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Zhang R, Li F, Wang W, Wang X, Li S, Liu J. The effect of antisense inhibitor of miRNA 106b∼25 on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10507-15. [PMID: 26850596 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data has demonstrated that miRNA 106b∼25, which are composed of the highly conserved miRNA 106b, miRNA 93, and miRNA 25, play carcinogenic roles in cancers. We investigated the expression of miRNA 106b∼25 in gastric cancer cells (SGC 7901, MGC 803, BGC 823) and normal gastric epithelial cell then inhibited miRNA 106b∼25 expression via transiently transfecting their antisense inhibitor. After miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited, MTT, Scratch test, Transwell invasion test, and flow cytometry were applied to investigate the proliferation, invasion, migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell. The expression of miRNA 106b, miRNA 93, and miRNA 25 in gastric cancer cells SGC 7901, MGC 803, and BGC 823 was significantly higher than in gastric epithelial cell GES-1. The most significant suppression of miRNA 106b∼25 expressions can be detected in MGC 803 cell after transiently transfecting their antisense inhibitors. So, MGC 803 cell was selected as our research object. After inhibiting miRNA 106b and miRNA 93 respectively and combined, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cell MGC 803 were significantly suppressed. The most significant suppression was observed in combined inhibiting group. After miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited respectively or combined, more gastric cancer cells were arrested in the G0G1 phase. However, there was no statistical difference in comparing with control groups. While the percentages of apoptotic cells increased after miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited, the statistical difference was detected only in combined inhibiting group. Inhibiting miRNA 106b∼25 cluster via transfecting antisense inhibitor can influence biological behavior of gastric cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupeng Zhang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Fangxuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixia Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Ge L, Zheng B, Li M, Niu L, Li Z. MicroRNA-497 suppresses osteosarcoma tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2207-2212. [PMID: 26998150 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that microRNA-497 (miR-497) acts as a tumor suppressor and is involved in tumor progression, development and metastasis in several types of cancer. However, little is known about the exact role of miR-497 in osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential role of miR-497 in human OS. The role of miR-497 in the growth and survival of OS cells was determined using several in vitro approaches and a nude mouse model. The results demonstrated that exogenous expression of miR-497 in human OS MG63 cells suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis and cell arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, the results of the in vivo study indicated that restoration of miR-497 inhibited OS tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Overall, the results of the present study identified a crucial tumor suppressive role of miR-497 in the progression of OS, and suggested that miR-497 may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Baisong Zheng
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Minghe Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Niu
- Operating Room, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Khan AY, Suresh Kumar G. Spectroscopic studies on the binding interaction of phenothiazinium dyes, azure A and azure B to double stranded RNA polynucleotides. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 152:417-425. [PMID: 26241827 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents spectroscopic characterization of the interaction of two phenothiazinium dyes, azure A and azure B with double stranded (ds) ribonucleic acids, poly(A).poly(U), poly(C).poly(G) and poly(I).poly(C). Absorbance and fluorescence studies revealed that these dyes bind to the RNAs with binding affinities of the order 10(6)M(-1) to poly(A).poly(U), and 10(5)M(-1) to poly(C).poly(G) and poly(I).poly(C), respectively. Fluorescence quenching and viscosity data gave conclusive evidence for the intercalation of the dyes to these RNA duplexes. Circular dichroism results suggested that the conformation of the RNAs was perturbed on interaction and the dyes acquired strong induced optical activity on binding. Azure B bound to all the three RNAs stronger than azure A and the binding affinity varied as poly(A).poly(U)>poly(C).poly(G)>poly(I).poly(C) for both dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Yasmeen Khan
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Gopinatha Suresh Kumar
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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Abstract
A multifunctional microRNA, miR-155, has been recently recognized as an important modulator of numerous biological processes. In our previous in vitro studies, miR-155 was identified as a potential regulator of the endothelial morphogenesis. The present study demonstrates that in vivo inhibition of miR-155 supports cerebral vasculature after experimental stroke. Intravenous injections of a specific miR-155 inhibitor were initiated at 48 h after mouse distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO). Microvasculature in peri-infarct area, infarct size, and animal functional recovery were assessed at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after dMCAO. Using in vivo two-photon microscopy, we detected improved blood flow and microvascular integrity in the peri-infarct area of miR-155 inhibitor-injected mice. Electron microscopy revealed that, in contrast to the control group, these animals demonstrated well preserved capillary tight junctions (TJs). Western blot analysis data indicate that improved TJ integrity in the inhibitor-injected animals could be associated with stabilization of the TJ protein ZO-1 and mediated by the miR-155 target protein Rheb. MRI analysis showed significant (34%) reduction of infarct size in miR-155 inhibitor-injected animals at 21 d after dMCAO. Reduced brain injury was confirmed by electron microscopy demonstrating decreased neuronal damage in the peri-infarct area of stroke. Preservation of brain tissue was reflected in efficient functional recovery of inhibitor-injected animals. Based on our findings, we propose that in vivo miR-155 inhibition after ischemia supports brain microvasculature, reduces brain tissue damage, and improves the animal functional recovery. Significance statement: In the present study, we investigated an effect of the in vivo inhibition of a microRNA, miR-155, on brain recovery after experimental cerebral ischemia. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the efficiency of intravenous anti-miRNA injections in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. The role of miRNAs in poststroke revascularization has been unexplored and in vivo regulation of miRNAs during the subacute phase of stroke has not yet been proposed. Our investigation introduces a new and unexplored approach to cerebral regeneration: regulation of poststroke angiogenesis and recovery through direct modulation of specific miRNA activity. We expect that our findings will lead to the development of novel strategies for regulating neurorestorative processes in the postischemic brain.
