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Xu DB, Gao SQ, Ma YN, Wang XT, Feng L, Li LC, Xu ZS, Chen YF, Chen M, Ma YZ. The G-Protein β Subunit AGB1 Promotes Hypocotyl Elongation through Inhibiting Transcription Activation Function of BBX21 in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:1206-1223. [PMID: 28827171 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypocotyl development in Arabidopsis thaliana is regulated by light and endogenous hormonal cues, making it an ideal model to study the interplay between light and endogenous growth regulators. BBX21, a B-box (BBX)-like zinc-finger transcription factor, integrates light and abscisic acid signals to regulate hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis. Heterotrimeric G-proteins are pivotal regulators of plant development. The short hypocotyl phenotype of the G-protein β-subunit (AGB1) mutant (agb1-2) has been previously identified, but the precise role of AGB1 in hypocotyl elongation remains enigmatic. Here, we show that AGB1 directly interacts with BBX21, and the short hypocotyl phenotype of agb1-2 is partially suppressed in agb1-2bbx21-1 double mutant. BBX21 functions in the downstream of AGB1 and overexpression of BBX21 in agb1-2 causes a more pronounced reduction in hypocotyl length, indicating that AGB1 plays an oppositional role in relation to BBX21 during hypocotyl development. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the C-terminal region of BBX21 is important for both its intracellular localization and its transcriptional activation activity that is inhibited by interaction with AGB1. ChIP assays showed that BBX21 specifically associates with its own promoter and with those of BBX22, HY5, and GA2ox1. which is not altered in agb1-2. These data suggest that the AGB1-BBX21 interaction only affects the transcriptional activation activity of BBX21 but has no effect on its DNA binding ability. Taken together, our data demonstrate that AGB1 positively promotes hypocotyl elongation through repressing BBX21 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Bei Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Qianhu Houcun, Zhongshanmen Wai, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210014, PR China
| | - Shi-Qing Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Ya-Nan Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lu Feng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lian-Cheng Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao-Feng Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
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Ezer D, Jung JH, Lan H, Biswas S, Gregoire L, Box MS, Charoensawan V, Cortijo S, Lai X, Stöckle D, Zubieta C, Jaeger KE, Wigge PA. The evening complex coordinates environmental and endogenous signals in Arabidopsis. NATURE PLANTS 2017; 3:17087. [PMID: 28650433 PMCID: PMC5495178 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants maximize their fitness by adjusting their growth and development in response to signals such as light and temperature. The circadian clock provides a mechanism for plants to anticipate events such as sunrise and adjust their transcriptional programmes. However, the underlying mechanisms by which plants coordinate environmental signals with endogenous pathways are not fully understood. Using RNA-sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing experiments, we show that the evening complex (EC) of the circadian clock plays a major role in directly coordinating the expression of hundreds of key regulators of photosynthesis, the circadian clock, phytohormone signalling, growth and response to the environment. We find that the ability of the EC to bind targets genome-wide depends on temperature. In addition, co-occurrence of phytochrome B (phyB) at multiple sites where the EC is bound provides a mechanism for integrating environmental information. Hence, our results show that the EC plays a central role in coordinating endogenous and environmental signals in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Ezer
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Jae-Hoon Jung
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Hui Lan
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Surojit Biswas
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Laura Gregoire
- LPCV, CNRS, CEA, INRA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathew S. Box
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, and Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) center, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sandra Cortijo
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Xuelei Lai
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
- LPCV, CNRS, CEA, INRA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Dorothee Stöckle
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Chloe Zubieta
- LPCV, CNRS, CEA, INRA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Katja E. Jaeger
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Philip A. Wigge
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
- Correspondence to:
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Kasulin L, Rowan BA, León RJC, Schuenemann VJ, Weigel D, Botto JF. A single haplotype hyposensitive to light and requiring strong vernalization dominates Arabidopsis thaliana populations in Patagonia, Argentina. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:3389-3404. [PMID: 28316114 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The growing collection of sequenced or genotyped Arabidopsis thaliana accessions includes mostly individuals from the native Eurasian and N. African range and introduced North American populations. Here, we describe the genetic and phenotypic diversity, along with habitats and life history, of A. thaliana plants collected at the southernmost end of its worldwide distribution. Seed samples were harvested from plants growing in four sites within a ~3500-km2 -area in Patagonia, Argentina, and represent the first germplasm to be collected in South America for this species. Whole-genome resequencing revealed that plants from the four sites and a Patagonia herbarium specimen collected in 1967 formed a single haplogroup (Pat), indicating that the phenotypic variation observed in the field reflected plastic responses to the environment. admixture and principal components analyses suggest that the ancestor of the Pat haplogroup either came from Italy or the Balkan/Caucasus regions of Eurasia. In the laboratory, plants from the Pat haplogroup were hyposensitive to continuous red (Rc) and shade light, with corresponding changes in the expression of phytochrome signalling genes. Pat had higher PIF3 and PIF5 and lower HY5 expression under Rc light; and lower expression of PIL1, ATHB2 and HFR1 under shade compared to Col-0. In addition, Pat plants had a strong vernalization requirement associated with high levels of FLC expression. We conclude that including Pat in studies of natural variation and in comparison with other introduced populations will provide additional information for association studies and allow for a more detailed assessment of the demographic events following colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Kasulin
- Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beth A Rowan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rolando J C León
- Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verena J Schuenemann
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, 72070, Tübingen, Germany.,Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoecology, University of Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Javier F Botto
- Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kiełbowicz-Matuk A, Czarnecka J, Banachowicz E, Rey P, Rorat T. Solanum tuberosum ZPR1 encodes a light-regulated nuclear DNA-binding protein adjusting the circadian expression of StBBX24 to light cycle. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:424-440. [PMID: 27928822 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ZPR1 proteins belong to the C4-type of zinc finger coordinators known in animal cells to interact with other proteins and participate in cell growth and proliferation. In contrast, the current knowledge regarding plant ZPR1 proteins is very scarce. Here, we identify a novel potato nuclear factor belonging to this family and named StZPR1. StZPR1 is specifically expressed in photosynthetic organs during the light period, and the ZPR1 protein is located in the nuclear chromatin fraction. From modelling and experimental analyses, we reveal the StZPR1 ability to bind the circadian DNA cis motif 'CAACAGCATC', named CIRC and present in the promoter of the clock-controlled double B-box StBBX24 gene, the expression of which peaks in the middle of the day. We found that transgenic lines silenced for StZPR1 expression still display a 24 h period for the oscillation of StBBX24 expression but delayed by 4 h towards the night. Importantly, other BBX genes exhibit altered circadian regulation in these lines. Our data demonstrate that StZPR1 allows fitting of the StBBX24 circadian rhythm to the light period and provide evidence that ZPR1 is a novel clock-associated protein in plants necessary for the accurate rhythmic expression of specific circadian-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagoda Czarnecka
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Banachowicz
- Molecular Biophysics Department, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Pascal Rey
- CEA, DRF, BIAM, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale & Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Tadeusz Rorat
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
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Franciosini A, Rymen B, Shibata M, Favero DS, Sugimoto K. Molecular networks orchestrating plant cell growth. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 35:98-104. [PMID: 27918942 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell growth can broadly be categorized into either diffuse or tip growth. Here we compare gene regulatory networks (GRNs) controlling growth of hypocotyls and root hairs as examples for diffuse and tip growth, respectively. Accumulating evidence shows that GRNs in both cell types are multi-layered in structure and fine-tuned by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. We discuss how these GRNs regulate the expression of proteins controlling cell wall remodeling or other growth regulatory processes. Finally, we highlight how specific regulators within GRNs adjust plant cell growth in response to variable environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Franciosini
- RIKEN CSRS, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Bart Rymen
- RIKEN CSRS, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Michitaro Shibata
- RIKEN CSRS, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - David S Favero
- RIKEN CSRS, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- RIKEN CSRS, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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Yang C, Li L. Hormonal Regulation in Shade Avoidance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1527. [PMID: 28928761 PMCID: PMC5591575 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
At high vegetation density, shade-intolerant plants sense a reduction in the red (660 nm) to far-red (730 nm) light ratio (R/FR) in addition to a general reduction in light intensity. These light signals trigger a spectrum of morphological changes manifested by growth of stem-like tissue (hypocotyl, petiole, etc.) instead of harvestable organs (leaves, fruits, seeds, etc.)-namely, shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). Common phenotypical changes related to SAS are changes in leaf hyponasty, an increase in hypocotyl and internode elongation and extended petioles. Prolonged shade exposure leads to early flowering, less branching, increased susceptibility to insect herbivory, and decreased seed yield. Thus, shade avoidance significantly impacts on agronomic traits. Many genetic and molecular studies have revealed that phytochromes, cryptochromes and UVR8 (UV-B photoreceptor protein) monitor the changes in light intensity under shade and regulate the stability or activity of phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs). PIF-governed modulation of the expression of auxin biosynthesis, transporter and signaling genes is the major driver for shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. Besides auxin, gibberellins, brassinosteroids, and ethylene are also required for shade-induced hypocotyl or petiole elongation growth. In leaves, accumulated auxin stimulates cytokinin oxidase expression to break down cytokinins and inhibit leaf growth. In the young buds, shade light promotes the accumulation of abscisic acid to repress branching. Shade light also represses jasmonate- and salicylic acid-induced defense responses to balance resource allocation between growth and defense. Here we will summarize recent findings relating to such hormonal regulation in SAS in Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, and certain crops.
