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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 20% and substantial effects on quality of life. AD is characterized by intense itch, recurrent eczematous lesions and a fluctuating course. AD has a strong heritability component and is closely related to and commonly co-occurs with other atopic diseases (such as asthma and allergic rhinitis). Several pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to AD aetiology and clinical manifestations. Impairment of epidermal barrier function, for example, owing to deficiency in the structural protein filaggrin, can promote inflammation and T cell infiltration. The immune response in AD is skewed towards T helper 2 cell-mediated pathways and can in turn favour epidermal barrier disruption. Other contributing factors to AD onset include dysbiosis of the skin microbiota (in particular overgrowth of Staphylococcus aureus), systemic immune responses (including immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated sensitization) and neuroinflammation, which is involved in itch. Current treatments for AD include topical moisturizers and anti-inflammatory agents (such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors), phototherapy and systemic immunosuppressants. Translational research has fostered the development of targeted small molecules and biologic therapies, especially for moderate-to-severe disease.
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Genetic variants at the 16p13 locus confer risk for eosinophilic esophagitis. Genes Immun 2018; 20:281-292. [PMID: 29904099 PMCID: PMC6286696 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-018-0034-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus triggered by immune hypersensitivity to food. Herein, we tested whether genetic risk factors for known, non-allergic, immune-mediated diseases, particularly those involving autoimmunity, were associated with EoE risk. We used the high-density Immunochip platform, encoding 200,000 genetic variants for major auto-immune disease. Accordingly, 1214 subjects with EoE of European ancestry and 3734 population controls were genotyped and assessed using data directly generated or imputed from the previously published GWAS. We found lack of association of EoE with the genetic variants in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, II, and III genes and nearly all other loci using a highly powered study design with dense genotyping throughout the locus. Importantly, we identified an EoE risk locus at 16p13 with genome-wide significance (Pcombined=2.05 × 10−9, odds ratio = 0.76−0.81). This region is known to encode for the genes CLEC16A, DEXI, and CIITI, which are expressed in immune cells and esophageal epithelial cells. Suggestive EoE risk were also seen 5q23 (intergenic) and 7p15 (JAZF1). Overall, we have identified an additional EoE risk locus at 16p13 and highlight a shared and unique genetic etiology of EoE with a spectrum of immune-associated diseases.
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53
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Psoriasis in Skin of Color: Insights into the Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Genetics, Quality-of-Life Impact, and Treatment of Psoriasis in Non-White Racial/Ethnic Groups. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:405-423. [PMID: 29209945 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-017-0332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition affecting diverse racial/ethnic groups throughout the world. Large population-based studies suggest that psoriasis occurs most often in individuals of European ancestry, followed by black and Hispanic individuals, although the true prevalence of psoriasis in non-white individuals is likely underestimated. Despite similarities in psoriasis between ethnic groups, there are notable differences in the presentation, quality-of-life impact, and treatment of psoriasis with important implications for the management of non-white individuals. Overall, heterogeneity in psoriasis susceptibility alleles, in combination with cultural and socioeconomic factors, may explain these differences. In this article, we review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetic polymorphisms, quality-of-life impact, and treatment nuances of psoriasis in patients with skin of color.
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54
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Kaufman BP, Guttman-Yassky E, Alexis AF. Atopic dermatitis in diverse racial and ethnic groups-Variations in epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation and treatment. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:340-357. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget P. Kaufman
- Department of Dermatology; Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West; New York NY USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York NY USA
| | - Andrew F. Alexis
- Department of Dermatology; Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West; New York NY USA
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Bhattacharya S, Kim JC, Ogawa Y, Nakato G, Nagle V, Brooks SR, Udey MC, Morasso MI. DLX3-Dependent STAT3 Signaling in Keratinocytes Regulates Skin Immune Homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1052-1061. [PMID: 29246798 PMCID: PMC5988235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal-specific deletion of the homeobox transcription regulator DLX3 disrupts keratinocyte differentiation and results in an IL-17-linked psoriasis-like skin inflammation. To identify the epidermal initiating signals produced by DLX3-null keratinocytes, we performed acute deletion of DLX3 in adult epidermis using a tamoxifen-inducible Krt14-cre/ERT system. K14CreERT;DLX3fl/fl skin exhibited dysregulated expression of differentiation-associated genes, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, and accumulation of Langerhans cells and macrophages within 3 days of tamoxifen-induced DLX3 ablation. We also observed increased accumulation of IL-17A-secreting Vγ4 γδ T cells and heightened levels of IL-17 and IL-36 family of cytokines starting 1 week after DLX3 deletion. Interestingly, transcriptome profiling of K14CreERT;DLX3fl/fl epidermis at 3 days identified activated STAT3 as a transcriptional regulator and revealed differential expression of STAT3 signaling-related genes. Furthermore, activation of STAT3 was strongly increased in K14CreERT;DLX3fl/fl skin, and topical treatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 activation attenuated the immune phenotype. RNA-seq analysis of vehicle and STAT3 inhibitor treated K14CreERT;DLX3fl/fl skin identified differentially expressed genes associated with inhibition of leukocyte infiltration. Collectively, our results show that DLX3 is a critical regulator of STAT3 signaling network that maintains skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Bhattacharya
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Youichi Ogawa
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gaku Nakato
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Veronica Nagle
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark C Udey
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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56
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Lee JH, Choi CS, Bae IH, Choi JK, Park YH, Park M. A novel, topical, nonsteroidal, TRPV1 antagonist, PAC-14028 cream improves skin barrier function and exerts anti-inflammatory action through modulating epidermal differentiation markers and suppressing Th2 cytokines in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:S0923-1811(18)30204-4. [PMID: 29752146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is established that epidermal barrier disturbance and immune dysfunction resulting in IgE sensitization are critical factors in the development of cutaneous inflammation, the pathogenesis and targeted therapy of atopic dermatitis (AD)-specific pathways have still been unknown. OBJECTIVE Taking into account the fact that Th2 cytokines in AD have both unique and overlapping functions including increased epidermal thickening, inflammation, and decreased expressing of the barrier proteins keratinocyte differentiation, we sought to clarify our hypothesis that TRPV1 antagonist plays a critical role in skin barrier function and can be a therapeutic target for AD. METHODS AD-like dermatitis was induced in hairless mice by repeated oxazolone (Ox) challenges to hairless mice. The functional studies concerning skin barrier function, anti-inflammatory action, and molecular mechanism by TRPV1 antagonism were conducted by histopathological assays, ELISA, qPCR, western blotting, and skin blood flow measurement. RESULTS Topically administered TRPV1 antagonist, PAC-14028 (Asivatrep: C21H22F5N3O3S), improved AD-like dermatitis and skin barrier functions, and restored the expression of epidermal differentiation markers. In addition, the PAC-14028 cream significantly inhibited cutaneous inflammation by decreasing the expression of serum IgE, and the epidermal expression of IL-4, and IL-13 in Ox-AD mice. These results may provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of PAC-14028 cream involved in anti-inflammatory effects and skin barrier functions by suppressing the multiple signaling pathways including IL-4/-13-mediated activation of JAK/STAT, TRPV1, and neuropeptides. CONCLUSION PAC-14028 cream can be a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of chronic inflammation and disrupted barrier function in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hae Lee
- Vital Beautie Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soon Choi
- Vital Beautie Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hong Bae
- Vital Beautie Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Choi
- Medical Beauty QA Team, Aestura Corporation, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Vital Beautie Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Park
- Vital Beautie Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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57
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Gutowska-Owsiak D, de La Serna JB, Fritzsche M, Naeem A, Podobas EI, Leeming M, Colin-York H, O'Shaughnessy R, Eggeling C, Ogg GS. Orchestrated control of filaggrin-actin scaffolds underpins cornification. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:412. [PMID: 29545605 PMCID: PMC5854575 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal stratification critically depends on keratinocyte differentiation and programmed death by cornification, leading to formation of a protective skin barrier. Cornification is dynamically controlled by the protein filaggrin, rapidly released from keratohyalin granules (KHGs). However, the mechanisms of cornification largely remain elusive, partly due to limitations of the observation techniques employed to study filaggrin organization in keratinocytes. Moreover, while the abundance of keratins within KHGs has been well described, it is not clear whether actin also contributes to their formation or fate. We employed advanced (super-resolution) microscopy to examine filaggrin organization and dynamics in skin and human keratinocytes during differentiation. We found that filaggrin organization depends on the cytoplasmic actin cytoskeleton, including the role for α- and β-actin scaffolds. Filaggrin-containing KHGs displayed high mobility and migrated toward the nucleus during differentiation. Pharmacological disruption targeting actin networks resulted in granule disintegration and accelerated cornification. We identified the role of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), which controls binding preference and function of heat shock protein B1 (HspB1), facilitating the switch from actin stabilization to filaggrin processing. Our results suggest an extended model of cornification in which filaggrin utilizes actins to effectively control keratinocyte differentiation and death, promoting epidermal stratification and formation of a fully functional skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Institute of Biotechnology UG, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jorge Bernardino de La Serna
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Research Complex at Harwell, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell-Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Aishath Naeem
- Immunobiology, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ewa I Podobas
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael Leeming
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Huw Colin-York
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ryan O'Shaughnessy
- Immunobiology, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.,Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK. .,Institute of Applied Optics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Wien Platz 4, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Graham S Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
