51
|
Yadav V, Sharma K, Bhattacharya S, Talwar P, Purohit PK, Saini N. RETRACTED: hsa-miR-23a~27a~24-2 cluster members inhibit aggressiveness of breast cancer cells by commonly targeting NCOA1, NLK and RAP1B. Life Sci 2022; 307:120906. [PMID: 36007610 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The corresponding author notified the journal of three examples of image duplication within the published article (two in Figure 3D and one in Figure 4A), and requested a corrigendum. As per journal policy when considering corrigendum requests, the journal requested the authors to provide source data relating to these affected figures. The editorial team noticed 12 additional suspected image duplications within the supplied source data and the corresponding author was informed. Upon submission of revised source data, the editorial team noticed two new suspected image duplications. The editorial team have concerns about the provenance of the data and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Kritika Sharma
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Sushant Bhattacharya
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Talwar
- Institute of Human Behaviour & Allied Sciences (IHBAS), Delhi, India
| | - Paresh Kumar Purohit
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neeru Saini
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Wang C, Dai J, Qin N, Fan J, Ma H, Chen C, An M, Zhang J, Yan C, Gu Y, Xie Y, He Y, Jiang Y, Zhu M, Song C, Jiang T, Liu J, Zhou J, Wang N, Hua T, Liang S, Wang L, Xu J, Yin R, Chen L, Xu L, Jin G, Lin D, Hu Z, Shen H. Analyses of rare predisposing variants of lung cancer in 6,004 whole genomes in Chinese. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:1223-1239.e6. [PMID: 36113475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We present the largest whole-genome sequencing (WGS) study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to date among 6,004 individuals of Chinese ancestry, coupled with 23,049 individuals genotyped by SNP array. We construct a high-quality haplotype reference panel for imputation and identify 20 common and low-frequency loci (minor allele frequency [MAF] ≥ 0.5%), including five loci that have never been reported before. For rare loss-of-function (LoF) variants (MAF < 0.5%), we identify BRCA2 and 18 other cancer predisposition genes that affect 5.29% of individuals with NSCLC, and 98.91% (181 of 183) of LoF variants have not been linked previously to NSCLC risk. Promoter variants of BRCA2 also have a substantial effect on NSCLC risk, and their prevalence is comparable with BRCA2 LoF variants. The associations are validated in an independent case-control study including 4,410 individuals and a prospective cohort study including 23,826 individuals. Our findings not only provide a high-quality reference panel for future array-based association studies but depict the whole picture of rare pathogenic variants for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Qin
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China; Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Congcong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingxing An
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caiwang Yan
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yayun Gu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanlin He
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ci Song
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Health Promotion & Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214145, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nanxi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Hua
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Health Promotion & Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214145, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China; Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Src: coordinating metabolism in cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:4917-4928. [PMID: 36217026 PMCID: PMC9630107 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism must be tightly regulated to fulfil the dynamic requirements of cancer cells during proliferation, migration, stemness and differentiation. Src is a node of several signals involved in many of these biological processes, and it is also an important regulator of cell metabolism. Glucose uptake, glycolysis, the pentose-phosphate pathway and oxidative phosphorylation are among the metabolic pathways that can be regulated by Src. Therefore, this oncoprotein is in an excellent position to coordinate and finely tune cell metabolism to fuel the different cancer cell activities. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of recent progress made in determining the role of Src in glucose metabolism as well as the link of this role with cancer cell metabolic plasticity and tumour progression. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges facing this field. ![]()
Collapse
|
54
|
Loss of contact inhibition of locomotion in the absence of JAM-A promotes entotic cell engulfment. iScience 2022; 25:105144. [PMID: 36185363 PMCID: PMC9519618 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Entosis is a cell competition process during which tumor cells engulf other tumor cells. It is initiated by metabolic stress or by loss of matrix adhesion, and it provides the winning cell with resources derived from the internalized cell. Using micropatterns as substrates for single cell migration, we find that the depletion of the cell adhesion receptor JAM-A strongly increases the rate of entosis in matrix-adherent cells. The activity of JAM-A in suppressing entosis depends on phosphorylation at Tyr280, which is a binding site for C-terminal Src kinase, and which we have previously found to regulate tumor cell motility and contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL). Loss of JAM-A triggers entosis in matrix-adherent cells but not matrix-deprived cells. Our findings strongly suggest that the increased motility and the perturbed CIL response after the depletion of JAM-A promote entotic cell engulfment, and they link a dysregulation of CIL to entosis in breast cancer cells. Cell adhesion receptor JAM-A acts as a suppressor of entosis in tumor cells JAM-A suppresses entosis by recruiting Csk, thus limiting Src activity Limiting Src activity is required to regulate contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) JAM-A links the regulation of CIL to entosis
Collapse
|
55
|
Onuma K, Inoue M. Abnormality of Apico-Basal Polarity in Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3657-3663. [PMID: 36047965 PMCID: PMC9633284 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apico–basal polarity is a fundamental property of the epithelium that functions as a barrier, holds cells together, and determines the directions of absorption and secretion. Apico–basal polarity is regulated by extracellular matrix‐integrin binding and downstream signaling pathways, including focal adhesion kinase, rouse‐sarcoma oncogene (SRC), and RHO/RHO‐associated kinase (ROCK). Loss of epithelial cell polarity plays a critical role in the progression of cancer cells. However, in differentiated carcinomas, polarity is not completely lost but dysregulated. Recent progress with a three‐dimensional culture of primary cancer cells allowed for studies of the mechanism underlying the abnormality of polarity in differentiated cancers, including flexible switching of polarity status in response to the microenvironment. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is one of the histopathological phenotypes of adenocarcinoma, which is characterized by inverted polarity. Aberrant activation of RHO–ROCK signaling plays a critical role in the MPC phenotype. Establishing in vitro models will contribute to future drug targeting of the abnormal polarity status in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunishige Onuma
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Bai C, Yang W, Ouyang R, Li Z, Zhang L. Study of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:726-734. [PMID: 35891968 PMCID: PMC9281586 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We detected the expressions of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_ 004183 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and explored their relationship with the invasiveness of PTMC. PTMC patients with (n = 30; metastasis group) and without lymph node metastasis (n = 30; nonmetastasis group) were included. The levels of hsa_circRNA_000121, hsa_circRNA_004183, hsa-miR-4763, hsa-miR-6775, sarcoma gene (SRC), and MMP-14 were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyzed the diagnostic value of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183. Binary logistic regression analysis evaluated the relationship of gene expression with PTMC invasiveness. In PTMC tissue samples, compared with the metastasis group, the expression of hsa_circRNA_000121, hsa_circRNA_004183, SRC, and MMP-14 in the nonmetastasis group decreased, while the expression of hsa-miR-4763 and hsa-miR-6775 increased. In peripheral blood, compared with the metastasis group, the expression of hsa_circ_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 in the nonmetastasis group decreased. Both hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 had good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PTMC lymph node metastasis, with a cut-off value of 0.796 and 0.938, respectively. However, the gene expressions were not significantly associated with PTMC lymph node metastasis. Hsa_circRNA_000121 may upregulate SRC expression through hsa-miR-4763, while hsa_circRNA 000121 may upregulate MMP-14 expression through hsa-miR-6775, thereby promoting the aggressiveness of PTMC and ultimately leading to cervical lymph node metastasis. hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 may become potential biomarkers of PTMC aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Bai
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- The Second Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Ru Ouyang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zongbao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Kajiwara K, Chen PK, Abe Y, Okuda S, Kon S, Adachi J, Tomonaga T, Fujita Y, Okada M. Src activation in lipid rafts confers epithelial cells with invasive potential to escape from apical extrusion during cell competition. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3460-3476.e6. [PMID: 35809567 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal/cancerous cells within healthy epithelial tissues undergo apical extrusion to protect against carcinogenesis, although they acquire invasive capacity once carcinogenesis progresses. However, the molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells escape from apical extrusion and invade surrounding tissues remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate a molecular mechanism for cell fate switching during epithelial cell competition. We found that during competition within epithelial cell layers, Src transformation promotes maturation of focal adhesions and degradation of extracellular matrix. Src-transformed cells underwent basal delamination by Src activation within sphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains/lipid rafts, whereas they were apically extruded when Src was outside of lipid rafts. A comparative analysis of contrasting phenotypes revealed that activation of the Src-STAT3-MMP axis through lipid rafts was required for basal delamination. CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) was identified as an Src-activating scaffold and as a Met regulator in lipid rafts, and its overexpression induced basal delamination. In renal cancer models, CDCP1 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition-mediated invasive behavior by activating the Src-STAT3-MMP axis through Met activation. Overall, these results suggest that spatial activation of Src signaling in lipid rafts confers resistance to apical extrusion and invasive potential on epithelial cells to promote carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kajiwara
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ping-Kuan Chen
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichi Abe
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Division of Molecular Diagnosis, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Satoru Okuda
- World Premier International Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kon
- Division of Development and Aging, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomonaga
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujita
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Shen P, Wang Y, Jia X, Xu P, Qin L, Feng X, Li Z, Qiu Z. Dual-target Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors: Comprehensive review on the JAK-based strategies for treating solid or hematological malignancies and immune-related diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114551. [PMID: 35749986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) are the non-receptor tyrosine kinases covering JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 which regulate signal transductions of hematopoietic cytokines and growth factors to play essential roles in cell growth, survival, and development. Dysregulated JAK activity leading to a constitutively activated signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) is strongly associated with immune-related diseases and cancers. Targeting JAK to interfere the signaling of JAK/STAT pathway has achieved quite success in the treatment of these diseases. However, inadequate clinical response and serious adverse events come along by the treatment of monotherapy of JAK inhibitors. With better and deeper understanding of JAK/STAT pathway in the pathogenesis of diseases, researchers start to show huge interest in combining inhibition of JAK and other oncogenic targets to realize a broader regulation on pathological processes to block disease development and progression, which has hastened extensive research of dual JAK inhibitors over the past decades. Until now, studies of dual JAK inhibitors have added BTK, SYK, FLT3, HDAC, Src, and Aurora kinases to the overall inhibitory profile and demonstrated significant advantage and superiority over single-target inhibitors. In this review, we elucidated the possible mechanism of synergic effects caused by dual JAK inhibitors and briefly describe the development of these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yezhi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Lian Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 21009, PR China.
