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Pérez-Botella E, Valencia S, Rey F. Zeolites in Adsorption Processes: State of the Art and Future Prospects. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17647-17695. [PMID: 36260918 PMCID: PMC9801387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites have been widely used as catalysts, ion exchangers, and adsorbents since their industrial breakthrough in the 1950s and continue to be state-of the-art adsorbents in many separation processes. Furthermore, their properties make them materials of choice for developing and emerging separation applications. The aim of this review is to put into context the relevance of zeolites and their use and prospects in adsorption technology. It has been divided into three different sections, i.e., zeolites, adsorption on nanoporous materials, and chemical separations by zeolites. In the first section, zeolites are explained in terms of their structure, composition, preparation, and properties, and a brief review of their applications is given. In the second section, the fundamentals of adsorption science are presented, with special attention to its industrial application and our case of interest, which is adsorption on zeolites. Finally, the state-of-the-art relevant separations related to chemical and energy production, in which zeolites have a practical or potential applicability, are presented. The replacement of some of the current separation methods by optimized adsorption processes using zeolites could mean an improvement in terms of sustainability and energy savings. Different separation mechanisms and the underlying adsorption properties that make zeolites interesting for these applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Rey
- . Phone: +34 96 387 78 00.
Fax: +34 96 387 94
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52
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Active Zn Species Nest in Dealumination Zeolite Composite for Propane Dehydrogenation. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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53
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Haufe L, Timoshev V, Seifert M, Busse O, Weigand JJ. Crucial Role of Silica-Alumina Binder Mixtures for Hydrocarbon Cracking with ZSM-5 Additives. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44892-44902. [PMID: 36530309 PMCID: PMC9753518 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alumina-containing binders are widely used for the binding of catalyst particles by spray drying and calcination. As a part of the active matrix, they contribute to the catalytic performance of the resulting catalyst grain during hydrocarbon cracking. In this study, correlations are investigated using different compositions of Al- and Si-based binders (AlCl3 and colloidal silica) together with kaolin as a filler and ZSM-5 zeolite as an active compound. It was demonstrated that the conversion of a 50:50 hexane mixture, the selectivity toward unsaturated hydrocarbons, and the shape-selective conversion of the hexane feed are highly dependent on the amount and distribution of alumina in binder formulations. While silica species are distributed near the outer shell of catalyst grains, the alumina species are distributed evenly as an adhesive between the catalyst compounds ZSM-5 and kaolin. An optimum amount of alumina in binder formulations results in an increasing conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock due to optimum in active-site accessibility but only a slight decrease in shape-selective properties compared to pure ZSM-5, resulting in an optimum yield of light olefins, especially propylene.
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54
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Padilla J, Guzman A, Poveda-Jaramillo JC. Synthesis and catalytic behavior of FCC catalysts obtained from kaolin by the in-situ method. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-022-00280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn-situ zeolites NaY and Na[B]Y were synthesized on microspherical matrices of kaolin to obtain FCC catalysts. An alkaline pretreatment of the matrix was investigated in order to evaluate its effect on matrix properties and crystallization of the in-situ synthetized zeolites. Catalysts were characterized by SEM, TEM, Ar adsorption, XRD and NH3-TPD. It was observed an increase in the surface area and mesoporosity of the alkaline treated catalysts either synthetized with the presence of boron or with no boron in the hydrothermal reaction mixture. Ammonia TPD analyses have shown an increase in the amount and strength of the acidity of the catalysis with the zeolites crystallized on the pretreated matrices and exchanged with lanthanum ions. Thus, a combination between higher concentration of stronger acid sites and higher proportion of mesoporous generated in the matrices treated with alkaline solution had resulted in more active catalyst as shown by the triisopropylbenzene cracking experiments conducted here.
Graphical abstract
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55
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Dai L, Zhou N, Lv Y, Cobb K, Chen P, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zou R, Lei H, Mohamed BA, Ruan R, Cheng Y. Catalytic reforming of polyethylene pyrolysis vapors to naphtha range hydrocarbons with low aromatic content over a high silica ZSM-5 zeolite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157658. [PMID: 35908703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microwave-assisted pyrolysis coupled with ex-situ catalytic reforming of polyethylene for naphtha range hydrocarbons, with low aromatic content, was investigated. Experimental results revealed that ZSM-5 zeolites with low SiO2/Al2O3 ratios led to high aromatic selectivity, while an extremely high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio significantly reduced the aromatic selectivity. The high selectivity of C5-C12 hydrocarbons (98.9 %) with low selectivity of C5-C12 aromatics (28.5 %) was obtained over a high silica ZSM-5 zeolite at a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C, catalytic cracking temperature of 460 °C, and a weight hourly space velocity of 7 h-1. The liquid oil produced was mainly composed of C5-C12 olefins that can be easily converted into paraffin-rich naphtha by hydrogenation or hydrogen transfer reactions as the feedstock for new plastic manufacturing. 8 cycles of regeneration-reaction cycles were carried out successfully with little change on the product distribution, showing the great potential for continuous production of low-aromatic liquid oil. Catalyst characterization showed that the catalyst deactivation was primarily caused by coke deposition (approximately 16.0 wt%) on the surface of the catalysts, and oxidative regeneration was able to recover most of the pore structure and acidity of the zeolite by effectively removing coke. This study provides a better understanding for the plastic-to-naphtha process and even for scale-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Dai
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Yuancai Lv
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kirk Cobb
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Yunpu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Rongge Zou
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Badr A Mohamed
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Yanling Cheng
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Biochemical Engineering College, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Fatouxili 3 Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100023, China.
