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Kitabatake K, Kaji T, Tsukimoto M. Involvement of CD73 and A2B Receptor in Radiation-Induced DNA Damage Response and Cell Migration in Human Glioblastoma A172 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 44:197-210. [PMID: 33268695 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system and is treated with a combination of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. However, the tumor often acquires radiation resistance, which is characterized by an increased DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that CD73, which generates extracellular adenosine from ATP, and A2B receptor, which is activated by adenosine, are involved in the γ-radiation-induced DDR and the enhanced migration ability of human glioblastoma cell line A172. To investigate DDR, we evaluated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) activation and focus formation of histone H2A isoform γ (γH2AX) and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) in the nucleus of A172 cells after γ-irradiation. Antagonists of A2B receptor and CD73, or knockdown with small interfering RNA (siRNA), suppressed γ-radiation-induced DDR and promoted γ-radiation-induced cell death, as well as suppressing γ-radiation-induced cell migration and actin remodeling. These results suggest that activation of A2B receptor by extracellular adenosine generated via CD73 promotes γ-radiation-induced DDR, leading to recovery from DNA damage, and also enhances cell migration and actin remodeling. The CD73-A2B receptor pathway may be a promising target for overcoming radiation resistance and the acquisition of malignant phenotypes during radiotherapy of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kitabatake
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Toshiyuki Kaji
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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Ralevic V. Purinergic signalling in the cardiovascular system-a tribute to Geoffrey Burnstock. Purinergic Signal 2020; 17:63-69. [PMID: 33151503 PMCID: PMC7954917 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Geoffrey Burnstock made groundbreaking discoveries on the physiological roles of purinergic receptors and led on P2 purinergic receptor classification. His knowledge, vision and leadership inspired and influenced the international scientific community. I had the privilege of spending over 10 years (from 1985) with Geoff at the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, initially as a PhD student and then as a postdoctoral research fellow. I regarded him with enormous admiration and affection. This review on purinergic signalling in the cardiovascular system is a tribute to Geoff. It includes some personal recollections of Geoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Ralevic
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Kitabatake K, Kaji T, Tsukimoto M. ATP and ADP enhance DNA damage repair in γ-irradiated BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells through activation of P2X7 and P2Y12 receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 407:115240. [PMID: 32941855 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Agents that promote DNA repair may be useful as radioprotectants to minimize side effects such as radiation pneumonia caused by damage to normal cells during radiation therapy to treat lung cancer. We have reported that extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides are involved in the P2 or P1 receptor-mediated DNA damage response (DDR) after γ-irradiation. Here, we investigated the effects of ATP, UTP, GTP, ITP and their metabolites on the γH2AX/53BP1 focus formation in nuclei (a measure of γ-irradiation-induced DDR) and the survival of γ-irradiated immortalized human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Fluorescence immunostaining showed that ATP and ADP increase DDR and DNA repair, and exhibit radioprotective effects as evaluated by colony formation assay. These effects of ATP or ADP were blocked by inhibitors of P2X7 or P2Y12 receptor, respectively, and by ERK1/2 inhibitor. ATP and ADP enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by suppressing MKP-1 and MKP-3 expression after γ-irradiation. These results indicate that ATP and ADP exhibit radioprotective effects by phosphorylation of ERK1/2 via activation of P2X7 and P2Y12 receptors, respectively, to promote γ-irradiation-induced DDR and DNA repair. ATP and ADP appear to be candidates for radioprotectants to reduce damage to non-cancerous cells during lung cancer radiotherapy by promoting DDR and DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kitabatake
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kaji
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan.
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Demeules M, Scarpitta A, Abad C, Gondé H, Hardet R, Pinto-Espinoza C, Eichhoff AM, Schäfer W, Haag F, Koch-Nolte F, Adriouch S. Evaluation of P2X7 Receptor Function in Tumor Contexts Using rAAV Vector and Nanobodies (AAVnano). Front Oncol 2020; 10:1699. [PMID: 33042812 PMCID: PMC7518291 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) represents a danger signal that accumulates in injured tissues, in inflammatory sites, and in the tumor microenvironment. Extracellular ATP is known to signal through plasma membrane receptors of the P2Y and P2X families. Among the P2X receptors, P2X7 has attracted increasing interest in the field of inflammation as well as in cancer. P2X7 is expressed by immune cells and by most malignant tumor cells where it plays a crucial yet complex role that remains to be clarified. P2X7 activity has been associated with production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of the activity and survival of immune cells, and the stimulation of proliferation and migratory properties of tumor cells. Hence, P2X7 plays an intricate role in the tumor microenvironment combining beneficial and detrimental effects that need to be further investigated. For this, we developed a novel methodology termed AAVnano based on the use of Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) encoding nanobodies targeting P2X7. We discuss here the advantages of this tool to study the different functions of P2X7 in cancer and other pathophysiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Demeules
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
| | - Allan Scarpitta
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
| | - Catalina Abad
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
| | - Henri Gondé
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
| | - Romain Hardet
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
| | | | - Anna Marei Eichhoff
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Schäfer
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative THERapies, Rouen, France
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Ademosun AO, Adebayo AA, Popoola TV, Oboh G. Shaddock (Citrus maxima) peels extract restores cognitive function, cholinergic and purinergic enzyme systems in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1073-1080. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1808668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayokunle O. Ademosun
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Adeniyi A. Adebayo
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Unit), Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria
| | - Temitope V. Popoola
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Extracellular ATP as an Inter-Kingdom Signaling Molecule: Release Mechanisms by Bacteria and Its Implication on the Host. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155590. [PMID: 32759857 PMCID: PMC7432876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purine adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is not only a universal intracellular energy carrier but plays also an important role as extracellular signaling molecule. Purinergic signaling is involved in many physiological and pathological processes like coagulation, inflammation, or sepsis in mammals. ATP is well-known as a messenger for intercellular communications in multicellular organisms, but phylogenetically much older unicellular organisms like yeast or bacteria use ATP as an extracellular signaling molecule as well. However, the mechanisms of ATP secretion by bacteria and its extracellular implications still have to be elucidated. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge about bacterial extracellular ATP (eATP) under homeostatic conditions and during growth. Possible secretion mechanisms of ATP by bacteria will be discussed and implications of bacterial ATP are shown, with a focus on bacteria–host interactions.
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Purinergic Signaling in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071612. [PMID: 32635260 PMCID: PMC7407645 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex expression of an altered state of cellular differentiation associated with severe clinical repercussions. The effort to characterize this pathological entity to understand its underlying mechanisms and visualize potential therapeutic strategies has been constant. In this context, some cellular (enhanced duplication, immunological evasion), metabolic (aerobic glycolysis, failure in DNA repair mechanisms) and physiological (circadian disruption) parameters have been considered as cancer hallmarks. The list of these hallmarks has been growing in recent years, since it has been demonstrated that various physiological systems misfunction in well-characterized ways upon the onset and establishment of the carcinogenic process. This is the case with the purinergic system, a signaling pathway formed by nucleotides/nucleosides (mainly adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine (ADO) and uridine triphosphate (UTP)) with their corresponding membrane receptors and defined transduction mechanisms. The dynamic equilibrium between ATP and ADO, which is accomplished by the presence and regulation of a set of ectonucleotidases, defines the pro-carcinogenic or anti-cancerous final outline in tumors and cancer cell lines. So far, the purinergic system has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target in cancerous and tumoral ailments.