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 21009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Bello-Alvarez C, Zamora-Sánchez CJ, Camacho-Arroyo I. Rapid Actions of the Nuclear Progesterone Receptor through cSrc in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121964. [PMID: 35741094 PMCID: PMC9221966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) is mainly known for its role as a ligand-regulated transcription factor. However, in the last ten years, this receptor’s extranuclear or rapid actions have gained importance in the context of physiological and pathophysiological conditions such as cancer. The PR’s polyproline (PXPP) motif allows protein–protein interaction through SH3 domains of several cytoplasmatic proteins, including the Src family kinases (SFKs). Among members of this family, cSrc is the most well-characterized protein in the scenario of rapid actions of the PR in cancer. Studies in breast cancer have provided the most detailed information on the signaling and effects triggered by the cSrc–PR interaction. Nevertheless, the study of this phenomenon and its consequences has been underestimated in other types of malignancies, especially those not associated with the reproductive system, such as glioblastomas (GBs). This review will provide a detailed analysis of the impact of the PR–cSrc interplay in the progression of some non-reproductive cancers, particularly, in GBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Carmen J Zamora-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
He M, Cao C, Ni Z, Liu Y, Song P, Hao S, He Y, Sun X, Rao Y. PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry (an update from 2020 to 2021). Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:181. [PMID: 35680848 PMCID: PMC9178337 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a new protein-degradation strategy that has emerged in recent years. It uses bifunctional small molecules to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. PROTACs can not only be used as potential clinical treatments for diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, viral infections, and neurodegenerative diseases, but also provide unique chemical knockdown tools for biological research in a catalytic, reversible, and rapid manner. In 2019, our group published a review article “PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry” in the journal, summarizing the representative compounds of PROTACs reported before the end of 2019. In the past 2 years, the entire field of protein degradation has experienced rapid development, including not only a large increase in the number of research papers on protein-degradation technology but also a rapid increase in the number of small-molecule degraders that have entered the clinical and will enter the clinical stage. In addition to PROTAC and molecular glue technology, other new degradation technologies are also developing rapidly. In this article, we mainly summarize and review the representative PROTACs of related targets published in 2020–2021 to present to researchers the exciting developments in the field of protein degradation. The problems that need to be solved in this field will also be briefly introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chaoguo Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Ni
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peilu Song
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Hao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuna He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Rao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Song S, Zhou J, Li Y, Liu J, Li J, Shu P. Network pharmacology and experimental verification based research into the effect and mechanism of Aucklandiae Radix-Amomi Fructus against gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9401. [PMID: 35672352 PMCID: PMC9174187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of the Aucklandiae Radix–Amomi Fructus (AR–AF) herb pair in treating gastric cancer (GC) by using network pharmacology and experimental verification. Using the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), the major active components and their corresponding targets were estimated and screened out. Using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, a visual network was established using the active components of AR–AF and the targets of GC. Based on STRING online database, the protein interaction network of vital targets was built and analyzed. With the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) server, the gene ontology (GO) biological processes and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways of the target enrichment were performed. AutoDock Vina was used to perform molecular docking and calculate the binding affinity. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the hub targets were analyzed by the Oncomine, GEPIA, HPA databases and TIMER online tool, and the predicted targets were verified by qRT–PCR in vitro. Eremanthin, cynaropicrin, and aceteugenol were identified as vital active compounds, and AKT1, MAPK3, IL6, MAPK1, as well as EGFR were considered as the major targets. These targets exerted therapeutic effects on GC by regulating the cAMP signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed that these active compounds and targets showed good binding interactions. The validation in different databases showed that most of the results were consistent with this paper. The experimental results confirmed that eremanthin could inhibit the proliferation of AGS by reducing the mRNA expression of hub targets. As predicted by network pharmacology and validated by the experimental results, AR–AF exerts antitumor effects through multiple components, targets, and pathways, thereby providing novel ideas and clues for the development of preparations and the treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingzhan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Jiang Y, Xu J, Huang P, Yang L, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang J, Song H, Zheng P. Scoparone Improves Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Alleviating JNK/Sab Signaling Pathway-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863756. [PMID: 35592421 PMCID: PMC9110978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) specifically combined with SH3 domain-binding protein 5 (Sab) may mediate damage to the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Whether mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the JNK/Sab signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the lipotoxic injury of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains a lack of evidence. Scoparone, a natural compound from Traditional Chinese Medicine herbs, has the potential for liver protection and lipid metabolism regulation. However, the effect of scoparone on NASH induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) as well as its underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The HepG2 and Huh7 cells with/without Sab-knockdown induced by palmitic acid (PA) were used to determine the role of JNK/Sab signaling in mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular lipotoxic injury. To observe the effect of scoparone on the lipotoxic injured hepatocytes, different dose of scoparone together with PA was mixed into the culture medium of HepG2 and AML12 cells to incubate for 24 h. In addition, male C57BL/6J mice were fed with an HFD for 22 weeks to induce the NASH model and were treated with scoparone for another 8 weeks to investigate its effect on NASH. Molecules related to JNK/Sab signaling, mitochondrial function, and lipotoxic injury were detected in in vitro and/or in vivo experiments. The results showed that PA-induced activation of JNK/Sab signaling was blocked by Sab knockdown in hepatocytes, which improved mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, hepatosteatosis, cell viability, and apoptosis. Scoparone demonstrated a similar effect on the PA-induced hepatocytes as Sab knockdown. For the NASH mice, treatment with scoparone also downregulated the activation of JNK/Sab signaling, improved histopathological changes of liver tissues including mitochondrial number and morphology, lipid peroxide content, hepatosteatosis and inflammation obviously, as well as decreased the serum level of lipid and transaminases. Taken together, this study confirms that activation of the JNK/Sab signaling pathway-induced mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the development of NASH. Scoparone can improve the lipotoxic liver injury partially by suppressing this signaling pathway, making it a potential therapeutic compound for NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoya Xu
- Department of Gout, Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Targeting the FAK-Src Complex in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors, Ewing Sarcoma, and Rhabdomyosarcoma. Sarcoma 2022; 2022:3089424. [PMID: 35655525 PMCID: PMC9153931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3089424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs), Ewing sarcoma (ES), and alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS and ERMS) are malignant sarcomas typically occurring at young age, with a poor prognosis in the metastatic setting. New treatment options are necessary. Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib single-agent treatment has been investigated in a phase 2 study in patients with advanced sarcomas including ES and RMS but failed as a single agent in these subtypes. Since previous studies demonstrated high FAK and Src activities in RMS and ES tissue and cell lines, and dasatinib treatment was shown to upregulate activated FAK, we hypothesized that FAK-Src combination treatment could potentially be an interesting treatment option for these tumor types. We examined the effects of targeting the FAK-Src complex by addressing (p)FAK and (p)Src expressions in tumor sections of DSRCT (n = 13), ES (n = 68), ARMS (n = 21), and ERMS (n = 39) and by determining the antitumor effects of single and combined treatment with FAK inhibitor defactinib and multikinase (Abl/SFK) inhibitor dasatinib in vitro on cell lines of each subtype. In vivo effects were assessed in DSRCT and ERMS models. Concurrent pFAK and pSrc expressions (H-score >50) were observed in DSRCT (67%), ES (6%), ARMS (35%), and ERMS (19%) samples. Defactinib treatment decreased pFAK expression and reduced cell viability in all subtypes. Dasatinib treatment decreased pSrc expression and cell viability in each subtype. Combination treatment led to a complete reduction in pFAK and pSrc in each cell line and showed enhanced cell viability reduction, drug synergy, DNA damage induction, and a trend toward higher apoptosis induction in DSRCT, ERMS, and ARMS but not in ES cells. These promising in vitro results unfortunately do not translate into promising in vivo results as we did not observe a significant effect on tumor volume in vivo, and the combination did not show superior effects compared to dasatinib single-agent treatment.
Collapse
|
64
|
Emergence of Nanotechnology as a Powerful Cavalry against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050542. [PMID: 35631368 PMCID: PMC9143332 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the un-manageable types of breast cancer, involving devoid of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2) receptors. Due to their ability of recurrence and metastasis, the management of TNBC remains a mainstay challenge, despite the advancements in cancer therapies. Conventional chemotherapy remains the only treatment regimen against TNBC and suffers several limitations such as low bioavailability, systemic toxicity, less targetability, and multi-drug resistance. Although various targeted therapies have been introduced to manage the hardship of TNBC, they still experience certain limitations associated with the survival benefits. The current research thus aimed at developing and improving the strategies for effective therapy against TNBC. Such strategies involved the emergence of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are designated as nanocavalries, loaded with various agents (drugs, genes, etc.) to battle the progression and metastasis of TNBC along with overcoming the limitations experienced by conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This article documents the treatment regimens of TNBC along with their efficacy towards different subtypes of TNBC, and the various nanotechnologies employed to increase the therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved drug regimens.
