51
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Nair RR, Raju M, Jana K, Mondal D, Suresh E, Ganguly B, Chatterjee PB. Instant Detection of Hydrogen Cyanide Gas and Cyanide Salts in Solid Matrices and Water by using Cu II and Ni II Complexes of Intramolecularly Hydrogen Bonded Zwitterions. Chemistry 2018; 24:10721-10731. [PMID: 29797369 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded zwitterionic compartmental ligands HL1-HL4, containing a pendent diamine arm that is monoprotonated and an aldehyde functionality at two different ortho-positions of a 4-halophenoxide, is reported herein. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) provides persuasive evidence for the identification of this class of proton-transferred zwitterions at room temperature. The solid-state photoluminescent nature of these zwitterions remains intact in aqueous and organic solutions. Grinding of HL1 and HL2 with Cu2+ /Ni2+ salts develop turn-on probes 1-4. Compounds 1 and 4 are dinuclear CuII and NiII species, respectively. Compound 2 is a tetranuclear CuII complex. Interestingly, compound 3 is a mononuclear NiII species in which both nitrogen atoms in the pendant diamine arm are protonated and, therefore, not coordinated to the NiII center. All these probes (1-4) display an instant response to the poison gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and cyanide salts present in both solid matrices and aqueous (100 % water) solution. Selective and rapid sensing of HCN gas and cyanide salts in solid/soil/water phases, without any interference, by the mechanosynthesized complexes 1-4 can be perceived easily by the naked eye under a hand-held UV lamp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - M Raju
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Kalyanashis Jana
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Mondal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - E Suresh
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
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52
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Xu W, Sun Y, Du L, Chistyachenko YS, Dushkin AV, Su W. Investigations on solid dispersions of valsartan with alkalizing agents: Preparation, characterization and physicochemical properties. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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53
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Mechanochemical Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Lidocaine-Phloroglucinol Hydrate 1:1:1 Complex. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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54
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Bonfilio R, Souza MCO, Leal JS, Viana OMMS, Doriguetto AC, Araújo MBD. Solubility and dissolution studies of tibolone polymorphs. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000400233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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55
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de Oliveira YS, Oliveira AC, Ayala AP. Mechanochemically induced solid state transformations: The case of raloxifene hydrochloride. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 114:146-154. [PMID: 29198613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Raloxifene hydrochloride is a benzothiophene derivative mainly used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, but exhibits a low bioavailability hindered by its poor water solubility. In this study, a mechanochemical approach based on neat and liquid-assisted grinding was applied to produce new solid forms of raloxifene hydrochloride. The solids obtained were characterized by several solid-state techniques, such as powder X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. These results showed that depending on the processing conditions solvated or amorphous forms can be produced. The thermal stability of the new forms was also investigated showing that the new forms convert back into the raw material form, as observed by Raman spectroscopy, which was successfully used to discriminate amorphous and crystalline forms, as well as, to monitor in situ the recrystallization process. Furthermore, the solubility of the new forms was evaluated, showing the clear advantage of the amorphous form, when compared with the currently marketed salt.
