51
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Qiao J, Lin S, Li J, Tian J, Guo J. Reversible chirality inversion of circularly polarized luminescence in a photo-invertible helical cholesteric superstructure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14590-14593. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08090b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The first example of photo-driven reversible chirality inversion of circularly polarized luminescence in a helical cholesteric superstructure is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Siyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Juntao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Jiajun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
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52
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Moran MJ, Magrini M, Walba DM, Aprahamian I. Driving a Liquid Crystal Phase Transition Using a Photochromic Hydrazone. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13623-13627. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Moran
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Mitchell Magrini
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - David M. Walba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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53
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Chen LJ, Dai JH, Lin JD, Mo TS, Lin HP, Yeh HC, Chuang YC, Jiang SA, Lee CR. Wavelength-Tunable and Highly Stable Perovskite-Quantum-Dot-Doped Lasers with Liquid Crystal Lasing Cavities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33307-33315. [PMID: 30198255 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study applies a low-cost solvothermal method to synthesize all-inorganic (lead-free cesium tin halide) perovskite quantum dots (AIPQDs) and to fabricate AIPQD-doped lasers with cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) lasing cavities. The lasers present highly qualified lasing features of low threshold (150 nJ/pulse) and narrow line width (0.20 nm) that are attributed to the conjunction of the suppression of photoluminescence (PL) loss caused by the quantum confinement of AIPQDs and the amplification of PL caused by the band-edge effect of the CLC-distributed feedback resonator. In addition, the lasers possess highly flexible lasing-wavelength tuning features and a long-term stability under storage at room temperature and under high humidity given the protective role of CLC. These advantages are difficult to confer to typical light-emitting perovskite devices. Given these merits, the AIPQD-doped CLC laser device has considerable potential applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices, including lighting, displays, and lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ting-Shan Mo
- Department of Electronic Engineering , Kun Shan University of Technology , Tainan 710 , Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Chen Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering , National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology , Kaohsiung 824 , Taiwan
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54
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Heeswijk EPAV, Kloos JJH, Heer JD, Hoeks T, Grossiord N, Schenning APHJ. Well-Adhering, Easily Producible Photonic Reflective Coatings for Plastic Substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30008-30013. [PMID: 30095258 PMCID: PMC6128616 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of well-adhering, easily producible photonic reflective coatings is still a challenge. Here, an easy-to-produce, industrial viable process is reported that uses a primer layer of the so-called type II photoinitiator to obtain an excellent adhesion between a plastic substrate and one-dimensional (1D) photonic liquid crystalline coatings. Furthermore, a good alignment of the reactive cholesteric liquid crystal mixture is obtained using a bar-coating process, without alignment layers or surfactants. After photopolymerization, cross-hatch tape tests show a good adhesion of the photonic coating having a reflection band of 50% transmission with almost no scattering. Additionally, we demonstrate the ability to create well-adhering ∼100% reflective coatings by coating double layers and the ability to create single-layered cholesteric broadband reflectors using solely a reactivity gradient created by the primer layer. Our new interfacial method gives new opportunities to use reflecting 1D photonic coatings in industrial processes and applications and allows the bonding of almost any polymer to a plastic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen P. A. van Heeswijk
- Stimuli-responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joey J. H. Kloos
- Stimuli-responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jos de Heer
- SABIC, T&I, Plasticslaan 1, 4612 PX Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Hoeks
- SABIC, T&I, Plasticslaan 1, 4612 PX Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Grossiord
- SABIC, T&I, Plasticslaan 1, 4612 PX Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
- Stimuli-responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- SCNU-TUE Joint Laboratory of Device Integrated Responsive Materials
(DIRM), Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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55
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Yue Y, Norikane Y, Azumi R, Koyama E. Light-induced mechanical response in crosslinked liquid-crystalline polymers with photoswitchable glass transition temperatures. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3234. [PMID: 30104602 PMCID: PMC6089925 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy conversion of light into mechanical work is of fundamental interest in applications. In particular, diligent molecular design on nanoscale, in order to achieve efficient photomechanical effects on macroscopic scale, has become one of the most interesting study topics. Here, by incorporating a "photomelting" azobenzene monomer crosslinked into liquid crystalline (LC) networks, we generate photoresponsive polymer films that exhibit reversible photoswitchable glass transition temperatures (Tg) at room temperature (~20 °C) and photomechanical actuations under the stimulus of UV/visible light. The trans-to-cis isomerization of azo chromophores results in a change in Tg of the crosslinked LC polymers. The Tg of the polymer network is higher than room temperature in the trans-form and lower than room temperature in the cis-form. We demonstrate the photoswitchable Tg contribute to the photomechanical bending and a new mechanism for photomechanical bending that attributes the process to an inhomogeneous change in Tg of the film is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Yue
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Reiko Azumi
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Emiko Koyama
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
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56
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Tokunaga S, Itoh Y, Tanaka H, Araoka F, Aida T. Redox-Responsive Chiral Dopant for Quick Electrochemical Color Modulation of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10946-10949. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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57
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Bisoyi HK, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Stimuli-Driven Control of the Helical Axis of Self-Organized Soft Helical Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706512. [PMID: 29603448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular and macromolecular functional helical superstructures are ubiquitous in nature and display an impressive catalog of intriguing and elegant properties and performances. In materials science, self-organized soft helical superstructures, i.e., cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), serve as model systems toward the understanding of morphology- and orientation-dependent properties of supramolecular dynamic helical architectures and their potential for technological applications. Moreover, most of the fascinating device applications of CLCs are primarily determined by different orientations of the helical axis. Here, the control of the helical axis orientation of CLCs and its dynamic switching in two and three dimensions using different external stimuli are summarized. Electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and light-irradiation-driven orientation control and reorientation of the helical axis of CLCs are described and highlighted. Different techniques and strategies developed to achieve a uniform lying helix structure are explored. Helical axis control in recently developed heliconical cholesteric systems is examined. The control of the helical axis orientation in spherical geometries such as microdroplets and microshells fabricated from these enticing photonic fluids is also explored. Future challenges and opportunities in this exciting area involving anisotropic chiral liquids are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Timothy J Bunning
