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Rifaioglu AS, Nalbat E, Atalay V, Martin MJ, Cetin-Atalay R, Doğan T. DEEPScreen: high performance drug-target interaction prediction with convolutional neural networks using 2-D structural compound representations. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2531-2557. [PMID: 33209251 PMCID: PMC7643205 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of physical interactions between drug candidate compounds and target biomolecules is an important process in drug discovery. Since conventional screening procedures are expensive and time consuming, computational approaches are employed to provide aid by automatically predicting novel drug-target interactions (DTIs). In this study, we propose a large-scale DTI prediction system, DEEPScreen, for early stage drug discovery, using deep convolutional neural networks. One of the main advantages of DEEPScreen is employing readily available 2-D structural representations of compounds at the input level instead of conventional descriptors that display limited performance. DEEPScreen learns complex features inherently from the 2-D representations, thus producing highly accurate predictions. The DEEPScreen system was trained for 704 target proteins (using curated bioactivity data) and finalized with rigorous hyper-parameter optimization tests. We compared the performance of DEEPScreen against the state-of-the-art on multiple benchmark datasets to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and verified selected novel predictions through molecular docking analysis and literature-based validation. Finally, JAK proteins that were predicted by DEEPScreen as new targets of a well-known drug cladribine were experimentally demonstrated in vitro on cancer cells through STAT3 phosphorylation, which is the downstream effector protein. The DEEPScreen system can be exploited in the fields of drug discovery and repurposing for in silico screening of the chemogenomic space, to provide novel DTIs which can be experimentally pursued. The source code, trained "ready-to-use" prediction models, all datasets and the results of this study are available at ; https://github.com/cansyl/DEEPscreen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Sureyya Rifaioglu
- Department of Computer Engineering , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey . ; Tel: +903122105576
- Department of Computer Engineering , İskenderun Technical University , Hatay , 31200 , Turkey
- KanSiL , Department of Health Informatics , Graduate School of Informatics , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey
| | - Esra Nalbat
- KanSiL , Department of Health Informatics , Graduate School of Informatics , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey
| | - Volkan Atalay
- Department of Computer Engineering , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey . ; Tel: +903122105576
- KanSiL , Department of Health Informatics , Graduate School of Informatics , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey
| | - Maria Jesus Martin
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory , European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) , Hinxton , Cambridge , CB10 1SD , UK
| | - Rengul Cetin-Atalay
- KanSiL , Department of Health Informatics , Graduate School of Informatics , METU , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , The University of Chicago , Chicago , IL 60637 , USA
| | - Tunca Doğan
- Department of Computer Engineering , Hacettepe University , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey . ; Tel: +903122977193/117
- Institute of Informatics , Hacettepe University , Ankara , 06800 , Turkey
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52
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An isothermal shift assay for proteome scale drug-target identification. Commun Biol 2020; 3:75. [PMID: 32060372 PMCID: PMC7021718 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most small molecule drugs act on living systems by physically interacting with specific proteins and modulating target function. Identification of drug binding targets, within the complex milieu of the human proteome, remains a challenging task of paramount importance in drug discovery. Existing approaches for target identification employ complex workflows with limited throughput. Here, we present the isothermal shift assay (iTSA), a mass spectrometry method for proteome-wide identification of drug targets within lysates or living cells. Compared with prevailing methods, iTSA uses a simplified experimental design with increased statistical power to detect thermal stability shifts that are induced by small molecule binding. Using a pan-kinase inhibitor, staurosporine, we demonstrate improved performance over commonly used thermal proteome profiling methods, identifying known targets in cell lysates and living cells. We also demonstrate the identification of both known targets and additional candidate targets for the kinase inhibitor harmine in cell and tissue lysates.
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53
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Pinzi L, Rastelli G. Identification of Target Associations for Polypharmacology from Analysis of Crystallographic Ligands of the Protein Data Bank. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 60:372-390. [PMID: 31800237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The design of a chemical entity that potently and selectively binds to a biological target of therapeutic relevance has dominated the scene of drug discovery so far. However, recent findings suggest that multitarget ligands may be endowed with superior efficacy and be less prone to drug resistance. The Protein Data Bank (PDB) provides experimentally validated structural information about targets and bound ligands. Therefore, it represents a valuable source of information to help identifying active sites, understanding pharmacophore requirements, designing novel ligands, and inferring structure-activity relationships. In this study, we performed a large-scale analysis of the PDB by integrating different ligand-based and structure-based approaches, with the aim of identifying promising target associations for polypharmacology based on reported crystal structure information. First, the 2D and 3D similarity profiles of the crystallographic ligands were evaluated using different ligand-based methods. Then, activity data of pairs of similar ligands binding to different targets were inspected by comparing structural information with bioactivity annotations reported in the ChEMBL, BindingDB, BindingMOAD, and PDBbind databases. Afterward, extensive docking screenings of ligands in the identified cross-targets were made in order to validate and refine the ligand-based results. Finally, the therapeutic relevance of the identified target combinations for polypharmacology was evaluated from comparison with information on therapeutic targets reported in the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The results led to the identification of several target associations with high therapeutic potential for polypharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pinzi
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Giuseppe Campi 103 , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Giuseppe Campi 103 , 41125 Modena , Italy
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Reinecke M, Heinzlmeir S, Wilhelm M, Médard G, Klaeger S, Kuster B. Kinobeads: A Chemical Proteomic Approach for Kinase Inhibitor Selectivity Profiling and Target Discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527818242.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G. Pharmacological plasticity-How do you hit a moving target? Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00532. [PMID: 31768257 PMCID: PMC6868654 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paul Ehrlich's concept of the magic bullet, by which a single drug induces pharmacological effects by interacting with a single receptor has been a strong driving force in pharmacology for a century. It is continually thwarted, though, by the fact that the treated organism is highly dynamic and the target molecule(s) is (are) never static. In this article, we address some of the factors that modify and cause the mobility and plasticity of drug targets and their interactions with ligands and discuss how these can lead to unexpected (lack of) effects of drugs. These factors include genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic variability, cellular plasticity, chronobiological rhythms, time, age and disease resolution, sex, drug metabolism, and distribution. We emphasize four existing approaches that can be taken, either singly or in combination, to try to minimize effects of pharmacological plasticity. These are firstly, to enhance specificity using target conditions close to those in diseases, secondly, by simultaneously or thirdly, sequentially aiming at multiple targets, and fourthly, in synchronization with concurrent dietary, psychological, training, and biorhythm-synchronizing procedures to optimize drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology IMEBranch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMPFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology IMEBranch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMPFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyJ.W. Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
