51
|
Design and Characterization of a Cell-Penetrating Peptide Derived from the SOX2 Transcription Factor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179354. [PMID: 34502261 PMCID: PMC8431565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is an oncogenic transcription factor overexpressed in nearly half of the basal-like triple-negative breast cancers associated with very poor outcomes. Targeting and inhibiting SOX2 is clinically relevant as high SOX2 mRNA levels are positively correlated with decreased overall survival and progression-free survival in patients affected with breast cancer. Given its key role as a master regulator of cell proliferation, SOX2 represents an important scaffold for the engineering of dominant-negative synthetic DNA-binding domains (DBDs) that act by blocking or interfering with the oncogenic activity of the endogenous transcription factor in cancer cells. We have synthesized an interference peptide (iPep) encompassing a truncated 24 amino acid long C-terminus of SOX2 containing a potential SOX-specific nuclear localization sequence, and the determinants of the binding of SOX2 to the DNA and to its transcription factor binding partners. We found that the resulting peptide (SOX2-iPep) possessed intrinsic cell penetration and promising nuclear localization into breast cancer cells, and decreased cellular proliferation of SOX2 overexpressing cell lines. The novel SOX2-iPep was found to exhibit a random coil conformation predominantly in solution. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to characterize the interactions of both the SOX2 transcription factor and the SOX2-iPep with FGF4-enhancer DNA in the presence of the POU domain of the partner transcription factor OCT4. Predictions of the free energy of binding revealed that the iPep largely retained the binding affinity for DNA of parental SOX2. This work will enable the future engineering of novel dominant interference peptides to transport different therapeutic cargo molecules such as anti-cancer drugs into cells.
Collapse
|
52
|
Phosphorylation of intestine-specific homeobox by ERK1 modulates oncogenic activity and sorafenib resistance. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:160-171. [PMID: 34265398 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear translocation regulated by phosphorylation is a key step in providing activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) access to their nuclear targets; however, the mechanisms linking MAPK-induced nuclear translocation and target gene expression mediating oncologic activity remain obscure. Here, we show that the MAPK extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1, but not ERK2, phosphorylated intestine-specific homeobox (ISX), leading to its nuclear translocation and downstream oncogenic signaling. Mechanistically, ERK1 phosphorylated serine 183 of ISX, facilitating its nuclear translocation and downstream target gene expression. In contrast, dominant-negative ERK1 expression in hepatoma cells inhibited the nuclear translocation of ISX and the expression of downstream genes involved in cell proliferation, malignant transformation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and in vivo. An activating mutation in ISX (S183D) exhibited a constitutive nuclear localization and resistance to sorafenib. Additionally, in 576 paired clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and adjacent normal tissues, ERK1 and ISX were co-expressed in a tumor-specific manner at mRNA and protein levels, while their mRNA levels showed significant correlation with survival duration, tumor size, number, and stage. These results highlight the significance of ERK1/ISX signaling in HCC progression and its potential as a prognostic and therapeutic target in HCC.
Collapse
|
53
|
Estrogen suppresses HOXB2 expression via ERα in breast cancer cells. Gene 2021; 794:145746. [PMID: 34062258 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The expression of HOXB2, a homeobox transcription factor, is altered in a variety of solid tumors. Using an in vivo screen to identify regulators of breast tumor growth in murine mammary fat pads, Boimel and co-workers recently identified HOXB2 as a tumor suppressor. However, the mechanistic underpinnings of its role in breast cancer is not understood. Given the emerging interaction of estrogen-regulated gene expression and altered HOX gene expression network in the pathophysiology of breast cancer, this study addressed the relationship between estrogen signaling and HOXB2 expression. Using a mouse model and human breast cancer cell lines, we show that estrogen suppresses HOXB2 expression. Suppression of HOXB2 by PPT, a known ERα agonist, in MCF-7 and T47D cells indicated the involvement of ERα, which was confirmed by siRNA-mediated ERα knockdown experiments. In-silico analysis of the upstream promoter region revealed the presence of three putative EREs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that upon estrogen binding, ERα engaged with EREs in the 5' upstream region of HOXB2 in MCF-7 and T47D cells. Future investigations should address the implications of estrogen-mediated suppression on the proposed tumor suppressor function of HOXB2.
Collapse
|
54
|
Integrated analysis of ceRNA network and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in esophageal cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228599. [PMID: 33960364 PMCID: PMC8164107 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the world. Tumor immune microenvironment is closely related to tumor prognosis. The present study aimed at analyzing the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in ESCA. Methods: The expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. A ceRNA network was established based on the differentially expressed RNAs by Cytoscape. CIBERSORT was applied to estimate the proportion of immune cells in ESCA. Prognosis-associated genes and immune cells were applied to establish prognostic models basing on Lasso and multivariate Cox analyses. The survival curves were constructed with Kaplan–Meier method. The predictive efficacy of the prognostic models was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs were identified. We constructed the ceRNA network including 23 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs, and 147 mRNAs. Five key molecules (HMGB3, HOXC8, HSPA1B, KLHL15, and RUNX3) were identified from the ceRNA network and five significant immune cells (plasma cells, T cells follicular helper, monocytes, dendritic cells activated, and neutrophils) were selected via CIBERSORT. The ROC curves based on key genes and significant immune cells all showed good sensitivity (AUC of 3-year survival: 0.739, AUC of 5-year survival: 0.899, AUC of 3-year survival: 0.824, AUC of 5-year survival: 0.876). There was certain correlation between five immune cells and five key molecules. Conclusion: The present study provides an effective bioinformatics basis for exploring the potential biomarkers of ESCA and predicting its prognosis.
Collapse
|
55
|
Bajpai D, Mehdizadeh S, Uchiyama A, Inoue Y, Sawaya A, Overmiller A, Brooks SR, Hasneen K, Kellett M, Palazzo E, Motegi SI, Yuspa SH, Cataisson C, Morasso MI. Loss of DLX3 tumor suppressive function promotes progression of SCC through EGFR-ERBB2 pathway. Oncogene 2021; 40:3680-3694. [PMID: 33947961 PMCID: PMC8159909 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) ranks second in the frequency of all skin cancers. The balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation is disrupted in the pathological development of cSCC. DLX3 is a homeobox transcription factor which plays pivotal roles in embryonic development and epidermal homeostasis. To investigate the impact of DLX3 expression on cSCC prognosis, we carried out clinicopathologic analysis of DLX3 expression which showed statistical correlation between tumors of higher pathologic grade and levels of DLX3 protein expression. Further, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated that low DLX3 expression correlated with poor patient survival. To model the function of Dlx3 in skin tumorigenesis, a two-stage dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) study was performed on mice genetically depleted of Dlx3 in skin epithelium (Dlx3cKO). Dlx3cKO mice developed significantly more tumors, with more rapid tumorigenesis compared to control mice. In Dlx3cKO mice treated only with DMBA, tumors developed after ~16 weeks suggesting that loss of Dlx3 has a tumor promoting effect. Whole transcriptome analysis of tumor and skin tissue from our mouse model revealed spontaneous activation of the EGFR-ERBB2 pathway in the absence of Dlx3. Together, our findings from human and mouse model system support a tumor suppressive function for DLX3 in skin and underscore the efficacy of therapeutic approaches that target EGFR-ERBB2 pathway.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Aged
- Animals
- Carcinogens/toxicity
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Grading
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Skin Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Survival Rate
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/toxicity
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Bajpai
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Spencer Mehdizadeh
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Akihiko Uchiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuta Inoue
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Andrew Sawaya
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Overmiller
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kowser Hasneen
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meghan Kellett
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elisabetta Palazzo
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Aichmüller CF, Iskar M, Jones DTW, Korshunov A, Radlwimmer B, Kool M, Ernst A, Pfister SM, Lichter P, Zapatka M. Pilocytic astrocytoma demethylation and transcriptional landscapes link bZIP transcription factors to immune response. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:1327-1338. [PMID: 32052037 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common pediatric brain tumor. While genome and transcriptome landscapes are well studied, data of the complete methylome, tumor cell composition, and immune infiltration are scarce. METHODS We generated whole genome bisulfite sequence (WGBS) data of 9 PAs and 16 control samples and integrated available 154 PA and 57 control methylation array data. RNA sequence data of 49 PAs and 11 control samples as well as gene expression arrays of 248 PAs and 28 controls were used to assess transcriptional activity. RESULTS DNA-methylation patterns of partially methylated domains suggested high stability of the methylomes during tumorigenesis. Comparing tumor and control tissues of infra- and supratentorial location using methylation arrays revealed a site specific pattern. Analysis of WGBS data revealed 9381 significantly differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in PA versus control tissue. Enhancers and transcription factor (TF) motifs of five distinct TF families were found to be enriched in DMRs. Methylation together with gene expression data-based in silico tissue deconvolution analysis indicated a striking variation in the immune cell infiltration in PA. A TF network analysis showed a regulatory relation between basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors and genes involved in immune-related processes. CONCLUSION We provide evidence for a link of focal methylation differences and differential gene expression to immune infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Murat Iskar
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Radlwimmer
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aurelie Ernst
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Zapatka
