatal infection in humans. Proper polarization and bactericidal activity of macrophages play essential roles in defending against invading pathogens. How macrophages limit V. vulnificus infection remains not well understood. Here we report that tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) is crucial for the regulation of V. vulnificus-induced macrophage polarization, bacterial clearance, and cell death. Mice with myeloid-specific deletion of TSC1 exhibit a significant reduction of survival time after V. vulnificus infection. V. vulnificus infection induces both M1 and M2 polarization. However, TSC1 deficient macrophages show enhanced M1 response to V. vulnificus infection. Interestedly, the absence of TSC1 in myeloid cells results in impaired bacterial clearance both in vivo and in vitro after V. vulnificus infection. Inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity significantly reverses V. vulnificus-induced hypersensitive M1 response and resistant bactericidal activity both in wild-type and TSC1-deficient macrophages. Moreover, V. vulnificus infection causes cell death of macrophages, possibly contributes to defective of bacterial clearance, which also exhibits in a mTORC1-dependent manner. These findings highlight an essential role for the TSC1-mTOR signaling in the regulation of innate immunity against V. vulnificus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Hui Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Infection and Immunity, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dong Yang People's Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Han Lou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Ying Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Liang Lou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Infection and Immunity, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan-Li Xie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Infection and Immunity, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
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89
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Yu S, Lv Z, Gao Z, Shi J, Sheng Q, Zheng L, Zhou J, Wang X. Hydrogen Promotes the M1 Macrophage Conversion During the Polarization of Macrophages in Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:710382. [PMID: 34869093 PMCID: PMC8635714 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.710382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydrogen is protective against intestinal injury in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), mainly through to alleviate inflammation response. The M1 macrophages can promote inflammation. We hypothesized that hydrogen would promote the M1 macrophages conversion during the polarization and reduce the inflammatory factors in NEC. Methods: We used M1 and M2 macrophages induced from RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages, models of NEC and macrophages derived from spleens, abdominal lymph nodes and lamina propria in model mice. Cytokines, CD16/32 and CD206 were measured by quantitative PCR, flow cytometry. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were determined by western blot. Histology staining were used to assess the severity of NEC. Results: Macrophages were successfully polarized to M1 or M2 by assessing the expression of inflammatory factors. Pro-inflammatory factors and CD16/32 in M1 macrophages were decreased, and the expression of CD16/32 in lamina propria were inhibited after treatment with hydrogen, but the changes has no effects in other tissues. Hydrogen inhibited the NF-κB p65 in M1 macrophages nucleus and distal ileum of NEC. HE staining showed hydrogen could attenuate the severity of NEC. Conclusion: Hydrogen could attenuate the severity of NEC through promoting M1 macrophages conversion by inhibited the expression of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - ZhiBao Lv
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimei Gao
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmei Zhou
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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90
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Dangi A, Natesh NR, Husain I, Ji Z, Barisoni L, Kwun J, Shen X, Thorp EB, Luo X. Single cell transcriptomics of mouse kidney transplants reveals a myeloid cell pathway for transplant rejection. JCI Insight 2020; 5:141321. [PMID: 32970632 PMCID: PMC7605544 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells are increasingly recognized as major players in transplant rejection. Here, we used a murine kidney transplantation model and single cell transcriptomics to dissect the contribution of myeloid cell subsets and their potential signaling pathways to kidney transplant rejection. Using a variety of bioinformatic techniques, including machine learning, we demonstrate that kidney allograft–infiltrating myeloid cells followed a trajectory of differentiation from monocytes to proinflammatory macrophages, and they exhibited distinct interactions with kidney allograft parenchymal cells. While this process correlated with a unique pattern of myeloid cell transcripts, a top gene identified was Axl, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family Tyro3/Axl/Mertk (TAM). Using kidney transplant recipients with Axl gene deficiency, we further demonstrate that Axl augmented intragraft differentiation of proinflammatory macrophages, likely via its effect on the transcription factor Cebpb. This, in turn, promoted intragraft recruitment, differentiation, and proliferation of donor-specific T cells, and it enhanced early allograft inflammation evidenced by histology. We conclude that myeloid cell Axl expression identified by single cell transcriptomics of kidney allografts in our study plays a major role in promoting intragraft myeloid cell and T cell differentiation, and it presents a potentially novel therapeutic target for controlling kidney allograft rejection and improving kidney allograft survival. In a murine model of allogeneic kidney transplantation, single-cell transcriptomics identifies that myeloid cell Axl expression promotes allograft rejection by inducing inflammatory macrophage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Dangi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Naveen R Natesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Irma Husain