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, OH, 44242, USA
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58
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Lin P, Yan Q, Wei Z, Chen Y, Chen S, Wang H, Huang Z, Wang X, Cheng Z. Chiral Photonic Crystalline Microcapsules with Strict Monodispersity, Ultrahigh Thermal Stability, and Reversible Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18289-18299. [PMID: 29737159 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tunable photonic crystals (TPCs) reflecting selected wavelengths of visible light and responding to external stimuli are widely applied to fabricate smart optical devices. Chiral nematic liquid crystals (CNLCs) possessing response to temperature, electric field, and magnetic field are considered as one-dimensional TPCs. The encapsulation of CNLCs provides responsive photonic devices with stand-alone macroscopic structure and excellent processability. However, when CNLCs as cores are wrapped by polymeric shells to form core-shell structured microcapsules, the polydispersity of microcapsule size, the irregular spatial geometry, and the low thermal stability inevitably result in a deterioration of the optical performance and limited application at high temperatures. Herein, a combination of microfluidic emulsification and interfacial polymerization is employed to fabricate polymer wrapped photonic crystalline microcapsules (PWPCMs). The sizes and reflected colors of PWPCMs can be simultaneously controlled by adjusting the flow rates in the microfluidic chips. PWPCMs possess strictly monodispersed sizes with coefficients of variation less than 1%. The free-standing PWPCMs have high thermal stability. The deformation temperature of PWPCMs is as high as 210 °C. The colored PWPCMs also exhibit a reversible thermochromic property between the chiral nematic phase and the isotropic phase. The highly stable and tunable PWPCMs provide new opportunities for a wide range of photonic applications, including smart optical window, tunable microlasers, responsive microsensors, and various photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Qi Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Zhan Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Shuqin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Zhuoran Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-3122 , United States
| | - Zhengdong Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-3122 , United States
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59
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Isapour G, Lattuada M. Bioinspired Stimuli-Responsive Color-Changing Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707069. [PMID: 29700857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive colors are a unique characteristic of certain animals, evolved as either a method to hide from enemies and prey or to communicate their presence to rivals or mates. From a material science perspective, the solutions developed by Mother Nature to achieve these effects are a source of inspiration to scientists for decades. Here, an updated overview of the literature on bioinspired stimuli-responsive color-changing systems is provided. Starting from natural systems, which are the source of inspiration, a classification of the different solutions proposed is given, based on the stimuli used to trigger the color-changing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Isapour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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60
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Moirangthem M, Scheers AF, Schenning APHJ. A full color photonic polymer, rewritable with a liquid crystal ink. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4425-4428. [PMID: 29651488 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A printable and rewritable photonic polymer coating has been fabricated from a cholesteric liquid crystal. Full color images can be patterned in polymer coatings by using a liquid crystal ink. The printed patterns can be erased and rewritten multiple times, making these coatings interesting as rewritable papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali Moirangthem
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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61
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Lee K, Tondiglia VP, White TJ. Electrically Reconfigurable Liquid Crystalline Mirrors. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4453-4457. [PMID: 31458672 PMCID: PMC6641427 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Reconfigurable optical materials are critical to realizing light control in eyewear or architectural windows. Here, we report on the electrical reconfiguration of the selective reflection of cholesteric liquid crystals (LCs). The distinctive responses detailed here are enabled by the preparation of a structurally chiral polymer stabilizing network that enforces anchoring of a low-molar-mass liquid crystalline media with positive dielectric anisotropy. The pitch of the reflective optical elements is directly regulated by a dc field, resulting in red or blue reflection wavelength tuning or broadening. The use of the positive dielectric LC host in concert with optimization of the material preparation conditions allows for reorientation of the LC molecules to achieve an optically clear state (homeotropic orientation) by the application of an ac field. In this way, the selective reflection of the optical elements can be moved, widened, and turned on and off. The electro-optic characteristics of these materials are another step forward to enabling the use of these materials in optics and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung
Min Lee
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
- Azimuth
Corporation, 4134 Linden
Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Vincent P. Tondiglia
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
- Azimuth
Corporation, 4134 Linden
Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Timothy J. White
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
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62
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Punjani V, Mohiuddin G, Kaur S, Khan RK, Ghosh S, Pal SK. Observation of polar order and thermochromic behaviour in a chiral bent-core system exhibiting exotic mesophases due to superstructural frustration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3452-3455. [PMID: 29557481 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08885j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new approach accompanied by superstructural frustration is reported. By attaching a cholesterol moiety directly to the central bent-core system it displayed exotic BPIII, BPII/I, Ncyb*, TGBA, SmAPA, SmA and SmX phases as shown by X-ray scattering results. While higher homologues of the series exhibited spontaneous formation of polar order (Ps ∼ 61 nC cm-2) upon applied voltage, the lower homologues showed thermochromic behaviour which can also be trapped via temperature quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhika Punjani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Golam Mohiuddin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Raj Kumar Khan
- Department of Physics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharyya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
| | - Sharmistha Ghosh
- Department of Physics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharyya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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63
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Moirangthem M, Schenning APHJ. Full Color Camouflage in a Printable Photonic Blue-Colored Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4168-4172. [PMID: 29313659 PMCID: PMC5799869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A blue reflective photonic polymer coating which can be patterned in full color, from blue to red, by printing with an aqueous calcium nitrate solution has been fabricated. Color change in the cholesteric liquid-crystalline polymer network over the entire visible spectrum is obtained by the use of nonreactive mesogen. The pattern in the coating is hidden in the blue color dry state and appears upon exposure to water or by exhaling breath onto it due to different degrees of swelling of the polymer network. The degree of swelling depends on the printed amount of calcium which acts as a cross-linker. The printed full color pattern can also be hidden simply by using a circular polarizer. The responsive full color camouflage polymers are interesting for various applications ranging from responsive house and automobile decors to anticounterfeit labels and data encryption.