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Lara R, Adinolfi E, Harwood CA, Philpott M, Barden JA, Di Virgilio F, McNulty S. P2X7 in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32581786 PMCID: PMC7287489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed in multiple cell types including neurons, dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, B and T cells where it can drive a wide range of physiological responses from pain transduction to immune response. Upon activation by its main ligand, extracellular ATP, P2X7 can form a nonselective channel for cations to enter the cell. Prolonged activation of P2X7, via high levels of extracellular ATP over an extended time period can lead to the formation of a macropore, leading to depolarization of the plasma membrane and ultimately to cell death. Thus, dependent on its activation state, P2X7 can either drive cell survival and proliferation, or induce cell death. In cancer, P2X7 has been shown to have a broad range of functions, including playing key roles in the development and spread of tumor cells. It is therefore unsurprising that P2X7 has been reported to be upregulated in several malignancies. Critically, ATP is present at high extracellular concentrations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) compared to levels observed in normal tissues. These high levels of ATP should present a survival challenge for cancer cells, potentially leading to constitutive receptor activation, prolonged macropore formation and ultimately to cell death. Therefore, to deliver the proven advantages for P2X7 in driving tumor survival and metastatic potential, the P2X7 macropore must be tightly controlled while retaining other functions. Studies have shown that commonly expressed P2X7 splice variants, distinct SNPs and post-translational receptor modifications can impair the capacity of P2X7 to open the macropore. These receptor modifications and potentially others may ultimately protect cancer cells from the negative consequences associated with constitutive activation of P2X7. Significantly, the effects of both P2X7 agonists and antagonists in preclinical tumor models of cancer demonstrate the potential for agents modifying P2X7 function, to provide innovative cancer therapies. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding of the structure and functions of P2X7 and how these impact P2X7 roles in cancer progression. We also review potential therapeutic approaches directed against P2X7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lara
- Biosceptre (UK) Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Philpott
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Bart's & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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59
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Pereira JMS, Barreira AL, Gomes CR, Ornellas FM, Ornellas DS, Miranda LC, Cardoso LR, Coutinho-Silva R, Schanaider A, Morales MM, Leite M, Takiya CM. Brilliant blue G, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, attenuates early phase of renal inflammation, interstitial fibrosis and is associated with renal cell proliferation in ureteral obstruction in rats. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:206. [PMID: 32471386 PMCID: PMC7260756 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous study showed that purinergic P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) reach the highest expression in the first week after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice, and are involved in the process of inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis of renal tissue. We, herein, document the role of purinergic P2X7 receptors activation on the third day of UUO, as assessed by means of BBG as its selective inhibitor. Methods We investigated the effects of brilliant blue G (BBG), a P2X7R antagonist, in the third day of kidney tissue response to UUO in rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats submitted to UUO or sham operated, received BBG or vehicle (V), comprising four groups: UUO-BBG, UUO-V, sham-BBG and sham-V. The kidneys were harvested on day 3 UUO and prepared for histology, immunohistochemistry (P2X7R, PCNA, CD-68, α-sma, TGF-β1, Heat-shock protein-47, TUNEL assay), quantitative real-time PCR (IL-1β, procollagens type I, III, and IV) for mRNA quantification. Results The group UUO-V presented an enhancement in tubular cell P2X7-R expression, increase influx of macrophages and myofibroblasts, HSP-47 and TGF- β1 expression. Also, upregulation of procollagen types I, III, and IV, and IL-1β mRNAs were seen. On the other hand, group UUO-BBG showed lower expression of procollagens and IL-1β mRNAs, as well as less immunoreactivity of HSP-47, TGF-β, macrophages, myofibroblasts, and tubular apoptosis. This group also presented increased epithelial cell proliferation. Conclusion BBG, a known highly selective inhibitor of P2X7R, attenuated renal inflammation, collagen synthesis, renal cell apoptosis, and enhanced renal cell proliferation in the early phase of rat model of UUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Monteiro Sad Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luis Barreira
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Conrado Rodrigues Gomes
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mateus Ornellas
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Débora Santos Ornellas
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Miranda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucio Ronaldo Cardoso
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alberto Schanaider
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro de Cirurgia Experimental, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Morales
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maurilo Leite
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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60
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Nascimento M, Punaro GR, Serralha RS, Lima DY, Mouro MG, Oliveira LCG, Casarini DE, Rodrigues AM, Higa EMS. Inhibition of the P2X 7 receptor improves renal function via renin-angiotensin system and nitric oxide on diabetic nephropathy in rats. Life Sci 2020; 251:117640. [PMID: 32259603 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of P2X7 receptor blockade on renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN). MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were unilaterally nephrectomized and received streptozotocin for diabetes mellitus (DM) induction; control animals (CTL) received the drug vehicle. The animals were submitted to P2X7 receptor silencing, forming the group (DM + siRNA). The animals were placed in metabolic cages for data collection and evaluation of renal function; at the end of the protocol, the kidney was removed for analysis of P2X7, renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, angiotensin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO) and qualitative histological. KEY FINDINGS The metabolic profile was attenuated in DM + siRNA vs. DM and there was a significant improvement in creatinine, urea and proteinuria levels in the same group. Renin expression was significantly decreased in DM + siRNA vs. DM. ACE and ACE2 were significantly reduced in DM + siRNA vs. DM. TBARS levels were decreased and NO showed an increase in DM + siRNA vs. DM, both significant. All histological alterations were improved in DM + siRNA vs. DM. SIGNIFICANCE Data have shown that although silencing of the P2X7 receptor did not decrease fasting glucose, it promoted an improvement in the metabolic profile and a significant recovery of renal function, revealing a protective action by the inhibition of this receptor. This effect must have occurred due to the inhibition of RAS and the increase of NO, suggesting that the use of P2X7 receptors inhibitors could be used as adjuvant therapy against DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nascimento
- Nephrology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G R Punaro
- Nephrology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - R S Serralha
- Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - D Y Lima
- Nephrology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M G Mouro
- Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - D E Casarini
- Nephrology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M Rodrigues
- Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E M S Higa
- Nephrology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Translational Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Emergency Division, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil
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An in vivo RNAi screen uncovers the role of AdoR signaling and adenosine deaminase in controlling intestinal stem cell activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:464-471. [PMID: 31852821 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900103117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites are increasingly appreciated for their roles as signaling molecules. To dissect the roles of metabolites, it is essential to understand their signaling pathways and their enzymatic regulations. From an RNA interference (RNAi) screen for regulators of intestinal stem cell (ISC) activity in the Drosophila midgut, we identified adenosine receptor (AdoR) as a top candidate gene required for ISC proliferation. We demonstrate that Ras/MAPK and Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling act downstream of AdoR and that Ras/MAPK mediates the major effect of AdoR on ISC proliferation. Extracellular adenosine, the ligand for AdoR, is a small metabolite that can be released by various cell types and degraded in the extracellular space by secreted adenosine deaminase. Interestingly, down-regulation of adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A (Adgf-A) from enterocytes is necessary for extracellular adenosine to activate AdoR and induce ISC overproliferation. As Adgf-A expression and its enzymatic activity decrease following tissue damage, our study provides important insights into how the enzymatic regulation of extracellular adenosine levels under tissue-damage conditions facilitates ISC proliferation.
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Appy L, Chardet C, Peyrottes S, Roy B. Synthetic Strategies for Dinucleotides Synthesis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234334. [PMID: 31783537 PMCID: PMC6930578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dinucleoside 5′,5′-polyphosphates (DNPs) are endogenous substances that play important intra- and extracellular roles in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, regulation of enzymes, neurotransmission, platelet disaggregation and modulation of vascular tone. Various methodologies have been developed over the past fifty years to access these compounds, involving enzymatic processes or chemical procedures based either on P(III) or P(V) chemistry. Both solution-phase and solid-support strategies have been developed and are reported here. Recently, green chemistry approaches have emerged, offering attracting alternatives. This review outlines the main synthetic pathways for the preparation of dinucleoside 5′,5′-polyphosphates, focusing on pharmacologically relevant compounds, and highlighting recent advances.