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhicheng Ji
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
| | | | - Jean Kwun
- Department of Surgery, and.,Duke Transplant Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xunrong Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Duke Transplant Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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91
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Menga A, Serra M, Todisco S, Riera‐Domingo C, Ammarah U, Ehling M, Palmieri EM, Di Noia MA, Gissi R, Favia M, Pierri CL, Porporato PE, Castegna A, Mazzone M. Glufosinate constrains synchronous and metachronous metastasis by promoting anti-tumor macrophages. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11210. [PMID: 32885605 PMCID: PMC7539200 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) generates glutamine from glutamate and controls the release of inflammatory mediators. In macrophages, GS activity, driven by IL10, associates to the acquisition of M2-like functions. Conditional deletion of GS in macrophages inhibits metastasis by boosting the formation of anti-tumor, M1-like, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). From this basis, we evaluated the pharmacological potential of GS inhibitors in targeting metastasis, identifying glufosinate as a specific human GS inhibitor. Glufosinate was tested in both cultured macrophages and on mice bearing metastatic lung, skin and breast cancer. We found that glufosinate rewires macrophages toward an M1-like phenotype both at the primary tumor and metastatic site, countering immunosuppression and promoting vessel sprouting. This was also accompanied to a reduction in cancer cell intravasation and extravasation, leading to synchronous and metachronous metastasis growth inhibition, but no effects on primary tumor growth. Glufosinate treatment was well-tolerated, without liver and brain toxicity, nor hematopoietic defects. These results identify GS as a druggable enzyme to rewire macrophage functions and highlight the potential of targeting metabolic checkpoints in macrophages to treat cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Menga
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)VIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisDepartment of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health ScienceMolecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Marina Serra
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)VIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisDepartment of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of SciencesUniversity of BasilicataPotenzaItaly
| | - Carla Riera‐Domingo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)VIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisDepartment of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ummi Ammarah
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health ScienceMolecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Manuel Ehling
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)VIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisDepartment of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Erika M Palmieri
- Cancer & Inflammation ProgramNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA
| | | | - Rosanna Gissi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Maria Favia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Ciro L Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health ScienceMolecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Alessandra Castegna
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of BariBariItaly
- IBIOM‐CNRInstitute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular BiotechnologiesNational Research CouncilBariItaly
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)VIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisDepartment of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health ScienceMolecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
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92
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Alannan M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Trézéguet V, Merched A. Targeting Lipid Metabolism in Liver Cancer. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3951-3964. [PMID: 32930581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are highly dependent on different metabolic pathways for sustaining their survival, growth, and proliferation. Lipid metabolism not only provides the energetic needs of the cells but also provides the raw material for cellular growth and the signaling molecules for many oncogenic pathways. Mainly processed in the liver, lipids play an essential role in the physiology of this organ and in the pathological progression of many diseases such as metabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The progression of HCC is associated with inflammation and complex metabolic reprogramming, and its prognosis remains poor because of the lack of effective therapies despite many years of dedicated research. Defects in hepatic lipid metabolism induce abnormal gene expression and rewire many cellular pathways involved in oncogenesis and metastasis, implying that interfering with lipid metabolism within the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment may be a novel therapeutic approach for treating liver cancer patients. Therefore, this review focuses on the latest advances in drugs targeting lipid metabolism and leading to promising outcomes in preclinical studies and some ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Alannan
- miRCaDe team, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BMGIC, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Rafik Hariri Campus, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Véronique Trézéguet
- miRCaDe team, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BMGIC, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Aksam Merched
- miRCaDe team, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BMGIC, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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93
