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Spendrup S, Eriksson D, Fernqvist F. Swedish consumers´ attitudes and values to genetic modification and conventional plant breeding - The case of fruit and vegetables. GM CROPS & FOOD 2021; 12:342-360. [PMID: 33970780 PMCID: PMC8115547 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2021.1921544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined public attitudes to genetic modification (GM) and conventional plant breeding and explored general differences in attitudes to these two types of breeding concepts, including the effect of individual personal characteristics such as gender and age. It also sought to identify the influence of personal values linked to attitudes to GM crops and conventional plant breeding, following Schwartz value theory. Relations between specific values and attitudes to GM organisms (GMOs) have been studied previously, but not gender- and age-specific relations between specific values and attitudes to conventional plant breeding. Data were collected in this study using a questionnaire completed on-line by 1500 Swedish consumers in 2019. The questionnaire covered three different aspects: 1) sociodemographic data, including gender and age; 2) attitudes to GMO/conventional plant breeding; and 3) values, measured using the human values scale. It was found that consumers expressed more positive attitudes to conventional plant breeding than to GMO, men expressed more positive attitudes to both conventional plant breeding and GMO than women did, and younger consumers expressed more positive attitudes to GMO than older consumers did. A negative correlation between attitudes to conventional plant breeding and the value ‘tradition’, but no correlation to ‘universalism’, ‘benevolence’, ‘power’ or ‘achievement’, was identified for men. For women, correlations between attitudes to conventional plant breeding and ‘benevolence’ (neg.) and ‘achievement’ (pos.) were found. For both men and women, attitudes to GMO were negatively influenced by ‘universalism’ and ‘benevolence’, and positively influenced by ‘power’ and ‘achievement’. The implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Spendrup
- Department of People and Society, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Dennis Eriksson
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Fernqvist
- Department of People and Society, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Xu Z, Wang M, Du J, Huang T, Liu J, Dong T, Chen Y. Isolation of Burkholderia sp. HQB-1, A Promising Biocontrol Bacteria to Protect Banana Against Fusarium Wilt Through Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid Secretion. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:605152. [PMID: 33362750 PMCID: PMC7758292 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.605152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is a devastating soil-borne fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). In recent years, some antifungal bacteria have been applied for the prevention and biocontrol of pathogenic fungi. In our study, a bacterial strain HQB-1, isolated from banana rhizosphere soil, was cultured for investigation. It showed broad-spectrum antifungal activities against representative phytopathogenic fungi including Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, and Curvularia fallax. The strain HQB-1 was identified as Burkholderia sp. by morphological, physiological, and biochemical examinations, confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Among the metabolites produced by the strain, we identified an antifungal compound which was identified phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) (C13H8N2O2) through ultraviolet, liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer, and nuclear magnetic response. Furthermore, PCA exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against F. oxysporum (1.56 μg/ml) and yielded the highest MIC against C. gloeosporioides. Pot experiments showed that application of 5 μg/ml or more of PCA efficiently controlled banana wilt and promoted the growth of banana plants. These results suggested that Burkholderia sp. HQB-1, as an important microbial resource of PCA, could be a promising biological agent against wilt diseases and promoting banana growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou Xu
- Research Center of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China.,College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- Research Center of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Research Center of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Research Center of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianfu Liu
- Research Center of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tao Dong
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Ahmad F, Martawi NM, Poerba YS, de Jong H, Schouten H, Kema GHJ. Genetic mapping of Fusarium wilt resistance in a wild banana Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis accession. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:3409-3418. [PMID: 32918589 PMCID: PMC7567712 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Banana is an important fruit and food crop, but is threatened by Fusarium wilt, one of the most devastating soil-borne fungal diseases. Only host resistance facilitates banana cultivation in infested soils around the world, but the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is unknown. We selfed a heterozygous wild banana accession Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis (Mam, AA, 2n = 22) to generate a mapping population and to investigate the inheritance of resistance to Race 1 and tropical race 4 (TR4) that cause FWB. Phenotyping (N = 217) revealed segregation for resistance, and genotyping by sequencing resulted in 2802 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNPs) that were used for genetic mapping. Combined analyses of these data showed that a single dominant resistance locus controls resistance to Race 1 and maps near the distal part of chromosome 10. Recombinants, together with the position of the putative resistance gene, were further analysed using graphical genotyping, which retrieved markers flanking a 360 kb genetic region that associates with Race 1 resistance. The region contains 165 putative genes on the reference genome, including 19 leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase-like genes. At the same position and phase, we also identified a QTL for TR4 resistance, showing that the locus for resistance against Race 1 provided partial resistance to TR4. However, this effect was far less significant and hence not included in the mapping. These data support the breeding of new banana varieties with resistance to Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajarudin Ahmad
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nani M Martawi
- Department Biology Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Kampus 2 Untirta, Jl Ciwaru Raya No. 25, Kota Serang, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Yuyu S Poerba
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Hans de Jong
