51
|
Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5696-5705. [PMID: 31769151 PMCID: PMC7154638 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A neutral hybrid macrocycle with two trans-positioned N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and two pyridine donors hosts copper in three oxidation states (+I-+III) in a series of structurally characterized complexes (1-3). Redox interconversion of [LCu]+/2+/3+ is electrochemically (quasi)reversible and occurs at moderate potentials (E1/2 =-0.45 V and +0.82 V (vs. Fc/Fc+ )). A linear CNHC -Cu-CNHC arrangement and hemilability of the two pyridine donors allows the ligand to adapt to the different stereoelectronic and coordination requirements of CuI versus CuII /CuIII . Analytical methods such as NMR, UV/Vis, IR, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Cu Kβ high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption spectroscopies, as well as DFT calculations, give insight into the geometric and electronic structures of the complexes. The XAS signatures of 1-3 are textbook examples for CuI , CuII , and CuIII species. Facile 2-electron interconversion combined with the exposure of two basic pyridine N sites in the reduced CuI form suggest that [LCu]+/2+/3+ may operate in catalysis via coupled 2 e- /2 H+ transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Carsch KM, DiMucci IM, Iovan DA, Li A, Zheng SL, Titus CJ, Lee SJ, Irwin KD, Nordlund D, Lancaster KM, Betley TA. Synthesis of a copper-supported triplet nitrene complex pertinent to copper-catalyzed amination. Science 2020; 365:1138-1143. [PMID: 31515388 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Terminal copper-nitrenoid complexes have inspired interest in their fundamental bonding structures as well as their putative intermediacy in catalytic nitrene-transfer reactions. Here, we report that aryl azides react with a copper(I) dinitrogen complex bearing a sterically encumbered dipyrrin ligand to produce terminal copper nitrene complexes with near-linear, short copper-nitrenoid bonds [1.745(2) to 1.759(2) angstroms]. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations reveal a predominantly triplet nitrene adduct bound to copper(I), as opposed to copper(II) or copper(III) assignments, indicating the absence of a copper-nitrogen multiple-bond character. Employing electron-deficient aryl azides renders the copper nitrene species competent for alkane amination and alkene aziridination, lending further credence to the intermediacy of this species in proposed nitrene-transfer mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Diana A Iovan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alex Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles J Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Irwin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Carsch KM, Lukens JT, DiMucci IM, Iovan DA, Zheng SL, Lancaster KM, Betley TA. Electronic Structures and Reactivity Profiles of Aryl Nitrenoid-Bridged Dicopper Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2264-2276. [PMID: 31917556 PMCID: PMC7262786 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dicopper complexes templated by dinucleating, pacman dipyrrin ligand scaffolds (Mesdmx, tBudmx: dimethylxanthine-bridged, cofacial bis-dipyrrin) were synthesized by deprotonation/metalation with mesitylcopper (CuMes; Mes: mesityl) or by transmetalation with cuprous precursors from the corresponding deprotonated ligand. Neutral imide complexes (Rdmx)Cu2(μ2-NAr) (R: Mes, tBu; Ar: 4-MeOC6H4, 3,5-(F3C)2C6H3) were synthesized by treatment of the corresponding dicuprous complexes with aryl azides. While one-electron reduction of (Mesdmx)Cu2(μ2-N(C6H4OMe)) with potassium graphite initiates an intramolecular, benzylic C-H amination at room temperature, chemical reduction of (tBudmx)Cu2(μ2-NAr) leads to isolable [(tBudmx)Cu2(μ2-NAr)]- product salts. The electronic structures of the thermally robust [(tBudmx)Cu2(μ2-NAr)]0/- complexes were assessed by variable-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (Cu L2,3/K-edge, N K-edge), optical spectroscopy, and DFT/CASSCF calculations. These data indicate that the formally Class IIIA mixed valence complexes of the type [(Rdmx)Cu2(μ2-NAr)]- feature significant NAr-localized spin following reduction from electronic population of the [Cu2(μ2-NAr)] π* manifold, contrasting previous methods for engendering iminyl character through chemical oxidation. The reactivity of the isolable imido and iminyl complexes are examined for prototypical radical-promoted reactivity (e.g., nitrene transfer and H-atom abstraction), where the divergent reactivity is rationalized by the relative degree of N-radical character afforded from different aryl substituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M. Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - James T. Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ida M. DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Diana A. Iovan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Theodore A. Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Sun T, Meng X, Cao J, Wang Y, Guo Z, Wang Z, Liu H, Zhang X, Tai R. A portable data-collection system for soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:014709. [PMID: 32012623 DOI: 10.1063/1.5128054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System, a portable data-collection system for soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy has been developed at the BL02B and BL08U beamlines of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The data-collection system can be used to carry out total electron yield (TEY) and total fluorescence yield (TFY) experiments simultaneously. The hardware consists of current preamplifiers, voltage-to-frequency converters, and a multi-channel counter, which are aimed at improving the signal-to-noise ratio. The control logic is developed using Python and Java. The novelty of this control system is its designed portability while being extensible and readable and having low noise and high real-time capabilities. The oxygen K-edge absorption spectra of SrTiO3 were obtained using the TEY and TFY technology at the BL02B beamline. Furthermore, the TEY and TFY spectra of the relaxor ferroelectric single-crystal of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate measured by the present data-collection system have lower peak-to-peak noise amplitude than the ones measured by using a picoammeter. The experimental results show that the spectral signal-to-noise ratio recorded by the present system is 5.7-12.4 dB higher than that with the picoammeter detector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jiefeng Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhi Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Haigang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiangzhi Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Renzhong Tai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
DiMucci IM, Lukens JT, Chatterjee S, Carsch KM, Titus CJ, Lee SJ, Nordlund D, Betley TA, MacMillan SN, Lancaster KM. The Myth of d 8 Copper(III). J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18508-18520. [PMID: 31710466 PMCID: PMC7256958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen Cu complexes with formal oxidation states ranging from CuI to CuIII are investigated through the use of multiedge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Analysis reveals that the metal-ligand bonding in high-valent, formally CuIII species is extremely covalent, resulting in Cu K-edge and L2,3-edge spectra whose features have energies that complicate physical oxidation state assignment. Covalency analysis of the Cu L2,3-edge data reveals that all formally CuIII species have significantly diminished Cu d-character in their lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). DFT calculations provide further validation of the orbital composition analysis, and excellent agreement is found between the calculated and experimental results. The finding that Cu has limited capacity to be oxidized necessitates localization of electron hole character on the supporting ligands; consequently, the physical d8 description for these formally CuIII species is inaccurate. This study provides an alternative explanation for the competence of formally CuIII species in transformations that are traditionally described as metal-centered, 2-electron CuI/CuIII redox processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida M. DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - James T. Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kurtis M. Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Charles J. Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Theodore A. Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Pushie MJ, Stefaniak E, Sendzik MR, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Haas KL. Using N-Terminal Coordination of Cu(II) and Ni(II) to Isolate the Coordination Environment of Cu(I) and Cu(II) Bound to His13 and His14 in Amyloid-β(4-16). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15138-15154. [PMID: 31657204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is a cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein and has been implicated as a central player in Alzheimer's disease. The N-terminal end of Aβ is variable, and different proportions of these variable-length Aβ peptides are present in healthy individuals and those with the disease. The N-terminally truncated form of Aβ starting at position 4 (Aβ4-x) has a His residue as the third amino acid (His6 using the formal Aβ numbering). The N-terminal sequence Xaa-Xaa-His is known as an amino terminal copper and nickel binding motif (ATCUN), which avidly binds Cu(II). This motif is not present in the commonly studied Aβ1-x peptides. In addition to the ATCUN site, Aβ4-x contains an additional metal binding site located at the tandem His residues (bis-His at His13 and 14) which is also found in other isoforms of Aβ. Using the ATCUN and bis-His motifs, the Aβ4-x peptide is capable of binding multiple metal ions simultaneously. We confirm that Cu(II) bound to this particular ATCUN site is redox silent, but the second Cu(II) site is redox active and can be readily reduced with ascorbate. We have employed surrogate metal ions to block copper coordination at the ATCUN or the tandem His site in order to isolate spectral features of the copper coordination environment for structural characterization using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. This approach reveals that each copper coordination environment is independent in the Cu2Aβ4-x state. The identification of two functionally different copper binding environments within the Aβ4-x sequence may have important implications for this peptide in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jake Pushie
- Department of Surgery , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5E5 , Canada
| | - Ewelina Stefaniak
- Department of Chemistry and Physics , Saint Mary's College , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences , Pawińskiego 5a , 02-106 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Madison R Sendzik
- Department of Chemistry and Physics , Saint Mary's College , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Kathryn L Haas
- Department of Chemistry and Physics , Saint Mary's College , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Smits NWG, den Boer D, Wu L, Hofmann JP, Hetterscheid DGH. Elucidation of the Structure of a Thiol Functionalized Cu-tmpa Complex Anchored to Gold via a Self-Assembled Monolayer. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13007-13019. [PMID: 31549820 PMCID: PMC6784813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The structure of the copper complex
of the 6-((1-butanethiol)oxy)-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine ligand (Cu-tmpa-O(CH2)4SH) anchored to a gold surface has been investigated.
To enable covalent attachment of the complex to the gold surface,
a heteromolecular self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of butanethiol and
a thiol-substituted tmpa ligand was used. Subsequent formation of
the immobilized copper complex by cyclic voltammetry in the presence
of Cu(OTf)2 resulted in the formation of the anchored Cu-tmpa-O(CH2)4SH system which, according to scanning electron
microscopy and X-ray diffraction, did not contain any accumulated
copper nanoparticles or crystalline copper material. Electrochemical
investigation of the heterogenized system barely showed any redox
activity and lacked the typical CuII/I redox couple in
contrast to the homogeneous complex in solution. The difference between
the heterogenized system and the homogeneous complex was confirmed
by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; the XPS spectrum did not show
any satellite features of a CuII species but instead showed
the presence of a CuI ion in a ∼2:3 ratio to nitrogen
and a ∼2:7 ratio to sulfur. The +I oxidation state of the copper
species was confirmed by the edge position in the X-ray absorption
near-edge structure (XANES) region of the X-ray absorption spectrum.
These results show that upon immobilization of Cu-tmpa-O(CH2)4SH, the resulting structure is not identical to the
homogeneous CuII-tmpa complex. Upon anchoring, a novel
CuI species is formed instead. This illustrates the importance
of a thorough characterization of heterogenized molecular systems
before drawing any conclusions regarding the structure–function
relationships. Both the oxidation state and the structure of the CuII complex of tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (Cu-tmpa) change upon
anchoring it to a gold surface via a self-assembled monolayer. It
was shown by XPS and XANES that a CuI species is formed
upon anchoring instead in which each tmpa ligand contains roughly
two to three copper ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole W G Smits
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Daan den Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Longfei Wu
- Laboratory for Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Jan P Hofmann
- Laboratory for Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Dennis G H Hetterscheid
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Chia L, Du YH, Palale S, Lee PS. Interaction of Copper Phthalocyanine with Nitrogen Dioxide and Ammonia Investigation Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Chemiresistive Gas Measurements. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10388-10395. [PMID: 31460132 PMCID: PMC6647996 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The interaction site of phthalocyanine (Pc) with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been characterized using different methods and found to be conflicting. By knowing the interaction site, the Pc molecule can be better customized to improve the gas sensitivity. In this article, the interaction sites of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) with oxidizing NO2 or with reducing gas (ammonia, NH3) were identified using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The sensitivity of CuPc to sub-ppm levels of the tested gases was established in the CuPc chemoresistive gas sensors. The analyte-sensor interaction sites were identified and validated by monitoring the Cu K-edge XAS before and during gas exposure. From the X-ray absorption near-edge structure and its first derivative, a low or lack of axial coordination on the Cu metal center of CuPc is evident. Using the extended X-ray absorption fine structure with molecular orbital information of the involved molecules, the macrocycle interaction between CuPc and NO2 or NH3 was proposed to be the dominant sensing mechanism on CuPc sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping
Sharon Chia
- Research
and Technology Center (Asia Pacific), Corporate Research, Robert Bosch (SEA) Pte Ltd, 11 Bishan Street 21, 573943, Singapore
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yong Hua Du
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency
for Science, Technology and Research in Singapore (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong
Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Suresh Palale
- Research
and Technology Center (Asia Pacific), Corporate Research, Robert Bosch (SEA) Pte Ltd, 11 Bishan Street 21, 573943, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Jesse KA, Filatov AS, Xie J, Anderson JS. Neocuproine as a Redox-Active Ligand Platform on Iron and Cobalt. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9057-9066. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Jesse
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jiaze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - John S. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Matson BD, McLoughlin EA, Armstrong KC, Waymouth RM, Sarangi R. Effect of Redox Active Ligands on the Electrochemical Properties of Manganese Tricarbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7453-7465. [PMID: 31117629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structural characterization, and electrochemical behavior of the neutral Mn(azpy)(CO)3(Br) 4 (azpy = 2-phenylazopyridine) complex is reported and compared with its structural analogue Mn(bipy)(CO)3(Br) 1 (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine). 4 exhibits reversible two-electron reduction at a mild potential (-0.93 V vs Fc+/0 in acetonitrile) in contrast to 1, which exhibits two sequential one-electron reductions at -1.68 V and -1.89 V vs Fc+/0 in acetonitrile. The key electronic structure differences between 1 and 4 that lead to disparate electrochemical properties are investigated using a combination of Mn-K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), Mn-Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), and density functional theory (DFT) on 1, 4, their debrominated analogues, [Mn(L)(CO)3(CH3CN)][CF3SO3] (L = bipy 2, azpy 5), and two-electron reduced counterparts [Mn(bipy)(CO)3][K(18-crown-6)] 3 and [Mn(azpy)(CO)3][Cp2Co] 6. The results reveal differences in the distribution of electrons about the CO and bidentate ligands (bipy and azpy), particularly upon formation of the highly reduced, formally Mn(-1) species. The data show that the degree of ligand noninnocence and resulting redox-activity in Mn(L)(CO)3 type complexes impacts not only the reducing power of such systems, but the speciation of the reduced complexes via perturbation of the monomer-dimer equilibrium in the singly reduced Mn(0) state. This study highlights the role of redox-active ligands in tuning the reactivity of metal centers involved in electrocatalytic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Matson