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64
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Zhao D, Qiu Y, Cheng W, Bi S, Wang H, Wang Q, Liao Y, Peng H, Xie X. Precisely Tuning Helical Twisting Power via Photoisomerization Kinetics of Dopants in Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:700-708. [PMID: 29268613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been paid much attention to improve the helical twisting power (β) of dopants in chiral nematic liquid crystals (CLCs); however, the correlations between the β value and the molecular structures as well as the interaction with nematic LCs are far from clear. In this work, a series of reversibly photo-switchable axially chiral dopants with different lengths of alkyl or alkoxyl substituent groups have been successfully synthesized through nucleophilic substitution and the thiol-ene click reaction. Then, the effect of miscibility between these dopants and nematic LCs on the β values, as well as the time-dependent decay/growth of the β values upon irradiations, has been investigated. The theoretical Teas solubility parameter shows that the miscibility between dopants and nematic LCs decreases with increasing of the length of substituent groups from dopant 1 to dopant 4. The β value of chiral dopants in nematic LCs decreases from dopant 1 to dopant 4 both at the visible light photostationary state (PSS) and at the UV PSS after UV irradiation. With increasing of the length of substituent groups, the photoisomerization rate constant of dopants increases for trans-cis transformation upon UV irradiation and decreases for the reverse process upon visible light irradiation either in isotropic ethyl acetate or in anisotropic LCs, although the constant in ethyl acetate is several times larger than the corresponding value in LCs. Also, the color of the CLCs could be tuned upon light irradiations. These results enable the precise tuning of the pitch and selective reflection wavelength/color of CLCs, which paves the way to the applications in electro-optic devices, information storage, high-tech anticounterfeit, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuguang Bi
- Hubei Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430073, China
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65
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Wang H, Bisoyi HK, Wang L, Urbas AM, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Photochemically and Thermally Driven Full‐Color Reflection in a Self‐Organized Helical Superstructure Enabled by a Halogen‐Bonded Chiral Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1627-1631. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Augustine M. Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA
| | - Timothy J. Bunning
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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66
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Wang H, Bisoyi HK, Wang L, Urbas AM, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Photochemically and Thermally Driven Full‐Color Reflection in a Self‐Organized Helical Superstructure Enabled by a Halogen‐Bonded Chiral Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Augustine M. Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA
| | - Timothy J. Bunning
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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67
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Qin L, Gu W, Chen Y, Wei J, Yu Y. Efficient visible-light full-color tuning of self-organized helical superstructures enabled by fluorinated chiral switches. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38935-38940. [PMID: 35558319 PMCID: PMC9090640 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07657j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-driven chiral switches have the ability to tune and control the self-organized helical superstructures of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), resulting in the photo-induced reflection wavelength shift of the CLCs. A new type of axially chiral switch functionalized with fluorine atoms ortho to the azobenzene moiety is found to exhibit reversible visible-light-driven photoisomerization due to a separation of the n–π* absorption bands of the trans and cis isomers. These chiral switches all have high HTP values and the doped CLCs with 15.8 wt% concentration demonstrates reversible dynamic tuning of the reflection color within the entire visible spectrum driven by 530 nm and 445 nm visible light. It is also noteworthy that the thermal stability is improved thanks to the cis form of the fluorinated azobenzenes possessing a remarkably long half-life. The newly designed visible-light-driven chiral switches may broaden the application of CLCs, especially in the fields where high energy UV light is unfavorable. Reversible dynamic tuning of the reflection color from cholesteric liquid crystals within the entire visible spectrum is driven by green and blue light via newly designed chiral switches.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Qin
- Department of Materials Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Materials Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Materials Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Materials Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Department of Materials Science
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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68
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Gupta M, Pal V, Pal SK. Photo-responsive liquid crystals derived from azobenzene centered cholesterol-based tetramers. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene centered cholesterol based tetramers showing spherulitic domains and photoresponsive behaviour in solution as well as Langmuir monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
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69
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Skandani A, Clement JA, Tristram-Nagle S, Shankar MR. Aliphatic flexible spacer length controls photomechanical response in compact, ordered liquid crystalline polymer networks. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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70
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Moirangthem M, Engels TAP, Murphy J, Bastiaansen CWM, Schenning APHJ. Photonic Shape Memory Polymer with Stable Multiple Colors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32161-32167. [PMID: 28840717 PMCID: PMC5609120 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A photonic shape memory polymer film that shows large color response (∼155 nm) in a wide temperature range has been fabricated from a semi-interpenetrating network of a cholesteric polymer and poly(benzyl acrylate). The large color response is achieved by mechanical embossing of the photonic film above its broad glass transition temperature. The embossed film, as it recovers to its original shape on heating through the broad thermal transition, exhibits multiple structural colors ranging from blue to orange. The relaxation behavior of the embossed film can be fully described using a Kelvin-Voigt model, which reveals that the influence of temperature on the generation of colors is much stronger than that of time, thereby producing stable multiple colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali Moirangthem
- Functional
Organic Materials & Devices and Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom A. P. Engels
- Functional
Organic Materials & Devices and Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Murphy
- Functional
Organic Materials & Devices and Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cees W. M. Bastiaansen
- Functional
Organic Materials & Devices and Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
- Functional
Organic Materials & Devices and Polymer Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology,
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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71
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Min Lee K, Tondiglia VP, Godman NP, Middleton CM, White TJ. Blue-shifting tuning of the selective reflection of polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:5842-5848. [PMID: 28815232 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on electrically-induced, large magnitude (>300 nm), and reversible tuning of the selective reflection in polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) prepared from negative dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid crystal hosts. The electrically-induced blue shift in the selective reflection of the PSCLCs is distinguished from our prior reports of bandwidth broadening and red-shifting tuning of the selective reflection in PSCLCs. The dominant factor in delineating the electro-optic response of the PSCLCs detailed here are the preparation conditions. Specifically, long exposure to UV intensity exceeding 250 mW cm-2. Other factors are shown to contribute to the response, including the type and concentration of photoinitiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Lee
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433-7750, USA.