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58
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Paternoster L, Savenije OEM, Heron J, Evans DM, Vonk JM, Brunekreef B, Wijga AH, Henderson AJ, Koppelman GH, Brown SJ. Identification of atopic dermatitis subgroups in children from 2 longitudinal birth cohorts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:964-971. [PMID: 29129583 PMCID: PMC5840507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent disease with variable natural history. Longitudinal birth cohort studies provide an opportunity to define subgroups on the basis of disease trajectories, which may represent different genetic and environmental pathomechanisms. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the existence of distinct longitudinal phenotypes of AD and test whether these findings are reproducible in 2 independent cohorts. METHODS The presence of AD was examined in 2 birth cohort studies including 9894 children from the United Kingdom (ALSPAC) and 3652 from the Netherlands (PIAMA). AD was defined by parental report of a typical itchy and/or flexural rash. Longitudinal latent class analysis was used to investigate patterns of AD from birth to the age of 11 to 16 years. We investigated associations with known AD risk factors, including FLG null mutations, 23 other established AD-genetic risk variants, and atopic comorbidity. RESULTS Six latent classes were identified, representing subphenotypes of AD, with remarkable consistency between the 2 cohorts. The most prevalent class was early-onset-early-resolving AD, which was associated with male sex. Two classes of persistent disease were identified (early-onset-persistent and early-onset-late-resolving); these were most strongly associated with the AD-genetic risk score as well as personal and parental history of atopic disease. A yet unrecognized class of mid-onset-resolving AD, not associated with FLG mutations, but strongly associated with asthma, was identified. CONCLUSIONS Six classes based on temporal trajectories of rash were consistently identified in 2 population-based cohorts. The differing risk factor profiles and diverse prognoses demonstrate the potential importance of a stratified medicine approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Olga E M Savenije
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jon Heron
- School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David M Evans
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alet H Wijga
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A John Henderson
- School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara J Brown
- Skin Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
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59
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Liu X, Hong X, Tsai HJ, Mestan KK, Shi M, Kefi A, Hao K, Chen Q, Wang G, Caruso D, Geng H, Gao Y, He J, Kumar R, Wang H, Yu Y, Bartell T, Tan XD, Schleimer RP, Weeks DE, Pongracic JA, Wang X. Genome-wide association study of maternal genetic effects and parent-of-origin effects on food allergy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0043. [PMID: 29489655 PMCID: PMC5851764 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous genetic studies of food allergy (FA) have mainly focused on inherited genotypic effects. The role of parental genotypic effects remains largely unexplored. Leveraging existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data generated from the Chicago Food Allergy Study, we examined maternal genotypic and parent-of-origin (PO) effects using multinomial likelihood ratio tests in 588 complete and incomplete Caucasian FA trios. We identified 1 single nucleotide polymorphism with significant (P < 5×10) maternal effect on any FA (rs4235235), which is located in a noncoding RNA (LOC101927947) with unknown function. We also identified 3 suggestive (P < 5×10) loci with maternal genetic effects: 1 for any FA (rs976078, in a gene desert region on 13q31.1) and 2 for egg allergy (rs1343795 and rs4572450, in the ZNF652 gene, where genetic variants have been associated with atopic dermatitis). Three suggestive loci with PO effect were observed: 1 for peanut allergy (rs4896888 in the ADGB gene) and 2 for any FA in boys only (rs1036504 and rs2917750 in the IQCE gene). Findings from this family-based GWAS of FA provided some preliminary evidence on maternal genotypic or PO effects on FA. Additional family-based studies are needed to confirm our findings and gain new insight into maternal and paternal genetic contribution to FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karen K. Mestan
- Division of Neonatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Min Shi
- Biostatistics Branch, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Amira Kefi
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Bioinformatics, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Qi Chen
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Deanna Caruso
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hua Geng
- Department of Pediatrics
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute
| | - Yufeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin He
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Hongjian Wang
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tami Bartell
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Xiao-Di Tan
- Department of Pediatrics
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute
| | - Robert P. Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jacqueline A. Pongracic
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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60
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Herro R, Shui JW, Zahner S, Sidler D, Kawakami Y, Kawakami T, Tamada K, Kronenberg M, Croft M. LIGHT-HVEM signaling in keratinocytes controls development of dermatitis. J Exp Med 2018; 215:415-422. [PMID: 29339444 PMCID: PMC5789407 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors that control skin inflammation are still being defined. Herro et al. demonstrate that the tumor necrosis factor superfamily protein LIGHT acts on keratinocytes via its receptor HVEM to promote characteristic features of atopic dermatitis, including epidermal hyperplasia and production of periostin. Dermatitis is often associated with an allergic reaction characterized by excessive type 2 responses leading to epidermal acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and dermal inflammation. Although factors like IL-4, IL-13, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are thought to be instrumental for the development of this type of skin disorder, other cytokines may be critical. Here, we show that the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily protein LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxin, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for binding to HVEM, a receptor expressed on T lymphocytes) is required for experimental atopic dermatitis, and LIGHT directly controls keratinocyte hyperplasia, and production of periostin, a matricellular protein that contributes to the clinical features of atopic dermatitis as well as other skin diseases such as scleroderma. Mice with a conditional deletion of the LIGHT receptor HVEM (herpesvirus entry mediator) in keratinocytes phenocopied LIGHT-deficient mice in exhibiting reduced epidermal thickening and dermal collagen deposition in a model of atopic dermatitis driven by house dust mite allergen. LIGHT signaling through HVEM in human epidermal keratinocytes directly induced proliferation and periostin expression, and both keratinocyte-specific deletion of HVEM or antibody blocking of LIGHT–HVEM interactions after disease onset prevented expression of periostin and limited atopic dermatitis symptoms. Developing reagents that neutralize LIGHT–HVEM signaling might be useful for therapeutic intervention in skin diseases where periostin is a central feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Herro
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jr-Wen Shui
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sonja Zahner
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
| | - Daniel Sidler
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yuko Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Koji Tamada
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA.,Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA .,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Kim JH, Lee SY, Kang MJ, Yoon J, Jung S, Cho HJ, Kim HB, Hong SJ. Association of Genetic Polymorphisms with Atopic Dermatitis, Clinical Severity and Total IgE: A Replication and Extended Study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018; 10:397-405. [PMID: 29949836 PMCID: PMC6021591 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.4.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 20% of children and 3% of adults worldwide. Although previous reports including genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches have identified several risk factors that appear to be associated with AD development, replication studies are lacking. In our current study, we replicated the associations between candidate susceptibility loci and AD. Methods A total of 885 Korean subjects (425 AD patients and 460 unaffected controls) were genotyped for 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from previous GWASs and meta-analyses of AD and from immune-related genes. Results Several SNPs showed significant associations with AD in the case-control analysis (minimum P=0.005 at rs17389644), suggesting that these polymorphisms may be related to this disease. In addition, several SNPs showed significant signals (minimum P=0.004 at rs6473227) in severe AD compared to unaffected controls. In additional linear regression analysis, a few genotypes appeared to have potential effects on the SCORing AD (SCORAD) values (minimum P=0.003 at rs13361382 on TMEM232) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels (minimum P<0.0001 at rs4713555 near HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQA1) in AD patients. Conclusions Our replication and extended study provide additional supporting information on the genetic associations (especially, variants in TMEM232 and nearby to IL21 and HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQA1) related to AD, its clinical severity and IgE involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisun Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungsu Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Margaritte-Jeannin P, Babron MC, Laprise C, Lavielle N, Sarnowski C, Brossard M, Moffatt M, Gagné-Ouellet V, Etcheto A, Lathrop M, Just J, Cookson WO, Bouzigon E, Demenais F, Dizier MH. The COL5A3 and MMP9 genes interact in eczema susceptibility. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 48:297-305. [PMID: 29168291 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic studies of eczema have identified many genes, which explain only 14% of the heritability. Missing heritability may be partly due to ignored gene-gene (G-G) interactions. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to detect new interacting genes involved in eczema. METHODS The search for G-G interaction in eczema was conducted using a two-step approach, which included as a first step, a biological selection of genes, which are involved either in the skin or epidermis development or in the collagen metabolism, and as a second step, an interaction analysis of the selected genes. Analyses were carried out at both SNP and gene levels in three asthma-ascertained family samples: the discovery dataset of 388 EGEA (Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma) families and the two replication datasets of 253 SLSJ (Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean) families and 207 MRCA (Medical Research Council) families. RESULTS One pair of SNPs, rs2287807 in COL5A3 and rs17576 in MMP9, that were detected in EGEA at P ≤ 10-5 showed significant interaction by meta-analysis of EGEA, SLSJ and MRCA samples (P = 1.1 × 10-8 under the significant threshold of 10-7 ). Gene-based analysis confirmed strong interaction between COL5A3 and MMP9 (P = 4 × 10-8 under the significant threshold of 4 × 10-6 ) by meta-analysis of the three datasets. When stratifying the data on asthma, this interaction remained in both groups of asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects. CONCLUSION This study identified significant interaction between two new genes, COL5A3 and MMP9, which may be accounted for by a degradation of COL5A3 by MMP9 influencing eczema susceptibility. Further confirmation of this interaction as well as functional studies is needed to better understand the role of these genes in eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Margaritte-Jeannin
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M-C Babron
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - C Laprise