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63
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Onyedibe KI, Wang M, Sintim HO. ENPP1, an Old Enzyme with New Functions, and Small Molecule Inhibitors-A STING in the Tale of ENPP1. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224192. [PMID: 31752288 PMCID: PMC6891441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase I (ENPP1) was identified several decades ago as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with nucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase enzymatic activities, critical for purinergic signaling. Recently, ENPP1 has emerged as a critical phosphodiesterase that degrades the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) ligand, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). cGAMP or analogs thereof have emerged as potent immunostimulatory agents, which have potential applications in immunotherapy. This emerging role of ENPP1 has placed this "old" enzyme at the frontier of immunotherapy. This review highlights the roles played by ENPP1, the mechanism of cGAMP hydrolysis by ENPP1, and small molecule inhibitors of ENPP1 with potential applications in diverse disease states, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth I. Onyedibe
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Modi Wang
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(765)-496-6078; Fax: +1-(765)-494-0239
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Bergmann P, Garcia de Paco E, Rissiek B, Menzel S, Dubberke G, Hua J, Rassendren F, Ulmann L, Koch-Nolte F. Generation and Characterization of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies and Nanobodies Directed Against the ATP-Gated Channel P2X4. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:498. [PMID: 31798414 PMCID: PMC6861843 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The P2X4 channel is involved in different physiological and pathological conditions and functions in the nervous system. Despite the existence of several mouse models for which the expression of the gene was manipulated, there is still little information on the expression of the protein at the cellular level. In particular, supposedly specific available antibodies have often proved to recognize unrelated proteins in P2X4-deficient mice. Here, we used an in vivo DNA vaccine approach to generate a series of monoclonal antibodies and nanobodies specific for human, mouse, and rat P2X4 channels. We further characterized these antibodies and show that they solely recognize the native form of the proteins both in biochemical and cytometric applications. Some of these antibodies prove to specifically recognize P2X4 channels by immunostaining in brain or sensory ganglia slices, as well as at the cellular and subcellular levels. Due to their clonality, these different antibodies should represent versatile tools for further characterizing the cellular functions of P2X4 in the nervous system as well as at the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philine Bergmann
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elvira Garcia de Paco
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Canaux Ioniques d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (LabEx ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Björn Rissiek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Menzel
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Dubberke
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hua
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Canaux Ioniques d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (LabEx ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - François Rassendren
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Canaux Ioniques d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (LabEx ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Lauriane Ulmann
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Canaux Ioniques d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (LabEx ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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65
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Chess-Williams R, Sellers DJ, Brierley SM, Grundy D, Grundy L. Purinergic receptor mediated calcium signalling in urothelial cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16101. [PMID: 31695098 PMCID: PMC6834637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-neuronal ATP released from the urothelium in response to bladder stretch is a key modulator of bladder mechanosensation. Whilst non-neuronal ATP acts on the underlying bladder afferent nerves to facilitate sensation, there is also the potential for ATP to act in an autocrine manner, modulating urothelial cell function. The aim of this study was to systematically characterise the functional response of primary mouse urothelial cells (PMUCs) to ATP. PMUCs isolated from male mice (14–16 weeks) were used for live-cell fluorescent calcium imaging and qRT-PCR to determine the expression profile of P2X and P2Y receptors. The majority of PMUCs (74–92%) responded to ATP (1 μM–1 mM), as indicted by an increase in intracellular calcium (iCa2+). PMUCs exhibited dose-dependent responses to ATP (10 nM–1 mM) in both calcium containing (2 mM, EC50 = 3.49 ± 0.77 μM) or calcium free (0 mM, EC50 = 9.5 ± 1.5 μM) buffers. However, maximum iCa2+ responses to ATP were significantly attenuated upon repetitive applications in calcium containing but not in calcium free buffer. qRT-PCR revealed expression of P2X1–6, and P2Y1–2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11–14, but not P2X7 in PMUCs. These findings suggest the major component of ATP induced increases in iCa2+ are mediated via the liberation of calcium from intracellular stores, implicating functional P2Y receptors that are ubiquitously expressed on PMUCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Chess-Williams
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donna J Sellers
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - David Grundy
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Grundy
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. .,Visceral Pain Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia. .,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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66
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Fukumoto Y, Tanaka KF, Parajuli B, Shibata K, Yoshioka H, Kanemaru K, Gachet C, Ikenaka K, Koizumi S, Kinouchi H. Neuroprotective effects of microglial P2Y 1 receptors against ischemic neuronal injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:2144-2156. [PMID: 30334687 PMCID: PMC6827120 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18805317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP, which is released from damaged cells after ischemia, activates P2 receptors. P2Y1 receptors (P2Y1R) have received considerable attention, especially in astrocytes, because their activation plays a central role in the regulation of neuron-to-glia communication. However, the functions or even existence of P2Y1R in microglia remain unknown, despite the fact that many microglial P2 receptors are involved in several brain diseases. Herein, we demonstrate the presence and functional capability of microglial P2Y1R to provide neuroprotective effects following ischemic stress. Cerebral ischemia resulted in increased microglial P2Y1R expression. The number of injured hippocampal neurons was significantly higher in P2Y1 R knockout (KO) mice than wildtype mice after forebrain ischemia. Propidium iodide (PI) uptake, a marker for dying cells, was significantly higher in P2Y1R KO hippocampal slices compared with wildtype hippocampal slices at 48 h after 40-min oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Furthermore, increased PI uptake following OGD was rescued by ectopic overexpression of P2Y1R in microglia. In summary, these data suggest that microglial P2Y1R mediate neuroprotective effects against ischemic stress and OGD insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Fukumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bijay Parajuli
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shibata
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kanemaru
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Christian Gachet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Strasbourg, France
| | - Kazuhiro Ikenaka
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kinouchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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67
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Kitabatake K, Yoshida E, Kaji T, Tsukimoto M. Involvement of adenosine A2B receptor in radiation-induced translocation of epidermal growth factor receptor and DNA damage response leading to radioresistance in human lung cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129457. [PMID: 31678144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine receptors are involved in tumor growth, progression, and response to therapy. Among them, A2B receptor is highly expressed in various tumors. Furthermore, ionizing radiation induces translocation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which promotes DNA repair and contributes to radioresistance. We hypothesized that A2B receptor might be involved in the translocation of EGFR. METHODS We investigated whether A2B receptor is involved in EGFR translocation and DNA damage response (γH2AX/53BP1 focus formation) of lung cancer cells by means of immunofluorescence studies. Radiosensitivity was evaluated by colony formation assay after γ-irradiation. RESULTS A2B receptor was expressed at higher levels in cancer cells than in normal cells. A2B receptor antagonist treatment or A2B receptor knockdown suppressed EGFR translocation, γH2AX/53BP1 focus formation, and colony formation of lung cancer cell lines A549, calu-6 and NCI-H446, compared with a normal cell line (beas-2b). γ-Irradiation-induced phosphorylation of src and EGFR was also attenuated by suppression of A2B receptor expression. CONCLUSION Activation of A2B receptor mediates γ-radiation-induced translocation of EGFR and phosphorylation of src and EGFR, thereby promoting recovery of irradiated lung cancer cells from DNA damage. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicate that A2B receptors contribute to radiation resistance in a cancer-cell-specific manner, and may be a promising target for radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kitabatake
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Eiko Yoshida
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kaji
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan.
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68
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Impacts of Escherichia coli infection in young breeder chicks on the animal behavior and cerebral activity of purinergic and cholinergic enzymes involved in the regulation of molecules with neurotransmitter and neuromodulator function. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103787. [PMID: 31604153 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate if infection by Escherichia coli in juvenile breeder chicks alters the activity of enzymes involved in neurotransmission and cerebral immunomodulation, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase (5'NT) and adenosine deaminase (ADA), as well as their effects on the pathogenesis of the disease. We divided 20 growing breeder chicks into two groups (n = 10 per group). One group was experimentally infected with 1 mL of culture medium containing 1 × 108 CFU of E. coli intraperitoneally. The other was the negative control. On the tenth day after infection, the animals were euthanized and brain samples were collected. Macroscopically, pericarditis and hepatic congestion were observed in the birds, but without histopathological lesions in the encephalon although the bacterium was present in the cerebral cortex of all animals in the infected group (i.e., they were PCR-positive). The activity of AChE, NTPDase, 5'-NT and ADA were evaluated in the cerebral homogenates of the birds after 10 days of infection. AChE activity in the cerebral cortex was lower in the infected group than in the control; there was an increase in the activity of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and ADA, possibly indicating greater hydrolysis of ATP (P < 0.001), ADP (P < 0.01) and AMP (P < 0.01), followed by increased adenosine deamination (P < 0.001). Despite these changes, no apparently diseased animals were observed throughout the experimental period. Therefore, such changes in enzymatic activity may affect the functioning of the central nervous system because these enzymes are responsible for extracellular regulation of molecules that act on neurotransmission and immunomodulation such as acetylcholine, ATP and adenosine.