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Zhong Y, Xu H, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Zeng T, Li L, Xu G, Li M, Liu J, Yang T. Identification and characterization of the Cucurbitacins, a novel class of small-molecule inhibitors of Tropomyosin receptor kinase a. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:295. [PMID: 31694615 PMCID: PMC6836411 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background NGF-TrkA is well known to play a key role in propagating and sustaining pruritogenic signals, which form the pathology of chronic pruritus. Inhibition of NGF-TrkA is a known strategy for the treatment of pruritus. In the present paper, we describe the identification, in vitro characterization, structure–activity analysis, and inhibitory evaluation of a novel TrkA inhibitory scaffold exemplified by Cucurbitacins (Cus). Methods Cus were identified as TrkA inhibitors in a large-scale kinase library screen. To obtain structural models of Cus as TrkA inhibitors, AutoDock was used to explore their binding to TrkA. Furthermore, PC12 cell culture systems have been used to study the effects of Cus and traditional Chinese medicinal plants (Tian Gua Di and bitter gourd leaf) extracts on the kinase activity of TrkA. Results Cus block the phosphorylation of TrkA on several tyrosine sites, including Tyr490, Tyr674/675, and Tyr785, and inhibit downstream Akt and MAPK phosphorylation in response to NGF in PC12 cell model systems. Furthermore, traditional Chinese medicinal plants (Tian Gua Di and bitter gourd leaf) containing Cu extracts were shown to inhibit the phosphorylation of TrkA and Akt. These data reveal mechanisms, at least partly, of the anti-pruritus bioactivity of Cus. Conclusion Taken together, with the recent discovery of the important role of TrkA as a therapeutic target, Cus could be the basis for the design of improved TrkA kinase inhibitors, which could someday help treat pruritus.
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Chemogenomic Analysis of the Druggable Kinome and Its Application to Repositioning and Lead Identification Studies. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1608-1622.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Eberl HC, Werner T, Reinhard FB, Lehmann S, Thomson D, Chen P, Zhang C, Rau C, Muelbaier M, Drewes G, Drewry D, Bantscheff M. Chemical proteomics reveals target selectivity of clinical Jak inhibitors in human primary cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14159. [PMID: 31578349 PMCID: PMC6775116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinobeads are a set of promiscuous kinase inhibitors immobilized on sepharose beads for the comprehensive enrichment of endogenously expressed protein kinases from cell lines and tissues. These beads enable chemoproteomics profiling of kinase inhibitors of interest in dose-dependent competition studies in combination with quantitative mass spectrometry. We present improved bead matrices that capture more than 350 protein kinases and 15 lipid kinases from human cell lysates, respectively. A multiplexing strategy is suggested that enables determination of apparent dissociation constants in a single mass spectrometry experiment. Miniaturization of the procedure enabled determining the target selectivity of the clinical BCR-ABL inhibitor dasatinib in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates from individual donors. Profiling of a set of Jak kinase inhibitors revealed kinase off-targets from nearly all kinase families underpinning the need to profile kinase inhibitors against the kinome. Potently bound off-targets of clinical inhibitors suggest polypharmacology, e.g. through MRCK alpha and beta, which bind to decernotinib with nanomolar affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Christian Eberl
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thilo Werner
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedrich B Reinhard
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Lehmann
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Douglas Thomson
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peiling Chen
- GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Merion, 709 Swedeland Rd #1539, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, United States
| | - Cunyu Zhang
- GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Merion, 709 Swedeland Rd #1539, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, United States
| | - Christina Rau
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Muelbaier
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Drewry
- GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, 5 Moore Drive, North Carolina, 27709, United States.,UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Marcus Bantscheff
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Sawada JI, Ishii H, Matsuno K, Sato M, Suzuki Y, Asai A. Selective Inhibition of Spindle Microtubules by a Tubulin-Binding Quinazoline Derivative. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:609-618. [PMID: 31471455 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.116624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the research field of tubulin-binding agents for the development of anticancer agents, hidden targets are emerging as a problem in understanding the exact mechanisms of actions. The quinazoline derivative 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(quinazolin-4-yl)ethan-1-ol (PVHD121) has anti-cell proliferative activity and inhibits tubulin polymerization by binding to the colchicine site of tubulin. However, the molecular mechanism of action of PVHD121 in cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PVHD121 delays mitotic entry and efficiently causes mitotic arrest with spindle checkpoint activation, leading to subsequent cell death. The dominant phenotype induced by PVHD121 was aberrant spindles with robust microtubules and unseparated centrosomes. The microtubules were radially distributed, and their ends appeared to adhere to kinetochores, and not to centrosomes. Extensive inhibition by high concentrations of PVHD121 eliminated all microtubules from cells. PVHD277 [1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-morpholinoquinazolin-4-yl)ethan-1-ol], a PVHD121 derivative with fluorescence, tended to localize close to the centrosomes when cells prepared to enter mitosis. Our results show that PVHD121 is an antimitotic agent that selectively disturbs microtubule formation at centrosomes during mitosis. This antimitotic activity can be attributed to the targeting of centrosome maturation in addition to the interference with microtubule dynamics. Due to its unique bioactivity, PVHD121 is a potential tool for studying the molecular biology of mitosis and a potential lead compound for the development of anticancer agents. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Many tubulin-binding agents have been developed as potential anticancer agents. The aim of this study was to understand the subcellular molecular actions of a quinazoline derivative tubulin-binding agent, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(quinazolin-4-yl)ethan-1-ol (PVHD121). As expected from its binding activity to tubulin, PVHD121 caused aberrant spindles and inhibited mitotic progression. However, in addition to tubulin, PVHD121 also targeted an unexpected biomolecule involved in centrosome maturation. Due to targeting the biomolecule just before entering mitosis, PVHD121 preferentially inhibited centrosome-derived microtubules rather than chromosome-derived microtubules during spindle formation. This study not only revealed the molecular action of PVHD121 in cells but also emphasized the importance of considering possible tubulin-independent effects of tubulin-binding agents via hidden targeted biomolecules for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Sawada
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Ishii
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuno
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Suzuki