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Cao C, Zhang X, Xu Y. Propofol prevents the aggressive progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma via regulating circ_0005623/miR-195-5p/HOXB7 axis. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1015-1028. [PMID: 33894003 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a general oral disease with high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of propofol in OSCC. Propofol treatment inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but promoted apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in OSCC cells. miR-195-5p was a target of circ_0005623 and directly targeted to HOXB7. Circ_0005623 and HOXB7 were upregulated, while miR-195-5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of circ_0005623 partly reversed the effects of propofol on cell proliferation, migration invasion, EMT, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in SCC-9 and CAL-27 cells. Meanwhile, further investigation uncovered that circ_0005623 could act as a sponge for miR-195-5p to regulate HOXB7 expression, thereby mediating the suppression effects of propofol on OSCC cells. In vivo assay suggested that overexpression of circ_0005623 promoted tumor growth, which was inhibited by propofol treatment. Taken together, propofol regulated aggressive progression of OSCC via the circ_0005623/miR-195-5p/HOXB7 axis, providing the new train of thoughts for diagnosis and therapy of human OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Wang Y, He B, Dong Y, He GJ, Qi XW, Li Y, Yang YF, Rao Y, Cen ZS, Han F, Ding J, Li JJ. Homeobox-A13 acts as a functional prognostic and diagnostic biomarker via regulating P53 and Wnt signaling pathways in lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:239-254. [PMID: 33896818 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-200540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of lung cancer patients is poor without useful prognostic and diagnostic biomarker. To search for novel prognostic and diagnostic markers, we previously found homeobox-A13 (HOXA13) as a promising candidate in lung cancer. OBJECTIVE To determine the precisely clinical feature, prognostic and diagnostic value, possible role and mechanism of HOXA13. METHODS Gene-expression was explored by real-time quantitative-PCR, western-blot and tissue-microarray. The associations were analyzed by Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression. The roles and mechanisms were evaluated by MTS, EdU, transwell, xenograft tumor and luciferase-reporter assays. RESULTS HOXA13 expression is increased in tumors, and correlated with age of patients. HOXA13 expression is associated with unfavorable overall survival and relapse-free survival of patients in four cohorts. Interestingly, HOXA13 has different prognostic significance in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), and is a sex- and smoke-related prognostic factor only in ADC. Importantly, HOXA13 can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer, especially for SCC. HOXA13 can promote cancer-cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and facilitate tumorigenicity and tumor metastasis in vivo. HOXA13 acts the oncogenic roles on tumor growth and metastasis by regulating P53 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities in lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS HOXA13 is a new prognostic and diagnostic biomarker associated with P53 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gong-Jing He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Qi
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Fei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong-Shun Cen
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Han
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Méndez-López LF, Caboni P, Arredondo-Espinoza E, Carrizales-Castillo JJJ, Balderas-Rentería I, Camacho-Corona MDR. Bioassay-Guided Identification of the Antiproliferative Compounds of Cissus trifoliata and the Transcriptomic Effect of Resveratrol in Prostate Cancer Pc3 Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082200. [PMID: 33920405 PMCID: PMC8070146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioassay-guided fractionation of a CHCl3-MeOH extract from the stems of Cissus trifoliata identified an active fraction against PC3 prostate cancer cells. The treatment for 24 h showed an 80% reduction in cell viability (p ≤ 0.05) by a WST-1 assay at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The HPLC-QTOF-MS analysis of the fraction showed the presence of coumaric and isoferulic acids, apigenin, kaempferol, chrysoeriol, naringenin, ursolic and betulinic acids, hexadecadienoic and octadecadienoic fatty acids, and the stilbene resveratrol. The exposure of PC3 cells to resveratrol (IC25 = 23 μg/mL) for 24 h induced significant changes in 847 genes (Z-score ≥ ±2). The functional classification tool of the DAVID v6.8 platform indicates that the underlying molecular mechanisms against the proliferation of PC3 cells were associated (p ≤ 0.05) with the process of differentiation and metabolism. These findings provide experimental evidence suggesting the potential of C. trifoliata as a promising natural source of anticancer compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Méndez-López
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, Mexico; (E.A.-E.); (J.J.J.C.-C.); (I.B.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Publica, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 66460, Mexico
- Correspondence: (L.F.M.-L.); ; (M.d.R.C.-C.); Tel.: +52-81-8329-4000-3414 (M.d.R.C.-C.)
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Dipartamento Scienze della vita e dell’ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Eder Arredondo-Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, Mexico; (E.A.-E.); (J.J.J.C.-C.); (I.B.-R.)
| | - Juan J. J. Carrizales-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, Mexico; (E.A.-E.); (J.J.J.C.-C.); (I.B.-R.)
| | - Isaías Balderas-Rentería
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, Mexico; (E.A.-E.); (J.J.J.C.-C.); (I.B.-R.)
| | - María del Rayo Camacho-Corona
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, Mexico; (E.A.-E.); (J.J.J.C.-C.); (I.B.-R.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.M.-L.); ; (M.d.R.C.-C.); Tel.: +52-81-8329-4000-3414 (M.d.R.C.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Lei D, Yang WT, Zheng PS. HOXB4 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:105. [PMID: 33479226 PMCID: PMC7820415 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox B4 (HOXB4), which belongs to the homeobox (HOX) family, possesses transcription factor activity and has a crucial role in stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. However, its biological function and exact mechanism in cervical cancer remain unknown. Here, we found that HOXB4 was markedly downregulated in cervical cancer. We demonstrated that HOXB4 obviously suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. Additionally, HOXB4-induced cell cycle arrest at the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. Conversely, loss of HOXB4 promoted cervical cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic studies revealed that HOXB4 inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by direct transcriptional repression of β-catenin. Furthermore, β-catenin re-expression rescued HOXB4-induced cervical cancer cell defects. Taken together, these findings suggested that HOXB4 directly transcriptional repressed β-catenin and subsequently inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to significant inhibition of cervical cancer cell growth and tumor formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Padam KSR, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP, Paul B, Hunter KD, Radhakrishnan R. In silico analysis of HOX-associated transcription factors as potential regulators of oral cancer. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:72-79. [PMID: 33741282 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was identification of the transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) in the promoter of HOX genes and elucidation of the comprehensive interaction of transcription factors (TFs)/genes with HOX. METHODOLOGY Promoter sequences of HOXA3, HOXA5, HOXA9, HOXA10, HOXA13, HOXB5, HOXC10, HOXC12, and HOXD10 were analyzed to predict the TFBS and their targets using TRANSFAC, TRRUST, and Harmonizome. Functional analysis of the processed data sets was carried out using DAVID and GATHER gene annotation tools. A network of regulatory interactions was constructed using NetworkAnalyst and a comprehensive illustration of the TF-gene network was constructed with HOX as a central hub using the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data. Further, the enriched network was constructed to elucidate the roles of these genes in the various pathways. RESULTS Binding sites for E2F1, HNF3α, SP3, and KLF6 were common to promoter regions of all of the HOX genes. The functional annotation and pathway analysis elucidated the regulatory activity of a distinct set of TF-genes in interaction with HOX. A P value ≤.05 and false discovery rate ≤0.01 were considered statistically significant. CONCLUSION We have confirmed that the predicted TFBSs in the HOX gene promoters function in transcriptional regulation by modulating target gene activity. TF-gene interactions are crucial to understanding oral carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanaka Sai Ram Padam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Keith D Hunter
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Gİrgİn B, KaradaĞ-Alpaslan M, KocabaŞ F. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor function of MEIS and associated factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 44:328-355. [PMID: 33402862 PMCID: PMC7759197 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2006-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MEIS proteins are historically associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and invasion in cancer. MEIS and associated PBX-HOX proteins may act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in different cellular settings. Their expressions tend to be misregulated in various cancers. Bioinformatic analyses have suggested their upregulation in leukemia/lymphoma, thymoma, pancreas, glioma, and glioblastoma, and downregulation in cervical, uterine, rectum, and colon cancers. However, every cancer type includes, at least, a subtype with high MEIS expression. In addition, studies have highlighted that MEIS proteins and associated factors may function as diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for various diseases. Herein, MEIS proteins and associated factors in tumorigenesis are discussed with recent discoveries in addition to how they could be modulated by noncoding RNAs or newly developed small-molecule MEIS inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birkan Gİrgİn
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul Turkey.,Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, İstanbul Turkey.,Meinox Pharma Technologies, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Medine KaradaĞ-Alpaslan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun Turkey
| | - Fatih KocabaŞ
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul Turkey.,Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, İstanbul Turkey.,Meinox Pharma Technologies, İstanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Bressler KR, Ross JA, Ilnytskyy S, Vanden Dungen K, Taylor K, Patel K, Zovoilis A, Kovalchuk I, Thakor N. Depletion of eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (eIF5B) reprograms the cellular transcriptome and leads to activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:253-264. [PMID: 33123915 PMCID: PMC7736443 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the integrated stress response (ISR), global translation initiation is attenuated; however, noncanonical mechanisms allow for the continued translation of specific transcripts. Eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (eIF5B) has been shown to play a critical role in canonical translation as well as in noncanonical mechanisms involving internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and upstream open reading frame (uORF) elements. The uORF-mediated translation regulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) mRNA plays a pivotal role in the cellular ISR. Our recent study confirmed that eIF5B depletion removes uORF2-mediated repression of ATF4 translation, which results in the upregulation of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34) transcription. Accordingly, we hypothesized that eIF5B depletion may reprogram the transcriptome profile of the cell. Here, we employed genome-wide transcriptional analysis on eIF5B-depleted cells. Further, we validate the up- and downregulation of several transcripts from our RNA-seq data using RT-qPCR. We identified upregulated pathways including cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis, as well as downregulated pathways of transcriptional misregulation in cancer and T cell receptor signaling. We also confirm that depletion of eIF5B leads to activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) arm of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. This data suggests that depletion of eIF5B reprograms the cellular transcriptome and influences critical cellular processes such as ER stress and ISR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamiko R Bressler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Joseph A Ross
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Chinook Contract Research Inc., 97 East Lake Ramp NE, Airdrie, Alberta, T4A 2 K4, Canada
| | - Slava Ilnytskyy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Keiran Vanden Dungen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Katrina Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Kush Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Athanasios Zovoilis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience (CCBN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre (SAGSC), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3 M4, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre (SAGSC), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3 M4, Canada
| | - Nehal Thakor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada.