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56
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Tan D, Loots L, Friščić T. Towards medicinal mechanochemistry: evolution of milling from pharmaceutical solid form screening to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7760-81. [PMID: 27185190 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This overview highlights the emergent area of mechanochemical reactions for making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and covers the latest advances in the recently established area of mechanochemical screening and synthesis of pharmaceutical solid forms, specifically polymorphs, cocrystals, salts and salt cocrystals. We also provide an overview of the most recent developments in pharmaceutical uses of mechanochemistry, including real-time reaction monitoring, techniques for polymorph control and approaches for continuous manufacture using twin screw extrusion, and more. Most importantly, we show how the overlap of previously unrelated areas of mechanochemical screening for API solid forms, organic synthesis by milling, and mechanochemical screening for molecular recognition, enables the emergence of a new research discipline in which different aspects of pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry are addressed through mechanochemistry rather than through conventional solution-based routes. The emergence of such medicinal mechanochemistry is likely to have a strong impact on future pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as it offers not only access to materials and reactivity that are sometimes difficult or even impossible to access from solution, but can also provide a general answer to the demands of the pharmaceutical industry for cleaner, safer and efficient synthetic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Leigh Loots
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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57
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Seaton CC, Thomas RR, Essifaow EAA, Nauha E, Munshi T, Scowen IJ. Structural motifs in salts of sulfathiazole: implications for design of salt forms in pharmaceuticals APIs. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00606g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The creation of salts is a frequently used approach to modify physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This work prepares a collection of sulfathiazole salts to probe the influence of counterion structure on crystal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin C. Seaton
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences
- University of Bradford
- Bradford
- BD7 1DP UK
| | - Rayan R. Thomas
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences
- University of Bradford
- Bradford
- BD7 1DP UK
| | | | - Elisa Nauha
- School of Chemistry
- Joseph Banks Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln
- UK
| | - Tasnim Munshi
- School of Chemistry
- Joseph Banks Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln
- UK
| | - Ian J. Scowen
- School of Chemistry
- Joseph Banks Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln
- UK
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58
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Abstract
By controlling nucleation and growth through choice of crystallization conditions, the stable co-crystal or metastable salt can be reproducibly obtained in accordance with Ostwald's rule of stages and the concept of ‘disappearing polymorphs’.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Losev
- Group of Reactivity of Solids
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Solid State Reactivity
| | - E. V. Boldyreva
- Group of Reactivity of Solids
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Department of Solid State Chemistry
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59
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Amombo Noa FM, Mehlana G. Co-crystals and salts of vanillic acid and vanillin with amines. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02022h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Co-crystals and salts of vanillin and its oxidized form vanillic acid with amine-type molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise M. Amombo Noa
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Rondebosch 7701
- South Africa
| | - Gift Mehlana
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Rondebosch 7701
- South Africa
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60
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Souza MS, Diniz LF, Vogt L, Carvalho PS, D’vries RF, Ellena J. Avoiding irreversible 5-fluorocytosine hydration via supramolecular synthesis of pharmaceutical cocrystals. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02647e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular reaction of 5-FC with caffeine, p-aminobenzoic and caprylic acid gave rise to solid forms physically stable in humid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus S. Souza
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Luan F. Diniz
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Lautaro Vogt
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Carvalho
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Richard F. D’vries
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 13.560-970 – São Carlos
- Brazil
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61
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Bouvart N, Palix RM, Arkhipov SG, Tumanov IA, Michalchuk AAL, Boldyreva EV. Polymorphism of chlorpropamide on liquid-assisted mechanical treatment: choice of liquid and type of mechanical treatment matter. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02221b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Different types of mechanical treatment (tableting, grinding, milling, etc.) are important technological operations in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bouvart
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- ESCOM
- 1 allée du réseau J.-M. Buckmaster
| | - Roland-Marie Palix
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- ESCOM
- 1 allée du réseau J.-M. Buckmaster
| | - Sergey G. Arkhipov
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
- SB RAS
| | - Ivan A. Tumanov
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
- SB RAS
| | - Adam A. L. Michalchuk
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- EaStChem School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
| | - Elena V. Boldyreva
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
- SB RAS
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62
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André V, Quaresma S, da Silva JLF, Duarte MT. Exploring mechanochemistry to turn organic bio-relevant molecules into metal-organic frameworks: a short review. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2416-2427. [PMID: 29234469 PMCID: PMC5704760 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemistry is a powerful and environmentally friendly synthetic technique successfully employed in different fields of synthetic chemistry. Application spans from organic to inorganic chemistry including the synthesis of coordination compounds. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of compounds with numerous applications, from which we highlight herein their application in the pharmaceutical field (BioMOFs), whose importance has been growing and is now assuming a relevant and promising domain. The need to find cleaner, greener and more energy and material-efficient synthetic procedures led to the use of mechanochemistry into the synthesis of BioMOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia André
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Quaresma
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Luís Ferreira da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Teresa Duarte
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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63