- Université du Québec, Chicoutimi, Canada
| | - N Lavielle
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - C Sarnowski
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M Brossard
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M Moffatt
- National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - A Etcheto
- Rheumatology Department, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U1153, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - M Lathrop
- Mc Gill University and Genome Quebec's Innovation Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - J Just
- Service d'Allergologie Pédiatrique, Centre de l'Asthme et des Allergies, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau-UPMC Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - W O Cookson
- National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - E Bouzigon
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - F Demenais
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M-H Dizier
- Inserm, UMR-946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases unit, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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63
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Marenholz I, Grosche S, Kalb B, Rüschendorf F, Blümchen K, Schlags R, Harandi N, Price M, Hansen G, Seidenberg J, Röblitz H, Yürek S, Tschirner S, Hong X, Wang X, Homuth G, Schmidt CO, Nöthen MM, Hübner N, Niggemann B, Beyer K, Lee YA. Genome-wide association study identifies the SERPINB gene cluster as a susceptibility locus for food allergy. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1056. [PMID: 29051540 PMCID: PMC5648765 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors and mechanisms underlying food allergy are largely unknown. Due to heterogeneity of symptoms a reliable diagnosis is often difficult to make. Here, we report a genome-wide association study on food allergy diagnosed by oral food challenge in 497 cases and 2387 controls. We identify five loci at genome-wide significance, the clade B serpin (SERPINB) gene cluster at 18q21.3, the cytokine gene cluster at 5q31.1, the filaggrin gene, the C11orf30/LRRC32 locus, and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Stratifying the results for the causative food demonstrates that association of the HLA locus is peanut allergy-specific whereas the other four loci increase the risk for any food allergy. Variants in the SERPINB gene cluster are associated with SERPINB10 expression in leukocytes. Moreover, SERPINB genes are highly expressed in the esophagus. All identified loci are involved in immunological regulation or epithelial barrier function, emphasizing the role of both mechanisms in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Marenholz
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Grosche
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Kalb
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité University Medical Center, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Rüschendorf
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Blümchen
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rupert Schlags
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Wangen Hospital, 88239, Wangen, Germany
| | - Neda Harandi
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Wangen Hospital, 88239, Wangen, Germany
| | - Mareike Price
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seidenberg
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Neonatology and Intensive Care, Medical Campus of University Oldenburg, 26133, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Holger Röblitz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Sana Klinikum Lichtenberg, 10365, Berlin, Germany
| | - Songül Yürek
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité University Medical Center, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Tschirner
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité University Medical Center, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health in Pomerania/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics and Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bodo Niggemann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité University Medical Center, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Beyer
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité University Medical Center, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
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64
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Bao L, Mohan GC, Alexander JB, Doo C, Shen K, Bao J, Chan LS. A molecular mechanism for IL-4 suppression of loricrin transcription in epidermal keratinocytes: implication for atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. Innate Immun 2017; 23:641-647. [PMID: 28952836 DOI: 10.1177/1753425917732823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin barrier defects play an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis. Loricrin, an important barrier protein suppressed in human AD, is down-regulated by IL-4 in keratinocytes. However, the molecular mechanism is unknown. Since loricrin transcription requires p300/CBP, and Stat6 also recruits this common coactivator for its stimulated factors, we hypothesize that IL-4-activated Stat6 competes for the available endogenous p300/CBP, leading to loricrin transcription inhibition. First, we showed that loricrin is suppressed in the skin of IL-4 transgenic mice, an AD mouse model. In human keratinocytes, IL-4 down-regulation of loricrin is abrogated by a pan-Jak inhibitor, suggesting that the Jak-Stat pathway is involved. To further investigate the downstream molecular mechanism, we transfected HaCat cells with a loricrin promoter and then treated them with either IL-4 or vehicle. Not surprisingly, IL-4 greatly suppressed the promoter activity. Interestingly, this suppression was prevented when we knocked down Stat6, indicating that Stat6 participates in IL-4 regulation of loricrin. A Stat6-specific inhibitor confirmed the knockdown study. Finally, IL-4 suppression of loricrin was reversed with transfection of a CBP expression vector in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, for the first time, we delineate a molecular mechanism for IL-4 down-regulation of loricin expression in human keratinocytes, which may play an important role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Girish C Mohan
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jaime B Alexander
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Caroline Doo
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kui Shen
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy Bao
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lawrence S Chan
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.,2 Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.,3 Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,4 Medicine Service, Captain James Lovell FHCC, North Chicago, IL, USA
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65
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Haplotype dependent association of rs7927894 (11q13.5) with atopic dermatitis and chronic allergic rhinitis: A study in ECAP cohort. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183922. [PMID: 28886043 PMCID: PMC5590850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The T allele of rs7927894 (at 11q13.5) was associated with atopic dermatitis and other allergic diseases. Our purpose was to replicate the association with allergic phenotypes and explore the role of rs7927894 in predisposing to persistent allergic rhinitis and atopic asthma. We also wanted to explore if other SNPs at 11q13.5 contributed to effect of rs7927894. We studied patients with atopic dermatitis (N = 270), atopic asthma (N = 486), persistent allergic rhinitis (N = 589) and controls matched for age, sex and region (N = 540, N = 372 and N = 1178, respectively). We found that rs7927894 T was associated with atopic dermatitis (OR = 1.39, CI: 1.12–1.73, P = 0.003) and independently with persistent allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.24, CI:1.07–1.43, P = 0.0043, Pcorrected = 0.013) but not atopic asthma. Analysis of additional tagging SNPs (rs7930763, rs2513517, rs7125552) showed that effect of rs7927894 T was limited to haplotypes encoding G at rs7125552. In conclusion, rs7927894 T is associated not only with atopic dermatitis but also persistent allergic rhinitis. Since these effects are haplotype dependent rs7927894 alone does not account for the association between 11q13.5 and atopic dermatitis/persistent allergic rhinitis.
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66
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A variant on chromosome 2p13.3 is associated with atopic dermatitis in Chinese Han population. Gene 2017; 628:281-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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67
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Li Y, Cheng H, Xiao FL, Liang B, Zhou FS, Li P, Zheng XD, Sun LD, Yang S, Zhang XJ. Association of UBASH3A gene polymorphism and atopic dermatitis in the Chinese Han population. Genes Immun 2017; 18:158-162. [DOI: 10.1038/gene.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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68
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Tsuji G, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Kiyomatsu-Oda M, Takemura M, Ohno F, Ito T, Morino-Koga S, Mitoma C, Nakahara T, Uchi H, Furue M. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation restores filaggrin expression via OVOL1 in atopic dermatitis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2931. [PMID: 28703805 PMCID: PMC5550867 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Filaggrin (FLG) mutation is a well-confirmed genetic aberration in atopic dermatitis (AD). Genome-wide association studies on AD have revealed other susceptibility genes, for example, Ovo-like 1 (OVOL1). Nonetheless, the relation between FLG and OVOL1 is unclear. Because aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR; a ligand-activated transcription factor), plays a role in FLG expression in keratinocytes, we hypothesized that AHR regulates FLG expression via OVOL1. To demonstrate this mechanism, we analyzed FLG expression in OVOL1-overexpressing or OVOL1-knockdown normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Furthermore, we tested whether AHR activation by 6-formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ), an endogenous AHR ligand, or Glyteer, clinically used soybean tar, upregulates FLG and OVOL1 expression in NHEKs. We found that (1) OVOL1 regulates FLG expression; (2) AHR activation upregulates OVOL1; and (3) AHR activation upregulates FLG via OVOL1. Moreover, nuclear translocation of OVOL1 was less pronounced in AD skin compared with normal skin. IL-4-treated NHEKs, an in vitro AD skin model, also showed inhibition of the OVOL1 nuclear translocation, which was restored by FICZ and Glyteer. Thus, targeting the AHR–OVOL1–FLG axis may provide new therapeutics for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Hashimoto-Hachiya
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mari Kiyomatsu-Oda
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Takemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ohno
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takamichi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Saori Morino-Koga
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chikage Mitoma
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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69
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Furue M, Chiba T, Tsuji G, Ulzii D, Kido-Nakahara M, Nakahara T, Kadono T. Atopic dermatitis: immune deviation, barrier dysfunction, IgE autoreactivity and new therapies. Allergol Int 2017; 66:398-403. [PMID: 28057434 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic or chronically relapsing, eczematous, severely pruritic skin disorder mostly associated with IgE elevation and skin barrier dysfunction due to decreased filaggrin expression. The lesional skin of AD exhibits Th2- and Th22-deviated immune reactions that are progressive during disease chronicity. Th2 and Th22 cytokines further deteriorate the skin barrier by inhibiting filaggrin expression. Some IgEs are reactive to self-antigens. The IgE autoreactivity may precipitate the chronicity of AD. Upon activation of the ORAI1 calcium channel, atopic epidermis releases large amounts of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), which initiates the Th2 and Th22 immune response. Th2-derived interleukin-31 and TSLP induce an itch sensation. Taken together, TSLP/Th2/Th22 pathway is a promising target for developing new therapeutics for AD. Enhancing filaggrin expression using ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor may also be an adjunctive measure to restore the disrupted barrier function specifically for AD.