Collapse
|
65
|
Alfano A, Xu J, Yang X, Deshmukh D, Qiu Y. SRC Kinase-Mediated Tyrosine Phosphorylation of TUBB3 Regulates Its Stability and Mitotic Spindle Dynamics in Prostate Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050932. [PMID: 35631517 PMCID: PMC9146564 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulin is an integral part of the cytoskeleton and plays a pivotal role in cellular signaling, maintenance, and division. β-tubulin is also the molecular target for taxane compounds such as docetaxel (DTX) and cabazitaxel (CTX), both first-line treatments for several solid cancers. Increased expression of Class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), a primarily neural isoform of β-tubulin, correlates with taxane resistance and poor prognosis. Although tyrosine kinase c-Src has been implicated to phosphorylate β-tubulins during both hematopoietic and neural differentiation, the mechanisms by which Src modulates tubulins functions are still poorly understood. Here, we report, for the first time, that TUBB3 is phosphorylated at Tyrosine 340 (Y340) by c-SRC in prostate cancer cells. We also showed that Y340 phosphorylation regulates TUBB3 protein stability and subcellular localization. Furthermore, we demonstrated that inhibition of SRC kinase activity compromises spindle stability in mitotic cells, at least partly due to the lack of TUBB3 Y340 phosphorylation. Given the importance of TUBB3 as a clinical biomarker of poor prognosis and drug resistance, characterization of TUBB3 posttranslational regulation could potentially serve as new biomarkers for disease recurrence and/or treatment failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Alfano
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.); (J.X.); (X.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.); (J.X.); (X.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.); (J.X.); (X.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - Dhanraj Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.); (J.X.); (X.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.); (J.X.); (X.Y.); (D.D.)
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Jin A, Zhang C, Zheng W, Xian J, Yang W, Liu T, Chen W, Li T, Wang B, Pan B, Li Q, Cheng J, Wang P, Hu B, Zhou J, Fan J, Yang X, Guo W. CD155/SRC complex promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inhibiting the p38 MAPK signalling pathway and correlates with poor prognosis. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e794. [PMID: 35384345 PMCID: PMC8982318 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy with poor prognosis. As a cell adhesion molecule, poliovirus receptor (PVR/CD155) is abnormally overexpressed in tumour cells, and related to tumour proliferation and invasion. However, the potential role and mechanism of CD155 have not yet been elucidated in HCC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to determine CD155 expression in HCC cell lines and tissues. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were used to examine cell proliferation. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Cell apoptosis and cycle distribution were assessed by flow cytometry. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to explore the clinical significance of CD155. The role of CD155 in vivo was evaluated by establishing liver orthotropic xenograft mice model. RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to explore the downstream signalling pathway of CD155. RESULTS CD155 was upregulated in HCC tissues and represented a promising prognostic indicator for HCC patients (n = 189) undergoing curative resection. High CD155 expression enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and contributed to cell survival in HCC. CD155 overexpression also induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCC cells. CD155 function in HCC involved SRC/p38 MAPK signalling pathway. CD155 interacted with SRC homology-2 domain of SRC and promoted SRC activation, further inhibiting the downstream p38 MAPK signalling pathway in HCC. CONCLUSIONS CD155 promotes HCC progression via the SRC/p38 MAPK signalling pathway. CD155 may represent a predictor for poor postsurgery prognosis in HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An‐Li Jin
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chun‐Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineXiamen BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityXiamenP. R. China
| | - Wen‐Jing Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryShenzhen Key LaboratoryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and DiseasesInternational Cancer CenterShenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen University Clinical Medical AcademyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Jing‐Rong Xian
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wen‐Jing Yang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Te Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Bei‐Li Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineXiamen BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityXiamenP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWusong BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Bai‐Shen Pan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWusong BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWusong BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jian‐Wen Cheng
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Peng‐Xiang Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Xin‐Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of EducationShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineXiamen BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityXiamenP. R. China
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWusong BranchZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Haraoka Y, Akieda Y, Nagai Y, Mogi C, Ishitani T. Zebrafish imaging reveals TP53 mutation switching oncogene-induced senescence from suppressor to driver in primary tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1417. [PMID: 35304872 PMCID: PMC8933407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Most tumours are thought to arise through oncogenic cell generation followed by additional mutations. How a new oncogenic cell primes tumorigenesis by acquiring additional mutations remains unclear. We show that an additional TP53 mutation stimulates primary tumorigenesis by switching oncogene-induced senescence from a tumour suppressor to a driver. Zebrafish imaging reveals that a newly emerged oncogenic cell with the RasG12V mutation becomes senescent and is eliminated from the epithelia, which is prevented by adding a TP53 gain-of-function mutation (TP53R175H) into RasG12V cells. Surviving RasG12V-TP53R175H double-mutant cells senesce and secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related inflammatory molecules that convert neighbouring normal cells into SASP factor-secreting senescent cells, generating a heterogeneous tumour-like cell mass. We identify oncogenic cell behaviours that may control the initial human tumorigenesis step. Ras and TP53 mutations and cellular senescence are frequently detected in human tumours; similar switching may occur during the initial step of human tumorigenesis. It is unclear how a single oncogenic cell primes tumorigenesis. Here the authors visualised this behaviour using a zebrafish larval skin as a model and show that RasG12V oncogenic cell is eliminated through oncogene-senescence while a gain of function mutation in p53 alters this behaviour from tumour suppressive to tumour promoting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukinari Haraoka
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Akieda
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuri Nagai
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mogi
- Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan. .,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Davis TB, Gupta S, Yang M, Pflieger L, Rajan M, Wang H, Thota R, Yeatman TJ, Pledger WJ. Ras Pathway Activation and MEKi Resistance Scores Predict the Efficiency of MEKi and SRCi Combination to Induce Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1451. [PMID: 35326598 PMCID: PMC8945886 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The RAS pathway is activated in more than 55% of CRC and has been targeted for therapeutic intervention with MEK inhibitors. Unfortunately, many patients have de novo resistance, or can develop resistance to this new class of drugs. We have hypothesized that much of this resistance may pass through SRC as a common signal transduction node, and that inhibition of SRC may suppress MEK inhibition resistance mechanisms. CRC tumors of the Consensus Molecular Subtype (CMS) 4, enriched in stem cells, are difficult to successfully treat and have been suggested to evade traditional chemotherapy agents through resistance mechanisms. Here, we evaluate targeting two pathways simultaneously to produce an effective treatment by overcoming resistance. We show that combining Trametinib (MEKi) with Dasatinib (SRCi) provides enhanced cell death in 8 of the 16 tested CRC cell lines compared to treatment with either agent alone. To be able to select sensitive cells, we simultaneously evaluated a validated 18-gene RAS pathway activation signature score along with a 13-gene MEKi resistance signature score, which we hypothesize predict tumor sensitivity to this dual targeted therapy. We found the cell lines that were sensitive to the dual treatment were predominantly CMS4 and had both a high 18-gene and a high 13-gene score, suggesting these cell lines had potential for de novo MEKi sensitivity but were subject to the rapid development of MEKi resistance. The 13-gene score is highly correlated to a score for SRC activation, suggesting resistance is dependent on SRC. Our data show that gene expression signature scores for RAS pathway activation and for MEKi resistance may be useful in determining which CRC tumors will respond to the novel drug combination of MEKi and SRCi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Benjamin Davis
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
| | - Shilpa Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
| | - Mingli Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
| | - Lance Pflieger
- Precision Genomics Translational Science Center, Intermountain Healthcare, Murray, UT 84107, USA;
| | - Malini Rajan
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
| | - Heiman Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
| | - Ramya Thota
- Oncology Clinical Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Murray, UT 84107, USA;
| | - Timothy J. Yeatman
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Warren Jackson Pledger
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (S.G.); (M.Y.); (M.R.); (H.W.); (T.J.Y.)