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72
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Mahajan LH, Ndaya D, Deshmukh P, Peng X, Gopinadhan M, Osuji CO, Kasi RM. Optically Active Elastomers from Liquid Crystalline Comb Copolymers with Dual Physical and Chemical Cross-Links. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manesh Gopinadhan
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Chinedum O. Osuji
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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73
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Du X, Zhu C, Xie X. Thermochromic Ion-Exchange Micelles Containing H + Chromoionophores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5910-5914. [PMID: 28539048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermochromic composites constitute a classical subfamily of stimuli responsive materials. We report here the thermochromic effect in Pluronic F-127 (F127) micelles containing hydrophobic ion-exchanger and H+ chromoionophores. The highly versatile and reversible thermochromism is attributed to the temperature-induced hydration-dehydration of the peripheral layer of the micelles, which in turn controls the ion-exchange process between the core and the periphery of the micelles. The color typically changes abruptly within 3-5 °C, and the color transition temperature can be tuned within 5-25 °C upon varying the F127 concentrations. This work lays the foundation of a new variety of thermochromic materials involving ion-exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Changyou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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74
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Kang JH, Kim SH, Fernandez-Nieves A, Reichmanis E. Amplified Photon Upconversion by Photonic Shell of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5708-5711. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
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75
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Sodemura T, Kubo S, Higuchi H, Kikuchi H, Nakagawa M. Unimodal Nematic Liquid Crystalline Random Copolymers Designed for Accepting Chiral Dopants. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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76
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Kazem-Rostami M, Moghanian A. Hünlich base derivatives as photo-responsive Λ-shaped hinges. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00653a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The azo derivatives of the Hünlich base are introduced as a set of molecular switches with unique shapes and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Kazem-Rostami
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Macquarie University
- North Ryde
- Australia
| | - Amirhossein Moghanian
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge 02139
- USA
- Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Department
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77
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light-Driven Liquid Crystalline Materials: From Photo-Induced Phase Transitions and Property Modulations to Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:15089-15166. [PMID: 27936632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Light-driven phenomena both in living systems and nonliving materials have enabled truly fascinating and incredible dynamic architectures with terrific forms and functions. Recently, liquid crystalline materials endowed with photoresponsive capability have emerged as enticing systems. In this Review, we focus on the developments of light-driven liquid crystalline materials containing photochromic components over the past decade. Design and synthesis of photochromic liquid crystals (LCs), photoinduced phase transitions in LC, and photoalignment and photoorientation of LCs have been covered. Photomodulation of pitch, polarization, lattice constant and handedness inversion of chiral LCs is discussed. Light-driven phenomena and properties of liquid crystalline polymers, elastomers, and networks have also been analyzed. The applications of photoinduced phase transitions, photoalignment, photomodulation of chiral LCs, and photomobile polymers have been highlighted wherever appropriate. The combination of photochromism, liquid crystallinity, and fabrication techniques has enabled some fascinating functional materials which can be driven by ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light irradiation. Nanoscale particles have been incorporated to widen and diversify the scope of the light-driven liquid crystalline materials. The developed materials possess huge potential for applications in optics, photonics, adaptive materials, nanotechnology, etc. The challenges and opportunities in this area are discussed at the end of the Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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78
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Gu M, Jiang C, Liu D, Prempeh N, Smalyukh II. Cellulose Nanocrystal/Poly(ethylene glycol) Composite as an Iridescent Coating on Polymer Substrates: Structure-Color and Interface Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32565-32573. [PMID: 27933844 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The broad utility as an environmentally friendly and colorful coating of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was limited by its instability of coloration, brittleness, and lack of adhesion to a hydrophobic surface. In the present work, a neutral polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was introduced into CNC coatings through evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) on polymer matrices. The structure-color and mechanical properties of the composite coating or coating film were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD), and tensile tests. Results showed that the reflective wavelength of the iridescent CNCs could be finely tuned by incorporation of PEG with varied loadings from 2.5 to 50 wt %, although the high loading content of PEG would produce some side effects because of the severe microphase separation. Second, PEG played an effective plasticizer to improve the ductility or flexibility of the CNC coating or coating film. Furthermore, as a compatibilizer, PEG could effectively and tremendously enhance the adhesion strength between CNCs and neutral polymer matrices without destroying the chiral nematic mesophases of CNCs. Environmentally friendly CNC/PEG composites with tunable iridescence, good flexibility, and high bonding strength to hydrophobic polymer matrices are expected to be promising candidates in the modern green paint industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
| | - Dagang Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Nana Prempeh
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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79
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Alamán J, Alicante R, Peña JI, Sánchez-Somolinos C. Inkjet Printing of Functional Materials for Optical and Photonic Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E910. [PMID: 28774032 PMCID: PMC5457235 DOI: 10.3390/ma9110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inkjet printing, traditionally used in graphics, has been widely investigated as a valuable tool in the preparation of functional surfaces and devices. This review focuses on the use of inkjet printing technology for the manufacturing of different optical elements and photonic devices. The presented overview mainly surveys work done in the fabrication of micro-optical components such as microlenses, waveguides and integrated lasers; the manufacturing of large area light emitting diodes displays, liquid crystal displays and solar cells; as well as the preparation of liquid crystal and colloidal crystal based photonic devices working as lasers or optical sensors. Special emphasis is placed on reviewing the materials employed as well as in the relevance of inkjet in the manufacturing of the different devices showing in each of the revised technologies, main achievements, applications and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alamán
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C./Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
- BSH, Polígono Industrial de PLA-ZA, Ronda del Canal Imperial de Aragón, 18-20, Zaragoza 50197, Spain.