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.-i.S., H.I., K.M., A.A.) and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.S., Y.S.), University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Thomas R, Weihua Z. Rethink of EGFR in Cancer With Its Kinase Independent Function on Board. Front Oncol 2019; 9:800. [PMID: 31508364 PMCID: PMC6716122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of most potent oncogenes that are commonly altered in cancers. As a receptor tyrosine kinase, EGFR's kinase activity has been serving as the primary target for developing cancer therapeutics, namely the EGFR inhibitors including small molecules targeting its ATP binding pocket and monoclonal antibodies targeting its ligand binding domains. EGFR inhibitors have produced impressive therapeutic benefits to responsive types of cancers. However, acquired and innate resistances have precluded current anti-EGFR agents from offering sustainable benefits to initially responsive cancers and benefits to EGFR-positive cancers that are innately resistant. Recent years have witnessed a realization that EGFR possesses kinase-independent (KID) pro-survival functions in cancer cells. This new knowledge has offered a different angle of understanding of EGFR in cancer and opened a new avenue of targeting EGFR for cancer therapy. There are already many excellent reviews on the role of EGFR with a focus on its kinase-dependent functions and mechanisms of resistance to EGFR targeted therapies. The present opinion aims to initiate a fresh discussion about the function of EGFR in cancer cells by laying out some unanswered questions pertaining to EGFR in cancer cells, by rethinking the unmet therapeutic challenges from a view of EGFR's KID function, and by proposing novel approaches to target the KID functions of EGFR for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintu Thomas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhang Weihua
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Abstract
Knowledge of how the joint functions as an integrated unit in health and disease requires an understanding of the stromal cells populating the joint mesenchyme, including fibroblasts, tissue-resident macrophages and endothelial cells. Knowledge of the physiological and pathological mechanisms that involve joint mesenchymal stromal cells has begun to cast new light on why joint inflammation persists. The shared embryological origins of fibroblasts and endothelial cells might shape the behaviour of these cell types in diseased adult tissues. Cells of mesenchymal origin sustain inflammation in the synovial membrane and tendons by various mechanisms, and the important contribution of newly discovered fibroblast subtypes and their associated crosstalk with endothelial cells, tissue-resident macrophages and leukocytes is beginning to emerge. Knowledge of these mechanisms should help to shape the future therapeutic landscape and emphasizes the requirement for new strategies to address the pathogenic stroma and associated crosstalk between leukocytes and cells of mesenchymal origin.
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Rozpędek W, Pytel D, Nowak-Zduńczyk A, Lewko D, Wojtczak R, Diehl JA, Majsterek I. Breaking the DNA Damage Response via Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitors to Improve Cancer Treatment. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1425-1445. [PMID: 29345572 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180117102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple, both endogenous and exogenous, sources may induce DNA damage and DNA replication stress. Cells have developed DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathways to maintain genomic stability and effectively detect and repair DNA lesions. Serine/ threonine kinases such as Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and Ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-Related (ATR) are the major regulators of DDR, since after sensing stalled DNA replication forks, DNA double- or single-strand breaks, may directly phosphorylate and activate their downstream targets, that play a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, key components of DDR signaling networks may constitute an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy through two distinct potential approaches: as chemoand radiosensitizers to enhance the effectiveness of currently used genotoxic treatment or as single agents to exploit defects in DDR in cancer cells via synthetic lethal approach. Moreover, the newest data reported that serine/threonine protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) is also closely associated with cancer development and progression. Thereby, utilization of small-molecule, serine/threonine kinase inhibitors may provide a novel, groundbreaking, anti-cancer treatment strategy. Currently, a range of potent, highlyselective toward ATM, ATR and PERK inhibitors has been discovered, but after foregoing study, additional investigations are necessary for their future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Rozpędek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Military-Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Pytel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States
| | - Alicja Nowak-Zduńczyk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Military-Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dawid Lewko
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Military-Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Wojtczak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Military-Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Military-Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Bailey JJ, Kaiser L, Lindner S, Wüst M, Thiel A, Soucy JP, Rosa-Neto P, Scott PJH, Unterrainer M, Kaplan DR, Wängler C, Wängler B, Bartenstein P, Bernard-Gauthier V, Schirrmacher R. First-in-Human Brain Imaging of [ 18F]TRACK, a PET tracer for Tropomyosin Receptor Kinases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2697-2702. [PMID: 31017386 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkA/B/C family is responsible for human neuronal growth, survival, and differentiation from early nervous system development stages onward. Downregulation of TrkA/B/C receptors characterizes numerous neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abnormally expressed Trk receptors or chimeric Trk fusion proteins are also well-characterized oncogenic drivers in a variety of neurogenic and non-neurogenic human neoplasms and are currently the focus of intensive clinical research. Previously, we have described the clinical translation of a highly selective and potent carbon-11-labeled pan-Trk radioligand and the preclinical characterization of the optimized fluorine-18-labeled analogue, [18F]TRACK, for in vivo Trk positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. We describe herein central nervous system selectivity assessment and first-in-human study of [18F]TRACK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Bailey
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Lena Kaiser
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Melinda Wüst
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Alexander Thiel
- McConnel Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Quebec HT3 1E2, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Soucy
- McConnel Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Peter J. H. Scott
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - David R. Kaplan
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
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Thomas R, Srivastava S, Katreddy RR, Sobieski J, Weihua Z. Kinase-Inactivated EGFR Is Required for the Survival of Wild-Type EGFR-Expressing Cancer Cells Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102515. [PMID: 31121829 PMCID: PMC6566606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is often ineffective in treating cancers harboring wild-type EGFR (wt-EGFR). TKIs are known to cause dimerization of EGFR without altering its expression level. Given the fact that EGFR possesses kinase-independent pro-survival function, the role of TKI-inactivated EGFR in cancer cell survival needs to be addressed. In this study, using wt-EGFR-expressing cancer cells A549 (lung), DU145 (prostate), PC3 (prostate), and MDA-MB-231 (breast), we characterized the TKI-induced dimerization status of EGFR and determined the dependency of cells on kinase-inactivated EGFR for survival. We report that TKI-induced EGFR dimerization is dependent on palmitoylation and independent of its kinase activity, and that mutations of the cysteine residues known to be critical for EGFR’s palmitoylation abolished TKI-induced EGFR dimerization. Furthermore, TKI-induced EGFR dimerization is persistent in TKI-resistant cells, and inhibition of palmitoylation by 2-bromopalmitate, or targeted reduction of the kinase-inactivated EGFR by siRNA or by an EGFR-downregulating peptide, are lethal to TKI-resistant cancer cells. This study suggests that kinase-inactivated EGFR remains to be a viable therapeutic target for wt-EGFR cancers and that inhibiting palmitoylation or downregulating EGFR may overcome TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintu Thomas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5036, USA.
