51
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Jeong W, Kang J, Jeong MK, Won JH, Jung IH. Development of low bandgap polymers for red and near-infrared fullerene-free organic photodetectors. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01694f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two low bandgap donor polymers, PDTPTT and PCPDTTT, were synthesized and their photodetecting properties were investigated under a 680 nm red LED.
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Affiliation(s)
- WonJo Jeong
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Kang
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Moon-Ki Jeong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Won
- Department of Chemistry
- Kookmin University
- Seoul 02707
- Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
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52
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Ko J, Berger R, Lee H, Yoon H, Cho J, Char K. Electronic effects of nano-confinement in functional organic and inorganic materials for optoelectronics. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3585-3628. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01501f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the electronic effects of nano-confinement (from 1D to 3D geometries) on optoelectronic materials and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkuk Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Physics at Interfaces
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 01811
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Yoon
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 01811
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhan Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology
| | - Kookheon Char
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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53
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Bai Y, Xue LW, Wang HQ, Zhang ZG. Research Advances on Benzotriazole-based Organic Photovoltaic Materials. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21050193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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54
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Li W, Huang X, Zeng T, Liu YA, Hu W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wen K. Thiazolo[5,4‐
d
]thiazole‐Based Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Sunlight‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Tengwu Zeng
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry ChemBridge Research Laboratories San Diego CA 92127 USA
| | - Weibo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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55
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Li W, Huang X, Zeng T, Liu YA, Hu W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wen K. Thiazolo[5,4‐
d
]thiazole‐Based Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Sunlight‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1869-1874. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Tengwu Zeng
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry ChemBridge Research Laboratories San Diego CA 92127 USA
| | - Weibo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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56
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Murad AR, Iraqi A, Aziz SB, Abdullah SN, Brza MA, Saeed SR, Abdulwahid RT. Fabrication of Alternating Copolymers Based on Cyclopentadithiophene-Benzothiadiazole Dicarboxylic Imide with Reduced Optical Band Gap: Synthesis, Optical, Electrochemical, Thermal, and Structural Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E63. [PMID: 33375228 PMCID: PMC7795047 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of alternating copolymers containing cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) flanked by thienyl moieties as electron-donor units and benzothiadiazole dicarboxylic imide (BTDI) as electron-acceptor units were designed and synthesized for solar cell applications. Different solubilizing side chains, including 2-ethylhexyl chains and n-octyl chains were attached to CPDT units, whereas 3,7-dimethyloctyl chains and n-octyl chains were anchored to the BTDI moieties. The impact of these substituents on the solubilities, molecular weights, optical and electrochemical properties, and thermal and structural properties of the resulting polymers was investigated. PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO was synthesized via Suzuki polymerization, whereas PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO, and PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, 8 were prepared through direct arylation polymerization. PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO has the highest number average molecular weight (Mn = 17,400 g mol-1) among all polymers prepared. The PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO and PCPDTDTBTDI-8, 8 which have n-octyl substituents on their CPDT units have comparable optical band gaps (Eg ~ 1.3 eV), which are around 0.1 eV lower than PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO analogues that have 2-ethylhexyl substituents on their CPDT units. The polymers have their HOMO levels between -5.10 and -5.22 eV with PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO having the deepest highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of the polymers are between -3.4 and -3.5 eV. All polymers exhibit good thermal stability with decomposition temperatures surpassing 350 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have shown that all polymers have the amorphous nature in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary R. Murad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal 46023, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq;
| | - Mohamad A. Brza
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia
| | - Salah R. Saeed
- Charmo Research Center, Charmo University, Chamchamal 46023, Iraq;
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
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57
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Lee TH, Park SY, Du X, Park S, Zhang K, Li N, Cho S, Brabec CJ, Kim JY. Effects on Photovoltaic Characteristics by Organic Bilayer- and Bulk-Heterojunctions: Energy Losses, Carrier Recombination and Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55945-55953. [PMID: 33270428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the photovoltaic characteristics of organic solar cells (OSCs) for two distinctly different nanostructures, by comparing the charge carrier dynamics for bilayer- and bulk-heterojunction OSCs. Most interestingly, both architectures exhibit fairly similar power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), reflecting a comparable critical domain size for charge generation and charge recombination. Although this is, at first hand, surprising, a detailed analysis points out the similarity between these two concepts. A bulk-heterojunction architecture arranges the charge generating domains in a 3D ensemble across the whole bulk, while bilayer architectures arrange the specific domains on top of each other, rather than sharp bilayers. Specifically, for the polymer PBDB-T-2F, we find that the enhanced charge generation in a bulk composite is partially compensated by reduced recombination in the bilayer architecture, when nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) are used instead of a fullerene acceptor. Overall, we demonstrate that bilayer-heterojunction OSCs with NFAs can reach competitive PCEs compared to the corresponding bulk-heterojunction OSCs because of reduced nonradiative open-circuit voltage losses, and suppressed trap-assisted recombination, as a result of a vertically separated donor-to-acceptor nanostructure. In contrast, the bilayer-heterojunction OSCs with the fullerene acceptor exhibited poor photovoltaic characteristics compared to the corresponding bulk devices because of highly aggregated acceptor molecules on top of the polymer donor. Although free carrier generation is reduced in a in a bilayer-heterojunction, because of reduced donor/acceptor interfaces and a limited exciton diffusion length, more favorable transport pathways for unipolar charge collection can partially compensate the aforementioned disadvantages. We propose that the unique properties of NFAs may open a technical venue for the bilayer-heterojunction as a great and easy alternative to the bulk heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tack Ho Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Song Yi Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürenberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Sujung Park