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56
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Upgrading Mixed Agricultural Plastic and Lignocellulosic Waste to Liquid Fuels by Catalytic Pyrolysis. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture generates non-recyclable mixed waste streams, such as plastic (netting, twine, and film) and lignocellulosic residues (bluegrass straw/chaff), which are currently disposed of by burning or landfilling. Thermochemical conversion technologies of agricultural mixed waste (AMW) are an option to upcycle this waste into transportation fuel. In this work, AMW was homogenized by compounding in a twin-screw extruder and the material was characterized by chemical and thermal analyses. The homogenized AMW was thermally and catalytically pyrolyzed (500–600 °C) in a tube batch reactor, and the products, including gas, liquid, and char, were characterized using a combination of FTIR, GC-MS, and ESI-MS. Thermal pyrolysis wax products were mainly a mixture of straight-chain hydrocarbons C7 to C44 and oxygenated compounds. Catalytic pyrolysis using zeolite Y afforded liquid products comprised of short-chain hydrocarbons and aromatics C6 to C23. The results showed a high degree of similarity between the chemical profiles of catalytic pyrolysis products and gasoline.
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57
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Mathematical Modeling and Robust Multi-Objective Optimization of the Two-Dimensional Benzene Alkylation Reactor with Dry Gas. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The benzene alkylation reactor using the dry gas is the most significant equipment in the ethylbenzene manufacturing process. In this paper, a two-dimensional homogeneous model is developed for steady state simulation of the industrial multi-stage catalytic reactor for ethylbenzene. The model validation on a practical benzene alkylation reactor shows the model is accurate and can calculate the hot spot temperatures. The composition of dry gas from upstream process varies with the operating conditions, which can cause unexpected hot spots in the reactor and catalyst deactivation. Considering the uncertainty in dry gas composition, a robust multi-objective optimization framework is proposed: first, the back-off in constraints is introduced to the multi-objective optimization problem to hedge against the worst case; then the optimal operating point can be selected using the multi-criteria decision-making. The reactor optimization objectives are maximizing selectivity of ethylene and conversion of ethylbenzene, and the distribution ratios of dry gas are defined as decision variables. Results of robust multi-objective optimization show the selectivity and conversion at the optimal operating point are 90.88% (decreased by 0.24% compared to the practical condition) and 99.94% (increased by 0.72%). Importantly, the proportion of violations of the hot spot constraints decreases from 13.7% of the traditional method to 3.8% by applying the proposed robust multi-objective optimization method.
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Bauwens J, Rocha LS, Soares HMVM. Recovery of palladium from a low grade palladium solution by anionic-ion exchange: kinetics, equilibrium, and metal competition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76907-76918. [PMID: 35670941 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20826-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum spent catalysts may contain a significant amount of palladium (Pd) together with other major [aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and molybdenum (Mo)] and minor [iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and vanadium (V)] elements. Due to the high intrinsic value of Pd and its scarcity in natural ores, its recovery is highly desired. For this purpose, the ability of a strong basic anionic- resin, Purogold™ A194 resin, to remove Pd from the solution was assessed. Data from kinetic and equilibrium studies, performed under batch mode in 1 mol/L of NaCl and 1 mol/L of HNO3 at (21 ± 1) °C, revealed that the removal of Pd fits well a pseudo-second-order kinetic model [constant rate value, k2, of (0.062 ± 0.010) g/(mmol.min)] and a Langmuir isotherm [maximum sorption capacity of (0.80 ± 0.02) mmol/g with an affinity of resin binding sites towards Pd, KL, of (0.18 ± 0.02) L/mmol], respectively. The sorption of other metals (Al, Fe, Pb, Mo, Ni, and V) that may be present in spent catalyst leachates was tested under similar experimental conditions [CM = 2.5 mmol/L, 1 mol/L of NaCl and 1 mol/L of HNO3 at (21 ± 1) °C)] and the resin showed little affinity towards each one of these metals. Also, simultaneous multi-element batch experiments with Pd and the major components (M = Al, Ni, and Mo ions) ([M]/[Pd] molar ratios between 3.4 and 52 were used) pointed out that the resin is highly selective towards Pd suggesting that the resin can be used in the selective recovery of Pd from petroleum spent catalyst leachates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Bauwens
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Msc in Chemical Engineering Technology, Ghent Technology Campus, Gebroeders de Smetstraat 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana S Rocha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena M V M Soares
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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59
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Wang L, Peng B, Zheng A, Song Y, Jiang Q, Wang P, Song H, Lin W, He M. Mechanistic origin of transition metal modification on ZSM-5 zeolite for the ethylene yield enhancement from the primary products of n-octane cracking. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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60
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Pisarenko EV, Ponomarev AB, Smirnov AV, Pisarenko VN, Shevchenko AA. Prospects for Progress in Developing Production Processes for the Synthesis of Olefins Based on Light Alkanes. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579522050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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61
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Unifying views on catalyst deactivation. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00842-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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62
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Signorile M, Borfecchia E, Bordiga S, Berlier G. Influence of ion mobility on the redox and catalytic properties of Cu ions in zeolites. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10238-10250. [PMID: 36277636 PMCID: PMC9473501 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03565k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This contribution aims at analysing the current understanding about the influence of Al distribution, zeolite topology, ligands/reagents and oxidation state on ions mobility in Cu-zeolites, and its relevance toward reactivity of the metal sites. The concept of Cu mobilization has been originally observed in the presence of ammonia, favouring the activation of oxygen by formation of NH3 oxo-bridged complexes in zeolites and opening a new perspective about the chemistry in single-site zeolite-based catalysts, in particular in the context of the NH3-mediated Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x (NH3-SCR) processes. A different mobility of bare Cu+/Cu2+ ions has been documented too, showing for Cu+ a better mobilization than for Cu2+ also in absence of ligands. These concepts can have important consequences for the formation of Cu-oxo species, active and selective in other relevant reactions, such as the direct conversion of methane to methanol. Here, assessing the structure, the formation pathways and reactivity of Cu-oxo mono- or multimeric moieties still represents a challenging playground for chemical scientists. Translating the knowledge about Cu ions mobility and redox properties acquired in the context of NH3-SCR reaction into the field of direct conversion of methane to methanol can have important implications for a better understanding of transition metal ions redox properties in zeolites and for an improved design of catalysts and catalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Signorile