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70
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Rivera NV, Ronninger M, Shchetynsky K, Franke A, Nöthen MM, Müller-Quernheim J, Schreiber S, Adrianto I, Karakaya B, van Moorsel CHM, Navratilova Z, Kolek V, Rybicki BA, Iannuzzi MC, Petrek M, Grutters JC, Montgomery C, Fischer A, Eklund A, Padyukov L, Grunewald J. High-Density Genetic Mapping Identifies New Susceptibility Variants in Sarcoidosis Phenotypes and Shows Genomic-driven Phenotypic Differences. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 193:1008-22. [PMID: 26651848 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201507-1372oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown cause. Löfgren's syndrome (LS) is a characteristic subgroup of sarcoidosis that is associated with a good prognosis in sarcoidosis. However, little is known about its genetic architecture or its broader phenotype, non-LS sarcoidosis. OBJECTIVES To address the genetic architecture of sarcoidosis phenotypes, LS and non-LS. METHODS An association study in a white Swedish cohort of 384 LS, 664 non-LS, and 2,086 control subjects, totaling 3,134 subjects using a fine-mapping genotyping platform was conducted. Replication was performed in four independent cohorts, three of white European descent (Germany, n = 4,975; the Netherlands, n = 613; and Czech Republic, n = 521), and one of black African descent (United States, n = 1,657), totaling 7,766 subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 727 LS-associated variants expanding throughout the extended major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region and 68 non-LS-associated variants located in the MHC class II region were identified and confirmed. A shared overlap between LS and non-LS defined by 17 variants located in the MHC class II region was found. Outside the MHC region, two LS-associated loci, in ADCY3 and between CSMD1 and MCPH1, were observed and replicated. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive and integrative analyses of genetics, transcription, and pathway modeling on LS and non-LS indicates that these sarcoidosis phenotypes have different genetic susceptibility, genomic distributions, and cellular activities, suggesting distinct molecular mechanisms in pathways related to immune response with a common region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Rivera
- 1 Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,2 Center for Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Marcus Ronninger
- 1 Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,2 Center for Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Klementy Shchetynsky
- 2 Center for Molecular Medicine, and.,3 Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andre Franke
- 4 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel and Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- 5 Institute of Human Genetics, and.,6 Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Schreiber
- 4 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel and Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,8 Popgen Biobank and.,9 Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Indra Adrianto
- 10 Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Bekir Karakaya
- 11 Center of Interstitial Lung Diseases, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Coline H M van Moorsel
- 11 Center of Interstitial Lung Diseases, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.,12 Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vitezslav Kolek
- 14 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Benjamin A Rybicki
- 15 Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health Systems, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Michael C Iannuzzi
- 16 State University of New York Upstate Medical University Syracuse, Syracuse, New York
| | | | - Jan C Grutters
- 11 Center of Interstitial Lung Diseases, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.,12 Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Courtney Montgomery
- 10 Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Annegret Fischer
- 4 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel and Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anders Eklund
- 1 Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- 2 Center for Molecular Medicine, and.,3 Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- 2 Center for Molecular Medicine, and.,3 Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Anbunathan H, Bowcock AM. The Molecular Revolution in Cutaneous Biology: The Era of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Statistical, Big Data, and Computational Topics. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:e113-e118. [PMID: 28411841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of biological systems involving all organs of the body including the skin is in era of big data. This requires heavy-duty computational tools, and novel statistical methods. Microarrays have allowed the interrogation of thousands of common genetic markers in thousands of individuals from the same population (termed genome wide association studies or GWAS) to reveal common variation associated with disease or phenotype. These markers are usually single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are relatively common in the population. In the case of dermatological diseases such as alopecia areata, vitiligo, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, common variants have been identified that are associated with disease, and these provide insights into biological pathways and reveal possible novel drug targets. Other skin phenotypes such as acne, color and skin cancers are also being investigated with GWAS. Analyses of such large GWAS datasets require a consideration of a number of statistical issues including the testing of multiple markers, population substructure, and ultimately a requirement for replication. There are also issues regarding the missing heritability of disease that cannot be entirely explained with current GWAS approaches. Next generation sequencing technologies such as exome and genome sequencing of similar patient cohorts will reveal additional variants contributing to disease susceptibility. However, the data generated with these approaches will be orders of magnitude greater than that those generated with arrays, with concomitant challenges in the identification of disease causing variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hima Anbunathan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Anne M Bowcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Mazrier H, Vogelnest LJ, Thomson PC, Taylor RM, Williamson P. Canine atopic dermatitis: breed risk in Australia and evidence for a susceptible clade. Vet Dermatol 2017; 27:167-e42. [PMID: 27188769 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic studies on canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) indicate that large populations from one geographical location are preferred for the identification of relevant susceptibility genes. Australian dogs are relatively isolated; studies on CAD in this population are limited. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To identify breeds at risk in the Australian dog population and to compare with worldwide breed predisposition. ANIMALS Case records (n = 23,000) from University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UVTH) dogs, including 722 with CAD. METHODS The breed proportion of CAD and odds risk (OR) were calculated. A systematic review of 13 previous studies (1971-2010) was performed and compared to the study results by implementing an atopic dermatitis (AD)-to-reference population ratio (ADRPR). RESULTS Eleven dog breeds with significant increased OR (≥1.0) were identified; all with breed CAD cases proportionally higher than their base hospital population. Gender risk in males from the pug dog breed (P = 0.007) was detected and the bichon frise breed had a similar trend (P = 0.05). Sixteen predisposed dog breeds were identified by systematic review. All breeds with significant increased OR in UVTH had ADRPR > 1.4; five (boxer, bulldog, Labrador retriever, pug, West Highland white terrier) were recognized as predisposed worldwide. One clade of breeds with common ancestry was highly represented in CAD cases worldwide and in Australia (81% of the significant OR cases). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The use of a large population from one geographical location and ADRPR provided an objective comparison between worldwide AD studies; it identified one common clade of susceptible breeds. Breed genetics and related clinical presentation may help CAD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamutal Mazrier
- Faculty of Veterinary Science B19, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Linda J Vogelnest
- Faculty of Veterinary Science B19, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter C Thomson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science B19, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Taylor
- Faculty of Veterinary Science B19, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter Williamson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science B19, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Naeem AS, Tommasi C, Cole C, Brown SJ, Zhu Y, Way B, Willis Owen SAG, Moffatt M, Cookson WO, Harper JI, Di WL, Brown SJ, Reinheckel T, O'Shaughnessy RFL. A mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/2 (mTORC1)/V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1)/cathepsin H axis controls filaggrin expression and processing in skin, a novel mechanism for skin barrier disruption in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1228-1241. [PMID: 27913303 PMCID: PMC5380661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filaggrin, which is encoded by the filaggrin gene (FLG), is an important component of the skin's barrier to the external environment, and genetic defects in FLG strongly associate with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, not all patients with AD have FLG mutations. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that these patients might possess other defects in filaggrin expression and processing contributing to barrier disruption and AD, and therefore we present novel therapeutic targets for this disease. RESULTS We describe the relationship between the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/2 protein subunit regulatory associated protein of the MTOR complex 1 (RAPTOR), the serine/threonine kinase V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1), and the protease cathepsin H (CTSH), for which we establish a role in filaggrin expression and processing. Increased RAPTOR levels correlated with decreased filaggrin expression in patients with AD. In keratinocyte cell cultures RAPTOR upregulation or AKT1 short hairpin RNA knockdown reduced expression of the protease CTSH. Skin of CTSH-deficient mice and CTSH short hairpin RNA knockdown keratinocytes showed reduced filaggrin processing, and the mouse had both impaired skin barrier function and a mild proinflammatory phenotype. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight a novel and potentially treatable signaling axis controlling filaggrin expression and processing that is defective in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishath S Naeem
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Tommasi
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Cole
- Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Brown
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Way
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Miriam Moffatt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - William O Cookson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - John I Harper
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei-Li Di
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara J Brown
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ryan F L O'Shaughnessy
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
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Scanning indels in the 5q22.1 region and identification of the TMEM232 susceptibility gene that is associated with atopic dermatitis in the Chinese Han population. Gene 2017; 617:17-23. [PMID: 28351738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The 5q22.1 region was found to have an association with AD in our previous genome-wide association study (GWAS). OBJECTIVE To identify the AD susceptibility gene in 5q22.1 and observe its expression in AD tissues. METHODS Suggestive indels from the GWAS data were genotyped in 3013 AD patients and 5075 controls from the Chinese Han population with the SequenomMassArray system. Association, Bayesian and bioinformatics analyses were used to identify possible causal indels and genes in the 5q22.1 region. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to observe protein expression in the tissues. PLINK 1.07 software was used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS The genotyping and association analysis showed that six deletions and four SNPs were associated with AD (P<0.005). The rs11357450 (Pcombined=7.79E-04, OR=1.39, logBayes Factor=1.29) deletion located in TMEM232 was identified to be the strongest variant. Analysis of the genetic model revealed that the dominant model best described rs11357450 (P=1.96E-03, OR=1.22; 95% CI=1.07-1.37). IHC showed that the expression of TMEM232 decreased gradually from the granular layer to the basal layer in AD, but in normal tissues, this trend was reversed. Additionally, positive cytoplasm staining was found in lymphocytes around the blood vessels in AD. CONCLUSIONS The study indicates that TMEM232 in the 5q22.1 region is the causal gene for AD in the Chinese Han population.