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience (CCBN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada.
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre (SAGSC), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3 M4, Canada.
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Zheng H, Li C, Li Z, Zhu K, Bao H, Xiong J, Liang P. HOXB9 enhances the ability of lung cancer cells to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:4999-5019. [PMID: 33411683 PMCID: PMC7950248 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Even after multimodal therapy, the prognosis is dismal for patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits tumor cell penetration into the brain parenchyma, some nevertheless colonize brain tissue through mechanisms that are not fully clear. Here we show that homeobox B9 (HOXB9), which is commonly overexpressed in NSCLC, promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor migration and invasion. Animal experiments showed that HOXB9 expression correlates positively with the brain metastatic potential of human NSCLC cells, while brain metastatic cells derived through in vivo selection showed greater HOXB9 expression than their cells of origin. Comparable results were obtained after immunohistochemical analysis of clinical primary NSCLC and matched brain metastasis samples obtained after surgery. Using an in vitro BBB model, knockdown and overexpression experiments showed that HOXB9-dependent expression of MMP9 in NSCLC cells leads to reduced expression of junctional proteins in cultured human vascular endothelial cells and enhanced transmigration of tumor cells. These data indicate that HOXB9 enables NSCLC cells to break away from the primary tumor by inducing EMT, and promotes brain metastasis by driving MMP9 production and degradation of intercellular adhesion proteins in endothelial cells comprising the BBB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HongShan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - ChenLong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - ZhenZhe Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - KaiBin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - HongBo Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - JinSheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Hu L, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Liao K, Xu S, Wang D. Cloning and expression of Hoxc6 gene from Pampus argenteus and its relationship with pelvic fin absence. Gene Expr Patterns 2020; 39:119161. [PMID: 33309862 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2020.119161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hoxc6 gene can be described as having roles in axial patterning in early embryogenesis, and in at least some species, having a contribution to limb positioning. In this study, we cloned and characterised Pampus argenteus Hoxc6. The highly conserved HOXC6 protein sequence contains a homeodomain and a low-complexity region. Expression of Hoxc6 mRNA was measured at different developmental stages and in different tissues by real-time PCR (p < 0.05), and was high during eye capsule and brain differentiation stages, but low in 7 and 13-day-old larvae. Hoxc6 mRNA was more abundant in fin tissue than brain and eye tissues. Western blotting showed that HOXC6 protein levels were high at embryonic stages, but decreased significantly in 7, 13, 16 and 19-day-old larvae, and levels were essentially consistent with those of mRNA measured by real-time PCR in different tissues. In situ hybridisation showed that the Hoxc6 transcript was strongly expressed in the whole brain and anterior part of the body axis in 1-day-old larvae, but in the hindbrain, pectoral fin, mandible and hypothetical pelvic fin region in 7, 13, 16 and 19-day-old organisms. These results clarify the expression and localisation characteristics of Hoxc6 gene in P. argenteus, and provide a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of pelvic fin loss in silver pomfret.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhu Hu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanliang Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China.
| | - Danli Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Bucher M, Endesfelder D, Roessler U, Borkhardt A, Dückers G, Kirlum HJ, Lankisch P, Oommen PT, Niehues T, Rübe CE, Baumgartner I, Bunk F, Moertl S, Hornhardt S, Gomolka M. Analysis of chromosomal aberrations and γH2A.X foci to identify radiation-sensitive ataxia-telangiectasia patients. Mutat Res 2020; 861-862:503301. [PMID: 33551102 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a rare inherited recessive disorder which is caused by a mutated Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. Hallmarks include chromosomal instability, cancer predisposition and increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. The ATM protein plays an important role in signaling of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), thereby phosphorylating the histone H2A.X. Non-functional ATM protein leads to defects in DNA damage response, unresolved DSBs and genomic instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate chromosomal aberrations and γH2A.X foci as potential radiation sensitivity biomarkers in AT patients. For this purpose, lymphocytes of 8 AT patients and 10 healthy controls were irradiated and induced DNA damage and DNA repair capacity were detected by the accumulation of γH2A.X foci. The results were heterogeneous among AT patients. Evaluation revealed 2 AT patients with similar γH2A.X foci numbers as controls after 1 h while 3 patients showed a lower induction. In regard to DNA repair, 3 of 5 AT patients showed poor damage repair. Therefore, DNA damage induction and DNA repair as detected by H2A.X phosphorylation revealed individual differences, seems to depend on the underlying individual mutation and thus appears not well suited as a biomarker for radiation sensitivity. In addition, chromosomal aberrations were analyzed by mFISH. An increased frequency of spontaneous chromosomal breakage was characteristic for AT cells. After irradiation, significantly increased rates for non-exchange aberrations, translocations, complex aberrations and dicentric chromosomes were observed in AT patients compared to controls. The results of this study suggested, that complex aberrations and dicentric chromosomes might be a reliable biomarker for radiation sensitivity in AT patients, while non-exchange aberrations and translocations identified both, spontaneous and radiation-induced chromosomal instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bucher
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - David Endesfelder
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Ute Roessler
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Gregor Dückers
- Center for Child and Adolescent Health, HELIOS Hospital Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Kirlum
- Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Orthopedics in der Au, Kühbachstraße 1, 81543, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Lankisch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Prasad T Oommen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim Niehues
- Center for Child and Adolescent Health, HELIOS Hospital Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Claudia E Rübe
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Kirrberger Straße, Building 6.5, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ingrid Baumgartner
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Frank Bunk
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Hornhardt
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Maria Gomolka
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising and Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Maintenance of Cell Fate by the Polycomb Group Gene Sex Combs Extra Enables a Partial Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Drosophila. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:4459-4471. [PMID: 33051260 PMCID: PMC7718746 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing by Polycomb group (PcG) complexes can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness and is associated with malignancy of solid cancers. Here we report a role for Drosophila PcG repression in a partial EMT event that occurs during wing disc eversion, an early event during metamorphosis. In a screen for genes required for eversion we identified the PcG genes Sex combs extra (Sce) and Sex combs midleg (Scm). Depletion of Sce or Scm resulted in internalized wings and thoracic clefts, and loss of Sce inhibited the EMT of the peripodial epithelium and basement membrane breakdown, ex vivo. Targeted DamID (TaDa) using Dam-Pol II showed that Sce knockdown caused a genomic transcriptional response consistent with a shift toward a more stable epithelial fate. Surprisingly only 17 genes were significantly upregulated in Sce-depleted cells, including Abd-B, abd-A, caudal, and nubbin. Each of these loci were enriched for Dam-Pc binding. Of the four genes, only Abd-B was robustly upregulated in cells lacking Sce expression. RNAi knockdown of all four genes could partly suppress the Sce RNAi eversion phenotype, though Abd-B had the strongest effect. Our results suggest that in the absence of continued PcG repression peripodial cells express genes such as Abd-B, which promote epithelial state and thereby disrupt eversion. Our results emphasize the important role that PcG suppression can play in maintaining cell states required for morphogenetic events throughout development and suggest that PcG repression of Hox genes may affect epithelial traits that could contribute to metastasis.