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Wang W, Kong T, Zhang D, Zhang J, Cheng G. Label-Free MicroRNA Detection Based on Fluorescence Quenching of Gold Nanoparticles with a Competitive Hybridization. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10822-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and
Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tao Kong
- Key Laboratory
of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and
Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory
of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and
Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jinan Zhang
- Bona Tianyuan
Biotech LLC, 568 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Guosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory
of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and
Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Chen SP, Liu BX, Xu J, Pei XF, Liao YJ, Yuan F, Zheng F. MiR-449a suppresses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple targets. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:706. [PMID: 26471185 PMCID: PMC4608176 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1738-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence indicates that Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) can be regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). MiR-449a is a liver abundant miRNA. However, the role of miR-449a in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. Methods The expression levels of miR-449a were first examined in HCC cell lines and tumour tissues by real-time PCR. The in vitro and in vivo functional effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-449a were examined further. Results In the present study, we found that miR-449a was significantly decreased in HCC cells and tissues, especially in those with the portal vein tumor thrombus. In HCC cell lines, stable overexpression of miR-449a was sufficient to inhibit cell motility in vitro, and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. In addition, ectopic overexpression of miR-449a in HCC cells promoted the expression of epithelial markers and reduced the levels of mesenchymal markers. Further studies revealed that the reintroduction of miR-449a attenuated the downstream signaling of Met, and consequently reduced the accumulation of Snail in cell nucleus by targeting the 3’-untranslated regions (3’-UTR) of FOS and Met. Conclusions Our data highlight an important role of miR-449a in the molecular etiology of HCC, and implicate the potential application of miR-449a in cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1738-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Peng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bao-Xin Liu
- Department of orthopedics, Guangzhou hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, No. 16, Zhuji Road, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No.107, Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Pei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 57, Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Yi-Ji Liao
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Provincial Cancer Hospital, No. 116, Zhuodaoquan South Road, Wuhan, China.
| | - Fang Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Zhou J, Lv L, Lin C, Hu G, Guo Y, Wu M, Tian B, Li X. Combinational treatment with microRNA‑133b and cetuximab has increased inhibitory effects on the growth and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by regulating EGFR. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5407-14. [PMID: 26151111 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with a very poor prognosis predominantly due to its high rate of tumor invasion and migration, and its resistance to anti‑epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. Although CRC has been widely studied, the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. MicroRNA (miR)‑133b has been demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor in several human cancer types by regulating EGFR. However, the detailed involvement of miR‑133b and EGFR in CRC cells remain to be elucidated. The present study used reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and characterized the downregulation of the expression levels of miR‑133b in CRC tissues and cell lines. Cell functional assays demonstrated that restored expression of miR‑133b inhibited the growth and invasion of CRC cells. In addition, a luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR‑133b directly targeted EGFR and repressed its expression levels in CRC cells. Additionally, combination treatment with miR‑133b mimics and the monoclonal anti‑EGFR antibody, cetuximab, which is approved and frequently used for treating patients with CRC, exhibited improved inhibitory effects on the growth and invasion of CRC cells compared with treatment with either alone. Taken together, the present study characterized the role of the miR‑133b/EGFR interaction in CRC cells and this suggested the combinational therapy with cetuximab and miR‑133b was positive and may be a potential novel treatment for patients with CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lv Lv
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gui Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yihang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Meirong Wu
- Operation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Buning Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Yang B, Wang S, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Ruan X, Han W, Yin B, Yuan J, Qiang B, Ying W, Qian X, Peng X. Proteomic screening and identification of microRNA-128 targets in glioma cells. Proteomics 2015; 15:2602-17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiangbin Ruan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Bin Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Boqin Qiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Wantao Ying
- The State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing P. R. China
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Tan JYL, Habib NA, Chuah YW, Yau YH, Geifman-Shochat S, Chen WN. Identification of Cellular Targets of MicroRNA-181a in HepG2 Cells: A New Approach for Functional Analysis of MicroRNAs. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123167. [PMID: 25901570 PMCID: PMC4406611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play a part in regulating important cellular processes. They generally perform their regulatory function through their binding with mRNAs, ultimately leading to a repression of target protein expression levels. However, their roles in cellular processes are poorly understood due to the limited understanding of their specific cellular targets. Aberrant levels of miRNAs have been found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) including miR-181a. Using bioinformatics analysis, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1β) and transcriptional factor E2F7 were identified as potential targets of miR-181a. Validation analysis using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed a positive binding between miR-181a and the 3'UTRs of these two potential mRNA targets. In vivo luciferase assay further confirmed the positive miR-181a:mRNA bindings, where a significant decrease in luciferase activity was detected when HepG2 cells were co-transfected with the 3'UTR-containing reporter plasmids and miR-181a. The potential impact of miR-181a binding to its specific targets on the general cellular behavior was further investigated. Results showed that miR-181a significantly activated the MAPK/JNK pathway which regulates cell proliferation, supporting our recently reported findings. Inhibition of miR-181a, on the other hand, abolished the observed activation. Our findings open up a new approach in designing targeted functional analysis of miRNAs in cellular processes, through the identification of their cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Yi Lin Tan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nagy A. Habib