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69
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Asif A, Khalid M, Manzoor S, Ahmad H, Rehman AU. Role of purinergic receptors in hepatobiliary carcinoma in Pakistani population: an approach towards proinflammatory role of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:367-374. [PMID: 31401785 PMCID: PMC6737133 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary malignancy of liver, known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), comprises 9% of all hepatobiliary carcinomas. A steady rise has also been observed in adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the liver and ampullary carcinoma (AMC), ascending to 0.5% of gastrointestinal malignancies. Hepatobiliary carcinomas consist of 13% of all cancer occurrences worldwide. Purinergic receptor-based signaling holds the therapeutic potential based on its role in cell proliferation of several carcinomas. An altered ATP concentration in nanomoles may lead towards crucial changes in cancer growth patterns in liver tissue. A total of 40 tissue samples were collected (20 samples of HCC, 10 samples of ADC, and 10 samples of AMC) from patients that underwent surgery. P2X4 and P2X7 receptors exhibited significantly increased expression in HCC, ADC, and AMC samples as compared with the control tissue samples. While ADC and AMC samples showed higher expression of P2X4 and P2X7 than the control, statistically, HCC samples exhibited the most significant expression of both P2X4 and P2X7 receptors than control tissues. It may be inferred that higher expression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors is significantly associated with the upregulated cellular stress leading to inflammation and it is plausible that both these receptors may be used in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for carcinoma studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Asif
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Khalid
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hassam Ahmad
- Hepato-pancreatobiliary Liver Transplant Unit, Shaikh Zayd Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ur Rehman
- Department of Histopathology, Shaikh Zayd Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
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Vallon V, Unwin R, Inscho EW, Leipziger J, Kishore BK. Extracellular Nucleotides and P2 Receptors in Renal Function. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:211-269. [PMID: 31437091 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the nucleotide/P2 receptor system in the regulation of renal hemodynamics and transport function has grown exponentially over the last 20 yr. This review attempts to integrate the available data while also identifying areas of missing information. First, the determinants of nucleotide concentrations in the interstitial and tubular fluids of the kidney are described, including mechanisms of cellular release of nucleotides and their extracellular breakdown. Then the renal cell membrane expression of P2X and P2Y receptors is discussed in the context of their effects on renal vascular and tubular functions. Attention is paid to effects on the cortical vasculature and intraglomerular structures, autoregulation of renal blood flow, tubuloglomerular feedback, and the control of medullary blood flow. The role of the nucleotide/P2 receptor system in the autocrine/paracrine regulation of sodium and fluid transport in the tubular and collecting duct system is outlined together with its role in integrative sodium and fluid homeostasis and blood pressure control. The final section summarizes the rapidly growing evidence indicating a prominent role of the extracellular nucleotide/P2 receptor system in the pathophysiology of the kidney and aims to identify potential therapeutic opportunities, including hypertension, lithium-induced nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and kidney inflammation. We are only beginning to unravel the distinct physiological and pathophysiological influences of the extracellular nucleotide/P2 receptor system and the associated therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Vallon
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; IMED ECD CVRM R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health & Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Robert Unwin
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; IMED ECD CVRM R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health & Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Edward W Inscho
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; IMED ECD CVRM R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health & Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jens Leipziger
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; IMED ECD CVRM R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health & Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bellamkonda K Kishore
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; IMED ECD CVRM R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Departments of Internal Medicine and Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, and Center on Aging, University of Utah Health & Nephrology Research, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Guo H, Chang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Yu H, Zhang Y, Zhao R, He B. Extracellular ATPs produced in seminal plasma exosomes regulate boar sperm motility and mitochondrial metabolism. Theriogenology 2019; 139:113-120. [PMID: 31401476 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Artificial insemination using diluted semen with reduced presence of seminal plasma has been applied worldwide. Sperm stored in seminal plasma rather than diluted or removed show improvement in survival and motility. However, the link between seminal plasma and sperm remains poorly understood. This study focuses on the effect of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (exATP) produced by boar seminal plasma exosomes on sperm motility, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. The seminal plasma exosomes had an average diameter of 86.6 nm and showed universal exosome markers, such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and CD63. Production of net ATP increased when exosomes were incubated with glucose and partly inhibited by a glycolytic inhibitor such as iodoacetate. Fresh boar sperm incubated with exATP significantly increased sperm motility and reduced apoptotic rate. Ser21 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3α (inactivation) also significantly increased, consistent with the increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential in the exATP-treated sperm. Moreover, exATP treatment increased the intracellular ATP (inATP) concentration and decreased the ADP/ATP ratio in boar sperm. Lactate content in the incubation medium was decreased, whereas lactate dehydrogenase activity in sperm was increased. This finding suggested that exATP could prompt lactate to produce inATP in order to sustain motility. The combined results indicate that exATP produced in seminal plasma exosomes may finely modulate mitochondrial metabolism to control sperm motility. The results can provide insights into semen dilution and artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiduo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhanglin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhilong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pigs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, PR China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yanwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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The role of microglia and P2X7 receptors in gliomas. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 332:138-146. [PMID: 31031209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most prevalent tumours of the central nervous system and present with high morbidity and mortality. The most common and most aggressive form of glioma is glioblastoma multiforme, of which patients have a median survival time of only 12 to 15 months. Current treatment options are limited and have a small impact on clinical outcome and prognosis. There is accumulating evidence that microglia, the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system, and the purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) may contribute to tumour progression and pathology. Importantly, P2X7R on both tumour cells and infiltrating microglia is overexpressed in animal and human glioma cultures. Factors released by glioma cells and P2X7R activation recruit microglia into the largely immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment where they have been demonstrated to contribute to either tumour proliferation or tumour suppression. It is likely that P2X7R mediates a range of microglia effector functions in the glioma setting, potentially increasing tumour growth and proliferation. This review evaluates current evidence on the roles of microglia and P2X7R in glioma pathogenesis. Understanding the nature, mechanisms and outcomes of microglia and P2X7R activation in gliomas is necessary for the development of more therapies with increased efficacy and specificity.