Collapse
|
68
|
The role of HOPX in normal tissues and tumor progression. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:221873. [PMID: 31934721 PMCID: PMC6997107 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) as the smallest homeodomain protein, lacks certain conserved residues required for DNA binding. Through our literature search, we reviewed the current understandings of HOPX in normal tissues and tumor progression. HOPX was initially identified as a critical transcription factor in various normal tissues, which interacted with serum response factor (SRF) or other substance to regulate normal physiological function. However, HOPX is at a low expression or methylation level in tumors. These data indicated that HOPX may play a very important role in regulating differentiation phenotype and tumor suppressive function. We predicted the prognosis of HOPX in tumors from TCGA database and discussed the downstream genes of HOPX. To understand how HOPX is involved in the mechanisms between physical and pathological conditions could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for treatment.
Collapse
|
69
|
Zhang K, Chen L, Zhang Z, Cao J, He L, Li L. Ubiquitin-like protein FAT10: A potential cardioprotective factor and novel therapeutic target in cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:802-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
70
|
Miyamoto Y, Hiyoshi Y, Sawayama H, Tokunaga R, Baba H. Precision medicine for adjuvant chemotherapy of resected colorectal cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2020; 4:635-645. [PMID: 33319153 PMCID: PMC7726679 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in Japan. Surgical resection is the only curative option for localized disease. However, undetectable micrometastases remaining after curative surgery may cause disease recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy aims to eradicate these micrometastases to improve the cure rate. Unfortunately, few reliable prognostic and predictive markers are available that identify patients at high risk for CRC during early-stage disease. However, promising biomarkers may become available in the near future. Such biomarkers provide information for stratifying a patient's risk and for selecting the optimal treatment. Here, we provide an overview of current relevant prognostic and predictive biomarkers applicable to adjuvant treatment of early-stage CRC and focus on the future of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yukiharu Hiyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Sawayama
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Ryuma Tokunaga
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Nagel S, Pommerenke C, Meyer C, MacLeod RAF, Drexler HG. Aberrant expression of NKL homeobox genes HMX2 and HMX3 interferes with cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240120. [PMID: 33048949 PMCID: PMC7553312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The NKL-code describes normal expression patterns of NKL homeobox genes in hematopoiesis. Aberrant expression of NKL homeobox gene subclass members have been reported in several hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we analyzed the oncogenic role of the HMX-group of NKL homeobox genes in AML. Public expression profiling data–available for HMX1 and HMX2—indicate aberrant activity of HMX2 in circa 2% AML patients overall, rising to 31% in those with KMT2A/MLL rearrangements whereas HMX1 expression remains inconspicuous. AML cell lines EOL-1, MV4-11 and MOLM-13 expressed both, HMX2 and neighboring HMX3 genes, and harbored KMT2A aberrations, suggesting their potential functional association. Surprisingly, knockdown experiments in these cell lines demonstrated that KMT2A inhibited HMX2/3 which, in turn, did not regulate KMT2A expression. Furthermore, karyotyping and genomic profiling analysis excluded rearrangements of the HMX2/3 locus in these cell lines. However, comparative expression profiling and subsequent functional analyses revealed that IRF8, IL7- and WNT-signalling activated HMX2/3 expression while TNFa/NFkB- signalling proved inhibitory. Whole genome sequencing of EOL-1 identified two mutations in the regulatory upstream regions of HMX2/3 resulting in generation of a consensus ETS-site and transformation of a former NFkB-site into an SP1-site. Reporter-gene assays demonstrated that both mutations contributed to HMX2/3 activation, modifying ETS1/ELK1- and TNFalpha-mediated gene regulation. Moreover, DMSO-induced eosinophilic differentiation of EOL-1 cells coincided with HMX2/3 downregulation while knockdown of HMX2 induced cell differentiation, collectively supporting a fundamental role for these genes in myeloid differentiation arrest. Finally, target genes of HMX2/3 were identified in EOL-1 and included suppression of differentiation gene EPX, and activation of fusion gene FIP1L1-PDGFRA and receptor-encoding gene HTR7, both of which enhanced oncogenic ERK-signalling. Taken together, our study documents a leukemic role for deregulated NKL homeobox genes HMX2 and HMX3 in AML, revealing molecular mechanisms of myeloid differentiation arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nagel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Meyer
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderick A. F. MacLeod
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans G. Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Nguyen VHL, Yue C, Du KY, Salem M, O’Brien J, Peng C. The Role of microRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197093. [PMID: 32993038 PMCID: PMC7583982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological cancer, and the major cause of death is mainly attributed to metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that exert important regulatory functions in many biological processes through their effects on regulating gene expression. In most cases, miRNAs interact with the 3′ UTRs of target mRNAs to induce their degradation and suppress their translation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been detected in EOC tumors and/or the biological fluids of EOC patients. Such dysregulation occurs as the result of alterations in DNA copy numbers, epigenetic regulation, and miRNA biogenesis. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNAs can promote or suppress events related to EOC metastasis, such as cell migration, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and interaction with the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we provide a brief overview of miRNA biogenesis and highlight some key events and regulations related to EOC metastasis. We summarize current knowledge on how miRNAs are dysregulated, focusing on those that have been reported to regulate metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of miRNAs in promoting and inhibiting EOC metastasis. Finally, we point out some limitations of current findings and suggest future research directions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vu Hong Loan Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Chenyang Yue
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Kevin Y. Du
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Mohamed Salem
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Jacob O’Brien
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.H.L.N.); (C.Y.); (K.Y.D.); (M.S.); (J.O.)
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Hou W, Ji Z, Ji H, Hicks SC. A systematic evaluation of single-cell RNA-sequencing imputation methods. Genome Biol 2020; 21:218. [PMID: 32854757 PMCID: PMC7450705 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies has led to the emergence of many methods for removing systematic technical noises, including imputation methods, which aim to address the increased sparsity observed in single-cell data. Although many imputation methods have been developed, there is no consensus on how methods compare to each other. RESULTS Here, we perform a systematic evaluation of 18 scRNA-seq imputation methods to assess their accuracy and usability. We benchmark these methods in terms of the similarity between imputed cell profiles and bulk samples and whether these methods recover relevant biological signals or introduce spurious noise in downstream differential expression, unsupervised clustering, and pseudotemporal trajectory analyses, as well as their computational run time, memory usage, and scalability. Methods are evaluated using data from both cell lines and tissues and from both plate- and droplet-based single-cell platforms. CONCLUSIONS We found that the majority of scRNA-seq imputation methods outperformed no imputation in recovering gene expression observed in bulk RNA-seq. However, the majority of the methods did not improve performance in downstream analyses compared to no imputation, in particular for clustering and trajectory analysis, and thus should be used with caution. In addition, we found substantial variability in the performance of the methods within each evaluation aspect. Overall, MAGIC, kNN-smoothing, and SAVER were found to outperform the other methods most consistently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpin Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
| | - Zhicheng Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA.