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California , United States
| | - Elizabeth A McLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Keith C Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Ritimukta Sarangi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California , United States
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Lukens JT, DiMucci IM, Kurogi T, Mindiola DJ, Lancaster KM. Scrutinizing metal-ligand covalency and redox non-innocence via nitrogen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5044-5055. [PMID: 31183055 PMCID: PMC6530532 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) were obtained for 19 transition metal complexes bearing bipyridine, ethylenediamine, ammine, and nitride ligands. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and DFT/restricted open configuration interaction singles (DFT/ROCIS) calculations were found to predict relative N K-edge XAS peak energies with good fidelity to experiment. The average difference (|ΔE|) between experimental and linear corrected calculated energies were found to be 0.55 ± 0.05 eV and 0.46 ± 0.04 eV, respectively, using the B3LYP hybrid density functional and scalar relativistically recontracted ZORA-def2-TZVP(-f) basis set. Deconvolution of these global correlations into individual N-donor ligand classes gave improved agreement between experiment and theory with |ΔE| less than 0.4 eV for all ligand classes in the case of DFT/ROCIS. In addition, calibration method-dependent values for the N 1s → 2p radial dipole integral of 25.4 ± 1.7 and 26.8 ± 1.9 are obtained, affording means to estimate the nitrogen 2p character in unfilled frontier molecular orbitals. For the complexes studied, nitrogen covalency values correlate well to those calculated by hybrid DFT with an R 2 = 0.92 ± 0.01. Additionally, as a test case, a well-characterized PNP ligand framework (PNP = N[2-P(CHMe2)2-4-methylphenyl]2 1-) coordinated to NiII is investigated for its ability to act as a redox non-innocent ligand. Upon oxidation of (PNP)NiCl with [FeCp2](OTf) to its radical cation, [(PNP)NiCl](OTf) (OTf = triflate), a new low-energy feature emerges in the N K-edge XAS spectra. This feature is assigned as N 1s to a PNP-localized acceptor orbital exhibiting 27 ± 2% N 2p aminyl radical character, obtained using the aforementioned nitrogen covalency calibration. Combined, these data showcase a direct spectroscopic means of identifying redox-active N-donor ligands and also estimating nitrogen 2p covalency of frontier molecular orbitals in transition metal complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James T Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University , Baker Laboratory , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA .
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University , Baker Laboratory , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA .
| | - Takashi Kurogi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University , Baker Laboratory , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Lim H, Thomas KE, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Ghosh A, Solomon EI. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy as a Probe of Ligand Noninnocence in Metallocorroles: The Case of Copper Corroles. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6722-6730. [PMID: 31046257 PMCID: PMC6644708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The question of ligand noninnocence in Cu corroles has long been a topic of discussion. Presented herein is a Cu K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study, which provides a direct probe of the metal oxidation state, of three Cu corroles, Cu[TPC], Cu[Br8TPC], and Cu[(CF3)8TPC] (TPC = meso-triphenylcorrole), and the analogous Cu(II) porphyrins, Cu[TPP], Cu[Br8TPP], and Cu[(CF3)8TPP] (TPP = meso-tetraphenylporphyrin). The Cu K rising-edges of the Cu corroles were found to be about 0-1 eV upshifted relative to the analogous porphyrins, which is substantially lower than the 1-2 eV shifts typically exhibited by authentic Cu(II)/Cu(III) model complex pairs. In an unusual twist, the Cu K pre-edge regions of both the Cu corroles and the Cu porphyrins exhibit two peaks split by 0.8-1.3 eV. Based on time-dependent density functional theory calculations, the lower- and higher-energy peaks were assigned to a Cu 1s → 3d x2- y2 transition and a Cu 1s → corrole/porphyrin π* transition, respectively. From the Cu(II) porphyrins to the corresponding Cu corroles, the energy of the Cu 1s → 3d x2- y2 transition peak was found to upshift by 0.6-0.8 eV. This shift is approximately half that observed between Cu(II) to Cu(III) states for well-defined complexes. The Cu K-edge XAS spectra thus show that although the metal sites in the Cu corroles are more oxidized relative to those in their Cu(II) porphyrin analogues, they are not oxidized to the Cu(III) level, consistent with the notion of a noninnocent corrole. The relative importance of σ-donation versus corrole π-radical character is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtaek Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kolle E. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, UiT — The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, UiT — The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Moore JT, Chatterjee S, Tarrago M, Clouston LJ, Sproules S, Bill E, Bernales V, Gagliardi L, Ye S, Lancaster KM, Lu CC. Enhanced Fe-Centered Redox Flexibility in Fe-Ti Heterobimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6199-6214. [PMID: 30957996 PMCID: PMC6727590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Previously, we reported the synthesis
of Ti[N(o-(NCH2P(iPr)2)C6H4)3] and
the Fe–Ti complex, FeTi[N(o-(NCH2P(iPr)2)C6H4)3], abbreviated as TiL (1), and FeTiL
(2), respectively. Herein, we describe the synthesis
and characterization of the complete redox families of the monometallic
Ti and Fe–Ti compounds. Cyclic voltammetry studies on FeTiL
reveal both reduction and oxidation processes at −2.16 and
−1.36 V (versus Fc/Fc+), respectively. Two isostructural
redox members, [FeTiL]+ and [FeTiL]− (2ox and 2red, respectively)
were synthesized and characterized, along with BrFeTiL (2-Br) and the monometallic [TiL]+ complex (1ox). The solid-state structures of the [FeTiL]+/0/– series feature short metal–metal bonds, ranging from 1.94–2.38
Å, which are all shorter than the sum of the Ti and Fe single-bond
metallic radii (cf. 2.49 Å). To elucidate the bonding and electronic
structures, the complexes were characterized with a host of spectroscopic
methods, including NMR, EPR, and 57Fe Mössbauer,
as well as Ti and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). These
studies, along with hybrid density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent
DFT calculations, suggest that the redox processes in the isostructural
[FeTiL]+,0,– series are primarily Fe-based and that
the polarized Fe–Ti π-bonds play a role in delocalizing
some of the additional electron density from Fe to Ti (net 13%). An isostructural redox series of Fe≡Ti complexes was investigated
using a combination of spectroscopic methods and density functional
theory to elucidate their electronic structures and to understand
their polarized metal−metal bonding. Overall, the results support
that the redox changes occur primarily at the Fe site though some
electron density is delocalized to Ti. Hence, the Ti plays an important
role in enhancing the redox flexibility of the single Fe site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James T Moore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory , Cornell University , Ithaca New York 14853 , United States
| | - Maxime Tarrago
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Laura J Clouston
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstraße 34-36 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Varinia Bernales
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory , Cornell University , Ithaca New York 14853 , United States