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Garci A, Castor KJ, Fakhoury J, Do JL, Di Trani J, Chidchob P, Stein RS, Mittermaier AK, Friščić T, Sleiman H. Efficient and Rapid Mechanochemical Assembly of Platinum(II) Squares for Guanine Quadruplex Targeting. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16913-16922. [PMID: 29058892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We present a rapid and efficient method to generate a family of platinum supramolecular square complexes, including previously inaccessible targets, through the use of ball milling mechanochemistry. This one-pot, two-step process occurs in minutes and enables the synthesis of the squares [Pt4(en)4(N∩N)4][CF3SO3]8 (en= ethylenediamine, N∩N = 4,4'-bipyridine derivatives) from commercially available precursor K2PtCl4 in good to excellent yields. In contrast, solution-based assembly requires heating the reagents for weeks and gives lower yields. Mechanistic investigations into this remarkable rate acceleration revealed that solution-based assembly (refluxing for days) results in the formation of large oligomeric side-products that are difficult to break down into the desired squares. On the other hand, ball milling in the solid state is rapid and appears to involve smaller intermediates. We examined the binding of the new supramolecular squares to guanine quadruplexes, including oncogene and telomere-associated DNA and RNA sequences. Sub-micromolar binding affinities were obtained by fluorescence displacement assays (FID) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), with binding preference to telomere RNA (TERRA) sequences. ITC showed a 1:1 binding stoichiometry of the metallosquare to TERRA, while the stoichiometry was more complex for telomeric quadruplex DNA and a double-stranded DNA control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Garci
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Katherine J Castor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Johans Fakhoury
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Do
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Justin Di Trani
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Pongphak Chidchob
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Robin S Stein
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Anthony K Mittermaier
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Hanadi Sleiman
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
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64
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
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65
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Cai Q, Xue J, Wang Q, Du Y. Solid-state cocrystal formation between acyclovir and fumaric acid: Terahertz and Raman vibrational spectroscopic studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 186:29-36. [PMID: 28605686 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational spectra of solid-state acyclovir, fumaric acid and their cocrystal have been investigated by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Raman spectroscopy at room temperature. In experimental THz spectra, the cocrystal has absorption peaks in 0.65, 0.94 and 1.10THz respectively, while the raw materials are absolutely different in this region. Raman spectra also show similar results about differences between the cocrystal and raw materials. Density functional theory (DFT) was performed to simulate vibrational modes of different theoretical forms between acyclovir and fumaric acid. The calculation of theoretical THz spectra shows that O8C7N1H27 and the carboxyl group COOH establish a dimer theoretical cocrystal form by the hydrogen bonding effect, which makes contributions to the formation of absorption peaks in 0.70, 1.01 and 1.34THz, and agrees well with experimental observations. The theoretical Raman result also indicates that this dimer form matches with experimental results. The characteristic bands of the cocrystal between acyclovir and fumaric acid are also assigned based on the simulation results from the DFT calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemisty, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yong Du
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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66
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Julien PA, Malvestiti I, Friščić T. The effect of milling frequency on a mechanochemical organic reaction monitored by in situ Raman spectroscopy. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2160-2168. [PMID: 29114323 PMCID: PMC5669241 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide the first in situ and real-time study of the effect of milling frequency on the course of a mechanochemical organic reaction conducted using a vibratory shaker (mixer) ball mill. The use of in situ Raman spectroscopy for real-time monitoring of the mechanochemical synthesis of a 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline derivative revealed a pronounced dependence of chemical reactivity on small variations in milling frequency. In particular, in situ measurements revealed the establishment of two different regimes of reaction kinetics at different frequencies, providing tentative insight into processes of mechanical activation in organic mechanochemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Julien
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivani Malvestiti
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, PE, Brazil
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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67
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Malca MY, Ferko PO, Friščić T, Moores A. Solid-state mechanochemical ω-functionalization of poly(ethylene glycol). Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1963-1968. [PMID: 29062415 PMCID: PMC5629410 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a linear polymer with a wide range of applications in chemical manufacturing, drug development and nanotechnology. PEG derivatives are being increasingly used to covalently modify small molecule and peptide drugs, as well as bioactive nanomaterials in order to improve solubility in biological serum, reduce immunogenicity, and enhance pharmacokinetic profiles. Herein we present the development of mechanochemical procedures for PEG functionalization without the need for bulk solvents, offering a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to existing solution-based PEG procedures. The herein presented mechanochemical procedures enable rapid and solvent-free derivatization of PEG with tosyl, bromide, thiol, carboxylic acid or amine functionalities in good to quantitative yields and with no polymer chain oligomerization, proving the versatility of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Malca
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Pierre-Olivier Ferko
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
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68
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Berry DJ, Steed JW. Pharmaceutical cocrystals, salts and multicomponent systems; intermolecular interactions and property based design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:3-24. [PMID: 28344021 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As small molecule drugs become harder to develop and less cost effective for patient use, efficient strategies for their property improvement become increasingly important to global health initiatives. Improvements in the physical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), without changes in the covalent chemistry, have long been possible through the application of binary component solids. This was first achieved through the use of pharmaceutical salts, within the last 10-15years with cocrystals and more recently coamorphous systems have also been consciously applied to this problem. In order to rationally discover the best multicomponent phase for drug development, intermolecular interactions need to be considered at all stages of the process. This review highlights the current thinking in this area and the state of the art in: pharmaceutical multicomponent phase design, the intermolecular interactions in these phases, the implications of these interactions on the material properties and the pharmacokinetics in a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Berry
- Durham University, Division of Pharmacy, Queen's Campus, Stockton on Tees, TS17 6BH, UK.