| | - Stephanie C Hicks
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Jung J, Jeong S, Jeong H, Oh HE, Choi JW, Lee ES, Kim YS, Kwak Y, Kim WH, Lee JH. Increased HOXC6 mRNA expression is a novel biomarker of gastric cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236811. [PMID: 32745141 PMCID: PMC7398522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular biomarkers that are pivotal for the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). We analyzed clinical specimens using RNA sequencing to identify the target genes. We found that the expression of HOXC6 mRNA was upregulated with the progression of cancer, which was validated by quantitative real time PCR and RNA in-situ hybridization. To compare the protein expression of HOXC6, we evaluated GC and normal gastric tissue samples using western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. We detected significantly higher levels of HOXC6 in the GC tissues than in the normal controls at both mRNA and protein levels. The expression levels of HOXC6 mRNA in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) were significantly higher than those in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that high expression of HOXC6 mRNA is significantly associated with poor clinical prognosis. Our findings suggest that HOXC6 mRNA may be a novel biomarker and can be potentially valuable in predicting the prognosis of GC patients. Especially, HOXC6 mRNA in-situ hybridization may be a diagnostic tool for predicting prognosis of individual GC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Jung
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jeong
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoiseon Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Eun Oh
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Choi
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Seok Lee
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjin Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Brotto DB, Siena ÁDD, de Barros II, Carvalho SDCES, Muys BR, Goedert L, Cardoso C, Plaça JR, Ramão A, Squire JA, Araujo LF, Silva WAD. Contributions of HOX genes to cancer hallmarks: Enrichment pathway analysis and review. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320918050. [PMID: 32456563 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320918050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes function as master regulatory transcription factors during development, and their expression is often altered in cancer. The HOX gene family was initially studied intensively to understand how the expression of each gene was involved in forming axial patterns and shaping the body plan during embryogenesis. More recent investigations have discovered that HOX genes can also play an important role in cancer. The literature has shown that the expression of HOX genes may be increased or decreased in different tumors and that these alterations may differ depending on the specific HOX gene involved and the type of cancer being investigated. New studies are also emerging, showing the critical role of some members of the HOX gene family in tumor progression and variation in clinical response. However, there has been limited systematic evaluation of the various contributions of each member of the HOX gene family in the pathways that drive the common phenotypic changes (or "hallmarks") and that underlie the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells. In this review, we investigate the context of the engagement of HOX gene targets and their downstream pathways in the acquisition of competence of tumor cells to undergo malignant transformation and tumor progression. We also summarize published findings on the involvement of HOX genes in carcinogenesis and use bioinformatics methods to examine how their downstream targets and pathways are involved in each hallmark of the cancer phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Barbosa Brotto
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ádamo Davi Diógenes Siena
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ichihara de Barros
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Simone da Costa E Silva Carvalho
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rodrigues Muys
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lucas Goedert
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Cibele Cardoso
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jessica Rodrigues Plaça
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Anelisa Ramão
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jeremy Andrew Squire
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Luiza Ferreira Araujo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araújo da Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCT/CNPq) and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID/FAPESP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Center for Integrative System Biology (CISBi), NAP/USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Center for Medical Genomics, Clinics Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Zhang TJ, Xu ZJ, Gu Y, Wen XM, Ma JC, Zhang W, Deng ZQ, Leng JY, Qian J, Lin J, Zhou JD. Identification and validation of prognosis-related DLX5 methylation as an epigenetic driver in myeloid neoplasms. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e29. [PMID: 32508046 PMCID: PMC7403826 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulated DLX gene family members DLX1/2/3/4/5/6 (DLXs) caused by DNA methylation has been demonstrated in various cancers with therapeutic target value. However, the potential role of DLXs methylation in myeloid neoplasms such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains to be elucidated. Clinical significance of DLXs methylation/expression was analyzed in patient with AML and MDS. The functional roles of DLXs were determined in vitro. In the identification stage, we found that lower DLX5 expression was correlated with prognosis in AML among all DLXs analyzed by The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. In the validation stage, we revealed that reduced DLX5 expression was frequently occurred, and was also correlated with promoter hypermethylation in AML evaluated by targeted bisulfite sequencing. Epigenetic studies also showed that DLX5 promoter DNA methylation was associated with its expression. By quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we also validated that DLX5 hypermethylation was frequent event in both AML and MDS, and also correlated with MDS transformation to leukemia. Moreover, DLX5 hypermethylation was associated with lower rate of complete remission and shorter time of leukemia‐free/overall survival, and was also confirmed by Logistic/Cox regression analysis. Functional studies revealed the antiproliferative and pro‐apoptotic effects of DLX5 in MDS‐derived AML cell‐line SKM‐1. Finally, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that DLX5 functioned in leukemogenesis may be through the association with PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that DLX5 methylation, negatively correlated DLX5 expression, was a potential prognostic and predictive indicator in patients with AML and MDS, which could also act as an epigenetic driver in myeloid neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Juan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Mei Wen
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Chun Ma
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Qun Deng
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Yan Leng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Neoplasms of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Janmaat VT, Liu H, da Silva RA, Wisse PHA, Spaander MCW, Ten Hagen TLM, Smits R, Bruno MJ, Fuhler GM, Peppelenbosch MP. HOXA9 mediates and marks premalignant compartment size expansion in colonic adenomas. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:1514-1524. [PMID: 31099823 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of normal colonic epithelium to colorectal cancer (CRC) involves a relatively ordered progression, and understanding the molecular alterations involved may aid rational design of strategies aimed at preventing or counteracting disease. Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) is an oncogene in leukemia and has been implicated in CRC pathology, although its role in disease etiology remains obscure at best. We observe that HOXA9 expression is increased in colonic adenomas compared with location-matched healthy colon epithelium. Its forced expression results in dramatic genetic and signaling changes, with increased expression of growth factors IGF1 and FLT3, super-activity of the AKT survival pathway and a concomitant increase in compartment size. Furthermore, a reduced mRNA expression of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker N-cadherin as well as reduced activity of the actin cytoskeletal mediator PAK was seen, which is in apparent agreement with an observed reduced migratory response in HOXA9-overexpressing cells. Thus, HOXA9 appears closely linked with adenoma growth while impairing migration and metastasis and hence is both a marker and driver of premalignant polyp growth. Colonic polyps grow but remain premalignant for up to decades. Here, we show that HOXA9 drives growth in premalignant polyps, but simultaneously prevents further transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent T Janmaat
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo A da Silva
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter H A Wisse
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon C W Spaander
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Smits
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco J Bruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wang Y, He R, Ma L. Characterization of lncRNA-Associated ceRNA Network to Reveal Potential Prognostic Biomarkers in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:266. [PMID: 32426332 PMCID: PMC7212445 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most fatal malignant tumors harmful to human health. The complexity and behavior characteristics of long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in LUAD patients are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the regulatory networks of dysregulated RNAs, view, and identify potential prognosis signatures involved in LUAD. The expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs were obtained from the TCGA database. In total, 2078 DEmRNAs, 257 DElncRNAs, and 101 DEmiRNAs were sorted out. A PPI network including 45 DEmRNAs was constructed. Ten hub genes in the PPI network associated with cell cycle-related pathways were identified and they played key roles in regulating cell proliferation. A total of three DEmiRNAs, seven DElncRNAs, and six DEmRNAs were enrolled in the ceRNA network. Except for certain genes without any published study reports, all the genes in the ceRNA network played an essential role in controlling tumor cell proliferation and were associated with prognosis in LUAD. Finally, based on step regression and Cox regression survival analysis, we identified four candidate biomarkers, including miR490, miR1293, LINC01740, and IGF2BP1, and established a risk model based on the four genes. Our study provided a global view and systematic dissection of the lncRNA-associated ceRNA network, and the identified four genes might be novel important prognostic factors involved in LUAD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Guerra SL, Maertens O, Kuzmickas R, De Raedt T, Adeyemi RO, Guild CJ, Guillemette S, Redig AJ, Chambers ES, Xu M, Tiv H, Santagata S, Jänne PA, Elledge SJ, Cichowski K. A Deregulated HOX Gene Axis Confers an Epigenetic Vulnerability in KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancers. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:705-719.e6. [PMID: 32243838 PMCID: PMC10805385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
While KRAS mutations are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), effective treatments are lacking. Here, we report that half of KRAS-mutant NSCLCs aberrantly express the homeobox protein HOXC10, largely due to unappreciated defects in PRC2, which confers sensitivity to combined BET/MEK inhibitors in xenograft and PDX models. Efficacy of the combination is dependent on suppression of HOXC10 by BET inhibitors. We further show that HOXC10 regulates the expression of pre-replication complex (pre-RC) proteins in sensitive tumors. Accordingly, BET/MEK inhibitors suppress pre-RC proteins in cycling cells, triggering stalled replication, DNA damage, and death. These studies reveal a promising therapeutic strategy for KRAS-mutant NSCLCs, identify a predictive biomarker of response, and define a subset of NSCLCs with a targetable epigenetic vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Guerra
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ophélia Maertens
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Kuzmickas
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard O Adeyemi
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Caroline J Guild
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shawna Guillemette
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda J Redig
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emily S Chambers
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Man Xu
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong Tiv
- Experimental Therapeutic Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Shenoy S. Cell plasticity in cancer: A complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic mechanisms and tumor micro-environment. Surg Oncol 2020; 34:154-162. [PMID: 32891322 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell plasticity, also known as lineage plasticity is defined as the ability of a cell to reprogram and change its phenotype identity. Cell plasticity is context dependent and occurs during the development of an embryo, tissue regeneration, wound healing. However when deregulated and aberrant it also contributes to cancer initiation, progression, metastases and resistance to therapies. Tumors cells exhibit varying forms of cell plasticity in each stage of the disease to evade normal regulation as would have occurred in normal cell division and homeostasis. Current evidence demonstrates complex interplay between the genes, epigenes, tumor microenvironment and the EMT in cell reprogramming and cancer cell plasticity. Herein we present experimental evidence and evolving new developments in cell plasticity in cancer cells. Additionally "Deregulated/aberrant/hijacked cell plasticity" could be considered as an additional hallmark of a cancer. In the future, combining the advances in next generation sequencing and single cell RNA techniques with evolving AI (artificial intelligence) technologies such as deep learning techniques may predict the trajectories of cancer cells and assist in navigating through the complex intricacies of the cancers. A durable, precise, personalized oncologic treatment could be a reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Shenoy
- Clinical Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansas City VA Medical Center, University of Missouri Kansas City, USA; Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, HMS High-Impact Cancer Research (HI-CR) Program, Harvard Medical School 2018-2019, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
CDX2 Loss With Microsatellite Stable Phenotype Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome in Stage II Colorectal Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 43:1473-1482. [PMID: 31490234 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current risk factors in stage II colorectal carcinoma are insufficient to guide treatment decisions. Loss of CDX2 has been shown to associate with poor clinical outcome and predict benefit for adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II and III colorectal carcinoma. The prognostic relevance of CDX2 in stage II disease has not been sufficiently validated, especially in relation to clinical risk factors, such as microsatellite instability (MSI) status, BRAF mutation status, and tumor budding. In this study, we evaluated the protein expression of CDX2 in tumor center and front areas in a tissue microarrays material of stage II colorectal carcinoma patients (n=232). CDX2 expression showed a partial or total loss in respective areas in 8.6% and 10.9% of patient cases. Patients with loss of CDX2 had shorter disease-specific survival when scored independently either in tumor center or tumor front areas (log rank P=0.012; P=0.012). Loss of CDX2 predicted survival independently of other stage II risk factors, such as MSI status and BRAF mutation status, pT class, and tumor budding (hazard ratio=5.96, 95% confidence interval=1.55-22.95; hazard ratio=3.70, 95% confidence interval=1.30-10.56). Importantly, CDX2 loss predicted inferior survival only in patients with microsatellite stable, but not with MSI-high phenotype. Interestingly, CDX2 loss associated with low E-cadherin expression, tight junction disruption, and high expression of ezrin protein. The work demonstrates that loss of CDX2 is an independent risk factor of poor disease-specific survival in stage II colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, the study suggests that CDX2 loss is linked with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition independently of tumor budding.
