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Fang Q, Stehr AM, Naschberger E, Knopf J, Herrmann M, Stürzl M. No NETs no TIME: Crosstalk between neutrophil extracellular traps and the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1075260. [PMID: 36618417 PMCID: PMC9816414 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) controls tumorigenesis. Neutrophils are important components of TIME and control tumor progression and therapy resistance. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) ejected by activated neutrophils are net-like structures composed of decondensed extracellular chromatin filaments decorated with a plethora of granules as well as cytoplasmic proteins. Many of these harbour post translational modifications. Cancer cells reportedly trigger NET formation, and conversely, NETs alter the TIME and promote tumor cell proliferation and migration. The specific interactions between NETs and TIME and the respective effects on tumor progression are still elusive. In certain tumors, a CD4+ T helper (Th) 2 cell-associated TIME induces NETs and exerts immunosuppressive functions via programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1, both associated with poorer prognosis. In other cases, NETs induce the proliferation of Th1 cells, associated with an improved prognosis in cancer. In addition, NETs can drive macrophage polarization and often rely on macrophages to promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis. In turn, macrophages can swiftly clear NETs in an immunologically silent manner. The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge about the mutual interaction between NETs and TIME and its impact on tumor growth and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fang
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonia Margarethe Stehr
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (EMN), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (EMN), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,*Correspondence: Michael Stürzl,
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Elkholi IE, Lalonde A, Park M, Côté JF. Breast Cancer Metastatic Dormancy and Relapse: An Enigma of Microenvironment(s). Cancer Res 2022; 82:4497-4510. [PMID: 36214624 PMCID: PMC9755970 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Multiple factors act in concert to define the fate of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) to enter dormancy or develop overt metastases. Here, we review these factors in the context of three stages of the metastatic cascade that impact DTCs. First, cells can be programmed within the primary tumor microenvironment to promote or inhibit dissemination, and the primary tumor can condition a premetastatic niche. Then, cancer cells from the primary tumor spread through hematogenous and lymphatic routes, and the primary tumor sends cues systematically to regulate the fate of DTCs. Finally, DTCs home to their metastatic site, where they are influenced by various organ-specific aspects of the new microenvironment. We discuss these factors in the context of breast cancer, where about one-third of patients develop metastatic relapse. Finally, we discuss how the standard-of-care options for breast cancer might affect the fate of DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam E. Elkholi
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Corresponding Authors: Jean-François Côté, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal H2W 1R7, Québec, Canada. Phone: 514-987-5647; E-mail: ; and Islam E. Elkholi, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal (QC) Canada, H2W 1R7. Phone: 514-987-5656; E-mail:
| | - Andréane Lalonde
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Corresponding Authors: Jean-François Côté, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal H2W 1R7, Québec, Canada. Phone: 514-987-5647; E-mail: ; and Islam E. Elkholi, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal (QC) Canada, H2W 1R7. Phone: 514-987-5656; E-mail:
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53
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Cavagnero KJ, Gallo RL. Essential immune functions of fibroblasts in innate host defense. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1058862. [PMID: 36591258 PMCID: PMC9797514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The term fibroblast has been used generally to describe spindle-shaped stromal cells of mesenchymal origin that produce extracellular matrix, establish tissue structure, and form scar. Current evidence has found that cells with this morphology are highly heterogeneous with some fibroblastic cells actively participating in both innate and adaptive immune defense. Detailed analysis of barrier tissues such as skin, gut, and lung now show that some fibroblasts directly sense pathogens and other danger signals to elicit host defense functions including antimicrobial activity, leukocyte recruitment, and production of cytokines and lipid mediators relevant to inflammation and immunosuppression. This review will synthesize current literature focused on the innate immune functions performed by fibroblasts at barrier tissues to highlight the previously unappreciated importance of these cells in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard L. Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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54
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Complement and Fungal Dysbiosis as Prognostic Markers and Potential Targets in PDAC Treatment. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9833-9854. [PMID: 36547187 PMCID: PMC9777542 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still hampered by a dismal prognosis. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment within the pancreas and of the factors affecting its composition is of utmost importance for developing new diagnostic and treatment tools. In this context, the complement system plays a prominent role. Not only has it been shown to shape a T cell-mediated immune response, but it also directly affects proliferation and apoptosis of the tumor cells, influencing angiogenesis, metastatic spread and therapeutic resistance. This makes complement proteins appealing not only as early biomarkers of PDAC development, but also as therapeutic targets. Fungal dysbiosis is currently the new kid on the block in tumorigenesis with cancer-associated mycobiomes extracted from several cancer types. For PDAC, colonization with the yeast Malassezia seems to promote cancer progression, already in precursor lesions. One responsible mechanism appears to be complement activation via the lectin pathway. In the present article, we review the role of the complement system in tumorigenesis, presenting observations that propose it as the missing link between fungal dysbiosis and PDAC development. We also present the results of a small pilot study supporting the crucial interplay between the complement system and Malassezia colonization in PDAC pathogenesis.