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, University Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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69
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Hasa D, Jones W. Screening for new pharmaceutical solid forms using mechanochemistry: A practical guide. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:147-161. [PMID: 28478084 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Within the pharmaceutical industry, and elsewhere, the screening for new solid forms is a mandatory exercise for both existing and new chemical entities. This contribution focuses on mechanochemistry as a versatile approach for discovering new and alternative solid forms. Whilst a series of recently published extensive reviews exist which focus on mechanistic aspects and potential areas of development, in this review we focus on particular practical aspects of mechanochemistry in order to allow full optimisation of the approach in searches for new solid forms including polymorphs, salts and cocrystals as well as their solvated/hydrated analogues. As a consequence of the apparent experimental simplicity of the method (compared to more traditional protocols e.g. solvent-based methods), the high efficiency and range of conditions available in a mechanochemical screen, mechanochemistry should not be considered simply as an alternative method when other screening methods are not successful, but rather as a key strategy in any fully effective solid form screen providing reduced effort and time as well as the potential of requiring reduced amounts of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dritan Hasa
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, LE1 9BH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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70
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Szymański MP, Jędrzejewska H, Wierzbicki M, Szumna A. On the mechanism of mechanochemical molecular encapsulation in peptidic capsules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15676-15680. [PMID: 28598476 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02603j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular encapsulation of C60 inside a hydrogen-bond-sealed semi-flexible peptidic capsule is hindered in solution, yet it proceeds effectively after mechanical milling of a solid sample. We show that the molecular mechanism involves the generation of non-covalently disordered forms that are active in guest uptake. We also show that the solvent-free mechanochemical covalent synthesis of capsules directly results in obtaining disordered, active forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Szymański
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - H Jędrzejewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - M Wierzbicki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - A Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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71
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Kalra A, Tishmack P, Lubach JW, Munson EJ, Taylor LS, Byrn SR, Li T. Impact of Supramolecular Aggregation on the Crystallization Kinetics of Organic Compounds from the Supercooled Liquid State. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2126-2137. [PMID: 28485947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous challenges in their theoretical description and practical implementation, amorphous drugs are of growing importance to the pharmaceutical industry. One such challenge is to gain molecular level understanding of the propensity of a molecule to form and remain as a glassy solid. In this study, a series of structurally similar diarylamine compounds was examined to elucidate the role of supramolecular aggregation on crystallization kinetics from supercooled liquid state. The structural similarity of the compounds makes it easier to isolate the molecular features that affect crystallization kinetics and glass forming ability of these compounds. To examine the role of hydrogen-bonded aggregation and motifs on crystallization kinetics, a combination of thermal and spectroscopic techniques was employed. Using variable temperature FTIR, Raman, and solid-state NMR spectroscopies, the presence of hydrogen bonding in the melt and glassy state was examined and correlated with observed phase transition behaviors. Spectroscopic results revealed that the formation of hydrogen-bonded aggregates involving carboxylic acid and pyridine nitrogen (acid-pyridine aggregates) between neighboring molecules in the melt state impedes crystallization, while the presence of carboxylic acid dimers (acid-acid dimers) in the melt favors crystallization. This study suggests that glass formation of small molecules is influenced by the type of intermolecular interactions present in the melt state and the kinetics associated with the molecules to assemble into a crystalline lattice. For the compounds that form acid-pyridine aggregates, the formation of energy degenerate chains, produced due to conformational flexibility of the molecules, presents a kinetic barrier to crystallization. The poor crystallization tendency of these aggregates stems from the highly directional hydrogen-bonding interactions needed to form the acid-pyridine chains. Conversely, for the compounds that form acid-acid dimers, the nondirectional van der Waals forces needed to construct a nucleus promote rapid assembly and crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Kalra
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Joseph W Lubach
- Genentech , South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Stephen R Byrn
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tonglei Li
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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72
