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Sergi A, Beltrame L, Marchini S, Masseroli M. Integrated approach to generate artificial samples with low tumor fraction for somatic variant calling benchmarking. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:180. [PMID: 38720249 PMCID: PMC11077792 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has become the gold standard approach for variant analysis in cancer research. However, somatic variants may occur at low fractions due to contamination from normal cells or tumor heterogeneity; this poses a significant challenge for standard HTS analysis pipelines. The problem is exacerbated in scenarios with minimal tumor DNA, such as circulating tumor DNA in plasma. Assessing sensitivity and detection of HTS approaches in such cases is paramount, but time-consuming and expensive: specialized experimental protocols and a sufficient quantity of samples are required for processing and analysis. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new computational approach specifically designed for the generation of artificial datasets suitable for this task, simulating ultra-deep targeted sequencing data with low-fraction variants and demonstrating their effectiveness in benchmarking low-fraction variant calling. RESULTS Our approach enables the generation of artificial raw reads that mimic real data without relying on pre-existing data by using NEAT, a fine-grained read simulator that generates artificial datasets using models learned from multiple different datasets. Then, it incorporates low-fraction variants to simulate somatic mutations in samples with minimal tumor DNA content. To prove the suitability of the created artificial datasets for low-fraction variant calling benchmarking, we used them as ground truth to evaluate the performance of widely-used variant calling algorithms: they allowed us to define tuned parameter values of major variant callers, considerably improving their detection of very low-fraction variants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight both the pivotal role of our approach in creating adequate artificial datasets with low tumor fraction, facilitating rapid prototyping and benchmarking of algorithms for such dataset type, as well as the important need of advancing low-fraction variant calling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Sergi
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Milan, Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Luca Beltrame
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Sergio Marchini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marco Masseroli
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Wong CHM, Ko ICH, Ng CF. Liquid biomarkers in prostate cancer: recent advancements and future directions. Curr Opin Urol 2024:00042307-990000000-00158. [PMID: 38712633 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traditional diagnostic approaches of prostate cancer like PSA are limited by high false-positive rates and insufficient capture of tumour heterogeneity, necessitating the development of more precise tools. This review examines the latest advancements in liquid biomarkers for prostate cancer, focusing on their potential to refine diagnostic accuracy and monitor disease progression. RECENT FINDINGS Liquid biomarkers have gained prominence because of their minimally invasive nature and ability to reflect the molecular characteristics of prostate cancer. Circulating tumour cells provide insight into tumour cell dissemination and are indicative of aggressive disease phenotypes, with single-cell analyses revealing genomic instability and treatment resistance. Circulating tumour DNA offers real-time tumour genomic information, aiding in treatment decision-making in advanced prostate cancer, where it has been associated with clinical progression. MicroRNAs act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors and exhibit diagnostic and prognostic potential; however, their clinical utility is constrained by the lack of consistent validation. Extracellular vesicles contain tumour-derived biomolecules, with specific proteins demonstrating prognostic relevance. Applications of these markers to urinary testing have been demonstrated. SUMMARY Liquid biomarkers show potential in refining prostate cancer management. Future research should aim to integrate these biomarkers into a cohesive framework in line with precision medicine principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Ho-Ming Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Roumeliotou A, Strati A, Chamchougia F, Xagara A, Tserpeli V, Smilkou S, Lagopodi E, Christopoulou A, Kontopodis E, Drositis I, Androulakis N, Georgoulias V, Koinis F, Kotsakis A, Lianidou E, Kallergi G. Comprehensive Analysis of CXCR4, JUNB, and PD-L1 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) from Prostate Cancer Patients. Cells 2024; 13:782. [PMID: 38727318 PMCID: PMC11083423 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
CXCR4, JUNB and PD-L1 are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. The current study investigated these biomarkers in CTCs isolated from metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) patients at the RNA and protein levels. CTCs were isolated from 48 mPCa patients using the Ficoll density gradient and ISET system (17 out of 48). The (CK/PD-L1/CD45) and (CK/CXCR4/JUNB) phenotypes were identified using two triple immunofluorescence stainings followed by VyCAP platform analysis. Molecular analysis was conducted with an EpCAM-dependent method for 25/48 patients. CK-8, CK-18, CK-19, JUNB, CXCR4, PD-L1, and B2M (reference gene) were analyzed with RT-qPCR. The (CK+/PD-L1+/CD45-) and the (CK+/CXCR4+/JUNB+) were the most frequent phenotypes (61.1% and 62.5%, respectively). Furthermore, the (CK+/CXCR4+/JUNB-) phenotype was correlated with poorer progression-free survival [(PFS), HR: 2.5, p = 0.049], while the (CK+/PD-L1+/CD45-) phenotype was linked to decreased overall survival [(OS), HR: 262.7, p = 0.007]. Molecular analysis revealed that 76.0% of the samples were positive for CK-8,18, and 19, while 28.0% were positive for JUNB, 44.0% for CXCR4, and 48.0% for PD-L1. Conclusively, CXCR4, JUNB, and PD-L1 were highly expressed in CTCs from mPCa patients. The CXCR4 protein expression was associated with poorer PFS, while PD-L1 was correlated with decreased OS, providing new biomarkers with potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyro Roumeliotou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry/Metastatic Signaling, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Areti Strati
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (V.T.); (S.S.); (E.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Foteini Chamchougia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry/Metastatic Signaling, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Anastasia Xagara
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.X.); (F.K.); (A.K.)
- Hellenic Oncology Research Group, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Victoria Tserpeli
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (V.T.); (S.S.); (E.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Stavroula Smilkou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (V.T.); (S.S.); (E.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Elina Lagopodi
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (V.T.); (S.S.); (E.L.); (E.L.)
| | | | - Emmanouil Kontopodis
- Department of Oncology, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece; (E.K.); (I.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Ioannis Drositis
- Department of Oncology, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece; (E.K.); (I.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Androulakis
- Department of Oncology, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece; (E.K.); (I.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Hellenic Oncology Research Group, 11526 Athens, Greece;
- First Department of Medical Oncology, Metropolitan General Hospital, 15562 Athens, Greece
| | - Filippos Koinis
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.X.); (F.K.); (A.K.)
- Hellenic Oncology Research Group, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.X.); (F.K.); (A.K.)
- Hellenic Oncology Research Group, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (V.T.); (S.S.); (E.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Galatea Kallergi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry/Metastatic Signaling, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.R.); (F.C.)
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Mastronikolis NS, Delides A, Kyrodimos E, Piperigkou Z, Spyropoulou D, Giotakis E, Tsiambas E, Karamanos NK. Insights into metastatic roadmap of head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma based on clinical, histopathological and molecular profiles. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:597. [PMID: 38683372 PMCID: PMC11058607 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC), constituting approximately one in ten cancer cases worldwide, affects approximately 644,000 individuals annually. Managing this complex disease involves various treatment modalities such as systemic therapy, radiation, and surgery, particularly for patients with locally advanced disease. HNC treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach due to alterations in patients' genomes affecting their functionality. Predominantly, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), the majority of HNCs, arise from the upper aerodigestive tract epithelium. The epidemiology, staging, diagnosis, and management techniques of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), encompassing clinical, image-based, histopathological and molecular profiling, have been extensively reviewed. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a well-known predictive factor for HNSCC that initiates metastasis and significantly impacts HNSCC prognosis. Distant metastasis (DM) in HNSCC has been correlated to aberrant expression of cancer cell-derived cytokines and growth factors triggering abnormal activation of several signaling pathways that boost cancer cell aggressiveness. Recent advances in genetic profiling, understanding tumor microenvironment, oligometastatic disease, and immunotherapy have revolutionized treatment strategies and disease control. Future research may leverage genomics and proteomics to identify biomarkers aiding individualized HNSCC treatment. Understanding the molecular basis, genetic landscape, atypical signaling pathways, and tumor microenvironment have enhanced the comprehension of HNSCC molecular etiology. This critical review sheds light on regional and distant metastases in HNSCC, presenting major clinical and laboratory features, predictive biomarkers, and available therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece.
| | - Alexander Delides
- 2nd Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Rimini 1, Athens, 12462, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Evangelos Giotakis
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
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Kotsifaki A, Maroulaki S, Armakolas A. Exploring the Immunological Profile in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Prognosis through Circulating Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4832. [PMID: 38732051 PMCID: PMC11084220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate immunological landscape of breast cancer (BC), focusing on recent advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Positioned within the broader context of BC research, it underscores the pivotal role of the immune system in shaping the disease's progression. The primary objective of this investigation is to synthesize current knowledge on the immunological aspects of BC, with a particular emphasis on the diagnostic and prognostic potential offered by CTCs. This review adopts a thorough examination of the relevant literature, incorporating recent breakthroughs in the field. The methodology section succinctly outlines the approach, with a specific focus on CTC analysis and its implications for BC diagnosis and prognosis. Through this review, insights into the dynamic interplay between the immune system and BC are highlighted, with a specific emphasis on the role of CTCs in advancing diagnostic methodologies and refining prognostic assessments. Furthermore, this review presents objective and substantiated results, contributing to a deeper understanding of the immunological complexity in BC. In conclusion, this investigation underscores the significance of exploring the immunological profile of BC patients, providing valuable insights into novel advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the utilization of CTCs. The objective presentation of findings emphasizes the crucial role of the immune system in BC dynamics, thereby opening avenues for enhanced clinical management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (S.M.)