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Schouten
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zaidi SSEA, Mahas A, Vanderschuren H, Mahfouz MM. Engineering crops of the future: CRISPR approaches to develop climate-resilient and disease-resistant plants. Genome Biol 2020; 21:289. [PMID: 33256828 PMCID: PMC7702697 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet increasing global food demand, breeders and scientists aim to improve the yield and quality of major food crops. Plant diseases threaten food security and are expected to increase because of climate change. CRISPR genome-editing technology opens new opportunities to engineer disease resistance traits. With precise genome engineering and transgene-free applications, CRISPR is expected to resolve the major challenges to crop improvement. Here, we discuss the latest developments in CRISPR technologies for engineering resistance to viruses, bacteria, fungi, and pests. We conclude by highlighting current concerns and gaps in technology, as well as outstanding questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shan-E-Ali Zaidi
- Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Mahas
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Biosystems Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Magdy M Mahfouz
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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Tabei Y, Shimura S, Kwon Y, Itaka S, Fukino N. Analyzing Twitter Conversation on Genome-Edited Foods and Their Labeling in Japan. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:535764. [PMID: 33193475 PMCID: PMC7642521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.535764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the research and development of genome editing technology have been progressing rapidly, and the commercial use of genome-edited soybean started in the United States in 2019. A preceding study's results found that there is public concern with regard to the safety of high-tech foods, such as genetically modified foods and genome-edited foods. Twitter, one of the most popular social networks, allows users to post their opinions instantaneously, making it an extremely useful tool to collect what people are actually saying online in a timely manner. Therefore, it was used for collecting data on the users' concerns with and expectations of high-tech foods. This study collected and analyzed Twitter data on genome-edited foods and their labeling from May 25 to October 15 in 2019. Of 14,066 unique user IDs, 94.9% posted 5 or less tweets, whereas 64.8% tweeted only once, indicating that the majority of users who tweeted on this issue are not as intense, as they posted tweets consistently. After a process of refining, there were 28,722 tweets, of which 2,536 tweets (8.8%) were original, 326 (1.1%) were replies, and 25,860 (90%) were retweets. The numbers of tweets increased in response to government announcements and news content in the media. A total of six prominent peaks were detected during the investigation period, proving that Twitter could serve as a tool for monitoring degree of users' interests in real time. The co-occurrence network of original and reply tweets provided different words from various tweets that appeared with a certain frequency. However, the network derived from all tweets seemed to concentrate on words from specific tweets with negative overtones. As a result of sentiment analysis, 54.5% to 62.8% tweets were negative about genome-edited food and the labeling policy of the Consumer Affairs Agency, respectively, indicating a strong demand for mandatory labeling. These findings are expected to contribute to the communication strategy of genome-edited foods toward social implementation by government officers and science communicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tabei
- Strategic Planning Headquarters, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sachiko Shimura
- Strategic Planning Headquarters, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yeondae Kwon
- Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizu Itaka
- Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Nobuko Fukino
- Strategic Planning Headquarters, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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56
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From bacterial battles to CRISPR crops; progress towards agricultural applications of genome editing. Emerg Top Life Sci 2020; 3:687-693. [PMID: 32915213 DOI: 10.1042/etls20190065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing is the precise alteration of DNA in living cells by the cutting or removal of specific sequences, sometimes followed by insertion of new sequences at the cut site. CRISPR-Cas9 has become firmly established as the genome-editing method of choice, replacing the systems that had been developed and in use since the early 1990s. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been developed from a mechanism used in prokaryotes as a defence against bacteriophage but actually functions in cells of all types of organisms. It is widely used in research as a gene knockout and editing tool; applications in veterinary medicine (such as increased resistance to disease) and human medicine (such as correction of disease-causing mutations) are under development. In agriculture and horticulture, the potential for various aspects of crop improvement is very large. Selected aspects of this potential are presented here, with particular focus on crop quality and disease resistance. The article ends with a brief discussion of the regulatory 'environment' in the USA and the EU.
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57
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Zorrilla-Fontanesi Y, Pauwels L, Panis B, Signorelli S, Vanderschuren H, Swennen R. Strategies to revise agrosystems and breeding to control Fusarium wilt of banana. NATURE FOOD 2020; 1:599-604. [PMID: 37128105 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-00155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent emergence of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), the deadly strain that causes Fusarium wilt of banana, has put the banana production chain for export under threat. Here, we propose research priorities and complementary strategies and challenges for effective and efficient mitigation management of Fusarium wilt. Our strategies include diversifying the agrosystems to increase crop resilience, as well as using precision breeding approaches to rapidly assess and introduce disease-resistance genes to develop stable and complete Foc resistance in commercial banana cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurens Pauwels
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (Technologiepark 71), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology (Technologiepark 71), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Panis
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Rony Swennen
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium.
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), C/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania.