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55
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Zhao J, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang Z. Biophysical heterogeneity of myeloid-derived microenvironment to regulate resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114585. [PMID: 36273512 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances in immunotherapy for cancer treatment, patients still obtain limited benefits, mostly owing to unrestrained tumour self-expansion and immune evasion that exploits immunoregulatory mechanisms. Traditionally, myeloid cells have a dominantly immunosuppressive role. However, the complicated populations of the myeloid cells and their multilateral interactions with tumour/stromal/lymphoid cells and physical abnormalities in the tumour microenvironment (TME) determine their heterogeneous functions in tumour development and immune response. Tumour-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) include monocytes, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), dendritic cells (DCs), and granulocytes. Single-cell profiling revealed heterogeneous TAMCs composition, sub-types, and transcriptomic signatures across 15 human cancer types. We systematically reviewed the biophysical heterogeneity of TAMC composition and pro/anti-tumoral and immuno-suppressive/stimulating properties of myeloid-derived microenvironments. We also summarised comprehensive clinical strategies to overcome resistance to immunotherapy from three dimensions: targeting TAMCs, reversing physical abnormalities, utilising nanomedicines, and finally, put forward futuristic perspectives for scientific and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yiting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yundi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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56
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Zheng Z, Li P, Shen F, Shi Y, Shao C. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Cancer: from Initiation to Metastasis. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:785-793. [PMID: 36462949 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exist in many tissues and have pleiotropic potential to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Recent research in tumor biology has focused on their low immunogenicity and tumorhoming properties. MSCs promote cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis through several different mechanisms, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and through their interaction with immune cells. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenic role of MSCs in regulating tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis, thus providing a strong rationale for targeting MSCs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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57
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Wu J, Jin Z, Lin J, Fu Y, Wang J, Shen Y. Vessel state and immune infiltration of the angiogenesis subgroup and construction of a prediction model in osteosarcoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:992266. [PMID: 36405691 PMCID: PMC9666676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.992266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis has been recognized as a pivotal contributor to tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) in vessel state, immune infiltration, and prognosis remains unknown in osteosarcoma (OS). Bulk RNA sequencing data of osteosarcoma patients were obtained from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database, and patients were divided into two angiogenesis subgroups according to the expression of ARGs. We compared their vessel state and used two independent algorithms to evaluate the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the two subgroups. Furthermore, hub genes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two subgroups were selected to perform LASSO regression and multivariate Cox stepwise regression, and two prognostic hub genes were found. An ARG_score based on prognostic hub genes was calculated and proved to be reliable in the overall survival prediction in OS patients. Furthermore, the ARG_score was significantly associated with ARGs, immune infiltration, response to immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity. To make our prediction model perform well, clinical features were added and a highly accurate interactive nomogram was constructed. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were utilized to verify the expression of prognostic hub genes. GSE21257 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used as a validation dataset to verify its robustness. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis of angiogenesis subgroups in OS illustrated that angiogenesis may lead to different vessel states and further affect immune infiltration and prognosis of OS patients. Our findings may bring a novel perspective for the immunotherapy strategies for OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yucheng Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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58
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Huo Y, Zhou Y, Zheng J, Jin G, Tao L, Yao H, Zhang J, Sun Y, Liu Y, Hu LP. GJB3 promotes pancreatic cancer liver metastasis by enhancing the polarization and survival of neutrophil. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983116. [PMID: 36341459 PMCID: PMC9627207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexins are membrane expressed proteins, which could assemble into hexamers to transfer metabolites and secondary messengers. However, its roles in pancreatic cancer metastasis remains unknown. In this study, by comparing the gene expression patterns in primary pancreatic cancer patients primary and liver metastasis specimens, we found that Gap Junction Protein Beta 3 (GJB3) significantly increased in Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) liver metastasis. Animal experiments verified that GJB3 depletion suppressed the hepatic metastasis of PDAC cancer cells. Further, GJB3 over expression increased the neutrophil infiltration. Mechanistic study revealed that GJB3 form channels between PDAC tumor cells and accumulated neutrophil, which transfer cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from cancer to neutrophil cells, which supports the survival and polarization. Taken together, our data suggesting that GJB3 could act as a potential therapeutic target of PDAC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmiao Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxin Jin