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Grygorczyk R, Boudreault F, Tan JJ, Ponomarchuk O, Sokabe M, Furuya K. Mechanosensitive ATP release in the lungs: New insights from real-time luminescence imaging studies. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2019; 83:45-76. [PMID: 31196610 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP and other nucleotides are important autocrine/paracrine mediators that stimulate purinergic receptors and regulate diverse processes in the normal lungs. They are also associated with pathogenesis of a number of respiratory diseases and clinical complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome and ventilator induced lung injury. Mechanical forces are major stimuli for cellular ATP release but precise mechanisms responsible for this release are still debated. The present review intends to provide the current state of knowledge of the mechanisms of ATP release in the lung. Putative pathways of the release, including the contribution of cell membrane injury and cell lysis are discussed addressing their strength, weaknesses and missing evidence that requires future study. We also provide an overview of the recent technical advances in studying cellular ATP release in vitro and ex vivo. Special attention is given to new insights into lung ATP release obtained with the real-time luminescence ATP imaging. This includes recent data on stretch-induced mechanosensitive ATP release in a model and primary cells of lung alveoli in vitro as well as inflation-induced ATP release in airspaces and pulmonary blood vessels of lungs, ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ju Jing Tan
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Olga Ponomarchuk
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Masahiro Sokabe
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kishio Furuya
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Linden J, Koch-Nolte F, Dahl G. Purine Release, Metabolism, and Signaling in the Inflammatory Response. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 37:325-347. [PMID: 30676821 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ATP, NAD+, and nucleic acids are abundant purines that, in addition to having critical intracellular functions, have evolved extracellular roles as danger signals released in response to cell lysis, apoptosis, degranulation, or membrane pore formation. In general ATP and NAD+ have excitatory and adenosine has anti-inflammatory effects on immune cells. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of purine release mechanisms, ectoenzymes that metabolize purines (CD38, CD39, CD73, ENPP1, and ENPP2/autotaxin), and signaling by key P2 purinergic receptors (P2X7, P2Y2, and P2Y12). In addition to metabolizing ATP or NAD+, some purinergic ectoenzymes metabolize other inflammatory modulators, notably lysophosphatidic acid and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). Also discussed are extracellular signaling effects of NAD+ mediated by ADP-ribosylation, and epigenetic effects of intracellular adenosine mediated by modification of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Linden
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA; .,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany;
| | - Gerhard Dahl
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA;
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75
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Erb L, Woods LT, Khalafalla MG, Weisman GA. Purinergic signaling in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2018; 151:25-37. [PMID: 30472151 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by three major histopathological markers: amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and gliosis in the central nervous system (CNS). It is now accepted that neuroinflammatory events in the CNS play a crucial role in the development of AD. This review focuses on neuroinflammatory signaling mediated by purinergic receptors (P1 adenosine receptors, P2X ATP-gated ion channels and G protein-coupled P2Y nucleotide receptors) and how therapeutic modulation of purinergic signaling influences disease progression in AD patients and animal models of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Erb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lucas T Woods
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mahmoud G Khalafalla
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gary A Weisman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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76
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Role of purinergic receptors in the Alzheimer's disease. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:331-344. [PMID: 30362042 PMCID: PMC6298926 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiology of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not fully understood. Different pathological processes are considered, such as amyloid deposition, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress (OS), metal ion disregulation, or chronic neuroinflammation. Purinergic signaling is involved in all these processes, suggesting the importance of nucleotide receptors (P2X and P2Y) and adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, A3) present on the CNS cells. Ecto-purines, ecto-pyrimidines, and enzymes participating in their metabolism are present in the inter-cellular spaces. Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in brain induces the ATP release into the extra-cellular space, which in turn stimulates the P2X7 receptors. Activation of P2X7 results in the increased synthesis and release of many pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, activation of P2X7 leads to the decreased activity of α-secretase, while activation of P2Y2 receptor has an opposite effect. Simultaneous inhibition of P2X7 and stimulation of P2Y2 would therefore be the efficient way of the α-secretase activation. Activation of P2Y2 receptors present in neurons, glia cells, and endothelial cells may have a positive neuroprotective effect in AD. The OS may also be counteracted via the purinergic signaling. ADP and its non-hydrolysable analogs activate P2Y13 receptors, leading to the increased activity of heme oxygenase, which has a cytoprotective activity. Adenosine, via A1 and A2A receptors, affects the dopaminergic and glutaminergic signaling, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF), and also changes the synaptic plasticity (e.g., causing a prolonged excitation or inhibition) in brain regions responsible for learning and memory. Such activity may be advantageous in the Alzheimer’s disease.
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77
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ATP in the tumour microenvironment drives expression of nfP2X 7, a key mediator of cancer cell survival. Oncogene 2018; 38:194-208. [PMID: 30087439 PMCID: PMC6328436 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-gated receptor P2X7 is expressed in multiple malignant tumours including neuroblastoma, melanoma, prostate, lung and breast. P2X7 has a significant role in mediating diverse cell responses, which upon dysregulation are associated with tumour initiation and development. The rapid, ATP-mediated activation of P2X7 induces a fast-inward cation current in cells. However, prolonged ATP-mediated activation of P2X7 leads to formation of a pore that increases membrane permeability and eventually causes cell death. This presents a potential paradox, as the tumour microenvironment contains extracellular ATP at levels sufficient to activate the P2X7 pore and trigger cell death. However, P2X7 expression is associated with enhanced cancer cell survival, proliferation and metastatic potential. At least one distinct conformational form of P2X7, termed non-pore functional P2X7 (nfP2X7), has been described, which is not able to form a functional pore. We demonstrate for the first time in this study that exposure to a high ATP concentration, equivalent to those measured in the tumour microenvironment, drives nfP2X7 expression and also that nfP2X7 is essential for tumour cell survival. We show that monoclonal antibodies raised against a P2X7 amino acid sequence (200–216), whose conformation is distinct from that of wild-type (WT) P2X7, bind specifically to nfP2X7 expressed on the surface of tumour cells. We also show that nfP2X7 is broadly expressed in patient-derived tumour sections from a wide range of cancers. Therefore, antibodies raised against E200 provide tools that can differentiate between forms of the P2X7 receptor that have a key role in cancer.
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78
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Ramirez JM, Severs LJ, Ramirez SC, Agosto‐Marlin IM. Advances in cellular and integrative control of oxygen homeostasis within the central nervous system. J Physiol 2018; 596:3043-3065. [PMID: 29742297 PMCID: PMC6068258 DOI: 10.1113/jp275890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals must continuously regulate the levels of O2 and CO2 , which is particularly important for the brain. Failure to maintain adequate O2 /CO2 homeostasis has been associated with numerous disorders including sleep apnoea, Rett syndrome and sudden infant death syndrome. But, O2 /CO2 homeostasis poses major regulatory challenges, even in the healthy brain. Neuronal activities change in a differentiated, spatially and temporally complex manner, which is reflected in equally complex changes in O2 demand. This raises important questions: is oxygen sensing an emergent property, locally generated within all active neuronal networks, and/or the property of specialized O2 -sensitive CNS regions? Increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of the brain's redox state involves properties that are intrinsic to many networks, but that specialized regions in the brainstem orchestrate the integrated control of respiratory and cardiovascular functions. Although the levels of O2 in arterial blood and the CNS are very different, neuro-glial interactions and purinergic signalling are critical for both peripheral and CNS chemosensation. Indeed, the specificity of neuroglial interactions seems to determine the differential responses to O2 , CO2 and the changes in pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Marino Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Liza J. Severs
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Sanja C. Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Ibis M. Agosto‐Marlin
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
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79
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Sugiyama T. Special Issue for Purinergic Receptors, Particularly P2X 7 Receptor, in the Eye. Vision (Basel) 2018; 2:E30. [PMID: 31735893 PMCID: PMC6835916 DOI: 10.3390/vision2030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Sugiyama
- Nakano Eye Clinic of Kyoto Medical Co-operative, Kyoto 604-8404, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-75-801-4151
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285-8741, Japan
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80
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Abdolmaleki F, Farahani N, Gheibi Hayat SM, Pirro M, Bianconi V, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. The Role of Efferocytosis in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1645. [PMID: 30083153 PMCID: PMC6064952 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis happens continuously for millions of cells along with the active removal of apoptotic debris in order to maintain tissue homeostasis. In this respect, efferocytosis, i.e., the process of dead cell clearance, is orchestrated through cell exposure of a set of "find me," "eat me," and "tolerate me" signals facilitating the engulfment of dying cells through phagocytosis by macrophages and dendritic cells. The clearance of dead cells via phagocytes is of utmost importance to maintain the immune system tolerance to self-antigens. Accordingly, this biological activity prevents the release of autoantigens by dead cells, thus potentially suppressing the undesirable autoreactivity of immune cells and the appearance of inflammatory autoimmune disorders as systemic lupus erythematous and rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, the apoptosis pathways and their immune regulation were reviewed. Moreover, efferocytosis process and its impairment in association with some autoimmune diseases were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshte Abdolmaleki
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Najmeh Farahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - George E. Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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81
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Chanson M, Watanabe M, O'Shaughnessy EM, Zoso A, Martin PE. Connexin Communication Compartments and Wound Repair in Epithelial Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051354. [PMID: 29751558 PMCID: PMC5983803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues line the lumen of tracts and ducts connecting to the external environment. They are critical in forming an interface between the internal and external environment and, following assault from environmental factors and pathogens, they must rapidly repair to maintain cellular homeostasis. These tissue networks, that range from a single cell layer, such as in airway epithelium, to highly stratified and differentiated epithelial surfaces, such as the epidermis, are held together by a junctional nexus of proteins including adherens, tight and gap junctions, often forming unique and localised communication compartments activated for localised tissue repair. This review focuses on the dynamic changes that occur in connexins, the constituent proteins of the intercellular gap junction channel, during wound-healing processes and in localised inflammation, with an emphasis on the lung and skin. Current developments in targeting connexins as corrective therapies to improve wound closure and resolve localised inflammation are also discussed. Finally, we consider the emergence of the zebrafish as a concerted whole-animal model to study, visualise and track the events of wound repair and regeneration in real-time living model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Chanson
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Masakatsu Watanabe
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Erin M O'Shaughnessy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
| | - Alice Zoso
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Patricia E Martin
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
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82
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Epigenetic Programming of Synthesis, Release, and/or Receptor Expression of Common Mediators Participating in the Risk/Resilience for Comorbid Stress-Related Disorders and Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041224. [PMID: 29670001 PMCID: PMC5979500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotrophin releasing factor, vasopressin, oxytocin, natriuretic hormones, angiotensin, neuregulins, some purinergic substances, and some cytokines contribute to the long-term modulation and restructuring of cardiovascular regulation networks and, at the same time, have relevance in situations of comorbid abnormal stress responses. The synthesis, release, and receptor expression of these mediators seem to be under epigenetic control since early stages of life, possibly underlying the comorbidity to coronary artery disease (CAD) and stress-related disorders (SRD). The exposure to environmental conditions, such as stress, during critical periods in early life may cause epigenetic programming modifying the development of pathways that lead to stable and long-lasting alterations in the functioning of these mediators during adulthood, determining the risk of or resilience to CAD and SRD. However, in contrast to genetic information, epigenetic marks may be dynamically altered throughout the lifespan. Therefore, epigenetics may be reprogrammed if the individual accepts the challenge to undertake changes in their lifestyle. Alternatively, epigenetics may remain fixed and/or even be inherited in the next generation. In this paper, we analyze some of the common neuroendocrine functions of these mediators in CAD and SRD and summarize the evidence indicating that they are under early programming to put forward the theoretical hypothesis that the comorbidity of these diseases might be epigenetically programmed and modified over the lifespan of the individual.