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center (EHSRC), University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Kaicheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürenberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center (EHSRC), University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürenberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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58
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Xu G, Rao H, Liao X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xing Z, Hu T, Tan L, Chen L, Chen Y. Reducing Energy Loss and Morphology Optimization Manipulated by Molecular Geometry Engineering for Hetero‐junction Organic Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Xu
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University Linköping SE‐581 83 Sweden
| | - Huan Rao
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Xunfan Liao
- Institute of Advanced Scientific Research (iASR), Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 China
| | - Youdi Zhang
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University Linköping SE‐581 83 Sweden
| | - Zhi Xing
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Ting Hu
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Licheng Tan
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Lie Chen
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
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59
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Thickness Optimization and Photovoltaic Properties of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on PFB–PCBM Layer. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13225915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report on the fabrication and study of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells based on a novel combination of a donor–acceptor poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(N,N0-diphenyl)-N,N′di(p-butyl-oxy-pheyl)-1,4-diamino-benzene) (PFB) and [6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend composed of 1:1 by volume. indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/PFB–PCBM/Ag BHJ solar cells are fabricated by a facile cost-effective spin-coating technique. The thickness of the active film (PFB–PCBM) plays an important role in the efficiency of light absorption, exciton creation, and dissociation into free charges that results in higher power conversion efficiency (PCE). In order to optimize the PCE as a function of active layer thickness, a number of solar cells are fabricated with different thicknesses of PFB–PCBM films at 120, 140, 160, 180, and 200 nm, and their photovoltaic characteristics are investigated. It is observed that the device with a 180 nm thick film demonstrates a maximum PCE of 2.9% with a fill factor (FF) of 53% under standard testing conditions (STC) (25 °C, 1.5 AM global, and 100 mW/cm2). The current–voltage (I-V) properties of the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFB–PCBM/Ag BHJ devices are also measured in dark conditions to measure and understand different parameters of the heterojunction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy for the PFB–PCBM film of optimal thickness (180 nm) are carried out to understand the effect of surface morphology on the PCE and bandgap of the blend, respectively. The AFM micrographs show a slightly non-uniform and rough surface with an average surface roughness (Ra) of 29.2 nm. The UV-vis measurements of the PFB–PCBM blend exhibit a reduced optical bandgap of ≈2.34 eV as compared to that of pristine PFB (2.88 eV), which results in an improved absorption of light and excitons generation. The obtained results for the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFB–PCBM (180 nm)/Ag BHJ device are compared with the ones previously reported for the P3HT–PCBM blend with the same film thickness. It is observed that the PFB–PCBM-based BHJ device has shown two times higher open circuit voltage (Voc) and, hence, enhanced the efficiency.
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60
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R. Murad A, Iraqi A, Aziz SB, N. Abdullah S, Brza MA. Conducting Polymers for Optoelectronic Devices and Organic Solar Cells: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2627. [PMID: 33182241 PMCID: PMC7695322 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review paper, we present a comprehensive summary of the different organic solar cell (OSC) families. Pure and doped conjugated polymers are described. The band structure, electronic properties, and charge separation process in conjugated polymers are briefly described. Various techniques for the preparation of conjugated polymers are presented in detail. The applications of conductive polymers for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are explained thoroughly. The architecture of organic polymer solar cells including single layer, bilayer planar heterojunction, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) are described. Moreover, designing conjugated polymers for photovoltaic applications and optimizations of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are discussed. Principles of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells are addressed. Finally, strategies for band gap tuning and characteristics of solar cell are presented. In this article, several processing parameters such as the choice of solvent(s) for spin casting film, thermal and solvent annealing, solvent additive, and blend composition that affect the nano-morphology of the photoactive layer are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary R. Murad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimani 46023, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
- Department of Civil engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq;
| | - Mohamad A. Brza
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia;
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61
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Wang W, Li Y, Zhan C, Xiao S, Tang C, Li G, Lu X, Zhang Q. Bis(thieno[3,2- b]thieno)cyclopentafluorene-Based Acceptor with Efficient and Comparable Photovoltaic Performance under Various Processing Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49876-49885. [PMID: 33089683 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blend within a polymer solar cell (PSC) device plays a crucial role in its performance. The ideal morphology is generally achieved through molecular engineering and optimization under film processing conditions. Under different processing conditions, the deviation of the resulted morphology characteristics from the ideal one leads to the dispersion of device performance. For a specific donor/acceptor BHJ blend, it is of great challenge to maintain an efficient and comparable photovoltaic performance under various processing conditions. The solution to this challenge would be of great value in offering more choices for a suitable processing technology in practical applications. Based on the acceptor BTTFIC with the core of bis(thieno[3,2-b]thieno)cyclopentafluorene (BTTF) in our previous work, we chemically modified BTTFIC by fluorination of the end groups of 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanones (IC) and the switching part of octyls in BTTF with 4-hexylphenyls to offer a novel acceptor (BTTFIC4F-Ar). The inverted PBDB-T-2Cl:BTTFIC4F-Ar blend device provided an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.61, 11.08, and 11.55% when processed under solvent annealing (SA), thermal annealing (TA), and additive treatment with 1,8-diodooctane (DIO), respectively. Different from the reported discrete performance under various processing conditions for a specific donor/acceptor BHJ blend, a low mean absolute performance deviation of 3% was attained. This slight enhancement trend was unexceptionally reflected on charge generation, transportation, and recombination within the blend films from SA, TA, and DIO conditions. A slightly improved ordering of BTTFIC4F-Ar within the DIO blend was observed. Meanwhile, very similar molecular packings as well as a close amorphous domain size of the mixture of PBDB-T-2Cl and BTTFIC4F-Ar within the three blends were observed. These morphological characteristics are in good agreement with the photoelectrical conversion performance of the blends under the three processing conditions. Furthermore, similar attenuation behaviors in performance were also observed. This investigation may provide new guidance on the molecular engineering of nonfullerene acceptors to achieve an efficient BHJ blend with more options for a suitable and cost-effective processing method in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chenqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Gongchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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62