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
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63
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Asaftei IV, Lungu NC, Bîrsa LM, Ignat M. Validation of Zn–Cu/ZSM-5 catalyst performance, at pilot scale, in the catalytic conversion of butane ( nC 4 +i-C 4 ) technical fraction. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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64
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Abstract
Zeolites with ordered microporous systems, distinct framework topologies, good spatial nanoconfinement effects, and superior (hydro)thermal stability are an ideal scaffold for planting diverse active metal species, including single sites, clusters, and nanoparticles in the framework and framework-associated sites and extra-framework positions, thus affording the metal-in-zeolite catalysts outstanding activity, unique shape selectivity, and enhanced stability and recyclability in the processes of Brønsted acid-, Lewis acid-, and extra-framework metal-catalyzed reactions. Especially, thanks to the advances in zeolite synthesis and characterization techniques in recent years, zeolite-confined extra-framework metal catalysts (denoted as metal@zeolite composites) have experienced rapid development in heterogeneous catalysis, owing to the combination of the merits of both active metal sites and zeolite intrinsic properties. In this review, we will present the recent developments of synthesis strategies for incorporating and tailoring of active metal sites in zeolites and advanced characterization techniques for identification of the location, distribution, and coordination environment of metal species in zeolites. Furthermore, the catalytic applications of metal-in-zeolite catalysts are demonstrated, with an emphasis on the metal@zeolite composites in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions. Finally, we point out the current challenges and future perspectives on precise synthesis, atomic level identification, and practical application of the metal-in-zeolite catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shiqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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65
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Das S, Pashminehazar R, Sharma S, Weber S, Sheppard TL. New Dimensions in Catalysis Research with Hard X‐Ray Tomography. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srashtasrita Das
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Reihaneh Pashminehazar
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Thomas L. Sheppard
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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66
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Quantitative principle of shape‐selective catalysis for a rational screening of zeolites for methanol‐to‐hydrocarbons. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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67
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Li S, Jiang Q, Qi Y, Zhao D, Tang Y, Liu Q, Chen Z, Zhu Y, Dai B, Song H, Zhang L. Influence of coke heterogeneity and the interaction between different coke species on the emission of toxic HCN and NO x from FCC spent catalyst regeneration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129187. [PMID: 35739717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Concerning the emissions of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and other N-bearing air pollutants from the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) regeneration units, this paper has conducted a comprehensive testing and surface characterisation of four industrial spent catalysts, aged catalysts and hard coke sample in three different schemes, Ar-TPD, O2 -TPO and rapid heating to elaborate the transformation of N upon the influence of the heterogeneity of coke and N speciation. In the Ar-TPD scheme, the surface N is responsive for the emission of gaseous NH3 from pyrrolic N-5 and HCN from both pyridinic N-6 and quaternary N-Q. The removal of soft coke is beneficial in promoting the surface exposure of hard coke, thereby increasing the HCN emission dramatically. In the O2-TPO scheme, the oxygen accessibility is the principal factor governing the emission of HCN. The external soft coke is able to access the bulk O2 firstly, the combustion of which in turn provides heat back to promote the cracking of internal hard coke from the same and neighbouring particles to release more HCN. The induction effect of bulk O2 is also superior over the spent catalyst properties in formulating a nearly identical trend of HCN emission for all the four spent catalysts tested. Finally, for the use of rapid heating scheme that is typical in a commercial FCC regenerator, it is effective in accelerating the volatilisation of soft coke quickly, thereby promoting the oxygen accessibility to hard coke and the internal N-bearing precursors so as to mitigate the emission of HCN effectively. The use of a large superficial velocity of gas is further effective in sweeping the volatiles including HCN away from the catalyst, promoting their oxidation extent accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyong Li
- Key Laboratory for Resource Exploration Research of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China; Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Qiuqiao Jiang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dongyue Zhao
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuneng Tang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxia Zhu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baiqian Dai
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Haitao Song
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Abstract
Originating from the desire to improve sustainability, producing fuels and chemicals from the conversion of biomass and waste plastic has become an important research topic in the twenty-first century. Although biomass is natural and plastic synthetic, the chemical nature of the two are not as distinct as they first appear. They share substantial structural similarities in terms of their polymeric nature and the types of bonds linking their monomeric units, resulting in close relationships between the two materials and their conversions. Previously, their transformations were mostly studied and reviewed separately in the literature. Here, we summarize the catalytic conversion of biomass and waste plastics, with a focus on bond activation chemistry and catalyst design. By tracking the historical and more recent developments, it becomes clear that biomass and plastic have not only evolved their unique conversion pathways but have also started to cross paths with each other, with each influencing the landscape of the other. As a result, this Review on the catalytic conversion of biomass and waste plastic in a unified angle offers improved insights into existing technologies, and more importantly, may enable new opportunities for future advances. ![]()
Biomass and plastic share structural similarities in their composition and types of bond linkage between their monomeric units. Reviewing their catalytic conversion technologies in a unified angle provides new insights and opportunities for future advances.