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Swain S, Jiang HW, Hsieh HL. FAR-RED INSENSITIVE 219/JAR1 Contributes to Shade Avoidance Responses of Arabidopsis Seedlings by Modulating Key Shade Signaling Components. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1901. [PMID: 29163619 PMCID: PMC5673645 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To receive an ample amount of light, plants use elongation growth in response to vegetation shade. The combined interaction of light and hormones, including jasmonic acid (JA) signaling controls this elongation. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the response are still emerging. FAR-RED INSENSITIVE 219/JASMONATE RESISTANCE 1 (FIN219/JAR1), a cytoplasmic localized JA-conjugating enzyme, integrates far-red light and JA signaling. Here, we report that FIN219/JAR1 negatively regulates shade-induced hypocotyl elongation and gene expression in Arabidopsis seedlings in response to shade. In turn, simulated shade reduces FIN219 protein accumulation. Analysis of phyA 211 fin219-2 double mutants indicated that FIN219 and phyA are synergistic in regulating shade-induced hypocotyl elongation and gene expression. Moreover, FIN219 differentially affected the expression of the shade-signaling bHLH factors PIF5 and PAR1, thereby increasing the expression of the auxin-response genes IAA29 and SAUR68 on exposure to shade. Furthermore, the protein level of CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) was affected in both fin219 mutants and overexpression lines as compared with the wild type under shade. Intriguingly, ectopic expression of FIN219 inhibited the nuclear accumulation of COP1 in response to shade. Further co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that FIN219 interacted with COP1 and phyA under shade. Therefore, FIN219/JAR1 may play a vital role in modulating the Arabidopsis response to simulated shade via multiple layers of molecular mechanisms.
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Fraser DP, Hayes S, Franklin KA. Photoreceptor crosstalk in shade avoidance. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 33:1-7. [PMID: 27060719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants integrate a variety of environmental signals to determine the threat of competitor shading and use this information to initiate escape responses, termed shade avoidance. Photoreceptor-mediated light signals are central to this process. Encroaching vegetation is sensed as a reduction in the ratio of red to far-red wavebands (R:FR) by phytochromes. Plants shaded within a canopy will also perceive reduced blue light signals and possibly enriched green light through cryptochromes. The detection of canopy gaps may be further facilitated by blue light sensing phototropins and the UV-B photoreceptor, UVR8. Once sunlight has been reached, phytochrome and UVR8 inhibit shade avoidance. Accumulating evidence suggests that multiple plant photoreceptors converge on a shared signalling network to regulate responses to shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald P Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Scott Hayes
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology (IEB), Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Keara A Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
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de Wit M, Galvão VC, Fankhauser C. Light-Mediated Hormonal Regulation of Plant Growth and Development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 67:513-37. [PMID: 26905653 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-112252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Light is crucial for plant life, and perception of the light environment dictates plant growth, morphology, and developmental changes. Such adjustments in growth and development in response to light conditions are often established through changes in hormone levels and signaling. This review discusses examples of light-regulated processes throughout a plant's life cycle for which it is known how light signals lead to hormonal regulation. Light acts as an important developmental switch in germination, photomorphogenesis, and transition to flowering, and light cues are essential to ensure light capture through architectural changes during phototropism and the shade avoidance response. In describing well-established links between light perception and hormonal changes, we aim to give insight into the mechanisms that enable plants to thrive in variable light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke de Wit
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; , ,
| | - Vinicius Costa Galvão
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; , ,
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; , ,
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61
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Wang H, Wu G, Zhao B, Wang B, Lang Z, Zhang C, Wang H. Regulatory modules controlling early shade avoidance response in maize seedlings. BMC Genomics 2016. [PMID: 27030359 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2593-2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimization of shade avoidance response (SAR) is crucial for enhancing crop yield in high-density planting conditions in modern agriculture, but a comprehensive study of the regulatory network of SAR is still lacking in monocot crops. RESULTS In this study, the genome-wide early responses in maize seedlings to the simulated shade (low red/far-red ratio) and also to far-red light treatment were transcriptionally profiled. The two processes were predominantly mediated by phytochrome B and phytochrome A, respectively. Clustering of differentially transcribed genes (DTGs) along with functional enrichment analysis identified important biological processes regulated in response to both treatments. Co-expression network analysis identified two transcription factor