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Eze VO, Seike Y, Mori T. Synergistic Effect of Additive and Solvent Vapor Annealing on the Enhancement of MAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated in Ambient Air. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:46837-46845. [PMID: 32936610 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To date, most high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated in an inert or vacuum condition to circumvent the moisture effect, which is one of the leading causes of sparse crystal nucleation and nonuniform morphology. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a simple approach to deposit a uniform and homogeneous perovskite on a planar substrate in ambient air for the mass production of PSCs. Herein, we investigated the synergistic effect of additive 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) and solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatments on the performance of PSCs fabricated in ambient air. It was found that the addition of 1 vol % DIO together with SVA treatment results in the enhancement of the perovskite film's crystallinity, grain size, and photophysical properties. PSCs containing 1 vol % DIO additive and SVA treatment exhibited a power conversion of efficiency (PCE) of 17.04%, which is markedly higher than the control device with a PCE of 10.61%. The results indicate that the additive DIO and SVA can work together to significantly improve the performance of PSCs fabricated in ambient air. This work provides a promising route for developing high-performance PSCs in the ambient environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Obiozo Eze
- Department of Electricity and Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-Cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
- High-Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Yoshiyuki Seike
- Department of Electricity and Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-Cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Mori
- Department of Electricity and Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-Cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
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63
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Nair SS, Mishra SK, Kumar D. Review – polymeric materials for energy harvesting and storage applications. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1826519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita S Nair
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Polymer Technology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | | | - D. Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Polymer Technology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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64
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Yu Z, Lu Y, Wang J, Pei J. Conformation Control of Conjugated Polymers. Chemistry 2020; 26:16194-16205. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Di Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jie‐Yu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jian Pei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
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65
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Wadsworth A, Hamid Z, Kosco J, Gasparini N, McCulloch I. The Bulk Heterojunction in Organic Photovoltaic, Photodetector, and Photocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001763. [PMID: 32754970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors require an energetic offset in order to photogenerate free charge carriers efficiently, owing to their inability to effectively screen charges. This is vitally important in order to achieve high power conversion efficiencies in organic solar cells. Early heterojunction-based solar cells were limited to relatively modest efficiencies (<4%) owing to limitations such as poor exciton dissociation, limited photon harvesting, and high recombination losses. The development of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) has significantly overcome these issues, resulting in dramatic improvements in organic photovoltaic performance, now exceeding 18% power conversion efficiencies. Here, the design and engineering strategies used to develop the optimal bulk heterojunction for solar-cell, photodetector, and photocatalytic applications are discussed. Additionally, the thermodynamic driving forces in the creation and stability of the bulk heterojunction are presented, along with underlying photophysics in these blends. Finally, new opportunities to apply the knowledge accrued from BHJ solar cells to generate free charges for use in promising new applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Zeinab Hamid
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jan Kosco
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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66
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Hidayat AT, Benten H, Ohta N, Na Y, Muraoka A, Kojima H, Jung MC, Nakamura M. Enhancement of Short-Range Ordering of Low-Bandgap Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymer in Polymer/Polymer Blend Films. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjar Taufik Hidayat
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Benten
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Noboru Ohta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yunju Na
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Azusa Muraoka
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kojima
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Min-Cherl Jung
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Masakazu Nakamura
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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67
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Zeng R, Du S, Gong Y, Bai Y, Hu S, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Tan Z. Facile Method of Solvent-Flushing To Building Component Distribution within Photoactive Layers for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31459-31466. [PMID: 32551514 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Suitable donor and acceptor distribution in the blended photoactive layer benefits the charge transfer and exciton separation to boost the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we propose a universal solvent-flushing method for building component distribution in photoactive layers based on the different solubilities of the donor and acceptor in acetylacetone (Acac). The donor and acceptor concentration distribution through the photoactive layers is investigated by the time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopy, and the surface concentration changes are examined by contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy tests. The charge-transfer properties of OSCs before and after Acac flushing are further investigated by the rectification ratio and light intensity-dependent Jsc and Voc measurements. For inverted OSCs based on PBDB-TF:IT-4F, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhances from 12.87 to 14.05%, and for a PBDB-TF:Y6-based device, the PCE also significantly increases from 15.40 to 16.51% because of greatly enhanced Jsc and FF, benefited from enhanced charge transport and suppressed charge recombination by solvent-flushing. Our findings suggest that solvent-flushing is a simply processed and easily controlled method to achieve vertical component distribution in photoactive layers to boost the performance of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuxian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongshuai Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yiming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Siqian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Tasawar Hayat
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsaedi
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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68