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69
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Gong X, Çağlayan M, Ye Y, Liu K, Gascon J, Dutta Chowdhury A. First-Generation Organic Reaction Intermediates in Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14275-14345. [PMID: 35947790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite chemistry and catalysis are expected to play a decisive role in the next decade(s) to build a more decentralized renewable feedstock-dependent sustainable society owing to the increased scrutiny over carbon emissions. Therefore, the lack of fundamental and mechanistic understanding of these processes is a critical "technical bottleneck" that must be eliminated to maximize economic value and minimize waste. We have identified, considering this objective, that the chemistry related to the first-generation reaction intermediates (i.e., carbocations, radicals, carbenes, ketenes, and carbanions) in zeolite chemistry and catalysis is highly underdeveloped or undervalued compared to other catalysis streams (e.g., homogeneous catalysis). This limitation can often be attributed to the technological restrictions to detect such "short-lived and highly reactive" intermediates at the interface (gas-solid/solid-liquid); however, the recent rise of sophisticated spectroscopic/analytical techniques (including under in situ/operando conditions) and modern data analysis methods collectively compete to unravel the impact of these organic intermediates. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art first-generation organic reaction intermediates in zeolite chemistry and catalysis and evaluates their existing challenges and future prospects, to contribute significantly to the "circular carbon economy" initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Mustafa Çağlayan
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiru Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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70
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Spenke F, Hartke B. Graph-based Automated Macro-Molecule Assembly. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:3714-3723. [PMID: 35938711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a general molecular framework assembly algorithm that takes a largely arbitrary molecular fragment database and a user-supplied target template graph as input. Automatic assembly of molecular fragments from the database, following a prescribed, user-supplied set of connection rules, then turns the template graph into an actual, chemically reasonable molecular framework. Assembly capabilities of our algorithm are tested by producing several abstract, closed-loop shapes. To indicate a few of many possible application areas we demonstrate a host-guest complex and a road toward catalysis. Postassembly substituent exchange can be used to produce electric fields of desired values at desired points inside the framework or at its surface as a stepping stone toward rationally designed, artificial heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Spenke
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Bernd Hartke
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
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71
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He J, Lin L, Luo W. The Revitalization of ‘the Closer the Better’ in Zeolite‐Tailored Bifunctional Catalysts for Biomass Valorisation. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang He
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis CHINA
| | - Lu Lin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis CHINA
| | - Wenhao Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis 457 Zhongshan Road116023 116023 Dalian CHINA
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72
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Synthesis of mesoporous high-silica zeolite Y and their catalytic cracking performance. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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73
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Reduced deactivation of mechanochemically delaminated hierarchical zeolite MCM-22 catalysts during 4-propylphenol cracking. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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74
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Wang Y, Li S, Liu Y, Zheng J, Sun X, Du Y, Liu Z, Qin B, Li W, Wang G, Pan M, Li R. Hierarchical ZSM-5 Zeolite Fabricated with Loosely Nanocrystallite Aggregates without Secondary Template. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Sai Li
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jiajun Zheng
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanze Du
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, SINOPEC, Dalian 116045, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, SINOPEC, Dalian 116045, China
| | - Wenlin Li
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Guangshuai Wang
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Meng Pan
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- College of Chemical EngineeringTechnology Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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75
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Research on Leaching of V and Ni in Spent FCC Catalyst Using Oxalic Acid/H2O2 under Microwave-Assisted Conditions. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12070834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a rapid and facile method (oxalic acid leaching under microwave-assisted conditions) to study the simultaneous recovery of vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni) from spent fluid catalytic cracking (SFCC) catalysts. The central issue in all of these studies is to test the modeling and experimental results of excellent fitting effects of leaching parameters. In order to maximize the recovery of V and Ni, leaching parameters were investigated. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the leaching parameters. The optimum conditions obtained were as follows: oxalic acid concentration of 1.8 mol/L; leaching time of 91 min; microwave-assisted power of 500 W; H2O2 concentration of 1.1 mol/L. The maximum leaching rates of V and Ni reached the values of 91.36% and 46.35%, respectively. The results showed that microwave energy was very helpful in improving the efficiency of the leaching process and shortening the leaching time by 75%. According to the shrinking core model, test results showed that a surface chemical reaction was the controlling step of the overall reaction kinetics. The activation energy of V and Ni during the leaching reaction was calculated to be 3.28 and 34.41 kJ/mol, respectively.