| | - Raquel Alicante
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C./Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
| | - Jose Ignacio Peña
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales y Fluidos, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C./María de Luna 3, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Somolinos
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C./Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
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80
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Kim DY, Nah C, Kang SW, Lee SH, Lee KM, White TJ, Jeong KU. Free-Standing and Circular-Polarizing Chirophotonic Crystal Reflectors: Photopolymerization of Helical Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9570-9576. [PMID: 27643819 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b04949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of materials exhibiting structural colors has been intensively studied in biomimetic science and technology. Utilizing a newly synthesized cholesteric liquid-crystal (CLC) monomer (abbreviated as BP1CRM), we have prepared CLC films. Photoinitiated copolymerization of this monomer with a common achiral liquid-crystalline monomer produced free-standing films with homogeneous and nanoscale pitch distributions. Employing the thermal sensitivity of the CLC monomer, chirophotonic crystal reflectors were prepared exhibiting a range of colors. The free-standing and circular-polarizing chirophotonic crystal films maintain excellent thermal, mechanical, and chemical stabilities, and the composition can readily be applied as polarized optical films and smart paints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kyung Min Lee
- U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Timothy J White
- U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433-7750, United States
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81
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Worth B, Lee KM, Tondiglia VP, Myers J, Mou S, White TJ. Dynamic, infrared bandpass filters prepared from polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:7134-7137. [PMID: 27607292 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.007134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the formulation and electrical control of the position and bandwidth of reflective bandpass filters prepared from cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) in the infrared (3-5 μm). These filters are prepared from alignment cells employing infrared transparent electrodes and substrates. The optical nature of the electrodes is shown to strongly influence the resulting transmission of the bandpass filters outside of the spectral reflection.
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82
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Balamurugan R, Liu JH. A review of the fabrication of photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric liquid crystals. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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83
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Saito S, Nobusue S, Tsuzaka E, Yuan C, Mori C, Hara M, Seki T, Camacho C, Irle S, Yamaguchi S. Light-melt adhesive based on dynamic carbon frameworks in a columnar liquid-crystal phase. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12094. [PMID: 27373592 PMCID: PMC4932191 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid crystal (LC) provides a suitable platform to exploit structural motions of molecules in a condensed phase. Amplification of the structural changes enables a variety of technologies not only in LC displays but also in other applications. Until very recently, however, a practical use of LCs for removable adhesives has not been explored, although a spontaneous disorganization of LC materials can be easily triggered by light-induced isomerization of photoactive components. The difficulty of such application derives from the requirements for simultaneous implementation of sufficient bonding strength and its rapid disappearance by photoirradiation. Here we report a dynamic molecular LC material that meets these requirements. Columnar-stacked V-shaped carbon frameworks display sufficient bonding strength even during heating conditions, while its bonding ability is immediately lost by a light-induced self-melting function. The light-melt adhesive is reusable and its fluorescence colour reversibly changes during the cycle, visualizing the bonding/nonbonding phases of the adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shunpei Nobusue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Eri Tsuzaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chunxue Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chigusa Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Cristopher Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- School of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro Montes de Oca, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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84
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Tokunaga S, Itoh Y, Yaguchi Y, Tanaka H, Araoka F, Takezoe H, Aida T. Electrophoretic Deposition for Cholesteric Liquid-Crystalline Devices with Memory and Modulation of Reflection Colors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4077-4083. [PMID: 27027423 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The first design strategy that allows both memorization and modulation of the liquid-crystalline reflection color is reported. Electrophoretic deposition of a tailored ionic chiral dopant is key to realizing this unprecedented function, which may pave the way for the development of full-color e-paper that can operate without the need of color filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuya Yaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideo Takezoe
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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85
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Bedrov D, Hooper JB, Glaser MA, Clark NA. Photoinduced and Thermal Relaxation in Surface-Grafted Azobenzene-Based Monolayers: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4004-4015. [PMID: 27027147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to study the structure and molecular orientational relaxation of azobenzene-based monolayers grafted to a solid substrate. Systems with surface coverage of 0.6 nm(2)/molecule were investigated over a wide temperature range ranging from 298 K, where the mesogens show local ordering and the monolayer dynamics was found to be glassy, up to 700 K, where the azobenzene groups have a nearly isotropic orientational distribution, with a subnanosecond characteristic orientational relaxation time scale. Biased simulations that model single-molecule thermal excitation and conformational isomerization have been conducted to obtain insight into the mechanisms for photoinduced athermal fluidization and monolayer reorganization observed experimentally in this system. Our simulations clearly indicate that trans-cis conformational isomerization transitions of azobenzene units can lead to reorientation of mesogens and to the formation of a monolayer with strong macroscopic in-plane nematic order. While local heating created by excitation process can facilitate this process, thermal excitation alone is not sufficient to induce ordering in the monolayer. Instead, the work done by a molecule undergoing cis-trans isomerization on the cage of neighboring molecules is the key mechanism for photofluidization and orientational ordering in dMR monolayers exposed to linearly polarized light leading to relaxation dynamics that can be described in terms of higher effective temperature. The obtained simulation results are discussed in light of recent experimental data reported for these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Bedrov
