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Guégan JP, Lapouge M, Voisin L, Saba-El-Leil MK, Tanguay PL, Lévesque K, Brégeon J, Mes-Masson AM, Lamarre D, Haibe-Kains B, Trinh VQ, Soucy G, Bilodeau M, Meloche S. Signaling by the tyrosine kinase Yes promotes liver cancer development. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj4743. [PMID: 35041461 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at a late stage and have few therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. This is due to the lack of clearly defined underlying mechanisms or a dominant oncogene that can be targeted pharmacologically, unlike in other cancer types. Here, we report the identification of a previously uncharacterized oncogenic signaling pathway in HCC that is mediated by the tyrosine kinase Yes. Using genetic and pharmacological interventions in cellular and mouse models of HCC, we showed that Yes activity was necessary for HCC cell proliferation. Transgenic expression of activated Yes in mouse hepatocytes was sufficient to induce liver tumorigenesis. Yes phosphorylated the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ), promoting their nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity in HCC cells and liver tumors. We also showed that YAP/TAZ were effectors of the Yes-dependent oncogenic transformation of hepatocytes. Src family kinase activation correlated with the tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear localization of YAP in human HCC and was associated with increased tumor burden in mice. Specifically, high Yes activity predicted shorter overall survival in patients with HCC. Thus, our findings identify Yes as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjorie Lapouge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laure Voisin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Pierre-Luc Tanguay
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kim Lévesque
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jérémy Brégeon
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Lamarre
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Departments of Medical Biophysiscs and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Q Trinh
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Soucy
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Quénéhervé L, David G, Bourreille A, Hardouin JB, Rahmi G, Neunlist M, Brégeon J, Coron E. Quantitative assessment of mucosal architecture using computer-based analysis of confocal laser endomicroscopy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 89:626-636. [PMID: 30120955 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) might discriminate mucosal lesions between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the analysis of CLE images requires time-consuming methods, a long training time, and potential impediments, such as significant interobserver variability. Therefore, we developed a computer-based method to analyze mucosal architecture from CLE images and discriminate between healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as between UC and CD patients. METHODS We retrospectively screened patients who had undergone CLE either for an evaluation of IBD in remission or for colorectal cancer screening (control subjects) between 2009 and 2016. We assessed 14 morphologic and functional parameters in each CLE recording from 23 CD patients, 27 UC patients, and 9 control patients. Next, we constructed 2 scores, 1 for the IBD diagnosis and 1 for the differential diagnosis between UC and CD. RESULTS In IBD patients, the mean intercrypt distance, wall thickness, and fluorescein leakage through the colonic mucosa were significantly increased compared with control patients by 155%, 188%, and 297%, respectively (P < .05). In UC patients, the same parameters were significantly increased by 109%, 117%, and 174%, respectively (P < .05), compared with CD patients. IBD diagnosis had 100% (95%CI, 93%; 100%) sensitivity and 100% (95%CI, 66%; 100%) specificity. IBD differential diagnosis provided discrimination of UC from CD patients with 92% (95%CI, 75%; 99%) sensitivity and 91% (95%CI, 72%; 99%) specificity. CONCLUSIONS Confirming these results using prospective validation cohorts can substantiate that computer-based analysis of CLE images may provide new biomarkers for the diagnosis and characterization of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Quénéhervé
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Grégoire David
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud Bourreille
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | - Gabriel Rahmi
- Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Jérémy Brégeon
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Coron
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France; Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
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Coron E, David G, Lecleire S, Jacques J, Le Sidaner A, Barrioz T, Coumaros D, Volteau C, Vedrenne B, Bichard P, Boustière C, Touchefeu Y, Brégeon J, Prat F, Le Rhun M. Antireflux versus conventional self-expanding metallic Stents (SEMS) for distal esophageal cancer: results of a multicenter randomized trial. Endosc Int Open 2016; 4:E730-6. [PMID: 27556085 PMCID: PMC4993873 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-106960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) are commonly used in the palliation of dysphagia in patients with inoperable esophageal carcinoma. However, they predispose to gastroesophageal reflux when deployed across the gastroesophageal junction. The aims of this study were to: 1) assess the influence of the antireflux valve on trans-prosthetic reflux (primary outcome); and 2) compare the results of SEMS with and without antireflux valve in terms of reflux symptoms, quality of life (QOL), improvement of dysphagia and adverse events (secondary outcomes). PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-eight patients were enrolled in nine centers. Carcinomas were locally advanced (47 %) or metastatic. After randomization, patients received