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76
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Li W, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhang H, Jiang F, Liu B, Xu Y, Zheng A, Liu X. Pore-Confined and Diffusion-Dependent Olefin Catalytic Cracking for the Production of Propylene over SAPO Zeolites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, and Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuebing Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Anmin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, and Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaohao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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77
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Kennes K, Kubarev A, Demaret C, Treps L, Delpoux O, Rivallan M, Guillon E, Méthivier A, de Bruin T, Gomez A, Harbuzaru B, Roeffaers MB, Chizallet C. Multiscale Visualization and Quantification of the Effect of Binders on the Acidity of Shaped Zeolites. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Kennes
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Alexey Kubarev
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Coralie Demaret
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Laureline Treps
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Olivier Delpoux
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Mickael Rivallan
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Emmanuelle Guillon
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Alain Méthivier
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Theodorus de Bruin
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, BP3, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Axel Gomez
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
- Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bogdan Harbuzaru
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Maarten B.J. Roeffaers
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de L’Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize, France
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78
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Carrasco Saavedra A, Timoshev V, Hauck M, Hassan Nejad M, Dang TT, Vu XH, Seifert M, Busse O, Weigand JJ. Binder Selection to Modify Hydrocarbon Cracking Properties of Zeolite-Containing Composites. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16430-16441. [PMID: 35601311 PMCID: PMC9118377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Activity, selectivity, and deactivation behavior of catalyst materials determine their efficiency in hydrocarbon conversion processes. For hydrocarbon cracking, the industrial catalyst is an important parameter in reaction technology to produce valuable compounds, e.g., light olefins (C3-C5) and gasoline from crude oil fractions with high molecular weight (C16+). One strategy to enhance the catalytic activity for precracking is increasing the matrix activity, which depends on the used binder and additives. In this work, three binders (water glass, aluminum chloride, and a mixture of colloidal silica with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) were used in combination with active zeolite Y, kaolin as filler, and ZSM-5 as additive to produce composite materials. Specific surface area and surface acidity measurements were combined with catalytic testing of the formulated samples in order to find the relation between the catalyst morphology and its activity. In addition, constraint index was used as a control parameter for the determination of the shape-selective properties and their correlation with the catalytic activity. The results show that the binders determine the porosity of the matrix and so the accessibility to zeolite pores and active sites. Matrixes with low porosity and activity enhance coke production and deactivate faster than matrixes with mesopores. Furthermore, ZSM-5 modifies the individual morphological and catalytic effects of the binders. Everything considered, the small crystals of ZSM-5 together with mesopores increase the olefins yield, reduce coking, and therefore enhance the performance of the final grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Carrasco Saavedra
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladislav Timoshev
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mathias Hauck
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Tung Thanh Dang
- Vietnam
National Oil and Gas Group, 18 Lang Ha Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi
City 118000, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Hoan Vu
- Vietnam
Petroleum Institute, 167 Trung Kinh Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi City 122000, Vietnam
| | - Markus Seifert
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Busse
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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79
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Ma S, Liu ZP. Machine learning potential era of zeolite simulation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5055-5068. [PMID: 35655579 PMCID: PMC9093109 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01225a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites, owing to their great variety and complexity in structure and wide applications in chemistry, have long been the hot topic in chemical research. This perspective first presents a short retrospect of theoretical investigations on zeolites using the tools from classical force fields to quantum mechanics calculations and to the latest machine learning (ML) potential simulations. ML potentials as the next-generation technique for atomic simulation open new avenues to simulate and interpret zeolite systems and thus hold great promise for finally predicting the structure-functionality relation of zeolites. Recent advances using ML potentials are then summarized from two main aspects: the origin of zeolite stability and the mechanism of zeolite-related catalytic reactions. We also discussed the possible scenarios of ML potential application aiming to provide instantaneous and easy access of zeolite properties. These advanced applications could now be accomplished by combining cloud-computing-based techniques with ML potential-based atomic simulations. The future development of ML potentials for zeolites in the respects of improving the calculation accuracy, expanding the application scope and constructing the zeolite-related datasets is finally outlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhi-Pan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institution Shanghai 200030 China
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80
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Xiao J, Cheng K, Xie X, Wang M, Xing S, Liu Y, Hartman T, Fu D, Bossers K, van Huis MA, van Blaaderen A, Wang Y, Weckhuysen BM. Tandem catalysis with double-shelled hollow spheres. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:572-579. [PMID: 35087238 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-zeolite composites with metal (oxide) and acid sites are promising catalysts for integrating multiple reactions in tandem to produce a wide variety of wanted products without separating or purifying the intermediates. However, the conventional design of such materials often leads to uncontrolled and non-ideal spatial distributions of the metal inside/on the zeolites, limiting their catalytic performance. Here we demonstrate a simple strategy for synthesizing double-shelled, contiguous metal oxide@zeolite hollow spheres (denoted as MO@ZEO DSHSs) with controllable structural parameters and chemical compositions. This involves the self-assembly of zeolite nanocrystals onto the surface of metal ion-containing carbon spheres followed by calcination and zeolite growth steps. The step-by-step formation mechanism of the material is revealed using mainly in situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction and ex situ electron microscopy. We demonstrate that it is due to this structure that an Fe2O3@H-ZSM-5 DSHSs-showcase catalyst exhibits superior performance compared with various conventionally structured Fe2O3-H-ZSM-5 catalysts in gasoline production by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. This work is expected to advance the rational synthesis and research of hierarchically hollow, core-shell, multifunctional catalyst materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Xiao