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Yang M, Davis TB, Pflieger L, Nebozhyn MV, Loboda A, Wang H, Schell MJ, Thota R, Pledger WJ, Yeatman TJ. An integrative gene expression signature analysis identifies CMS4 KRAS-mutated colorectal cancers sensitive to combined MEK and SRC targeted therapy. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:256. [PMID: 35272617 PMCID: PMC8908604 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over half of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are hard-wired to RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway oncogenic signaling. However, the promise of targeted therapeutic inhibitors, has been tempered by disappointing clinical activity, likely due to complex resistance mechanisms that are not well understood. This study aims to investigate MEK inhibitor-associated resistance signaling and identify subpopulation(s) of CRC patients who may be sensitive to biomarker-driven drug combination(s). METHODS We classified 2250 primary and metastatic human CRC tumors by consensus molecular subtypes (CMS). For each tumor, we generated multiple gene expression signature scores measuring MEK pathway activation, MEKi "bypass" resistance, SRC activation, dasatinib sensitivity, EMT, PC1, Hu-Lgr5-ISC, Hu-EphB2-ISC, Hu-Late TA, Hu-Proliferation, and WNT activity. We carried out correlation, survival and other bioinformatic analyses. Validation analyses were performed in two independent publicly available CRC tumor datasets (n = 585 and n = 677) and a CRC cell line dataset (n = 154). RESULTS Here we report a central role of SRC in mediating "bypass"-resistance to MEK inhibition (MEKi), primarily in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Our integrated and comprehensive gene expression signature analyses in 2250 CRC tumors reveal that MEKi-resistance is strikingly-correlated with SRC activation (Spearman P < 10-320), which is similarly associated with EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), regional metastasis and disease recurrence with poor prognosis. Deeper analysis shows that both MEKi-resistance and SRC activation are preferentially associated with a mesenchymal CSC phenotype. This association is validated in additional independent CRC tumor and cell lines datasets. The CMS classification analysis demonstrates the strikingly-distinct associations of CMS1-4 subtypes with the MEKi-resistance and SRC activation. Importantly, MEKi + SRCi sensitivities are predicted to occur predominantly in the KRAS mutant, mesenchymal CSC-like CMS4 CRCs. CONCLUSIONS Large human tumor gene expression datasets representing CRC heterogeneity can provide deep biological insights heretofore not possible with cell line models, suggesting novel repurposed drug combinations. We identified SRC as a common targetable node--an Achilles' heel--in MEKi-targeted therapy-associated resistance in mesenchymal stem-like CRCs, which may help development of a biomarker-driven drug combination (MEKi + SRCi) to treat problematic subpopulations of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Yang
- Department of Surgery & Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Thomas B Davis
- Department of Surgery & Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Lance Pflieger
- Precision Genomics Translational Science Center, Intermountain Healthcare, 5026 South State Street, Murray, UT, 84107, USA
| | - Michael V Nebozhyn
- Sharp and Dohme, 770 Sumneytown Pike, Building 53, West Point, P.O. Box 4, Merck, PA, 19486, USA
| | - Andrey Loboda
- Sharp and Dohme, 770 Sumneytown Pike, Building 53, West Point, P.O. Box 4, Merck, PA, 19486, USA
| | - Heiman Wang
- Department of Surgery & Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ramya Thota
- Oncology Clinical Program, Intermountain Healthcare, 5026 South State Street, Murray, UT, 84107, USA
| | - W Jack Pledger
- Department of Surgery & Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Cir of Hope Dr, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Timothy J Yeatman
- Department of Surgery & Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Cir of Hope Dr, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Shaji SK, Drishya G, Sunilkumar D, Suravajhala P, Kumar GB, Nair BG. Systematic understanding of anti-tumor mechanisms of Tamarixetin through network and experimental analyses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3966. [PMID: 35273218 PMCID: PMC8913656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamarixetin, a flavonoid derived from Quercetin, was shown to possess anti-cancer properties in various types of cancer. However, the mechanism of action of this compound is not well understood. Observations from reverse docking and network pharmacology analysis, were validated by cell based studies to analyse the chemotherapeutic potential and elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of Tamarixetin in breast cancer. In silico analysis using reverse docking and PPI analysis clearly indicated that out of 35 proteins targeted by Tamarixetin, the top 3 hub genes, namely, AKT1, ESR1 and HSP90AA1, were upregulated in breast tumor tissues and more importantly showed strong negative correlation to breast cancer patient survival. Furthermore, the KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment of target proteins of Tamarixetin in 33 pathways which are mainly involved in neoplastic signalling. In vitro cell-based studies demonstrated that Tamarixetin could inhibit cell proliferation, induce ROS and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to cell death. Tamarixetin induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and inhibited the migration as well as the invasion of breast cancer cells. Taken together, the combination of in silico and in vitro approaches used in the present study clearly provides evidence for the chemotherapeutic potential of Tamarixetin in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanu K Shaji
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - G Drishya
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Damu Sunilkumar
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Prashanth Suravajhala
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Geetha B Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India.
| | - Bipin G Nair
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Dawson JC, Munro A, Macleod K, Muir M, Timpson P, Williams RJ, Frame M, Brunton VG, Carragher NO. Pathway profiling of a novel SRC inhibitor, AZD0424, in combination with MEK inhibitors for cancer treatment. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1072-1090. [PMID: 34856074 PMCID: PMC8895456 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A more comprehensive understanding of how cells respond to drug intervention, the likely immediate signalling responses and how resistance may develop within different microenvironments will help inform treatment regimes. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase SRC regulates many cellular signalling processes, and pharmacological inhibition has long been a target of cancer drug discovery projects. Here, we describe the in vitro and in vivo characterisation of the small-molecule SRC inhibitor AZD0424. We show that AZD0424 potently inhibits the phosphorylation of tyrosine-419 of SRC (IC50 ~ 100 nm) in many cancer cell lines; however, inhibition of cell viability, via a G1 cell cycle arrest, was observed only in a subset of cancer cell lines in the low (on target) micromolar range. We profiled the changes in intracellular pathway signalling in cancer cells following exposure to AZD0424 and other targeted therapies using reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis. We demonstrate that SRC is activated in response to treatment of KRAS-mutant colorectal cell lines with MEK inhibitors (trametinib or AZD6244) and that AZD0424 abrogates this. Cell lines treated with trametinib or AZD6244 in combination with AZD0424 had reduced EGFR, FAK and SRC compensatory activation, and cell viability was synergistically inhibited. In vivo, trametinib treatment of mice-bearing HCT116 tumours increased phosphorylation of SRC on Tyr419, and, when combined with AZD0424, inhibition of tumour growth was greater than with trametinib alone. We also demonstrate that drug-induced resistance to trametinib is not re-sensitised by AZD0424 treatment in vitro, likely as a result of multiple compensatory signalling mechanisms; however, inhibition of SRC remains an effective way to block invasion of trametinib-resistant tumour cells. These data imply that SRC inhibition may offer a useful addition to MEK inhibitor combination strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C. Dawson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Alison Munro
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Kenneth Macleod
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer ThemeThe Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyAustralia
| | | | - Margaret Frame
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Neil O. Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kato G. Regulatory Roles of the N-Terminal Intrinsically Disordered Region of Modular Src. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2241. [PMID: 35216357 PMCID: PMC8874404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Src, the prototype of Src family kinases (SFKs), is a modular protein consisting of SH4 (SH4) and unique (UD) domains in an N-terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR), and SH3, SH2, and kinase (KD) folded domains conserved among SFKs. Src functions as a pleiotropic signaling hub in proliferating and post-mitotic cells, and it is related to cancer and neurological diseases. However, its regulatory mechanism is unclear because the existing canonical model is derived from crystallographic analyses of folded constructs lacking the IDR. This work reviews nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of partially structured lipid-binding segments in the flexible UD and the fuzzy intramolecular complex (FIMC) comprising IDR and SH3 domains, which interacts with lipid membranes and proteins. Furthermore, recently determined IDR-related Src characteristics are discussed, including dimerization, SH4/KD intramolecular fastener bundling of folded domains, and the sorting of adhesive structures. Finally, the modulatory roles of IDR phosphorylation in Src activities involving the FIMC are explored. The new regulatory roles of IDRs are integrated with the canonical model to elucidate the functions of full-length Src. This review presents new aspects of Src regulation, and provides a future direction for studies on the structure and function of Src, and their implications for pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goro Kato
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Beetham H, Griffith BG, Murina O, Loftus AE, Parry DA, Temps C, Culley J, Muir M, Unciti-Broceta A, Sims AH, Byron A, Brunton VG. Loss of Integrin-Linked Kinase Sensitizes Breast Cancer to SRC Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2022; 82:632-647. [PMID: 34921014 PMCID: PMC9621571 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
SRC is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase with key roles in breast cancer development and progression. Despite this, SRC tyrosine kinase inhibitors have so far failed to live up to their promise in clinical trials, with poor overall response rates. We aimed to identify possible synergistic gene-drug interactions to discover new rational combination therapies for SRC inhibitors. An unbiased genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen in a model of triple-negative breast cancer revealed that loss of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and its binding partners α-Parvin and PINCH-1 sensitizes cells to bosutinib, a clinically approved SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor. Sensitivity to bosutinib did not correlate with ABL dependency; instead, bosutinib likely induces these effects by acting as a SRC tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo models showed that loss of ILK enhanced sensitivity to eCF506, a novel and highly selective inhibitor of SRC with a unique mode of action. Whole-genome RNA sequencing following bosutinib treatment in ILK knockout cells identified broad changes in the expression of genes regulating cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix. Increased sensitivity to SRC inhibition in ILK knockout cells was associated with defective adhesion, resulting in reduced cell number as well as increased G1 arrest and apoptosis. These findings support the potential of ILK loss as an exploitable therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer, enhancing the effectiveness of clinical SRC inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE A CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals that loss of integrin-linked kinase synergizes with SRC inhibition, providing a new opportunity for enhancing the clinical effectiveness of SRC inhibitors in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Beetham
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Billie G.C. Griffith
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Murina
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander E.P. Loftus
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Parry
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carolin Temps
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Culley
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Sims
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Romanò S, Di Giacinto F, Primiano A, Gervasoni J, Mazzini A, Papi M, Urbani A, Serafino A, De Spirito M, Krasnowska EK, Ciasca G. Label-free spectroscopic characterization of exosomes reveals cancer cell differentiation. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1192:339359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
75
|
Aponte E, Lafitte M, Sirvent A, Simon V, Barbery M, Fourgous E, Boublik Y, Maffei M, Armand F, Hamelin R, Pannequin J, Fort P, Pons M, Roche S. Regulation of Src tumor activity by its N-terminal intrinsically disordered region. Oncogene 2022; 41:960-970. [PMID: 34999732 PMCID: PMC8837538 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The membrane-anchored Src tyrosine kinase is involved in numerous pathways and its deregulation is involved in human cancer. Our knowledge on Src regulation relies on crystallography, which revealed intramolecular interactions to control active Src conformations. However, Src contains a N-terminal intrinsically disordered unique domain (UD) whose function remains unclear. Using NMR, we reported that UD forms an intramolecular fuzzy complex involving a conserved region with lipid-binding capacity named Unique Lipid-Binding Region (ULBR), which could modulate Src membrane anchoring. Here we show that the ULBR is essential for Src's oncogenic capacity. ULBR inactive mutations inhibited Src transforming activity in NIH3T3 cells and in human colon cancer cells. It also reduced Src-induced tumor development in nude mice. An intact ULBR was required for MAPK signaling without affecting Src kinase activity nor sub-cellular localization. Phospho-proteomic analyses revealed that, while not impacting on the global tyrosine phospho-proteome in colon cancer cells, this region modulates phosphorylation of specific membrane-localized tyrosine kinases needed for Src oncogenic signaling, including EPHA2 and Fyn. Collectively, this study reveals an important role of this intrinsically disordered region in malignant cell transformation and suggests a novel layer of Src regulation by this unique region via membrane substrate phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Aponte
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Lafitte
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Sirvent
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Simon
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Maud Barbery
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Elise Fourgous
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Yvan Boublik
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Mariano Maffei
- Biomolecular NMR laboratory, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Evvivax srl-Via di Castel Romano, 100 - 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Florence Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Philippe Fort
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Miquel Pons
- Biomolecular NMR laboratory, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Serge Roche
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France.