modules as potentially pivotal regulators of SAR and de-etiolation, respectively. A comprehensive cross-species comparison of orthologous DTG pairs between maize and Arabidopsis in SAR was also conducted, with emphasis on regulatory circuits controlling accelerated flowering and elongated growth, two physiological hallmarks of SAR. Moreover, it was found that the genome-wide distribution of DTGs in SAR and de-etiolation both biased toward the maize1 subgenome, and this was associated with differential retention of various cis-elements between the two subgenomes. CONCLUSIONS The results provide the first transcriptional picture for the early dynamics of maize phytochrome signaling. Candidate genes with regulatory functions involved in maize shade avoidance response have been identified, offering a starting point for further functional genomics investigation of maize adaptation to heavily shaded field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guangxia Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhihong Lang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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62
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Wang H, Wu G, Zhao B, Wang B, Lang Z, Zhang C, Wang H. Regulatory modules controlling early shade avoidance response in maize seedlings. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:269. [PMID: 27030359 PMCID: PMC4815114 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optimization of shade avoidance response (SAR) is crucial for enhancing crop yield in high-density planting conditions in modern agriculture, but a comprehensive study of the regulatory network of SAR is still lacking in monocot crops. Results In this study, the genome-wide early responses in maize seedlings to the simulated shade (low red/far-red ratio) and also to far-red light treatment were transcriptionally profiled. The two processes were predominantly mediated by phytochrome B and phytochrome A, respectively. Clustering of differentially transcribed genes (DTGs) along with functional enrichment analysis identified important biological processes regulated in response to both treatments. Co-expression network analysis identified two transcription factor modules as potentially pivotal regulators of SAR and de-etiolation, respectively. A comprehensive cross-species comparison of orthologous DTG pairs between maize and Arabidopsis in SAR was also conducted, with emphasis on regulatory circuits controlling accelerated flowering and elongated growth, two physiological hallmarks of SAR. Moreover, it was found that the genome-wide distribution of DTGs in SAR and de-etiolation both biased toward the maize1 subgenome, and this was associated with differential retention of various cis-elements between the two subgenomes. Conclusions The results provide the first transcriptional picture for the early dynamics of maize phytochrome signaling. Candidate genes with regulatory functions involved in maize shade avoidance response have been identified, offering a starting point for further functional genomics investigation of maize adaptation to heavily shaded field conditions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2593-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guangxia Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhihong Lang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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63
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Imtiaz M, Yang Y, Liu R, Xu Y, Khan MA, Wei Q, Gao J, Hong B. Identification and functional characterization of the BBX24 promoter and gene from chrysanthemum in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 89:1-19. [PMID: 26253592 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The B-box (BBX) family is a subgroup of zinc finger transcription factors that regulate flowering time, light-regulated morphogenesis, and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of CmBBX24, a zinc finger transcription factor gene in chrysanthemum, results in abiotic stress tolerance. We have investigated and characterized the promoter of CmBBX24, isolating a 2.7-kb CmBBX24 promoter sequence and annotating a number of abiotic stress-related cis-regulatory elements, such as DRE, MYB, MYC, as well as cis-elements which respond to plant hormones, such as GARE, ABRE, and CARE. We also observed a number of cis-elements related to light, such as TBOX and GBOX, and some tissue-specific cis-elements, such as those for guard cells (TAAAG). Expression of the CmBBX24 promoter produced a clear response in leaves and a lower response in roots, based on β-glucuronidase histochemical staining and fluorometric analysis. The CmBBX24 promoter was induced by abiotic stresses (mannitol, cold temperature), hormones (gibberellic acid, abscisic acid), and different light treatments (white, blue, red); activation was measured by fluorometric analysis in the leaves and roots. The deletion of fragments from the 5'-end of the promoter led to different responses under various stress conditions. Some CmBBX24 promoter segments were found to be more important than others for regulating all stresses, while other segments were relatively more specific to stress type. D0-, D1-, D2-, D3-, and D4-proCmBBX24::CmBBX24 transgenic Arabidopsis lines developed for further study were found to be more tolerant to the low temperature and drought stresses than the controls. We therefore speculate that CmBBX24 is of prime importance in the regulation of abiotic stress in Arabidopsis and that the CmBBX24 promoter is inductive in abiotic stress conditions. Consequently, we suggest that CmBBX24 is a potential candidate for the use in breeding programs of important ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imtiaz
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ruixue Liu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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