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Nagano-shi, Japan
| | - Kang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaobin Xie
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mengheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiyou Xing
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yuanshuai Liu
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Thomas Hartman
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Donglong Fu
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Koen Bossers
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marijn A van Huis
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alfons van Blaaderen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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81
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Quo Vadis Dry Reforming of Methane?—A Review on Its Chemical, Environmental, and Industrial Prospects. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM) has increasingly come into academic focus. The interesting aspect of this reaction is seemingly the conversion of CO2 and methane, two greenhouse gases, into a valuable synthesis gas (syngas) mixture with an otherwise unachievable but industrially relevant H2/CO ratio of one. In a possible scenario, the chemical conversion of CO2 and CH4 to syngas could be used in consecutive reactions to produce synthetic fuels, with combustion to harness the stored energy. Although the educts of DRM suggest a superior impact of this reaction to mitigate global warming, its potential as a chemical energy converter and greenhouse gas absorber has still to be elucidated. In this review article, we will provide insights into the industrial maturity of this reaction and critically discuss its applicability as a cornerstone in the energy transition. We derive these insights from assessing the current state of research and knowledge on DRM. We conclude that the entire industrial process of syngas production from two greenhouse gases, including heating with current technologies, releases at least 1.23 moles of CO2 per mol of CO2 converted in the catalytic reaction. Furthermore, we show that synthetic fuels derived from this reaction exhibit a negative carbon dioxide capturing efficiency which is similar to burning methane directly in the air. We also outline potential applications and introduce prospective technologies toward a net-zero CO2 strategy based on DRM.
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82
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Hu ZP, Han J, Wei Y, Liu Z. Dynamic Evolution of Zeolite Framework and Metal-Zeolite Interface. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Pan Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingfeng Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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83
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Synthesis of Si-Modified Pseudo-Boehmite@kaolin Composite and Its Application as a Novel Matrix Material for FCC Catalyst. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062169. [PMID: 35329619 PMCID: PMC8952316 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) has been the primary processing technology for heavy oil. Due to the inferior properties of heavy oil, an excellent performance is demanded of FCC catalysts. In this work, based on the acid extracting method, Si-modified pseudo-boehmite units (Si-PB) are constructed in situ and introduced into the structure of kaolin to synthesize a Si-PB@kaolin composite. The synthesized Si-PB@kaolin is further characterized and used as a matrix material for the FCC catalyst. The results indicate that, compared with a conventional kaolin matrix, a Si-PB@kaolin composite could significantly improve the heavy oil catalytic cracking performance of the prepared FCC catalyst because of its excellent properties, such as a larger surface area, a higher pore volume, and a good surface acidity. For the fresh FCC catalysts, compared with the FCC catalysts using conventional kaolin (Cat-1), the gasoline yield and total liquid yield of the catalyst containing Si-PB@kaolin (Cat-2) could obviously increase by 2.06% and 1.55%, respectively, with the bottom yield decreasing by 2.64%. After vanadium and nickel contamination, compared with Cat-1, the gasoline yield and total liquid yield of Cat-2 could increase by 1.97% and 1.24%, respectively, with the bottom yield decreasing by 1.80 percentage points.
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84
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Rodriguez-Gomez A, Ould-Chikh S, Castells-Gil J, Aguilar-Tapia A, Bordet P, Alrushaid MA, Marti-Gastaldo C, Gascon J. Fe-MOF Materials as Precursors for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Isobutane. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Rodriguez-Gomez
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Functional Materials, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Ould-Chikh
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Functional Materials, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Castells-Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Pierre Bordet
- Institut Neel, UPR 2940 CNRS─Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mogbel A. Alrushaid
- Surface Science and Advanced Characterizations Department, SABIC-CRD at KAUST, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Marti-Gastaldo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Functional Materials, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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85
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Alaithan ZA, Mallia G, Harrison NM. Monomolecular Cracking of Propane: Effect of Zeolite Confinement and Acidity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7531-7540. [PMID: 35284742 PMCID: PMC8908521 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of zeolite pore geometry and intrinsic acidity on the activation energy of propane monomolecular cracking was investigated for six topologically distinct zeolites with different pore sizes. Periodic density functional theory calculations were used to calculate the activation energy, while cluster models were used to calculate deprotonation energies. The computed intrinsic activation energies showed a smaller variation with topology than the adsorption energies. No correlation was found between the computed deprotonation and ammonia adsorption energies at the acid site and the intrinsic activation energy. Detailed analysis of the computed structures and properties suggests that acid sites with different pore topologies impose geometrical constraints on the ion-pair formed by the ammonium molecule, which differs significantly from those that affect the propane reaction.
