51
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Stormon N, Clifford S, Lange K, Mangoyana C, Ford P, Wake M, Lalloo R. Oral health: Epidemiology and concordance in Australian children and parents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:260-269. [PMID: 34050542 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studying parent-child pair health provides the opportunity to identify risk factors and opportunities for oral health prevention and intervention focusing on the family context. The aim of this study was to describe the oral health of children aged 11-12 years and their parents in a national sample of parent-child dyads in Australia. METHODS The Child Health CheckPoint is a study of 11 to 12-year-old children and one parent nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a nationally representative cohort study. In 2015-16, the study collected two-dimensional photographic intra-oral images and was scored using visual assessments of the teeth, oral hygiene and malocclusion. RESULTS Of the 1874 CheckPoint families, 1396 biological parent-child pairs had at least one oral health measure recorded. Over two-thirds of children had moderate to severe gingival inflammation (69.7%, 95%CI 64.7-74.9). Parents had a lower proportion of poor oral hygiene (2.1%, 95% CI 1.4-3.0) than children (13.0%, 95% CI 11.3-14.9). High concordance was seen in the Modified Gingival Index correlation coefficient 0.49 (95%CI 0.44-0.53). CONCLUSION The high concordance in gingival health between child-parent pairs supports the familial and behavioural links established in previous studies. Children had poorer oral hygiene but fewer visible dental caries lesions than their parents. As dental caries is a chronic and cumulative disease, preventive interventions targeting children's oral hygiene are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Stormon
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan Clifford
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine Lange
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare Mangoyana
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pauline Ford
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ratilal Lalloo
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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52
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Rizzardi KF, Indiani CMDSP, Mattos-Graner RDO, de Sousa ET, Nobre-Dos-Santos M, Parisotto TM. Firmicutes Levels in the Mouth Reflect the Gut Condition With Respect to Obesity and Early Childhood Caries. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:593734. [PMID: 34123864 PMCID: PMC8190403 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.593734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study investigated whether Firmicutes (F) and Bacteroidetes (B) levels in the mouth reflected the gut condition in obesity and early childhood caries (ECC). Eighty preschoolers (3-5 years) were equally assigned into four groups: 1. obese + ECC, 2. obese + caries-free (CF), 3. eutrophic + ECC, and 4. eutrophic + CF. Nutritional status and ECC were assessed based on the WHO criteria. Dental biofilm and fecal samples were collected for F and B quantification using RT-PCR analysis. Data were evaluated using three-way-ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation (α = 0.05). Regardless of the anatomical location effect (p = 0.22), there were higher values for F in the obese children + ECC compared with those in obese + caries-free (CF) in both mouth and gut (p < 0.05). The correlation for F at these sites was negative in obese children + ECC (r = −0.48; p = 0.03) and positive in obese children + CF (r=0.50; p = 0.03). Bacteroidetes were influenced by ECC (p = 0.03) and the anatomical location (p = 0.00), and the levels tended to be higher in the mouth of the obese children + ECC (p = 0.04). The F/B ratio was higher in the gut and was affected by the anatomical location (p = 0.00). This preliminary study suggested that modulated by ECC, counts of oral Firmicutes reflected corresponding condition in the gut of obese preschoolers. In addition, we first evidenced that the Firmicutes phylum behave differently according to the nutritional status and caries experience and that supragingival biofilm and gut could share levels of similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ferreira Rizzardi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emerson Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Thaís Manzano Parisotto
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
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53
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Zhang Y, Zhu C, Cao G, Zhan J, Feng X, Chen X. Dynamic Alterations of Oral Microbiota Related to Halitosis in Preschool Children. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:599467. [PMID: 33718263 PMCID: PMC7952759 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.599467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This longitudinal study was aimed to evaluate the dynamic shift in oral microbiota during the process of halitosis progression among preschool children. Methods The oral examinations, questionnaires and tongue coating specimens were collected at the baseline and 12-month follow-up. All children were oral healthy at the enrollment. At the 12-month follow-up, children who developed halitosis were included to the halitosis group (n = 10). While children who matched the age, gender, kindergarten and without halitosis were included to the control group (n = 10). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to reveal the shift of the tongue coating microbiome in these children during the 12- month period with the Human Oral Microbiome Database. Results A remarkable shift in relative abundance of specific bacteria was observed prior to halitosis development. The principal coordinates and alpha diversity analyses revealed different shifting patterns of halitosis and the healthy participants’ microbiome structures and bacterial diversity over the 12-month follow-up. Both groups showed variable microbiota community structures before the onset of halitosis. Halitosis-enriched species Prevotella melaninogenica, Actinomyces sp._HMT_180 and Saccharibacteria TM7_G-1_bacterium_HMT_352 were finally selected as biomarkers in the halitosis-onset prediction model after screening, with a prediction accuracy of 91.7%. Conclusions The microbiome composition and relative abundance of the tongue coatings in the halitosis and control groups remarkably differed, even prior to the onset of the clinical manifestations of halitosis. The halitosis prediction model constructed on the basis of tongue coating microbiome biomarkers indicated the microbial shifts before the halitosis onset. Therefore, this can be considered for the timely detection and intervention of halitosis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ce Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhi Cao