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58
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Schenke D, Cai D. Applications of CRISPR/Cas to Improve Crop Disease Resistance: Beyond Inactivation of Susceptibility Factors. iScience 2020; 23:101478. [PMID: 32891884 PMCID: PMC7479627 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current crop production systems are prone to increasing pathogen pressure. Fundamental understanding of molecular plant-pathogen interactions, the availability of crop and pathogen genomic information, as well as emerging genome editing permits a novel approach for breeding of crop disease resistance. We describe here strategies to identify new targets for resistance breeding with focus on interruption of the compatible plant-pathogen interaction by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing. Basically, crop genome editing can be applied in several ways to achieve this goal. The most common approach focuses on the "simple" knockout by non-homologous end joining repair of plant susceptibility factors required for efficient host colonization. However, genome re-writing via homology-directed repair or base editing can also prevent host manipulation by changing the targets of pathogen-derived effectors or molecules beyond recognition, which also decreases plant susceptibility. We conclude that genome editing by CRISPR/Cas will become increasingly indispensable to generate in relatively short time beneficial resistance traits in crops to meet upcoming challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schenke
- Institute of Phytopathology, Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann Rodewald Str. 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Daguang Cai
- Institute of Phytopathology, Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann Rodewald Str. 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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59
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Sunisha C, Sowmya HD, Usharani TR, Umesha M, Gopalkrishna HR, Sriram S. Induction of Ced9 mediated anti-apoptosis in commercial banana cultivar Rasthali for stable resistance against Fusarium wilt. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:371. [PMID: 32832331 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-apoptotic gene Ced-9 enhanced resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in the susceptible banana cultivar Rasthali by arresting tissue necrosis. The embryogenic cell suspension of banana cultivar Rasthali was stably transformed with Ced-9 gene and transformed lines were regenerated independently. The putative transgenic lines were analyzed with PCR using gene primers and further subjected to Southern blot to estimate copy number. The root-challenge bioassay with Foc showed 17-51% Vascular Discoloration Index in independent transformants compared to untransformed banana cv Rasthali (98% VDI). Four transgenic events showed a higher level of resistance over a period of 6 months. Overcoming tissue necrosis is the most ideal method to avoid Fusarium multiplication and spread in banana. Oxidative stress-induced cell necrosis is prevented by the activation of antiapoptotic pathways by Ced-9 and is proving to be an effective method to control this dreaded disease. This is the first report from India on the generation of transgenic banana cultivar Rasthali expressing antiapoptotic Ced-9 gene for resistance to Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sunisha
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centre for Postgraduate Studies, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | - H D Sowmya
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - T R Usharani
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - M Umesha
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - H R Gopalkrishna
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
| | - S Sriram
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore, 560 089 India
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Zhang J, Miao H, Xie B, Wang J, Jia C, Zhang J, Xu B, Jin Z, Liu J. Genomic and Transcriptional Analysis of Banana Ovate Family Proteins Reveals Their Relationship with Fruit Development and Ripening. Biochem Genet 2020; 58:412-429. [PMID: 32144551 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09951-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ovate Family Proteins (OFPs) belong to a plant-specific transcription factor family. They have been found to have significant roles in growth and development in Arabidopsis and tomato; however, little is known regarding their role in banana. Thus, a genome-wide study of OFP genes in banana was conducted for the first time in the present study. The results demonstrated that 49 OFP family members are unequally distributed across 11 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these genes into two subfamilies and eight subgroups, which was confirmed by the conserved motif and gene structure analysis. Furthermore, MaOFPs genes duplicates were found to have originated from whole-genome duplication (WGD). The expression patterns of the genes in the various tissues and at different fruit development and ripening stages in the BaXi Jiao (BX) and Feng Jiao (FJ), banana cultivars were elucidated using transcriptome analysis. Using co-expression network analysis, MaOFP1 was found to interact not only with MaMADS36 but also with hormone response proteins. These findings improve our understanding of the functions of MaOFPs genes in the control of plant hormone signal transduction pathways during banana growth and ripening, which should inform the genetic improvement of important agricultural characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Hongxia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Biyu Xie
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China. .,College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Juhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571101, China.
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61
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Maymon M, Sela N, Shpatz U, Galpaz N, Freeman S. The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1590. [PMID: 32005853 PMCID: PMC6994609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) is considered one of the most devastating soilborne fungal pathogens of banana worldwide. Foc causing mortality to Cavendish group bananas, and belonging to the unique vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 01213/16 has been termed tropical race 4 (TR4) and has currently been renamed F. odoratissimum. The pathogen that was first detected approximately 50 years ago in South East Asia, has since spread to countries within the greater Mekong subregion and to Australia. Recently, the pathogen disseminated to India, Pakistan, Oman and Mozambique (Africa) and was identified in the South American continent in Colombia in 2019. In the Middle East, TR4 was first reported from Jordan and Lebanon, and later from Israel in 2016. In Israel, the pathogen was identified as TR4 by VCG tests, pathogenicity assays and molecular verification. The complete genomes of five representative TR4 isolates including two from Israel, one from Jordan, one from the Philippines, and one from Indonesia were sequenced, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analyses were conducted. SNPs were compared to 11 additional sequenced TR4 isolates, to determine the origin of the Israeli isolates. SNP detection and phylogeographical analyses determined that the Middle Eastern isolates are closely related, indicating that the pathogen most likely spread to Israel from Jordan, while those from Colombia are related to a representative isolate from Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Maymon
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Uri Shpatz
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
- Northern R & D, Kiryat Shmona, 11016, Israel
| | | | - Stanley Freeman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
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Dou T, Shao X, Hu C, Liu S, Sheng O, Bi F, Deng G, Ding L, Li C, Dong T, Gao H, He W, Peng X, Zhang S, Huo H, Yang Q, Yi G. Host-induced gene silencing of Foc TR4 ERG6/11 genes exhibits superior resistance to Fusarium wilt of banana. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:11-13. [PMID: 31254438 PMCID: PMC6920154 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Dou
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiuhong Shao
- Horticulture and Landscape CollegeHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chunhua Hu
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Siwen Liu
- College of HorticultureShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ou Sheng