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France.
- IGF, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34000, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Guégan JP, Lapouge M, Voisin L, Saba-El-Leil MK, Tanguay PL, Lévesque K, Brégeon J, Mes-Masson AM, Lamarre D, Haibe-Kains B, Trinh VQ, Soucy G, Bilodeau M, Meloche S. Signaling by the tyrosine kinase Yes promotes liver cancer development. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj4743. [PMID: 35041461 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at a late stage and have few therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. This is due to the lack of clearly defined underlying mechanisms or a dominant oncogene that can be targeted pharmacologically, unlike in other cancer types. Here, we report the identification of a previously uncharacterized oncogenic signaling pathway in HCC that is mediated by the tyrosine kinase Yes. Using genetic and pharmacological interventions in cellular and mouse models of HCC, we showed that Yes activity was necessary for HCC cell proliferation. Transgenic expression of activated Yes in mouse hepatocytes was sufficient to induce liver tumorigenesis. Yes phosphorylated the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ), promoting their nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity in HCC cells and liver tumors. We also showed that YAP/TAZ were effectors of the Yes-dependent oncogenic transformation of hepatocytes. Src family kinase activation correlated with the tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear localization of YAP in human HCC and was associated with increased tumor burden in mice. Specifically, high Yes activity predicted shorter overall survival in patients with HCC. Thus, our findings identify Yes as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjorie Lapouge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laure Voisin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Pierre-Luc Tanguay
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kim Lévesque
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jérémy Brégeon
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Lamarre
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Departments of Medical Biophysiscs and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Q Trinh
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Soucy
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Hu L, Fan M, Shi S, Song X, Wang F, He H, Qi B. Dual target inhibitors based on EGFR: Promising anticancer agents for the treatment of cancers (2017-). Eur J Med Chem 2022; 227:113963. [PMID: 34749202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The EGFR family play a significant role in cell signal transduction and their overexpression is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human solid cancers. Inhibition of the EGFR-mediated signaling pathways by EGFR inhibitors is a widely used strategy for the treatment of cancers. In most cases, the EGFR inhibitors used in clinic were only effective when the cancer cells harbored specific activating EGFR mutations which appeared to preserve the ligand-dependency of receptor activation but altered the pattern of downstream signaling pathways. Moreover, cancer is a kind of multifactorial disease, and therefore manipulating a single target may result in treatment failure. Although drug combinations for the treatment of cancers proved to be successful, the use of two or more drugs concurrently still was a challenge in clinical therapy owing to various dose-limiting toxicities and drug-drug interactions caused by pharmacokinetic profiles changed. Therefore, a single drug targeting two or multiple targets could serve as an effective strategy for the treatment of cancers. In recent, drugs with diverse pharmacological effects have been shown to be more advantageous than combination therapies due to their lower incidences of side effects and more resilient therapies. Accordingly, dual target-single-agent strategy has become a popular field for cancer treatment, and researchers became more and more interest in the development of novel dual-target drugs in recent years. In this review, we briefly introduce the EGFR family proteins and synergisms between EGFR and other anticancer targets, and summarizes the development of potential dual target inhibitors based on wild-type and/or mutant EGFR for the treatment of solid cancers in the past five years. Additionally, the rational design and SARs of these dual target agents are also presented in detailed, which will lay a significant foundation for the further development of novel EGFR-based dual inhibitors with excellent druggability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shengmin Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huan He
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Baohui Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Lin Z, Zhao Y, Li Q, Ci X, Ye X, Chen G, Tu Q, Feng W, Jiang P, Zhu S, Xue X, Saunders NA, Zhang L, Zhu X, Zhao KN. OUP accepted manuscript. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:479-493. [PMID: 35134836 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuyin Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qijia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuyin Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xingyuan Ci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuyin Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoxian Ye
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guorong Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Quanmei Tu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weixu Feng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shanli Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Nicholas A Saunders
- Diamantina Institute for Cancer Immunology and Metabolic Medicine, The University of Queensland, TRI, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lifang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuyin Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kong-Nan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuyin Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Zhao M, Finlay D, Kwong E, Liddington R, Viollet B, Sasaoka N, Vuori K. Cell adhesion suppresses autophagy via Src/FAK-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of AMPK. Cell Signal 2022; 89:110170. [PMID: 34673141 PMCID: PMC8602780 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a multi-step process regulated in part by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Phosphorylation of threonine 172 on the AMPK α-subunit enhances AMPK kinase activity, resulting in activation of downstream signaling. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion activates Src/ Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) signaling complex, which regulates multiple cellular processes including cell survival. We show here that Src signaling leads to direct phosphorylation of the AMPK-α subunit on a novel site, tyrosine 179, resulting in suppression of AMPK-T172 phosphorylation and autophagy upon integrin-mediated cell adhesion. By using chemical inhibitors, genetic cell models and targeted mutagenesis, we confirm an important role for Src and FAK in suppressing AMPK signaling and autophagy induced by various additional stimuli, including glucose starvation. Furthermore, we found that autophagy suppression by hydroxychloroquine promotes apoptosis in a cancer cell model that had been treated with Src inhibitors. Our findings reveal a link between the Src/ FAK complex and AMPK/ autophagy regulation, which may play an important role in the maintenance of normal cellular homeostasis and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Darren Finlay
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kwong
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert Liddington
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Norio Sasaoka
- Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Kristiina Vuori
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correpsonding author.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Lurette O, Guedouari H, Morris JL, Martín-Jiménez R, Robichaud JP, Hamel-Côté G, Khan M, Dauphinee N, Pichaud N, Prudent J, Hebert-Chatelain E. Mitochondrial matrix-localized Src kinase regulates mitochondrial morphology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:327. [PMID: 35637383 PMCID: PMC9151517 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The architecture of mitochondria adapts to physiological contexts: while mitochondrial fragmentation is usually associated to quality control and cell death, mitochondrial elongation often enhances cell survival during stress. Understanding how these events are regulated is important to elucidate how mitochondrial dynamics control cell fate. Here, we show that the tyrosine kinase Src regulates mitochondrial morphology. Deletion of Src increased mitochondrial size and reduced cellular respiration independently of mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential or ATP levels. Re-expression of Src targeted to the mitochondrial matrix, but not of Src targeted to the plasma membrane, rescued mitochondrial morphology in a kinase activity-dependent manner. These findings highlight a novel function for Src in the control of mitochondrial dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Lurette
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Hala Guedouari
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Jordan L. Morris
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Rebeca Martín-Jiménez
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Julie-Pier Robichaud
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Geneviève Hamel-Côté
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Mehtab Khan
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Nicholas Dauphinee
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Nicolas Pichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| | - Julien Prudent
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Etienne Hebert-Chatelain
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, Moncton, NB Canada ,Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB Canada
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Zhao Q, Kohut A, Li YJ, Martincuks A, Austria T, Zhang C, Santiago NL, Borrero RM, Phan XT, Melstrom L, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Yu H. Niraparib-induced STAT3 inhibition increases its antitumor effects. Front Oncol 2022; 12:966492. [PMID: 36324587 PMCID: PMC9618811 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.966492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation polymerase inhibitors (PARPis), which induce synthetic lethality of tumor cells with DNA damage repair defects, have emerged as a promising therapy for ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancer. Although the PARPi Olaparib is limited to treating cancer patients with DNA repair deficiencies, the PARPi Niraparib is FDA approved to treat ovarian cancer patients regardless of their status in DNA repair pathways. Despite differences in the affinity to PARP enzymes, the rationale behind the clinical use of Niraparib in patients without DNA repair deficiencies is still lacking. Moreover, only Olaparib has been approved for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients with BRCA mutations, accounting for only 5-7% of total PDACs. It remains unclear whether Niraparib could be beneficial to PDACs without BRCA mutations. We found that Niraparib inhibits ovarian and PDAC tumor cell growth, regardless of BRCA mutational status, more effectively than Olaparib. Unlike Olaparib, which is known to activate STAT3, Niraparib inhibits STAT3 activity in ovarian and PDAC cancer cell lines and patient tumors. Moreover, Niraparib regulates the expression of several STAT3 downstream genes involved in apoptosis. Overexpression of a constitutively activated STAT3 mutant rescues Niraparib-induced cancer cell apoptosis. Our results suggest that Niraparib inhibits pSTAT3 by interfering with SRC tyrosine kinase. Collectively, our studies provide a mechanism underlying Niraparib's ability to induce tumor cell apoptosis without BRCA mutations, suggesting the potential use of Niraparib for treating PDAC patients regardless of BRCA status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.,Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Adrian Kohut
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Jia Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Antons Martincuks
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Theresa Austria
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Lugo Santiago
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Rosemarie Martinez Borrero
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.,Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Xuan Thuy Phan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Laleh Melstrom
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Fofana S, Ouédraogo M, Esposito RC, Ouedraogo WP, Delporte C, Van Antwerpen P, Mathieu V, Guissou IP. Systematic Review of Potential Anticancerous Activities of Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010019. [PMID: 35009024 PMCID: PMC8747466 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the substances isolated from the African medicinal plant Erythrina senegalensis, focusing on compounds harboring activities against cancer models detailed in depth herein at both in vitro and in vivo preclinical levels. The review was conducted through Pubmed and Google Scholar. Nineteen out of the forty-two secondary metabolites isolated to date from E. senegalensis displayed interesting in vitro and/or in vivo antitumor activities. They belonged to alkaloid (Erysodine), triterpenes (Erythrodiol, maniladiol, oleanolic acid), prenylated isoflavonoids (senegalensin, erysenegalensein E, erysenegalensein M, alpinumisoflavone, derrone, warangalone), flavonoids (erythrisenegalone, senegalensein, lupinifolin, carpachromene) and pterocarpans (erybraedine A, erybraedine C, phaseollin). Among the isoflavonoids called "erysenegalensein", only erysenealenseins E and M have been tested for their anticancerous properties and turned out to be cytotoxic. Although the stem bark is the most frequently used part of the plant, all pterocarpans were isolated from roots and all alkaloids from seeds. The mechanisms of action of its metabolites include apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy and mitophagy via the modulation of cytoplasmic proteins, miRNA and enzymes involved in critical pathways deregulated in cancer. Alpinumisoflavone and oleanolic acid were studied in a broad spectrum of cancer models both in vitro and in preclinical models in vivo with promising results. Other metabolites, including carpachromen, phaseollin, erybraedin A, erysenegalensein M and maniladiol need to be further investigated, as they display potent in vitro effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Fofana
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Higher Institute of Health Sciences (INSSA), Nazi BONI University, Bobo-Dioulasso P.O. Box 1091, Burkina Faso;
| | - Moussa Ouédraogo
- Laboratory of Drug Development (LADME), Training and Research Unit, Health Sciences, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou P.O. Box 7021, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (W.P.O.)