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5036, USA.
| | - Rajasekhara Reddy Katreddy
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5036, USA.
| | - Jason Sobieski
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5036, USA.
| | - Zhang Weihua
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5036, USA.
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65
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Tian X, Gu T, Patel S, Bode AM, Lee MH, Dong Z. CRISPR/Cas9 - An evolving biological tool kit for cancer biology and oncology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2019; 3:8. [PMID: 30911676 PMCID: PMC6423228 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-019-0080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of genetic engineering in the 1970s marked a new frontier in genome-editing technology. Gene-editing technologies have provided a plethora of benefits to the life sciences. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/ Cas9) system is a versatile technology that provides the ability to add or remove DNA in the genome in a sequence-specific manner. Serious efforts are underway to improve the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 targeting and thus reduce off-target effects. Currently, various applications of CRISPR/Cas9 are used in cancer biology and oncology to perform robust site-specific gene editing, thereby becoming more useful for biological and clinical applications. Many variants and applications of CRISPR/Cas9 are being rapidly developed. Experimental approaches that are based on CRISPR technology have created a very promising tool that is inexpensive and simple for developing effective cancer therapeutics. This review discusses diverse applications of CRISPR-based gene-editing tools in oncology and potential future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Tian
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, 450008 Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Tingxuan Gu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, 450008 Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Satyananda Patel
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, 450008 Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, 55912 USA
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, 450008 Zhengzhou, Henan China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, 450008 Zhengzhou, Henan China
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, 55912 USA
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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66
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Rao S, Du G, Hafner M, Subramanian K, Sorger PK, Gray NS. A multitargeted probe-based strategy to identify signaling vulnerabilities in cancers. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8664-8673. [PMID: 30858179 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer cells are dependent on a network of deregulated signaling pathways for survival and are insensitive, or rapidly evolve resistance, to selective inhibitors aimed at a single target. For these reasons, drugs that target more than one protein (polypharmacology) can be clinically advantageous. The discovery of useful polypharmacology remains serendipitous and is challenging to characterize and validate. In this study, we developed a non-genetic strategy for the identification of pathways that drive cancer cell proliferation and represent exploitable signaling vulnerabilities. Our approach is based on using a multitargeted kinase inhibitor, SM1-71, as a tool compound to identify combinations of targets whose simultaneous inhibition elicits a potent cytotoxic effect. As a proof of concept, we applied this approach to a KRAS-dependent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, H23-KRASG12C Using a combination of phenotypic screens, signaling analyses, and kinase inhibitors, we found that dual inhibition of MEK1/2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)/insulin receptor (INSR) is critical for blocking proliferation in cells. Our work supports the value of multitargeted tool compounds with well-validated polypharmacology and target space as tools to discover kinase dependences in cancer. We propose that the strategy described here is complementary to existing genetics-based approaches, generalizable to other systems, and enabling for future mechanistic and translational studies of polypharmacology in the context of signaling vulnerabilities in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Rao
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Guangyan Du
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Marc Hafner
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | | | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
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Asquith CRM, Berger BT, Wan J, Bennett JM, Capuzzi SJ, Crona DJ, Drewry DH, East MP, Elkins JM, Fedorov O, Godoi PH, Hunter DM, Knapp S, Müller S, Torrice CD, Wells CI, Earp HS, Willson TM, Zuercher WJ. SGC-GAK-1: A Chemical Probe for Cyclin G Associated Kinase (GAK). J Med Chem 2019; 62:2830-2836. [PMID: 30768268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe SGC-GAK-1 (11), a potent, selective, and cell-active inhibitor of cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), together with a structurally related negative control SGC-GAK-1N (14). 11 was highly selective in an in vitro kinome-wide screen, but cellular engagement assays defined RIPK2 as a collateral target. We identified 18 as a potent RIPK2 inhibitor lacking GAK activity. Together, this chemical probe set can be used to interrogate GAK cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | | | - James M Bennett
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan M Elkins
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K.,Structural Genomics Consortium , Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-886 , Brazil
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Paulo H Godoi
- Structural Genomics Consortium , Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-886 , Brazil
| | | | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
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Margue C, Philippidou D, Kozar I, Cesi G, Felten P, Kulms D, Letellier E, Haan C, Kreis S. Kinase inhibitor library screening identifies synergistic drug combinations effective in sensitive and resistant melanoma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:56. [PMID: 30728057 PMCID: PMC6364417 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer with increasing case numbers worldwide. The development of inhibitors targeting mutated BRAF (found in around 60% of melanoma patients) has markedly improved overall survival of patients with late-stage tumors, even more so when combined with MEK inhibitors targeting the same signaling pathway. However, invariably patients become resistant to this targeted therapy resulting in rapid progression with treatment-refractory disease. The purpose of this study was the identification of new kinase inhibitors that do not lead to the development of resistance in combination with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), or that could be of clinical benefit as a 2nd line treatment for late-stage melanoma patients that have already developed resistance. Methods We have screened a 274-compound kinase inhibitor library in 3 BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines (each one sensitive or made resistant to 2 distinct BRAFi). The screening results were validated by dose-response studies and confirmed the killing efficacies of many kinase inhibitors. Two different tools were applied to investigate and quantify potential synergistic effects of drug combinations: the Chou-Talalay method and the Synergyfinder application. In order to exclude that resistance to the new treatments might occur at later time points, synergistic combinations were administered to fluorescently labelled parental and resistant cells over a period of > 10 weeks. Results Eight inhibitors targeting Wee1, Checkpoint kinase 1/2, Aurora kinase, MEK, Polo-like kinase, PI3K and Focal adhesion kinase killed melanoma cells synergistically when combined with a BRAFi. Additionally, combination of a Wee1 and Chk inhibitor showed synergistic killing effects not only on sensitive cell lines, but also on intrinsically BRAFi- and treatment induced-resistant melanoma cells. First in vivo studies confirmed these observations. Interestingly, continuous treatment with several of these drugs, alone or in combination, did not lead to emergence of resistance. Conclusions Here, we have identified new, previously unexplored (in the framework of BRAFi resistance) inhibitors that have an effect not only on sensitive but also on BRAFi-resistant cells. These promising combinations together with the new immunotherapies could be an important step towards improved 1st and 2nd line treatments for late-stage melanoma patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1038-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Margue