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Khalili K, Inhester L, Arnold C, Gertsen AS, Andreasen JW, Santra R. Simulation of time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy of ultrafast dynamics in particle-hole-excited 4-(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2020; 7:044101. [PMID: 32665964 PMCID: PMC7340508 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To date, alternating co-polymers based on electron-rich and electron-poor units are the most attractive materials to control functionality of organic semiconductor layers in which ultrafast excited-state processes play a key role. We present a computational study of the photoinduced excited-state dynamics of the 4-(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT-1T) molecule, which is a common building block in the backbone of π-conjugated polymers used for organic electronics. In contrast to homo-polymer materials, such as oligothiophene, BT-1T has two non-identical units, namely, thiophene and benzothiadiazole, making it attractive for intramolecular charge transfer studies. To gain a thorough understanding of the coupling of excited-state dynamics with nuclear motion, we consider a scenario based on femtosecond time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy using an x-ray free-electron laser in combination with a synchronized ultraviolet femtosecond laser. Using Tully's fewest switches surface hopping approach in combination with excited-state calculations at the level of configuration interaction singles, we calculate the gas-phase x-ray absorption spectrum at the carbon and nitrogen K edges as a function of time after excitation to the lowest electronically excited state. The results of our time-resolved calculations exhibit the charge transfer driven by non-Born-Oppenheimer physics from the benzothiadiazole to thiophene units during relaxation to the ground state. Furthermore, our ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the excited-state relaxation processes involve bond elongation in the benzothiadiazole unit as well as thiophene ring puckering at a time scale of 100 fs. We show that these dynamical trends can be identified from the time-dependent x-ray absorption spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Khalili
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anders S. Gertsen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Wenzel Andreasen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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69
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Ding Y, Zhang X, Feng H, Ke X, Meng L, Sun Y, Guo Z, Cai Y, Jiao C, Wan X, Li C, Zheng N, Xie Z, Chen Y. Subtle Morphology Control with Binary Additives for High-Efficiency Non-Fullerene Acceptor Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27425-27432. [PMID: 32466636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Adding an additive is one of the effective strategies to fine-tune active layer morphology and improve performance of organic solar cells. In this work, a binary additive 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) and 2,6-dimethoxynaphthalene (DMON) to optimize the morphology of PBDB-T:TTC8-O1-4F-based devices is reported. With the binary additive, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.22% was achieved, which is higher than those of devices using DIO (12.05%) or DMON (11.19%) individually. Comparison studies demonstrate that DIO can induce the acceptor TTC8-O1-4F to form ordered packing, while DMON can inhibit excessive aggregation of the donor and acceptor. With the synergistic effect of these two additives, the PBDB-T:TTC8-O1-4F blend film with DIO and DMON exhibits a suitable phase separation and crystallite size, leading to a high short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 23.04 mA·cm-2 and a fill factor of 0.703 and thus improved PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huanran Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Ke
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lingxian Meng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanna Sun
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yao Cai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cancan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South, China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South, China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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70
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Dikcal F, Topal S, Unal M, Ozturk T. Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Polymers Based on Dithienothiophene and Bithiazole. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Dikcal
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science & LettersIstanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
- Istanbul Sisli Vocational School Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sebahat Topal
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science & LettersIstanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Murat Unal
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science & LettersIstanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Turan Ozturk
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science & LettersIstanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
- TUBITAK-UMEChemistry Group Laboratories Kocaeli Turkey
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71
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Shahid B, Zhu D, Wang Q, Yuan X, Ismail I, Wu Y, Du Z, Yang R. Halogenation effect promoted low bandgap polymers based on asymmetric isoindigo unit with low energy loss. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Shahid
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Dangqiang Zhu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
| | - Qian Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
| | - Xiyue Yuan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Irfan Ismail
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou China
| | - Yao Wu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
| | - Zurong Du
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
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72
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Pigot C, Noirbent G, Brunel D, Dumur F. Recent advances on push–pull organic dyes as visible light photoinitiators of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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73
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Kok C, Doyranli C, Canımkurbey B, Pıravadılı Mucur S, Koyuncu S. Effect of thiophene linker addition to fluorene-benzotriazole polymers with the purpose of achieving white emission in OLEDs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18639-18647. [PMID: 35518315 PMCID: PMC9053908 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the purpose of obtaining white emission from single layer organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), fluorene benzotriazole based polymers with double bond subunits (namely TP2 and SP3 with and without thiophene linker, respectively) were synthesized by a Suzuki cross-coupling polymerization reaction. SP3 and TP2 were used as an emissive layer of the OLED devices due to their outstanding solubility in organic solvents, photoluminescence intensity and morphological suitability for fine thin film-forming capability. The optical, electrochemical, light emission and electroluminescence characteristics, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and admittance spectroscopic analysis of OLEDs based on SP3 and TP2 were realized in detail to understand the effects of thiophene linker addition as a donor unit to the main chain of fluorene benzotriazole based polymers. As a result, TP2 emitted a bright yellow emission with a maximum brightness of 243 cd m−2 at 40 mA cm−2, and a maximum current efficiency of 1.38 cd A−1 with more broad electroluminescence characteristics than SP3 polymer without the thiophene linker. SP3 emitted a greenish yellow emission with a maximum brightness of 1001 cd m−2 at 845 mA cm−2, and a maximum current efficiency of 0.33 cd A−1. Carrier transport properties, charge carrier transit time and the equivalent circuit modelling studies were obtained through admittance spectroscopy. An equivalent circuit model with a combination of two resistors and one capacitor explained the charge conduction mechanism of SP3 and TP2 based OLEDs. SP3 and TP2 OLED devices represented typical p-type transporting characteristics with mobilities of 0.073 and 0.017 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively with simplified device configuration. All the results indicate that thiophene addition to the main chain of fluorene benzotriazole based polymers with double bond subunits lead to a promising candidate for white emissive materials used in single layer white OLEDs. Fluorene-benzotriazole based polymers with double bound subunits were prepared for white light electroluminescence applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Kok