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Fangcheng Bi
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Guiming Deng
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Lijie Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Tao Dong
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Huijun Gao
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Weidi He
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinxiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| | - Heqiang Huo
- Department of Environmental HorticultureUniversity of FloridaApopkaFLUSA
| | - Qiaosong Yang
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Ganjun Yi
- Institute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
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Vignesh Kumar B, Backiyarani S, Chandrasekar A, Saranya S, Ramajayam D, Saraswathi MS, Durai P, Kalpana S, Uma S. Strengthening of banana breeding through data digitalization. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2020; 2020:5818927. [PMID: 32283556 PMCID: PMC7153955 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of edible bananas (a triploid and sterile crop) through conventional breeding is a challenging task owing to its recalcitrant nature for seed set, prolonged crop duration. In addition, the need of huge man power at different stages of progeny development and evaluation often leads to mislabeling, poor data management and loss of vital data. All this can be overcome by the application of advanced information technology source. This ensured secure and efficient data management such as storage, retrieval and data analysis and further could assist in tracking the breeding status in real time. Thus, a user-friendly web-based banana breeding tracker (BBT) has been developed using MySQL database with Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP). This BBT works on all operating systems with access to multiple users from anywhere at any time. Quick responsive (QR) code labels can be generated by the tracker, which can be decoded using QR scanner. Also for each and every updated progress in breeding stages, a new QR code can be generated, which in turn reduce labeling errors. Moreover, the tracker has additional tools to search, sort and filter the data from the data sets for efficient retrieval and analysis. This tracker is being upgraded with phenotypic and genotypic data that will be made available in the public domain for hastening the banana improvement program.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vignesh Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Backiyarani
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Saranya
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Ramajayam
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M S Saraswathi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Durai
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kalpana
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Uma
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
Hinai green tuff, which is found in Akita Prefecture, Japan, is used for the production of building materials, etc. About 60% of all stone is emitted as waste powder and therefore it is important to find ways for recycling it. In this work, the characteristics of green tuff powder have been investigated. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and elemental map observations indicate that the green tuff contains TiO2 on zeolite. The green tuff can therefore be used as a natural catalyst for producing hydrogen peroxide with moisture and oxygen with light. The optimum calcined temperature of the green tuff powder is about 800 °C, producing the hydroxyl radical from hydrogen peroxide decomposition without ultraviolet light (UV) and decomposition of the superoxide anion. As the application of green tuff powder, Cavendish banana trees found in the Philippines infected by a new Panama disease were treated with powder suspension in order to remove the fungus (a type of Fusarium wilt) due to the photocatalyst characteristics of powder. The suspension, prepared by using the powder was sprayed on the infected banana trees for about one month. Photograph observation indicated that the so-called 800 °C suspension spray was more effective in growing the infected banana trees.
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Abstract
Approaches to manipulating disease resistance in plants is expanding exponentially due to advances in our understanding of plant defense mechanisms and new tools for manipulating the plant genome. The application of effective strategies is only limited now by adoption of rapid classical genetic techniques and the acceptance of genetically engineered traits for some problems. The use of genome editing and cis-genetics, where possible, may facilitate applications that otherwise require considerable time or genetic engineering, depending on settling legal definitions of the products. Nonetheless, the variety of approaches to developing disease resistance has never been greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Jones
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Frank F. White
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Marimuthu K, Subbaraya U, Suthanthiram B, Marimuthu SS. Molecular analysis of somatic embryogenesis through proteomic approach and optimization of protocol in recalcitrant Musa spp. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:282-301. [PMID: 30883793 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a complex stress related process regulated by numerous biological factors. SE is mainly applicable to mass propagation and genetic improvement of plants through gene transfer technology and induced mutations. In banana, SE is highly genome dependent as the efficiency varies with cultivars. To understand the molecular mechanism of SE, a proteomics approach was carried out to identify proteins expressed during embryogenic calli (EC) induction, regeneration and germination of somatic embryos in the banana cultivar cv. Rasthali (AAB). In total, 70 spots were differentially expressed in various developmental stages of SE, of which 16 were uniquely expressed and 17 were highly abundant in EC compared to non-embryogenic calli and explants. Also, four spots were uniquely expressed in germinating somatic embryos. The functional annotation of identified proteins revealed that calcium signaling along with stress and endogenous hormones related proteins played a vital role in EC induction and germination of somatic embryos. Thus, based on this outcome, the callus induction media was modified and tested in five cultivars. Among them, cultivars Grand Naine (AAA), Monthan (ABB) and Ney Poovan (AB) showed a better response in tryptophan added media, whereas Red Banana (AAA) and Karpuravalli (ABB) showed maximum EC induction in kinetin and CaCl2 supplemented media respectively. Simultaneously, germination media were modified to induce proteins responsible for germination. In cv. Rasthali, media supplemented with 10 mM CaCl2 showed a maximum increase in germination (51.79%) over control plants. Thus, the present study revealed that media modification based on proteomic analysis can induce SE in recalcitrant cultivars and also enhance germination in cultivars amenable for SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaravel Marimuthu
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Uma Subbaraya
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | - Saraswathi S Marimuthu
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, India
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67
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Baral A. A step closer toward making many from the one. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:279-281. [PMID: 31642073 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a key technique used in plant biotechnology. The complex molecular changes associated with SE are uncharacterized in many crop species, and therefore, logically, formulating the culture conditions that induce these changes is difficult. In a study published in this issue of Physiologia Plantarum, Marimuthu et al. (2019) performed a proteomic study to characterize the molecular reprogramming during SE of an elite banana cultivar. Based on the results, they could customize culture conditions for optimal SE efficiency in several cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Baral
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
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68