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, London, England
| | - York Wieo Chuah
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin Hoe Yau
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susana Geifman-Shochat
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Ning Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Døssing KBV, Binderup T, Kaczkowski B, Jacobsen A, Rossing M, Winther O, Federspiel B, Knigge U, Kjær A, Friis-Hansen L. Down-Regulation of miR-129-5p and the let-7 Family in Neuroendocrine Tumors and Metastases Leads to Up-Regulation of Their Targets Egr1, G3bp1, Hmga2 and Bach1. Genes (Basel) 2014; 6:1-21. [PMID: 25546138 PMCID: PMC4377830 DOI: 10.3390/genes6010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of miRNAs in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN) is poorly characterized. We therefore wanted to examine the miRNA expression in Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs), and identify their targets and importance in NET carcinogenesis. miRNA expression in six NEN primary tumors, six NEN metastases and four normal intestinal tissues was characterized using miRNA arrays, and validated by in-situ hybridization and qPCR. Among the down-regulated miRNAs miR-129-5p and the let-7f/let-7 family, were selected for further characterization. Transfection of miR-129-5p inhibited growth of a pulmonary and an intestinal carcinoid cell line. Analysis of mRNA expression changes identified EGR1 and G3BP1 as miR-129-5p targets. They were validated by luciferase assay and western blotting, and found robustly expressed in NETs by immunohistochemistry. Knockdown of EGR1 and G3BP1 mimicked the growth inhibition induced by miR-129-5p. let-7 overexpression inhibited growth of carcinoid cell lines, and let-7 inhibition increased protein content of the transcription factor BACH1 and its targets MMP1 and HMGA2, all known to promote bone metastases. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that let-7 targets are highly expressed in NETs and metastases. We found down-regulation of miR-129-5p and the let-7 family, and identified new neuroendocrine specific targets for these miRNAs, which contributes to the growth and metastatic potential of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina B V Døssing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tina Binderup
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bogumil Kaczkowski
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology and Biotech and Research Innovation Centre, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anders Jacobsen
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology and Biotech and Research Innovation Centre, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ole Winther
- DTU Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Federspiel
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ulrich Knigge
- Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Andreas Kjær
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lennart Friis-Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Lv L, Huang W, Zhang J, Shi Y, Zhang L. Altered microRNA expression in stenoses of native arteriovenous fistulas in hemodialysis patients. J Vasc Surg 2014; 63:1034-43.e3. [PMID: 25498192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) disfunction is largely due to venous stenosis characterized by a marked amount of intima-media hyperplasia. However, the molecular mechanisms are currently poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, could provide insights into a mechanism for the differential expression of genes in stenotic AVFs. METHODS A microarray study was done to detect differences in miRNA levels between stenotic AVF (n = 8) and controls (n = 4). Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays with 12 stenotic AVF veins and eight control veins from predialytic patients were used for verification. Putative gene targets were retrieved from miRNA target prediction databases. Networks from the target gene set were created and examined. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were performed to confirm the bioinformatic findings. RESULTS A microarray study identified 33 miRNAs with markedly different expression levels between stenotic AVFs and control veins. Among them, nine miRNAs were upregulated and 24 miRNAs were downregulated in the stenotic AVFs. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed statistically consistent expression of six selected miRNAs with microarray analysis. The predicted miRNA target genes differentially expressed in stenotic AVF based on databases were identified. The mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway might be regulated by miRNAs according to bioinformatic analyses and further confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. CONCLUSIONS Our genome-wide approach identified several differentially expressed miRNAs in stenotic AVFs. This study also suggested that the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway might play a role in the pathogenesis of stenotic AVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxue Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang Q, Liu H, Soukup GA, He DZZ. Identifying microRNAs involved in aging of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112857. [PMID: 25405349 PMCID: PMC4236067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss is a progressive sensorineural hearing loss that occurs during aging. Degeneration of the organ of Corti and atrophy of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct (or scala media) in the inner ear are the two primary causes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of mRNA/protein targets, are important regulators of cellular senescence and aging. We examined miRNA gene expression profiles in the lateral wall of two mouse strains, along with exploration of the potential targets of those miRNAs that showed dynamic expression during aging. We show that 95 and 60 miRNAs exhibited differential expression in C57 and CBA mice during aging, respectively. A majority of downregulated miRNAs are known to regulate pathways of cell proliferation and differentiation, while all upregulated miRNAs are known regulators in the pro-apoptotic pathways. By using apoptosis-related gene array and bioinformatic approaches to predict miRNA targets, we identify candidate miRNA-regulated genes that regulate apoptosis pathways in the lateral wall of C57 and CBA mice during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Huizhan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Garrett A. Soukup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
| | - David Z. Z. He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