- Department of Energy Resources and Management, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17020 Çanakkale Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ceylan Doyranli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Betül Canımkurbey
- S. Şerefeddin Health Services Vocational School, Amasya University Amasya 05100 Turkey.,Central Research Laboratory, Amasya University 05100 Amasya Turkey
| | - Selin Pıravadılı Mucur
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center (MAM), The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) 41470 Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Department of Energy Resources and Management, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17020 Çanakkale Turkey.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17100 Canakkale Turkey
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74
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Wang N, Yu Y, Zhao R, Ding Z, Liu J, Wang L. Improving Active Layer Morphology of All-Polymer Solar Cells by Solution Temperature. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yingjian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Ruyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
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75
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Liu G, Li T, Zhan X, Wu H, Cao Y. High-Sensitivity Visible-Near Infrared Organic Photodetectors Based on Non-Fullerene Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17769-17775. [PMID: 32200623 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive solution-processed organic photodetectors (OPDs) with a broadband response ranging from visible to near infrared (NIR) and excellent overall device performance are demonstrated. The OPDs were fabricated from a blend consisting of a wide-band gap polymer donor and a newly developed fused octacylic small-molecule electron acceptor with an acceptor-donor-acceptor structure, which shows relatively high and balanced hole/electron mobility and allows for a thicker photo-active layer (∼300 nm). In conjunction with the use of an optimized inverted device structure, the dark current density of the OPDs was suppressed to an ultralow level of (8.3 ± 5.5) × 10-10A cm-2 at a bias of -1 V and the capability to direct weak light intensity is down to 0.24 pW cm-2; both are among the lowest reported values for OPDs. Owing to the low shot noise enabled by the inverted structure and the low thermal noise due to the high shunt resistance of the device, the obtained OPDs show a spectrally flat photoresponse in the range of 350-950 nm (UV-vis-NIR) and a maximal specific detectivity (D*) of (2.1 ± 0.1) × 1013 Jones at 800-900 nm, which are among the best results of NIR OPDs reported to date and represents a highly sensitive photodetector for weak optical signal detection. Besides, the OPDs show a wide bandwidth of 30 kHz, a fast temporal response time around 12 us ∼14 us, and a large linear dynamic range of 106 dB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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76
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Li S, Pokuri BSS, Ryno SM, Nkansah A, De'Vine C, Ganapathysubramanian B, Risko C. Determination of the Free Energies of Mixing of Organic Solutions through a Combined Molecular Dynamics and Bayesian Statistics Approach. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:1424-1431. [PMID: 31935097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As new generations of thin-film semiconductors are moving toward solution-based processing, the development of printing formulations will require information pertaining to the free energies of mixing of complex mixtures. From the standpoint of in silico material design, this move necessitates the development of methods that can accurately and quickly evaluate these formulations in order to maximize processing speed and reproducibility. Here, we make use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, in combination with the two-phase thermodynamic (2PT) model, to explore the free energy of mixing surfaces for a series of halogenated solvents and high-boiling point solvent additives used in the development of thin-film organic semiconductors. Although the combined methods generally show good agreement with available experimental data, the computational cost to traverse the free-energy landscape is considerable. Hence, we demonstrate how a Bayesian optimization scheme, coupled with the MD and 2PT approaches, can drastically reduce the number of simulations required, in turn shrinking both the computational cost and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | | | - Sean M Ryno
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Asare Nkansah
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Camron De'Vine
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | | | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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77
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Fu J, Chen S, Yang K, Jung S, Lv J, Lan L, Chen H, Hu D, Yang Q, Duan T, Kan Z, Yang C, Sun K, Lu S, Xiao Z, Li Y. A "σ-Hole"-Containing Volatile Solid Additive Enabling 16.5% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells. iScience 2020; 23:100965. [PMID: 32199291 PMCID: PMC7082553 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we introduce a σ-hole-containing volatile solid additive, 1, 4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (A3), in PM6:Y6-based OSCs. Aside from the appropriate volatility of A3 additive, the synergetic halogen interactions between A3 and photoactive matrix contribute to more condensed and ordered molecular arrangement in the favorable interpenetrating donor/acceptor domains. As a result, greatly accelerated charge transport process with suppressed charge recombination possibility is observed and ultimately a champion PCE value of 16.5% is achieved. Notably, the A3 treated OSCs can maintain a high efficiency of over 16.0% in a wide concentration range of A3 additive between 10 and 35 mg/mL. The A3-treated device shows excellent stability with an efficiency of 15.9% after 360-h storage. This work demonstrates that the σ-hole interaction can be applied to enhance the OSC performance and highlights the importance of non-covalent interactions in the optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehao Fu
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Ke Yang
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Sungwoo Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Lv
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Linkai Lan
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Dingqin Hu
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Qianguang Yang
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Tainan Duan
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Kan
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Shirong Lu
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China.
| | - Zeyun Xiao
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China.
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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78
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Ko J, Kim Y, Kang JS, Berger R, Yoon H, Char K. Enhanced Vertical Charge Transport of Homo- and Blended Semiconducting Polymers by Nanoconfinement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908087. [PMID: 31984584 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of conjugated polymers has critical influences on electronic and optical properties of optoelectronic devices. Even though lots of techniques and methods are suggested to control the morphology of polymers, very few studies have been performed inducing high charge transport along out-of-plane direction. In this study, the self-assembly of homo- and blended conjugated polymers which are confined in nanostructures is utilized. The resulting structures lead to high charge mobility along vertical direction for both homo- and blended conjugated polymers. Both semicrystalline and amorphous polymers show highly increased population of face-on crystallite despite intrinsic crystallinity of polymers. They result in more than two orders of magnitude enhanced charge mobility along vertical direction revealed by nanoscale conductive scanning force microscopy and macroscale IV characteristic measurements. Moreover, blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers, which are known to show inferior optical and electrical properties due to their structural incompatibility, are formed into harmonious states by this approach. Assembly of blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers under nanoconfinement shows charge mobility in out-of-plane direction of 0.73 cm2 V-1 s-1 with wide range of absorption wavelength from 300 to 750 nm demonstrating the synergistic effects of two different polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkuk Ko