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Liang Y, Chang C, Lu Q. The Genetics and Epigenetics of Atopic Dermatitis-Filaggrin and Other Polymorphisms. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017; 51:315-328. [PMID: 26385242 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic evidences depict a complex network comprising by epidermal barrier dysfunctions and dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of AD. Mutations in the human filaggrin gene (FLG) are the most significant and well-replicated genetic mutation associated with AD, and other mutations associated with epidermal barriers such as SPINK5, FLG-2, SPRR3, and CLDN1 have all been linked to AD. Gene variants may also contribute to the abnormal innate and adaptive responses found in AD, including mutations in PRRs and AMPs, TSLP and TSLPR, IL-1 family cytokines and receptors genes, vitamin D pathway genes, FCER1A, and Th2 and other cytokines genes. GWAS and Immunochip analysis have identified a total of 19 susceptibility loci for AD. Candidate genes at these susceptibility loci identified by GWAS and Immunochip analysis also suggest roles for epidermal barrier functions, innate and adaptive immunity, interleukin-1 family signaling, regulatory T cells, the vitamin D pathway, and the nerve growth factor pathway in the pathogenesis of AD. Increasing evidences show the modern lifestyle (i.e., the hygiene hypothesis, Western diet) and other environmental factors such as pollution and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) lead to the increasing prevalence of AD with the development of industrialization. Epigenetic alterations in response to these environmental factors, including DNA methylation and microRNA related to immune system and skin barriers, have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Genetic variants and epigenetic alteration might be the key tools for the molecular taxonomy of AD and provide the background for the personalized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics & Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics & Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Thomas KS, Batchelor JM, Bath-Hextall F, Chalmers JR, Clarke T, Crowe S, Delamere FM, Eleftheriadou V, Evans N, Firkins L, Greenlaw N, Lansbury L, Lawton S, Layfield C, Leonardi-Bee J, Mason J, Mitchell E, Nankervis H, Norrie J, Nunn A, Ormerod AD, Patel R, Perkins W, Ravenscroft JC, Schmitt J, Simpson E, Whitton ME, Williams HC. A programme of research to set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the prevention and treatment of skin disease. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSkin diseases are very common and can have a large impact on the quality of life of patients and caregivers. This programme addressed four diseases: (1) eczema, (2) vitiligo, (3) squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) and (4) pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).ObjectiveTo set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the treatment and prevention of skin disease in our four chosen diseases.DesignMixed methods including eight systematic reviews, three prioritisation exercises, two pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs), three feasibility studies, two core outcome initiatives, four funding proposals for national RCTs and one completed national RCT.SettingSecondary care, primary care and the general population.ParticipantsPatients (and their caregivers) with eczema, vitiligo, SCC and PG, plus health-care professionals with an interest in skin disease.InterventionsOur three intervention studies included (1) barrier enhancement using emollients from birth to prevent eczema (pilot RCT); (2) handheld narrowband ultraviolet light B therapy for treating vitiligo (pilot RCT); and (3) oral ciclosporin (Neoral®, Novartis Pharmaceuticals) compared with oral prednisolone for managing PG (pragmatic national RCT).ResultsSystematic reviews included two overarching systematic reviews of RCTs of treatments for eczema and vitiligo, an umbrella review of systematic reviews of interventions for the prevention of eczema, two reviews of treatments for SCC (one included RCTs and the second included observational studies), and three reviews of outcome measures and outcome reporting. Three prioritisation partnership exercises identified 26 priority areas for future research in eczema, vitiligo and SCC. Two international consensus initiatives identified four core domains for future eczema trials and seven core domains for vitiligo trials. Two pilot RCTs and three feasibility studies critically informed development of four trial proposals for external funding, three of which are now funded and one is pending consideration by funders. Our pragmatic RCT tested the two commonly used systemic treatments for PG (prednisolone vs. ciclosporin) and found no difference in their clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. Both drugs showed limited benefit. Only half of the participants’ ulcers had healed by 6 months. For those with healed ulcers, recurrence was common (30%). Different side effect profiles were noted for each drug, which can inform clinical decisions on an individual patient basis. Three researchers were trained to PhD level and a dermatology patient panel was established to ensure patient involvement in all aspects of the programme.ConclusionsFindings from this programme of work have already informed clinical guidelines and patient information resources. Feasibility studies have ensured that large national pragmatic trials will now be conducted on important areas of treatment uncertainty that address the needs of patients and the NHS. There is scope for considerable improvement in terms of trial design, conduct and reporting for RCTs of skin disease, which can be improved through wider collaboration, registration of trial protocols and complete reporting and international consensus over core outcome sets. Three national trials have now been funded as a result of this work. Two international initiatives to establish how best to measure the core outcome domains for eczema and vitiligo are ongoing.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials Barrier Enhancement for Eczema Prevention (BEEP) (ISRCTN84854178 and NCT01142999), Study of Treatments fOr Pyoderma GAngrenosum Patients (STOP GAP) (ISRCTN35898459) and Hand Held NB-UVB for Early or Focal Vitiligo at Home (HI-Light Pilot Trial) (NCT01478945).FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 4, No. 18. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Joanne R Chalmers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tessa Clarke
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Finola M Delamere
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Nicholas Evans
- Trust Headquarters, West Hertfordshire Hospital NHS Trust, Hemel Hempstead, UK
| | - Lester Firkins
- Strategy and Development Group, James Lind Alliance, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Greenlaw
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louise Lansbury
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sandra Lawton
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Carron Layfield
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Mason
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Eleanor Mitchell
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Helen Nankervis
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John Norrie
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Andrew Nunn
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ramesh Patel
- Radcliffe-on-Trent Health Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - William Perkins
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jane C Ravenscroft
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eric Simpson
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Maxine E Whitton
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hywel C Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Mancini I, Ricaño-Ponce I, Pappalardo E, Cairo A, Gorski MM, Casoli G, Ferrari B, Alberti M, Mikovic D, Noris M, Wijmenga C, Peyvandi F. Immunochip analysis identifies novel susceptibility loci in the human leukocyte antigen region for acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:2356-2367. [PMID: 27762046 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Essentials Genetic predisposition to acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) is mainly unknown. Genetic risk factors for aTTP were studied by Immunochip analysis and replication study. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variant rs6903608 conferred a 2.5-fold higher risk of developing aTTP. rs6903608 and HLA-DQB1*05:03 may explain most of the HLA association signal in aTTP. Click to hear Dr Cataland's presentation on acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura SUMMARY: Background Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare, life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy associated with the development of autoantibodies against the von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease ADAMTS-13. Similarly to what has been found for other autoimmune disorders, there is evidence of a genetic contribution, including the association of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II complex with disease risk. Objective To identify novel genetic risk factors in acquired TTP. Patients/Methods We undertook a case-control genetic association study in 190 European-origin TTP patients and 1255 Italian healthy controls by using the Illumina Immunochip. Replication analysis in 88 Italian cases and 456 controls was performed with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) TaqMan assays. Results and conclusion We identified one common variant (rs6903608) located within the HLA class II locus that was independently associated with acquired TTP at genome-wide significance and conferred a 2.6-fold increased risk of developing a TTP episode (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02-3.27, P = 1.64 × 10-14 ). We also found five non-HLA variants mapping to chromosomes 2, 6, 8 and X that were suggestively associated with the disease: rs9490550, rs115265285, rs5927472, rs7823314, and rs1334768 (nominal P-values ranging from 1.59 × 10-5 to 7.60 × 10-5 ). Replication analysis confirmed the association of HLA variant rs6903608 with acquired TTP (pooled P = 3.95 × 10-19 ). Imputation of classic HLA genes followed by stepwise conditional analysis revealed that the combination of rs6903608 and HLA-DQB1*05:03 may explain most of the HLA association signal in acquired TTP. Our results refined the association of the HLA class II locus with acquired TTP, confirming its importance in the etiology of this autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mancini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Fondazione Luigi Villa, Milan, Italy
| | - I Ricaño-Ponce
- Genetics Department, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - E Pappalardo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Fondazione Luigi Villa, Milan, Italy
| | - A Cairo
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M M Gorski
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Fondazione Luigi Villa, Milan, Italy
| | - G Casoli
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - B Ferrari
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Alberti
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Aldo e Cele Daccò, Bergamo, Italy
| | - D Mikovic
- Hemostasis Department and Hemophilia Center, Blood Transfusion Institute of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Noris
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Aldo e Cele Daccò, Bergamo, Italy
| | - C Wijmenga
- Genetics Department, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - F Peyvandi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Fondazione Luigi Villa, Milan, Italy
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Manz J, Rodríguez E, ElSharawy A, Oesau EM, Petersen BS, Baurecht H, Mayr G, Weber S, Harder J, Reischl E, Schwarz A, Novak N, Franke A, Weidinger S. Targeted Resequencing and Functional Testing Identifies Low-Frequency Missense Variants in the Gene Encoding GARP as Significant Contributors to Atopic Dermatitis Risk. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2380-2386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The role of tight junctions in skin barrier function and dermal absorption. J Control Release 2016; 242:105-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Brunner PM, Silverberg JI, Guttman-Yassky E, Paller AS, Kabashima K, Amagai M, Luger TA, Deleuran M, Werfel T, Eyerich K, Stingl G. Increasing Comorbidities Suggest that Atopic Dermatitis Is a Systemic Disorder. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:18-25. [PMID: 27771048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis comorbidities extend well beyond the march to allergic conditions (food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis), suggesting both cutaneous and systemic immune activation. In reviewing atopic dermatitis comorbidities, Councilors of the International Eczema Council found a strong pattern of immune activation in peripheral blood and the propensity to both skin and systemic infections. Associations with cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, and malignant diseases were increasingly reported, but confirmation of their link with atopic dermatitis requires longitudinal studies. Given the possibility of atopic dermatitis-related systemic immune activation, future investigations of new interventions should concurrently examine the impact on these comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Brunner