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Demetra Philippidou
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Ines Kozar
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Giulia Cesi
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Felten
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Dagmar Kulms
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Claude Haan
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Stephanie Kreis
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6, av. du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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Escobar SJDM, Fong GM, Winnischofer SMB, Simone M, Munoz L, Dennis JM, Rocha MEM, Witting PK. Anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activities of the flavonoid isoliquiritigenin in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 299:77-87. [PMID: 30502331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a common childhood cancer with high mortality. We evaluated the capacity of the flavonoid, isoliquiritigenin (4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone; ISL) to inhibit cellular proliferation and migration in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Incubation of cultured SH-SY5Y cells with 20-100 μM ISL decreased cell confluency (15-70%) after 24 h incubation, while 10-100 μM ISL (24 h) depleted intracellular ATP stores (15-90% vs vehicle-treated control) after 24 h incubation. ISL-mediated cell toxicity did not involve intracellular caspase 3/7 activation, externalization of phosphatidylserine on the cell membrane or stimulation of TNF and IL-1β release, all indicating that the flavonoid did not induce apoptosis. Pre-treatment of cells with necrostatin-1, a necroptosis inhibitor, significantly restored ATP levels (ATP levels increased 12-42%) in ISL-treated neuroblastoma cells indicative of enhanced viability. By contrast, RIP1 phosphorylation status remained unchanged in cells treated with ISL although the intracellular ratio of phosphorylated/total parental RIP1 increased after ISL treatment on SH-SY5Y cells indicating that ISL decreased levels of native RIP1. In addition, ISL treatment inhibited SH-SY5Y cell migration/proliferation in a scratch assay and arrested cell cycle transition by significantly decreasing the number of cells in G0/G1 phase and increasing populations by ~10% in S (primarily) and G2/M (lesser extent) phases. The intracellular ratio of phosphorylated/total ERK 1/2 and p38 remained unchanged after ISL treatment (up to 40 μM); ERK activation was only determined at ISL dose well above the experimental IC50 value as judged by ELISA analyses and this did not correlate with ISL cytotoxicity at lower dose <40 μM; Western blot assay confirmed the detection of phosphorylated (p-)ERK1/2 and (p-)p38 in ISL treated cells. Together the results suggest that ISL exerts anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity on SHSY5Y cells through the loss of ATP, induction of cell cycle arrest, and cell death largely via a necroptotic mechanism in the absence of apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane J de M Escobar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Redox Biology, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Genevieve M Fong
- Redox Biology, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sheila M B Winnischofer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Martin Simone
- Redox Biology, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Lenka Munoz
- Neuropharmacology Groups, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Joanne M Dennis
- Redox Biology, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Maria Eliane M Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paul K Witting
- Redox Biology, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Zambrano JN, Williams CJ, Williams CB, Hedgepeth L, Burger P, Dilday T, Eblen ST, Armeson K, Hill EG, Yeh ES. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of hormonally up-regulated neu-associated kinase. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35962-35973. [PMID: 30542510 PMCID: PMC6267597 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
HUNK is a protein kinase that is implicated in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer progression and resistance to HER2 inhibitors. Though prior studies suggest there is therapeutic potential for targeting HUNK in HER2+ breast cancer, pharmacological agents that target HUNK are yet to be identified. A recent study showed that the broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor staurosporine binds to the HUNK catalytic domain, but the effect of staurosporine on HUNK enzymatic activity was not tested. We now show that staurosporine inhibits the kinase activity of a full length HUNK protein. Our findings further suggest that inhibiting HUNK with staurosporine has a strong effect on suppressing cell viability of HER2/neu mammary and breast cancer cells, which express high levels of HUNK protein and are dependent on HUNK for survival. Significantly, we use in vitro and in vivo methods to show that staurosporine synergizes with the HER2 inhibitor lapatinib to restore sensitivity toward HER2 inhibition in a HER2 inhibitor resistant breast cancer model. Collectively, these studies indicate that pharmacological inhibition of HUNK kinase activity has therapeutic potential for HER2+ breast cancers, including HER2+ breast cancers that have developed drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle N Zambrano
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Christina J Williams
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carly Bess Williams
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Lonzie Hedgepeth
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Pieter Burger
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tinslee Dilday
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Scott T Eblen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kent Armeson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Hill
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Yeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Pinto N, Prokopec SD, Vizeacoumar F, Searle K, Lowerison M, Ruicci KM, Yoo J, Fung K, MacNeil D, Lacefield JC, Leong HS, Mymryk JS, Barrett JW, Datti A, Boutros PC, Nichols AC. Lestaurtinib is a potent inhibitor of anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line models. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207152. [PMID: 30419054 PMCID: PMC6231667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and lethal human malignancy with no known effective therapies in the majority of cases. Despite the use of conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation and surgical resection, this disease remains almost universally fatal. In the present study, we identified the JAK2 inhibitor Lestaurtinib as a potent compound when testing against 13 ATC cell lines. Lestaurtinib demonstrated a potent antiproliferative effect in vitro at nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, Lestaurtinib impeded cell migration and the ability to form colonies from single cells using scratch-wound and colony formation assays, respectively. Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis following drug treatment and demonstrated arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, indicative of a cytostatic effect. In vivo studies using the chick chorioallantoic membrane xenograft models demonstrated that treatment with Lestaurtinib resulted in a significant decrease in endpoint tumor volume and vascularity using power Doppler ultrasound imaging. Overall, this study provides evidence that Lestaurtinib is a potent antiproliferative agent with potential antiangiogenic activity that warrants further investigation as a targeted therapy for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pinto