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86
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Zaera F. Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts? Chem Rev 2022; 122:8594-8757. [PMID: 35240777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A critical review of different prominent nanotechnologies adapted to catalysis is provided, with focus on how they contribute to the improvement of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis. Ways to modify catalytic sites range from the use of the reversible or irreversible adsorption of molecular modifiers to the immobilization or tethering of homogeneous catalysts and the development of well-defined catalytic sites on solid surfaces. The latter covers methods for the dispersion of single-atom sites within solid supports as well as the use of complex nanostructures, and it includes the post-modification of materials via processes such as silylation and atomic layer deposition. All these methodologies exhibit both advantages and limitations, but all offer new avenues for the design of catalysts for specific applications. Because of the high cost of most nanotechnologies and the fact that the resulting materials may exhibit limited thermal or chemical stability, they may be best aimed at improving the selective synthesis of high value-added chemicals, to be incorporated in organic synthesis schemes, but other applications are being explored as well to address problems in energy production, for instance, and to design greener chemical processes. The details of each of these approaches are discussed, and representative examples are provided. We conclude with some general remarks on the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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87
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García-Serna J, Piñero-Hernanz R, Durán-Martín D. Inspirational perspectives and principles on the use of catalysts to create sustainability. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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88
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Reif P, Gupta NK, Rose M. Liquid phase aromatization of bio-based ketones over a stable solid acid catalyst under batch and continuous flow conditions. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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89
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Extraction of Lanthanum Oxide from Different Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts by Nitric Acid Leaching and Cyanex 923 Solvent Extraction Methods. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12030378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale procedure was developed to obtain lanthanum oxide from spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst, commonly used in the heavy crude oil cracking process. Two different solids, consisting mainly of silica, alumina, and a certain amount of rare earth elements, were leached under several conditions to recover the rare earths. Nitric acid leaching lead to the highest recovery of lanthanum, reaching a recovery percentage greater than 95% when a 1.5 M concentration was used. Subsequently, liquid phases were subjected to a liquid–liquid extraction process using Cyanex 923 diluted in Solvesso 100, and the lanthanum was quantitatively extracted. Lanthanum was also quantitatively stripped using oxalic acid to obtain the corresponding lanthanum oxalates, as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. After thermal treatment at 1200 °C for 2 h, these solids yielded lanthanum oxide.
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90
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He M, Sun Y, Han B. Green Carbon Science: Efficient Carbon Resource Processing, Utilization, and Recycling towards Carbon Neutrality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Research Institute of Petrochem Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Low Carbon Energy Conversion Center Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- Shanghai Low Carbon Technology Innovation Platform Shanghai 210620 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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91
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Palčić A, Moldovan S, El Siblani H, Vicente A, Valtchev V. Defect Sites in Zeolites: Origin and Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104414. [PMID: 35112814 PMCID: PMC8811801 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the synthesis conditions-defect formation relationship in zeolites. Silicalite-1 (MFI-type) is used as a model material. Samples synthesized from a system with high basicity (at 100 °C), a system with moderate basicity (at 150 °C), and a fluoride-containing system in neutral medium (at 170 °C) are compared. Well-crystallized materials with sizes ≈0.1, 1-10, and 30-40 µm are obtained. The samples are analyzed by complementary methods providing information on the short- and long-range order in the zeolite framework. A strong correlation between the number of point defects in the zeolite framework and preparation conditions is established. Silicalite-1 synthesized under mild synthesis conditions from a highly basic system exhibits a larger number of framework defects and thus low hydrophobicity. Further, the calcined samples are subjected to aluminum and silicon incorporation by postsynthesis treatment. The Al/Si incorporation in the zeolite framework and its impact on the physicochemical properties is studied by XRD, TEM/SEM, solid-state NMR, FTIR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The defects healing as a function of the number of point defects in the initial material and zeolite crystal size is evaluated. The results of this study will serve for fine-tuning zeolite properties by in situ and postsynthesis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Palčić
- Ruđer Bošković InstituteDivision of Materials ChemistryLaboratory for Synthesis of New MaterialsBijenička cesta 54Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Simona Moldovan
- Institut des Sciences Appliquées de RouenRouen UniversityGroupe de Physique des Matériaux (GPM)avenue de l'Université, BP12, Saint‐Étienne‐du‐Rouvray CedexRouen76801France
| | - Hussein El Siblani
- Normandie UniversitéENSICAENUNICAENCNRSLaboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie6 Boulevard Maréchal JuinCaen14050France
| | - Aurelie Vicente
- Normandie UniversitéENSICAENUNICAENCNRSLaboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie6 Boulevard Maréchal JuinCaen14050France
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Normandie UniversitéENSICAENUNICAENCNRSLaboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie6 Boulevard Maréchal JuinCaen14050France
- The ZeoMat GroupQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyCASLaoshan DistrictQingdaoCN‐266101China
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92
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Postma RS, Keijsper DJ, Morsink BF, Siegers EH, Mercimek MEE, Nieukoop LK, van den Berg H, van der Ham AGJ, Lefferts L. Technoeconomic Evaluation of the Industrial Implementation of Catalytic Direct Nonoxidative Methane Coupling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022; 61:566-579. [PMID: 35035066 PMCID: PMC8759068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a process design for catalytic nonoxidative natural gas conversion to olefins and aromatics, highlighting the opportunities and challenges concerning industrial implementation. The optimal reactor conditions are 5 bar and 1000 °C. Heat exchange over the reactor is challenging due to the high temperature and low gas pressure. Recovery of ethylene is economically unattractive due to the low ethylene concentration in the product stream, leading to a methane-to-aromatics process, recycling ethylene. Benzene is the most valuable product at an efficiency of 0.31 kgbenzene/kgmethane with hydrogen as a major valuable byproduct. Naphthalene, with a low value, is unfortunately the dominant product, at 0.52 kgnaphthalene/kgmethane. It is suggested to hydrocrack the naphthalene to more valuable BTX products in an additional downstream process. The process is calculated to result in a 107 $ profit per ton CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf S. Postma
- Catalytic
Processes and Materials Group, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Dylan J. Keijsper
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Bart F. Morsink
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Erwin H. Siegers
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Muhammed E. E. Mercimek
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Lance K. Nieukoop
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Henk van den Berg
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Aloijsius G. J. van der Ham
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Leon Lefferts
- Catalytic
Processes and Materials Group, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
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93
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Abstract
Catalysis is at the core of chemistry and has been essential to make all the goods surrounding us, including fuels, coatings, plastics and other functional materials. In the near future, catalysis will also be an essential tool in making the shift from a fossil-fuel-based to a more renewable and circular society. To make this reality, we have to better understand the fundamental concept of the active site in catalysis. Here, we discuss the physical meaning - and deduce the validity and, therefore, usefulness - of some common approaches in heterogeneous catalysis, such as linking catalyst activity to a 'turnover frequency' and explaining catalytic performance in terms of 'structure sensitivity' or 'structure insensitivity'. Catalytic concepts from the fields of enzymatic and homogeneous catalysis are compared, ultimately realizing that the struggle that one encounters in defining the active site in most solid catalysts is likely the one we must overcome to reach our end goal: tailoring the precise functioning of the active sites with respect to many different parameters to satisfy our ever-growing needs. This article ends with an outlook of what may become feasible within the not-too-distant future with modern experimental and theoretical tools at hand.