Collapse
|
82
|
Nesteruk K, Janmaat VT, Liu H, Ten Hagen TLM, Peppelenbosch MP, Fuhler GM. Forced expression of HOXA13 confers oncogenic hallmarks to esophageal keratinocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165776. [PMID: 32222541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
HOXA13 overexpression has been detected in human ESCC tissue and high HOXA13 protein expression is correlated with a shorter median survival time in ESCC patients. Although aberrant expression of HOXA13 in ESCC has thus been established, little is known regarding the functional consequences thereof. The present study aimed to examine to what extent aberrant HOXA13 might drive carcinogenesis in esophageal keratinocytes. To this end, we overexpressed HOXA13 in a non-transformed human esophageal cell line EPC2-hTERT, performed gene expression profiling to identify key processes and functions, and performed functional experiments. We found that HOXA13 expression confers oncogenic hallmarks to esophageal keratinocytes. It provides proliferation advantage to keratinocytes, reduces sensitivity to chemical agents, regulates MHC class I expression and differentiation status and promotes cellular migration. Our data indicate a crucial role of HOXA13 at early stages of esophageal carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Liu
- Erasmus MC- University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Erasmus MC- University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands..
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Lempiäinen JK, Manjur ABMK, Malinen M, Ketola K, Niskanen EA, Palvimo JJ. BCOR-coupled H2A monoubiquitination represses a subset of androgen receptor target genes regulating prostate cancer proliferation. Oncogene 2020; 39:2391-2407. [PMID: 31925334 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have identified BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) as a hormone-dependent interaction partner of androgen receptor (AR), a key transcription factor in the development of normal and cancerous prostate. BCOR is often mutated in cancers and hematological diseases and as a component of a non-canonical polycomb repressive complex 1 (ncPRC1.1) required for arranging many facets of cellular differentiation. However, its role in androgen signaling or prostate cancer cells remains unknown. Here, our genome-wide analyses reveal that BCOR is recruited in an androgen-dependent fashion to majority of AR-binding chromatin sites in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. Interestingly, depletion of BCOR has a significant effect on the expression of androgen-repressed genes linked to regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and development. At many of these genes, such as HOX genes, the depletion leads to a decrease in H2A K119 monoubiquitination and an increase in mRNA expression. Consistently, BCOR depletion impairs the proliferation and viability of CRPC cells, inducing their apoptosis. Collectively, our data indicate a key role for the BCOR-ncPRC1.1 complex in the corepression of an important subset of AR target genes and the regulation of prostate cancer cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marjo Malinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Kirsi Ketola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einari A Niskanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Linck-Paulus L, Hellerbrand C, Bosserhoff AK, Dietrich P. Dissimilar Appearances Are Deceptive-Common microRNAs and Therapeutic Strategies in Liver Cancer and Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:E114. [PMID: 31906510 PMCID: PMC7017070 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs as therapeutic targets in two cancer types that were frequently described to be driven by miRNAs-melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By focusing on common microRNAs and associated pathways in these-at first sight-dissimilar cancer types, we aim at revealing similar molecular mechanisms that are evolved in microRNA-biology to drive cancer progression. Thereby, we also want to outlay potential novel therapeutic strategies. After providing a brief introduction to general miRNA biology and basic information about HCC and melanoma, this review depicts prominent examples of potent oncomiRs and tumor-suppressor miRNAs, which have been proven to drive diverse cancer types including melanoma and HCC. To develop and apply miRNA-based therapeutics for cancer treatment in the future, it is essential to understand how miRNA dysregulation evolves during malignant transformation. Therefore, we highlight important aspects such as genetic alterations, miRNA editing and transcriptional regulation based on concrete examples. Furthermore, we expand our illustration by focusing on miRNA-associated proteins as well as other regulators of miRNAs which could also provide therapeutic targets. Finally, design and delivery strategies of miRNA-associated therapeutic agents as well as potential drawbacks are discussed to address the question of how miRNAs might contribute to cancer therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Linck-Paulus
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja K. Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Can N, Oz Puyan F, Altaner S, Ozyilmaz F, Tokuc B, Pehlivanoglu Z, Kutlu KA. Mucins, trefoil factors and pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 expression in spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia and intestinal metaplasia adjacent to gastric carcinomas. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1402-1410. [PMID: 33224340 PMCID: PMC7667445 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.36923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancers are the second cause of cancer related deaths all around the world but gastric carcinogenesis remains a mystery. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) and spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM) are the two types of preneoplastic metaplasias. In this study, we aimed to investigate expression of Pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), mucins (MUCs), trefoil factors (TFFs) in SPEM and IM surrounding gastric carcinomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue samples of tumor adjacent gastric mucosa including IM (n = 61) and SPEM (n = 36) from 70 gastrectomy specimens were used for immunohistochemical analysis of PDX1, mucins (MUC5AC, MUC6) and trefoil factors (TFF2, TFF3). RESULTS Nuclear expression of PDX1 was present in both SPEM (32/36) and IM (60/61) and there was no significant difference in expression of PDX1 between the two types of metaplasias. While TFF3 and MUC5AC were abundant in IM, SPEM showed 100% expression of TFF2 and MUC6 and also lower positivity with TFF3 and MUC5AC. PDX1 positivity was related to expression of MUC5AC (60/61, p < 0.001) and TFF3 (60/61, p < 0.001) in IM and also associated with expression of MUC5AC (14/32, p < 0.05), MUC6 (32/32, p < 0.001), TFF2 (32/32, p < 0.001) and TFF3 (9/32, p < 0.05) in SPEM. Coexpression of TFF3 and TFF2 was present in 10 of 36 (27.7%) samples of SPEM and also 29 of 61 (47.5%) samples of IM exhibited dual expression of trefoil peptides. CONCLUSIONS PDX1 may affect the development of SPEM and IM. Expression patterns of TFFs and MUCs may indicate that IM evolves from SPEM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Can
- Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Fulya Oz Puyan
- Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Semsi Altaner
- Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Filiz Ozyilmaz
- Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Burcu Tokuc
- Department of Public Health, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| | | | - Kemal Ali Kutlu
- Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Nagel S, Scherr M, MacLeod RAF, Pommerenke C, Koeppel M, Meyer C, Kaufmann M, Dallmann I, Drexler HG. NKL homeobox gene activities in normal and malignant myeloid cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226212. [PMID: 31825998 PMCID: PMC6905564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have documented a hematopoietic NKL-code mapping physiological expression patterns of NKL homeobox genes in early hematopoiesis and in lymphopoiesis, which spotlights genes deregulated in lymphoid malignancies. Here, we enlarge this map to include normal NKL homeobox gene expressions in myelopoiesis by analyzing public expression profiling data and primary samples from developing and mature myeloid cells. We thus uncovered differential activities of six NKL homeobox genes, namely DLX2, HHEX, HLX, HMX1, NKX3-1 and VENTX. We further examined public expression profiling data of 251 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 183 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, thereby identifying 24 deregulated genes. These results revealed frequent deregulation of NKL homeobox genes in myeloid malignancies. For detailed analysis we focused on NKL homeobox gene NANOG, which acts as a stem cell factor and is correspondingly expressed alone in hematopoietic progenitor cells. We detected aberrant expression of NANOG in a small subset of AML patients and in AML cell line NOMO-1, which served as a model. Karyotyping and genomic profiling discounted rearrangements of the NANOG locus at 12p13. But gene expression analyses of AML patients and AML cell lines after knockdown and overexpression of NANOG revealed regulators and target genes. Accordingly, NKL homeobox genes HHEX, DLX5 and DLX6, stem cell factors STAT3 and TET2, and the NOTCH-pathway were located upstream of NANOG while NKL homeobox genes HLX and VENTX, transcription factors KLF4 and MYB, and anti-apoptosis-factor MIR17HG represented target genes. In conclusion, we have extended the NKL-code to the myeloid lineage and thus identified several NKL homeobox genes deregulated in AML and MDS. These data indicate a common oncogenic role of NKL homeobox genes in both lymphoid and myeloid malignancies. For misexpressed NANOG we identified an aberrant regulatory network, which contributes to the understanding of the oncogenic activity of NKL homeobox genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nagel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Michaela Scherr
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roderick A. F. MacLeod
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Max Koeppel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Meyer
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maren Kaufmann
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iris Dallmann