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Justin B Hooper
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew A Glaser
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Noel A Clark
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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86
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Rumi M, Cazzell SA, Kosa T, Sukhomlinova L, Taheri B, White TJ, Bunning TJ. Quantification of photoinduced order increase in liquid crystals with naphthopyran guests. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:032701. [PMID: 27078421 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.032701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced order-increasing phase transitions can occur in dye-liquid crystal mixtures when the photoproduct of the excitation of the dye molecules is more compatible with the liquid crystalline medium than the initial dye species. A detailed investigation of the photoinduced changes of the phase behavior and optical properties of mixtures of liquid crystals with naphthopyran guests upon exposure to light at 365 nm is presented here. In these guest-host systems, the nematic-to-isotropic phase transition temperature is increased upon irradiation. We show that the nematic range can be extended up to 2.9 °C by illumination in 5CB (4-n-pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl) liquid crystal mixtures. The order parameter is significantly increased by illumination at all temperatures within the nematic range and the changes are larger at higher concentrations of the guests. In particular, the illuminated guest-host mixtures exhibit order parameters close to those of the neat liquid crystal host at the same temperature relative to the clearing point. An improved understanding of the photophysical processes taking place at the molecular level in these material systems can inform the design of photoresponsive materials and enhance their potential utility in optical or photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Rumi
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.,Azimuth Corporation, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 230, Beavercreek, Ohio 45431, USA
| | - Seth A Cazzell
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.,Azimuth Corporation, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 230, Beavercreek, Ohio 45431, USA
| | - Tamas Kosa
- Alpha Micron Inc., 1950 State Route 59, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | | | - Bahman Taheri
- Alpha Micron Inc., 1950 State Route 59, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - Timothy J White
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Timothy J Bunning
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
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87
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Kim Y, Tamaoki N. Asymmetric Dimers of Chiral Azobenzene Dopants Exhibiting Unusual Helical Twisting Power upon Photoswitching in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:4918-4926. [PMID: 26815738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized asymmetric dimeric chiral molecules as photon-mode chiral switches for reversible tuning of self-assembled helical superstructures. The chiral switches bearing two mesogen units-cholesterol and azobenzene moieties connected through flexible alkylenedioxy bridges-were doped into nematic liquid crystals, resulting in a chiral nematic (cholesteric) phase. Under irradiation with UV light, photoisomerization of the azobenzene units led to unprecedented switching of the cholesteric pitch and helical twisting power (HTP, β), with a higher HTP found in the cis-rich state (bent-form) than in the trans-state (rod-form). We attribute this behavior to the elongated cybotactic smectic clusters disrupting the helical orientation of the molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystals; their reversible decay and reassembly was evidenced upon sequential irradiation with UV and visible light, respectively. In addition to the photoisomerization of the azobenzene units, the odd/even parity of the alkylenedioxy linkers of the dimeric dopants also had a dramatic effect on the transitions of the cybotactic smectic domains. On the basis of the large rotational reorganization of the cholesteric helix and HTP switching (Δβ/βini of up to 50%), we could control the macroscopic rotational motion of microsized glass rods upon irradiating the surface of a cholesteric liquid crystal film featuring a polygonal fingerprint texture using UV and visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , Kita20, Nishi10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , Kita20, Nishi10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
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88
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light‐Directed Dynamic Chirality Inversion in Functional Self‐Organized Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2994-3010. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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89
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Lichtgesteuerte dynamische Chiralitätsumkehr in funktionalen selbstorganisierten helikalen Überstrukturen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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90
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Arakawa Y, Kang S, Tsuji H, Watanabe J, Konishi GI. Development of novel bistolane-based liquid crystalline molecules with an alkylsulfanyl group for highly birefringent materials. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed novel bistolane-based alkylsulfanyl derivatives with well-defined nematic liquid crystalline and high birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
| | - Sungmin Kang
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Junji Watanabe
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Gen-ichi Konishi
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
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91
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Khandelwal H, Loonen RCGM, Hensen JLM, Debije MG, Schenning APHJ. Electrically switchable polymer stabilised broadband infrared reflectors and their potential as smart windows for energy saving in buildings. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11773. [PMID: 26132328 PMCID: PMC4487232 DOI: 10.1038/srep11773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrically switchable broadband infrared reflectors that are relatively transparent in the visible region have been fabricated using polymer stabilised cholesteric liquid crystals. The IR reflectors can change their reflection/transmission properties by applying a voltage in response to changes in environmental conditions. Simulations predict that a significant amount of energy can be saved on heating, cooling and lighting of buildings in places such as Madrid by using this switchable IR reflector. We have also fabricated a switchable IR reflector which can also generate electricity. These polymer based switchable IR reflectors are of high potential as windows of automobiles and buildings to control interior temperatures and save energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Khandelwal
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Roel C. G. M. Loonen
- Unit Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology.
| | - Jan L. M. Hensen
- Unit Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology.