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Wang Y, Han B, Wang Y, Wang C, Zhang H, Xue J, Wang X, Niu T, Niu Z, Chen Y. Mesenchymal stem cell-secreted extracellular vesicles carrying TGF-β1 up-regulate miR-132 and promote mouse M2 macrophage polarization. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12750-12764. [PMID: 32965772 PMCID: PMC7686990 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on different types of diseases are controversial, and the inner mechanisms remain unknown, which retards the utilization of MSCs in disease therapy. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of MSCs-extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in M2 polarization in mouse macrophages via the microRNA-132 (miR-132)/E3 ubiquitin ligase myc binding protein 2 (Mycbp2)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) axis. Mouse MSCs were isolated for adipogenic and osteogenic induction, followed by co-culture with mouse macrophages RAW264.7. Besides, mouse macrophages RAW264.7 were co-cultured with MSCs-EVs in vitro, where the proportion of macrophages and inflammation were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. The experimental data revealed that MSCs-EVs promoted M2 polarization of macrophages, and elevated interleukin (IL)-10 expression and inhibited levels of IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6. MSC-EV-treated macrophages RAW264.7 increased TGF-β1 expression, thus elevating miR-132 expression. MiR-132 directly bound to Mycbp2, as confirmed by luciferase activity assay. Meanwhile, E3 ubiquitin ligase Mycbp2 could ubiquitinate TSC2 protein. Furthermore, silencing TGF-β1 inhibited M2 polarization of MSC-EV-treated macrophages. Taken conjointly, this study provides evidence reporting that MSC-secreted EVs carry TGF-β1 to promote M2 polarization of macrophages via modulation of the miR-132/Mycbp2/TSC2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Biao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingting Niu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Niu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhe Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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94
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Tian R, Wang P, Huang L, Li C, Lu Z, Lu Z, Wu A, Bao K, Mao W, Huang Q, Xu P. Sanqi Oral Solution Ameliorates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Reducing Apoptosis and Enhancing Autophagy: Involvement of ERK/mTOR Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537147. [PMID: 33041791 PMCID: PMC7525120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.537147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant health problem with high morbidity and mortality, yet prophylaxis strategies and effective drugs are limited. Sanqi oral solution (SQ) is a formulated medicine widely used in clinical settings to treat various renal diseases via enriching qi and activating blood circulation while its role on I/R-AKI remains unclear. Herein, by establishing rat I/R-AKI models, we intended to investigate the effect of SQ on the prevention of I/R-AKI and explore its underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that SQ treatment significantly attenuated renal dysfunction of I/R-AKI, alleviated histological damages, inhibited renal apoptosis, and enhanced autophagy. Further investigation proved that SQ could significantly inhibit the activation of ERK and mTOR signaling pathways. Moreover, its renoprotective effect can be abolished by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Collectively, our results suggest that SQ exerts renoprotective effects on renal I/R injury via reducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy, which are associated with regulating ERK/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinchao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingming Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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95
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Jeon S, Kim TK, Jeong SJ, Jung IH, Kim N, Lee MN, Sonn SK, Seo S, Jin J, Kweon HY, Kim S, Shim D, Park YM, Lee SH, Kim KW, Cybulsky MI, Shim H, Roh TY, Park WY, Lee HO, Choi JH, Park SH, Oh GT. Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Soluble Ninjurin-1 Ameliorate Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2020; 142:1736-1751. [PMID: 32883094 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages produce many inflammation-associated molecules, released by matrix metalloproteinases, such as adhesion molecules, and cytokines, as well, which play a crucial role in atherosclerosis. In this context, we investigated the relationship between Ninjurin-1 (Ninj1 [nerve injury-induced protein]), a novel matrix metalloproteinase 9 substrate, expression, and atherosclerosis progression. METHODS Ninj1 expression and atherosclerosis progression were assessed in atherosclerotic aortic tissue and serum samples from patients with coronary artery disease and healthy controls, and atheroprone apolipoprotein e-deficient (Apoe-/-) and wild-type mice, as well. Apoe-/- mice lacking systemic Ninj1 expression (Ninj1-/-Apoe-/-) were generated to assess the functional effects of Ninj1. Bone marrow transplantation was also used to generate low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice that lack Ninj1 specifically in bone marrow-derived cells. Mice were fed a Western diet for 5 to 23 weeks, and atherosclerotic lesions were investigated. The anti-inflammatory role of Ninj1 was verified by treating macrophages and mice with the peptides Ninj11-56 (ML56) and Ninj126-37 (PN12), which mimic the soluble form of Ninj1 (sNinj1). RESULTS Our in vivo results conclusively showed a correlation between Ninj1 expression in aortic macrophages and the extent of human and mouse atherosclerotic lesions. Ninj1-deficient macrophages promoted proinflammatory gene expression by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase and inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Whole-body and bone marrow-specific Ninj1 deficiencies significantly increased monocyte recruitment and macrophage accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions through elevated macrophage-mediated inflammation. Macrophage Ninj1 was directly cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase 9 to generate a soluble form that exhibited antiatherosclerotic effects, as assessed in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with the sNinj1-mimetic peptides, ML56 and PN12, reduced proinflammatory gene expression in human and mouse classically activated macrophages, thereby attenuating monocyte transendothelial migration. Moreover, continuous administration of mPN12 alleviated atherosclerosis by inhibiting the enhanced monocyte recruitment and inflammation characteristics of this disorder in mice, regardless of the presence of Ninj1. CONCLUSIONS Ninj1 is a novel matrix metalloproteinase 9 substrate in macrophages, and sNinj1 is a secreted atheroprotective protein that regulates macrophage inflammation and monocyte recruitment in atherosclerosis. Moreover, sNinj1-mediated anti-inflammatory effects are conserved in human macrophages and likely contribute to human atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejin Jeon