| | - Connie C Lu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Desnoyer AN, He W, Behyan S, Chiu W, Love JA, Kennepohl P. The Importance of Ligand-Induced Backdonation in the Stabilization of Square Planar d 10 Nickel π-Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:5259-5268. [PMID: 30693581 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The electronic nature of Ni π-complexes is underexplored even though these complexes have been widely postulated as intermediates in organometallic chemistry. Herein, the geometric and electronic structure of a series of nickel π-complexes, Ni(dtbpe)(X) (dtbpe=1,2-bis(di-tert-butyl)phosphinoethane; X=alkene or carbonyl containing π-ligands), is probed using a combination of 31 P NMR, Ni K-edge XAS, Ni Kβ XES, and DFT calculations. These complexes are best described as square planar d10 complexes with π-backbonding acting as the dominant contributor to M-L bonding to the π-ligand. The degree of backbonding correlates with 2 JPP from NMR and the energy of the Ni 1s→4pz pre-edge in the Ni K-edge XAS data, and is determined by the energy of the π*ip ligand acceptor orbital. Thus, unactivated olefinic ligands tend to be poor π-acids whereas ketones, aldehydes, and esters allow for greater backbonding. However, backbonding is still significant even in cases in which metal contributions are minor. In such cases, backbonding is dominated by charge donation from the diphosphine, which allows for strong backdonation, although the metal centre retains a formal d10 electronic configuration. This ligand-induced backbonding can be formally described as a 3-centre-4-electron (3c-4e) interaction, in which the nickel centre mediates charge transfer from the phosphine σ-donors to the π*ip ligand acceptor orbital. The implications of this bonding motif are described with respect to both structure and reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Addison N Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Weiying He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shirin Behyan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Weiling Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Love
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Kennepohl
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Gao C, Macetti G, Overgaard J. Experimental X-ray Electron Density Study of Atomic Charges, Oxidation States, and Inverted Ligand Field in Cu(CF3)4–. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2133-2139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Crystallography, Aarhus University, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Giovanni Macetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via C. Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Crystallography, Aarhus University, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Cook BJ, Di Francesco GN, Ferreira RB, Lukens JT, Silberstein KE, Keegan BC, Catalano VJ, Lancaster KM, Shearer J, Murray LJ. Chalcogen Impact on Covalency within Molecular [Cu 3(μ 3-E)] 3+ Clusters (E = O, S, Se): A Synthetic, Spectroscopic, and Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11382-11392. [PMID: 30160943 PMCID: PMC6361137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the tricopper(I)-dinitrogen tris(β-diketiminate) cyclophane, Cu3(N2)L, with O-atom-transfer reagents or elemental Se affords the oxido-bridged tricopper complex Cu3(μ3-O)L (2) or the corresponding Cu3(μ3-Se)L (4), respectively. For 2 and 4, incorporation of the bridging chalcogen donor was supported by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data. Cu L2,3-edge X-ray absorption data quantify 49.5% Cu 3d character in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of 2, with Cu 3d participation decreasing to 33.0% in 4 and 40.8% in the related sulfide cluster Cu3(μ3-S)L (3). Multiedge XAS and UV/visible/near-IR spectra are employed to benchmark density functional theory calculations, which describe the copper-chalcogen interactions as highly covalent across the series of [Cu3(μ-E)]3+ clusters. This result highlights that the metal-ligand covalency is not reserved for more formally oxidized metal centers (i.e., CuIII + O2- vs CuII + O-) but rather is a significant contributor even at more typical ligand-field cases (i.e., Cu3II/II/I + E2-). This bonding is reminiscent of that observed in p-block elements rather than in early-transition-metal complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Cook
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| | - Gianna N Di Francesco
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| | - Ricardo B Ferreira
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| | - James T Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Katharine E Silberstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Brenna C Keegan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nevada, Reno , Reno , Nevada 89557 , United States
| | - Vincent J Catalano
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nevada, Reno , Reno , Nevada 89557 , United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nevada, Reno , Reno , Nevada 89557 , United States
| | - Leslie J Murray
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Rudolph J, Jacob CR. Revisiting the Dependence of Cu K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectra on Oxidation State and Coordination Environment. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10591-10607. [PMID: 30113840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Cu K-edge is an important tool for probing the properties of copper centers in transition-metal chemistry and catalysis. However, the interpretation of experimental XAS spectra requires a detailed understanding of the dependence of spectroscopic features on the local geometric and electronic structure, which can be established by theoretical X-ray spectroscopy. Here, we present a systematic computational study of the Cu K-edge XAS spectra of selected Cu complexes based on time-dependent density-functional theory in combination with a molecular orbital analysis of the relevant transitions. For a series of Cu ammine model complexes as well as a comprehensive test set of 12 Cu(I) and 5 Cu(II) complexes, we revisit the dependence of the pre-edge region in Cu K-edge XAS spectra on oxidation state and coordination geometry. While our calculations confirm earlier experimental assignments, we can also reveal additional signatures of the ligand orbitals and identify the underlying orbital interactions. The comprehensive picture revealed by this study will provide a reliable basis for the interpretation of in situ Cu K-edge XAS spectra of catalytic intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Rudolph
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , TU Braunschweig , Gaußstraße 17 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Christoph R Jacob
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , TU Braunschweig , Gaußstraße 17 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
|
70
|
Newton MA, Knorpp AJ, Pinar AB, Sushkevich VL, Palagin D, van Bokhoven JA. On the Mechanism Underlying the Direct Conversion of Methane to Methanol by Copper Hosted in Zeolites; Braiding Cu K-Edge XANES and Reactivity Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10090-10093. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Newton
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Amy J. Knorpp
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ana B. Pinar
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vitaly L. Sushkevich
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Dennis Palagin
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Turnbull MJ, Khoshmashrab S, Yiu YM, Ding Z. Resolving the effects of compositional change on structures in Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals by X-ray absorption fine structure. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Renewable energy sources, and solar energy in particular, are a high impact research topic in the push for sustainable, long-term energy alternatives to fossil fuels. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is one of the attractive, cost-effective materials that meets these needs. The quaternary nature makes the structure prone to defects and crystal alignment disorder. Some of these defects create advantageous electronic effects through antisite substitutions of Zn for Cu, [Formula: see text]. Others such as Sn for Zn replacements are detrimental. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorbance fine structure (XAFS) analysis was used to identify specific patterns in the antisite contributions to the structure of low-cost CZTS films that produced the highest photoresponse in each of our samples. Correlations were found between the Cu/(Zn + Sn) ratio and advantageous antisite formations, though at the cost of increased alignment disorder. Similarly, the Zn/Sn ratio showed relationships between both advantageous and disadvantageous antisite and vacancy pairs. Variations in the local surroundings for each metal center were confirmed through X-ray absorption near-edge structures (XANES). Extended X-ray absorption fine structures (EXAFS), verified through FEFF fitting of the EXAFS, confirmed the patterns in crystal alignment disorder, and the effects each antisite had on the overall crystal structure. The precision and unique nature of such synchrotron techniques offers opportunities to identify these trends at each metal center, providing guidance to balance negative and positive structural components during fabrication. Each minor change in stoichiometry has been shown to affect several interactions within the structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Saghar Khoshmashrab