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83
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Grusha MM, Romanenko OV. State of Synaptic Inhibition in Smooth Muscles of the Colon of Individuals of Different Ages. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-018-9692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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84
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Mohamadi A, Aghaei M, Panjehpour M. Estrogen stimulates adenosine receptor expression subtypes in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Res Pharm Sci 2018; 13:57-64. [PMID: 29387112 PMCID: PMC5772082 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.220968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is a steroid hormone that plays a key role in the development and regulation of reproductive system. It has been shown that estrogen is related to breast cancer development through binding to its receptors. In order to uncover the estrogen effects on adenosine receptor expression, estrogen-positive MCF-7 cells were used to treat with agonist and antagonist of estrogen and then the mRNA expression of adenosine receptor subtypes were evaluated. Estrogen-positive MCF-7 cells were treated with various concentrations of 17β estradiol (E2) as an estrogen agonist, and ICI 182,780 as an estrogen antagonist. The gene expression of adenosine receptor subtypes were detected by real time RT-PCR. The results of MTT assay showed that E2 increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner. The expression pattern of all adenosine receptor subtypes are as follow; A2b > A1 > A2a > A3 in untreated MCF-7 cells. Obtained results showed that E2 incubation at 0.001-0.01 μM led to up-regulation of A1ARs, A2aARs and A3ARs dose dependently. E2 at 0.001 μM also had no significant effect on A2bARs expression but, at higher doses induced a considerable decrease in mRNA A2bARs expression. Treatment with antagonist confirmed that up-regulation of these receptors is mediated by estrogen receptor. Taken together, our results indicate that treatment of MCF-7 cells with E2 led to up-regulation of adenosine receptors. However, these effects were partially restored by treatment with antagonist suggesting that such effects are mediated by estrogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mohamadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mojtaba Panjehpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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85
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Li S, Bjelobaba I, Stojilkovic SS. Interactions of Pannexin1 channels with purinergic and NMDA receptor channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:166-173. [PMID: 28389204 PMCID: PMC5628093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pannexins are a three-member family of vertebrate plasma membrane spanning molecules that have homology to the invertebrate gap junction forming proteins, the innexins. However, pannexins do not form gap junctions but operate as plasma membrane channels. The best-characterized member of these proteins, Pannexin1 (Panx1) was suggested to be functionally associated with purinergic P2X and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels. Activation of these receptor channels by their endogenous ligands leads to cross-activation of Panx1 channels. This in turn potentiates P2X and NMDA receptor channel signaling. Two potentiation concepts have been suggested: enhancement of the current responses and/or sustained receptor channel activation by ATP released through Panx1 pore and adenosine generated by ectonucleotidase-dependent dephosphorylation of ATP. Here we summarize the current knowledge and hypotheses about interactions of Panx1 channels with P2X and NMDA receptor channels. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ivana Bjelobaba
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stanko S Stojilkovic
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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86
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Evidence for astrocyte purinergic signaling in cortical sensory adaptation and serotonin-mediated neuromodulation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 88:53-61. [PMID: 29277734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the somatosensory cortex, inhibitory networks are involved in low frequency sensory input adaptation/habituation that can be observed as a paired-pulse depression when using a dual stimulus electrophysiological paradigm. Given that astrocytes have been shown to regulate inhibitory interneuron activity, we hypothesized that astrocytes are involved in cortical sensory adaptation/habituation and constitute effectors of the 5HT-mediated increase in frequency transmission. Using extracellular recordings of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (eEPSPs) in layer II/III of somatosensory cortex, we used various pharmacological approaches to assess the recruitment of astrocyte signaling in paired-pulse depression and serotonin-mediated increase in the paired-pulse ratio (pulse 2/pulse 1). In the absence of neuromodulators or pharmacological agents, the first eEPSP is much larger in amplitude than the second due to the recruitment of long-lasting evoked GABAA-dependent inhibitory activity from the first stimulus. Disruption of glycolysis or mGluR5 signaling resulted in a very similar loss of paired-pulse depression in field recordings. Interestingly, paired-pulse depression was similarly sensitive to disruption by ATP P2Y and adenosine A2A receptor antagonists. In addition, we show that pharmacological disruption of paired-pulse depression by mGluR5, P2Y, and glycolysis inhibition precluded serotonin effects on frequency transmission (typically increased the paired-pulse ratio). These data highlight the possibility for astrocyte involvement in cortical inhibitory activity seen in this simple cortical network and that serotonin may act on astrocytes to exert some aspects of its modulatory influence.
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87
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Carpenter B, Lebon G. Human Adenosine A 2A Receptor: Molecular Mechanism of Ligand Binding and Activation. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:898. [PMID: 29311917 PMCID: PMC5736361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) comprise the P1 class of purinergic receptors and belong to the largest family of integral membrane proteins in the human genome, the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). ARs are classified into four subtypes, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, which are all activated by extracellular adenosine, and play central roles in a broad range of physiological processes, including sleep regulation, angiogenesis and modulation of the immune system. ARs are potential therapeutic targets in a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including sleep disorders, cancer, and dementia, which has made them important targets for structural biology. Over a decade of research and innovation has culminated with the publication of more than 30 crystal structures of the human adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), making it one of the best structurally characterized GPCRs at the atomic level. In this review we analyze the structural data reported for A2AR that described for the first time the binding of mode of antagonists, including newly developed drug candidates, synthetic and endogenous agonists, sodium ions and an engineered G protein. These structures have revealed the key conformational changes induced upon agonist and G protein binding that are central to signal transduction by A2AR, and have highlighted both similarities and differences in the activation mechanism of this receptor compared to other class A GPCRs. Finally, comparison of A2AR with the recently solved structures of A1R has provided the first structural insight into the molecular determinants of ligand binding specificity in different AR subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Carpenter
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Lebon
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Neuroscience Department, UMR CNRS 5203, INSERM U1191, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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88
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Bustamante S, Gilchrist RB, Richani D. A sensitive method for the separation and quantification of low-level adenine nucleotides using porous graphitic carbon-based liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:445-451. [PMID: 28820983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography coupled to heated electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of low nanomolar level adenine nucleotides AMP, ADP, ATP, cyclic AMP (cAMP), and the nucleoside adenosine. For analyte retention and separation, reverse phase chromatography using porous graphitic carbon (PGC) was employed as it provided full resolution. The erratic chromatographic behaviour characteristic of PGC, including deterioration of analyte resolution and increased peak tailing (leading to decreased sensitivity), was mitigated by incorporating acidic equilibration within runs using a quaternary gradient. Analyte resolution and chromatographic sensitivity were still lost after a period of column inactivity; hence a pre-conditioning protocol was implemented between batches to regenerate the column. These column regeneration measures also allowed elution of AMP, ADP and ATP in the sequence of mono- to tri- nucleotides, differing from conventional reverse phase elution where analytes elute with decreasing polarity. This nucleotide elution sequence has the advantage of overcoming potential mis-annotation and inaccurate quantification of smaller nucleotides caused by in-source fragmentation of ATP. The method was validated in granulosa cell conditioned media, with the LLOQs ranging between 10-50nM for most analytes. To verify the method using biological samples, nucleotide secretion was measured in granulosa cell conditioned media under various treatments known to alter their levels. Moreover, the method was applied to cumulus-oocyte complex cell lysates to examine its linearity in a complex matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Bustamante
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Robert B Gilchrist
- School of Women's & Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Dulama Richani
- School of Women's & Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, 2052, Australia.