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Du Y, Cai Q, Xue J, Zhang Q, Qin D. Structural investigation of the cocrystal formed between 5-fluorocytosine and fumaric acid based on vibrational spectroscopic technique. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 178:251-257. [PMID: 28213313 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational spectra of 5-fluorocytosine, fumaric acid and their cocrystal were measured using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Raman spectroscopy at room temperature. Experimental THz results show that the cocrystal has distinct fingerprint spectra in terahertz region. The absorption peaks observed in the terahertz spectra of the cocrystal were at 0.61 and 0.91THz. These are quite different from corresponding raw starting materials. Raman spectra also show similar results about differences between the cocrystal and corresponding raw starting materials. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to simulate the structure of the possible salt form and the cocrystal form between 5-fluorocytosine and fumaric acid. The theoretical terahertz result shows that the cocrystal form has absorption at 0.62 and 0.87THz, which is in agreement with the experimental result. The theoretical Raman result also indicates that the cocrystal form has more possibilities than the salt form. So, it is more reasonable that the structure between 5-fluorocytosine and fumaric acid could be the corresponding cocrystal form. The characteristic bands of the cocrystal between 5-fluorocytosine and fumaric acid are also assigned based on the simulation results from the DFT calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Qiang Cai
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dan Qin
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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73
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Martins ICB, Oliveira MC, Diogo HP, Branco LC, Duarte MT. MechanoAPI-ILs: Pharmaceutical Ionic Liquids Obtained through Mechanochemical Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1360-1363. [PMID: 28199779 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An alternative, efficient, and green synthetic strategy for the preparation of pharmaceutical ionic liquids using mechanochemistry (MechanoAPI-ILs) is reported. Six new API-ILs based on gabapentin and l-glutamic acid were successfully synthesized and characterized, demonstrating that mechanochemistry is a very promising synthetic strategy. Results compare both the new and the classical approach and clearly show the advantages of the new method. This new technique is faster, solvent free, reproducible, selective, and leads to higher yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C B Martins
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Conceição Oliveira
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hermínio P Diogo
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís C Branco
- REQUIMTE-LAQV-Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - M Teresa Duarte
- CQE-Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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74
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Batzdorf L, Zientek N, Rump D, Fischer F, Maiwald M, Emmerling F. Make and break - Facile synthesis of cocrystals and comprehensive dissolution studies. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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75
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Lee HL, Vasoya JM, Cirqueira MDL, Yeh KL, Lee T, Serajuddin ATM. Continuous Preparation of 1:1 Haloperidol-Maleic Acid Salt by a Novel Solvent-Free Method Using a Twin Screw Melt Extruder. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1278-1291. [PMID: 28245127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Salts are generally prepared by acid-base reaction in relatively large volumes of organic solvents, followed by crystallization. In this study, the potential for preparing a pharmaceutical salt between haloperidol and maleic acid by a novel solvent-free method using a twin-screw melt extruder was investigated. The pH-solubility relationship between haloperidol and maleic acid in aqueous medium was first determined, which demonstrated that 1:1 salt formation between them was feasible (pHmax 4.8; salt solubility 4.7 mg/mL). Extrusion of a 1:1 mixture of haloperidol and maleic acid at the extruder barrel temperature of 60 °C resulted in the formation of a highly crystalline salt. The effects of operating temperature and screw configuration on salt formation were also investigated, and those two were identified as key processing parameters. Salts were also prepared by solution crystallization from ethyl acetate, liquid-assisted grinding, and heat-assisted grinding and compared with those obtained by melt extrusion by using DSC, PXRD, TGA, and optical microscopy. While similar salts were obtained by all methods, both melt extrusion and solution crystallization yielded highly crystalline materials with identical enthalpies of melting. During the pH-solubility study, a salt hydrate form was also identified, which, upon heating, converted to anhydrate similar to that obtained by other methods. There were previous reports of the formation of cocrystals, but not salts, by melt extrusion. 1H NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed that a salt was indeed formed in the present study. The haloperidol-maleic acid salt obtained was nonhygroscopic in the moisture sorption study and converted to the hydrate form only upon mixing with water. Thus, we are reporting for the first time a relatively simple and solvent-free twin-screw melt extrusion method for the preparation of a pharmaceutical salt that provides material comparable to that obtained by solution crystallization and is amenable to continuous manufacturing and easy scale up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Lin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
| | - Jaydip M Vasoya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
| | - Marilia de Lima Cirqueira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
| | - Kuan Lin Yeh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Tu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Abu T M Serajuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
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76
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Do JL, Friščić T. Mechanochemistry: A Force of Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:13-19. [PMID: 28149948 PMCID: PMC5269651 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a reawakening of solid-state approaches to chemical synthesis, driven by the search for new, cleaner synthetic methodologies. Mechanochemistry, i.e., chemical transformations initiated or sustained by mechanical force, has been advancing particularly rapidly, from a laboratory curiosity to a widely applicable technique that not only enables a cleaner route to chemical transformations but offers completely new opportunities in making and screening for molecules and materials. This Outlook provides a brief overview of the recent achievements and opportunities created by mechanochemistry, including access to materials, molecular targets, and synthetic strategies that are hard or even impossible to access by conventional means.