- The Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy S Paller
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas A Luger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mette Deleuran
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Stingl
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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81
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Bin L, Leung DYM. Genetic and epigenetic studies of atopic dermatitis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 12:52. [PMID: 27777593 PMCID: PMC5069938 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-016-0158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the complex interaction of genetic, immune and environmental factors. There have many recent discoveries involving the genetic and epigenetic studies of AD. METHODS A retrospective PubMed search was carried out from June 2009 to June 2016 using the terms "atopic dermatitis", "association", "eczema", "gene", "polymorphism", "mutation", "variant", "genome wide association study", "microarray" "gene profiling", "RNA sequencing", "epigenetics" and "microRNA". A total of 132 publications in English were identified. RESULTS To elucidate the genetic factors for AD pathogenesis, candidate gene association studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomic profiling assays have been performed in this period. Epigenetic mechanisms for AD development, including genomic DNA modification and microRNA posttranscriptional regulation, have been explored. To date, candidate gene association studies indicate that filaggrin (FLG) null gene mutations are the most significant known risk factor for AD, and genes in the type 2 T helper lymphocyte (Th2) signaling pathways are the second replicated genetic risk factor for AD. GWAS studies identified 34 risk loci for AD, these loci also suggest that genes in immune responses and epidermal skin barrier functions are associated with AD. Additionally, gene profiling assays demonstrated AD is associated with decreased gene expression of epidermal differentiation complex genes and elevated Th2 and Th17 genes. Hypomethylation of TSLP and FCER1G in AD were reported; and miR-155, which target the immune suppressor CTLA-4, was found to be significantly over-expressed in infiltrating T cells in AD skin lesions. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that two major biologic pathways are responsible for AD etiology: skin epithelial function and innate/adaptive immune responses. The dysfunctional epidermal barrier and immune responses reciprocally affect each other, and thereby drive development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua Bin
- The Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Room K926i, Denver, CO 80206 USA
| | - Donald Y. M. Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Room K926i, Denver, CO 80206 USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Clinical Specialty in Allergy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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82
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Stemmler S, Hoffjan S. Trying to understand the genetics of atopic dermatitis. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:374-385. [PMID: 27725295 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and complex skin disease associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene, encoding a structural protein with an important role in epidermal barrier function, constitutes a well recognised susceptibility locus for AD. Further, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including large meta-analyses, have discovered 38 additional susceptibility loci with genome-wide significance. However, the reported variations only explain a fraction of the overall heritability of AD. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of filaggrin and the epidermal differentiation complex as well as the results of GWAS, with an emphasis on novel findings and observations made in the past two years. Additionally, we present first results of exome sequencing for AD and discuss novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Hoffjan
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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83
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84
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Degueurce G, D'Errico I, Pich C, Ibberson M, Schütz F, Montagner A, Sgandurra M, Mury L, Jafari P, Boda A, Meunier J, Rezzonico R, Brembilla NC, Hohl D, Kolios A, Hofbauer G, Xenarios I, Michalik L. Identification of a novel PPARβ/δ/miR-21-3p axis in UV-induced skin inflammation. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:919-36. [PMID: 27250636 PMCID: PMC4967944 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although excessive exposure to UV is widely recognized as a major factor leading to skin perturbations and cancer, the complex mechanisms underlying inflammatory skin disorders resulting from UV exposure remain incompletely characterized. The nuclear hormone receptor PPARβ/δ is known to control mouse cutaneous repair and UV-induced skin cancer development. Here, we describe a novel PPARβ/δ-dependent molecular cascade involving TGFβ1 and miR-21-3p, which is activated in the epidermis in response to UV exposure. We establish that the passenger miRNA miR-21-3p, that we identify as a novel UV-induced miRNA in the epidermis, plays a pro-inflammatory function in keratinocytes and that its high level of expression in human skin is associated with psoriasis and squamous cell carcinomas. Finally, we provide evidence that inhibition of miR-21-3p reduces UV-induced cutaneous inflammation in ex vivo human skin biopsies, thereby underlining the clinical relevance of miRNA-based topical therapies for cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Degueurce
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilenia D'Errico
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Pich
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Schütz
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- INRA ToxAlim, Integrative Toxicology and Metabolism, UMR1331, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Sgandurra
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Mury
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paris Jafari
- Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Service of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Akash Boda
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Meunier
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Rezzonico
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR 7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Nicolò Costantino Brembilla
- Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Geneva Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hohl
- Service de dermatologie et venereology, Hôpital de Beaumont CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Günther Hofbauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Michalik
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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85
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Fölster-Holst R, Papakonstantinou E, Rüdrich U, Buchner M, Pite H, Gehring M, Kapp A, Weidinger S, Raap U. Childhood atopic dermatitis-Brain-derived neurotrophic factor correlates with serum eosinophil cationic protein and disease severity. Allergy 2016; 71:1062-5. [PMID: 27087278 DOI: 10.1111/all.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that neurotrophins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) play a role in chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). BDNF is increased in the serum samples of adults with AD. Interestingly, eosinophils of these patients can release and produce BDNF. We analyzed BDNF serum levels with ELISA and their correlation with SCORAD score, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), total IgE, IL-4, IL-13 and IL-31 in children with AD (n = 56) compared to nonatopic healthy children (n = 25). In addition, we analyzed FLG loss-of-function mutations in 17 children with AD and their connection to BDNF. BDNF serum levels were significantly higher in children with AD. Further, BDNF correlated with disease activity, serum ECP, and total IgE serum levels in AD. There was no difference in BDNF levels of filaggrin-positive or filaggrin-negative children with AD, and there was no correlation of BDNF with IL-31 and Th2 cytokines including IL-4 and IL-13. Together, our data add new insights into the pathophysiology of AD, suggesting that serum BDNF which correlates with disease severity contributes to the regulation of inflammation in an eosinophil-, but not Th2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - E. Papakonstantinou
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - U. Rüdrich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - M. Buchner
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - H. Pite
- Allergy Center; CUF Descobertas Hospital and CUF Infante Santo Hospital; Lisbon Portugal
| | - M. Gehring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - A. Kapp
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - U. Raap
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
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86
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Marenholz I, Esparza-Gordillo J, Lee YA. The genetics of the skin barrier in eczema and other allergic disorders. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 15:426-34. [PMID: 26226353 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarize current knowledge on the genetic determinants of skin barrier deficiency in relation to eczema and disease progression to other allergic manifestations. RECENT FINDINGS There is increasing evidence that impairment of epidermal barrier function is not only a risk factor for the development of eczema but also for disease progression to allergic airway disease and food allergy. Support comes from recent association studies linking genetic variants in epidermal genes with eczema and food allergy, from monogenic diseases with severe skin barrier defects which display multiple allergic manifestations, and from mouse models providing a mechanism from skin inflammation to allergic reactions in the lung and intestine. SUMMARY The key role of the skin barrier defect in the development of eczema and eczema-associated allergic diseases may have important implications for prevention and treatment strategies. Initial clinical trials with moisturizing creams revealed promising results for the prevention of eczema in early infancy. Their long-term effects will be critical to demonstrate the potential benefit of barrier repair therapy in allergic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Marenholz
- Pediatric Allergology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany *These authors contributed equally to this work
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87
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Gabrielsen ISM, Amundsen SS, Helgeland H, Flåm ST, Hatinoor N, Holm K, Viken MK, Lie BA. Genetic risk variants for autoimmune diseases that influence gene expression in thymus. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:3117-3124. [PMID: 27199374 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have boosted our knowledge of genetic risk variants in autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Most risk variants are located within or near genes with immunological functions, and the majority is found to be non-coding, pointing towards a regulatory role. In this study, we performed a cis expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) screen restricted to 353 AID associated risk variants selected from the GWAS catalog to investigate whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence gene expression in thymus. Genotypes were obtained by Immunochip (Ichip) and tested against expression of surrounding genes (±1 Mb) in human thymic tissue (n = 42). We identified eight significant eQTLs located within seven genetic regions (FCRL3, RNASET2, C2orf74, NPIPB8, SIRPG, SYS1 and AJ006998.2) where the expression was associated with AID risk SNPs at a study-wide level of significance (P < 2.7 × 10-5). In NPIPB8 and AJ006998.2, the eQTL signals appeared to be thymus-specific. Furthermore, many AID risk SNPs from GWAS have been subsequently fine-mapped in recent Ichip projects, and fine-mapped AID SNPs overlapped with the thymic eQTLs within RNASET2 and SIRPG Finally, in all the eQTL regions, except C2orf74, SNPs underlying the thymic eQTLs were predicted to interfere with transcription factors important in T cell development. Our study therefore reveals autoimmune risk variants that act as eQTLs in thymus, and suggest that thymic gene regulation may play a functional role at some AID risk loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild S M Gabrielsen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital .,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre
| | | | - Hanna Helgeland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre
| | - Siri Tennebø Flåm
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre
| | - Nimo Hatinoor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo University College, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Holm
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation