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56
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Kinane DF, Gabert J, Xynopoulos G, Guzeldemir-Akcakanat E. Strategic approaches in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnostics using liquid biopsy. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38676371 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a noninvasive diagnostic technique used for monitoring cancer utilizing specific genetic biomarkers present in bodily fluids, such as blood, saliva, or urine. These analyses employ multiple biomolecular sources including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and exosomes (that contain DNA fragments) to detect genetic biomarkers that can predict, disclose, and/or monitor cancers. Levels of these biomarkers can inform on the presence of cancer, its genetic characteristics, and its potential treatment response and also provide predictive genetic predisposition information for specific cancers including oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Liquid biopsies can aid cancer management as they offer real-time dynamic information on the response to say chemotherapy or radiotherapy and recurrence following surgical excision. Unlike traditional tissue biopsies, which are invasive with a degree of morbidity and require specific tumor location sampling, liquid biopsies are noninvasive and can be repeated frequently. For oral squamous cell carcinoma, on which this review focuses, liquid biopsy of blood or saliva can be valuable in predicting susceptibility, providing early detection, and monitoring the disease's progression and response to therapy. This review gives a general narrative overview of the technology, its current medical usage, and advantages and disadvantages compared with current techniques and discusses a range of current potential biomarkers for disclosing OSCC and predicting its risk. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is all too often detected in the late stages. In future, liquid biopsy may provide an effective screening process such that cancers including OSCC will be detected in the early stages rather than later when prognosis is poor and morbidity and debilitation are greater. In this screening process, periodontists and hygienists have a critical role in that they are adept in examining mucosa, they see patients with shared risk factors for periodontitis and OSCC, namely smoking and poor oral hygiene, and they see patients frequently such that OSCC examinations should be a routine part of the recall visit. With this additional screening manpower, oral medicine and oral surgery colleagues will detect OSCC earlier and this coupled with new techniques such as liquid biopsy may greatly decrease global morbidity in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis F Kinane
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- ExpressTest, Cignpost Diagnostics Ltd., Farnborough, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Esra Guzeldemir-Akcakanat
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, İzmit, Turkey
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Qatar, Qatar
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Fischer RA, Ryan I, De La Torre K, Barnett C, Sehgal VS, Levy JB, Luke JJ, Poklepovic AS, Hurlbert MS. US physician perspective on the use of biomarker and ctDNA testing in patients with melanoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104289. [PMID: 38341119 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
New treatments have increased survival of patients with melanoma, and methods to monitor patients throughout the disease process are needed. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a predictive and prognostic biomarker that may allow routine, real-time monitoring of disease status. We surveyed 44 US physicians to understand their preferences and practice patterns for biomarker and ctDNA testing in their patients with melanoma. Tumor biomarker testing was often ordered in stage IIIA-IV patients. Barriers to biomarker testing include insufficient tissue (60%) and lack of insurance coverage (54%). ctDNA testing was ordered by 16-18% of physicians for stages II-IV. Reasons for not using ctDNA testing included lack of prospective data (41%), ctDNA testing used for research only (18%), and others. Physicians (≥74%) believed that ctDNA assays could help with monitoring and treatment selection throughout the disease process. Physicians consider ctDNA testing potentially valuable for clinical decision-making but cited concerns that should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Fischer
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Isabel Ryan
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | | | - Cody Barnett
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Viren S Sehgal
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Joan B Levy
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Jason J Luke
- Cancer Immunotherapeutics Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Andrew S Poklepovic
- Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Massey Cancer Center, 401 College Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0037, USA
| | - Marc S Hurlbert
- Melanoma Research Alliance, 730 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
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Tian X, Liu X, Wang K, Wang R, Li Y, Qian K, Wang T, Zhao X, Liu L, Zhang PL, Xiong Y, Rui J, Chen R, Zhang Y. Postoperative ctDNA in indicating the recurrence risk and monitoring the effect of adjuvant therapy in surgical non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:797-807. [PMID: 38409945 PMCID: PMC10995713 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential novel biomarker to predict molecular residual disease (MRD) in lung cancer after definitive treatment. Herein, we investigated the value of ctDNA in prognosing risk of relapse and monitoring the effect of adjuvant therapy in surgical non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We enrolled 58 NSCLC patients in a real-world setting, and 58 tumor tissues and 325 plasma samples were analyzed. Tumor tissues and plasma samples were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 1021 cancer-related and ultra-deep targeted NGS covering 338 genes, respectively. RESULTS ctDNA was detected in 31.0% of cases at the first postoperative time, which was associated with advanced tumor stage, T stage and KEAP1 or GRIN2A mutations in tissues. ctDNA positivity at landmark and longitudinal indicated the shorter disease-free survival. For patients with ctDNA positivity at the first postoperative time, regardless of adjuvant therapy, all patients who were persistently ctDNA positive during postoperative surveillance had disease recurrence. Among the patients who were ctDNA negative, only two patients (15.4%, 2/13) receiving adjuvant therapy relapsed, while one patient (50.0%, 1/2) without adjuvant therapy relapsed. For the first postoperative ctDNA negative patients, the recurrence rate of patients with adjuvant therapy was and higher than without adjuvant therapy (22.6% [7/31] vs. 11.1% [1/9]). The patients who became ctDNA positive may also benefit from intervention therapy. CONCLUSION Postoperative ctDNA is a prognostic marker, and ctDNA-detection may facilitate personalized adjuvant therapy, and applying adjuvant therapy to the patients with detectable ctDNA could bring clinical benefits for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Tian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xingsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Medical CenterGeneplus‐BeijingBeijingChina
| | - Ruotian Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tengteng Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Pei Long Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Jinqiu Rui
- Medical CenterGeneplus‐BeijingBeijingChina
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Ewongwo A, Hui C, Moding EJ. Opportunity in Complexity: Harnessing Molecular Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsies for Personalized Sarcoma Care. Semin Radiat Oncol 2024; 34:195-206. [PMID: 38508784 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to their rarity and complexity, sarcomas represent a substantial therapeutic challenge. However, the incredible diversity within and across sarcoma subtypes presents an opportunity for personalized care to maximize efficacy and limit toxicity. A deeper understanding of the molecular alterations that drive sarcoma development and treatment response has paved the way for molecular biomarkers to shape sarcoma treatment. Genetic, transcriptomic, and protein biomarkers have become critical tools for diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment selection in patients with sarcomas. In the future, emerging biomarkers like circulating tumor DNA analysis offer the potential to improve early detection, monitoring response to treatment, and identifying mechanisms of resistance to personalize sarcoma treatment. Here, we review the current state of molecular biomarkers for sarcomas and highlight opportunities and challenges for the implementation of new technologies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Ewongwo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Caressa Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Everett J Moding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA..
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Allen TA. The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells as a Liquid Biopsy for Cancer: Advances, Biology, Technical Challenges, and Clinical Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1377. [PMID: 38611055 PMCID: PMC11010957 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with metastasis significantly contributing to its lethality. The metastatic spread of tumor cells, primarily through the bloodstream, underscores the importance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in oncological research. As a critical component of liquid biopsies, CTCs offer a non-invasive and dynamic window into tumor biology, providing invaluable insights into cancer dissemination, disease progression, and response to treatment. This review article delves into the recent advancements in CTC research, highlighting their emerging role as a biomarker in various cancer types. We explore the latest technologies and methods for CTC isolation and detection, alongside novel approaches to characterizing their biology through genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenetic profiling. Additionally, we examine the clinical implementation of these findings, assessing how CTCs are transforming the landscape of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and management. By offering a comprehensive overview of current developments and potential future directions, this review underscores the significance of CTCs in enhancing our understanding of cancer and in shaping personalized therapeutic strategies, particularly for patients with metastatic disease.
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Scaini MC, Catoni C, Poggiana C, Pigozzo J, Piccin L, Leone K, Scarabello I, Facchinetti A, Menin C, Elefanti L, Pellegrini S, Aleotti V, Vidotto R, Schiavi F, Fabozzi A, Chiarion-Sileni V, Rosato A. A multiparameter liquid biopsy approach allows to track melanoma dynamics and identify early treatment resistance. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:78. [PMID: 38548846 PMCID: PMC10978909 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma heterogeneity is a hurdle in metastatic disease management. Although the advent of targeted therapy has significantly improved patient outcomes, the occurrence of resistance makes monitoring of the tumor genetic landscape mandatory. Liquid biopsy could represent an important biomarker for the real-time tracing of disease evolution. Thus, we aimed to correlate liquid biopsy dynamics with treatment response and progression by devising a multiplatform approach applied to longitudinal melanoma patient monitoring. We conceived an approach that exploits Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and droplet digital PCR, as well as the FDA-cleared platform CellSearch, to analyze circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) trend and circulating melanoma cell (CMC) count, together with their customized genetic and copy number variation analysis. The approach was applied to 17 stage IV melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors, followed for up to 28 months. BRAF mutations were detected in the plasma of 82% of patients. Single nucleotide variants known or suspected to confer resistance were identified in 70% of patients. Moreover, the amount of ctDNA, both at baseline and during response, correlated with the type and duration of the response itself, and the CMC count was confirmed to be a prognostic biomarker. This work provides proof of principle of the power of this approach and paves the way for a validation study aimed at evaluating early ctDNA-guided treatment decisions in stage IV melanoma. The NGS-based molecular profile complemented the analysis of ctDNA trend and, together with CMC analysis, revealed to be useful in capturing tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Scaini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - Cristina Catoni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Poggiana
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Pigozzo
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Luisa Piccin
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Kevin Leone
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Scarabello
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Facchinetti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Oncology Section, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Menin
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Lisa Elefanti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Pellegrini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Aleotti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vidotto
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Schiavi
- Familial Cancer Clinic, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessio Fabozzi
- Oncology Unit 3, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Oncology Section, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Liao Q, Zhang R, Ou Z, Ye Y, Zeng Q, Wang Y, Wang A, Chen T, Chai C, Guo B. TROP2 is highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer CTCs and is a potential marker for epithelial mesenchymal CTCs. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200762. [PMID: 38596285 PMCID: PMC10869581 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the seeds of distant metastases of malignant tumors and are associated with malignancy and risk of metastasis. However, tumor cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during metastasis, leading to the emergence of different types of CTCs. Real-time dynamic molecular and functional typing of CTCs is necessary to precisely guide personalized treatment. Most CTC detection systems are based on epithelial markers that may fail to detect EMT CTCs. Therefore, it is clinically important to identify new markers of different CTC types. In this study, bioinformatics analysis and experimental assays showed that trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2), a target molecule for advanced palliative treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), was highly expressed in TNBC tissues and tumor cells. Furthermore, TROP2 can promote the migration and invasion of TNBC cells by upregulating EMT markers. The specificity and potential of TROP2 as an EMT-associated marker of TNBC CTCs were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, spiking experiments, and a well-established CTC assay. The results indicated that TROP2 is a potential novel CTC marker associated with EMT, providing a basis for more efficacious markers that encompass CTC heterogeneity in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zuli Ou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yange Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing100190, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chengsen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bianqin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 40030, China