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yun Mui Yiu
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University – Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Maurya YK, Noda K, Yamasumi K, Mori S, Uchiyama T, Kamitani K, Hirai T, Ninomiya K, Nishibori M, Hori Y, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Ishida M, Furuta H. Ground-State Copper(III) Stabilized by N-Confused/N-Linked Corroles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Redox Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6883-6892. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Katsuya Noda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamasumi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoki Uchiyama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kamitani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kakeru Ninomiya
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Maiko Nishibori
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yuta Hori
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Moonshiram D, Garrido‐Barros P, Gimbert‐Suriñach C, Picón A, Liu C, Zhang X, Karnahl M, Llobet A. Elucidating the Nature of the Excited State of a Heteroleptic Copper Photosensitizer by using Time‐Resolved X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2018; 24:6464-6472. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dooshaye Moonshiram
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470 Germany
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avinguda Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido‐Barros
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avinguda Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorganica Universitat Rovira i Virgili Campus Sescelades, C/Marcellí Domingo, s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Carolina Gimbert‐Suriñach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avinguda Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio Picón
- Grupo de Investigacion en Aplicaciones del Laser y Fotonica Universidad de Salamanca 37008 Salamanca Spain
- Departamento de Química, Modulo 13 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Cunming Liu
- X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA
| | - Michael Karnahl
- University of Stuttgart Institute of Organic Chemistry Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avinguda Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Gao Y, Li G, Deng L. Bis(dinitrogen)cobalt(−1) Complexes with NHC Ligation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Dinitrogen Functionalization Reactions Affording Side-on Bound Diazene Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2239-2250. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Guangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Effaty F, Zsombor-Pindera J, Kazakova A, Girard B, Askari MS, Ottenwaelder X. Ligand and electronic effects on copper–arylnitroso self-assembly. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00894a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The topology and degree of electron transfer in self-assembled redox reactions between copper(i) species and nitrosoarenes are controlled by ligand properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Effaty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - J. Zsombor-Pindera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - A. Kazakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - B. Girard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - M. S. Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - X. Ottenwaelder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Mustieles Marín I, Cheisson T, Singh-Chauhan R, Herrero C, Cordier M, Clavaguéra C, Nocton G, Auffrant A. Electronic Structures of Mono-Oxidized Copper and Nickel Phosphasalen Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:17940-17953. [PMID: 28980736 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-innocent ligands render the determination of the electronic structure in metal complexes difficult. As such, a combination of experimental techniques and quantum chemistry are required to correctly elucidate them. This paper deals with the one-electron oxidation of copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes featuring a phosphasalen ligand (Psalen), which differs from salen analogues by the presence of iminophosphorane groups (P=N) instead of imines. Various experimental techniques (X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, NMR, EPR, and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and magnetic measurements) as well as quantum chemical calculations were used to define the electronic structure of the oxidized complexes. These can be modified by a small change in the ligand structure, that is, the replacement of a tert-butyl group by a methoxy on the phenoxide ring. The different techniques have allowed quantifying the amount of spin density located on the metal center and on the Psalen ligands. All complexes were found to possess a multi-configurational ground state, in which the ratio of the +II versus +III oxidation state of the metal center, and therefore the phenolate versus phenoxyl radical ligand character, varies upon the substituents. The tert-butyl group favors a strong localization on the metal center whereas with the methoxy group the metallic configurations decrease and the ligand configurations increase. The importance of the geometrical considerations compared with the electronic substituent effect is highlighted by the differences observed between the solid-state (EPR, magnetic measurements) and solution characterizations (EPR and NMR data).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mustieles Marín
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Rohit Singh-Chauhan
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Christian Herrero
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, UMR 8182 CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Walroth RC, Miles KC, Lukens JT, MacMillan SN, Stahl SS, Lancaster KM. Electronic Structural Analysis of Copper(II)-TEMPO/ABNO Complexes Provides Evidence for Copper(I)-Oxoammonium Character. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13507-13517. [PMID: 28921958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper/aminoxyl species are proposed as key intermediates in aerobic alcohol oxidation. Several possible electronic structural descriptions of these species are possible, and the present study probes this issue by examining four crystallographically characterized Cu/aminoxyl halide complexes by Cu K-edge, Cu L2,3-edge, and Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The mixing coefficients between Cu, aminoxyl, and halide orbitals are determined via these techniques with support from density functional theory. The emergent electronic structure picture reveals that Cu coordination confers appreciable oxoammonium character to the aminoxyl ligand. The computational methodology is extended to one of the putative intermediates invoked in catalytic Cu/aminoxyl-driven alcohol oxidation reactions, with similar findings. Collectively, the results have important implications for the mechanism of alcohol oxidation and the underlying basis for cooperativity in this co-catalyst system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Walroth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kelsey C Miles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - James T Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Iovan DA, Wrobel AT, McClelland AA, Scharf AB, Edouard GA, Betley TA. Reactivity of a stable copper-dioxygen complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10306-10309. [PMID: 28869644 PMCID: PMC5605793 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05014c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We report the isolation of a room temperature stable dipyrromethene Cu(O2) complex featuring a side-on O2 coordination. Reactivity studies highlight the unique ability of the dioxygen adduct for both hydrogen-atom abstraction and acid/base chemistry towards phenols, demonstrating that side-on superoxide species can be reactive entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Iovan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Schaefer AW, Kieber-Emmons MT, Adam SM, Karlin KD, Solomon EI. Phenol-Induced O-O Bond Cleavage in a Low-Spin Heme-Peroxo-Copper Complex: Implications for O 2 Reduction in Heme-Copper Oxidases. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7958-7973. [PMID: 28521498 PMCID: PMC5605297 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the reaction of a biomimetic heme-peroxo-copper complex, {[(DCHIm)(F8)FeIII]-(O22-)-[CuII(AN)]}+ (1), with a phenolic substrate, involving a net H-atom abstraction to cleave the bridging peroxo O-O bond that produces FeIV═O, CuII-OH, and phenoxyl radical moieties, analogous to the chemistry carried out in heme-copper oxidases (HCOs). A 3D potential energy surface generated for this reaction reveals two possible reaction pathways: one involves nearly complete proton transfer (PT) from the phenol to the peroxo ligand before the barrier; the other involves O-O homolysis, where the phenol remains H-bonding to the peroxo OCu in the transition state (TS) and transfers the H+ after the barrier. In both mechanisms, electron transfer (ET) from phenol occurs after the PT (and after the barrier); therefore, only the interaction with the H+ is involved in lowering the O-O cleavage barrier. The relative barriers depend on covalency (which governs ET from Fe), and therefore vary with DFT functional. However, as these mechanisms differ by the amount of PT at the TS, kinetic isotope experiments were conducted to determine which mechanism is active. It is found that the phenolic proton exhibits a secondary kinetic isotope effect, consistent with the calculations for the H-bonded O-O homolysis mechanism. The consequences of these findings are discussed in relation to O-O cleavage in HCOs, supporting a model in which a peroxo intermediate serves as the active H+ acceptor, and both the H+ and e- required for O-O cleavage derive from the cross-linked Tyr residue present at the active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew T Kieber-Emmons
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Suzanne M Adam
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Hicken A, White AJP, Crimmin MR. Reversible Coordination of Boron–, Aluminum–, Zinc–, Magnesium–, and Calcium–Hydrogen Bonds to Bent {CuL2} Fragments: Heavy σ Complexes of the Lightest Coinage Metal. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8669-8682. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hicken
- SSCP
DTP, Grantham Institute, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- SSCP
DTP, Grantham Institute, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- SSCP
DTP, Grantham Institute, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
K- and L-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) Determination of Differential Orbital Covalency (DOC) of Transition Metal Sites. Coord Chem Rev 2017; 345:182-208. [PMID: 28970624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Continual advancements in the development of synchrotron radiation sources have resulted in X-ray based spectroscopic techniques capable of probing the electronic and structural properties of numerous systems. This review gives an overview of the application of metal K-edge and L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), as well as K resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), to the study of electronic structure in transition metal sites with emphasis on experimentally quantifying 3d orbital covalency. The specific sensitivities of K-edge XAS, L-edge XAS, and RIXS are discussed emphasizing the complementary nature of the methods. L-edge XAS and RIXS are sensitive to mixing between 3d orbitals and ligand valence orbitals, and to the differential orbital covalency (DOC), that is, the difference in the covalencies for different symmetry sets of the d orbitals. Both L-edge XAS and RIXS are highly sensitive to and enable separation of and donor bonding and back bonding contributions to bonding. Applying ligand field multiplet simulations, including charge transfer via valence bond configuration interactions, DOC can be obtained for direct comparison with density functional theory calculations and to understand chemical trends. The application of RIXS as a probe of frontier molecular orbitals in a heme enzyme demonstrates the potential of this method for the study of metal sites in highly covalent coordination sites in bioinorganic chemistry.
Collapse
|
82
|
MacMillan SN, Lancaster KM. X-ray Spectroscopic Interrogation of Transition-Metal-Mediated Homogeneous Catalysis: Primer and Case Studies. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Phanopoulos A, Leung AHM, Yow S, Palomas D, White AJP, Hellgardt K, Horton A, Crimmin MR. Binuclear β-diketiminate complexes of copper(i). Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2081-2090. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a series of dinucleating bis(β-diketiminate) pro-ligands with mesitylcopper in the presence and absence of mono and diphosphines has allowed the isolation of a new series of dicopper(i) complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuhui Yow
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - David Palomas
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | | | - Klaus Hellgardt
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Andrew Horton
- PTI/DX Emerging Technologies
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V
- 1030 BN Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Turnbull MJ, Vaccarello D, Yiu YM, Sham TK, Ding Z. Identifying barriers to charge-carriers in the bulk and surface regions of Cu 2ZnSnS 4 nanocrystal films by x-ray absorption fine structures (XAFSs). J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204702. [PMID: 27908128 DOI: 10.1063/1.4967863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar cell performance is most affected by the quality of the light absorber layer. For thin-film devices, this becomes a two-fold problem of maintaining a low-cost design with well-ordered nanocrystal (NC) structure. The use of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) NCs as the light absorber films forms an ideal low-cost design, but the quaternary structure makes it difficult to maintain a well-ordered layer without the use of high-temperature treatments. There is little understanding of how CZTS NC structures affect the photoconversion efficiency, the charge-carriers, and therefore the performance of the device manufactured from it. To examine these relationships, the measured photoresponse from the photo-generation of charge-carrier electron-hole pairs was compared against the crystal structure, as short-range and long-range crystal orders for the films. The photoresponse simplifies the electronic properties into three basic steps that can be associated with changes in energy levels within the band structure. These changes result in the formation of barriers to charge-carrier flow. The extent of these barriers was determined using synchrotron-based X-ray absorbance fine structure to probe the individual metal centers in the film, and comparing these to molecular simulations of the ideal extended x-ray absorbance fine structure scattering. This allowed for the quantification of bond lengths, and thus an interpretation of the distortions in the crystal lattice. The various characteristics of the photoresponse were then correlated to the crystallographic order and used to gain physical insight into barriers to charge-carriers in the bulk and surface regions of CZTS films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University-Western, University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Daniel Vaccarello
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University-Western, University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yun Mui Yiu
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University-Western, University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University-Western, University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow University-Western, University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Vollmers NJ, Müller P, Hoffmann A, Herres-Pawlis S, Rohrmüller M, Schmidt WG, Gerstmann U, Bauer M. Experimental and Theoretical High-Energy-Resolution X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy: Implications for the Investigation of the Entatic State. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11694-11706. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Moonshiram D, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Guda A, Picon A, Lehmann CS, Zhang X, Doumy G, March AM, Benet-Buchholz J, Soldatov A, Llobet A, Southworth SH. Tracking the Structural and Electronic Configurations of a Cobalt Proton Reduction Catalyst in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10586-96. [PMID: 27452370 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy (X-TAS) has been used to study the light-induced hydrogen evolution reaction catalyzed by a tetradentate macrocyclic cobalt complex with the formula [LCo(III)Cl2](+) (L = macrocyclic ligand), [Ru(bpy)3](2+) photosensitizer, and an equimolar mixture of sodium ascorbate/ascorbic acid electron donor in pure water. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis of a binary mixture of the octahedral Co(III) precatalyst and [Ru(bpy)3](2+) after illumination revealed in situ formation of a Co(II) intermediate with significantly distorted geometry and electron-transfer kinetics of 51 ns. On the other hand, X-TAS experiments of the complete photocatalytic system in the presence of the electron donor showed the formation of a square planar Co(I) intermediate species within a few nanoseconds, followed by its decay in the microsecond time scale. The Co(I) structural assignment is supported by calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). At longer reaction times, we observe the formation of the initial Co(III) species concomitant to the decay of Co(I), thus closing the catalytic cycle. The experimental X-ray absorption spectra of the molecular species formed along the catalytic cycle are modeled using a combination of molecular orbital DFT calculations (DFT-MO) and finite difference method (FDM). These findings allowed us to assign the full mechanistic pathway, followed by the catalyst as well as to determine the rate-limiting step of the process, which consists in the protonation of the Co(I) species. This study provides a complete kinetics scheme for the hydrogen evolution reaction by a cobalt catalyst, revealing unique information for the development of better catalysts for the reductive side of hydrogen fuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alexander Guda
- International Research Center "Smart Materials", Southern Federal University , 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alexander Soldatov
- International Research Center "Smart Materials", Southern Federal University , 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Kundu S, Stieber SCE, Ferrier MG, Kozimor SA, Bertke JA, Warren TH. Redox Non‐Innocence of Nitrosobenzene at Nickel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - S. Chantal E. Stieber
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State Polytechnic University Pomona CA 91768 USA
| | - Maryline G. Ferrier
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Jeffery A. Bertke
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Kundu S, Stieber SCE, Ferrier MG, Kozimor SA, Bertke JA, Warren TH. Redox Non‐Innocence of Nitrosobenzene at Nickel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10321-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - S. Chantal E. Stieber
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State Polytechnic University Pomona CA 91768 USA
| | - Maryline G. Ferrier
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Jeffery A. Bertke
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Schrapers P, Mebs S, Goetzl S, Hennig SE, Dau H, Dobbek H, Haumann M. Axial Ligation and Redox Changes at the Cobalt Ion in Cobalamin Bound to Corrinoid Iron-Sulfur Protein (CoFeSP) or in Solution Characterized by XAS and DFT. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158681. [PMID: 27384529 PMCID: PMC4934906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A cobalamin (Cbl) cofactor in corrinoid iron-sulfur protein (CoFeSP) is the primary methyl group donor and acceptor in biological carbon oxide conversion along the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway. Changes of the axial coordination of the cobalt ion within the corrin macrocycle upon redox transitions in aqua-, methyl-, and cyano-Cbl bound to CoFeSP or in solution were studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Co K-edge in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, supported by metal content and cobalt redox level quantification with further spectroscopic methods. Calculation of the highly variable pre-edge X-ray absorption features due to core-to-valence (ctv) electronic transitions, XANES shape analysis, and cobalt-ligand bond lengths determination from EXAFS has yielded models for the molecular and electronic structures of the cobalt sites. This suggested the absence of a ligand at cobalt in CoFeSP in α-position where the dimethylbenzimidazole (dmb) base of the cofactor is bound in Cbl in solution. As main species, (dmb)CoIII(OH2), (dmb)CoII(OH2), and (dmb)CoIII(CH3) sites for solution Cbl and CoIII(OH2), CoII(OH2), and CoIII(CH3) sites in CoFeSP-Cbl were identified. Our data support binding of a serine residue from the reductive-activator protein (RACo) of CoFeSP to the cobalt ion in the CoFeSP-RACo protein complex that stabilizes Co(II). The absence of an α-ligand at cobalt not only tunes the redox potential of the cobalamin cofactor into the physiological range, but is also important for CoFeSP reactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peer Schrapers
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Physics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Physics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Goetzl
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra E. Hennig
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Physics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dobbek
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Physics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Jannuzzi SAV, de Arruda EGR, Lima FA, Ribeiro MA, Brinatti C, Formiga ALB. Enzyme-Like Selectivity on Metalloporphyrin-Catalyzed Oxidation by a Linear Homopolymer. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. V. Jannuzzi
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas - UNICAMP; P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
- Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Eduardo G. R. de Arruda
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas - UNICAMP; P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Frederico A. Lima
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais; Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron; Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro 10000, 1 3083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Marcos A. Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas - UNICAMP; P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - César Brinatti
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas - UNICAMP; P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - André L. B. Formiga
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas - UNICAMP; P.O. Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Kowalska JK, Hahn AW, Albers A, Schiewer CE, Bjornsson R, Lima FA, Meyer F, DeBeer S. X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopic Studies of [L2Fe2S2](n) Model Complexes: Implications for the Experimental Evaluation of Redox States in Iron-Sulfur Clusters. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:4485-97. [PMID: 27097289 PMCID: PMC5108557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a systematic study of [L2Fe2S2](n) model complexes (where L = bis(benzimidazolato) and n = 2-, 3-, 4-) has been carried out using iron and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) and iron Kβ and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopies (XES). These data are used as a test set to evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of X-ray core level spectroscopies in assessing redox changes in iron-sulfur clusters. The results are correlated to density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the spectra in order to further support the quantitative information that can be extracted from the experimental data. It is demonstrated that due to canceling effects of covalency and spin state, the information that can be extracted from Fe Kβ XES mainlines is limited. However, a careful analysis of the Fe K-edge XAS data shows that localized valence vs delocalized valence species may be differentiated on the basis of the pre-edge and K-edge energies. These findings are then applied to existing literature Fe K-edge XAS data on the iron protein, P-cluster, and FeMoco sites of nitrogenase. The ability to assess the extent of delocalization in the iron protein vs the P-cluster is highlighted. In addition, possible charge states for FeMoco on the basis of Fe K-edge XAS data are discussed. This study provides an important reference for future X-ray spectroscopic studies of iron-sulfur clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Kowalska
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraße 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Anselm W Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraße 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Antonia Albers
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine E Schiewer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ragnar Bjornsson
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraße 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frederico A Lima
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraße 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraße 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Deb M, Kumar D, Singh J, Elias AJ. Unprecedented Formation of π-Copper Complexes during Sonogashira Coupling: Synthesis of a Unique, Recyclable, Ethynyl Ferrocene Derived Cu(I) Specific Ligand. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayukh Deb