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongfei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Tang Q, Liang B, Zhang L, Li X, Li H, Jing W, Jiang Y, Zhou F, Zhang J, Meng Y, Yang X, Yang H, Huang G, Zhao J. Enhanced CHOLESTEROL biosynthesis promotes breast cancer metastasis via modulating CCDC25 expression and neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17350. [PMID: 36253427 PMCID: PMC9576744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated to regulate the metastasis of breast cancer. In this study, we showed that de novo cholesterol biosynthesis induced by ASPP2 depletion in mouse breast cancer cell 4T1 and human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 promoted NETs formation in vitro, as well as in lung metastases in mice intravenously injected with ASPP2-deficient 4T1 cells. Simvastatin and berberine (BBR), cholesterol synthesis inhibitors, efficiently blocked ASPP2-depletion induced NETs formation. Cholesterol biosynthesis greatly enhanced Coiled-coil domain containing protein 25 (CCDC25) expression on cancer cells as well as in lung metastases. CCDC25 expression was co-localized with caveolin-1, a lipid raft molecule, and was damped by inhibitor of lipid rafts formation. Our data suggest that cholesterol biosynthesis promotes CCDC25 expression in a lipid raft-dependent manner. Clinically, the expression of CCDC25 was positively correlated with the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAreductase (HMRCG), and citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit), in tissues from breast cancer patients. High expression of CCDC25 and HMGCR was related with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. In conclusion, our study explores a novel mechanism for de novo cholesterol biosynthesis in the regulation of CCDC25 expression, NETs formation and breast cancer metastasis. Targeting cholesterol biosynthesis may be promising therapeutic strategies to treat breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Tang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.39436.3b0000 0001 2323 5732Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Beibei Liang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.39436.3b0000 0001 2323 5732Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xuhui Li
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Hengyu Li
- grid.411525.60000 0004 0369 1599Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Wei Jing
- grid.411525.60000 0004 0369 1599Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yingjie Jiang
- grid.411525.60000 0004 0369 1599Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Felix Zhou
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Jian Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yanchun Meng
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xinhua Yang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.39436.3b0000 0001 2323 5732Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Hao Yang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Gang Huang
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Jian Zhao
- grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, 279Th Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.507037.60000 0004 1764 1277Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China ,grid.39436.3b0000 0001 2323 5732Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
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Chang H, Jin L, Xie P, Zhang B, Yu M, Li H, Liu S, Yan J, Zhou B, Li X, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Ye Q, Guo L. Complement C5 is a novel biomarker for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:2351-2365. [PMID: 36388659 PMCID: PMC9660033 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prominent malignant diseases, with a high incidence and a dismal prognosis. Metastasis to the liver is the leading cause of death in CRC patients. This study aimed to identify accurate metastatic biomarkers of CRC and investigate the potential molecular mechanisms of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (LMCRC). METHODS Three independent datasets were screened and downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GEO2R tool was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRC tissues and liver metastases. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Furthermore, the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of the DEGs were analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database, Cytoscape, and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE). Next, the expression levels and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the target gene between normal colon and CRC tissues were performed by UALCAN. The expression of the target gene in tissues and cell lines was verified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. The impact of the target gene on the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of COAD cells was explored in vitro. RESULTS A total of 92 common DEGs were found in the three independent datasets. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in 14 different pathways. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network revealed that complement 5 (C5), the upstream gene of C8A in the complement system, was associated with C8 and other key hub genes. Meanwhile, the online UALCAN resource showed that C5 was up-regulated and facilitated malignant progression in COAD samples. Next, we confirmed that C5 remarkably increased and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in CRC cell lines, SW620 and SW480. The IHC assay showed C5 was also highly expressed in a majority of LMCRC tissues compared with paired CRC tissues. CONCLUSIONS The findings of our integrated bioinformatics study suggest that complement C5 might serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulin Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiyi Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Mincheng Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China;,Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiuliang Yan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binghai Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Xiao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghai Ye
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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61
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Zheng Z, Xu Y, Shi Y, Shao C. Neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment and their functional modulation by mesenchymal stromal cells. Cell Immunol 2022; 379:104576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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62
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Zhao J, Jin J. Neutrophil extracellular traps: New players in cancer research. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937565. [PMID: 36059520 PMCID: PMC9437524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NETs are chromatin-derived webs extruded from neutrophils as a result of either infection or sterile stimulation using chemicals, cytokines, or microbes. In addition to the classical role that NETs play in innate immunity against infection and injuries, NETs have been implicated extensively in cancer progression, metastatic dissemination, and therapy resistance. The purpose of this review is to describe recent investigations into NETs and the roles they play in tumor biology and to explore their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Changsha Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University/The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Junjie Zhao, ; Jiaqi Jin,
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Junjie Zhao, ; Jiaqi Jin,
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63