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63
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Conforti F, Pala L, De Pas T, Zattarin E, Catania C, Cocorocchio E, Rossi G, Laszlo D, Colleoni M, Zambelli A, Hortobagyi GN, Cortes J, Piccart MJ, Dowsett M, Gelber RD, Viale G. Fine-Tuning Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: An Expert Consensus on Open Issues for Future Research. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1093-1103. [PMID: 37906083 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
After decades of research, improving the efficacy of adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) for early-stage breast cancer becomes increasingly difficult. Beyond technological breakthroughs and the availability of new classes of drugs, further improvement of adjuvant ET will require applying a rigorous research approach in poorly investigated areas. We critically discuss some key principles that should inform future research to improve ET efficacy, including identifying specific subgroups of patients who can benefit from escalating or de-escalating approaches, optimizing available and new treatment strategies for different clinical contexts, and dissecting the direct and indirect biological effects of therapeutic interventions. Four main issues regarding adjuvant ET were identified as relevant areas, where a better application of such principles can provide positive results in the near future: (i) tailoring the optimal duration of adjuvant ET, (ii) optimizing ovarian function suppression for premenopausal women, (iii) dissecting the biological effects of estrogen receptor manipulation, and (iv) refining the selection of patients to candidate for treatments escalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Conforti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Pala
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tommaso De Pas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Chiara Catania
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Emilia Cocorocchio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Rossi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniele Laszlo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco Colleoni
- Division of Medical Senology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas Cancer Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Javier Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center, Pangaea Oncology, Quironsalud Group, Madrid and Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine J Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mitch Dowsett
- Breast Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard D Gelber
- Department of Data Science, Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Frontier Science Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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64
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Kong XX, Xu JS, Hu YT, Jiao YR, Chen S, Yu CX, Dai SQ, Gao ZB, Hao XR, Li J, Ding KF. Circulation immune cell landscape in canonical pathogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma by CyTOF analysis. iScience 2024; 27:109229. [PMID: 38455977 PMCID: PMC10918214 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Current studies on the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) were mostly limited to the tissue level, lacking relevant studies in the peripheral blood, and failed to describe its alterations in the whole process of adenocarcinoma formation, especially of adenoma carcinogenesis. Here, we constructed a large-scale population cohort and used the CyTOF to explore the changes of various immune cell subsets in peripheral blood of CRC. We found monocytes and basophils cells were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma patients. Compared with early-stage CRC, effector CD4+T cells and naive B cells were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis, whereas the basophils were lower. We also performed random forest algorithm and found monocytes play the key role in carcinogenesis. Our study draws a peripheral blood immune cell landscape of the occurrence and development of CRC at the single-cell level and provides a reference for other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xing Kong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye-Ting Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Rong Jiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng-Xuan Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Qi Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zong-Bao Gao
- Zhejiang Puluoting Health Tech CO. LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Ran Hao
- Zhejiang Puluoting Health Tech CO. LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Feng Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for CANCER, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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65
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Wever BMM, Steenbergen RDM. Unlocking the potential of tumor-derived DNA in urine for cancer detection: methodological challenges and opportunities. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38462745 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
High cancer mortality rates and the rising cancer burden worldwide drive the development of innovative methods in order to advance cancer diagnostics. Urine contains a viable source of tumor material and allows for self-collection from home. Biomarker testing in this liquid biopsy represents a novel approach that is convenient for patients and can be effective in detecting cancer at a curable stage. Here, we set out to provide a detailed overview of the rationale behind urine-based cancer detection, with a focus on non-urological cancers, and its potential for cancer diagnostics. Moreover, evolving methodological challenges and untapped opportunities for urine biomarker testing are discussed, particularly emphasizing DNA methylation of tumor-derived cell-free DNA. We also provide future recommendations for technical advancements in urine-based cancer detection and elaborate on potential mechanisms involved in the transrenal transport of cell-free DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M M Wever
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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66
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Hu R, Lan J, Zhang D, Shen W. Nanotherapeutics for prostate cancer treatment: A comprehensive review. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122469. [PMID: 38244344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent solid organ malignancy and seriously affects male health. The adverse effects of prostate cancer therapeutics can cause secondary damage to patients. Nanotherapeutics, which have special targeting abilities and controlled therapeutic release profiles, may serve as alternative agents for PCa treatment. At present, many nanotherapeutics have been developed to treat PCa and have shown better treatment effects in animals than traditional therapeutics. Although PCa nanotherapeutics are highly attractive, few successful cases have been reported in clinical practice. To help researchers design valuable nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment and avoid useless efforts, herein, we first reviewed the strategies and challenges involved in prostate cancer treatment. Subsequently, we presented a comprehensive review of nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment, including their targeting methods, controlled release strategies, therapeutic approaches and mechanisms. Finally, we proposed the future prospects of nanotherapeutics for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Hu
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jin Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Dinglin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Wenhao Shen
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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67
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Marra A, Chandarlapaty S, Modi S. Management of patients with advanced-stage HER2-positive breast cancer: current evidence and future perspectives. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:185-202. [PMID: 38191924 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Amplification and/or overexpression of ERBB2, the gene encoding HER2, can be found in 15-20% of invasive breast cancers and is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor clinical outcomes. Relentless research efforts in molecular biology and drug development have led to the implementation of several HER2-targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates, constituting one of the best examples of bench-to-bedside translation in oncology. Each individual drug class has improved patient outcomes and, importantly, the combinatorial and sequential use of different HER2-targeted therapies has increased cure rates in the early stage disease setting and substantially prolonged survival for patients with advanced-stage disease. In this Review, we describe key steps in the development of the modern paradigm for the treatment of HER2-positive advanced-stage breast cancer, including selecting and sequencing new-generation HER2-targeted therapies, and summarize efficacy and safety outcomes from pivotal studies. We then outline the factors that are currently known to be related to resistance to HER2-targeted therapies, such as HER2 intratumoural heterogeneity, activation of alternative signalling pathways and immune escape mechanisms, as well as potential strategies that might be used in the future to overcome this resistance and further improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marra
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shanu Modi
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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68
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Valcz G, Buzás EI, Gatenby RA, Újvári B, Molnár B. Small extracellular vesicles from surviving cancer cells as multiparametric monitoring tools of measurable residual disease and therapeutic efficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189088. [PMID: 38387823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Although conventional anti-cancer therapies remove most cells of the tumor mass, small surviving populations may evolve adaptive resistance strategies, which lead to treatment failure. The size of the resistant population initially may not reach the threshold of clinical detection (designated as measurable residual disease/MRD) thus, its investigation requires highly sensitive and specific methods. Here, we discuss that the specific molecular fingerprint of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) is suitable for longitudinal monitoring of MRD. Furthermore, we present a concept that exploiting the multiparametric nature of sEVs may help early detection of recurrence and the design of dynamic, evolution-adjusted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Valcz
- HUN-REN-SU Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Image Analysis, 3DHISTECH Ltd, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Edit I Buzás
- HUN-REN-SU Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Extracellular Vesicles Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert A Gatenby
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Beáta Újvári
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Béla Molnár
- Department of Image Analysis, 3DHISTECH Ltd, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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69
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Ghose A, McCann L, Makker S, Mukherjee U, Gullapalli SVN, Erekkath J, Shih S, Mahajan I, Sanchez E, Uccello M, Moschetta M, Adeleke S, Boussios S. Diagnostic biomarkers in ovarian cancer: advances beyond CA125 and HE4. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241233225. [PMID: 38435431 PMCID: PMC10908239 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241233225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynaecologic malignancy, attributed to its insidious growth, non-specific symptoms and late presentation. Unfortunately, current screening modalities are inadequate at detecting OC and many lack the appropriate specificity and sensitivity that is desired from a screening test. Nearly 70% of cases are diagnosed at stage III or IV with poor 5-year overall survival. Therefore, the development of a sensitive and specific biomarker for early diagnosis and screening for OC is of utmost importance. Currently, diagnosis is guided by CA125, the patient's menopausal status and imaging features on ultrasound scan. However, emerging evidence suggests that a combination of CA125 and HE4 (another serum biomarker) and patient characteristics in a multivariate index assay may provide a higher specificity and sensitivity than either CA125 and HE4 alone in the early detection of OC. Other attempts at combining various serum biomarkers into one multivariate index assay such as OVA1, ROMA and Overa have all shown promise. However, significant barriers exist before these biomarkers can be implemented in clinical practice. This article aims to provide an up-to-date review of potential biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis of OC which may have the potential to transform its diagnostic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lucy McCann
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shania Makker
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Uma Mukherjee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Jayaraj Erekkath
- Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Stephanie Shih
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ishika Mahajan
- Department of Acute Medicine, Lincoln County Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Apollo Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
| | - Mario Uccello
- Department of Medical Oncology, Southampton General Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Sola Adeleke
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cancer Centre at Guy’s, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
- AELIA Organization, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
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70