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MAO BIJING, ZHANG ZHIMIN, WANG GE. BTG2: A rising star of tumor suppressors (Review). Int J Oncol 2014; 46:459-64. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Deng L, Shang L, Bai S, Chen J, He X, Martin-Trevino R, Chen S, Li XY, Meng X, Yu B, Wang X, Liu Y, McDermott SP, Ariazi AE, Ginestier C, Ibarra I, Ke J, Luther T, Clouthier SG, Xu L, Shan G, Song E, Yao H, Hannon GJ, Weiss SJ, Wicha MS, Liu S. MicroRNA100 inhibits self-renewal of breast cancer stem-like cells and breast tumor development. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6648-60. [PMID: 25217527 PMCID: PMC4370193 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs are essential for self-renewal and differentiation of normal and malignant stem cells by regulating the expression of key stem cell regulatory genes. Here, we report evidence implicating the miR100 in self-renewal of cancer stem-like cells (CSC). We found that miR100 expression levels relate to the cellular differentiation state, with lowest expression in cells displaying stem cell markers. Utilizing a tetracycline-inducible lentivirus to elevate expression of miR100 in human cells, we found that increasing miR100 levels decreased the production of breast CSCs. This effect was correlated with an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in mouse tumor xenografts due to attenuated expression of the CSC regulatory genes SMARCA5, SMARCD1, and BMPR2. Furthermore, miR100 induction in breast CSCs immediately upon their orthotopic implantation or intracardiac injection completely blocked tumor growth and metastasis formation. Clinically, we observed a significant association between miR100 expression in breast cancer specimens and patient survival. Our results suggest that miR100 is required to direct CSC self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Deng
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Shang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shoumin Bai
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueyan He
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rachel Martin-Trevino
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiaojie Meng
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical School, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Bin Yu
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sean P McDermott
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alexa E Ariazi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christophe Ginestier
- Centre de Recherche en Cance'rologie de Marseille, Laboratoire d'Oncologie Mole'culaire, UMR891 Inserm/Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Universite' de la Me'diterrane'e, Marseille, France
| | - Ingrid Ibarra
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Program in Genetics and Bioinformatics, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, New York
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tahra Luther
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shawn G Clouthier
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Liang Xu
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical School, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Ge Shan
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Erwei Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Herui Yao
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gregory J Hannon
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Program in Genetics and Bioinformatics, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, New York
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine and Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Max S Wicha
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Suling Liu
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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De Minicis S, Marzioni M, Benedetti A, Svegliati-Baroni G. New insights in hepatocellular carcinoma: from bench to bedside. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 1:15. [PMID: 25332959 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2013.01.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multistep process involving different genetic alterations that ultimately lead to malignant transformation of the hepatocyte. The liver is one of the main targets for different metastatic foci, but it represents an important and frequent locus of degeneration in the course of chronic disease. In fact, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the outcome of the natural history of chronic liver diseases, from the condition of fibrosis, to cirrhosis and finally to cancer. HCC is the sixth most common cancer in the world, some 630,000 new cases being diagnosed each year. Furthermore, about the 80% of people with HCC, have seen their clinical history developing from fibrosis, to cirrhosis and finally to cancer. The three main causes of HCC development are represented by HBV, HCV infection and alcoholism. Moreover, metabolic disease [starting from Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)] and, with reduced frequency, some autoimmune disease may lead to HCC development. An additional rare cause of carcinogenetic degeneration of the liver, especially developed in African and Asian Countries, is represented by aflatoxin B1. The mechanisms by which these etiologic factors may induce HCC development involve a wide range of pathway and molecules, currently under investigation. In summary, the hepatocarcionogenesis results from a multifactorial process leading to the common condition of genetic changes in mature hepatocytes mainly characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and cell death. Advances in understanding the mechanism of action are fundamental for the development of new potential therapies and results primarily from the association of the research activities coming from basic and clinical science. This review article analyzes the current models used in basic research to investigate HCC activity, and the advances obtained from a basic and clinical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele De Minicis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Benedetti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Huumonen K, Korkalainen M, Viluksela M, Lahtinen T, Naarala J, Juutilainen J. Role of microRNAs and DNA Methyltransferases in Transmitting Induced Genomic Instability between Cell Generations. Front Public Health 2014; 2:139. [PMID: 25309892 PMCID: PMC4163984 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited understanding of how radiation or chemicals induce genomic instability, and how the instability is epigenetically transmitted to the progeny of exposed cells or organisms. Here, we measured the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in murine embryonal fibroblasts exposed to ionizing radiation or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which were previously shown to induce genomic instability in this cell line. Cadmium was used as a reference agent that does not induce genomic instability in our experimental model. Measurements at 8 and 15 days after exposure did not identify any such persistent changes that could be considered as signals transmitting genomic instability to the progeny of exposed cells. However, measurements at 2 days after exposure revealed findings that may reflect initial stages of genomic instability. Changes that were common to TCDD and two doses of radiation (but not to cadmium) included five candidate signature miRNAs and general up-regulation of miRNA expression. Expression of DNMT3a, DNMT3b, and DNMT2 was suppressed by cadmium but not by TCDD or radiation, consistently with the hypothesis that sufficient expression of DNMTs is necessary in the initial phase of induced genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katriina Huumonen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Merja Korkalainen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Matti Viluksela
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland ; Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Tapani Lahtinen