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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92
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Xiang J, Li Y, Li Q, Paterson DA, Storey JMD, Imrie CT, Lavrentovich OD. Electrically tunable selective reflection of light from ultraviolet to visible and infrared by heliconical cholesterics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3014-8. [PMID: 25821155 PMCID: PMC4683668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrical tuning of selective reflection of light is achieved in a very broad spectral range from ultraviolet to visible and infrared by an oblique helicoidal state of a cholesteric liquid crystal in a wide temperature range (including room temperature). The phenomenon offers potential applications in tunable smart windows, lasers, optical filters and limiters, as well as in displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State UniversityKent, OH, 44242, USA E-mail:
| | - Yannian Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State UniversityKent, OH, 44242, USA E-mail:
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State UniversityKent, OH, 44242, USA E-mail:
| | - Daniel A Paterson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of AberdeenAberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK
| | - John M D Storey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of AberdeenAberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of AberdeenAberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK
| | - Oleg D Lavrentovich
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State UniversityKent, OH, 44242, USA E-mail:
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93
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Simoncelli S, Aramendía PF. Chiral power change upon photoisomerization in twisted nematic liquid crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 142:94-100. [PMID: 25699698 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we use the photoisomerization of azobenzenes, a phenanthrospirooxazine, and a fulgide in a twisted nematic liquid crystalline phase to change the chiral twisting power of the system. The changes are probed by the rotatory power of linearly polarized light. Time resolved and steady state experiments are carried out. The chiral change and the photoisomerization process have similar characteristic recovery times and activation energy, thus probing that the change is induced by the modification in the chemical composition of the photochromic dopant system. The amplitude of the light twisting power change correlates with the order change in the liquid crystal (LC) but not with the modification in the absorption characteristics of the system. This indicates that the driving force of the chiral change is the microscopic order modification in the LC phase that affects the helical pitch of the phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Simoncelli
- INQUIMAE and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; CIBION, Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias "Elizabeth Jares-Erijman", Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pedro F Aramendía
- INQUIMAE and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; CIBION, Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias "Elizabeth Jares-Erijman", Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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94
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Fu D, Li J, Wei J, Guo J. Effects of terminal chain length in hydrogen-bonded chiral switches on phototunable behavior of chiral nematic liquid crystals: helicity inversion and phase transition. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3034-3045. [PMID: 25743076 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00128e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of photoresponsive chiral switches are fabricated by a facile hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) assembly method, in which the binaphthyl azobenzene molecule is used as the proton acceptor, and binaphthyl acids with opposite chiral configuration are proton donors. We find that the helical twisted power of H-bonded chiral switches and the helical handedness of induced chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*-LCs) are mainly determined by the terminal flexible chain length in proton donors of binaphthyl acids. Controlling the lengths of the terminal flexible chain leads to different photoswitching behaviors by light irradiation, such as a helical inversion in the N*-LCs and a phase transition from N*-LCs to nematic LCs. This is mainly because of chiral counteraction and intensity attenuation of opposite chiral configurations between the proton acceptor and proton donor during UV-vis irradiation. Additionally, the thermal switching behavior of N*-LCs doped with H-bonded chiral switches is also demonstrated, and the related tuning mechanism may be attributed to the H-bonded effect and the changes in a dihedral angle of the binaphthyl rings. This facile assembly approach provides a new way for the fabrication of functional chiral switches for photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengwei Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
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95
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Kim DY, Lee SA, Park M, Choi YJ, Kang SW, Jeong KU. Multi-responsible chameleon molecule with chiral naphthyl and azobenzene moieties. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:2924-2933. [PMID: 25742914 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00073d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A photochromic chiral molecule with azobenzene mesogens and a (R)-configuration naphthyl moiety (abbreviated as NCA2M) was specifically designed and synthesized for the demonstration of chameleon-like color changes responding to multitudinous external stimuli, such as temperature, light and electric field. The basic phase transition behaviors of NCA2M were first studied by the combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). Based on the structure-sensitive X-ray diffraction results obtained at different temperatures, it was comprehended that the NCA2M molecule exhibited the tilted version of highly ordered smectic crystal phase with 5.45 nm layer thickness. Chiral nematic (N*) liquid crystals (LC) with helical superstructures were formed by doping the NCA2M photochromic chiral molecule in an achiral nematic (N) LC medium. By controlling the helical pitch length of N*-LC with respect to temperature, light and electric field, the wavelength of selectively reflected light from the N* photonic crystal was finely tuned. The light-induced color change of N*-LC film was the most efficient method for covering the whole visible region from blue to green and to red, which allowed us to fabricate remote-controllable photo-responsive devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Yoon Kim
- Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center & Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.