| | - Rafaèle Calvo Esposito
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Department of General Chemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Windbedema Prisca Ouedraogo
- Laboratory of Drug Development (LADME), Training and Research Unit, Health Sciences, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou P.O. Box 7021, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (W.P.O.)
| | - Cédric Delporte
- RD3-Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit and Analytical Platform, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite’ Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.V.A.)
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- RD3-Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit and Analytical Platform, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite’ Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.V.A.)
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- ULB Cancer Research Center, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (I.P.G.); Tel.: +32-478-31-73-88 (V.M.)
| | - Innocent Pierre Guissou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University, Ouagadougou P.O. Box 10212, Burkina Faso
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (I.P.G.); Tel.: +32-478-31-73-88 (V.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Marotta G, Basagni F, Rosini M, Minarini A. Role of Fyn Kinase Inhibitors in Switching Neuroinflammatory Pathways. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:4738-4755. [PMID: 34939537 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666211221153719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fyn kinase is a member of the Src non-receptor tyrosine kinase family. Fyn is involved in multiple signaling pathways extending from cell proliferation and differentiation to cell adhesion and cell motility, and it has been found to be overexpressed in various types of cancers. In the central nervous system, Fyn exerts several different functions such as axon-glial signal transduction, oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, and it is implicated in neuroinflammatory processes. Based on these premises, Fyn emerges as an attractive target in cancer and neurodegenerative disease therapy, particularly Alzheimer disease (AD), based on its activation by Aβ via cellular prion protein and its interaction with tau protein. However, Fyn is also a challenging target since the Fyn inhibitors discovered so far, due to the relevant homology of Fyn with other kinases, suffer from off-target effects. This review covers the efforts performed in the last decade to identify and optimize small molecules that effectively inhibit Fyn, both in enzymatic and in cell assays, including drug repositioning practices, as an opportunity of therapeutic intervention in neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giambattista Marotta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126-Bologna. Italy
| | - Filippo Basagni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126-Bologna. Italy
| | - Michela Rosini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126-Bologna. Italy
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126-Bologna. Italy
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Wang C, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Xing D. Developments of CRBN-based PROTACs as potential therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113749. [PMID: 34411892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protease-targeted chimeras (PROTACs) are a new technology that is receiving much attention in the treatment of diseases. The mechanism is to inhibit protein function by hijacking the ubiquitin E3 ligase for protein degradation. Heterogeneous bifunctional PROTACs contain a ligand for recruiting E3 ligase, a linker, and another ligand to bind to the target protein for degradation. A variety of small-molecule PROTACs (CRBN, VHL, IAPs, MDM2, DCAF15, DCAF16, and RNF114-based PROTACs) have been identified so far. In particular, CRBN-based PROTACs (e.g., ARV-110 and ARV-471) have received more attention for their promising therapeutic intervention. To date, CRBN-based PRTOACs have been extensively explored worldwide and have excelled not only in cancer diseases but also in cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive update on the latest research progress in CRBN-based PRTOACs area. Following the criteria, such as disease area and drug target class, we will present the degradants in alphabetical order by target. We also provide our own perspective on the future prospects and potential challenges facing PROTACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yujing Zhang
- The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yudong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Kumbrink J, Li P, Pók-Udvari A, Klauschen F, Kirchner T, Jung A. p130Cas Is Correlated with EREG Expression and a Prognostic Factor Depending on Colorectal Cancer Stage and Localization Reducing FOLFIRI Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212364. [PMID: 34830244 PMCID: PMC8625396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130Cas) is associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistance in breast and lung cancers. To elucidate p130Cas functional and clinical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression/therapy resistance, we performed cell culture experiments and bioinformatic/statistical analyses of clinical data sets. p130Cas expression was associated with poor survival in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data set. Knockdown/reconstitution experiments showed that p130Cas drives migration but, unexpectedly, inhibits proliferation in CRC cells. TCGA data analyses identified the growth factor epiregulin (EREG) as inversely correlated with p130Cas. p130Cas knockdown and simultaneous EREG treatment further enhanced proliferation. RNA interference and EREG treatment experiments suggested that p130Cas/EREG limit each other’s expression/activity. Inverse p130Cas/EREG Spearman correlations were prominent in right-sided and earlier stage CRC. p130Cas was inducible by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and FOLFIRI (folinic acid, 5-FU, irinotecan), and p130Cas and EREG were upregulated in distant metastases (GSE121418). Positive p130Cas/EREG correlations were observed in metastases, preferentially in post-treatment samples (especially pulmonary metastases). p130Cas knockdown sensitized CRC cells to FOLFIRI independent of EREG treatment. RNA sequencing and gene ontology analyses revealed that p130Cas is involved in cytochrome P450 drug metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. p130Cas expression was associated with poor survival in right-sided, stage I/II, MSS (microsatellite stable), or BRAF-mutated CRC. In summary, p130Cas represents a prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Kumbrink
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Pan Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Agnes Pók-Udvari
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Frederick Klauschen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (A.P.-U.); (F.K.); (T.K.); (A.J.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Liu B, Stone OJ, Pablo M, Herron JC, Nogueira AT, Dagliyan O, Grimm JB, Lavis LD, Elston TC, Hahn KM. Biosensors based on peptide exposure show single molecule conformations in live cells. Cell 2021; 184:5670-5685.e23. [PMID: 34637702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe an approach to study the conformation of individual proteins during single particle tracking (SPT) in living cells. "Binder/tag" is based on incorporation of a 7-mer peptide (the tag) into a protein where its solvent exposure is controlled by protein conformation. Only upon exposure can the peptide specifically interact with a reporter protein (the binder). Thus, simple fluorescence localization reflects protein conformation. Through direct excitation of bright dyes, the trajectory and conformation of individual proteins can be followed. Simple protein engineering provides highly specific biosensors suitable for SPT and FRET. We describe tagSrc, tagFyn, tagSyk, tagFAK, and an orthogonal binder/tag pair. SPT showed slowly diffusing islands of activated Src within Src clusters and dynamics of activation in adhesions. Quantitative analysis and stochastic modeling revealed in vivo Src kinetics. The simplicity of binder/tag can provide access to diverse proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Orrin J Stone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael Pablo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - J Cody Herron
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ana T Nogueira
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Onur Dagliyan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan B Grimm
- Janelia Research Campus, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Luke D Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Timothy C Elston
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Kim D, Moon JW, Min DH, Ko ES, Ahn B, Kim ES, Lee JY. AHA1 regulates cell migration and invasion via the EMT pathway in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19946. [PMID: 34620942 PMCID: PMC8497578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been well studied and understood with the development of molecular and genetic techniques. However, specific marker(s) that could be used to predict lymph node (LN) involvement, which is the most important prognostic factor for CRC, have not been identified so far. Our previous study, in which network analysis of LN(+) and LN(-) CRC gene expression was carried out with data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, led to the identification of AHA1. AHA1 is a co-chaperone activator of the Hsp90 ATPase activity. However, the role of AHA1 expression in cancer cells is still unclear. To investigate how AHA1 expression regulates the cancer cell progression and/or metastasis of human CRC, the expression levels of AHA1 and Hsp90 were examined in 105 CRC tissue samples and compared with those in paired normal tissue. The RNA expression levels of AHA1 and Hsp90aa1, but not Hsp90ab, were significantly higher in cancer tissues than in adjacent paired normal tissues (p = 0.032 and p = 0.0002, respectively). In particular, AHA1, but not Hsp90aa1 and Hsp90ab, was closely associated with the TNM stage, LN stage, and tumor metastasis (p = 0.035, p = 0.012, and p = 0.0003, respectively). Moreover, the expression of AHA1 was not only higher in the CRC cell lines than in the normal colon fibroblast cell line but was also associated with the progression of these CRC cell lines. Overexpression of AHA1 in SW480 cells increased, whereas suppression of AHA1 expression in HCT116 cells reduced cell migration and invasion through the regulation of Snail, E-cadherin, pSRC, and pAKT, which are associated with EMT signaling. Taken together, our study suggests that AHA1 contributes to the metastatic advantage of human CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Wook Moon
- BK21 FOUR Convergence & Translational Biomedicine Education Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwa Min
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Ko
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Cristina Mendonça Nogueira T, Vinicius Nora de Souza M. New FDA oncology small molecule drugs approvals in 2020: Mechanism of action and clinical applications. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116340. [PMID: 34416511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In 2020, fifty-three new drugs, including forty small-molecules (thirty-six new chemical entities and four new diagnostic agents) and thirteen biologic drugs were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This year, small-molecules continue to play a role in innovative treatments representing around 75% of all drugs accepted by FDA. The dominant therapeutic area was oncology, accounting for twenty-three new approvals, including thirteen new chemical entities, four new diagnostic agents, and thirteen biologic drugs. Recognizing the importance of small-molecules on cancer treatment, this review aims to provide an overview regarding the clinical applications and mechanism of action of the thirteen new small-molecules (excluding new diagnostic agents) approved by FDA in 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cristina Mendonça Nogueira
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041- 250 Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Nora de Souza