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Biotechnological potential of engineering pathogen effector proteins for use in plant disease management. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kleidon J, Brinin A, Paul JY, Harding R, Dale J, Dugdale B. Production of selectable marker gene-free Cavendish banana (Musa spp.) using a steroid-inducible recombinase platform. Transgenic Res 2019; 29:81-93. [PMID: 31664611 PMCID: PMC7000516 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-019-00179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic improvement of commercially accepted banana cultivars is strongly reliant on the ability to introduce genes that encode important agro-traits such as disease resistance. In most cases this can only be achieved using a transgenic approach. Public and regulatory acceptance of these events would greatly increase with “clean” single copy integration events free of the selectable marker gene and extraneous vector backbone. This would also allow for the successive addition of new genes and traits as they become available. In this study, we used the pMarker Free 1 (pMF1) vector containing the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene to assess the effectiveness of steroid-inducible recombination and positive/negative dual selection to regenerate transgenic Cavendish banana plants that were potentially free of the selectable marker gene. By examining the interaction of two different Agrobacterium strains with two different cultivars of Cavendish banana, namely Williams and Grand Naine, we describe a transformation and regeneration strategy that successfully produced marker-free, single transgene copy, gfp-expressing events. The system will provide a useful means of serially improving banana into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kleidon
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Anthony Brinin
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Jean-Yves Paul
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Robert Harding
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - James Dale
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Benjamin Dugdale
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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Identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) responsive miRNAs in banana root. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13682. [PMID: 31548557 PMCID: PMC6757108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease, which is the most serious disease affecting the whole banana industry. Although extensive studies have characterized many Foc-responsive genes in banana, the molecular mechanisms on microRNA level underlying both banana defense and Foc pathogenesis are not yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to reveal the role of miRNA during banana-Foc TR4 interactions. Illumina sequencing was used to reveal the changes in small RNAome profiles in roots of Foc TR4-inoculated ‘Tianbaojiao’ banana (Musa acuminata cv. Tianbaojiao) in the early stages (i.e. 5 h, 10 h and 25 h post Foc TR4 inoculation, respectively). The expression of some differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their predicted target genes was studied by using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Totally, 254 known miRNAs from 31 miRNA families and 28 novel miRNAs were identified. Differential expression analysis identified 84, 77 and 74 DE miRNAs at the three respective Foc TR4 infection time points compared with control healthy banana (CK). GO and KEGG analysis revealed that most of the predicted target genes of DE miRNAs (DET) were implicated in peroxisome, fatty acid metabolism, auxin-activated signaling pathway, sulfur metabolism, lignin metabolism and so on, and many known stress responsive genes were identified to be DETs. Moreover, expected inverse correlations were confirmed between some miRNA and their corresponding target genes by using qRT-PCR analysis. Our study revealed that miRNA play important regulatory roles during the banana-Foc TR4 interaction by regulating peroxidase, fatty acid metabolism, auxin signaling, sulfur metabolism, lignin metabolism related genes and many known stress responsive genes.
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71
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Transcriptomic analysis of resistant and susceptible banana corms in response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8199. [PMID: 31160634 PMCID: PMC6546912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, especially by tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is threatening the global banana industry. Musa acuminata Pahang, a wild diploid banana that displays strong resistance to Foc TR4, holds great potential to understand the underlying resistance mechanisms. Microscopic examination reports that, in a wounding inoculation system, the Foc TR4 infection processes in roots of Pahang (resistant) and a triploid cultivar Brazilian (susceptible) were similar by 7 days post inoculation (dpi), but significant differences were observed in corms of both genotypes at 14 dpi. We compare transcriptomic responses in the corms of Pahang and Brazilian, and show that Pahang exhibited constitutive defense responses before Foc TR4 infection and inducible defense responses prior to Brazilian at the initial Foc TR4 infection stage. Most key enzymatic genes in the phenylalanine metabolism pathway were up-regulated in Brazilian, suggesting that lignin and phytotoxin may be triggered during later stages of Foc TR4 infection. This study unravels a few potential resistance candidate genes whose expression patterns were assessed by RT-qPCR assay and improves our understanding the defense mechanisms of Pahang response to Foc TR4.
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72
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Carvalhais LC, Henderson J, Rincon-Florez VA, O’Dwyer C, Czislowski E, Aitken EAB, Drenth A. Molecular Diagnostics of Banana Fusarium Wilt Targeting Secreted-in-Xylem Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:547. [PMID: 31214206 PMCID: PMC6554419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is currently spreading in banana growing regions around the world leading to substantial losses. The disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), which is further classified into distinct races according to the banana varieties that they infect. Cavendish banana is resistant to Foc race 1, to which the popular Gros Michel subgroup succumbed last century. Cavendish effectively saved the banana industry, and became the most cultivated commercial subgroup worldwide. However, Foc tropical race 4 (TR4) subsequently emerged in Southeast Asia, causing significant yield losses due to its high level of aggressiveness to cultivars of Cavendish, and other commonly grown cultivars. Preventing further spread is crucially important in the absence of effective control methods or resistant market-acceptable banana cultivars. Implementation of quarantine and containment measures depends on early detection of the pathogen through reliable diagnostics. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that secreted in xylem (SIX) genes, which currently comprise the only known family of effectors in F. oxysporum, contain polymorphisms to allow the design of molecular diagnostic assays that distinguish races and relevant VCGs of Foc. We present specific and reproducible diagnostic assays based on conventional PCR targeting SIX genes, using as templates DNA extracted from pure Foc cultures. Sets of primers specifically amplify regions of: SIX6 in Foc race 1, SIX1 gene in TR4, SIX8 in subtropical race 4, SIX9/SIX10 in Foc VCG 0121, and SIX13 in Foc VCG 0122. These assays include simplex and duplex PCRs, with additional restriction digestion steps applied to amplification products of genes SIX1 and SIX13. Assay validations were conducted to a high international standard including the use of 250 Fusarium spp. isolates representing 16 distinct Fusarium species, 59 isolates of F. oxysporum, and 21 different vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Tested parameters included inter and intraspecific analytical specificity, sensitivity, robustness, repeatability, and reproducibility. The resulting suite of assays is able to reliably and accurately detect R1, STR4, and TR4 as well as two VCGs (0121 and 0122) causing Fusarium wilt in bananas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia C. Carvalhais
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Horticultural Science, Ecosciences Precinct, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juliane Henderson
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Horticultural Science, Ecosciences Precinct, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Vivian A. Rincon-Florez
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Horticultural Science, Ecosciences Precinct, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Cecilia O’Dwyer
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Horticultural Science, Ecosciences Precinct, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Czislowski