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Youngkeol Kim
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kang
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hyunsik Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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79
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Xu Z, Pan F, Sun C, Hong S, Chen S, Yang C, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Russell TP, Li Y, Wang D. Understanding the Morphology of High-Performance Solar Cells Based on a Low-Cost Polymer Donor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9537-9544. [PMID: 32013381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and high-performance bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell comprising an emerging polymer donor, poly[(thiophene)-alt-(6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hexyldecyloxy)quinoxaline)] (PTQ10), shows an efficiency of 12.7%. To improve the performance of the solar cells, a better understanding of the structure-property relationships of the PTQ10-based devices is crucial. Here, we fabricate PTQ10/nonfullerene and fullerene BHJ devices, including PTQ10/IDIC, PTQ10/ITIC, and PTQ10/PC71BM, processed with or without thermal annealing and additive and provide detailed descriptions of the relationships between the morphology and performance. PTQ10 is found to be highly miscible with nonfullerene IDIC and ITIC acceptors and poorly miscible with fullerene PC71BM acceptors. Thermal annealing promotes the crystallization of PTQ10 and phase separation of all PTQ10/IDIC, PTQ10/ITIC, and PTQ10/PC71BM devices, leading to an increased power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the PTQ10/IDIC and PTQ10/ITIC devices but a decreased PCE of PTQ10/PC71BM devices with 1,8-di-iodooctane (DIO) additive. Without thermal annealing, DIO greatly improves the morphology of PTQ10/PC71BM, leading to a higher PCE. The results show that the degree of phase separation and ordering in the PTQ10-based devices significantly influences device performance. The morphology-property correlations demonstrated will assist in the rational design of these low-cost polymer donor-based solar cells to achieve even higher performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chenkai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Song Hong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , China
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798 , South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798 , South Korea
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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80
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El‐Shehawy AA, Abdo NI, El‐Hendawy MM, Abdallah AI, Lee J. Dialkylthienosilole and
N
‐alkyldithienopyrrole‐based copolymers: Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nabiha I. Abdo
- Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology New Borg El‐Arab City Egypt
| | | | | | - Jae‐Suk Lee
- School of Material Science and Engineering, the Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis and Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energy (RISE)Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) Gwangju Republic of Korea
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81
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Abuelwafa A, Dongol M, El-Nahass M, Soga T. Role of Platinum Octaethylporphyrin(PtOEP) in PCPDTBT: PCBM solar cell performance. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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82
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Bronstein H, Nielsen CB, Schroeder BC, McCulloch I. The role of chemical design in the performance of organic semiconductors. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:66-77. [PMID: 37128048 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are solution-processable, lightweight and flexible and are increasingly being used as the active layer in a wide range of new technologies. The versatility of synthetic organic chemistry enables the materials to be tuned such that they can be incorporated into biological sensors, wearable electronics, photovoltaics and flexible displays. These devices can be improved by improving their material components, not only by developing the synthetic chemistry but also by improving the analytical and computational techniques that enable us to understand the factors that govern material properties. Judicious molecular design provides control of the semiconductor frontier molecular orbital energy distribution and guides the hierarchical assembly of organic semiconductors into functional films where we can manipulate the properties and motion of charges and excited states. This Review describes how molecular design plays an integral role in developing organic semiconductors for electronic devices in present and emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christian B Nielsen
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Bob C Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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83
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Zhou Y, Tong X, Benetti D, Wang ZM, Ma D, Zhao H, Rosei F. Electron transfer in a semiconductor heterostructure interface through electrophoretic deposition and a linker-assisted method. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01729a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Modulating the heterostructured interface of semiconductor nanocrystals is being widely explored to enhance the charge transfer rate in photoelectrochemical cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhou
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Xin Tong
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences
| | - Daniele Benetti
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- PR China
| | - Dongling Ma
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- College of Physics & State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- PR China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
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84
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Ganzer L, Zappia S, Russo M, Ferretti AM, Vohra V, Diterlizzi M, Antognazza MR, Destri S, Virgili T. Ultrafast spectroscopy on water-processable PCBM: rod-coil block copolymer nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26583-26591. [PMID: 33201972 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05478j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Using ultrafast spectroscopy, we investigate the photophysics of water-processable nanoparticles composed of a block copolymer electron donor and a fullerene derivative electron acceptor. The block copolymers are based on a poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] rod, which is covalently linked with 2 or 100 hydrophilic coil units. In both samples the photogenerated excitons in the blend nanoparticles migrate in tens of ps to a donor/acceptor interface to be separated into free charges. However, transient absorption spectroscopy indicates that increasing the coil length from 2 to 100 units results in the formation of long living charge transfer states which reduce the charge generation efficiency. Our results shed light on the impact of rod-coil copolymer coil length on the blend nanoparticle morphology and provide essential information for the design of amphiphilic rod-coil block copolymers to increase the photovoltaic performances of water-processable organic solar cell active layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ganzer
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano I-20132, Italy.
| | - Stefania Zappia
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milano I-20133, Italy.
| | - Mattia Russo
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano I-20132, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Ferretti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milano I-20138, Italy
| | - Varun Vohra
- Department of Engineering Science, the University of Electro-Communications (UEC), 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-858, Japan
| | - Marianna Diterlizzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milano I-20133, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Silvia Destri
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milano I-20133, Italy.
| | - Tersilla Virgili
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano I-20132, Italy.