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77
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Zhan G, Zeng HC. Alternative synthetic approaches for metal–organic frameworks: transformation from solid matters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:72-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes alternative approaches for MOF synthesis by using solvent-insoluble “solid matters” as cation reservoirs and/or templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowu Zhan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Singapore
| | - Hua Chun Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Singapore
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78
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Quaresma S, André V, Fernandes A, Duarte MT. Mechanochemistry – A green synthetic methodology leading to metallodrugs, metallopharmaceuticals and bio-inspired metal-organic frameworks. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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79
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80
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Li S, Yu T, Tian Y, McCoy CP, Jones DS, Andrews GP. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Pharmaceutical Cocrystal Suspensions via Hot Melt Extrusion: Feasibility Studies and Physicochemical Characterization. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3054-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Li
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
| | - Tao Yu
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
| | - Yiwei Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
| | - Colin P. McCoy
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
| | - David S. Jones
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
| | - Gavin P. Andrews
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy,
Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9, Northern Ireland
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81
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Investigation the inclusion complexes of valsartan with polysaccharide arabinogalactan from larch Larix sibirica and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin: preparation, characterization and physicochemical properties. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-016-0608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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82
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Bolla G, Nangia A. Multicomponent ternary cocrystals of the sulfonamide group with pyridine-amides and lactams. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:15578-81. [PMID: 26355724 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06475a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SMBA was selected as a bifunctional sulfa drug to design ternary cocrystals with pyridine amides and lactam coformers. Supramolecular assembly of five ternary cocrystals of p-sulfonamide benzoic acid with nicotinamide and 2-pyridone is demonstrated and reproducible heterosynthons are identified for crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500046, India.
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83
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Pawar Jaywant N, Amin Purnima D. Development of efavirenz cocrystals from stoichiometric solutions by spray drying technology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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84
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Kaur R, Cherukuvada S, Managutti PB, Row TNG. A gallic acid–succinimide co-crystal landscape: polymorphism, pseudopolymorphism, variable stoichiometry co-crystals and concomitant growth of non-solvated and solvated co-crystals. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01965f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A design aspect for selective formation of diverse solid forms such as solvates, hydrates and anhydrous forms has been successfully investigated in a gallic acid–succinimide co-crystal landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanpreet Kaur
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560012, India
| | | | - Praveen B. Managutti
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Tayur N. Guru Row
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560012, India
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85
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Michalchuk AAL, Tumanov IA, Drebushchak VA, Boldyreva EV. Advances in elucidating mechanochemical complexities via implementation of a simple organic system. Faraday Discuss 2015; 170:311-35. [PMID: 25406486 DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00150d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry is becoming increasingly popular amongst both the academic and industrial communities as an alternative method for inducing physical and chemical reactions. Despite its rapidly expanding application, little is understood of its mechanisms, greatly limiting its capacity. In the present work the application of specialty devices allowed submission of the simple organic system, α-glycine + β-malonic acid, to isolated shearing and impact treatment. In doing so, unique products were observed to result from each of these major mechanical actions; shear inducing formation of the known salt, glycinium semi-malonate (GSM), and impact yielding formation of a novel phase. Correlation of these isolated treatments with a more common ball mill indicated two unique regions within the milling jar, each characterised by varying ratios of shear and impact, leading to different products being observed. It is widely accepted that, particularly when considering organic systems, mechanical treatment often acts by inducing increases in local temperature, leading to volatilisation or melting. A combination of DSC and TGA were used to investigate the role of temperature on the system in question. Invariably, heating induced formation of GSM, with evidence supporting a eutectic melt, rather than a gas-phase reaction. Shear heating alone is unable to describe formation of the novel phase obtained through impact treatment. By considering the formation and character of mechanically produced tablets, a model is described that may account for formation of this novel phase. This system and methodology for mechanochemical study offers intriguing opportunities for continued study of this widely used and exciting field.