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queenslandxy3Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. B. Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queenslandxy3Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - André Drenth
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Horticultural Science, Ecosciences Precinct, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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73
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Zhang L, Zhou D, Hu H, Li W, Hu Y, Xie J, Huang S, Wang W. Genome-wide characterization of a SRO gene family involved in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in banana (Musa spp.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:211. [PMID: 31113386 PMCID: PMC6530135 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the world's most important fruits and its production is largely limited by diverse stress conditions. SROs (SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE) have important functions in abiotic stress resistance and development of plants. They contain a catalytic core of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) domain and a C-terminal RST (RCD-SRO-TAF4) domain. In addition, partial SROs also include an N-terminal WWE domain. Although a few of SROs have been characterized in some model plants, little is known about their functions in banana, especially in response to biotic stress. RESULTS Six MaSRO genes in banana genome were identified using the PARP and RST models as a query. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 77 SROs from 15 species were divided into two structurally distinct groups. The SROs in the group I possessed three central regions of the WWE, PARP and RST domains. The WWE domain was lacking in the group II SROs. In the selected monocots, only MaSROs of banana were present in the group II. Most of MaSROs expressed in more than one banana tissue. The stress- and hormone-related cis-regulatory elements (CREs) in the promoter regions of MaSROs supported differential transcripts of MaSROs in banana roots treated with abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, expression profiles of MaSROs in the group I were clearly distinct with those observed in the group II after hormone treatment. Notably, the expression of MaSRO4 was significantly upregulated by the multiple stresses and hormones. The MaSRO4 protein could directly interact with MaNAC6 and MaMYB4, and the PARP domain was required for the protein-protein interaction. CONCLUSIONS Six MaSROs in banana genome were divided into two main groups based on the characteristics of conserved domains. Comprehensive expression analysis indicated that MaSROs had positive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses via a complex interaction network with hormones. MaSRO4 could interact directly with MaNAC6 and MaMYB4 through the PARP domain to regulate downstream signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
| | - Dengbo Zhou
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
| | - Huigang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of China Southern Subtropical Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524091 China
| | - Weiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of China Southern Subtropical Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524091 China
| | - Yulin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of China Southern Subtropical Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524091 China
| | - Jianghui Xie
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of China Southern Subtropical Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524091 China
| | - Shangzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China
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74
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Chen A, Sun J, Matthews A, Armas-Egas L, Chen N, Hamill S, Mintoff S, Tran-Nguyen LTT, Batley J, Aitken EAB. Assessing Variations in Host Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f sp. cubense Race 4 in Musa Species, With a Focus on the Subtropical Race 4. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1062. [PMID: 31156584 PMCID: PMC6529558 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) has severely curtailed banana production in the tropical regions of the world. The tropical race 4 (TR4) of Foc was detected in Australia in the 1990s and it is virulent to all Cavendish type banana cultivars, which represents the majority of banana production in Australia. Genetic resistance to Foc race 4 is urgently needed. To characterize sources of resistance, we have assessed the Foc resistance response of 34 Musa cultivars with plants grown under controlled settings. Amongst diploid banana cultivars carrying the AA genome, resistance is found in Musa acuminata sub-species including malaccensis ‘Pahang’ and burmannica ‘Calcutta4.’ In the polyploid group, the hybrids such as ‘FHIA-18’ and ‘FHIA-25’ are highly resistant against both Foc-TR4 and subtropical race 4 (Foc-STR4). Interestingly, ‘FHIA-2’ and ‘CAM020’ appear to be resistant to Foc-TR4 but susceptible to Foc-STR4, suggesting potential differences in the resistance mechanisms against the different race 4 strains. Using a GFP tagged Foc-STR4 strain challenged onto both resistant and susceptible M. a. malaccensis lines, a high inoculum dosage rapidly induced vascular wilt in the susceptible M. a. malaccensis lines at 2.5 weeks. This was associated with an accumulation of micro-conidia in the rhizome and the movement of the fungus through the xylem vessels. In contrast, the fungal movement was restrained in the rhizome of the resistant M. a. malaccensis lines and no sporulation was observed. Overall, this research suggests that the resistance response is dependent to an extent on inoculum dosage and that the plant host’s response, in the rhizome, plays an important role in inhibiting the fungus from spreading to the rest of the plant. Identifying race 4 resistant accessions can help to understand mechanisms of resistance and provide banana breeders with the genetic resources to integrate resistance genes into commercial varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiaman Sun
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Lab, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Andrea Matthews
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Liz Armas-Egas
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ning Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sharon Hamill
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Maroochy Research Facility, Nambour, QLD, Australia
| | - Sharl Mintoff
- Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Lucy T T Tran-Nguyen
- Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Jaqueline Batley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A B Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Tripathi L, Ntui VO, Tripathi JN. Application of genetic modification and genome editing for developing climate‐smart banana. Food Energy Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leena Tripathi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Nairobi Kenya
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76
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RNAi-mediated protection against banana diseases and pests. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:112. [PMID: 30863696 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pests and pathogens restrict the production potential of many crop plants. The losses incurred due to pests and diseases are huge threatening food security. Management strategies include use of chemical pesticides which can be detrimental to human health and environment and other physical and biological methods which have serious limitations. An alternative would be to utilize the advanced technology such as RNA interference (RNAi) to engineer disease resistance in crop plants. The phenomenon of RNAi is very well studied in organisms across genera and found to be conserved. Taking advantage of this, dsRNAs have been delivered into pests and pathogens and showed significant growth inhibition. Banana is susceptible to various groups of pathogens which results in poor yield. The proof-of-principle studies using RNAi technology have already been demonstrated in banana to develop resistance to two important groups of pathogens. Transgenic banana plants expressing small interfering RNA targeting BBTV and Fusarium pathogen have shown high level of resistance. In this review, we summarize and discuss the studies utilizing RNAi as a strategy to develop resistance to major banana diseases and encourage further research in exploiting RNAi-based resistance in other crop plants.