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Zhan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Vijayakumar A, Sarveswari HB, Vasudevan S, Shanmugam K, Solomon AP, Neelakantan P. Baicalein Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Biofilms and Dental Caries-Related Virulence Phenotypes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:215. [PMID: 33670013 PMCID: PMC7926557 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries, the most common oral disease, is a major public healthcare burden and affects more than three billion people worldwide. The contemporary understanding of the need for a healthy microbiome and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has resulted in an urgent need to identify compounds that curb the virulence of pathobionts without microbial killing. Through this study, we have demonstrated for the first time that 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone (Baicalein) significantly downregulates crucial caries-related virulence phenotypes in Streptococcus mutans. Baicalein significantly inhibited biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans UA159 (MBIC50 = 200 μM), without significant growth inhibition. Notably, these concentrations of baicalein did not affect the commensal S. gordonii. Strikingly, baicalein significantly reduced cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and acid production by S. mutans. Mechanistic studies (qRT-PCR) showed downregulation of various genes regulating biofilm formation, surface attachment, quorum sensing, acid production and competence. Finally, we demonstrate the potential translational value of baicalein by reporting synergistic interaction with fluoride against S. mutans biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Vijayakumar
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India; (A.V.); (H.B.S.); (S.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Hema Bhagavathi Sarveswari
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India; (A.V.); (H.B.S.); (S.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Sahana Vasudevan
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India; (A.V.); (H.B.S.); (S.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Karthi Shanmugam
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India; (A.V.); (H.B.S.); (S.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Adline Princy Solomon
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India; (A.V.); (H.B.S.); (S.V.); (K.S.)
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Zaura E, Pappalardo VY, Buijs MJ, Volgenant CMC, Brandt BW. Optimizing the quality of clinical studies on oral microbiome: A practical guide for planning, performing, and reporting. Periodontol 2000 2021; 85:210-236. [PMID: 33226702 PMCID: PMC7756869 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With this review, we aim to increase the quality standards for clinical studies with microbiome as an output parameter. We critically address the existing body of evidence for good quality practices in oral microbiome studies based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. First, we discuss the usefulness of microbiome profile analyses. Is a microbiome study actually the best approach for answering the research question? This is followed by addressing the criteria for the most appropriate study design, sample size, and the necessary data (study metadata) that should be collected. Next, we evaluate the available evidence for best practices in sample collection, transport, storage, and DNA isolation. Finally, an overview of possible sequencing options (eg, 16S rRNA gene hypervariable regions, sequencing platforms), processing and data interpretation approaches, as well as requirements for meaningful data storage, sharing, and reporting are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Vincent Y. Pappalardo
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Buijs
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Catherine M. C. Volgenant
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Bernd W. Brandt
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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56
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Comparison of oral microbiome profiles in 18-month-old infants and their parents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:861. [PMID: 33441592 PMCID: PMC7806650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset and progress of dental caries and periodontal disease is associated with the oral microbiome. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that influence oral microbiome formation. One of the factors that influence oral microbiome formation is the transmission of oral bacteria from parents. However, it remains unclear when the transmission begins, and the difference in contributions of father and mother. Here, we focused on the oral microbiome of 18-month-old infants, at which age deciduous dentition is formed and the oral microbiome is likely to become stable, with that of their parents. We collected saliva from forty 18-month-old infants and their parents and compared the diversity and composition of the microbiome using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that microbial diversity in infants was significantly lower than that in parents and composition of microbiome were significantly different between infants and parents. Meanwhile, the microbiome of the infants was more similar to that of their mothers than unrelated adults. The bacteria highly shared between infants and parents included not only commensal bacteria but also disease related bacteria. These results suggested that the oral microbiome of the parents influences that of their children aged < 18 months.