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Lowerison
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kara M. Ruicci
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Fung
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle MacNeil
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jim C. Lacefield
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hon S. Leong
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Joe S. Mymryk
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John W. Barrett
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alessandro Datti
- Network Biology Collaborative Centre, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony C. Nichols
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wood RA, Barbour MJ, Gould GW, Cunningham MR, Plevin RJ. Conflicting evidence for the role of JNK as a target in breast cancer cell proliferation: Comparisons between pharmacological inhibition and selective shRNA knockdown approaches. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6. [PMID: 29417765 PMCID: PMC5817830 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a target, the JNK pathway has been implicated in roles including cell death, proliferation, and inflammation in variety of contexts which span cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, and cancer. JNK1 and JNK2 have recently been demonstrated to function independently, highlighting a new parameter in the study of the JNK pathway. In order for JNK1 and JNK2-specific roles to be defined, better tools need to be employed. Previous studies have relied upon the broad spectrum JNK inhibitor, SP600125, to characterize the role of JNK signaling in a number of cell lines, including the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. In line with previous literature, our study has demonstrated that SP600125 treatment inhibited c-Jun and JNK phosphorylation and MCF-7 proliferation. However, in addition to targeting JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3, SP600125 has been previously demonstrated to suppress the activity of a number of other serine/threonine kinases, making SP600125 an inadequate tool for JNK isoform-specific roles to be determined. In this study, lentiviral shRNA was employed to selectively knockdown JNK1, JNK2, and JNK1/2 in MCF-7 cells. Using this approach, JNK phosphorylation was fully inhibited following stable knockdown of respective JNK isoforms. Interestingly, despite suppression of JNK phosphorylation, MCF-7 cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, or cell death remained unaffected. These findings raise the question of whether JNK phosphorylation really is pivotal in MCF-7 cell growth and death or if suppression of these events is a result of one of the many off-targets cited for SP600125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Wood
- Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark J Barbour
- Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gwyn W Gould
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret R Cunningham
- Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robin J Plevin
- Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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74
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Jorda R, Hendrychová D, Voller J, Řezníčková E, Gucký T, Kryštof V. How Selective Are Pharmacological Inhibitors of Cell-Cycle-Regulating Cyclin-Dependent Kinases? J Med Chem 2018; 61:9105-9120. [PMID: 30234987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are an important and emerging class of drug targets for which many small-molecule inhibitors have been developed. However, there is often insufficient data available on the selectivity of CDK inhibitors (CDKi) to attribute the effects on the presumed target CDK to these inhibitors. Here, we highlight discrepancies between the kinase selectivity of CDKi and the phenotype exhibited; we evaluated 31 CDKi (claimed to target CDK1-4) for activity toward CDKs 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 and for effects on the cell cycle. Our results suggest that most CDKi should be reclassified as pan-selective and should not be used as a tool. In addition, some compounds did not even inhibit CDKs as their primary cellular targets; for example, NU6140 showed potent inhibition of Aurora kinases. We also established an online database of commercially available CDKi for critical evaluation of their utility as molecular probes. Our results should help researchers select the most relevant chemical tools for their specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Jorda
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Hendrychová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Voller
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Gucký
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
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75
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Kimberland ML, Hou W, Alfonso-Pecchio A, Wilson S, Rao Y, Zhang S, Lu Q. Strategies for controlling CRISPR/Cas9 off-target effects and biological variations in mammalian genome editing experiments. J Biotechnol 2018; 284:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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76
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Pollet M, Krutmann J, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Commentary: Usage of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Small Molecule Inhibitors: More Than Just Inhibition! Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:935. [PMID: 30177882 PMCID: PMC6110190 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Pollet
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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77
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Abstract
Mitosis is controlled by reversible protein phosphorylation involving specific kinases and phosphatases. A handful of major mitotic protein kinases, such as the cyclin B-CDK1 complex, the Aurora kinases, and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), cooperatively regulate distinct mitotic processes. Research has identified proteins and mechanisms that integrate these kinases into signaling cascades that guide essential mitotic events. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the mechanisms of mitotic regulation and may advance the development of novel antimitotic drugs. We review collected evidence that in vertebrates, the Aurora kinases serve as catalytic subunits of distinct complexes formed with the four scaffold proteins Bora, CEP192, INCENP, and TPX2, which we deem "core" Aurora cofactors. These complexes and the Aurora-PLK1 cascades organized by Bora, CEP192, and INCENP control crucial aspects of mitosis and all pathways of spindle assembly. We compare the mechanisms of Aurora activation in relation to the different spindle assembly pathways and draw a functional analogy between the CEP192 complex and the chromosomal passenger complex that may reflect the coevolution of centrosomes, kinetochores, and the actomyosin cleavage apparatus. We also analyze the roles and mechanisms of Aurora-PLK1 signaling in the cell and centrosome cycles and in the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Joukov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation.