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77
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Song GQ, Prieto H, Orbovic V. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Tree Fruit Crops: Methods, Progress, and Challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:226. [PMID: 30881368 PMCID: PMC6405644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been a desirable tool to manipulate single or multiple genes of existing genotypes of woody fruit crops, for which conventional breeding is a difficult and lengthy process due to heterozygosity, sexual incompatibility, juvenility, or a lack of natural sources. To date, successful transformation has been reported for many fruit crops. We review the major progress in genetic transformation of these fruit crops made in the past 5 years, emphasizing reproducible transformation protocols as well as the strategies that have been tested in fruit crops. While direct transformation of scion cultivars was mostly used for fruit quality improvement, biotic and abiotic tolerance, and functional gene analysis, transgrafting on genetically modified (GM) rootstocks showed a potential to produce non-GM fruit products. More recently, genome editing technology has demonstrated a potential for gene(s) manipulation of several fruit crops. However, substantial efforts are still needed to produce plants from gene-edited cells, for which tremendous challenge remains in the context of either cell's recalcitrance to regeneration or inefficient gene-editing due to their polyploidy. We propose that effective transient transformation and efficient regeneration are the key for future utilization of genome editing technologies for improvement of fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-qing Song
- Department of Horticulture, Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Humberto Prieto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Vladimir Orbovic
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
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The susceptibility of sea-island cotton recombinant inbred lines to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum infection is characterized by altered expression of long noncoding RNAs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2894. [PMID: 30814537 PMCID: PMC6393425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease resistance is one of the most complicated yet important plant traits. The potential functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in response to pathogenic fungi remain unclear. In this study, we sequenced the transcriptomes of four different sea-island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with susceptible, highly susceptible, highly resistant, or super highly resistant phenotypes and compared their responses to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) infection with those of their susceptible and resistant parents. Infection-induced protein coding genes were highly enriched in similar disease resistance-related pathways regardless of fungal susceptibility. In contrast, we found that the expression of a large number of Fov infection-induced lncRNAs was positively correlated with plant susceptibility. Bioinformatics analysis of potential target mRNAs of lncRNAs with both trans-acting and cis-acting mechanisms showed that mRNAs co-expressed or co-located with Fov-regulated lncRNAs were highly enriched in disease resistance-related pathways, including glutathione metabolism, glycolysis, plant hormone signal transduction, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and butanoate metabolism. Together these results suggest that lncRNAs could play a significant role in the response to pathogenic fungal infection and the establishment of disease resistance. The transcriptional regulation of these infection-susceptible lncRNAs could be coordinated with infection-susceptible mRNAs and integrated into a regulatory network to modulate plant-pathogen interactions and disease resistance. Fov-susceptible lncRNAs represent a novel class of molecular markers for breeding of Fov-resistant cotton cultivars.
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79
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Baral A. Bananas tackling drought and heat - with DREBs and more. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:128-130. [PMID: 30684291 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the changing climate, crops are facing mounting threats from multiple abiotic stresses, and studies that assess the response of plants to combinations, rather than to individual, abiotic stresses are becoming increasingly relevant. Bananas are one of the most globally important and popular food crops and their production is threatened by increasing heat and diminishing rainfall in tropical and subtropical regions. In pursuit of effective stress management strategies, Jangale et al. (2019) look into the physiological and molecular responses of banana plants to combined heat and drought stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Baral
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
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80
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Xu M, Liu CL, Luo J, Qi Z, Yan Z, Fu Y, Wei SS, Tang H. Transcriptomic de novo analysis of pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:10. [PMID: 30616517 PMCID: PMC6323817 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is the most serious disease that attacks the pitaya industry. One pathogenic fungus, referred to as ND8, was isolated from the wild-type red-fleshed pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) of Hainan Province. In the early stages of this disease, stems show little spots and a loss of green color. These spots then gradually spread until the stems became rotten due to infection by various strains. Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum poses a significant threat to pitaya commercial plantations with the growth of stems and the yields, quality of pitaya fruits. However, a lack of transcriptomic and genomic information hinders our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pitaya defense response. RESULTS We investigated the host responses of red-fleshed pitaya (H. polyrhizus) cultivars against N. dimidiatum using Illumina RNA-Seq technology. Significant expression profiles of 23 defense-related genes were further analyzed by qRT-PCR. The total read length based on RNA-Seq was 25,010,007; mean length was 744, the N50 was 1206, and the guanine-cytosine content was 44.48%. Our investigation evaluated 33,584 unigenes, of which 6209 (18.49%) and 27,375 (81.51%) were contigs and singlets, respectively. These unigenes shared a similarity of 16.62% with Vitis vinifera, 7.48% with Theobroma cacao, 6.6% with Nelumbo nucifera and 5.35% with Jatropha curcas. The assembled unigenes were annotated into non-redundant (NR, 25161 unigenes), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, 17895 unigenes), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG, 10475 unigenes), InterPro (19,045 unigenes), and Swiss-Prot public protein databases (16,458 unigenes). In addition, 24 differentially expressed genes, which were mainly associated with plant pathology pathways, were analyzed in-depth. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a basis for further in-depth research on the protein function of the annotated unigene assembly with cDNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Li Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Luo
- University of Sanya, No.191 Yingbin Avenue Xueyuan Road, Sanya, 572000 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao Qi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228 Hainan People’s Republic of China