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Jonne Naarala
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Jukka Juutilainen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
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67
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Tang Q, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Li J, Zheng J, Li Y, Yang R, Tan W. Competitive assembly to increase the performance of the DNA/carbon-nanomaterial-based sensing platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:13470-13477. [PMID: 25054234 DOI: 10.1021/am502311b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the rate of target binding on the surface and enhancing the fluorescence signal restoration efficiency are critical to the desirable biomedical application of carbon nanomaterials, for example, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We describe here a strategy to increase the target binding rate and enhance the fluorescence signal restoration efficiency on the DNA-functionalized SWNT surface using a short complementary DNA (scDNA) strand. The scDNA causes up to a 2.5-fold increase in association rate and 4-fold increase in fluorescence signal restoration by its competitive assembly on the nanostructure's surface and inducing a conformational change that extends the DNA away from the surface, making it more available to bind target nucleic acids. The scDNA-induced enhancement of binding kinetics and fluorescence signal restoration efficiency is a general phenomenon that occurred with all sequences and surfaces investigated. Through this competitive assembly strategy of scDNA, performance improvement of the carbon-nanomaterial-based biosensing platform for both in vitro detection and live cell imaging can be reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
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Tan YLJ, Chen WN. MicroRNAs as therapeutic strategy for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future prospects. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5973-5986. [PMID: 24876720 PMCID: PMC4033437 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.5973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be one of the top causing cancer-related deaths today. The majority of HCC cases are reported to be the result of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Current treatments for HBV-related HCC revolve around the use of drugs to inhibit viral replication, as a high level of viral load and antigen in circulation often presents a poor patient prognosis. However, existing therapies are inefficient in the complete eradication of HBV, often resulting in tumour recurrence. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in important processes in HBV-related HCC makes it an important player in the progression of HCC in chronic hepatitis B infected patients. In this review, we discuss the key aspects of HBV infection and the important viral products that may regulate cancer-related processes via their interaction with miRNAs or their closely related protein machinery. Conversely, we also look at how miRNAs may go about regulating the virus, especially in vital processes like viral replication. Apart from miRNAs acting as either oncogenes or tumour-suppressors, we also look at how miRNAs may function as biomarkers that may possibly serve as better candidates than those currently employed in the diagnosis of HBV infection or HBV-related HCC. A summary of the roles of miRNAs in HBV-related HCC will hopefully lead to a gain in understanding of the pathogenesis process and pave the way for new insights in medical therapy.
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69
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Li W, Jin X, Deng X, Zhang G, Zhang B, Ma L. The putative tumor suppressor microRNA-497 modulates gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion by repressing eIF4E. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 449:235-40. [PMID: 24845562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs are involved in multiple processes in gastric cancer (GC) development and progression. Aberrant expression of miR-497 has been frequently reported in cancer studies; however, the role and mechanism of its function in GC remains unknown. Here, we reported that miR-497 was frequently downregulated in GC tissues and associated with aggressive clinicopathological features of GC patients. Further in vitro observations showed that the enforced expression of miR-497 inhibited cell proliferation by blocking the G1/S transition and decreased the invasion of GC cells, implying that miR-497 functions as a tumor suppressor in the progression of GC. In vivo study indicated that restoration of miR-497 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. Luciferase assays revealed that miR-497 inhibited eIF4E expression by targeting the binding sites in the 3'-untranslated region of eIF4E mRNA. qRT-PCR and Western blot assays verified that miR-497 reduced eIF4E expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. A reverse correlation between miR-497 and eIF4E expression was noted in GC tissues. Taken together, our results identify a crucial tumor suppressive role of miR-497 in the progression of GC and suggest that miR-497 might be an anticancer therapeutic target for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University (CCGMU), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University (CCGMU), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubin Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University (CCGMU), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqian Zhang
- Cancer Research Institution, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University (CCGMU), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Chu YD, Wang WC, Chen SAA, Hsu YT, Yeh MW, Slack FJ, Chan SP. RACK-1 regulates let-7 microRNA expression and terminal cell differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1995-2009. [PMID: 24776851 PMCID: PMC4111763 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The let-7 microRNA (miRNA) regulates cell cycle exit and terminal differentiation in the C. elegans heterochronic gene pathway. Low expression of let-7 results in retarded vulva and hypodermal cell development in C. elegans and has been associated with several human cancers. Previously, the versatile scaffold protein receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) was proposed to facilitate recruitment of the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) to the polysome and to be required for miRNA function in C. elegans and humans. Here, we show that depletion of C. elegans RACK-1 by RNAi increases let-7 miRNA levels and suppresses the retarded terminal differentiation of lateral hypodermal seam cells in mutants carrying the hypomorphic let-7(n2853) allele or lacking the let-7 family miRNA genes mir-48 and mir-241. Depletion of RACK-1 also increases the levels of precursor let-7 miRNA. When Dicer is knocked down and pre-miRNA processing is inhibited, depletion of RACK-1 still leads to increased levels of pre-let-7, suggesting that RACK-1 affects a biogenesis mechanism upstream of Dicer. No changes in the activity of the let-7 promoter or the levels of primary let-7 miRNA are associated with depletion of RACK-1, suggesting that RACK-1 affects let-7 miRNA biogenesis at the post-transcriptional level. Interestingly, rack-1 knockdown also increases the levels of a few other precursor miRNAs. Our results reveal that RACK-1 controls the biogenesis of a subset of miRNAs, including let-7, and in this way plays a role in the heterochronic gene pathway during C. elegans development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Chu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Wang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-An A Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program; College of Life Science; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology; Yale University; New Haven, CT USA