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Kyeong Kim
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.-J.J., I.-H.J.)
| | - In-Hyuk Jung
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (S.-J.J., I.-H.J.)
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.).,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.)
| | - Mi-Ni Lee
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Sonn
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jing Jin
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyae Yon Kweon
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sinai Kim
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dahee Shim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (D.S., J.-H.C.)
| | - Young Mi Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.M.P.)
| | - Sang-Hak Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-H.L.)
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (K.-W.K.)
| | - Myron I Cybulsky
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (M.I.C.)
| | - Hyunbo Shim
- Departments of Bioinspired Science and Life Science (H.S.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea (T.-Y.R.)
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.).,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.)
| | - Hae-Ock Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.).,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea (N.K., W.-Y.P., H.-O.L.)
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (D.S., J.-H.C.)
| | - Sung Ho Park
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Korea (S.H.P.)
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences (S.J., T.K.K., M.-N.L., S.-K.S., S.S., J.J., H.Y.K., S.K., G.T.O.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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96
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Malekghasemi S, Majidi J, Baghbanzadeh A, Abdolalizadeh J, Baradaran B, Aghebati-Maleki L. Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Protumoral Macrophages in Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:556-565. [PMID: 33062602 PMCID: PMC7539304 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment consists of malignant and non-malignant cells. The interaction of these dynamic and different cells is responsible for tumor progression at different levels. The non-malignant cells in TME contain cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), cancer associated fibroblasts, pericytes, adipocytes, T cells, B cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), dendritic cells (DCs) and Vascular endothelial cells. TAMs are abundant in most human and murine cancers and their presence are associated with poor prognosis. The major event in tumor microenvironment is macrophage polarization into tumor-suppressive M1 or tumor-promoting M2 types. Although much evidence suggests that TAMS are primarily M2-like macrophages, the mechanism responsible for polarization into M1 and M2 macrophages remain unclear. TAM contributes cancer cell motility, invasion, metastases and angiogenesis. The relationship between TAM and tumor cells lead to used them as a diagnostic marker, therapeutic target and prognosis of cancer. This review presents the origin, polarization, role of TAMs in inflammation, metastasis, immune evasion and angiogenesis as well as they can be used as therapeutic target in variety of cancer cells. It is obvious that additional substantial and preclinical research is needed to support the effectiveness and applicability of this new and promising strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaiyeh Malekghasemi
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, TR-06100, Turkey
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, TR-06100, Turkey
| | - Jalal Abdolalizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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97
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OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16616-16625. [PMID: 32601203 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916121117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced inflammation is believed to contribute to overnutrition-induced metabolic disturbance. Nutrient flux has also been shown to be essential for immune cell activation. Here, we report an unexpected role of nutrient-sensing O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) signaling in suppressing macrophage proinflammatory activation and preventing diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Overnutrition stimulates an increase in O-GlcNAc signaling in macrophages. O-GlcNAc signaling is down-regulated during macrophage proinflammatory activation. Suppressing O-GlcNAc signaling by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) knockout enhances macrophage proinflammatory polarization, promotes adipose tissue inflammation and lipolysis, increases lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues, and exacerbates tissue-specific and whole-body insulin resistance in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. OGT inhibits macrophage proinflammatory activation by catalyzing ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) O-GlcNAcylation and suppressing S6K1 phosphorylation and mTORC1 signaling. These findings thus identify macrophage O-GlcNAc signaling as a homeostatic mechanism maintaining whole-body metabolism under overnutrition.