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78
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Hoque M, Abbassi RH, Froio D, Man J, Johns TG, Stringer BW, Day BW, Pajic M, Kassiou M, Munoz L. Changes in cell morphology guide identification of tubulin as the off-target for protein kinase inhibitors. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:166-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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79
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Kweon J, Kim DE, Jang AH, Kim Y. CRISPR/Cas-based customization of pooled CRISPR libraries. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199473. [PMID: 29924860 PMCID: PMC6010251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pooled CRISPR libraries are widely used in high-throughput screening to study various biological processes. Various pooled CRISPR libraries have been shared for CRISPR screens and useful tools have been developed to construct researcher’s own libraries, however, many researchers are struggling to create their own pooled CRISPR libraries: it is a time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive process. In this study, we develop a simple method to customize conventional pooled CRISPR libraries using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We show that conventional pooled CRISPR libraries can be modified by eliminating gRNAs that target positive genes, enabling the identification of unknown target genes in CRISPR screening. CRISPR/Cas9 system can be applied as a precise tool for customizing conventional pooled CRISPR libraries and will broaden the scope of high-throughput screening technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kweon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-eun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - An-Hee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsub Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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80
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Pogodin PV, Lagunin AA, Rudik AV, Filimonov DA, Druzhilovskiy DS, Nicklaus MC, Poroikov VV. How to Achieve Better Results Using PASS-Based Virtual Screening: Case Study for Kinase Inhibitors. Front Chem 2018; 6:133. [PMID: 29755970 PMCID: PMC5935003 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of new pharmaceutical substances is currently boosted by the possibility of utilization of the Synthetically Accessible Virtual Inventory (SAVI) library, which includes about 283 million molecules, each annotated with a proposed synthetic one-step route from commercially available starting materials. The SAVI database is well-suited for ligand-based methods of virtual screening to select molecules for experimental testing. In this study, we compare the performance of three approaches for the analysis of structure-activity relationships that differ in their criteria for selecting of "active" and "inactive" compounds included in the training sets. PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances), which is based on a modified Naïve Bayes algorithm, was applied since it had been shown to be robust and to provide good predictions of many biological activities based on just the structural formula of a compound even if the information in the training set is incomplete. We used different subsets of kinase inhibitors for this case study because many data are currently available on this important class of drug-like molecules. Based on the subsets of kinase inhibitors extracted from the ChEMBL 20 database we performed the PASS training, and then applied the model to ChEMBL 23 compounds not yet present in ChEMBL 20 to identify novel kinase inhibitors. As one may expect, the best prediction accuracy was obtained if only the experimentally confirmed active and inactive compounds for distinct kinases in the training procedure were used. However, for some kinases, reasonable results were obtained even if we used merged training sets, in which we designated as inactives the compounds not tested against the particular kinase. Thus, depending on the availability of data for a particular biological activity, one may choose the first or the second approach for creating ligand-based computational tools to achieve the best possible results in virtual screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V. Pogodin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Lagunin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Bioinformatics, Medical-Biological Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia V. Rudik
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Filimonov
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mark C. Nicklaus
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Group, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
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81
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Ning C, Wang HMD, Gao R, Chang YC, Hu F, Meng X, Huang SY. Marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors for neuroinflammatory diseases. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:46. [PMID: 29690896 PMCID: PMC5916827 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is primarily characterized by overexpression of proinflammatory mediators produced by glial activation or immune cell infiltration. Several kinases have been shown to be critical mediators in neuroinflammation. One of the largest groups of kinases is protein kinases, which have been the second most studied group of drug targets after G-protein-coupled receptors. Thus far, most of the approved kinase inhibitor drugs are adenosine triphosphate-competitive inhibitors with various off-target liabilities because of cross-reactivities; however, marine-derived compounds provide opportunities for discovering allosteric kinase inhibitors. This review summarizes the potential of marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors in the field of neuroinflammatory diseases, such as Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, and pain. The previous studies from 1990 to 2017 in this review have shown that marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors have great potential to elicit anti-neuroinflammatory or neuroprotective responses in in vitro and in vivo models of neuroinflammatory diseases. This suggests that further exploration and investigation of these marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors on neuroinflammatory diseases are warranted. Therefore, this review may inspire further discovery of new protein kinase inhibitors from a marine origin and additional neuroscience studies focusing on these valuable marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ning
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.,College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, 314006, China.,Jiaxing Deqin Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zhejiang, 314006, China
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Greenhouse Systems Technology Center, Central Region Campus, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Nantou, 540, Taiwan
| | - Fengqing Hu
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China. .,Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou, 362000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University) Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
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82
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Martins MP, Gomes EV, Sanches PR, Pedersoli WR, Martinez-Rossi NM, Rossi A. mus-52 disruption and metabolic regulation in Neurospora crassa: Transcriptional responses to extracellular phosphate availability. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195871. [PMID: 29668735 PMCID: PMC5905970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the understanding of molecular systems depend on specific tools like the disruption of genes to produce strains with the desired characteristics. The disruption of any mutagen sensitive (mus) genes in the model fungus Neurospora crassa, i.e. mus-51, mus-52, or mus-53, orthologous to the human genes KU70, KU80, and LIG4, respectively, provides efficient tools for gene targeting. Accordingly, we used RNA-sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification techniques to evaluate the effects of mus-52 deletion in N. crassa gene transcriptional modulation, and thus, infer its influence regarding metabolic response to extracellular availability of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Notably, the absence of MUS-52 affected the transcription of a vast number of genes, highlighting the expression of those coding for transcription factors, kinases, circadian clocks, oxi-reduction balance, and membrane- and nucleolus-related proteins. These findings may provide insights toward the KU molecular mechanisms, which have been related to telomere maintenance, apoptosis, DNA replication, and gene transcription regulation, as well as associated human conditions including immune system disorders, cancer, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra P. Martins
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eriston V. Gomes
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo R. Sanches
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellington R. Pedersoli
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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83
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Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathways have been successfully targeted to inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis for cancer therapy. However, kinase deregulation has been firmly demonstrated to play an essential role in virtually all major disease areas. Kinase inhibitor drug discovery programmes have recently broadened their focus to include an expanded range of kinase targets and therapeutic areas. In this Review, we provide an overview of the novel targets, biological processes and disease areas that kinase-targeting small molecules are being developed against, highlight the associated challenges and assess the strategies and technologies that are enabling efficient generation of highly optimized kinase inhibitors.