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57
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Widyarman AS, Udawatte NS, Theodorea CF, Apriani A, Richi M, Astoeti TE, Seneviratne CJ. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride treatment enriches the symbiotic dental plaque microbiome in children. J Dent 2021; 106:103582. [PMID: 33450310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dysbiotic oral microbiome plays a key role in the pathogenesis of caries in children. Topical application of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate containing fluoride (CPP-ACP/F) is an effective treatment modality for children with caries (CC). Hitherto the mechanism by which CPP-ACP/F modules the oral microbiome in CC has not been investigated. The study aimed to examine the CPP-ACP/F effect on the dental plaque microbiome of children group with caries. METHODS This preliminary prospective clinical cohort included 10 children with caries. The children received topical fluoride CPP-ACP/F once-a-week for one month. Plaque samples were collected before and after treatment and subjected to 16S rDNA-based next-generation-sequencing. Microbial composition, diversity and functional roles were analyzed in comparison to the clinical characteristics of cohort using standard bioinformatics tools. RESULTS CPP-ACP/F treatment modulated dysbiotic oral microbiome towards healthier community as the higher proportion of Proteobacteria and certain microbial protective species were enriched following CPP-ACP/F treatment. Despite overall uniformity of community structure in children with caries between the groups, some bacterial species were differentially represented in a statistically significant manner between pre- and post- treatments. Three bacterial species were found to be predictive of strongly sensitive to the CPP-ACP/F treatment, marked by decreased abundance of Lautropia mirabalis and increased abundance of Gemella haemolysans and Schwartzia succinivorans. CONCLUSION Within the limits of the current study, it could be concluded that the CPP-ACP/F varnish treatment modulated the microbial composition of the dental plaque microbiome towards symbiosis. These symbiotic changes may demonstrate the potential clinical significance of CPP-ACP/F varnish treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelia Sari Widyarman
- Department Head of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jln. Kyai Tapa 260, Grogol Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia.
| | - Nadeeka S Udawatte
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore (NDRIS), National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | | | - Anie Apriani
- Department Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha University, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Mario Richi
- MiCORE Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Indonesia.
| | - Tri Erri Astoeti
- Department of Preventive and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jln. Kyai Tapa 260, Grogol Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia.