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041- 250 Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
The Role of WAVE2 Signaling in Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091217. [PMID: 34572403 PMCID: PMC8464821 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and WASP family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE)—WAVE1, WAVE2 and WAVE3 regulate rapid reorganization of cortical actin filaments and have been shown to form a key link between small GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Upon receiving upstream signals from Rho-family GTPases, the WASP and WAVE family proteins play a significant role in polymerization of actin cytoskeleton through activation of actin-related protein 2/3 complex (Arp2/3). The Arp2/3 complex, once activated, forms actin-based membrane protrusions essential for cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Thus, by activation of Arp2/3 complex, the WAVE and WASP family proteins, as part of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), have been shown to play a critical role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis, drawing significant research interest over recent years. Several studies have highlighted the potential for targeting the genes encoding either part of or a complete protein from the WASP/WAVE family as therapeutic strategies for preventing the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. WAVE2 is well documented to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human cancers, including lung, liver, pancreatic, prostate, colorectal and breast cancer, as well as other hematologic malignancies. This review focuses mainly on the role of WAVE2 in the development, invasion and metastasis of different types of cancer. This review also summarizes the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activity of WAVE2, as well as those oncogenic pathways that are regulated by WAVE2 to promote the cancer phenotype. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies that target WAVE2 or the WAVE regulatory complex, aimed at preventing or inhibiting cancer invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
|
90
|
Li Z, Xie X, Tan G, Xie F, Liu N, Li W, Sun X. Disulfiram Synergizes with SRC Inhibitors to Suppress the Growth of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1323-1331. [PMID: 34471060 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF), an old anti-alcoholism drug, has emerged as a candidate for drug repurposing in oncology. In exploratory studies on its therapeutic effects, we unexpectedly discovered that DSF increased the phosphorylation of SRC, a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase elevated in 70% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. This serendipitous and novel finding led to our hypothesis for the current study which proposes DSF may synergize with SRC inhibitors in suppressing PDAC. Human PDAC PANC-1 and BXPC-3 cells were incubated with DSF chelated with copper (Cu2+), SRC inhibitors (PP2 and dasatinib), or transfected with lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and their proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed. A xenograft model was employed to verify the in vitro results. The expression of key molecules was detected. DSF significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by increasing the cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating p27 in concentration- and time-dependent manners. DSF had little effect on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression but inhibited its phosphorylation. DSF did not alter SRC expression but significantly increased its phosphorylation through upregulating actin filament associated protein 1 like 2 (AFAP1L2). DSF exhibited a synergistic effect, as analyzed by drug coefficient interactions, with either PP2, or dasatinib, or SRC depletion in suppressing PDAC cells in vitro and/or in vivo. The present results indicate DSF is a potential therapeutic drug, particularly when it is combined with SRC inhibitors, and warrant further studies on the pharmacological utility of DSF as a promising adjunct therapy for the treatment of PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Xiangjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Fangyu Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University
| | - Nianjiao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University
| | - Weidong Li
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Xueying Sun
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Park N, Park Y, Yadav AK, Shin Y, Bishop‐Bailey D, Choi J, Park JW, Jang B. Anti-growth and pro-apoptotic effects of dasatinib on human oral cancer cells through multi-targeted mechanisms. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8300-8311. [PMID: 34318593 PMCID: PMC8419177 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dasatinib is an inhibitor of Src that has anti-tumour effects on many haematological and solid cancers. However, the anti-tumour effects of dasatinib on human oral cancers remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of dasatinib on different types of human oral cancer cells: the non-tumorigenic YD-8 and YD-38 and the tumorigenic YD-10B and HSC-3 cells. Strikingly, dasatinib at 10 µM strongly suppressed the growth and induced apoptosis of YD-38 cells and inhibited the phosphorylation of Src, EGFR, STAT-3, STAT-5, PKB and ERK-1/2. In contrast, knockdown of Src blocked the phosphorylation of EGFR, STAT-5, PKB and ERK-1/2, but not STAT-3, in YD-38 cells. Dasatinib induced activation of the intrinsic caspase pathway, which was inhibited by z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor. Dasatinib also decreased Mcl-1 expression and S6 phosphorylation while increased GRP78 expression and eIF-2α phosphorylation in YD-38 cells. In addition, to its direct effects on YD-38 cells, dasatinib also exhibited anti-angiogenic properties. Dasatinib-treated YD-38 or HUVEC showed reduced HIF-1α expression and stability. Dasatinib alone or conditioned media from dasatinib-treated YD-38 cells inhibited HUVEC tube formation on Matrigel without affecting HUVEC viability. Importantly, dasatinib's anti-growth, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic effects were additionally seen in tumorigenic HSC-3 cells. Together, these results demonstrate that dasatinib has strong anti-growth, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic effects on human oral cancer cells, which are mediated through the regulation of multiple targets, including Src, EGFR, STAT-3, STAT-5, PKB, ERK-1/2, S6, eIF-2α, GRP78, caspase-9/3, Mcl-1 and HIF-1α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam‐Sook Park
- Department of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Yu‐Kyung Park
- Department of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- Department of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Young‐Min Shin
- Department of DentistryCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| | | | - Jong‐Soon Choi
- Biological Disaster Analysis GroupDivision of Convergence BiotechnologyKorea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonKorea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and TechnologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Jong Wook Park
- Department of ImmunologyCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Byeong‐Churl Jang
- Department of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineKeimyung UniversityDaeguKorea
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Liu Q, Sheng Z, Cheng C, Zheng H, Lanuti M, Liu R, Wang P, Shen Y, Xie Z. Anesthetic Propofol Promotes Tumor Metastasis in Lungs via GABA A R-Dependent TRIM21 Modulation of Src Expression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102079. [PMID: 34263559 PMCID: PMC8456212 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Generation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a key step in tumor metastasis, occurs during surgical tumor resection, often performed under general anesthesia. Propofol is the commonly used anesthetic, but its effects on CTCs and tumor metastasis remain largely unknown. Propofol effects are investigated in an experimental metastasis model by injecting tumor cells and, subsequently, low- or standard-dose propofol to nude mice through tail vein. Propofol- or vehicle-treated tumor cells are also injected to the mice. An in vitro tumor cell-vascular endothelial cell adhesion assay, immunofluorescence, and other methods are employed to assess how propofol affects tumor cell adhesion and extension. Propofol induces more lung tumor metastasis in mice than control. Mechanistically, propofol enhances tumor cell adhesion and extension through GABAA R to downregulate TRIM21 expression, leading to upregulation of Src, a protein associated with cell adhesion. These results demonstrate that propofol may promote tumor metastasis through GABAA R-TRIM21-Src mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Liu
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Sheng
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Chun Cheng
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021P. R. China
| | - Michael Lanuti
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Rong Liu
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA02129USA
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Chu CT, Chen YH, Chiu WT, Chen HC. Tyrosine phosphorylation of lamin A by Src promotes disassembly of nuclear lamina in interphase. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/10/e202101120. [PMID: 34385357 PMCID: PMC8362257 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamins form the nuclear lamina, which is important for nuclear structure and activity. Although posttranslational modifications, in particular serine phosphorylation, have been shown to be important for structural properties and functions of lamins, little is known about the role of tyrosine phosphorylation in this regard. In this study, we found that the constitutively active Src Y527F mutant caused the disassembly of lamin A/C. We demonstrate that Src directly phosphorylates lamin A mainly at Tyr45 both in vitro and in intact cells. The phosphomimetic Y45D mutant was diffusively distributed in the nucleoplasm and failed to assemble into the nuclear lamina. Depletion of lamin A/C in HeLa cells induced nuclear dysmorphia and genomic instability as well as increased nuclear plasticity for cell migration, all of which were partially restored by re-expression of lamin A, but further promoted by the Y45D mutant. Together, our results reveal a novel mechanism for regulating the assembly of nuclear lamina through Src and suggest that aberrant phosphorylation of lamin A by Src may contribute to nuclear dysmorphia, genomic instability, and nuclear plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Tung Chu
- Institue of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chen Chen
- Institue of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan .,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institue of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Saha T, Gil-Henn H. Invadopodia, a Kingdom of Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082037. [PMID: 34440806 PMCID: PMC8391121 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) are crucial mediators of intracellular signaling and control a wide variety of processes such as cell division, morphogenesis, and motility. Aberrant NRTK-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation has been linked to various human disorders and diseases, among them cancer metastasis, to which no treatment presently exists. Invasive cancer cells leaving the primary tumor use invadopodia, feet-like structures which facilitate extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and intravasation, to escape the primary tumor and disseminate into distant tissues and organs during metastasis. A major challenge in metastasis research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying invadopodia regulation, as the general belief is that targeting these structures can potentially lead to the eradication of cancer metastasis. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) play a central role in regulating invadopodia formation and function, but how they coordinate the signaling leading to these processes was not clear until recently. Here, we describe the major NRTKs that rule invadopodia and how they work in concert while keeping an accurate hierarchy to control tumor cell invasiveness and dissemination.