| | - Shih-Peng Chan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program; College of Life Science; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology; Yale University; New Haven, CT USA
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Nyholm AM, Lerche CM, Manfé V, Biskup E, Johansen P, Morling N, Thomsen BM, Glud M, Gniadecki R. miR-125b induces cellular senescence in malignant melanoma. BMC DERMATOLOGY 2014; 14:8. [PMID: 24762088 PMCID: PMC4021480 DOI: 10.1186/1471-5945-14-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro RNAs (miRs) have emerged as key regulators during oncogenesis. They have been found to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Mir-125b has been identified as an oncomir in various forms of tumours, but we have previously proposed that miR-125b is a suppressor of lymph node metastasis in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Our goal was therefore to further examine this theory. METHODS We used in-situ-hybridization to visualise miR-125b expression in primary tumours and in lymph node metastasis. Then using a miRVector plasmid containing a miR-125b-1 insert we transfected melanoma cell line Mel-Juso and then investigated the effect of the presence of a stable overexpression of miR-125b on growth by western blotting, flow cytometry and β-galactosidase staining. The tumourogenicity of the transfected cells was tested using a murine model and the tumours were further examined with in-situ-hybridization. RESULTS In primary human tumours and in lymph node metastases increased expression of miR-125b was found in single, large tumour cells with abundant cytoplasm. A stable overexpression of miR-125b in human melanoma cell line Mel-Juso resulted in a G0/G1 cell cycle block and emergence of large cells expressing senescence markers: senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, p21, p27 and p53. Mel-Juso cells overexpressing miR-125b were tumourigenic in mice, but the tumours exhibited higher level of cell senescence and decreased expression of proliferation markers, cyclin D1 and Ki67 than the control tumours. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the theory that miR-125b functions as a tumour supressor in cutaneous malignant melanoma by regulating cellular senescence, which is one of the central mechanisms protecting against the development and progression of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Nyholm
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catharina M Lerche
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valentina Manfé
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edyta Biskup
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Johansen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Section of Forensic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Morling
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Section of Forensic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birthe Mørk Thomsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Glud
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Huang K, Fu J, Zhou W, Li W, Dong S, Yu S, Hu Z, Wang H, Xie Z. MicroRNA-125b regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by targeting Cbfβ in vitro. Biochimie 2014; 102:47-55. [PMID: 24560795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into a specific lineage is firmly and precisely regulated via crucial transcription factors and signaling cascades, but the accurate mechanisms still need to be revealed. MicroRNAs (miRNA) negativity regulates the target mRNA protein synthesis to regulate various kinds of biological processes. In the present study we investigate miRNAs mediated regulatory mechanisms of osteoblastic differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and we identified that the level of miR-125b expression was obviously decreased compared with undifferentiated ones during differentiation process. Subsequently, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay data demonstrated that miR-125b targets a putative binding site in the 3'-UTR of Cbfβ gene, a key transcription factor for osteogenesis. We observed over and interferential expression of miR-125b down-regulate for Cbfβ protein in C3H10T1/2 cells and the over-expression decrease the mRNA levels of three osteoblastic marker genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) by BMP-2-induced, whereas, anti-miR-125b increased the expression of these marker genes and hence up-regulated mRNA levels of Cbfβ. It is concluded from the result that miR-125b is a key regulatory factor of osteoblastic differentiation by directly targeting Cbfβ and indirectly acting on Runx2 at an early stage osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingshu Fu
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Li
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shengpeng Yu
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongkai Hu
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaqing Wang
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao Xie
- National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Xia H, Yamada S, Aoyama M, Sato F, Masaki A, Ge Y, Ri M, Ishida T, Ueda R, Utsunomiya A, Asai K, Inagaki H. Prognostic impact of microRNA-145 down-regulation in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:1192-8. [PMID: 24745613 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a highly aggressive tumor caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely involved in the development and progression of various tumors. Here we investigated the dysregulation of miRNAs in ATL and its clinical significance. Studies using miRNA arrays and subsequent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that, in the 9 ATL cell lines examined, 1 miRNA was consistently up-regulated, whereas another 3 were consistently down-regulated, compared with normal CD4-positive lymphocytes. Next, we analyzed the prognostic impact of these 4 miRNAs in patients with aggressive-type ATL (n = 40). Of the 4 dysregulated miRNAs selected, 3 (miR-130b higher expression, miR-145 lower expression, and miR-223 lower expression) were significantly associated with a worsened overall patient survival. We found that expressions of these 3 miRNAs were correlated with each other. To clarify which of the 3 had the most significant impact on overall survival, we performed a multivariate prognostic analysis that included these 3 miRNAs, and only miR-145 lower expression was selected as an independent risk factor (P = .0005). When overexpressed in an ATL cell line in vitro, miR-145 specifically inhibited tumor cell growth. In conclusion, our study suggests that miR-145 down-regulation provides a growth advantage in ATL and is highly associated with a worsened prognosis for patients with ALT. Hence, miR-145 may be a useful prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Xia
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sato
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ayako Masaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yan Ge
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Ueda
- Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Department of Tumor Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura Bun-in Hospital, Kagoshima 890-0064, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Asai