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94
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Qu Z, Sun Q. Advances in Zeolite-Supported Metal Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00653g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Propylene is one of the building blocks of the modern industrial mansion, which is the feeding stock for polypropylene, acrylonitrile, and other important chemicals. Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) is one of...
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95
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Hewitt D, Pope T, Sarwar M, Turrina A, Slater B. Machine learning accelerated high-throughput screening of zeolites for the selective adsorption of xylene isomers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13178-13186. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03351h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of machine learning and high throughput simulation has identified several potential zeolite structures that appear to outperform the leading commercially used material and explained the key factors for high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tom Pope
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Misbah Sarwar
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Sonning Common, Reading, RG4 9NH, UK
| | - Alessandro Turrina
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Chilton, P.O. Box 1, Belasis Avenue, Billingham, TS23 1LB, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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96
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Hernández-Giménez AM, Hernando H, Danisi RM, Vogt ET, Houben K, Baldus M, Serrano DP, Bruijnincx PC, Weckhuysen BM. Deactivation and regeneration of solid acid and base catalyst bodies used in cascade for bio-oil synthesis and upgrading. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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97
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Liu Q, Peng B, Zhou Q, Zheng A, Gao X, Qi Y, Yuan S, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Song H, Da Z. Role of iron contaminants in the pathway of ultra-stable Y zeolite degradation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00672c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron promotes the chemical equilibrium of the dealumination process by inducing the mobility and agglomeration of extra-framework aluminum, and further facilitates the formation of sillimanite at a lower temperature of 1000 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhou
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Aiguo Zheng
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiuzhi Gao
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuxia Zhu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Haitao Song
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhijian Da
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China
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98
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Ma Z, Zhang Q, Li L, Chen M, Li J, Yu J. Steam-assisted crystallization of highly dispersed nanosized hierarchical zeolites from solid raw materials and their catalytic performance in lactide production. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8052-8059. [PMID: 35919441 PMCID: PMC9278505 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02823a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A solvent-free route based on solid raw materials affords higher product yield and lower waste production compared to the traditional hydrothermal synthesis. However, the as-made zeolites usually present blocky aggregation states, limiting their mass transfer and exposure of active sites in catalytic applications. Herein, highly dispersed nanosized hierarchical Beta zeolites with varied Si/Al ratios were prepared via steam-assisted crystallization from ball-milled solid raw materials. Thanks to the sufficient mixing of solid raw materials and favorable migration of solid mixture, nanosized Beta zeolites are obtained that are assembled from nanoparticles (∼15 nm) and possess abundant interconnected intraparticle mesopores. The strategy can also be extended to synthesize nanosized hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites. The as-prepared Beta zeolite (Si/Al = 10) exhibits outstanding catalytic performance in conversion of lactic acid to lactide (as high as 77.5% in yield). This work provides avenues for simple and cost-efficient synthesis of highly dispersed nanosized hierarchical zeolites, promising their important catalytic applications. A cost-effective synthesis strategy based on steam-assisted crystallization from ball-milled solid raw materials is developed to prepare a highly dispersed nanosized hierarchical Beta zeolite for conversion of lactic acid (LA) to lactide (LT).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Center for High-resolution Electron Microscopy (CℏEM), School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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99
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Hui Y, Zheng J, Qin Y, Du X, Zu Y, Yang J, Sun S, Gao X, Sun Z, Song L. Insight into the Nature and the Transformation of the Hydroxyl Species in the CeY zeolite. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01564h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nature and the transformation of each potential hydroxyl species in a Ce-modified Y zeolite during the calcination process have been investigated via the information of the hydroxyl spectra of...
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100
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Maidel M, Ponte MJJDS, Ponte HDA, Valt RBG. Lanthanum recycling from spent FCC catalyst through leaching assisted by electrokinetic remediation: Influence of the process conditions on mass transfer. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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