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Yan M, Zheng M, Niu R, Yang X, Tian S, Fan L, Li Y, Zhang S. Roles of tumor-associated neutrophils in tumor metastasis and its clinical applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:938289. [PMID: 36060811 PMCID: PMC9428510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.938289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, a primary cause of death in patients with malignancies, is promoted by intrinsic changes in both tumor and non-malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As major components of the TME, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) promote tumor progression and metastasis through communication with multiple growth factors, chemokines, inflammatory factors, and other immune cells, which together establish an immunosuppressive TME. In this review, we describe the potential mechanisms by which TANs participate in tumor metastasis based on recent experimental evidence. We have focused on drugs in chemotherapeutic regimens that target TANs, thereby providing a promising future for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Niu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shifeng Tian
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Shiwu Zhang,
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64
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Neutrophils activated by membrane attack complexes increase the permeability of melanoma blood vessels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122716119. [PMID: 35960843 PMCID: PMC9388087 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122716119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell dissemination is the seed for metastasis and adversely linked to patients’ benefit. Critical for hematogenous dissemination is the entrance of the cancer cell into the circulation, which is regulated by vascular permeability within the primary tumor. Here, we describe pathophysiological communication between endothelial cells, tumor infiltrating neutrophils, and the complement system, with implications for vascular barrier opening and melanoma cell dissemination. Experiments in complement-deficient animals indicate that interference with complement-mediated activation of neutrophils stabilizes blood vessel integrity and abolishes the systemic spread of melanoma cells. The microenvironment of malignant melanomas defines the properties of tumor blood vessels and regulates infiltration and vascular dissemination of immune and cancer cells, respectively. Previous research in other cancer entities suggested the complement system as an essential part of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we confirm activation of the complement system in samples of melanoma patients and murine melanomas. We identified the tumor endothelium as the starting point of the complement cascade. Generation of complement-derived C5a promoted the recruitment of neutrophils. Upon contact with the vascular endothelium, neutrophils were further activated by complement membrane attack complexes (MACs). MAC-activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Close to the blood vessel wall, NETs opened the endothelial barrier as indicated by an enhanced vascular leakage. This facilitated the entrance of melanoma cells into the circulation and their systemic spread. Depletion of neutrophils or lack of MAC formation in complement component 6 (C6)–deficient animals protected the vascular endothelium and prevented vascular intravasation of melanoma cells. Our data suggest that inhibition of MAC-mediated neutrophil activation is a potent strategy to abolish hematogenous dissemination in melanoma.
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65
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Lei R, Zhou M, Zhang S, Luo J, Qu C, Wang Y, Guo P, Huang R. Potential role of PRKCSH in lung cancer: bioinformatics analysis and a case study of Nano ZnO. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:4495-4510. [PMID: 35254362 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08133k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PRKCSH, also known as glucosidase II beta, functions as a contributor to lung tumorigenesis by regulating the cell cycle in a p53-dependent manner under severe environmental stress. However, the prognostic value and molecular mechanisms by which the level of PRKCSH is significantly increased in cancer cells are not clearly understood. Here, we first generated a biological profile of PRKCSH expression changes in cancers by analysing bioinformatic data from cancer databases. We found that higher PRKCSH expression was correlated with a poorer prognosis and greater infiltration of most immune cell types in patients with lung cancer. In particular, PRKCSH expression showed significant negative correlations with the level of STAT6 (r = -0.31, p < 0.001) in lung cancer tissues. We further found that PRKCSH deficiency promoted G2/M arrest in response to zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano ZnO) treatment in A549 cells. With regard to the mechanism, PRKCSH deficiency may induce STAT6 translocation to the nucleus to activate p53 expression through binding to the p53 promoter region from -365 bp to +126 bp. Eventually, activated p53 contributed to Nano-ZnO-induced G2/M arrest in lung cancer cells. Taken together, our data provide new insights into immunotherapy target choices and the prognostic value of PRKCSH. Since the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint is crucial for lung cancer prognosis, targeting PRKCSH expression to suppress the activation of the STAT6/p53 pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy for managing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridan Lei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Can Qu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Peiyu Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
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66
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Dutta K, Friscic J, Hoffmann MH. Targeting the tissue-complosome for curbing inflammatory disease. Semin Immunol 2022; 60:101644. [PMID: 35902311 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivated local tissue is a cardinal feature of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases of various organs such as the joints, the gut, the skin, or the lungs. Tissue-resident structural and stromal cells, which get primed during repeated or long-lasting bouts of inflammation form the basis of this sensitization of the tissue. During priming, cells change their metabolism to make them fit for the heightened energy demands that occur during persistent inflammation. Epigenetic changes and, curiously, an activation of intracellularly expressed parts of the complement system drive this metabolic invigoration and enable tissue-resident cells and infiltrating immune cells to employ an arsenal of inflammatory functions, including activation of inflammasomes. Here we provide a current overview on complement activation and inflammatory transformation in tissue-occupying cells, focusing on fibroblasts during arthritis, and illustrate ways how therapeutics directed at complement C3 could potentially target the complosome to unprime cells in the tissue and induce long-lasting abatement of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuheli Dutta
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jasna Friscic
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus H Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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