either a covered SEMS with antireflux valve (n = 20) or a similar type of SEMS with no antireflux device but assigned to standard proton pump inhibitor therapy and postural advice (n = 18). Trans-prosthetic reflux was assessed at day 2 using a radiological score based on barium esophagography performed after Trendelenburg maneuver and graded from 0 (no reflux) to 12 (maximum). Monthly telephone interviews were conducted for Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) scoring from 0 (excellent) to 5 (poor), QOL assessment (based on the Reflux-Qual Simplifié scoring system) from 0 (poor) to 100 (excellent), dysphagia scoring from 0 (no dysphagia) to 5 (complete dysphagia) and regurgitation scoring from 0 (no regurgitation) to 16 (maximum). RESULTS No difference was noted in terms of age, sex, size of lesion, prosthesis length or need for dilation prior to SEMS placement. No difficulty in placing SEMS nor complications were noted. Radiological scores of reflux were found to be significantly lower in patients with an antireflux stent compared to the conventional stent and associated measures. The regurgitation scores were significantly decreased in patients with antireflux stents during the first 2 months after stent placement and thereafter, they were similar in the two groups. QOL and dysphagia were improved in both groups. Survival rates were comparable in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS No difference was observed between the two types of SEMS regarding the palliation of dysphagia and improvement of QOL. However, SEMS with an antireflux valve were more effective in preventing trans-prosthetic gastroesophageal reflux but at the cost of an increased likehood of minor adverse events (migrations and/or obstruction of the SEMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Coron
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France,CIC-INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France,Corresponding author Pr Emmanuel Coron Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil DigestifCHU Hotel Dieu1 Place Alexis Ricordeau 44093 Nantes CedexFrance
| | - G. David
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France,CIC-INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France
| | - S. Lecleire
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rouen, France
| | - J. Jacques
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Limoges, France
| | - A. Le Sidaner
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Limoges, France
| | - T. Barrioz
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Poitiers, France
| | - D. Coumaros
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - C. Volteau
- Département de Biostatistiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - B. Vedrenne
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Mulhouse, France
| | - P. Bichard
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Grenoble, France
| | - C. Boustière
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Hopital Saint-Joseph, Marseille, France
| | - Y. Touchefeu
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France,CIC-INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France
| | - J. Brégeon
- CIC-INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France
| | - F. Prat
- Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - M. Le Rhun
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France,CIC-INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes cedex, France
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Brégeon J, Coron E, Da Silva ACC, Jaulin J, Aubert P, Chevalier J, Vergnolle N, Meurette G, Neunlist M. Sacral nerve stimulation enhances early intestinal mucosal repair following mucosal injury in a pig model. J Physiol 2016; 594:4309-23. [PMID: 26939757 DOI: 10.1113/jp271783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Reducing intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) dysfunctions is recognized as being of major therapeutic interest for various intestinal disorders. Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is known to reduce IEB permeability. Here, we report in a pig model that SNS enhances morphological and functional recovery of IEB following mucosal injury induced via 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. These effects are associated with an increased expression of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and FAK. These results establish that SNS enhances intestinal barrier repair in acute mucosal injury. They further set the scientific basis for future use of SNS as a complementary or alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of gut disorders with IEB dysfunctions such as inflammatory bowel diseases or irritable bowel syndrome. ABSTRACT Intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) dysfunctions, such as increased permeability or altered healing, are central to intestinal disorders. Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is known to reduce IEB permeability, but its ability to modulate IEB repair remains unknown. This study aimed to characterize the impact of SNS on mucosal repair following 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced lesions. Six pigs were stimulated by SNS 3 h prior to and 3 h after TNBS enema, while sham animals (n = 8) were not stimulated. The impact of SNS on mucosal changes was evaluated by combining in vivo imaging, histological and functional methods. Biochemical and transcriptomic approaches were used to analyse the IEB and mucosal inflammatory response. We observed that SNS enhanced the recovery from TNBS-induced increase in transcellular permeability. At 24 h, TNBS-induced alterations of mucosal morphology were significantly less in SNS compared with sham animals. SNS reduced TNBS-induced changes in ZO-1 expression and its epithelial pericellular distribution, and also increased pFAK/FAK expression compared with sham. Interestingly, SNS increased the mucosal density of neutrophils, which was correlated with an increase in trypsin and TGF-β1 levels compared with sham. Finally, SNS prevented the TNBS-induced increases in IL-1β and IL-4 over time that were observed with sham treatment. In conclusion, our results show that SNS enhances mucosal repair following injury. This study highlights novel mechanisms of action of SNS and identifies SNS as a new therapy for diseases with IEB repair disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Brégeon