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84
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Determination of protein kinase A activity and inhibition by using hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:225. [PMID: 29594552 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe a fluorometric method for the determination of the activity and inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA). In the presence of ATP, PKA catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP to a peptide, and the generated phosphorylated peptide quenches the fluorescence (measured at excitation/emission peaks of 340/440 nm) of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP-NPs). A linear logarithmic relationship of PKA concentrations with fluorescence intensity in the range from 1 to 50 U·L-1 was obtained, and the lower limit of detection (LOD) is 0.5 U·L-1. This is much lower than LODs reported in the literature. The PKA inhibitor H-89 was studied, and the inhibition plot has a sigmoidal shape with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of around 750 nM of H-89. At a 4.5 nM level of H-89, fluorescence of HAP-NPs fell to levels of no PKA controls, demonstrating that the assay is a viable tool to screen for kinase inhibitors. An assay with Hela cell lysates in combination with forskolin (an activator of adenylyl cyclase) and IBMX (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used to activate the cellular activity of PKA) resulted in decreased fluorescence of HAP-NPs. This suggests that the assay can be applied for testing in vitro cell kinase activity. In our perception, this method will enable high-throughput screening for kinase-related drugs and fluorometric enzymatic detection in various areas. Graphical abstract Fluorescence assay based on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP) fluorescence quenching was developed for analysis of the activity and inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA).
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85
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Copeland RA, Boriack-Sjodin PA. The Elements of Translational Chemical Biology. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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86
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Tanabe K, Inagaki A, Henmi Y, Satake M. Image-Based Profiling Can Discriminate the Effects of Inhibitors on Signaling Pathways under Differential Ligand Stimulation. SLAS DISCOVERY 2018; 23:330-340. [PMID: 29298398 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217751091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A major advantage of image-based phenotypic profiling of compounds is that numerous image features can be sampled and quantitatively evaluated in an unbiased way. However, since this assay is a discovery-oriented screening, it is difficult to determine the optimal experimental setup in advance. In this study, we examined whether variable cellular stimulation affects the efficacy of the image-based profiling of compounds. Seven different epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands were used, and the expression of EGFR signaling molecules was monitored at various time points. Significant quantitative differences in image features were detected among the differentially treated samples. Next, 14 different compounds that affect EGFR signaling were profiled. Nearly half of the compounds were classified into distinct clusters, irrespective of differential ligand stimulation. The results suggest that image-based phenotypic profiling is quite robust in its ability to predict compound interaction with its target. Although this method will have to be validated in other experimental systems, the robustness of image-based compound profiling demonstrated in this work provides a valid basis for further study and its extended application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tanabe
- 1 Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayane Inagaki
- 1 Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Henmi
- 1 Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Satake
- 2 Department of Nursing, Sendai Akamon College, Sendai, Japan
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87
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Astolfi A, Manfroni G, Cecchetti V, Barreca ML. A Comprehensive Structural Overview of p38α Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Complex with ATP-Site and Non-ATP-Site Binders. ChemMedChem 2017; 13:7-14. [PMID: 29210532 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein we review all the currently available ATP-site and non-ATP-site ligands bound to p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) available in the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB). The co-crystallized inhibitors have been classified into different families according to their experimental binding mode and chemical structure, and the ligand-protein interactions are discussed using the most representative compounds. This systematic structural analysis could provide some take-home lessons for drug discovery programs aimed at the rational identification and optimization of new p38α MAPK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Astolfi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via A. Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manfroni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via A. Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Violetta Cecchetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via A. Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Barreca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via A. Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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88
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Ravikumar B, Aittokallio T. Improving the efficacy-safety balance of polypharmacology in multi-target drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 13:179-192. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1413089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Balaguru Ravikumar
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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89
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Jost M, Chen Y, Gilbert LA, Horlbeck MA, Krenning L, Menchon G, Rai A, Cho MY, Stern JJ, Prota AE, Kampmann M, Akhmanova A, Steinmetz MO, Tanenbaum ME, Weissman JS. Combined CRISPRi/a-Based Chemical Genetic Screens Reveal that Rigosertib Is a Microtubule-Destabilizing Agent. Mol Cell 2017; 68:210-223.e6. [PMID: 28985505 PMCID: PMC5640507 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical libraries paired with phenotypic screens can now readily identify compounds with therapeutic potential. A central limitation to exploiting these compounds, however, has been in identifying their relevant cellular targets. Here, we present a two-tiered CRISPR-mediated chemical-genetic strategy for target identification: combined genome-wide knockdown and overexpression screening as well as focused, comparative chemical-genetic profiling. Application of these strategies to rigosertib, a drug in phase 3 clinical trials for high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome whose molecular target had remained controversial, pointed singularly to microtubules as rigosertib's target. We showed that rigosertib indeed directly binds to and destabilizes microtubules using cell biological, in vitro, and structural approaches. Finally, expression of tubulin with a structure-guided mutation in the rigosertib-binding pocket conferred resistance to rigosertib, establishing that rigosertib kills cancer cells by destabilizing microtubules. These results demonstrate the power of our chemical-genetic screening strategies for pinpointing the physiologically relevant targets of chemical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Jost
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Luke A Gilbert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Max A Horlbeck
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lenno Krenning
- Hubrecht Institute - KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Grégory Menchon
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ankit Rai
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3548CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Min Y Cho
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jacob J Stern
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrea E Prota
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3548CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michel O Steinmetz
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marvin E Tanenbaum
- Hubrecht Institute - KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Lee CS, Baek J, Han SY. The Role of Kinase Modulators in Cellular Senescence for Use in Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091411. [PMID: 28841181 PMCID: PMC6151769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, more than 30 small molecules and eight monoclonal antibodies that modulate kinase signaling have been approved for the treatment of several pathological conditions, including cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Among them, kinase modulators have been a primary focus for use in cancer treatment. Cellular senescence is believed to protect cells from tumorigenesis by irreversibly halting cell cycle progression and avoiding the growth of damaged cells and tissues. Senescence can also contribute to tumor suppression and be utilized as a mechanism by anti-cancer agents. Although the role of kinase modulators in cancer treatment and their effects on senescence in tumor development have been extensively studied, the relationship between kinase modulators for cancer treatment and senescence has not been fully discussed. In this review, we discuss the pro- and anti-tumorigenesis functions of senescence and summarize the key roles of kinase modulators in the regulation of senescence against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sup Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
| | - Juhwa Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
| | - Sun-Young Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
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Lu Q, Livi GP, Modha S, Yusa K, Macarrón R, Dow DJ. Applications of CRISPR genome editing technology in drug target identification and validation. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:541-552. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1317244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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