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore (NDRIS), National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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Grier A, Myers JA, O'Connor TG, Quivey RG, Gill SR, Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT. Oral Microbiota Composition Predicts Early Childhood Caries Onset. J Dent Res 2020; 100:599-607. [PMID: 33356775 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520979926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most common chronic disease in preschool children in the United States, early childhood caries (ECC) has a profound impact on a child's quality of life, represents a tremendous human and economic burden to society, and disproportionately affects those living in poverty. Caries risk assessment (CRA) is a critical component of ECC management, yet the accuracy, consistency, reproducibility, and longitudinal validation of the available risk assessment techniques are lacking. Molecular and microbial biomarkers represent a potential source for accurate and reliable dental caries risk and onset. Next-generation nucleotide-sequencing technology has made it feasible to profile the composition of the oral microbiota. In the present study, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was applied to saliva samples that were collected at 6-mo intervals for 24 mo from a subset of 56 initially caries-free children from an ongoing cohort of 189 children, aged 1 to 3 y, over the 2-y study period; 36 children developed ECC and 20 remained caries free. Analyses from machine learning models of microbiota composition, across the study period, distinguished between affected and nonaffected groups at the time of their initial study visits with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.71 and discriminated ECC-converted from healthy controls at the visit immediately preceding ECC diagnosis with an AUC of 0.89, as assessed by nested cross-validation. Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus sp., and Veillonella parvula were selected as important discriminatory features in all models and represent biomarkers of risk for ECC onset. These findings indicate that oral microbiota as profiled by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing is predictive of ECC onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grier
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J A Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T G O'Connor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R G Quivey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S R Gill
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D T Kopycka-Kedzierawski
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Dentistry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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Jurczak A, Jamka-Kasprzyk M, Bębenek Z, Staszczyk M, Jagielski P, Kościelniak D, Gregorczyk-Maga I, Kołodziej I, Kępisty M, Kukurba-Setkowicz M, Bryll A, Krzyściak W. Differences in Sweet Taste Perception and Its Association with the Streptococcus mutans Cariogenic Profile in Preschool Children with Caries. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092592. [PMID: 32858903 PMCID: PMC7551438 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis about differences in sweet taste perception in the group of preschool children with and without caries, and to determine its relationship with cariogenic microbiota and the frequency of sweets consumption in children. The study group included of 63 children aged 2–6 years: 32 with caries and 31 without caries. The study consisted of collecting questionnaire data and assessment of dental status using the decayed, missing, filled in primary teeth index (dmft) and the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II). The evaluation of sweet taste perception was carried out using a specific method that simultaneously assessed the level of taste preferences and the sensitivity threshold for a given taste. The microbiological analysis consisted of the assessment of the quantitative and qualitative compositions of the oral microbiota of the examined children. The sweet taste perception of children with caries was characterized by a lower susceptibility to sucrose (the preferred sucrose solution concentration was >4 g/L) compared to children without caries (in the range ≤ 4 g/L, p = 0.0015, chi-square test). A similar relationship was also observed for frequent snacking between meals (p = 0.0038, chi-square test). The analysis of studied variables showed the existence of a strong positive correlation between the perception of sweet taste and the occurrence and intensity of the cariogenic process (p = 0.007 for dmft; and p = 0.012 for ICDAS II), as well as the frequency of consuming sweets (p ≤ 0.001 for frequent and repeated consumption of sweets during the day, Spearman test) in children with caries. Additionally, children with an elevated sucrose taste threshold were more than 10-times more likely to develop S. mutans presence (OR = 10.21; 95% CI 3.11–33.44). The results of this study suggest the future use of taste preferences in children as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of increased susceptibility to caries through microbial dysbiosis towards specific species of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jurczak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Małgorzata Jamka-Kasprzyk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Zuzanna Bębenek
- Department of Mycology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Czysta St 18, 31-121 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Staszczyk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Paweł Jagielski
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Science, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Grzegórzecka St 20, 31-531 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Dorota Kościelniak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Iwona Gregorczyk-Maga
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Iwona Kołodziej
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Magdalena Kępisty
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Magdalena Kukurba-Setkowicz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (A.J.); (M.J.-K.); (M.S.); (D.K.); (I.G.-M.); (I.K.); (M.K.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Amira Bryll
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 19, 31-501 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-620-57-60
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Simpson CA, Adler C, du Plessis MR, Landau ER, Dashper SG, Reynolds EC, Schwartz OS, Simmons JG. Oral microbiome composition, but not diversity, is associated with adolescent anxiety and depression symptoms. Physiol Behav 2020; 226:113126. [PMID: 32777312 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent disorders, whose significant burden is compounded by the presence of oral disease. Mental health disorders and oral health may be associated via changes to the oral microbiome, involving increased pro-inflammatory communication and cortisol in saliva. The present study provides the first culture-independent investigation of the oral microbiome considering depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence, a critical age where these conditions begin to emerge and co-occur. It also investigates whether inflammation and cortisol moderate these relationships. METHODS Participants (N = 66) aged 14-18 years (69.70% female) self-reported oral health, depression and anxiety symptoms, and collected saliva samples across two days. Saliva was assayed for cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP), and used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to estimate the oral microbiome. Multivariate statistical analyses examined associations. RESULTS Overall diversity of the oral microbiome did not differ between adolescents by anxiety or depression grouping (low versus high symptoms), and was not associated with symptom measures. Depression and anxiety symptoms were instead associated with differential abundance of specific bacterial taxa, including Spirochaetaceae, Actinomyces, Treponema, Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia spp. Several host mood-microbial relationships were moderated by proposed mechanisms, including salivary cortisol and CRP. CONCLUSIONS Oral microbiome composition, but not diversity, was associated with adolescent anxiety and depression symptoms. Longitudinal studies considering these associations would improve mechanistic understanding. This research indicates that adolescence remains an essential developmental period to identify early targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carra A Simpson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, VIC, Australia.