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85
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Wang K, Li Y, Li Y. Challenges to the Stability of Active Layer Materials in Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900437. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringZhongyuan University of Technology Zhengzhou 451191 China
| | - Yaowen Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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86
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Chen G, Qian G, Yi S, He Z, Wu HB, Yang W, Zhang B, Cao Y. Molecular Engineering on Bis(benzothiophene- S, S-dioxide)-Based Large-Band Gap Polymers for Interfacial Modifications in Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:45969-45978. [PMID: 31694372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of effectively universal interfacial materials for both conventional and inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) plays a very crucial role in achieving highly photovoltaic performance and feasible device engineering. In this study, two novel alcohol-soluble conjugated polymers (PBSON-P and PBSON-FEO) with bis(benzothiophene-S,S-dioxide)-fused aromatics (FBTO) as the core unit and amino as functional groups are synthesized. They are utilized as universal cathode interfacial layers for both conventional and inverted PSCs simultaneously. Ascribing to the enlarged conjugated planarity and higher electron affinity for an FBTO unit, both PBSON-P and PBSON-FEO exhibit versatile electron-transporting abilities. They show wide band gaps that are important for light absorption in inverted PSCs, at which point PBSON-P and PBSON-FEO are more progressive than some of the reported small band gap cathode interfacial materials. Importantly, PBSON-P and PBSON-FEO display deep highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels, which can block holes at the cathode and thus increase the fill factor. As a result, both conventional and inverted PSCs using PBSON-P and PBSON-FEO as cathode interlayers realize high photovoltaic performance. Therefore, this series of novel polymers are amphibious cathode interfacial materials for high-performance conventional and inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiting Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Environment , Jiaying University , Meizhou 514015 , P. R. China
| | - Gaoheng Qian
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Shuwang Yi
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Changzhou University , Changzhou 213164 , P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
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87
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Recent advances in molecular design of functional conjugated polymers for high-performance polymer solar cells. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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88
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Solid-state fluorescence of two zinc coordination polymers from bulky dicyano-phenylenevinylene and bis-azobenzene cores. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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89
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Midori K, Fukuhara T, Tamai Y, Do Kim H, Ohkita H. Enhanced Hole Transport in Ternary Blend Polymer Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2683-2688. [PMID: 31077528 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, ternary blend polymer solar cells have attracted great attention to improve a short-circuit current density (JSC ) effectively, because complementary absorption bands can harvest the solar light over a wide wavelength range from visible to near-IR region. Interestingly, some ternary blend solar cells have shown improvements not only in JSC but also in fill factor (FF). Previously, we also reported that a ternary blend solar cell based on a low-bandgap polymer (PTB7-Th), a wide-bandgap polymer (PDCBT), and a fullerene derivative (PCBM) exhibited a higher FF than their binary analogues. Herein, we study charge transport in PTB7-Th/PDCBT/PCBM ternary blend films to address the origin of the improvement in FF. We found that hole polarons are located in PTB7-Th domains and their mobility is enhanced in the ternary blend film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshiro Midori
- Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fukuhara
- Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasunari Tamai
- Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hyung Do Kim
- Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Ohkita
- Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
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90
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Aoshima K, Nomura M, Saeki A. Regioregularity and Electron Deficiency Control of Unsymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymers for Organic Photovoltaics. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15645-15652. [PMID: 31572866 PMCID: PMC6761756 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the electron deficiency and controlling the regioregularity of π-conjugated polymers are important for the fine-tuning of their electronic and electrochemical properties to make them suitable for an organic solar cell. Here, we report such a molecular design of unsymmetric diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based copolymers with different aromatic side units of either thiophene (Th), pyridine (Py), or fluorobenzene (FBz). The unsymmetric electron acceptors of Th-DPP-Py and Th-DPP-FBz were polymerized with the electron donor of two-dimensional benzobisthiophene (BDT-Th), affording two regiorandom DPP copolymers. They exhibited contrasting molecular orbital levels and bulk heterojunction morphology in methanofullerene-blended films, leading to power conversion efficiencies of 3.75 and 0.18%, respectively. We further synthesized a regioregular DPP copolymer via sandwiching the centrosymmetric BDT-Th unit by two Th-DPP-Py units in an axisymmetric manner. The extensive characterization through morphology observation, X-ray diffraction, and space-charge-limited current mobilities highlight the case-dependent positive/negative effects of regioregularity and electron deficiency control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Aoshima
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mayuka Nomura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Precursory
Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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91
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Chae CG, Min J, Bak IG, Lee JS. Synthesis of a Rod-rod Diblock Copolymer, Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate), through the Anionic Polymerization with an Oxyanionic Macroinitiator. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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92
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Ujjain SK, Bhatia R, Ahuja P. Aziridine-functionalized graphene: Effect of aromaticity for aryl functional groups on enhanced power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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93
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Bobrowska DM, Zubyk H, Regulska E, Romero E, Echegoyen L, Plonska-Brzezinska ME. Carbon nanoonion-ferrocene conjugates as acceptors in organic photovoltaic devices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3164-3176. [PMID: 36133599 PMCID: PMC9417719 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Many macromolecular systems, including carbon nanostructures (CNs), have been synthesized and investigated as acceptors in photovoltaic devices. Some CNs have shown interesting electrochemical, photophysical and electrocatalytic properties and have been used in energy and sustainability applications. This study focuses on the covalent functionalization of carbon nanoonion (CNO) surfaces with ferrocene moieties to obtain donor-acceptor systems involving CNOs as acceptors. The systems were synthesized and characterized by infrared, Raman, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and electrochemical measurements. The HOMO-LUMO levels were calculated to evaluate the possibility of using these systems in photoactive devices. In this study, for the first time, the CNO-based derivatives were applied as acceptors in the active layer of photovoltaic devices. This study is the first to use large CNO-based derivatives as acceptors in organic photovoltaic devices, and a power conversion efficiency as high as 1.89% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Bobrowska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Halyna Zubyk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Elzbieta Regulska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Elkin Romero
- University of Texas at El Paso 500 W University Ave., Chemistry and Computer Science Bldg. #2.0304 El Paso TX 79968-8807 USA
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- University of Texas at El Paso 500 W University Ave., Chemistry and Computer Science Bldg. #2.0304 El Paso TX 79968-8807 USA
| | - Marta E Plonska-Brzezinska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok Mickiewicza 2A 15-222 Bialystok Poland +48 85 748 5683
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94
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Zhan H, Liu Q, So SK, Wong WY. Synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic properties of platinum-containing poly(aryleneethynylene) polymers with electron-deficient diketopyrrolopyrrole unit. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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95