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans G. Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Ma M, Wang C, Ao Y, He N, Hao F, Liang H, Liu D. HOXC10 promotes proliferation and attenuates lipid accumulation of sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 49:101491. [PMID: 31812713 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Homeodomain-containing gene C10 (HOXC10), known to regulate cell differentiation and proliferation, is a key negative regulator in the browning of white adipose tissue in mice. Sheep is an important farm animal that provides meat for human consumption, with fat content being an important meat quality determinant; however, there is no report about the role of HOXC10 in sheep adipocytes or adipogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of HOXC10 on proliferation and adipogenic differentiation in sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (sBMSCs). In sBMSCs, HOXC10 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and upregulated the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-p70S6K, p-MEK, and p-ERK, whereas HOXC10 knockdown was associated with the opposite effects. These results suggested that HOXC10 may promote cell proliferation by activating the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathways. In addition, we found that HOXC10 expression was negatively associated with lipid accumulation in adipogenic-differentiated sBMSCs. HOXC10 overexpression in sBMSCs significantly decreased lipid droplet accumulation and suppressed the expression of adipogenic-specific genes, including ACC, LPL, PPARG, and FABP4, while HOXC10 knockdown was associated with the opposite effects. Furthermore, our study suggested a new regulatory mechanism of the effect of HOXC10 on lipid accumulation and metabolism; HOXC10 may negatively regulate lipid accumulation in adipogenic-differentiated sBMSCs, at least in part, by suppressing LPL expression. Overall, our research not only contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism of lipid accumulation and metabolism in sheep, but also shed light on meat quality control in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Cuiru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yue Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Nimantana He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Huang W, Shi Y, Han B, Wang Q, Zhang B, Qi C, Liu F. miR-802 inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of glioblastoma multiforme cells by directly targeting SIX4. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 38:66-76. [PMID: 31702057 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that the sine oculis homeobox 4 (SIX4) expression is very relevant to the progression of multiple cancers. Moreover, we found that miR-802 could directly target the SIX4. However, the precise mechanism of miR-802 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of miR-802/SIX4 axis in GBM. Here, our results showed that the SIX4 expression was obviously increased in GBM tissues and cell lines, and the miR-802 level was distinctly decreased. What is more, the SIX4 expression was negatively related to the miR-802 level in GBM tissues. Furthermore, increased miR-802 level evidently restrained the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GBM cells. Next, we confirmed that miR-802 could directly target SIX4 by using luciferase reporter assay. Besides, the knockdown of SIX4 had the similar effects with miR-802 overexpression on GBM cells. The inhibitory effects of miR-802 mimic were partially blocked by SIX4 overexpression. Altogether, the overexpression of miR-802 restrained cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT of GBM cells via the regulation of SIX4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: An elevated expression of SIX4 has been observed in colorectal cancer and nonsmall cell lung cancer. However, the precise roles of SIX4 in GBM have not been elucidated. Our study for the first time demonstrated that SIX4 level was significantly upregulated in GBM. Additionally, the knockdown of SIX4 inhibited cell growth, invasion, and the EMT of GBM. Moreover, our data suggested a significant negative correlation between miR-802 and SIX4 expression in GBM. MiR-802 suppressed GBM cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT by directly targeting SIX4, which suggested important roles for miR-802/SIX4 axis in the GBM pathogenesis and its potential application in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, JinTan People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Chunjian Qi
- Department of Central Lab, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Zhou T, Fu H, Dong B, Dai L, Yang Y, Yan W, Shen L. HOXB7 mediates cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through involvement of DNA damage repair. Thorac Cancer 2019; 11:3071-3085. [PMID: 31568655 PMCID: PMC7606015 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage repair is an important mechanism of platinum resistance. HOXB7 is one member of HOX family genes, which are essential developmental regulators and frequently dysregulated in cancer. Recently, its relevance in chemotherapy resistance and DNA damage repair has also been addressed. However, little is known regarding the association between HOXB7 and chemotherapy resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods The association between HOXB7 expression detected by immunohistochemisty and tumor regression grade (TRG) and long‐term survival was analyzed in 143 ESCC patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CCK8 assay was used to examine the effect of cisplatin in a panel of four ESCC cell lines. A stable cell strain with HOXB7 knockdown of KYSE150 and KYSE450 was established to explore the effect on cisplatin sensitivity. The interaction of HOXB7 with Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs was determined by GST‐pull down, coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent colocalization. Finally, we investigated whether disrupting HOXB7 function by a synthetic peptide HXR9 blocking the formation of HOXB7/PBX could enhance cisplatin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Results High expression of HOXB7 was associated with cisplatin resistance and worse chemotherapy efficacy. HOXB7 knockdown reinforced cisplatin sensitivity. It was identified that HOXB7 interacts with Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs. HOXB7 knockdown was related to the downregulation of Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs as well as arrested cell cycle in S phase. HOXB7 inhibition by HXR9 had a synergistic effect to improve cisplatin sensitivity. Conclusion HOXB7 may be a biomarker for the prediction of chemoresistance of ESCC and serves as a promising therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wanpu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Paço A, Freitas R. HOX genes as transcriptional and epigenetic regulators during tumorigenesis and their value as therapeutic targets. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1539-1552. [PMID: 31556724 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several HOX genes are aberrantly expressed in a wide range of cancers interfering with their development and resistance to treatment. This seems to be often caused by alterations in the methylation profiles of their promoters. The role of HOX gene products in cancer is highly 'tissue specific', relying ultimately on their ability to regulate oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes, directly as transcriptional regulators or indirectly interfering with the levels of epigenetic regulators. Nowadays, different strategies have been tested the use of HOX genes as therapeutic targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here, we trace the history of the research concerning the involvement of HOX genes in cancer, their connection with epigenetic regulation and their potential use as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paço
- Laboratório de Microbiologia do Solo, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada (IIFA), Universidade de Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Renata Freitas
- I3S - Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Institute for Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Li PD, Chen P, Peng X, Ma C, Zhang WJ, Dai XF. HOXC6 predicts invasion and poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma by driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:115-130. [PMID: 29348394 PMCID: PMC5811246 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of HOXC6 has been reported in several malignant tumors, yet little is known about the value of HOXC6 in invasion and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HOXC6 expression was positively correlated with high AFP level, liver cirrhosis, larger tumor, vascular invasion and BCLC stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that HOXC6 was an independent predictor for overall survival (OS) and time to recurrence (TTR). In addition, HOXC6 status could act as prognostic predictor in different risk subgroups. Moreover, HOXC6 maintained its prognostic value in different ability of invasiveness. Furthermore, combination of HOXC6 and serum AFP could be a potential predictor for survival in HCC patients. Additionally, further study showed that HOXC6 may promote invasion of HCC by driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Knockdown of HOXC6 significantly decreased the migration and invasion of HCC cells and changed the expression pattern of EMT markers. An opposite expression pattern of EMT markers was observed in HOXC6-transfected cells. In addition, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR results further confirmed this correlation. In conclusion, HOXC6 contributes to invasion by inducing EMT pathway and predicts poor prognosis of HCC. HOXC6/AFP expression may help to distinguish the different risks of HCC patients after hepatectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Dong Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Charlie Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Dai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Sun B, Hua J, Cui H, Liu H, Zhang K, Zhou H. MicroRNA-1197 downregulation inhibits proliferation and migration in human non- small cell lung cancer cells by upregulating HOXC11. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
93
|
Hosseinipour M, Wan F, Altomare D, Creek KE, Pirisi L. HPV16-transformed human keratinocytes depend on SIX1 expression for proliferation and HPV E6/E7 gene expression. Virology 2019; 537:20-30. [PMID: 31425971 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The homeodomain transcription factor SIX1 plays a critical role in embryogenesis, is not expressed in normal adult tissue, but is expressed in many malignancies, including cervical cancer. SIX1 drives the progression of HPV16-immortalized human keratinocytes (HKc/HPV16) toward malignancy: HKc/HPV16 express high levels of SIX1 mRNA and protein; overexpression of SIX1 in HKc/HPV16 produces pre-malignant, differentiation-resistant lines (HKc/DR); SIX1 overexpression in HKc/DR induces tumorigenicity. In this paper, we explore the consequences of inhibition of SIX1 expression in premalignant HKc/DR. Only partial inhibition of SIX1 expression could be obtained in HKc/DR by RNA interference. Decreased SIX1 expression (up to 80%) in HKc/DR resulted in slower proliferation, decreased HPV16-E6/E7 mRNA levels, and increased p53 protein levels. Gene expression changes induced in HKc/DR by anti-SIX1 shRNA were indicative of mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and changes in TGF-beta signaling. We conclude that HPV16-transformed cells depend on SIX1 for survival, HPV16 E6/E7 gene expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hosseinipour
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine at Columbia, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Fang Wan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine at Columbia, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Diego Altomare
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kim E Creek
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Lucia Pirisi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine at Columbia, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Chen K, Wei H, Pan J, Chen Z, Pan D, Gao T, Huang J, Huang M, Ou M, Zhong W. Six1 is negatively correlated with poor prognosis and reduces 5-fluorouracil sensitivity via attenuating the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 861:172599. [PMID: 31404537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The promoting roles of transcriptional factor six1 have been shown in various tumors, such as breast cancer and colorectal Cancer. However, its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell stemness and chemotherapeutic sensitivity are never been revealed. In the present study, we showed that six1 expression was negatively correlated the overall survival of HCC patients and significantly increased in HCC tissues. Analysis on normal hepatic cells and HCC cells obtained the consistent result. Functional experiments revealed that six1 knockdown enhanced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity and reduced the stemness of HCC cells. Additionally, six1 knockdown partially reversed 5-FU resistance and attenuated the stemness in 5-FU-resistant HCC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that six1 directly bound to sox2 (a stemness master regulator) promoter, enhanced its transcription and expression. Overexpression of sox2 rescued the inhibitory effects of six1 knockdown on the stemness and 5-FU sensitivity of HCC cells. Thus, our work identified a novel six1/sox2 axis in regulating the stemness of HCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kehe Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China.