| | - Marte K Viken
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital.,Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway and
| | - Benedicte A Lie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre
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88
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (also known as atopic eczema) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterised by intense itching and recurrent eczematous lesions. Although it most often starts in infancy and affects two of ten children, it is also highly prevalent in adults. It is the leading non-fatal health burden attributable to skin diseases, inflicts a substantial psychosocial burden on patients and their relatives, and increases the risk of food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and mental health disorders. Originally regarded as a childhood disorder mediated by an imbalance towards a T-helper-2 response and exaggerated IgE responses to allergens, it is now recognised as a lifelong disposition with variable clinical manifestations and expressivity, in which defects of the epidermal barrier are central. Present prevention and treatment focus on restoration of epidermal barrier function, which is best achieved through the use of emollients. Topical corticosteroids are still the first-line therapy for acute flares, but they are also used proactively along with topical calcineurin inhibitors to maintain remission. Non-specific immunosuppressive drugs are used in severe refractory cases, but targeted disease-modifying drugs are being developed. We need to improve understanding of the heterogeneity of the disease and its subtypes, the role of atopy and autoimmunity, the mechanisms behind disease-associated itch, and the comparative effectiveness and safety of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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89
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Lauffer F, Ring J. Target-oriented therapy: Emerging drugs for atopic dermatitis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2016; 21:81-9. [DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2016.1146681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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90
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Weidinger S, Kabesch M, Rodriguez E. Genetik und Epigenetik von allergischen Erkrankungen und Asthma. ALLERGOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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91
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Schmitt J, Schwarz K, Baurecht H, Hotze M, Fölster-Holst R, Rodríguez E, Lee YA, Franke A, Degenhardt F, Lieb W, Gieger C, Kabesch M, Nöthen MM, Irvine AD, McLean WI, Deckert S, Stephan V, Schwarz P, Aringer M, Novak N, Weidinger S. Atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, and a decreased risk for type 1 diabetes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 137:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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92
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Brüssow H. Turning the inside out: the microbiology of atopic dermatitis. Environ Microbiol 2015; 18:2089-102. [PMID: 26373255 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Allergy is on the rise worldwide. The hygiene hypothesis of atopic diseases linked microbes with atopic dermatitis (AD) both as drivers and modulators of skin pathology. The earlier literature favoured an inside-outside model of AD where an immunological abnormality compounded by a gut microbiota dysbiosis is the primary event. Probiotic intervention trials with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria as well as the application of bifidogenic oligosaccharide prebiotics showed indeed promising clinical results, but no consistent gut microbiota dysbiosis could be linked with AD. An alternative hypothesis known as outside-inside model of AD considers a genetic skin barrier effect compounded by a skin microbiota dysbiosis as primary pathogenic event. Cultivation microbiology has demonstrated strong skin colonization with superantigen-encoding Staphylococcus aureus in AD patients; microbiota and molecular microbiome analyses demonstrated that S. aureus abundance fluctuates and parallels clinical symptoms. In a mouse model, δ-toxin of S. aureus induced mast cell degranulation, leading to AD-like symptoms. Mutant mice developing AD symptoms showed increased skin colonization with S. aureus; antibiotic treatment alleviated the symptoms. Clinical trials showed that various treatments reducing S. aureus skin load also reduced AD symptoms, suggesting S. aureus as a potential critical driver of AD and a target for antimicrobial interventions other than antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Brüssow
- Nutrition & Health, Host-Microbe Interaction, Nestlé Research Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
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93
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Eyerich K, Eyerich S, Biedermann T. The Multi-Modal Immune Pathogenesis of Atopic Eczema. Trends Immunol 2015; 36:788-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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94
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Paternoster L, Standl M, Waage J, Baurecht H, Hotze M, Strachan DP, Curtin JA, Bønnelykke K, Tian C, Takahashi A, Esparza-Gordillo J, Alves AC, Thyssen JP, den Dekker HT, Ferreira MA, Altmaier E, Sleiman PM, Xiao FL, Gonzalez JR, Marenholz I, Kalb B, Yanes MP, Xu CJ, Carstensen L, Groen-Blokhuis MM, Venturini C, Pennell CE, Barton SJ, Levin AM, Curjuric I, Bustamante M, Kreiner-Møller E, Lockett GA, Bacelis J, Bunyavanich S, Myers RA, Matanovic A, Kumar A, Tung JY, Hirota T, Kubo M, McArdle WL, Henderson AJ, Kemp JP, Zheng J, Smith GD, Rüschendorf F, Bauerfeind A, Lee-Kirsch MA, Arnold A, Homuth G, Schmidt CO, Mangold E, Cichon S, Keil T, Rodríguez E, Peters A, Franke A, Lieb W, Novak N, Fölster-Holst R, Horikoshi M, Pekkanen J, Sebert S, Husemoen LL, Grarup N, de Jongste JC, Rivadeneira F, Hofman A, Jaddoe VW, Pasmans SG, Elbert NJ, Uitterlinden AG, Marks GB, Thompson PJ, Matheson MC, Robertson CF, Ried JS, Li J, Zuo XB, Zheng XD, Yin XY, Sun LD, McAleer MA, O'Regan GM, Fahy CM, Campbell LE, Macek M, Kurek M, Hu D, Eng C, Postma DS, Feenstra B, Geller F, Hottenga JJ, Middeldorp CM, Hysi P, Bataille V, Spector T, Tiesler CM, Thiering E, Pahukasahasram B, Yang JJ, Imboden M, Huntsman S, Vilor-Tejedor N, Relton CL, Myhre R, Nystad W, Custovic A, Weiss ST, Meyers DA, Söderhäll C, Melén E, Ober C, Raby BA, Simpson A, Jacobsson B, Holloway JW, Bisgaard H, Sunyer J, Hensch NMP, Williams LK, Godfrey KM, Wang CA, Boomsma DI, Melbye M, Koppelman GH, Jarvis D, McLean WI, Irvine AD, Zhang XJ, Hakonarson H, Gieger C, Burchard EG, Martin NG, Duijts L, Linneberg A, Jarvelin MR, Noethen MM, Lau S, Hübner N, Lee YA, Tamari M, Hinds DA, Glass D, Brown SJ, Heinrich J, Evans DM, Weidinger S. Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 21,000 cases and 95,000 controls identifies new risk loci for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1449-1456. [PMID: 26482879 PMCID: PMC4753676 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic association studies have identified 21 loci associated with atopic dermatitis risk predominantly in populations of European ancestry. To identify further susceptibility loci for this common complex skin disease, we performed a meta-analysis of >15 million genetic variants in 21,399 cases and 95,464 controls from populations of European, African, Japanese and Latino ancestry, followed by replication in 32,059 cases and 228,628 controls from 18 studies. We identified 10 novel risk loci, bringing the total number of known atopic dermatitis risk loci to 31 (with novel secondary signals at 4 of these). Notably, the new loci include candidate genes with roles in regulation of innate host defenses and T-cell function, underscoring the important contribution of (auto-)immune mechanisms to atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Paternoster
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Waage
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Melanie Hotze
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - John A Curtin
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chao Tian
- 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jorge Esparza-Gordillo
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Herman T den Dekker
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Elisabeth Altmaier
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Ma Sleiman
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Feng Li Xiao
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan R Gonzalez
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingo Marenholz
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Kalb
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Pino Yanes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisbeth Carstensen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria M Groen-Blokhuis
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cristina Venturini
- KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Australia
| | - Sheila J Barton
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Albert M Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ivan Curjuric
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eskil Kreiner-Møller
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gabrielle A Lockett
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jonas Bacelis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hosptial, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Supinda Bunyavanich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel A Myers
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anja Matanovic
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Wendy L McArdle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A J Henderson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John P Kemp
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jie Zheng
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Anja Bauerfeind
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Arnold
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health in Pomerania/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organisation of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK) (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Unit of Living Environment and Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life-course and Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Lise L Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Wv Jaddoe
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Niels J Elbert
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Guy B Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip J Thompson
- Lung Institute of Western Australia, QE II Medical Centre Nedlands , Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Janina S Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jin Li
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xian Bo Zuo
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Dong Zheng
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian Yong Yin
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Dan Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Maeve A McAleer
- National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Linda E Campbell
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Kurek
- Department of Clinical Allergology, Pomeranian, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christel M Middeldorp
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pirro Hysi
- KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Veronique Bataille
- KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tim Spector
- KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carla Mt Tiesler
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Badri Pahukasahasram
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - James J Yang
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Medea Imboden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caroline L Relton
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ronny Myhre
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah A Meyers
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Innovative Medicine (CIMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela Simpson
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hosptial, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicole M Probst Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Australia
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO), VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health; National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College; London, UK.,Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wh Irwin McLean
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Alan D Irvine
- National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xue Jun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Center for Life Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markus M Noethen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Lau
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mayumi Tamari
- Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Daniel Glass
- KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sara J Brown
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David M Evans