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Kong H, Yi K, Mintz RL, Wang B, Xu Y, Lao YH, Tao Y, Li M. CRISPR/Cas detection with nanodevices: moving deeper into liquid biopsy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2301-2319. [PMID: 38251733 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05375j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The emerging field of liquid biopsy has garnered significant interest in precision diagnostics, offering a non-invasive and repetitive method for analyzing bodily fluids to procure real-time diagnostic data. The precision and accuracy offered by the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) technology have advanced and broadened the applications of liquid biopsy. Significantly, when combined with swiftly advancing nanotechnology, CRISPR/Cas-mediated nanodevices show vast potential in precise liquid biopsy applications. However, persistent challenges are still associated with off-target effects, and the current platforms also constrain the performance of the assays. In this review, we highlight the merits of CRISPR/Cas systems in liquid biopsy, tracing the development of CRISPR/Cas systems and their current applications in disease diagnosis particularly in liquid biopsies. We also outline ongoing efforts to design nanoscale devices with improved sensing and readout capabilities, aiming to enhance the performance of CRISPR/Cas detectors in liquid biopsy. Finally, we identify the critical obstacles hindering the widespread adoption of CRISPR/Cas liquid biopsy and explore potential solutions. This feature article presents a comprehensive overview of CRISPR/Cas-mediated liquid biopsies, emphasizing the progress in integrating nanodevices to improve specificity and sensitivity. It also sheds light on future research directions in employing nanodevices for CRISPR/Cas-based liquid biopsies in the realm of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Kong
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Ke Yi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Rachel L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yanteng Xu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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71
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Nordengen AL, Kværner AS, Krutto A, Alavi DT, Henriksen HB, Henriksen C, Raastad T, Smeland S, Bøhn SK, Shaposhnikov S, Collins AR, Blomhoff R. DNA base oxidation in relation to TNM stages and chemotherapy treatment in colorectal cancer patients 2-9 months post-surgery. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:174-185. [PMID: 38141887 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of DNA damage is a critical feature of genomic instability, which is a hallmark of various cancers. The enzyme-modified comet assay is a recognized method to detect specific DNA lesions at the level of individual cells. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explore possible links between clinicopathological and treatment related factors, nutritional status, physical activity and function, and DNA damage in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with non-metastatic disease. Levels of DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) assessed 2-9 months post-surgery, were compared across tumour stage (localized (stage I-II) vs. regional (stage III) disease), localization (colon vs. rectosigmoid/rectum cancer), and adjuvant chemotherapy usage, with the last dosage administrated 2-191 days prior to sampling. Associations between DNA damage and indicators of nutritional status, physical activity and function were also explored. In PBMCs, DNA base oxidation was higher in patients diagnosed with regional compared with localized tumours (P = 0.03), but no difference was seen for DNA strand breaks (P > 0.05). Number of days since last chemotherapy dosage was negatively associated with DNA base oxidation (P < 0.01), and patients recently receiving chemotherapy (<15 days before blood collection) had higher levels of DNA base oxidation than those not receiving chemotherapy (P = 0.03). In the chemotherapy group, higher fat mass (in kg and %) as well as lower physical activity were associated with greater DNA base oxidation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DNA base oxidation measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay varies according to tumour and lifestyle related factors in CRC patients treated for non-metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lene Nordengen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Norgenotech AS, Oslo Cancer Cluster Incubator, Oslo, Norway; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Ane S Kværner
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika Krutto
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dena T Alavi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege B Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Norway
| | - Sigbjørn Smeland
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv K Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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72
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Lyskjær I, Iisager L, Axelsen CT, Nielsen TK, Dyrskjøt L, Fristrup N. Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Promising Biomarkers and the Challenges to Reach the Clinic. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:663-672. [PMID: 37874628 PMCID: PMC10870122 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing worldwide, yet research within this field is lagging behind other cancers. Despite increased detection of early disease as a consequence of the widespread use of diagnostic CT scans, 25% of patients have disseminated disease at diagnosis. Similarly, around 25% progress to metastatic disease following curatively intended surgery. Surgery is the cornerstone in the treatment of RCC; however, when the disease is disseminated, immunotherapy or immunotherapy in combination with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor is the patient's best option. Immunotherapy is a potent treatment, with durable treatment responses and potential to cure the patient, but only half of the patients benefit from the administered treatment, and there are currently no methods that can identify which patients will respond to immunotherapy. Moreover, there is a need to identify the patients in greatest risk of relapsing after surgery for localized disease and direct adjuvant treatment there. Even though several molecular biomarkers have been published to date, we are still lacking routinely used biomarkers to guide optimal clinical management. The purpose of this review is to highlight some of the most promising biomarkers, discuss the efforts made within this field to date, and describe the barriers needed to be overcome to have reliable and robust predictive and prognostic biomarkers in the clinic for renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben Lyskjær
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laura Iisager
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars Dyrskjøt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Fristrup
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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73
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Alqualo NO, Campos-Fernandez E, Picolo BU, Ferreira EL, Henriques LM, Lorenti S, Moreira DC, Simião MPS, Oliveira LBT, Alonso-Goulart V. Molecular biomarkers in prostate cancer tumorigenesis and clinical relevance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 194:104232. [PMID: 38101717 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent type of cancer in men and assessing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) by liquid biopsy is a promising tool to help in cancer early detection, staging, risk of recurrence evaluation, treatment prediction and monitoring. Blood-based liquid biopsy approaches enable the enrichment, detection and characterization of CTCs by biomarker analysis. Hence, comprehending the molecular markers, their role on each stage of cancer development and progression is essential to provide information that can help in future implementation of these biomarkers in clinical assistance. In this review, we studied the molecular markers most associated with PCa CTCs to better understand their function on tumorigenesis and metastatic cascade, the methodologies utilized to analyze these biomarkers and their clinical significance, in order to summarize the available information to guide researchers in their investigations, new hypothesis formulation and target choice for the development of new diagnostic and treatment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Oliveira Alqualo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Esther Campos-Fernandez
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Bianca Uliana Picolo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle Lorrayne Ferreira
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Laila Machado Henriques
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Lorenti
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Danilo Caixeta Moreira
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Silva Simião
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luciana Beatriz Tiago Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Vivian Alonso-Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
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Della Corte L, Russo G, Pepe F, Pisapia P, Dell'Aquila M, Malapelle U, Troncone G, Bifulco G, Giampaolino P. The role of liquid biopsy in epithelial ovarian cancer: State of the art. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 194:104263. [PMID: 38218208 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical implementation of liquid biopsy has dramatically modified the analytical paradigm for several solid tumors. To date, however, only circulating free DNA (cfDNA) has been approved in clinical practice to select targeted treatments for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and breast cancer (BC). Interestingly, emerging liquid biopsy analytes in peripheral blood, including circulating tumor cells (CTC), miRNA, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been shown to play a crucial role in the clinical management of solid tumor patients. Here, we review how these blood-based biomarkers may positively impact early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response in ovarian cancer (OC) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Russo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Francesco Pepe
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Pasquale Pisapia
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Michela Dell'Aquila
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy.
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (NA), Italy
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75
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Du S, Cao K, Yan Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Lin D. Developments and current status of cell-free DNA in the early detection and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:231-244. [PMID: 37990622 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a major threat to human health globally, with a disappointing prognosis. Regular monitoring of patients at high risk, utilizing abdominal ultrasonography combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) serum analysis, enables the early detection of potentially treatable tumors. However, the approach has limitations due to its lack of sensitivity. Meanwhile, the current standard procedure for obtaining a tumor biopsy in cases of HCC is invasive and lacks the ability to assess the dynamic progression of cancer or account for tumor heterogeneity. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop non-invasive, highly sensitive biomarkers for HCC which can improve the accuracy of early diagnosis, assess treatment response and accurately predict the prognosis. In contrast to the conventional method of tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy offers a non-invasive approach that can be readily repeated. As a liquid biopsy approach, the analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) offers real-time insights that can accurately portray the tumor burden and provide a comprehensive depiction of the genetic profile associated with HCC. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the recent research findings pertaining to the significance and potential practicality of cfDNA analysis in the early detection and effective management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Du
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenshun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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76
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Tran HT, Heeke S, Sujit S, Vokes N, Zhang J, Aminu M, Lam VK, Vaporciyan A, Swisher SG, Godoy MCB, Cascone T, Sepesi B, Gibbons DL, Wu J, Heymach JV. Circulating tumor DNA and radiological tumor volume identify patients at risk for relapse with resected, early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:183-189. [PMID: 37992871 PMCID: PMC11233158 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting relapse and overall survival (OS) in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remains challenging. Therefore, we hypothesized that detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can identify patients with increased risk of relapse and that integrating radiological tumor volume measurement along with ctDNA detectability improves prediction of outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed 366 serial plasma samples from 85 patients who underwent surgical resections and assessed ctDNA using a next-generation sequencing liquid biopsy assay, and measured tumor volume using a computed tomography-based three-dimensional annotation. RESULTS Our results showed that patients with detectable ctDNA at baseline or after treatment and patients who did not clear ctDNA after treatment had a significantly worse clinical outcome. Integrating radiological analysis allowed the stratification in risk groups prognostic of clinical outcome as confirmed in an independent cohort of 32 patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest ctDNA and radiological monitoring could be valuable tools for guiding follow-up care and treatment decisions for early-stage NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Tran
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - S Heeke
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - S Sujit
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - N Vokes
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - M Aminu
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - V K Lam
- Department of Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore
| | - A Vaporciyan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
| | - S G Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
| | - M C B Godoy
- Department of Thoracic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - T Cascone
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - B Sepesi
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - D L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology
| | - J Wu
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology; Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - J V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology.