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anil J. Elias
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Martin-Diaconescu V, Chacón KN, Delgado-Jaime MU, Sokaras D, Weng TC, DeBeer S, Blackburn NJ. Kβ Valence to Core X-ray Emission Studies of Cu(I) Binding Proteins with Mixed Methionine - Histidine Coordination. Relevance to the Reactivity of the M- and H-sites of Peptidylglycine Monooxygenase. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3431-9. [PMID: 26965786 PMCID: PMC4878823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biological systems use copper as a redox center in many metalloproteins, where the role of the metal is to cycle between its +1 and +2 oxidation states. This chemistry requires the redox potential to be in a range that can stabilize both Cu(I) and Cu(II) states and often involves protein-derived ligand sets involving mixed histidine-methionine coordination that balance the preferences of both oxidation states. Transport proteins, on the other hand, utilize copper in the Cu(I) state and often contain sites comprised predominately of the cuprophilic residue methionine. The electronic factors that allow enzymes and transporters to balance their redox requirements are complex and are often elusive due to the dearth of spectroscopic probes of the Cu(I) state. Here we present the novel application of X-ray emission spectroscopy to copper proteins via a study of a series of mixed His-Met copper sites where the ligand set varies in a systematic way between the His3 and Met3 limits. The sites are derived from the wild-type peptidylglycine monooxygenase (PHM), two single-site variants which replicate each of its two copper sites (CuM-site and CuH-site), and the transporters CusF and CusB. Clear differences are observed in the Kβ2,5 region at the Met3 and His3 limits. CusB (Met3) has a distinct peak at 8978.4 eV with a broad shoulder at 8975.6 eV, whereas CuH (His3) has two well-resolved features: a more intense feature at 8974.8 eV and a second at 8977.2 eV. The mixed coordination sphere CusF (Met2His) and the PHM CuM variant (Met1His2) have very similar spectra consisting of two features at 8975.2 and 8977.8 eV. An analysis of DFT calculated spectra indicate that the intensity of the higher energy peak near 8978 eV is mediated by mixing of ligand-based orbitals into the Cu d(10) manifold, with S from Met providing more intensity by facilitating increased Cu p-d mixing. Furthermore, reaction of WT PHM with CO (an oxygen analogue) produced the M site CO complex, which showed a unique XES spectrum that could be computationally reproduced by including interactions between Cu(I) and the CO ligand. The study suggests that the valence-to-core (VtC) region can not only serve as a probe of ligand speciation but also offer insight into the coordination geometry, in a fashion similar to XAS pre-edges, and may be sufficiently sensitive to the coordination of exogenous ligands to be useful in the study of reaction mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Martin-Diaconescu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34 – 36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kelly N. Chacón
- Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Mario Ulises Delgado-Jaime
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34 – 36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 97025
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 97025
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34 – 36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Cornell University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States
| | - Ninian J. Blackburn
- Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Walroth RC, Uebler JWH, Lancaster KM. Probing Cu(I) in homogeneous catalysis using high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:9864-7. [PMID: 25994112 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01827g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metal-to-ligand charge transfer excitations in Cu(I) X-ray absorption spectra are introduced as spectroscopic handles for the characterization of species in homogeneous catalytic reaction mixtures. Analysis is supported by correlation of a spectral library to calculations and to complementary spectroscopic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Walroth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Walroth RC, Lukens JT, MacMillan SN, Finkelstein KD, Lancaster KM. Spectroscopic Evidence for a 3d10 Ground State Electronic Configuration and Ligand Field Inversion in [Cu(CF3)4]1–. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1922-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Walroth
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - James T. Lukens
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Finkelstein
- Cornell
High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Corcos AR, Villanueva O, Walroth RC, Sharma SK, Bacsa J, Lancaster KM, MacBeth CE, Berry JF. Oxygen Activation by Co(II) and a Redox Non-Innocent Ligand: Spectroscopic Characterization of a Radical–Co(II)–Superoxide Complex with Divergent Catalytic Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1796-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Corcos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Omar Villanueva
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Richard C. Walroth
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Savita K. Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John Bacsa
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Cora E. MacBeth
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John F. Berry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Mebs S, Braun B, Kositzki R, Limberg C, Haumann M. Abrupt versus Gradual Spin-Crossover in Fe(II)(phen)2(NCS)2 and Fe(III)(dedtc)3 Compared by X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy and Quantum-Chemical Calculations. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11606-24. [PMID: 26624918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular spin-crossover (SCO) compounds are attractive for information storage and photovoltaic technologies. We compared two prototypic SCO compounds with Fe(II)N6 (1, [Fe(phen)2(NCS)2], with phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) or Fe(III)S6 (2, [Fe(dedtc)3], with dedtc = N,N'-diethyldithiocarbamate) centers, which show abrupt (1) or gradual (2) thermally induced SCO, using K-edge X-ray absorption and Kβ emission spectroscopy (XAS/XES) in a 8-315 K temperature range, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), and density functional theory (DFT). Core-to-valence and valence-to-core electronic transitions in the XAS/XES spectra and bond lengths change from XRD provided benchmark data, verifying the adequacy of the TPSSh/TZVP DFT approach for the description of low-spin (LS) and high-spin (HS) species. Determination of the spin densities, charge distributions, bonding descriptors, and valence-level configurations, as well as similar experimental and calculated enthalpy changes (ΔH), suggested that the varying metal-ligand bonding properties and deviating electronic structures converge to similar enthalpic contributions to the free-energy change (ΔG) and thus presumably are not decisive for the differing SCO behavior of 1 and 2. Rather, SCO seems to be governed by vibrational contributions to the entropy changes (ΔS) in both complexes. Intra- and intermolecular interactions in crystals of 1 and 2 were identified by atoms-in-molecules analysis. Thermal excitation of individual dedtc ligand vibrations accompanies the gradual SCO in 2. In contrast, extensive inter- and intramolecular phen/NCS vibrational mode coupling may be an important factor in the cooperative SCO behavior of 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Braun
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ramona Kositzki
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Krewald V, Neese F, Pantazis DA. Resolving the Manganese Oxidation States in the Oxygen-evolving Catalyst of Natural Photosynthesis. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201500051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
99
|
Askari MS, Orio M, Ottenwaelder X. Controlled nitrene transfer from a tyrosinase-like arylnitroso-copper complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11206-9. [PMID: 26077731 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between p-nitrosonitrobenzene and the tetramethylpropylenediamine-copper(i) complex yields a dinuclear complex that is structurally and electronically similar to side-on peroxo species known in Cu/O2 chemistry. The complex reacts with di-tert-butylphenolate via nitrene transfer, as observed through an intermediate and the aminophenol product obtained upon reductive work-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|