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,These authors jointly directed this work
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,These authors jointly directed this work
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95
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Cunha MLR, Meijers JCM, Middeldorp S. Introduction to the analysis of next generation sequencing data and its application to venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:920-32. [PMID: 26446408 DOI: 10.1160/th15-05-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite knowledge of various inherited risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), no definite cause can be found in about 50% of patients. The application of data-driven searches such as GWAS has not been able to identify genetic variants with implications for clinical care, and unexplained heritability remains. In the past years, the development of several so-called next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms is offering the possibility of generating fast, inexpensive and accurate genomic information. However, so far their application to VTE has been very limited. Here we review basic concepts of NGS data analysis and explore the application of NGS technology to VTE. We provide both computational and biological viewpoints to discuss potentials and challenges of NGS-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa L R Cunha
- Marisa L. R. Cunha, Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 5662824, Fax: +31 20 6968833, E-mail:
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96
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97
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Portelli MA, Hodge E, Sayers I. Genetic risk factors for the development of allergic disease identified by genome-wide association. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:21-31. [PMID: 24766371 PMCID: PMC4298800 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing proportion of the worldwide population is affected by allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic asthma and improved treatment options are needed particularly for severe, refractory disease. Allergic diseases are complex and development involves both environmental and genetic factors. Although the existence of a genetic component for allergy was first described almost 100 years ago, progress in gene identification has been hindered by lack of high throughput technologies to investigate genetic variation in large numbers of subjects. The development of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), a hypothesis-free method of interrogating large numbers of common variants spanning the entire genome in disease and non-disease subjects has revolutionised our understanding of the genetics of allergic disease. Susceptibility genes for asthma, AR and AD have now been identified with confidence, suggesting there are common and distinct genetic loci associated with these diseases, providing novel insights into potential disease pathways and mechanisms. Genes involved in both adaptive and innate immune mechanisms have been identified, notably including multiple genes involved in epithelial function/secretion, suggesting that the airway epithelium may be particularly important in asthma. Interestingly, concordance/discordance between the genetic factors driving allergic traits such as IgE levels and disease states such as asthma have further supported the accumulating evidence for heterogeneity in these diseases. While GWAS have been useful and continue to identify novel genes for allergic diseases through increased sample sizes and phenotype refinement, future approaches will integrate analyses of rare variants, epigenetic mechanisms and eQTL approaches, leading to greater insight into the genetic basis of these diseases. Gene identification will improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and generate potential therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Portelli
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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98
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Fischer A, Ellinghaus D, Nutsua M, Hofmann S, Montgomery CG, Iannuzzi MC, Rybicki BA, Petrek M, Mrazek F, Pabst S, Grohé C, Grunewald J, Ronninger M, Eklund A, Padyukov L, Mihailovic-Vucinic V, Jovanovic D, Sterclova M, Homolka J, Nöthen MM, Herms S, Gieger C, Strauch K, Winkelmann J, Boehm BO, Brand S, Büning C, Schürmann M, Ellinghaus E, Baurecht H, Lieb W, Nebel A, Müller-Quernheim J, Franke A, Schreiber S. Identification of Immune-Relevant Factors Conferring Sarcoidosis Genetic Risk. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:727-36. [PMID: 26051272 PMCID: PMC4595678 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0418oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Genetic variation plays a significant role in the etiology of sarcoidosis. However, only a small fraction of its heritability has been explained so far. OBJECTIVES To define further genetic risk loci for sarcoidosis, we used the Immunochip for a candidate gene association study of immune-associated loci. METHODS Altogether the study population comprised over 19,000 individuals. In a two-stage design, 1,726 German sarcoidosis cases and 5,482 control subjects were genotyped for 128,705 single-nucleotide polymorphisms using the Illumina Immunochip for the screening step. The remaining 3,955 cases, 7,514 control subjects, and 684 parents of affected offspring were used for validation and replication of 44 candidate and two established risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Four novel susceptibility loci were identified with genome-wide significance in the European case-control populations, located on chromosomes 12q24.12 (rs653178; ATXN2/SH2B3), 5q33.3 (rs4921492; IL12B), 4q24 (rs223498; MANBA/NFKB1), and 2q33.2 (rs6748088; FAM117B). We further defined three independent association signals in the HLA region with genome-wide significance, peaking in the BTNL2 promoter region (rs5007259), at HLA-B (rs4143332/HLA-B*0801) and at HLA-DPB1 (rs9277542), and found another novel independent signal near IL23R (rs12069782) on chromosome 1p31.3. CONCLUSIONS Functional predictions and protein network analyses suggest a prominent role of the drug-targetable IL23/Th17 signaling pathway in the genetic etiology of sarcoidosis. Our findings reveal a substantial genetic overlap of sarcoidosis with diverse immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, which could be of relevance for the clinical application of modern therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Fischer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcel Nutsua
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sylvia Hofmann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Courtney G. Montgomery
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Martin Petrek
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Mrazek
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Christian Grohé
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Evangelische Lungenklinik Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine and CMM, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ronninger
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine and CMM, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Eklund
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine and CMM, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Thoracic Oncology and ILD Department, University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Martina Sterclova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Thomayer Hospital and 1 Medical Faculty and
| | - Jiri Homolka
- 1st Lung Department, Prague General Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics and
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics and
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Genomics Group, Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II and
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology and
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology and
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, MRI
- Department of Neurology, MRI, and
| | - Bernhard O. Boehm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
- LKCMedicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Brand
- Department of Medicine II–Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Büning
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Graduate School of Information Science in Health, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology, and
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Popgen Biobank, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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99
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Gruber R, Börnchen C, Rose K, Daubmann A, Volksdorf T, Wladykowski E, Vidal-Y-Sy S, Peters EM, Danso M, Bouwstra JA, Hennies HC, Moll I, Schmuth M, Brandner JM. Diverse regulation of claudin-1 and claudin-4 in atopic dermatitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2777-89. [PMID: 26319240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tight junctions are important for skin barrier function. The tight junction protein claudin 1 (Cldn-1) has been reported to be down-regulated in nonlesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. In contrast, we did not observe a significant down-regulation of Cldn-1 in nonlesional skin of the AD cohort used in this study. However, for the first time, a significant down-regulation of Cldn-1 in the upper and lower epidermal layers of lesional skin was detected. In addition, there was a significant up-regulation of Cldn-4 in nonlesional, but not lesional, AD skin. For occludin, no significant alterations were observed. In an AD-like allergic dermatitis mouse model, Cldn-1 down-regulation in eczema was significantly influenced by dermal inflammation, and significantly correlated with hallmarks of eczema (ie, increased keratinocyte proliferation, altered keratinocyte differentiation, increased epidermal thickness, and impaired barrier function). In human epidermal equivalents, the addition of IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31 resulted in a down-regulation of Cldn-1, and Cldn1 knockdown in keratinocytes resulted in abnormal differentiation. In summary, we provide the first evidence that Cldn-1 and Cldn-4 are differentially involved in AD pathogenesis. Our data suggest a role of Cldn-1 in AD eczema formation triggered by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christian Börnchen
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Rose
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Daubmann
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Volksdorf
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ewa Wladykowski
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Vidal-Y-Sy
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva M Peters
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mogbekeloluwa Danso
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joke A Bouwstra
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans C Hennies
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingrid Moll
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna M Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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100
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Spontaneous atopic dermatitis is mediated by innate immunity, with the secondary lung inflammation of the atopic march requiring adaptive immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:482-91. [PMID: 26299987 PMCID: PMC4735016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition that can occur in early life, predisposing to asthma development in a phenomenon known as the atopic march. Although genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to AD and asthma, the mechanisms underlying the atopic march remain poorly understood. Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations are a major genetic predisposer for the development of AD and progression to AD-associated asthma. Objective We sought to experimentally address whether filaggrin mutations in mice lead to the development of spontaneous eczematous inflammation and address the aberrant immunologic milieu arising in a mouse model of filaggrin deficiency. Methods Filaggrin mutant mice were generated on the proallergic BALB/c background, creating a novel model for the assessment of spontaneous AD-like inflammation. Independently recruited AD case collections were analyzed to define associations between filaggrin mutations and immunologic phenotypes. Results Filaggrin-deficient mice on a BALB/c background had profound spontaneous AD-like inflammation with progression to compromised pulmonary function with age, reflecting the atopic march in patients with AD. Strikingly, skin inflammation occurs independently of adaptive immunity and is associated with cutaneous expansion of IL-5–producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Furthermore, subjects with filaggrin mutations have an increased frequency of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the skin in comparison with control subjects. Conclusion This study provides new insights into our understanding of the atopic march, with innate immunity initiating dermatitis and the adaptive immunity required for subsequent development of compromised lung function.
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