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77
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Anitha K, Posinasetty B, Naveen Kumari K, Chenchula S, Padmavathi R, Prakash S, Radhika C. Liquid biopsy for precision diagnostics and therapeutics. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117746. [PMID: 38151071 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy (LB) has emerged as a highly promising and non-invasive diagnostic approach, particularly in the field of oncology, and has garnered interest in various medical disciplines. This technique involves the examination of biomolecules released into physiological fluids, such as urine samples, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The analysed biomolecules included circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumour cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), exosomes, and other cell-free components. In contrast to conventional tissue biopsies, LB provides minimally invasive diagnostics, offering invaluable insights into tumor characteristics, treatment response, and early disease detection. This Review explores the contemporary landscape of technologies and clinical applications in the realm of LB, with a particular emphasis on the isolation and analysis of ctDNA and/or cfDNA. Various methodologies have been employed, including droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (DDP), BEAMing (beads, emulsion, amplification, and magnetics), TAm-Seq (tagged-amplicon deep sequencing), CAPP-Seq (cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing), WGBS-Seq (whole genome bisulfite sequencing), WES (whole exome sequencing), and WGS (whole-genome sequencing). Additionally, CTCs have been successfully isolated through biomarker-based cell capture, employing both positive and negative enrichment strategies based on diverse biophysical and other inherent properties. This approach also addresses challenges and limitations associated with liquid biopsy techniques, such as sensitivity, specificity, standardization and interpretability of findings. This review seeks to identify the current technologies used in liquid biopsy samples, emphasizing their significance in identifying tumor markers for cancer detection, prognosis, and treatment outcome monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuttiappan Anitha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management (SPTM), SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | | | - K Naveen Kumari
- Sri Krishna Teja Pharmacy College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India
| | | | - R Padmavathi
- SVS Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Satya Prakash
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal 462020, India
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Prabhu KS, Sadida HQ, Kuttikrishnan S, Junejo K, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Beyond genetics: Exploring the role of epigenetic alterations in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155174. [PMID: 38306863 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a major global health challenge. Its rising incidence is attributed to factors such as delayed diagnosis, the complexity of its subtypes, and increasing drug resistance, all contributing to less-than-ideal patient outcomes. Central to the progression of breast cancer are epigenetic aberrations, which significantly contribute to drug resistance and the emergence of cancer stem cell traits. These include alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the expression of non-coding RNAs. Understanding these epigenetic changes is crucial for developing advanced breast cancer management strategies despite their complexity. Investigating these epigenetic modifications offers the potential for novel diagnostic markers, more accurate prognostic indicators, and the identification of reliable predictors of treatment response. This could lead to the development of new targeted therapies. However, this requires sustained, focused research efforts to navigate the challenges of understanding breast cancer carcinogenesis and its epigenetic underpinnings. A deeper understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer can revolutionize personalized medicine. This could lead to significant improvements in patient care, including early detection, precise disease stratification, and more effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Kulsoom Junejo
- General Surgery Department, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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79
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Wang M, Wang M, Xu Y. The Role of Breast Cancer Cells in Bone Metastasis: Suitable Seeds for Nourishing Soil. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:28-43. [PMID: 38206556 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to describe the characteristics of breast cancer cells prone to developing bone metastasis and determine how they are regulated by the bone microenvironment. RECENT FINDINGS The bone is a site of frequent breast cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis accounts for 70% of advanced breast cancer cases and remains incurable. It can lead to skeletal-related events, such as bone fracture and pain, and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Breast cancer cells escape from the primary lesion and spread to the bone marrow in the early stages. They can then enter the dormant state and restore tumourigenicity after several years to develop overt metastasis. In the last few years, an increasing number of studies have reported on the factors promoting bone metastasis of breast cancer cells, both at the primary and metastatic sites. Identifying factors associated with bone metastasis aids in the early recognition of bone metastasis tendency. How to target these factors and minimize the side effects on the bone remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiou Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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80
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Guerra CE, Sharma PV, Castillo BS. Multi-Cancer Early Detection: The New Frontier in Cancer Early Detection. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:67-81. [PMID: 37729031 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The new generation of cancer early detection tests holds remarkable promise for revolutionizing and changing the paradigm of cancer early detection. Dozens of cancer early detection tests are being developed and evaluated. Some are already commercialized and available for use, most as a complement to and not in place of existing recommended cancer screening tests. This review evaluates existing single- and multi-cancer early detection tests (MCEDs), discussing their performance characteristics including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy. It also critically looks at the potential harms that could result from these tests, including false positive and negative results, the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment, psychological and economic harms, and the risk of widening cancer inequities. We also review the large-scale, population-based studies that are being launched in the United States and United Kingdom to determine the impact of MCEDs on clinically relevant outcomes and implications for current practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen E Guerra
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Leonard David Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Prateek V Sharma
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Brenda S Castillo
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
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81
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Wang X, Wang L, Lin H, Zhu Y, Huang D, Lai M, Xi X, Huang J, Zhang W, Zhong T. Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1303335. [PMID: 38333685 PMCID: PMC10850354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1303335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vehicles (EVs) have received significant attention in recent times as emerging biomarkers and subjects of transformational studies. The three main branches of liquid biopsy have evolved from the three primary tumor liquid biopsy detection targets-CTC, ctDNA, and EVs-each with distinct benefits. CTCs are derived from circulating cancer cells from the original tumor or metastases and may display global features of the tumor. ctDNA has been extensively analyzed and has been used to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neoplastic diseases. EVs contain tumor-derived material such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, sugar structures, and metabolites. The three provide different detection contents but have strong complementarity to a certain extent. Even though they have already been employed in several clinical trials, the clinical utility of three biomarkers is still being studied, with promising initial findings. This review thoroughly overviews established and emerging technologies for the isolation, characterization, and content detection of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Also discussed were the most recent developments in the study of potential liquid biopsy biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognosis prediction. These included CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Finally, the potential and challenges of employing liquid biopsy based on CTC, ctDNA, and EVs for precision medicine were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Haihong Lin
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Defa Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mi Lai
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuxiang Xi
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Junyun Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Li X, Liu T, Bacchiocchi A, Li M, Cheng W, Wittkop T, Mendez F, Wang Y, Tang P, Yao Q, Bosenberg MW, Sznol M, Yan Q, Faham M, Weng L, Halaban R, Jin H, Hu Z. Ultra-sensitive molecular residual disease detection through whole genome sequencing with single-read error correction. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.13.24301070. [PMID: 38260271 PMCID: PMC10802755 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.13.24301070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
While whole genome sequencing (WGS) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) holds enormous promise for molecular residual disease (MRD) detection, its performance is limited by WGS error rate. Here we introduce AccuScan, an efficient cfDNA WGS technology that enables genome-wide error correction at single read level, achieving an error rate of 4.2×10 -7 , which is about two orders of magnitude lower than a read-centric de-noising method. When applied to MRD detection, AccuScan demonstrated analytical sensitivity down to 10 -6 circulating tumor allele fraction at 99% sample level specificity. In colorectal cancer, AccuScan showed 90% landmark sensitivity for predicting relapse. It also showed robust MRD performance with esophageal cancer using samples collected as early as 1 week after surgery, and predictive value for immunotherapy monitoring with melanoma patients. Overall, AccuScan provides a highly accurate WGS solution for MRD, empowering circulating tumor DNA detection at parts per million range without high sample input nor personalized reagents. One Sentence Summary AccuScan showed remarkable ultra-low limit of detection with a short turnaround time, low sample requirement and a simple workflow for MRD detection.
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Sepe P, Procopio G, Pircher CC, Basso U, Caffo O, Cappelletti V, Claps M, De Giorgi U, Fratino L, Guadalupi V, Miodini P, De Marco C, Perrucci B, Mennitto A, Santini D, Spina F, Stellato M, de Braud F, Verzoni E. A phase II study evaluating the efficacy of enzalutamide and the role of liquid biopsy for evaluation of ARv7 in mCRPC patients with measurable metastases including visceral disease (Excalibur study). Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231217958. [PMID: 38264520 PMCID: PMC10804904 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231217958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 30% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) develop visceral metastases, which are associated with a poor prognosis. Objectives Efficacy of enzalutamide in mCRPC patients with measurable metastases, including visceral and/or extra-regional lymph nodes. Methods In this phase II multicenter study, patients with mCRPC and measurable metastases received enzalutamide as the first line. Primary endpoint: 3-month (mo) disease control rate (DCR) defined as the proportion of patients with complete (CR) or partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1. Secondary endpoint: safety. Exploratory endpoint: the association between ARv7 splicing variants in basal circulating tumor cell (CTC)-enriched blood samples and treatment response/resistance using the AdnaTest ProstateCancerSelect kit and the AdnaTest ProstateCancer Panel AR-V7. Results From March 2017 to January 2021, 68 patients were enrolled. One patient never started treatment. Median age: 72 years. A total of 52 patients (78%) received enzalutamide as a first line for mCRPC. The median follow-up was 32 months. At the 3-month assessment, 24 patients presented an SD, 1 patient achieved a CR, and 23 patients had a PR (3-mo-DCR of 72%). Discontinuations due to adverse events (AEs), disease-related death, or disease progression occurred in 9%, 6%, and 48% of patients. All patients reported at least one grade (G) 1-2 AE: the most common were fatigue (49%) and hypertension (33%). Six G3 AEs were reported: two hypertension, one seizure, one fatigue, one diarrhea, and one headache. Basal detection of ARv7 was significantly associated with poor treatment response (p = 0.034) and a nonsignificant association (p = 0.15) was observed between ARv7 detection and response assessments. At month 3, ARv7 was detected in 57%, 25%, and 15% of patients undergoing progressive disease, SD, and PR, respectively. Conclusion The study met its primary endpoint, showing the efficacy of enzalutamide in men with mCRPC and measurable metastatic lesions in visceral and/or lymph node sites. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03103724. First Posted: 6 April 2017. First patient enrollment: 19 April 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangela Sepe
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Giacomo Venezian 1, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Programma Prostata, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Carlotta Pircher
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Basso
- Oncology Unit 1, Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) Dino Amadori, Meldola, Italy
| | - Lucia Fratino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Miodini
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia De Marco
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Perrucci
- Oncology Department, ASST Istituti Ospitalieri, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alessia Mennitto
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), University of Eastern Piedmont (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Oncologia Medica, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Spina
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Niguarda Cancer Center, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stellato
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Park J, Chang ES, Kim JY, Chelakkot C, Sung M, Song JY, Jung K, Lee JH, Choi JY, Kim NY, Lee H, Kang MR, Kwon MJ, Shin YK, Park YH, Choi YL. c-MET-positive circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA as independent prognostic factors in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:13. [PMID: 38238761 PMCID: PMC10797795 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine therapy resistance in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer (BC) is a significant clinical challenge that poses several unmet needs in the management of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of c-MET-positive circulating tumor cells (cMET+ CTCs), ESR1/PIK3CA mutations, and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC). METHODS Ninety-seven patients with HR+ mBC were prospectively enrolled during standard treatment at Samsung Medical Center. CTCs were isolated from blood using GenoCTC® and EpCAM or c-MET CTC isolation kits. PIK3CA and ESR1 hotspot mutations were analyzed using droplet digital PCR. CfDNA concentrations were calculated using internal control copies from the ESR1 mutation test. Immunocytochemistry was performed to compare c-MET overexpression between primary and metastatic sites. RESULTS The proportion of c-MET overexpression was significantly higher in metastatic sites than in primary sites (p = 0.00002). Survival analysis showed that c-MET+ CTC, cfDNA concentration, and ESR1 mutations were significantly associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.0026, 0.0021, and 0.0064, respectively) in HR+/HER2- mBC. By contrast, EpCAM-positive CTC (EpCAM+ CTC) and PIK3CA mutations were not associated with progression-free survival (PFS) in HR+/HER2- mBC. Multivariate analyses revealed that c-MET+ CTCs and cfDNA concentration were independent predictors of PFS in HR+/HER2- mBC. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring c-MET+ CTC, rather than assessing c-MET expression in the primary BC site, could provide valuable information for predicting disease progression, as c-MET expression can change during treatment. The c-MET+ CTC count and cfDNA concentration could provide complementary information on disease progression in HR+ /HER2- mBC, highlighting the importance of integrated liquid biopsy.