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inagaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
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Zhao Y, Miao G, Li Y, Isaji T, Gu J, Li J, Qi R. MicroRNA- 130b suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells through downregulation of integrin β1 [corrected]. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87938. [PMID: 24498407 PMCID: PMC3912181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA 130b (miR-130b) is significantly dysregulated in various human tumor types. In this study, using a microarray assay, we characterized the upregulation of miR-130b expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens. However, there is limited knowledge about the roles of aberrant miR-130b expression in CRC. Our studies in CRC cells demonstrated that miR-130b significantly decreases cell migration and invasion, but it has no evidently effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In the overexpression miR-130b CRC cells and the CRC specimens, we observed a decreased level of integrin β1 protein, which is considered as a key molecule involved in cell motility. The targeting of the 3'-UTR region of integrin β1 gene by miR-130b was revealed using a luciferase reporter assay. The regulation of integrin β1 by miR-130b was further shown using the miR-130b mimics and the inhibitor of miR-130b. The impaired motility of the miR-130b overexpression cells is recovered partly by the expression of integrin β1 lacking the 3'-UTR. Additionally, the knockdown of integrin β1 also gives rise to a decrease in cell migration and invasion, which is similar to the impeded motility due to overexpression of miR-130b in CRC cells. Furthermore, the inverse expressions of miR-130b and integrin β1 were observed in CRC specimens. In summary, these data demonstrate that miR-130b downregulates its target-integrin β1, leading to the impaired migration and invasion of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Miao
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
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Han Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Ji J, Xu W, Zhao Y, Luo F, Wang B, Bian Q, Liu Q. Cell cycle changes mediated by the p53/miR-34c axis are involved in the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells by benzo[a]pyrene. Toxicol Lett 2013; 225:275-84. [PMID: 24362009 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression during carcinogen-induced cell transformation will lead to a better understanding of the role of miRNAs in cancer development. In this investigation, we evaluated changes in p53 function and its downstream target miRNAs in benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Chronic exposure to BaP induced malignant transformation of cells, in which there were increased levels of mutant p53 (mt-p53) and reduced expression of wild-type p53 (wt-p53) and phosphorylated p53 (p-p53). With acute (12h) exposure to BaP, p-p53 was increased, and with increasing time of exposure (24h), the increase in p-p53 at a concentration of 1μM BaP was followed by a decline with increasing concentrations; wt-p53 and mt-p53 did not change. With prolonged exposure (48h), p-p53 and wt-p53 decreased, but mt-p53 increased. At different exposure times, the levels of miR-34c were consistent with p-p53. Over-expression of miR-34c resulted in inhibition of the BaP-induced G1-to-S transition and diminished up-regulation of cyclin D. Further, up-regulation of miR-34c or silencing of cylin D prevented BaP-induced malignant transformation. Thus, changes in the cell cycle mediated by the p53/miR-34c axis are involved in the transformation cells induced by BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyu Han
- The First Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Ji
- The First Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fei Luo
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bairu Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qian Bian
- Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China.
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76
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miR-128 and its target genes in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:3059-64. [PMID: 23958464 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-coding, 18-24 nucleotide length single-strand RNAs that could modulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Previous studies have shown that miR-128 enriched in the brain plays an important role in the development of nervous system and the maintenance of normal physical functions. Aberrant expression of miR-128 has been detected in many types of human tumors and its validated target genes are involved in cancer-related biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In this review, we will summarize the roles of miR-128 and its target genes in tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Lin Y, Zeng Y, Zhang F, Xue L, Huang Z, Li W, Guo M. Characterization of microRNA expression profiles and the discovery of novel microRNAs involved in cancer during human embryonic development. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69230. [PMID: 23936320 PMCID: PMC3732277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), approximately 22-nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules, regulate a variety of pivotal physiological or pathological processes, including embryonic development and tumorigenesis. To obtain comprehensive expression profiles of miRNAs in human embryos, we characterized miRNA expression in weeks 4-6 of human embryonic development using miRNA microarrays and identified 50 human-embryo-specific miRNAs (HES-miRNAs). Furthermore, we selected three non-conserved or primate-specific miRNAs, hsa-miR-638, -720, and -1280, and examined their expression levels in various normal and tumor tissues. The results show that expression of most miRNAs is extremely low during early human embryonic development. In addition, the expression of some non-conserved or primate-specific miRNAs is significantly different between tumor and the corresponding normal tissue samples, suggesting that the miRNAs are closely related to the pathological processes of various tumors. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of miRNA expression during human embryonic development and offers immediate evidence of the relationship between human early embryonic development and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (WL)
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (WL)
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78