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Emmanuel Coron
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Anna Christina Cordeiro Da Silva
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Julie Jaulin
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Philippe Aubert
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Julien Chevalier
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | | | - Guillaume Meurette
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- INSERM, U913, Nantes, F-44093, France.,Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France.,CHU Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, F-44093, France
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5
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Brégeon J, Neunlist M, Bossard C, Biraud M, Coron E, Bourreille A, Meurette G. Improvement of Refractory Ulcerative Proctitis With Sacral Nerve Stimulation. J Clin Gastroenterol 2015; 49:853-7. [PMID: 25930972 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is recognized for its efficiency and safety for anal incontinence, preventing high morbidity. Evidence from the literature suggests extending SNS to diseases associated with problems of intestinal barrier permeability. The aim of this study was to highlight clinical evidence of the beneficial impact of SNS in a refractory proctitis case report. MATERIALS AND METHODS A permanent SNS was performed successfully in a patient with proctitis after implantation of the neuromodulator. Despite immunosuppressive drugs, the patient was experiencing mucus and blood discharge, pain, and fecal incontinence. To relieve fecal incontinence, SNS was tested without modification of medications. Disease activity, endoscopic and histologic score, ex vivo barrier permeability, expression of inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-β, tumor necrosis factor α, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8), and junctional proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, occludin) were assessed before and after SNS to observe the impact of SNS other than for incontinence. RESULTS After a 3-week period of temporary stimulation, the patient experienced significant improvement with a decrease in fecal incontinence and disease activity scores. Both endoscopic and histologic scores showed improvement. The rectal barrier permeability decreased with SNS, whereas junctional protein mRNA expression transiently increased. Clinical and histologic improvement was sustained over time. After 18 months of permanent stimulation, the patient remained improved by SNS. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates the relevance to explore further indications of SNS beyond fecal incontinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Brégeon
- *INSERM UMR 913, Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif, CHU de Nantes, Université de Nantes †Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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6
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Carbone ML, Brégeon J, Devos N, Chadeuf G, Blanchard A, Azizi M, Pacaud P, Jeunemaître X, Loirand G. Angiotensin II activates the RhoA exchange factor Arhgef1 in humans. Hypertension 2015; 65:1273-8. [PMID: 25870189 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although a causative role for RhoA-Rho kinase has been recognized in the development of human hypertension, the molecular mechanism(s) and the RhoA guanine exchange factor(s) responsible for the overactivation of RhoA remain unknown. Arhgef1 was identified as a RhoA guanine exchange factor involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated regulation of vascular tone and hypertension in mice. The aim of this study was to determine whether Arhgef1 is activated and involved in the activation of RhoA-Rho kinase signaling by Ang II in humans. In vitro stimulation of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by Ang II (0.1 μmol/L) induced activation of Arhgef1 attested by its increased tyrosine phosphorylation. Silencing of Arhgef1 expression by siRNA inhibited Ang II-induced activation of RhoA-Rho kinase signaling. In normotensive subjects, activation of the renin-angiotensin system by a low-salt diet for 7 days increased RhoA-Rho kinase signaling and stimulated Arhgef1 activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that Arhgef1 mediates Ang II-induced RhoA activation in humans. Moreover, they show that measurement of RhoA guanine exchange factor activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells might be a useful method to evaluate RhoA guanine exchange factor activity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luigia Carbone
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Jérémy Brégeon
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Nabila Devos
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Gilliane Chadeuf
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Anne Blanchard
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Michel Azizi
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Pierre Pacaud
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Xavier Jeunemaître
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.)
| | - Gervaise Loirand
- From Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291 and University of Nantes, Nantes, France (M.L.C., J.B., G.C., P.P., G.L.); CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (P.P., G.L.); Inserm, UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France (N.D, X.J.); Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (A.B., M.A., X.J.); Inserm CIC 1418, Paris, France (A.B., M.A.); and Laboratorio di Genomica e Proteomica funzionale, Universta di Bari, Bari, Italy (M.L.C.).