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Grants
- HI19C0141 Ministry of Health & Welfare, South Korea
- HI19C0141 Ministry of Health & Welfare, South Korea
- HI19C0141 Ministry of Health & Welfare, South Korea
- HI19C0141 Ministry of Health & Welfare, South Korea
- HI19C0141 Ministry of Health & Welfare, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- 2022R1A2C2006322 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- #SMO1230021 Samsung Medical Center
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sol Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Theranostics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaithanya Chelakkot
- Technical Research Center, Genobio Corp., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Sung
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Theranostics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Theranostics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Jung
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Na Young Kim
- R&D Center, ABION Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyegyeong Lee
- Central Laboratory, LOGONE Bio-Convergence Research Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Kang
- R&D Center, Gencurix Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kwon
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (MRC), College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- R&D Center, ABION Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Theranostics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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Wong D, Luo P, Oldfield LE, Gong H, Brunga L, Rabinowicz R, Subasri V, Chan C, Downs T, Farncombe KM, Luu B, Norman M, Sobotka JA, Uju P, Eagles J, Pedersen S, Wellum J, Danesh A, Prokopec SD, Stutheit-Zhao EY, Znassi N, Heisler LE, Jovelin R, Lam B, Lujan Toro BE, Marsh K, Sundaravadanam Y, Torti D, Man C, Goldenberg A, Xu W, Veit-Haibach P, Doria AS, Malkin D, Kim RH, Pugh TJ. Early Cancer Detection in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome with Cell-Free DNA. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:104-119. [PMID: 37874259 PMCID: PMC10784744 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
People with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) harbor a germline pathogenic variant in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, face a near 100% lifetime risk of cancer, and routinely undergo intensive surveillance protocols. Liquid biopsy has become an attractive tool for a range of clinical applications, including early cancer detection. Here, we provide a proof-of-principle for a multimodal liquid biopsy assay that integrates a targeted gene panel, shallow whole-genome, and cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing for the early detection of cancer in a longitudinal cohort of 89 LFS patients. Multimodal analysis increased our detection rate in patients with an active cancer diagnosis over uni-modal analysis and was able to detect cancer-associated signal(s) in carriers prior to diagnosis with conventional screening (positive predictive value = 67.6%, negative predictive value = 96.5%). Although adoption of liquid biopsy into current surveillance will require further clinical validation, this study provides a framework for individuals with LFS. SIGNIFICANCE By utilizing an integrated cell-free DNA approach, liquid biopsy shows earlier detection of cancer in patients with LFS compared with current clinical surveillance methods such as imaging. Liquid biopsy provides improved accessibility and sensitivity, complementing current clinical surveillance methods to provide better care for these patients. See related commentary by Latham et al., p. 23. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Wong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ping Luo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leslie E. Oldfield
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Haifan Gong
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Vallijah Subasri
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Clarissa Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tiana Downs
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Beatrice Luu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maia Norman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia A. Sobotka
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Precious Uju
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jenna Eagles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephanie Pedersen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Johanna Wellum
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arnavaz Danesh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Nadia Znassi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Bernard Lam
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Kayla Marsh
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Dax Torti
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carina Man
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patrick Veit-Haibach
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David Malkin
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raymond H. Kim
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Trevor J. Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
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Jia S, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Yang W, Ling L, Wei Y, Fang X, Lin Q, Hamaï A, Mehrpour M, Gao J, Tan W, Xia Y, Chen J, Jiang W, Gong C. Association of FTH1-Expressing Circulating Tumor Cells With Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Breast Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study. Oncologist 2024; 29:e25-e37. [PMID: 37390841 PMCID: PMC10769790 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between different phenotypes and genotypes of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains uncertain. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of FTH1 gene-associated CTCs (F-CTC) with/without epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, or their dynamic changes with the efficacy of NAC in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who planned to undergo NAC. The FTH1 gene and EMT markers in CTCs were detected before NAC (T0), after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (T1), and before surgery (T2). The associations of these different types of CTCs with rates of pathological complete response (pCR) and breast-conserving surgery (BCS) were evaluated using the binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS F-CTC in peripheral blood ≥1 at T0 was an independent factor for pCR rate in patients with HER2-positive (odds ratio [OR]=0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.98, P = .048). The reduction in the number of F-CTC at T2 was an independent factor for BCS rate (OR = 4.54, 95% CI, 1.14-18.08, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS The number of F-CTC prior to NAC was related to poor response to NAC. Monitoring of F-CTC may help clinicians formulate personalized NAC regimens and implement BCS for patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Division of Clinical Research Design, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanghui Wei
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Hamaï
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maryam Mehrpour
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jingbo Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weige Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenguo Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Herbst J, Vohl V, Krajina M, Leffers M, Kropidlowski J, Prieske K, Jaeger A, Oliveira Ferrer L, Schmalfeldt B, Goy Y, Burandt E, Pantel K, Vollmert C, Sartori A, Woelber L, Effenberger K, Wikman H. Detection of Multiple HPV Types in Liquid Biopsies of Cervical Neoplasia. Clin Chem 2024; 70:285-296. [PMID: 38175596 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvad182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 95% of cervical cancers and their precancerous lesions are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Cell-free (cf) HPV DNA detection in blood samples may serve as a monitoring tool for cervical cancer. METHODS In our methodological study, an HPV panel for simultaneous detection of 24 types using mass spectrometry-based analysis was developed for liquid biopsy approaches and tested on HPV positive cell lines, plasmid controls, and cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in positive smear samples (n = 52). It was validated in cfDNA blood samples (n = 40) of cervical cancer patients. RESULTS The HPV panel showed proficient results in cell lines and viral plasmids with a limit of detection of 1 IU (international units)/µL for HPV16/18 and 10GE/µL for HPV11/31/33/39/45/51/52/58/59 and a specificity of 100% for the tested HPV types. In cervical smear samples, HPV DNA was detected with a sensitivity of 98.14%. The overall agreement between the new HPV panel and clinical records was 97.2% (κ = 0.84). In cervical cancer cfDNA, 26/40 (65.0%) tested positive for any HPV type, with most infections due to hrHPV (24/26). HPV positive samples were found in all FIGO stages, with the highest positivity ratio in FIGO III and IV. Even the lowest stage, FIGO I, had 12/23 (52.2%) patients with a positive HPV plasma status. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept paper shows that the described assay produces reliable results for detecting HPV types in a multiplex mass spectrometry-based assay in cervical smear and cfDNA with high specificity and sensitivity in both cohorts. The assay shows potential for liquid biopsy-based applications in monitoring cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Herbst
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vohl
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Leffers
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jolanthe Kropidlowski
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Prieske
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Jaeger
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Goy
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Linn Woelber
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Effenberger
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Tjota MY, Segal JP, Wang P. Clinical Utility and Benefits of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Cancer. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:76-91. [PMID: 38167763 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) with next-generation sequencing detects genetic alterations of hundreds of genes simultaneously and multiple molecular biomarkers with one test. In the personalized medicine era, CGP is increasingly used for cancer diagnosis, treatment selection, and prognosis prediction. CONTENT In this review, we summarize the benefits of CGP, clinical utility of CGP, and challenges of setting up CGP in the clinical laboratories. Besides the genetic alterations identified in the cancer-related genes, other biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and homologous recombination deficiency are critical for initiating targeted therapy. Compared with conventional tests, CGP uses less specimen and shortens the turnaround time if multiple biomarkers need to be tested. RNA fusion assay and liquid biopsy are helpful additions to DNA-based CGP by detecting fusions/splicing variants and complementing tissue-based CGP findings, respectively. SUMMARY Many previous hurdles for implementing CGP in the clinical laboratories have been gradually alleviated such as the decrease in sequencing cost, availability of both open-source and commercial bioinformatics tools, and improved reimbursement. These changes have helped to make CGP available to a greater population of cancer patients for improving characterization of their tumors and expanding their eligibility for clinical trials. Additionally, sequencing results of the hundreds of genes on CGP panels could be further analyzed to better understand the biology of various cancers and identify new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Yuwono Tjota
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Jeremy P Segal
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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Bardol T, Eslami‐S Z, Masmoudi D, Alexandre M, Duboys de Labarre M, Bobrie A, D'Hondt V, Guiu S, Kurma K, Cayrefourcq L, Jacot W, Alix‐Panabières C. First evidence of AXL expression on circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer patients: A proof-of-concept study. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6843. [PMID: 38132919 PMCID: PMC10807582 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For several years, the AXL tyrosine kinase receptor, a member of the Tyro3-Axl-Mer (TAM) family, has been considered a new strategic target in oncology. AXL overexpression is common in solid tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. In this context, the detection of a subset of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that express AXL (AXL+ CTCs) could be clinically relevant. METHODS Immunostaining was performed to assess AXL expression in human breast cancer cell lines. The optimal conditions were established using flow cytometry. Spiking experiments were carried out to optimize the parameters of the CellSearch® system detection test. CTC enumeration and AXL expression were evaluated in patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) before treatment initiation. RESULTS An innovative AXL+ CTC detection assay to be used with the CellSearch® system was developed. In a prospective longitudinal clinical trial, blood samples from 60 patients with untreated mBC were analyzed to detect AXL+ CTCs with this new assay. CTCs were detected in 35/60 patients (58.3%) and AXL+ CTCs were identified in 7 of these 35 patients (11.7% of all patients). CONCLUSION This newly established AXL+ CTC assay is a promising tool that can be used for liquid biopsy in future clinical trials to stratify and monitor patients with cancer receiving anti-AXL therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bardol
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Zahra Eslami‐S
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Doryan Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Marie Alexandre
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Marie Duboys de Labarre
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Angélique Bobrie
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Véronique D'Hondt
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Séverine Guiu