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86
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Tröbs L, Emmerling F. Mechanochemical synthesis and characterisation of cocrystals and metal organic compounds. Faraday Discuss 2015; 170:109-19. [PMID: 25408947 DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00163f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanochemical synthesis of two model compounds, a metal organic framework (H2Im)[Bi(1,4-bdc)2] (bdc = benzene dicarboxylate, H2Im = imidazole cation)) and a cocrystal (carbamazepine : indometacin 1 : 1) were followed ex situ using a combination of two analytical methods. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy data were evaluated for the synthesis of the metal organic framework. The XRD measurements and REM images were analysed for the synthesis of the cocrystal. The measurements revealed that both model compounds were synthesised within minutes. The metal organic framework (H2Im)[Bi(1,4-bdc)2] is synthesised via an intermediate structure. The cocrystal carbamazepine : indometacin 1 : 1 is formed within a few seconds. The crystallite size decreases during the further milling treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tröbs
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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87
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Friščić T, James SL, Boldyreva EV, Bolm C, Jones W, Mack J, Steed JW, Suslick KS. Highlights from Faraday Discussion 170: challenges and opportunities of modern mechanochemistry, Montreal, Canada, 2014. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6248-56. [PMID: 25785352 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc90113h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Faraday Discussion Mechanochemistry: From Functional Solids to Single Molecules which took place 21-23 May 2014 in Montreal, Canada, brought together a diversity of academic and industrial researchers, experimentalists and theoreticians, students, as well as experienced researchers, to discuss the changing face of mechanochemistry, an area with a long history and deep connections to manufacturing, that is currently undergoing vigorous renaissance and rapid expansion in a number of areas, including supramolecular chemistry, smart polymers, metal-organic frameworks, pharmaceutical materials, catalytic organic synthesis, as well as mineral and biomass processing and nanoparticle synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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88
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Houton KA, Burslem GM, Wilson AJ. Development of solvent-free synthesis of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polyurethanes. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2382-2388. [PMID: 29308152 PMCID: PMC5647484 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03804e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A solvent free ball-milling method for the synthesis of small molecule and oligomeric carbamates is described that is applicable to supramolecular polymer synthesis.
In this work we describe the solvent free synthesis of supramolecular polyurethanes held together by heterocomplementary triple hydrogen bonding. We perform a systematic evaluation on the base catalyzed synthesis of small molecule ureas and carbamates from a range of isocyanates, amines and alcohols in solution and in the solid state using ball milling. These optimized procedures are then shown to be applicable to the synthesis of supramolecular polyurethanes using solvent-free methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Houton
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)113 3431409
| | - George M Burslem
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)113 3431409.,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK
| | - Andrew J Wilson
- School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)113 3431409.,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK
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89
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Domingos S, André V, Quaresma S, Martins ICB, Minas da Piedade MF, Duarte MT. New forms of old drugs: improving without changing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:830-46. [PMID: 25648101 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In a short approach, we want to present the improvements that have recently been done in the world of new solid forms of known active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The different strategies will be addressed, and successful examples will be given. KEY FINDINGS This overview presents a possible step to overcome the 10-15 years of hard work involved in launching a new drug in the market: the use of new forms of well-known APIs, and improve their efficiency by enhancing their bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. It discusses some of the latest progresses. SUMMARY We want to present, in a brief overview, what recently has been done to improve the discovery of innovative methods of using well-known APIs, and improve their efficiency. Multicomponent crystal forms have shown to be the most promising achievements to accomplish these aims, by altering API physico-chemical properties, such as solubility, thermal stability, shelf life, dissolution rate and compressibility. API-ionic liquids (ILs) and their advantages will be briefly referred. An outline of what has recently been achieved in metal drug coordination and in drug storage and delivery using bio-inspired metal-organic frameworks (BioMOFs) will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Domingos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vânia André
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centre for research in ceramics and composite materials (CICECO), Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Quaresma
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês C B Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Fátima Minas da Piedade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Duarte
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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90
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Tireli M, Juribašić Kulcsár M, Cindro N, Gracin D, Biliškov N, Borovina M, Ćurić M, Halasz I, Užarević K. Mechanochemical reactions studied by in situ Raman spectroscopy: base catalysis in liquid-assisted grinding. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8058-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01915j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring byin situRaman spectroscopy of a mechanochemical substitution reaction on a carbonyl group reveals base catalysis akin to catalysis in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikola Cindro