| | - Haiming Wei
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Jinfei Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Zhenxiang Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Jingning Huang
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Mei Ou
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Wenhe Zhong
- Department of Chemotherapy Division II in Clinical Tumor Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
HOX Genes in High Grade Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081107. [PMID: 31382546 PMCID: PMC6721551 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HOX genes are highly conserved members of the homeobox superfamily that have a crucial role in determining cellular identity. High grade ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy. Our understanding of the role of HOX genes in the oncogenesis of ovarian cancer is evolving, and here we review their dysregulated expression patterns, their function in cell survival and invasion, their potential uses as biomarkers, and ways in which HOX genes are being targeted with new and existing drugs.
Collapse
|
96
|
Sun X, Song J, Zhang J, Zhan J, Fang W, Zhang H. Acetylated HOXB9 at lysine 27 is of differential diagnostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Med 2019; 14:91-100. [PMID: 31372881 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the ninth most common human malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in China. AcK27-HOXB9 is a newly identified HOXB9 post-transcriptional modification that can predict the outcome in lung adenocarcinoma and colon cancer well. However, the role of AcK27-HOXB9 in PDAC is unclear. The present study aims to investigate the differential diagnostic role of patients with AcK27-HOXB9 PDAC. Tissue microarrays consisting of 162 pancreatic tumor tissue samples from patients with PDAC and paired normal subjects were used to examine HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 levels and localizations by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot assay, respectively. HOXB9 was upregulated (P < 0.0001), and AcK27-HOXB9 (P =0.0023) was downregulated in patients with PDAC. HOXB9 promoted (P = 0.0115), while AcK27-HOXB9 (P = 0.0279) inhibited PDAC progression. AcK27-HOXB9 predicted favorable outcome in patients with PDAC (P = 0.0412). AcK27-HOXB9 also suppressed PDAC cell migration in a cell migration assay. The results of this study showed that HOXB9 promoted and AcK27-HOXB9 suppressed PDAC progression. The determination of ratio between HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 exhibited potential diagnostic value in patients with PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weigang Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Jiang Y, Han QJ, Zhang J. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms of progression and immunotherapy. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:3151-3167. [PMID: 31333308 PMCID: PMC6626719 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and various pathogenic factors can lead to its occurrence and development. Among all primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common. With extensive studies, an increasing number of molecular mechanisms that promote HCC are being discovered. Surgical resection is still the most effective treatment for patients with early HCC. However, early detection and treatment are difficult for most HCC patients, and the postoperative recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor clinical prognosis of HCC. Although immunotherapy takes longer than conventional chemotherapy to produce therapeutic effects, it persists for longer. In recent years, the emergence of many new immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, has given new hope for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Du J. Upregulation of sine oculis homeobox homolog 3 is associated with proliferation, invasion, migration, as well as poor prognosis of esophageal cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:596-603. [PMID: 30672777 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common cancer worldwide. Sine oculis homeobox homolog (SIX3) is a human transcription factor that regulates the progression of vertebrate eye and fetal forebrain. However, studies on the function of SIX3 in human tumorigenesis remain rare. In this study, we aim to evaluate the role and the significance of SIX3 in EC. The TCGA database and clinical samples were used to assess the expression of SIX3 in EC patients. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model were performed to analyze the correlations between SIX3 expression and EC clinical outcomes. The expressions of SIX3 in EC cells were measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis. The cell proliferation was detected using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assay. The migration and invasion capacity of EC cells were evaluated using wound healing and Transwell methods. Western blot assay was used to measure the alterations in some important protein expression levels in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. We found that SIX3 was highly expressed in the EC tissues and cells. In addition, high expression of SIX3 was related to poor survival. The knockdown of SIX3 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ECA109 cells. A similar pattern was also found in the proliferation and migration of SKGT-4 cell line. The expression levels of some key proteins in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were obviously decreased after cells were transfected with si-SIX3, possibly resulting in PI3K/AKT signaling inactivation. In addition, E-cadherin and N-cadherin showed some change. Collectively, the results shed light on a potentially promoting role of SIX3 in human EC. Thus, SIX3 might be considered a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for EC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Du
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Tang X, Yang Y, Song X, Liu X, Wang X, Huang F, Li Y, Chen F, Wan H. SIX4 acts as a master regulator of oncogenes that promotes tumorigenesis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:851-857. [PMID: 31266633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A number of homeobox genes are implicated in the malignancy of various cancers. Here, we investigated the role of the homeobox gene SIX4 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The sine oculis homeobox (SIX4) gene was found to be highly expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC tumor tissues as compared with matching normal counterparts. In this study, the SIX4 gene of two human NSCLC cell lines (A549 and PC9) was overexpressed or silenced using the lentiviral system. We evaluated the malignancy-associated phenotype of transfected cells, which demonstrated that exogenous expression of the SIX4 gene greatly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. The opposite was true in the SIX4-silenced cells. Transcriptomic profiling analysis revealed that the SIX4 gene modulated the expression of hundreds of downstream target genes in a cell context-dependent manner. Most notably, the SIX4 gene controls the expression of crucial genes with evidently oncogenic function. We conclude that SIX4 plays an oncogenic role and may be potentially utilized as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Tang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yingcheng Yang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xueqin Song
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yan Li
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Haisu Wan
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of SouthWest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Quentmeier H, Pommerenke C, Dirks WG, Eberth S, Koeppel M, MacLeod RAF, Nagel S, Steube K, Uphoff CC, Drexler HG. The LL-100 panel: 100 cell lines for blood cancer studies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8218. [PMID: 31160637 PMCID: PMC6547646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, immortalized cell lines have been used as model systems for cancer research. Cell line panels were established for basic research and drug development, but did not cover the full spectrum of leukemia and lymphoma. Therefore, we now developed a novel panel (LL-100), 100 cell lines covering 22 entities of human leukemia and lymphoma including T-cell, B-cell and myeloid malignancies. Importantly, all cell lines are unequivocally authenticated and assigned to the correct tissue. Cell line samples were proven to be free of mycoplasma and non-inherent virus contamination. Whole exome sequencing and RNA-sequencing of the 100 cell lines were conducted with a uniform methodology to complement existing data on these publicly available cell lines. We show that such comprehensive sequencing data can be used to find lymphoma-subtype-characteristic copy number aberrations, mRNA isoforms, transcription factor activities and expression patterns of NKL homeobox genes. These exemplary studies confirm that the novel LL-100 panel will be useful for understanding the function of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and to develop targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilmar Quentmeier
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Max Koeppel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderick A F MacLeod
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Nagel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Steube
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cord C Uphoff
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans G Drexler
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|