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Provost M, Brégeon J, Aubert P, Duchalais-Dassonneville E, D'Aldebert E, Vergnolle N, Neunlist M, Meurette G. Effects of 1-week sacral nerve stimulation on the rectal intestinal epithelial barrier and neuromuscular transmission in a porcine model. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:40-50. [PMID: 25388954 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a validated treatment for fecal incontinence, although the mechanism of action remains unknown. Short-term effects of SNS on the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) have been reported previously. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of a 1-week SNS on the IEB in a preclinical model. METHODS Fourteen pigs were implanted for bilateral SNS. Seven pigs received 7-day stimulation, whereas the remaining animals received no stimulation. Rectal biopsies were performed before and after SNS. We assessed IEB permeability, mucosal tight junction and cytokine mRNA expression, IL-6 production in an organotypic culture model, and neuromuscular transmission in muscle strips. KEY RESULTS IEB permeability was not modified after stimulation, as compared with baseline. The PAR-induced increase in IEB permeability and the mucosal ZO-1 mRNA decrease observed in the controls were not observed into the stimulated group. Cytokine overexpression was not observed in the mucosa in either group. SNS decreased IL-6 production in the organotypic culture model. In the stimulated group, the area-under-the-curve of the EFS-induced contractile response was significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The main conclusions of our work are (i) the successful development of a preclinical model of bilateral SNS and (ii) in physiological conditions, 1-week SNS did not lead to functional changes in the mucosa. While under stress-induced conditions, SNS modified the properties of the IEB, leading to a decrease in its permeability. Neuromuscular transmission was modified by SNS, leading to neuronal hyperexcitability. These results add evidence to the reinforcement of the IEB by SNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Provost
- INSERM UMR 913, Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
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Berger J, Vaillant N, Claderon C, Brégeon J, Le May C, Hadchouel J, Costet P, Loirand G, Cariou B. PCSK9-deficiency does not alter blood pressure and sodium balance in mouse models of hypertension. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gary-Bobo G, Houssaini A, Amsellem V, Rideau D, Pacaud P, Perrin A, Brégeon J, Marcos E, Dubois-Randé JL, Sitbon O, Savale L, Adnot S. Effects of HIV protease inhibitors on progression of monocrotaline- and hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Circulation 2010; 122:1937-47. [PMID: 20974998 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.973750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is among the complications of HIV infection. Combination antiretroviral therapy may influence the progression of HIV-related PH. Because Akt signaling is a potential molecular target of HIV protease inhibitors (HPIs), we hypothesized that these drugs altered monocrotaline- and hypoxia-induced PH in rats by downregulating the Akt pathway, thereby inhibiting pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. METHODS AND RESULTS Daily treatment with each of 3 first-generation HPIs (ritonavir 30 mg/kg, amprenavir 100 mg/kg, and nelfinavir 500 mg/kg) started 3 weeks after a subcutaneous monocrotaline injection (60 mg/kg) substantially diminished pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, number of muscularized pulmonary vessels, pulmonary arterial wall thickness, and proliferating pulmonary vascular Ki67-labeled cells without affecting vessel caspase 3 staining. HPI treatment partially prevented the development of hypoxia- and monocrotaline-induced PH. Monocrotaline-induced PH was associated with marked activation of Akt signaling in the lungs and proximal pulmonary arteries, with increases in phosphorylated Akt, phosphorylated glycogen-synthase-kinase-3β (GSK3), and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase, all of which decreased markedly after treatment with each HPI. In contrast, PH-associated increases in phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 and myosin light-chain phosphatase were unaltered by the HPIs. The 3 HPIs and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 inhibited platelet-derived growth factor-induced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3 in cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and blocked cell proliferation; this last effect was abolished by the GSK3 inhibitor SB216763. CONCLUSION These results support an effect of HPIs on pulmonary vascular remodeling mediated by inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and consequently of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Gary-Bobo
- INSERM U955 and Département de Physiologie Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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