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Keerthi Kurma
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Laure Cayrefourcq
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Catherine Alix‐Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
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90
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Zhang JT, Dong S, Gu WQ, Zhao N, Liang Y, Tang WF, Liu SY, Wang F, Wang GS, Peng B, Wu N, Yan S, Geng GJ, Xie ZF, Yang YL, Zhang JH, Zhang T, Yang N, Jiao WJ, Xiong YY, Cai M, Li F, Chen RR, Yan HH, Maggie Liu SY, Yi X, Zhong WZ, Yang XN, Wu YL. Adjuvant Therapy-Free Strategy for Stage IB to IIIA Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients After Radical Resection Based on Longitudinal Undetectable Molecular Residual Disease: Prospective, Multicenter, Single-Arm Study (CTONG 2201). Clin Lung Cancer 2024; 25:e1-e4. [PMID: 37880076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of circulating tumor DNA to monitor molecular residual disease (MRD) has been clinically confirmed to predict disease recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after radical resection. Patients with longitudinal undetectable MRD show a favorable prognosis and might not benefit from adjuvant therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The CTONG 2201 trial is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05457049), designed to evaluate the hypothesis that no adjuvant therapy is needed for patients with longitudinal undetectable MRD. Pathologically confirmed stage IB-IIIA NSCLC patients who have undergone radical resection will be screened. Only patients with 2 consecutive rounds of undetectable MRD will be enrolled (first at days 3-10, second at days 30 ± 7 after surgery), and admitted for imaging and MRD monitoring every 3 months without adjuvant therapy. The primary endpoint is the 2-year disease-free survival rate for those with longitudinal undetectable MRD. The recruitment phase began in August 2022 and 180 patients will be enrolled. CONCLUSIONS This prospective trial will contribute data to confirm the negative predictive value of MRD on adjuvant therapy for NSCLC patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05457049 (CTONG 2201).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Dong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Quan Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Wen-Fang Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Shuo-Yan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guang-Suo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgical, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgical, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Jun Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian, China
| | - Ze-Feng Xie
- Thoracic Surgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan-Long Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nuo Yang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Miao Cai
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Li
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hong-Hong Yan
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Si-Yang Maggie Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue-Ning Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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91
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Heidrich I, Roeper CMT, Rautmann C, Pantel K, Smit DJ. [Liquid Biopsy - A new diagnostic concept in oncology]. Laryngorhinootologie 2024; 103:40-46. [PMID: 37748502 DOI: 10.1055/a-2144-4262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of tumor cells circulating in the blood or of products of tumor cells circulating in other body fluids has gained increasing attention in recent years and is summarized under the term liquid biopsy (LB). LB includes the analysis of circulating tumor cells, cell-free circulating tumor-associated nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, proteins, or other products that are released into the peripheral bloodstream by the primary or metastatic tumor. For a huge number of solid tumor entities, LB has already been successfully applied in preclinical and clinical studies for the detection, risk stratification, treatment monitoring and relapse detection. LB provides valuable real-time information on tumor cell development, therapeutic targets, and mechanisms of therapy resistance using a non-invasive peripheral blood test. In this article, the most important LB analytes and the current state of research are presented. In addition, the remaining obstacles and the diverse efforts to implement LB in clinical routine are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Heidrich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
- Institut für Tumorbiologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Mildred-Scheel-Nachwuchszentrum, Universitäres Cancer Center Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Carmen M T Roeper
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Charlotte Rautmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institut für Tumorbiologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Daniel J Smit
- Institut für Tumorbiologie, Fleur Hiege-Centrum für Hautkrebsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
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92
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Iwamoto T, Niikura N, Watanabe K, Takeshita T, Kikawa Y, Kobayashi K, Iwakuma N, Okamura T, Tada H, Ozaki S, Okuno T, Toh U, Yamamoto Y, Tsuneizumi M, Ishiguro H, Masuda N, Saji S. Changes in cell-free DNA after short-term palbociclib and fulvestrant treatment for advanced or metastatic hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 203:225-234. [PMID: 37875670 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Here, we investigated the potential predictive and elucidating efficacy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) changes on clinical outcomes and biological effects, respectively, after short-term palbociclib and fulvestrant treatment for patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer (ABC). METHODS In this secondary analysis of the Japan Breast Cancer Research Group-M07 (FUTURE) trial, blood cfDNA was obtained before palbociclib treatment and on day 15 of cycle one (28-day cycle). Target enrichment was performed using next-generation sequencing; progression-free survival (PFS) was compared based on cfDNA changes between baseline and day 15 of cycle one after combination therapy. RESULTS Fifty-six patients (112 paired blood samples) were examined. The median follow-up time was 8.9 months. PIK3CA (30.4%, 17/56), FOXA1 (30.4%, 17/56), and ESR1 (28.6%, 16/56) were most frequently mutated at baseline. The number of mutated genes was significantly decreased on day 15 compared with that at baseline (paired t test: P value = 0.025). No significant difference was observed in PFS (decrease group, 7.9 m vs the others, 9.3 m; log-rank P value = 0.75; hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-2.41). Among patients without previous aromatase inhibitor treatment (n = 15), three (20%) had ESR1 mutations after progression to fulvestrant. CONCLUSION No significant association was observed between changes in mutated genes after short-term palbociclib and fulvestrant treatment and disease progression; a significant reduction in cfDNA mutation level was observed on day 15 of cycle one. Clinical meanings of cfDNA should be investigated in the future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iwamoto
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Naoki Niikura
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Breast Surgery, Hokkaido Cancer Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Takeshita
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Iwakuma
- Breast Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuho Okamura
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinji Ozaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Breast Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Okuno
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Uhi Toh
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamamoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michiko Tsuneizumi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishiguro
- Breast Oncology Service, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norikazu Masuda
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigehira Saji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
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Shen C, Li Y, Zeng Z, Liu Y, Xu Y, Deng K, Guo B, Zou D, Liu L, Liang X, Xu X. Systemic Administration with Bacteria-Inspired Nanosystems for Targeted Oncolytic Therapy and Antitumor Immunomodulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25638-25655. [PMID: 38064380 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumors represent a formidable global health challenge, compelling the pursuit of innovative treatment modalities. Oncolytic therapy has emerged as a promising frontier in antitumor strategies. However, both natural agents (such as oncolytic bacteria or viruses) and synthetic oncolytic peptides confront formidable obstacles in clinical trials, which include the delicate equilibrium between safety and efficacy, the imperative for systemic administration with targeted therapy, and the need to counteract oncolysis-induced immunosuppression. To overcome these dilemmas, we have developed biomimetic nanoengineering to create oncolytic bacteria-inspired nanosystems (OBNs), spanning from hierarchical structural biomimicry to advanced bioactive biomimicry. Our OBNs harbor inherent oncolytic potential, including functionalized oligosaccharides mimicking bacterial cell walls for optimal blood circulation and tumor targeting, tumor acidity-switchable decoration for tumor-specific oncolysis, stereospecific tryptophan-rich peptides for robust oncolytic activity, encapsulated tumor immunomodulators for enhanced immunotherapy, and innate multimodal imaging potential for biological tracing. This work elucidates the efficacy and mechanisms of OBNs, encompassing primary tumor suppression, metastasis prevention, and recurrence inhibition. Systemic administration of d-chiral OBNs has demonstrated superior oncolytic efficacy, surpassing intratumoral injections of clinical-grade oncolytic peptides. This work heralds an era in biomimetic engineering on oncolytic agents, promising the revolutionization of contemporary oncolytic therapy paradigms for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yachao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Zenan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yini Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Kefurong Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Beiling Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Dongzhe Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Liguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xianghui Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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Konishi T, Takano S, Takayashiki T, Kuboki S, Suzuki D, Sakai N, Hosokawa I, Mishima T, Nishino H, Nakada S, Ohtsuka M. Clinical benefits of pulmonary resection for lung metastases from pancreatic cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2023; 409:11. [PMID: 38108917 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-03198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Systemic chemotherapy is generally used for metastatic pancreatic cancer; however, pulmonary resection may be a treatment option for lung oligometastases from pancreatic cancer. The current study aimed to clarify the oncological outcomes and clinical benefits of pulmonary resection for lung metastases. METHODS Of 510 patients who underwent pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer, 44 patients with recurrence of isolated lung metastases and one patient with simultaneous lung metastases were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 45 patients, 20 patients were selected as candidates for pulmonary resection based on clinical factors such as recurrence-free interval (RFI) from pancreatectomy to lung metastases, number of lung metastases, and serum CA19-9 level. The post-recurrent survival of patients with pulmonary resection was significantly better than that of patients without pulmonary resection. Fourteen of the 20 patients with pulmonary resection developed tumor recurrence with a median disease-free survival (DFS) of 15 months. Univariate analyses revealed that an RFI from pancreatectomy to lung metastases of ≥28 months was associated with better DFS after pulmonary resection. Of the 14 patients with an RFI of ≥28 months, pulmonary resection resulted in prolonged chemotherapy-free interval in 12 patients. Furthermore, repeat pulmonary resection for recurrent tumors after pulmonary resection led to further cancer-free interval in some cases. CONCLUSIONS Although many patients had tumor recurrence after pulmonary resection, pulmonary resection for lung metastases from pancreatic cancer may provide prolonged cancer-free interval without the need for chemotherapy. Pulmonary resection should be performed for the patients with a long RFI from pancreatectomy to lung metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Konishi
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigetsugu Takano
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Takayashiki
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuboki
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nozomu Sakai
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Isamu Hosokawa
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Mishima
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitoe Nishino
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakada
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohtsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