Collapse
|
95
|
Interaction between Ras and Src clones causes interdependent tumor malignancy via Notch signaling in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2223-2236.e5. [PMID: 34324859 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer tissue often comprises multiple tumor clones with distinct oncogenic alterations such as Ras or Src activation, yet the mechanism by which tumor heterogeneity drives cancer progression remains elusive. Here, we show in Drosophila imaginal epithelium that clones of Ras- or Src-activated benign tumors interact with each other to mutually promote tumor malignancy. Mechanistically, Ras-activated cells upregulate the cell-surface ligand Delta while Src-activated cells upregulate its receptor Notch, leading to Notch activation in Src cells. Elevated Notch signaling induces the transcriptional repressor Zfh1/ZEB1, which downregulates E-cadherin and cell death gene hid, leading to Src-activated invasive tumors. Simultaneously, Notch activation in Src cells upregulates the cytokine Unpaired/IL-6, which activates JAK-STAT signaling in neighboring Ras cells. Elevated JAK-STAT signaling upregulates the BTB-zinc-finger protein Chinmo, which downregulates E-cadherin and thus generates Ras-activated invasive tumors. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation for how tumor heterogeneity triggers tumor progression via cell-cell interactions.
Collapse
|
96
|
Mohammed S, Shamseddine AA, Newcomb B, Chavez RS, Panzner TD, Lee AH, Canals D, Okeoma CM, Clarke CJ, Hannun YA. Sublethal doxorubicin promotes migration and invasion of breast cancer cells: role of Src Family non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:76. [PMID: 34315513 PMCID: PMC8317414 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely used chemotherapy, but its effectiveness is limited by dose-dependent side effects. Although lower Dox doses reduce this risk, studies have reported higher recurrence of local disease with no improvement in survival rate in patients receiving low doses of Dox. To effectively mitigate this, a better understanding of the adverse effects of suboptimal Dox doses is needed. METHODS Effects of sublethal dose of Dox on phenotypic changes were assessed with light and confocal microscopy. Migratory and invasive behavior were assessed by wound healing and transwell migration assays. MTT and LDH release assays were used to analyze cell growth and cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell surface markers of cancer stem cell population. Expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases were probed with qRT-PCR and zymogen assay. To identify pathways affected by sublethal dose of Dox, exploratory RNAseq was performed and results were verified by qRT-PCR in multiple cell lines (MCF7, ZR75-1 and U-2OS). Regulation of Src Family kinases (SFK) by key players in DNA damage response was assessed by siRNA knockdown along with western blot and qRT-PCR. Dasatinib and siRNA for Fyn and Yes was employed to inhibit SFKs and verify their role in increased migration and invasion in MCF7 cells treated with sublethal doses of Dox. RESULTS The results show that sublethal Dox treatment leads to increased migration and invasion in otherwise non-invasive MCF7 breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, these effects were independent of the epithelial mesenchymal transition, were not due to increased cancer stem cell population, and were not observed with other chemotherapies. Instead, sublethal Dox induces expression of multiple SFK-including Fyn, Yes, and Src-partly in a p53 and ATR-dependent manner. These effects were validated in multiple cell lines. Functionally, inhibiting SFKs with Dasatinib and specific downregulation of Fyn suppressed Dox-induced migration and invasion of MCF7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study demonstrates that sublethal doses of Dox activate a pro-invasive, pro-migration program in cancer cells. Furthermore, by identifying SFKs as key mediators of these effects, our results define a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate local invasion through co-treatment with Dasatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samia Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794- 8430, USA
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, MART Level 9, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Achraf A Shamseddine
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Benjamin Newcomb
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Ronald S Chavez
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794- 8430, USA
| | - Tyler D Panzner
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Allen H Lee
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, MART Level 9, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Daniel Canals
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, MART Level 9, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Chioma M Okeoma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA
| | - Christopher J Clarke
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, MART Level 9, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794- 8430, USA.
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, MART Level 9, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Science Center, Hospital Pavilion Level 5, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, USA.
- The Northport Veterans Affairs Hospital, Northport, NY, 11768, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Song HE, Lee Y, Kim E, Cho CY, Jung O, Lee D, Lee EG, Nam SH, Kang M, Macalino SJY, Kim JE, Jung JW, Kwon SW, Choi S, Lee JW. N-terminus-independent activation of c-Src via binding to a tetraspan(in) TM4SF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma is abolished by the TM4SF5 C-terminal peptide application. Theranostics 2021; 11:8092-8111. [PMID: 34335982 PMCID: PMC8315060 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Active c-Src non-receptor tyrosine kinase localizes to the plasma membrane via N-terminal lipid modification. Membranous c-Src causes cancer initiation and progression. Even though transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5), a tetraspan(in), can be involved in this mechanism, the molecular and structural influence of TM4SF5 on c-Src remains unknown. Methods: Here, we investigated molecular and structural details by which TM4SF5 regulated c-Src devoid of its N-terminus and how cell-penetrating peptides were able to interrupt c-Src activation via interference of c-Src-TM4SF5 interaction in hepatocellular carcinoma models. Results: The TM4SF5 C-terminus efficiently bound the c-Src SH1 kinase domain, efficiently to the inactively-closed form. The complex involved protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B able to dephosphorylate Tyr530. The c-Src SH1 domain alone, even in a closed form, bound TM4SF5 to cause c-Src Tyr419 and FAK Y861 phosphorylation. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation studies predicted the directly interfacing residues, which were further validated by mutational studies. Cell penetration of TM4SF5 C-terminal peptides blocked the interaction of TM4SF5 with c-Src and prevented c-Src-dependent tumor initiation and progression in vivo. Conclusions: Collectively, these data demonstrate that binding of the TM4SF5 C-terminus to the kinase domain of inactive c-Src leads to its activation. Because this binding can be abolished by cell-penetrating peptides containing the TM4SF5 C-terminus, targeting this direct interaction may be an effective strategy for developing therapeutics that block the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haeng Eun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Lee
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yun Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Oisun Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doohyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephani Joy Y. Macalino
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Choi
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Kostić A, Jovanović Stojanov S, Podolski-Renić A, Nešović M, Dragoj M, Nikolić I, Tasić G, Schenone S, Pešić M, Dinić J. Pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Induce Oxidative Stress in Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Cells. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11070884. [PMID: 34209342 PMCID: PMC8301827 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11070884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) highly expresses Src tyrosine kinase involved in survival, proliferation, angiogenesis and invasiveness of tumor cells. Src activation also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, whereas Src inhibitors are able to increase cellular ROS levels. Methods: Pro-oxidative effects of two pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives—Src tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Si306 and its prodrug pro-Si306—were investigated in human GBM cells U87 and patient-derived GBM-6. ROS production and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 2 (SOD2) were studied by Western blot. DNA damage, cell death induction and senescence were also examined in GBM-6 cells. Results: Si306 and pro-Si306 more prominently triggered ROS production and expression of antioxidant enzymes in primary GBM cells. These effects were followed by mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, double-strand DNA breaks and senescence that eventually led to necrosis. Conclusion: Src kinase inhibitors, Si306 and pro-Si306, showed significant pro-oxidative potential in patient-derived GBM cells. This feature contributes to the already demonstrated anti-glioblastoma properties of these compounds in vitro and in vivo and encourages clinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kostić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Sofija Jovanović Stojanov
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Marija Nešović
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Miodrag Dragoj
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Igor Nikolić
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.N.); (G.T.)
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Tasić
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.N.); (G.T.)
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Milica Pešić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Jelena Dinić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (S.J.S.); (A.P.-R.); (M.N.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-2078-406
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Zhu S, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Guo X. CHK Methylation Is Elevated in Colon Cancer Cells and Contributes to the Oncogenic Properties. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708038. [PMID: 34268315 PMCID: PMC8276677 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Src is an important oncogene that plays key roles in multiple signal transduction pathways. Csk-homologous kinase (CHK) is a kinase whose molecular roles are largely uncharacterized. We previously reported expression of CHK in normal human colon cells, and decreased levels of CHK protein in colon cancer cells leads to the activation of Src (Zhu et al., 2008). However, how CHK protein expression is downregulated in colon cancer cells has been unknown. We report herein that CHK mRNA was decreased in colon cancer cells as compared to normal colon cells, and similarly in human tissues of normal colon and colon cancer. Increased levels of DNA methylation at promotor CpG islands of CHK gene were observed in colon cancer cells and human colon cancer tissues as compared to their normal healthy counterparts. Increased levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) were also observed in colon cancer cells and tissues. DNA methylation and decreased expression of CHK mRNA were inhibited by DNMT inhibitor 5-Aza-CdR. Cell proliferation, colony growth, wound healing, and Matrigel invasion were all decreased in the presence of 5-Aza-CdR. These results suggest that increased levels of DNA methylation, possibly induced by enhanced levels of DNMT, leads to decreased expression of CHK mRNA and CHK protein, promoting increased oncogenic properties in colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xuzhou Health Research Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Xuzhou Health Research Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiuwen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Giamougiannis P, Martin-Hirsch PL, Martin FL. The evolving role of MUC16 (CA125) in the transformation of ovarian cells and the progression of neoplasia. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:327-343. [PMID: 33608706 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC16 (the cancer antigen CA125) is the most commonly used serum biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer, with increasing levels reflecting disease progression. It is a transmembrane glycoprotein with multiple isoforms, undergoing significant changes through the metastatic process. Aberrant glycosylation and cleavage with overexpression of a small membrane-bound fragment consist MUC16-related mechanisms that enhance malignant potential. Even MUC16 knockdown can induce an aggressive phenotype but can also increase susceptibility to chemotherapy. Variable MUC16 functions help ovarian cancer cells avoid immune cytotoxicity, survive inside ascites and form metastases. This review provides a comprehensive insight into MUC16 transformations and interactions, with description of activated oncogenic signalling pathways, and adds new elements on the role of its differential glycosylation. By following the journey of the molecule from pre-malignant states to advanced stages of disease it demonstrates its behaviour, in relation to the phenotypic shifts and progression of ovarian cancer. Additionally, it presents proposed differences of MUC16 structure in normal/benign conditions and epithelial ovarian malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Giamougiannis
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Pierre L Martin-Hirsch
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|