| | - Christina Adler
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mieke R du Plessis
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth R Landau
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart G Dashper
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Orli S Schwartz
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian G Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, VIC, Australia
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Mathieu E, MacPherson CW, Belvis J, Mathieu O, Robert V, Saint-Criq V, Langella P, Tompkins TA, Thomas M. Oral Primo-Colonizing Bacteria Modulate Inflammation and Gene Expression in Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081094. [PMID: 32707845 PMCID: PMC7464694 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota of the mouth disperses into the lungs, and both compartments share similar phyla. Considering the importance of the microbiota in the maturation of the immunity and physiology during the first days of life, we hypothesized that primo-colonizing bacteria of the oral cavity may induce immune responses in bronchial epithelial cells. Herein, we have isolated and characterized 57 strains of the buccal cavity of two human newborns. These strains belong to Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Rothia and Pantoea genera, with Streptococcus being the most represented. The strains were co-incubated with a bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B), and we established their impact on a panel of cytokines/chemokines and global changes in gene expression. The Staphylococcus strains, which appeared soon after birth, induced a high production of IL-8, suggesting they can trigger inflammation, whereas the Streptococcus strains were less associated with inflammation pathways. The genera Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Pantoea induced differential profiles of cytokine/chemokine/growth factor and set of genes associated with maturation of morphology. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the microorganisms, primo-colonizing the oral cavity, impact immunity and morphology of the lung epithelial cells, with specific effects depending on the phylogeny of the strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Mathieu
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (E.M.); (V.R.); (V.S.-C.); (P.L.)
| | - Chad W. MacPherson
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (C.W.M.); (J.B.); (O.M.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Jocelyn Belvis
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (C.W.M.); (J.B.); (O.M.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Olivier Mathieu
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (C.W.M.); (J.B.); (O.M.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Véronique Robert
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (E.M.); (V.R.); (V.S.-C.); (P.L.)
| | - Vinciane Saint-Criq
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (E.M.); (V.R.); (V.S.-C.); (P.L.)
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (E.M.); (V.R.); (V.S.-C.); (P.L.)