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Wang D, Rausch C, Buerger SA, Tschuri S, Rothenberg-Thurley M, Schulz M, Hasenauer J, Ziemann F, Metzeler KH, Marr C. Modeling early treatment response in AML from cell-free tumor DNA. iScience 2023; 26:108271. [PMID: 38047080 PMCID: PMC10690559 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring disease response after intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) currently requires invasive bone marrow biopsies, imposing a significant burden on patients. In contrast, cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) in peripheral blood, carrying tumor-specific mutations, offers a less-invasive assessment of residual disease. However, the relationship between ctDNA levels and bone marrow blast kinetics remains unclear. We explored this in 10 AML patients with NPM1 and IDH2 mutations undergoing initial chemotherapy. Comparison of mathematical mixed-effect models showed that (1) inclusion of blast cell death in the bone marrow, (2) transition of ctDNA to peripheral blood, and (3) ctDNA decay in peripheral blood describes kinetics of blast cells and ctDNA best. The fitted model allows prediction of residual bone marrow blast content from ctDNA, and its scaling factor, representing clonal heterogeneity, correlates with relapse risk. Our study provides precise insights into blast and ctDNA kinetics, offering novel avenues for AML disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Wang
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Center for Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Christian Rausch
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner sites Munich/Dresden, Germany
| | - Simon A. Buerger
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Tschuri
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Maja Rothenberg-Thurley
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Schulz
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Center for Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Jan Hasenauer
- Center for Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Ziemann
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner sites Munich/Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus H. Metzeler
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig (UHL) 04103, Germany
| | - Carsten Marr
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Center for Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
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96
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Poulet G, Hulot JS, Blanchard A, Bergerot D, Xiao W, Ginot F, Boutonnet-Rodat A, Justine A, Beinse G, Geromel V, Pellegrina L, Azizi M, Laurent-Puig P, Benhaim L, Taly V. Circadian rhythm and circulating cell-free DNA release on healthy subjects. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21675. [PMID: 38065990 PMCID: PMC10709451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, clinical studies have investigated the clinical relevance of circulating cell-free-DNA (ccfDNA) as a diagnostic and prognosis tool in various diseases including cancers. However, limited knowledge on ccfDNA biology restrains its full development in the clinical practice. To improve our understanding, we evaluated the impact of the circadian rhythm on ccfDNA release in healthy subjects over a 24-h period. 10 healthy female subjects underwent blood sampling at 8am and 20 healthy male subjects underwent serial blood sampling (8:00 AM, 9:00 AM, 12:00 PM, 4:00 PM, 8:00 PM, 12:00 AM, 4 AM (+ 1 Day) and 8 AM (+ 1 Day)). We performed digital droplet-based PCR (ddPCR) assays to target 2 DNA fragments (69 & 243 bp) located in the KRAS gene to determine the ccfDNA concentration and fragmentation profile. As control, half of the samples were re-analyzed by capillary miniaturized electrophoresis (BIAbooster system). Overall, we did not detect any influence of the circadian rhythm on ccfDNA release. Instead, we observed a decrease in the ccfDNA concentration after meal ingestion, suggesting either a post-prandial effect or a technical detection bias due to a higher plasma load in lipids and triglycerides. We also noticed a potential effect of gender, weight and creatinine levels on ccfDNA concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Poulet
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Eurofins-Biomnis, Gerland, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anne Blanchard
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Damien Bergerot
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Abdelli Justine
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Beinse
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Michel Azizi
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Biochemistry Department - Unit of Pharmacogenetic and Molecular Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Leonor Benhaim
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
- Department of Visceral and Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Valerie Taly
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
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97
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Kramer A, Rubio-Alarcón C, van den Broek D, Vessies DCL, Van't Erve I, Meijer GA, Vink GR, Schuuring E, Fijneman RJA, Coupé VMH, Retèl VP. A scenario-drafting study to explore potential future implementation pathways of circulating tumor DNA testing in oncology. Mol Oncol 2023. [PMID: 38060377 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection has multiple promising applications in oncology, but the road toward implementation in clinical practice is unclear. We aimed to support the implementation process by exploring potential future pathways of ctDNA testing. To do so, we studied four ctDNA-testing applications in two cancer types and elicited opinions from 30 ctDNA experts in the Netherlands. Our results showed that the current available evidence differed per application and cancer type. Tumor profiling and monitoring treatment response were found most likely to be implemented in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) within 5 years. For colorectal cancer, applications of ctDNA testing were found to be at an early stage in the implementation process. Demonstrating clinical utility was found a key aspect for successful implementation, but there was no consensus regarding the evidence requirements. The next step toward implementation is to define how clinical utility of biomarkers should be evaluated. Finally, these data indicate that specific challenges for each clinical application and tumor type should be appropriately addressed in a deliberative process involving all stakeholders to ensure implementation of ctDNA testing and timely access for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Rubio-Alarcón
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van den Broek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan C L Vessies
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Van't Erve
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geraldine R Vink
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Development, IKNL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remond J A Fijneman
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle M H Coupé
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands
| | - Valesca P Retèl
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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98
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Zavarykina TM, Lomskova PK, Pronina IV, Khokhlova SV, Stenina MB, Sukhikh GT. Circulating Tumor DNA Is a Variant of Liquid Biopsy with Predictive and Prognostic Clinical Value in Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17073. [PMID: 38069396 PMCID: PMC10706922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper introduces the reader to the field of liquid biopsies and cell-free nucleic acids, focusing on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in breast cancer (BC). BC is the most common type of cancer in women, and progress with regard to treatment has been made in recent years. Despite this, there remain a number of unresolved issues in the treatment of BC; in particular, early detection and diagnosis, reliable markers of response to treatment and for the prediction of recurrence and metastasis, especially for unfavorable subtypes, are needed. It is also important to identify biomarkers for the assessment of drug resistance and for disease monitoring. Our work is devoted to ctDNA, which may be such a marker. Here, we describe its main characteristics and potential applications in clinical oncology. This review considers the results of studies devoted to the analysis of the prognostic and predictive roles of various methods for the determination of ctDNA in BC patients. Currently known epigenetic changes in ctDNA with clinical significance are reviewed. The possibility of using ctDNA as a predictive and prognostic marker for monitoring BC and predicting the recurrence and metastasis of cancer is also discussed, which may become an important part of a precision approach to the treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M. Zavarykina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia;
- “B.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.V.K.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Polina K. Lomskova
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia;
| | - Irina V. Pronina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia;
| | - Svetlana V. Khokhlova
- “B.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.V.K.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Marina B. Stenina
- “N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115522, Russia;
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- “B.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.V.K.); (G.T.S.)
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99
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Dhiman A, Kothary V, Witmer HDD, Bregio C, Sood D, Ong CT, Polite B, Eng OS, Shergill A, Turaga KK. Role of Tumor-informed Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA Assay in Informing Recurrence in Patients With Peritoneal Metastases From Colorectal and High-grade Appendix Cancer Undergoing Curative-intent Surgery. Ann Surg 2023; 278:925-931. [PMID: 36994703 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of a personalized, tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay in informing recurrence in patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) from colorectal (CRC) and high-grade appendix (HGA) cancer after curative cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC). BACKGROUND Over 50% of patients with CRC/HGA-PM recur after optimal CRS-HIPEC. The limited sensitivity of axial imaging and diagnostic biomarkers is a significant cause of delay in the detection of recurrence and initiation of further therapies. Plasma ctDNA has a promising role in monitoring response to treatment and/or recurrence after primary cancer resection. METHODS Patients with CRC/HGA-PM who underwent curative CRS-HIPEC and serial postresection ctDNA assessments were included. Patients with rising postoperative ctDNA levels were compared with those with stable, undetectable ctDNA levels. Primary outcomes were the percentage of patients with recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary outcomes were overall survival, ctDNA sensitivity, lead time, and performance of ctDNA compared with carcinoembryonic antigen. RESULTS One hundred thirty serial postresection ctDNA assessments [median 4, interquartile range (IQR), 3 to 5] were performed in 33 patients (n = 13 CRC, n = 20 HGA) who underwent completeness of cytoreduction-0/1 CRS with a median follow-up of 13 months. Of the 19 patients with rising ctDNA levels, 90% recurred versus 21% in the stable ctDNA group (n = 14, < 0.001). Median DFS in the rising ctDNA cohort was 11 months (IQR, 6 to 12) and not reached in the stable ( P = 0.01). A rising ctDNA level was the most significant factor associated with DFS (hazard ratio: 3.67, 95% CI: 1.06-12.66, P = 0.03). The sensitivity and specificity of rising ctDNA levels in predicting recurrence were 85% and 84.6%, respectively. The median ctDNA lead time was 3 months (IQR, 1 to 4). Carcinoembryonic antigen was less sensitive (50%) than ctDNA. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the clinical validity of serial ctDNA assessment as a strong prognostic biomarker in informing recurrence in patients with CRC/HGA-PM undergoing curative resection. It also holds promises for informing future clinical trial designs and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Dhiman
- Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Vishesh Kothary
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Hunter D D Witmer
- Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Celyn Bregio
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Divya Sood
- Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Cecilia T Ong
- Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Blase Polite
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Oliver S Eng
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - Ardaman Shergill
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kiran K Turaga
- Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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100
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Wang N, Li J, Hu Z, Ngowi EE, Yan B, Qiao A. Exosomes: New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1480. [PMID: 38132306 PMCID: PMC10740970 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a diameter of 30~150 nm (averaging ~100 nm) that are primarily produced through the endosomal pathway, and carry various components such as lipids, proteins, RNA, and other small molecular substances. Exosomes can mediate intercellular communication through the bioactive substances they carry, thus participating in different physiological activities. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a disease caused by disturbances in the body's metabolism, mainly including insulin resistance (IR), diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis (AS). Recent studies have shown that exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of MS. Exosomes can act as messengers to mediate signaling transductions between metabolic cells in the organism and play a bidirectional regulatory role in the MS process. This paper mainly reviews the components, biogenesis, biological functions and potential applications of exosomes, and exosomes involved in the pathogenesis of MS as well as their clinical significance in MS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (N.W.); (J.L.); (Z.H.); (E.E.N.)
| | - Jing Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (N.W.); (J.L.); (Z.H.); (E.E.N.)
| | - Zixuan Hu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (N.W.); (J.L.); (Z.H.); (E.E.N.)
| | - Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (N.W.); (J.L.); (Z.H.); (E.E.N.)
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam 2329, Tanzania
| | - Baolong Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China;
| | - Aijun Qiao
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (N.W.); (J.L.); (Z.H.); (E.E.N.)
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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