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | | | | | - Mladen Borovina
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
| | - Manda Ćurić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Ivan Halasz
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
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91
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Maddileti D, Nangia A. Polymorphism in anti-hyperammonemic agent N-carbamoyl-l-glutamic acid. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid form screen of anti-hyperammonemic drug carglumic acid (CGA) resulted in two polymorphs, Form-I and Form-II. The crystal structure of Form-I is sustained by an acid catemer synthon, whereas Form-II has an acid–amide heterosynthon. Slurry grinding, thermal stress, stability measurements, and DVS analysis confirm the thermodynamic stability of Form-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Maddileti
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Prof. C. R. Rao Road
- Central University PO
- Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Ashwini Nangia
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Prof. C. R. Rao Road
- Central University PO
- Hyderabad 500 046, India
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92
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Duangkamol C, Jaita S, Wangngae S, Phakhodee W, Pattarawarapan M. An efficient mechanochemical synthesis of amides and dipeptides using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and PPh3. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mechanochemical method for amidation of carboxylic acids and urethane-protected (Fmoc, Cbz, Boc) α-amino acids has been developed as a facile, efficient, and eco-friendly route toward amides and dipeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuthamat Duangkamol
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
| | - Subin Jaita
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
| | - Sirilak Wangngae
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
| | - Wong Phakhodee
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
| | - Mookda Pattarawarapan
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
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93
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94
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Oliveira PFM, Baron M, Chamayou A, André-Barrès C, Guidetti B, Baltas M. Solvent-free mechanochemical route for green synthesis of pharmaceutically attractive phenol-hydrazones. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10489g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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95
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Holaň J, Štěpánek F, Billot P, Ridvan L. The construction, prediction and measurement of co-crystal ternary phase diagrams as a tool for solvent selection. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 63:124-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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96
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Bruni G, Maietta M, Berbenni V, Mustarelli P, Ferrara C, Freccero M, Grande V, Maggi L, Milanese C, Girella A, Marini A. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Bumetanide–4-Aminobenzoic Acid Molecular Cocrystals: A Facile and Green Approach to Drug Optimization. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9180-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503256k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Bruni
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Maietta
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Berbenni
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferrara
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Department of Chemistry,
Organic Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grande
- Department of Chemistry,
Organic Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lauretta Maggi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Girella
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Amedeo Marini
- C.S.G.I.
- Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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97
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Aakeröy CB, Friščić T. 2014 International year of crystallography celebration: North America. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce90100b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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98
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Srivastava M, Rai P, Singh J, Singh J. Bmim(OH)/chitosan/C2H5OH synergy: grinding induced, a new route for the synthesis of spiro-oxindole and its derivatives. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03483j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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99
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Tothadi S, Desiraju GR. Designing ternary cocrystals with hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 49:7791-3. [PMID: 23880638 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A graded selection of hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds allows for the isolation of 2 : 1 : 1 ternary cocrystals of the general form 4-nitrobenzamide : diacid : 1,4-dihalogenated benzene, which are mediated by the amide-acid and I···O2N supramolecular synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinu Tothadi
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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100
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Tröbs L, Wilke M, Szczerba W, Reinholz U, Emmerling F. Mechanochemical synthesis and characterisation of two new bismuth metal organic frameworks. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42633e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two metal organic structures composed of the ligands benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate and pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylate and bismuth cations are presented: (H2Im)[Bi(1,4-bdc)2] (1) and [Bi(pydc)(NO3)2(H2O)2]·H2O (2) (bdc = benzenedicarboxylate, H2Im = imidazole cation, pydc = pyridinedicarboxylate).
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Tröbs
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Wilke
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Szczerba
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - U. Reinholz
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin, Germany
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