| | - Thomas A. Tompkins
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (C.W.M.); (J.B.); (O.M.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Muriel Thomas
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (E.M.); (V.R.); (V.S.-C.); (P.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Uranga CC, Arroyo P, Duggan BM, Gerwick WH, Edlund A. Commensal Oral Rothia mucilaginosa Produces Enterobactin, a Metal-Chelating Siderophore. mSystems 2020; 5:e00161-20. [PMID: 32345739 PMCID: PMC7190385 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00161-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing studies of saliva and dental plaque from subjects in both healthy and diseased states have identified bacteria belonging to the Rothia genus as ubiquitous members of the oral microbiota. To gain a deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the chemical ecology of this unexplored group, we applied a genome mining approach that targets functionally important biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). All 45 genomes that were mined, representing Rothia mucilaginosa, Rothia dentocariosa, and Rothia aeria, harbored a catechol-siderophore-like BGC. To explore siderophore production further, we grew the previously characterized R. mucilaginosa ATCC 25296 in liquid cultures, amended with glycerol, which led to the identification of the archetype siderophore enterobactin by using tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Normally attributed to pathogenic gut bacteria, R. mucilaginosa is the first commensal oral bacterium found to produce enterobactin. Cocultivation studies including R. mucilaginosa or purified enterobactin revealed that enterobactin reduced growth of certain strains of cariogenic Streptococcus mutans and pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus Commensal oral bacteria were either unaffected, reduced in growth, or induced to grow adjacent to enterobactin-producing R. mucilaginosa or the pure compound. Taken together with Rothia's known capacity to ferment a variety of carbohydrates and amino acids, our findings of enterobactin production add an additional level of explanation to R. mucilaginosa's prevalence in the oral cavity. Enterobactin is the strongest Fe(III) binding siderophore known, and its role in oral health requires further investigation.IMPORTANCE The communication language of the human oral microbiota is vastly underexplored. However, a few studies have shown that specialized small molecules encoded by BGCs have critical roles such as in colonization resistance against pathogens and quorum sensing. Here, by using a genome mining approach in combination with compound screening of growth cultures, we identified that the commensal oral community member R. mucilaginosa harbors a catecholate-siderophore BGC, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of enterobactin. The iron-scavenging role of enterobactin is known to have positive effects on the host's iron pool and negative effects on host immune function; however, its role in oral health remains unexplored. R. mucilaginosa was previously identified as an abundant community member in cystic fibrosis, where bacterial iron cycling plays a major role in virulence development. With respect to iron's broad biological importance, iron-chelating enterobactin may explain R. mucilaginosa's colonization success in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C Uranga
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Genomic Medicine Group, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pablo Arroyo
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Genomic Medicine Group, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brendan M Duggan
- University of California San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William H Gerwick
- University of California San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anna Edlund
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Genomic Medicine Group, La Jolla, California, USA
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, La Jolla, California, USA
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Identifying predictors of early childhood caries among Australian children using sequential modelling: Findings from the VicGen birth cohort study. J Dent 2020; 93:103276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Indiani CMDSP, Rizzardi KF, Crescente CL, Steiner-Oliveira C, Nobre-Dos-Santos M, Parisotto TM. Relationship Between Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli in the Oral Cavity and Intestine of Obese and Eutrophic Children With Early Childhood Caries-Preliminary Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:588965. [PMID: 33363062 PMCID: PMC7759472 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.588965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This brief communication assessed whether there was any relationship between the counts of lactobacilli (LB) and mutans streptococci (MS) in the oral cavity and intestine of obese and eutrophic children with early childhood caries (ECC). Seventy-eight preschoolers were assigned into the following groups: 1. obese children with ECC (OECC), 2. eutrophic children with ECC (EECC), 3. obese caries-free children (OCF), and 4. eutrophic caries-free children (ECF). The diagnosis of obesity and ECC was based on the World Health Organization criteria. Dental plaque and fecal samples were collected to assess the counts of MS and LB using selective media. Data were evaluated by Poisson regression analysis, Wilcoxon test, and Sign test. Microbial indicators of ECC in obese children were MS counts in the intestine [rate ratio (RR): 4.38] and presence of LB in the oral cavity (RR: 2.12). The indicators in eutrophic children were MS levels and the presence of LB, both in the oral cavity (RR: 6.35/1.50) and intestine (RR: 2.35/2.38) (p < 0.05). The comparison between MS levels in the mouth and in the intestine revealed significant differences only in the ECF group (p = 0.04). Regarding LB presence in the mouth vs. in the intestine, except for the OCF group (p = 0.03), no other statistical differences were found. Our preliminary findings highlighted that the levels of MS and the presence of LB in the oral cavity, as well as in the lower gastrointestinal tract were associated with ECC. Moreover, obesity was found to influence this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Ferreira Rizzardi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University São Francisco - USF, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Camila Lopes Crescente
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Carolina Steiner-Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Thaís Manzano Parisotto
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University São Francisco - USF, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
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