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Matheka J, Tripathi JN, Merga I, Gebre E, Tripathi L. A simple and rapid protocol for the genetic transformation of Ensete ventricosum. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:130. [PMID: 31719836 PMCID: PMC6839154 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Enset (Ensete ventricosum), also known as Ethiopian banana, is a food security crop for more than 20 million people in Ethiopia. As conventional breeding of enset is very challenging, genetic engineering is an alternative option to introduce important traits such as enhanced disease resistance and nutritional value. Genetic transformation and subsequent regeneration of transgenic enset has never been reported mainly due to challenges in developing transformation protocols for this tropical species. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation could be a practical tool for the genetic improvement of enset. However, the efficiency of the transformation system depends on several parameters such as plant regeneration, genotype, explant, selection agent and Agrobacterium strains. As a first step towards the development of transgenic enset, a simple and rapid plant regeneration system was developed using multiple buds as explants. Induction and proliferation of multiple buds from shoot tip explants was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5 and 10 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), respectively. Shoots were regenerated from multiple buds on MS media containing 2 mg/l BAP and 0.2% activated charcoal. Based on the optimized regeneration protocol, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method was developed using multiple buds as explants and the binary plasmid pCAMBIA2300-GFP containing the green florescent protein (gfp) reporter gene and neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) selection marker gene. Transgenic plantlets were obtained within 4 months at a frequency of about 1.25%. The transgenic lines were validated by PCR analysis using primers specific to the nptII gene. To obtain uniformly transformed plantlets, chimerism was diluted by subculturing and regenerating the transgenic shoots on a selective medium containing kanamycin (150 mg/l) for five cycles. The uniformity of the transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization and RT-PCR analyses on different tissues such as leaf, pseudostem and root of same transgenic plant. In the present study, we report a simple Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for generating transgenic events of enset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the stable transformation and regeneration of transgenic events of enset. The transformation system established in this study can be used for the generation of transgenic enset with important traits such as disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Matheka
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Ibsa Merga
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Endale Gebre
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Leena Tripathi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
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82
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Phylogenetics and histology provide insight into damping-off infections of ‘Poblano’ pepper seedlings caused by Fusarium wilt in greenhouses. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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83
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Naim F, Dugdale B, Kleidon J, Brinin A, Shand K, Waterhouse P, Dale J. Gene editing the phytoene desaturase alleles of Cavendish banana using CRISPR/Cas9. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:451-460. [PMID: 29987710 PMCID: PMC6156769 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bananas are a staple food source and a major export commodity worldwide. The Cavendish dessert banana is a triploid AAA genome type and accounts for around 47% of global production. Being essentially sterile, genetic modification is perhaps the only pathway available to improve this cultivar. In this study, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to deliver a self-cleaving polycistronic guide RNA (gRNA) designed to target exon 1 of the Phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene in the Cavendish cultivar "Williams". Genotyping of 19 independent events showed a 100% PDS modification rate primarily in the form of insertions (1-105 nt) or deletions (1-55 nt) (indels) at the predicted cleavage site. Tri-allelic disruptive modifications were observed in 63% of plants and resulted in both albinism and dwarfing. Pale green (16%) and wildtype green (21%) phenotypes generally correlated with in-frame indels in at least one of the three PDS alleles. Editing efficiency was dependent on both target site selection and Cas9 abundance. This is the first report of a highly effective CRISPR/Cas9 modification system using a polycistronic gRNA in Cavendish banana. Such an editing platform will be of considerable utility for the development of disease resistance and novel agro-traits in this commercially important cultivar into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Naim
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Benjamin Dugdale
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Kleidon
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Anthony Brinin
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Kylie Shand
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Peter Waterhouse
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - James Dale
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
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Niu Y, Hu B, Li X, Chen H, Takáč T, Šamaj J, Xu C. Comparative Digital Gene Expression Analysis of Tissue-Cultured Plantlets of Highly Resistant and Susceptible Banana Cultivarsin Response to Fusarium oxysporum. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E350. [PMID: 29364855 PMCID: PMC5855572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive soil-borne diseases. In this study, young tissue-cultured plantlets of banana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivars differing in Foc susceptibility were used to reveal their differential responses to this pathogen using digital gene expression (DGE). Data were evaluated by various bioinformatic tools (Venn diagrams, gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses) and immunofluorescence labelling method to support the identification of gene candidates determining the resistance of banana against Foc. Interestingly, we have identified MaWRKY50 as an important gene involved in both constitutive and induced resistance. We also identified new genes involved in the resistance of banana to Foc, including several other transcription factors (TFs), pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and some genes related to the plant cell wall biosynthesis or degradation (e.g., pectinesterases, β-glucosidases, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase and endoglucanase). The resistant banana cultivar shows activation of PR-3 and PR-4 genes as well as formation of different constitutive cell barriers to restrict spreading of the pathogen. These data suggest new mechanisms of banana resistance to Foc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Niu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Bei Hu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Houbin Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Tomáš Takáč
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 01 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 01 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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