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Bai Y, Yao X, Wang J, Wang JL, Wu SC, Yang SP, Li WS. Polymerizable C70 derivatives with acrylate functionality for efficient and stable solar cells. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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96
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Wu T, Zhu Q, Wu G, Yin D, Fu M, Wang W, He J, Kong L, Zheng X, Cao Y, Wu Y, Zhang C, Li X, Wu Z, Kang J. Improved Open-Circuit Voltage and Repeatability of Perovskite Cells Based on Double-Layer Lead Halide Precursors Fabricated by a Vapor-Assisted Method. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:24132-24139. [PMID: 31251572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Highly repeatable fabrication of compact perovskite films is crucial for large-area perovskite cells (PSCs) in commercial applications. In this work, a vapor-assisted method with the combination of spin-coating and thermal evaporation is employed to fabricate the double-layer PbI2/PbIxBr(2-x) precursor. It is found that surface morphologies of perovskite films could be tailored through tuning the spin-coating speed (the first precursor layer) and chemical compositions (the second precursor layer). The continuous pinhole-free perovskite films are successfully fabricated by double-layer PbI2/PbBr2 precursors. The open-circuit voltages of all the corresponding cells exceed 1.00 V, showing an average value of 1.02 V. The high mean voltage and small variation reveals high repeatability of this method. This work provides a potential method to achieve large-area and high-efficiency PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gaozhu Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Defu Yin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Weiping Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jialun He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Kong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanli Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Cao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Junyong Kang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, OSED, JiuJiang Research Institute, Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
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97
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Brus VV, Lee J, Luginbuhl BR, Ko SJ, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. Solution-Processed Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics: From Molecular Design to Device Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900904. [PMID: 31148255 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent research efforts on solution-processed semitransparent organic solar cells (OSCs) are presented. Essential properties of organic donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction blends and electrode materials, required for the combination of simultaneous high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and average visible transmittance of photovoltaic devices, are presented from the materials science and device engineering points of view. Aspects of optical perception, charge generation-recombination, and extraction processes relevant for semitransparent OSCs are also discussed in detail. Furthermore, the theoretical limits of PCE for fully transparent OSCs, compared to the performance of the best reported semitransparent OSCs, and options for further optimization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V Brus
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Benjamin R Luginbuhl
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Seo-Jin Ko
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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98
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Jin Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xue J, Li W, Qiao J, Zhang F. Limitations and Perspectives on Triplet-Material-Based Organic Photovoltaic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900690. [PMID: 30957919 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) have attracted broad attention and become a very energetic field after the emergence of nonfullerene acceptors. Long-lifetime triplet excitons are expected to be good candidates for efficiently harvesting a photocurrent. Parallel with the development of OPVs based on singlet materials (S-OPVs), the potential of triplet materials as photoactive layers has been explored. However, so far, OPVs employing triplet materials in a bulk heterojunction have not exhibited better performance than S-OPVs. Here, the recent progress of representative OPVs based on triplet materials (T-OPVs) is briefly summarized. Based on that, the performance limitations of T-OPVs are analyzed. The shortage of desired triplet materials with favorable optoelectronic properties for OPVs, the tradeoff between long lifetime and high binding energy of triplet excitons, as well as the low charge mobility in most triplet materials are crucial issues restraining the efficiencies of T-OPVs. To overcome these limitations, first, novel materials with desired optoelectronic properties are urgently demanded; second, systematic investigation on the contribution and dynamics of triplet excitons in T-OPVs is necessary; third, close multidisciplinary collaboration is required, as proved by the development of S-OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Jin
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Jie Xue
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Fengling Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
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99
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Yu R, Yao H, Chen Z, Xin J, Hong L, Xu Y, Zu Y, Ma W, Hou J. Enhanced π-π Interactions of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Volatilizable Solid Additives in Efficient Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900477. [PMID: 30908759 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine-tuning of the nanoscale morphologies of the active layers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) through various techniques plays a vital role in improving the photovoltaic performance. However, for emerging nonfullerene (NF) PSCs, the morphology optimization of the active-layer films empirically follows the methods originally developed in fullerene-based blends and lacks systematic studies. In this work, two solid additives with different volatilities, SA-4 and SA-7, are applied to investigate their influence on the morphologies and photovoltaic performances of NF-PSCs. Although both solid additives effectively promote the molecular packing of the NF acceptors, due to the higher volatility of SA-4, the devices processed with SA-4 exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 13.5%, higher than that of the control devices, and the devices processed with SA-7 exhibit poor performances. Through a series of detailed morphological analyses, it is found that the volatilization of SA-4 after thermal annealing is beneficial for the self-assembly packing of acceptors, while the residuals due to the incomplete volatilization of SA-7 have a negative effect on the film morphology. The results delineate the feasibility of applying volatilizable solid additives and provide deeper insights into the working mechanism, establishing guidelines for further material design of solid additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnan Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jingmin Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunfei Zu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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100
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Li X, Du X, Lin H, Kong X, Li L, Zhou L, Zheng C, Tao S. Ternary System with Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond: Efficient Strategy to High-Performance Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15598-15606. [PMID: 30957482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To boost organic solar cell (OSC) performance, numerous approaches have been developed, such as synthesizing new materials, using post-annealing (thermal or solvent annealing) or fabricating ternary devices. The ternary strategy is usually used as an uncomplicated and effective way, but how to choose the third component and the effect of interactions between materials on OSC performance still need to be clarified. Herein, we proposed a new finding that the carbonyl group of 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b'] dithiophene (ITIC) end groups can react with the dye molecule SR197 to form the N-H···O noncovalent interaction. The existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectra and two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) was improved to 10.29% via doping SR197 into blends of PTB7-Th:ITIC, which exhibited a huge enhancement of approximately 30% compared with the binary OSCs (PCE = 7.92%). The ternary OSCs of PBDB-T:SR197:ITIC could also achieve high PCE (11.03%) without post-thermal or solvent annealing. Transmission electron microscopy and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering showed the optimized morphology and enhanced crystallinity of ternary systems, which is facilitated to exciton dissociation and charge transmission. These conclusions mean that the H-bonding strategy is an effective way for selecting the third component and could achieve high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao Kong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
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