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98
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Tabatabaei N, Hou S, Kim KW, Tahmasebi S. Signaling pathways that control mRNA translation initiation in macrophages. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109700. [PMID: 32593651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translational control in mammalian cells plays a critical role in regulating differentiation, cell growth, cell cycle and response to diverse stresses. Macrophages are one of the most versatile cell types in the body. They are professional phagocytic cells that can be found in almost all tissues and adapt tissue-specific functions. Recent studies highlight the importance of translational control in macrophages during invasion of pathogens, exposure to cytokines and in the context of tissue specific functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of mRNA translational control in regulation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Tabatabaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shikun Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ki-Wook Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Soroush Tahmasebi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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99
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Yu Q, Wang Y, Dong L, He Y, Liu R, Yang Q, Cao Y, Wang Y, Jia A, Bi Y, Liu G. Regulations of Glycolytic Activities on Macrophages Functions in Tumor and Infectious Inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:287. [PMID: 32596169 PMCID: PMC7303283 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages differentiated into a classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated phenotype (M2) in infection and tumor, but the precise effects of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic pathway remain unclear. Herein, the effects of glycolysis or OXPHOS on macrophage polarizations were investigated using a pharmacological approach in mice. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) treatments, which blocks the key enzyme hexokinase of glycolysis, efficiently inhibits a specific switch to M1 lineage, decreasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and expressions of co-stimulatory molecules associated with relieving infectious inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Glycolytic activation through the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway was required for differentiation to the M1 phenotype, which conferred protection against infection. Dimethyl malonate (DMM) treatment, which blocks the key element succinate of OXPHOS, efficiently inhibits a specific switch to M2 lineage when macrophages receiving M2 stimulation, decreasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine and CD206 expressions. Mitochondrial dynamic alterations including mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential (Dym) and ROS productions were critically for differentiation to the M2 phenotype, which conferred protection against anti-tumor immunity. Glycolysis is also required for macrophage M2 differentiation. Thus, these data provide a basis for a comprehensively understanding the role of glycolysis and OXPHOS in macrophage differentiation during anti-infection and anti-tumor inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yejin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Chen B, Gao A, Tu B, Wang Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Xiu Y, Wang B, Wan Y, Huang Y. Metabolic modulation via mTOR pathway and anti-angiogenesis remodels tumor microenvironment using PD-L1-targeting codelivery. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120187. [PMID: 32590192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) closely affects cancer progression by promoting cancer cell survival and proliferation, drug resistance, metastasis, and immunosuppression as well. Remodeling TME is a promising therapeutic strategy for anticancer. mTOR signaling is an essential regulator for cellular metabolism and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) repolarization. There is an integrated crosstalk among mTOR/metabolism/immunity. Angiogenesis can also regulate metabolism and immunity. Based on these, a potential therapeutic avenue was developed by targeting mTOR and angiogenesis to remodel tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). A dual-targeting delivery liposomal system was designed with dual-modification of PD-L1 nanobody and mannose ligands for co-delivering an mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) and an anti-angiogenic drug (regorafenib). The liposomes were able to target both TAMs and cancer cells that overexpressed PD-L1 and mannose receptors. The liposomes efficiently reduced glycolysis, repolarized TAMs, inhibited angiogenesis, reprogrammed immune cells, and consequently arrested tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binfan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingshu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanfeng Xiu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yakun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, China; Zhongshan Branch, the Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China.
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