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89
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Lima MHF, Sacramento LA, Quirino GFS, Ferreira MD, Benevides L, Santana AKM, Cunha FQ, Almeida RP, Silva JS, Carregaro V. Leishmania infantum Parasites Subvert the Host Inflammatory Response through the Adenosine A2 A Receptor to Promote the Establishment of Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:815. [PMID: 28775724 PMCID: PMC5517451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenously released purine nucleoside that signals through four widely expressed G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Of these, A2AR is recognized as mediating major adenosine anti-inflammatory activity. During cutaneous leishmaniasis, adenosine induces immunosuppression, which promotes the establishment of infection. Herein, we demonstrated that A2AR signaling is exploited by Leishmania infantum parasites, the etiologic agent that causes Visceral Leishmaniasis, to successfully colonize the vertebrate host. A2AR gene-deleted mice exhibited a well-developed cellular reaction with a strong Th1 immune response in the parasitized organs. An intense infiltration of activated neutrophils into the disease-target organs was observed in A2AR−/− mice. These cells were characterized by high expression of CXCR2 and CD69 on their cell surfaces and increased cxcl1 expression. Interestingly, this phenotype was mediated by IFN-γ on the basis that a neutralizing antibody specific to this cytokine prevented neutrophilic influx into parasitized organs. In evaluating the immunosuppressive effects, we identified a decreased number of CD4+ FOXP3+ T cells and reduced il10 expression in A2AR−/− infected mice. During ex vivo cell culture, A2AR−/− splenocytes produced smaller amounts of IL-10. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the A2AR signaling pathway is detrimental to development of Th1-type adaptive immunity and that this pathway could be associated with the regulatory process. In particular, it promotes parasite surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhael H F Lima
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lais A Sacramento
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo F S Quirino
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela D Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Benevides
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alynne K M Santana
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roque P Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - João S Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Carregaro
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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90
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Akomolafe SF. The effects of caffeine, caffeic acid, and their combination on acetylcholinesterase, adenosine deaminase and arginase activities linked with brain function. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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91
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Techatharatip O, Nowwarote N, Taebunpakul S, Pavasant P. Biphasic Effect of ATP on In Vitro Mineralization of Dental Pulp Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:488-498. [PMID: 28598038 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp cells release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in response to intrapulpal pressure and the amount released depends on the magnitude of the pressure. ATP regulates the differentiation of stem cells into adipocytes and osteoblasts. However, it is unknown whether extracellular ATP influences the stemness and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of extracellular ATP at a low (0.1 μM) and high (10 μM) concentration on the stemness and osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. Cells were cultured in either growth medium or osteogenic medium with or without 0.1-10 μM ATP. In growth medium, both concentrations of ATP increased the mRNA expression of pluripotent and osteogenic markers. In contrast, in osteogenic medium, 0.1 μM ATP enhanced in vitro mineralization, whereas 10 μM ATP inhibited this process. In addition, 10 μM ATP stimulated the mRNA expression and activity of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP), an enzyme that regulates the phosphate/pyrophosphate ratio. Thus, depending on the growth condition and its concentration, ATP stimulated stemness and in vitro mineralization or inhibited mineralization. In growth medium, both ATP concentrations stimulated pluripotent and osteogenic marker gene expression. However, in osteogenic medium, a biphasic effect was found on in vitro mineralization; the low concentration stimulated, whereas the high concentration inhibited, mineralization. We propose that ATP released due to mechanical stress modulates the stemness and differentiation of SHEDs. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 488-498, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oranuch Techatharatip
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Mineralized Tissue Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Mineralized Tissue Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Prasit Pavasant
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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92
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Reigada D, Navarro-Ruiz RM, Caballero-López MJ, Del Águila Á, Muñoz-Galdeano T, Maza RM, Nieto-Díaz M. Diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap 4A) inhibits ATP-induced excitotoxicity: a neuroprotective strategy for traumatic spinal cord injury treatment. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:75-87. [PMID: 27761681 PMCID: PMC5334201 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing cell death during the secondary injury is a major priority in the development of a cure for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). One of the earliest processes that follow SCI is the excitotoxicity resulting from the massive release of excitotoxicity mediators, including ATP, which induce an excessive and/or prolonged activation of their receptors and a deregulation of the calcium homeostasis. Diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) is an endogenous purinergic agonist, present in both extracellular and intracellular fluids, with promising cytoprotective effects in different diseases including neurodegenerative processes. In a search for efficient neuroprotective strategies for SCI, we have tested the capability of Ap4A to reduce the excitotoxic death mediated by the ATP-induced deregulation of calcium homeostasis and its consequences on tissue preservation and functional recovery in a mouse model of moderate contusive SCI. Our analyses with the murine neural cell line Neuro2a demonstrate that treatment with Ap4A reduces ATP-dependent excitotoxic death by both lowering the intracellular calcium response and decreasing the expression of specific purinergic receptors. Follow-up analyses in a mouse model of contusive SCI showed that acute administration of Ap4A following SCI reduces tissue damage and improves motor function recovery. These results suggest that Ap4A cytoprotection results from a decrease of the purinergic tone preventing the effects of a massive release of ATP after SCI, probably together with a direct induction of anti-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways via activation of P2Y2 proposed in previous studies. In conclusion, Ap4A may be a good candidate for an SCI therapy, particularly to reduce excitotoxicity in combination with other modulators and/or inhibitors of the excitotoxic process that are being tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reigada
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosa María Navarro-Ruiz
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marcos Javier Caballero-López
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Ángela Del Águila
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Teresa Muñoz-Galdeano
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rodrigo M. Maza
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Manuel Nieto-Díaz
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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93
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Kojima S, Ohshima Y, Nakatsukasa H, Tsukimoto M. Role of ATP as a Key Signaling Molecule Mediating Radiation-Induced Biological Effects. Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817690638. [PMID: 28250717 PMCID: PMC5318813 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817690638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) serves as a signaling molecule for adaptive responses to a variety of cytotoxic agents and plays an important role in mediating the radiation stress-induced responses that serve to mitigate or repair the injurious effects of γ radiation on the body. Indeed, low doses of radiation may have a net beneficial effect by activating a variety of protective mechanisms, including antitumor immune responses. On the other hand, ATP signaling may be involved in the radiation resistance of cancer cells. Here, focusing on our previous work, we review the evidence that low-dose γ irradiation (0.25-0.5 Gy) induces release of extracellular ATP, and that the released ATP mediates multiple radiation-induced responses, including increased intracellular antioxidant synthesis, cell-mediated immune responses, induction of DNA damage repair systems, and differentiation of regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Kojima
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ohshima
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakatsukasa
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Chiba, Japan
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94
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Akinyemi AJ, Okonkwo PK, Faboya OA, Onikanni SA, Fadaka A, Olayide I, Akinyemi EO, Oboh G. Curcumin improves episodic memory in cadmium induced memory impairment through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities in a rat model. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:87-95. [PMID: 27491636 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, the main polyphenolic component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizomes has been reported to exert cognitive enhancing potential with limited scientific basis. Hence, this study sought to evaluate the effect of curcumin on cerebral cortex acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities in cadmium (Cd)-induced memory impairment in rats. Animals were divided into six groups (n = 6): saline/vehicle, saline/curcumin 12.5 mg/kg, saline/curcumin 25 mg/kg, Cd/vehicle, Cd/curcumin 12.5 mg/kg, and Cd/curcumin 25 mg/kg. Rats received Cd (2.5 mg/kg) and curcumin (12.5 and 25 mg/kg, respectively) by gavage for 7 days. The results of this study revealed that cerebral cortex AChE and ADA activities were increased in Cd-poisoned rats, and curcumin co-treatment reversed these activities to the control levels. Furthermore, Cd intoxication increased the level of lipid peroxidation in cerebral cortex with a concomitant decreased in functional sulfuhydryl (-SH) group and nitric oxide (NO), a potent neurotransmitter and neuromodulatory agent. However, the co-treatment with curcumin at 12.5 and 25 mg/kg, respectively increased the non-enzymatic antioxidant status and NO in cerebral cortex with a decreased in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Therefore, inhibition of AChE and ADA activities as well as increased antioxidant status by curcumin in Cd-induced memory dysfunction could suggest some possible mechanism of action for their cognitive enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi
- Department of Chemical Science, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5454, Nigeria.