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96
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Jin O, Fu D, Ge Y, Wei J, Guo J. Hydrogen-bonded chiral molecular switches: photo- and thermally-reversible switchable full range color in the self-organized helical superstructure. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New kinds of hydrogen-bonded chiral molecular switches and dual photo/thermo-responsive behavior of self-organized helical superstructure based on them were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyu Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Dengwei Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Yixiu Ge
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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97
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Cantatore V, Granucci G, Persico M. The photo-orientation of azobenzene in viscous solutions, simulated by a stochastic model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:25081-92. [PMID: 25331274 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a computational study of the photo-orientation kinetics in a viscous solution of azobenzene in ethylene glycol, under irradiation with linearly polarized light. The development of anisotropy and its interplay with photoisomerization are simulated by a stochastic model. A distinctive feature of the model is that it takes into account the photo-orientation angular distributions, specific for each isomer, obtained by nonadiabatic dynamics simulations at the molecular level. We find that the anisotropy, as measured by optical absorption dichroism, does not necessarily increase monotonously with time. As expected, the photo-orientation turns out to be strongly coupled with photoisomerization, but the latter is not a mandatory ingredient of this phenomenon: we predict that any chromophore undergoing large amplitude geometry relaxation during its excited state dynamics can develop anisotropy under suitable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cantatore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, v. G. Moruzzi, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
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98
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light-directing chiral liquid crystal nanostructures: from 1D to 3D. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3184-95. [PMID: 25181560 DOI: 10.1021/ar500249k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endowing external, remote, and dynamic control to self-organized superstructures with desired functionalities is a principal driving force in the bottom-up nanofabrication of molecular devices. Light-driven chiral molecular switches or motors in liquid crystal (LC) media capable of self-organizing into optically tunable one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) superstructures represent such an elegant system. As a consequence, photoresponsive cholesteric LCs (CLCs), i.e., self-organized 1D helical superstructures, and LC blue phases (BPs), i.e., self-organized 3D periodic cubic lattices, are emerging as a new generation of multifunctional supramolecular 1D and 3D photonic materials in their own right because of their fundamental academic interest and technological significance. These smart stimuli-responsive materials can be facilely fabricated from achiral LC hosts by the addition of a small amount of a light-driven chiral molecular switch or motor. The photoresponsiveness of these materials is a result of both molecular interaction and geometry changes in the chiral molecular switch upon light irradiation. The doped photoresponsive CLCs undergo light-driven pitch modulation and/or helix inversion, which has many applications in color filters, polarizers, all-optical displays, optical lasers, sensors, energy-saving smart devices, and so on. Recently, we have conceptualized and rationally synthesized different light-driven chiral molecular switches that have very high helical twisting powers (HTPs) and exhibit large changes in HTP in different states, thereby enabling wide phototunability of the systems by the addition of very small amounts of the molecular switches into commercially available achiral LCs. The light-driven chiral molecular switches are based on well-recognized azobenzene, dithienylcyclopentene, and spirooxazine derivatives. We have demonstrated high-resolution and lightweight photoaddressable displays without patterned electronics on flexible substrates. The wide tunability of the HTP furnishes reflection colors encompassing the whole visible spectrum and beyond in a reversible manner. Photomodulation of the helical pitch of the CLCs has been achieved by UV, visible, and near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. NIR-light-induced red, green, and blue (RGB) reflections have been leveraged only by varying the power density of the IR laser. Some chiral switches are found to confer helix inversion to the cholesteric systems, which qualifies the CLCs for applications where circularly polarized light is involved. Dynamic and static primary RGB reflection colors have been achieved in a single film. LC BPs have been fabricated and investigated in the context of self-organized 3D photonic band gap (PBG) materials, and dynamic phototuning of the PBG over the visible region has been achieved. Omnidirectional lasing and tuning of the laser emission wavelength have also been attained in monodisperse photoresponsive CLC microshells fabricated by a capillary-based microfluidic technique. This Account covers the research and development in our laboratory starting from the design concepts and synthesis of photodynamic chiral molecular switches to their applications in the fabrication of photoresponsive CLCs and BPs. Potential and demonstrated practical applications of photoresponsive CLCs, microshells, and BPs are discussed, and the Account concludes with a brief forecast of what lies beyond the horizon in this rapidly expanding and fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal
Institute
and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal
Institute
and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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99
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Kobayakawa K, Hasegawa M, Sasaki H, Endo J, Matsuzawa H, Sako K, Yoshida J, Mazaki Y. Dimeric Tetrathiafulvalene Linked topseudo-ortho-[2.2]Paracyclophane: Chiral Electrochromic Properties and Use as a Chiral Dopant. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2751-4. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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100
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Tatum LA, Su X, Aprahamian I. Simple hydrazone building blocks for complicated functional materials. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2141-9. [PMID: 24766362 DOI: 10.1021/ar500111f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: The ability to selectively and effectively control various molecular processes via specific stimuli is a hallmark of the complexity of biological systems. The development of synthetic structures that can mimic such processes, even on the fundamental level, is one of the main goals of supramolecular chemistry. Having this in mind, there has been a foray of research in the past two decades aimed at developing molecular architectures, whose properties can be modulated using external inputs. In most cases, reversible conformational, configurational, or translational motions, as well as bond formation or cleavage reactions have been used in such modulations, which are usually initiated using inputs including, irradiation, metalation, or changes in pH. This research activity has led to the development of a diverse array of impressive adaptive systems that have been used in showcasing the potential of molecular switches and machines. That being said, there are still numerous obstacles to be tackled in the field, ranging from difficulties in getting molecular switches to communicate and work together to complications in integrating and interfacing them with surfaces and bulk materials. Addressing these challenges will necessitate the development of creative new approaches in the field, the improvement of the currently available materials, and the discovery of new molecular switches. This Account will describe how our quest to design new molecular switches has led us to the development of structurally simple systems that can be used for complicated functions. Our focus on the modular and tunable hydrazone functional group was instigated by the desire to simplify the structure and design of molecular switches in order to circumvent multistep synthesis. We hypothesized that by avoiding this synthetic bottleneck, which is one of the factors that hinder fast progress in the field, we can expedite the development and deployment of our adaptive materials. It should be noted though that designing structurally simple switches cannot be an end goal by itself! Therefore, we showed that our molecules can be used in applications that are beyond a simple molecular switching event (i.e., the control of the photophysical properties of liquid crystals and multistep switching cascades). While focusing on these switches, we discovered that the hydrazones can be easily transformed, using straightforward one-step reactions, into visible light activated azo switches, and two different families of fluorophores that can be used in sensing applications. These findings demonstrate that our approach of developing simple systems for sophisticated functions is not limited to the field of molecular switches and machines but can also encompass other adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Tatum
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Xin Su
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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