| | - Princess Kamsy Okonkwo
- Department of Chemical Science, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5454, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Ayodeji Faboya
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5363, Nigeria
- Department of Clinical Science, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Amos Onikanni
- Department of Chemical Science, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5454, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Fadaka
- Department of Chemical Science, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5454, Nigeria
| | - Israel Olayide
- Department of Chemical Science, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Private Mail Bag, 5454, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Olufisayo Akinyemi
- Center for Child and Adolescence Mental Health (CCAMH), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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95
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Targeting the tight junction protein, zonula occludens-1, with the connexin43 mimetic peptide, αCT1, reduces VEGF-dependent RPE pathophysiology. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:535-552. [PMID: 28132078 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A critical target tissue in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which forms the outer blood-retina barrier (BRB). RPE-barrier dysfunction might result from attenuation/disruption of intercellular tight junctions. Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is a major structural protein of intercellular junctions. A connexin43-based peptide mimetic, αCT1, was developed to competitively block interactions at the PDZ2 domain of ZO-1, thereby inhibiting ligands that selectively bind to this domain. We hypothesized that targeting ZO-1 signaling using αCT1 would maintain BRB integrity and reduce RPE pathophysiology by stabilizing gap- and/or tight-junctions. RPE-cell barrier dysfunction was generated in mice using laser photocoagulation triggering choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or bright light exposure leading to morphological damage. αCT1 was delivered via eye drops. αCT1 treatment reduced CNV development and fluid leakage as determined by optical coherence tomography, and damage was correlated with disruption in cellular integrity of surrounding RPE cells. Light damage significantly disrupted RPE cell morphology as determined by ZO-1 and occludin staining and tiling pattern analysis, which was prevented by αCT1 pre-treatment. In vitro experiments using RPE and MDCK monolayers indicated that αCT1 stabilizes tight junctions, independent of its effects on Cx43. Taken together, stabilization of intercellular junctions by αCT1 was effective in ameliorating RPE dysfunction in models of AMD-like pathology. KEY MESSAGE The connexin43 mimetic αCT1 accumulates in the mouse retinal pigment epithelium following topical delivery via eye drops. αCT1 eye drops prevented RPE-cell barrier dysfunction in two mouse models. αCT1 stabilizes intercellular tight junctions. Stabilization of cellular junctions via αCT1 may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for both wet and dry age-related macular degeneration.
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96
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Akinyemi AJ, Oboh G, Oyeleye SI, Ogunsuyi O. Anti-amnestic Effect of Curcumin in Combination with Donepezil, an Anticholinesterase Drug: Involvement of Cholinergic System. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:560-569. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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97
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da Costa P, Gonçalves JF, Baldissarelli J, Mann TR, Abdalla FH, Fiorenza AM, da Rosa MM, Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, de Andrade CM, Rubin MA, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM. Curcumin attenuates memory deficits and the impairment of cholinergic and purinergic signaling in rats chronically exposed to cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:70-83. [PMID: 26592365 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of curcumin on memory loss and on the alteration of acetylcholinesterase and ectonucleotidases activities in rats exposed chronically to cadmium (Cd). Rats received Cd (1 mg/kg) and curcumin (30, 60, or 90 mg/kg) by oral gavage 5 days a week for 3 months. The animals were divided into eight groups: vehicle (saline/oil), saline/curcumin 30 mg/kg, saline/curcumin 60 mg/kg, saline/curcumin 90 mg/kg, Cd/oil, Cd/curcumin 30 mg/kg, Cd/curcumin 60 mg/kg, and Cd/curcumin 90 mg/kg. Curcumin prevented the decrease in the step-down latency induced by Cd. In cerebral cortex synaptosomes, Cd-exposed rats showed an increase in acetylcholinesterase and NTPDase (ATP and ADP as substrates) activities and a decrease in the 5'-nucleotidase activity. Curcumin was not able to prevent the effect of Cd on acetylcholinesterase activity, but it prevented the effects caused by Cd on NTPDase (ATP and ADP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities. Increased acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in different brain structures, whole blood and lymphocytes of the Cd-treated group. In addition, Cd increased lipid peroxidation in different brain structures. Higher doses of curcumin were more effective in preventing these effects. These findings show that curcumin prevented the Cd-mediated memory impairment, demonstrating that this compound has a neuroprotective role and is capable of modulating acetylcholinesterase, NTPDase, and 5'-nucleotidase activities. Finally, it highlights the possibility of using curcumin as an adjuvant against toxicological conditions involving Cd exposure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 70-83, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline da Costa
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jamile F Gonçalves
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Thaís R Mann
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Fátima H Abdalla
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Amanda M Fiorenza
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Michelle M da Rosa
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Fabiano B Carvalho
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jessié M Gutierres
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Cinthia M de Andrade
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Maribel A Rubin
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
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98
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Paniagua-Herranz L, Gil-Redondo JC, Queipo MJ, González-Ramos S, Boscá L, Pérez-Sen R, Miras-Portugal MT, Delicado EG. Prostaglandin E 2 Impairs P2Y 2/P2Y 4 Receptor Signaling in Cerebellar Astrocytes via EP3 Receptors. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:937. [PMID: 29311938 PMCID: PMC5743739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important bioactive lipid that accumulates after tissue damage or inflammation due to the rapid expression of cyclooxygenase 2. PGE2 activates specific G-protein coupled EP receptors and it mediates pro- or anti-inflammatory actions depending on the cell-context. Nucleotides can also be released in these situations and they even contribute to PGE2 production. We previously described the selective impairment of P2Y nucleotide signaling by PGE2 in macrophages and fibroblasts, an effect independent of prostaglandin receptors but that involved protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase D (PKD) activation. Considering that macrophages and fibroblasts influence inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling, a similar mechanism involving P2Y signaling could occur in astrocytes in response to neuroinflammation and brain repair. We analyzed here the modulation of cellular responses involving P2Y2/P2Y4 receptors by PGE2 in rat cerebellar astrocytes. We demonstrate that PGE2 inhibits intracellular calcium responses elicited by UTP in individual cells and that inhibiting this P2Y signaling impairs the astrocyte migration elicited by this nucleotide. Activation of EP3 receptors by PGE2 not only impairs the calcium responses but also, the extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) and Akt phosphorylation induced by UTP. However, PGE2 requires epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation in order to dampen P2Y signaling. In addition, these effects of PGE2 also occur in a pro-inflammatory context, as evident in astrocytes stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). While we continue to investigate the intracellular mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of UTP responses, the involvement of novel PKC and PKD in cerebellar astrocytes cannot be excluded, kinases that could promote the internalization of P2Y receptors in fibroblasts.
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99
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Tanamachi K, Nishino K, Mori N, Suzuki T, Tanuma SI, Abe R, Tsukimoto M. Radiosensitizing Effect of P2X7 Receptor Antagonist on Melanoma in Vitro and in Vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:878-887. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tanamachi
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Keisuke Nishino
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Natsuki Mori
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Toshihiro Suzuki
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Sei-ichi Tanuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Ryo Abe
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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100
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Caffeine plus nicotine improves motor function, spatial and non-spatial working memory and functional indices in BALB/c male mice. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2016; 23:251-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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