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Meng X, Wu J, Pan C, Wang H, Ying X, Zhou Y, Yu H, Zuo Y, Pan Z, Liu RY, Huang W. Genetic and epigenetic down-regulation of microRNA-212 promotes colorectal tumor metastasis via dysregulation of MnSOD. Gastroenterology 2013; 145:426-36.e1-6. [PMID: 23583431 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Altered functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). miR-212 is transcribed from a stable intron of a non-protein coding gene, and is reportedly down-regulated in different tumor types. We investigated the role of miR-212 in colorectal carcinogenesis and progression. METHODS We analyzed the expression of miR-212 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of colorectal cell lines and 180 paired tumor samples and surrounding healthy tissue. We overexpressed and knocked down miR-212 in CRC cell lines and assessed the in vitro effects. We also studied the effects of miR-212 overexpression on metastasis of tumors grown from HCT116 cells in nude mice. RESULTS Overexpression of miR-212 inhibited CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro and formation of intrahepatic and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. We identified manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) messenger RNA as a direct target of miR-212, and observed an inverse correlation between the level of miR-212 and MnSOD protein in colorectal tumor samples. MnSOD was required for down-regulation of epithelial markers and up-regulation of mesenchymal markers in CRC cells, indicating that it promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Overexpression of miR-212 reduced the levels of MnSOD to block the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Loss of heterozygosity and promoter hypermethylation each contributed to the down-regulation of miR-212. Reduced levels of miR-212 were associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype and short disease-free survival times of patients (P = .0045; overall survival, P = .0015). CONCLUSIONS miR-212 is down-regulated in human CRC tissues via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. miR-212 might prevent tumor progression by targeting MnSOD messenger RNA; reduction of miR-212 could be a prognostic marker for patients with CRC. miR-212 and MnSOD might also be therapeutic targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
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Brothers JF, Hijazi K, Mascaux C, El-Zein RA, Spitz MR, Spira A. Bridging the clinical gaps: genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer in the post-National Lung Screening Trial era. BMC Med 2013; 11:168. [PMID: 23870182 PMCID: PMC3717087 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide in part due to our inability to identify which smokers are at highest risk and the lack of effective tools to detect the disease at its earliest and potentially curable stage. Recent results from the National Lung Screening Trial have shown that annual screening of high-risk smokers with low-dose helical computed tomography of the chest can reduce lung cancer mortality. However, molecular biomarkers are needed to identify which current and former smokers would benefit most from annual computed tomography scan screening in order to reduce the costs and morbidity associated with this procedure. Additionally, there is an urgent clinical need to develop biomarkers that can distinguish benign from malignant lesions found on computed tomography of the chest given its very high false positive rate. This review highlights recent genetic, transcriptomic and epigenomic biomarkers that are emerging as tools for the early detection of lung cancer both in the diagnostic and screening setting.
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80
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Rykov SV, Khodyrev DS, Pronina IV, Kazubskaya TP, Loginov VI, Braga EA. Novel miRNA genes methylated in lung tumors. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413070119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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81
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Kubo E, Hasanova N, Sasaki H, Singh DP. Dynamic and differential regulation in the microRNA expression in the developing and mature cataractous rat lens. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:1146-59. [PMID: 23844765 PMCID: PMC4118174 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating gene expression, and alterations in gene expression are known to affect cells involved in the development of ageing disorders. Using developing rat lens epithelial cells (LECs), we profiled the expression of miRNAs by a microarray-based approach. Few gene expression changes known to be involved in pathogenesis or cytoprotection were uniquely influenced by miRNA expression. Most miRNAs increased or decreased in abundance (let 7b, let 7c, miR29a, miR29c, miR126 and miR551b) in LECs/lenses during late embryonic and post-natal development and in cataract. Among them, miR29a, miR29c and miR126 were dramatically decreased in cataractous LECs from Shumiya Cataract Rats (SCRs). Specifically, the cytoskeleton remodelling genes tropomyosin (Tm) 1α and 2β, which have been implicated in the initiation of pathophysiology, were targets of miR29c and were over-stimulated as demonstrated by inhibitor experiments. In transfection experiments, increasing the level of miR29c caused a corresponding decrease in the expression of Tm1α and 2β, suggesting that miR29c may regulate the translation of Tm1α and 2β. 3′UTR luciferase activity of Tm1α, not 2β, was significantly decreased in miR29c-transfected mouse LECs. These findings demonstrate changes in miRNAs expression, and target molecules have potential as diagnostic indicators of ageing and as a foundation of miR-based therapeutics for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kubo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
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82
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Li P, Grgurevic S, Liu Z, Harris D, Rozovski U, Calin GA, Keating MJ, Estrov Z. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 induces microRNA-155 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64678. [PMID: 23750211 PMCID: PMC3672147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR) abnormalities play a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). High levels of miR-155 have been detected in human neoplasms, and overexpression of miR-155 has been found to induce lymphoma in mice. High levels of miR-155 were detected in CLL cells and STAT3, which is known to induce miR-21 and miR-181b-1 expression, is constitutively activated in CLL. Given these findings, we hypothesized that STAT3 induces miR-155. Sequence analysis revealed that the miR-155 promoter harbors two putative STAT3 binding sites. Therefore, truncated miR-155 promoter constructs and STAT3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were co-transfected into MM1 cells. Of the two putative binding sites, STAT3-siRNA reduced the luciferase activity of the construct containing the 700–709 bp STAT3 binding site, suggesting that this site is involved in STAT3-induced transcription. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that STAT3 bound to the miR-155 promoter in CLL cells, and chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assay confirmed that STAT3 bound to the 700–709 bp but not the 615–624 bp putative STAT3 binding site in CLL cells. Finally, STAT3-small hairpin RNA downregulated miR-155 gene expression, suggesting that constitutively activated STAT3 binds to the miR-155 gene promoter. Together, these results suggest that STAT3 activates miR-155 in CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Srdana Grgurevic
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David Harris
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Uri Rozovski
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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83
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Identifying microRNAs involved in degeneration of the organ of corti during age-related hearing loss. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62786. [PMID: 23646144 PMCID: PMC3640032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of mRNA targets, are important regulators of cellular senescence and aging. We questioned which miRNAs are involved in age-related degeneration of the organ of Corti (OC), the auditory sensory epithelium that transduces mechanical stimuli to electrical activity in the inner ear. Degeneration of the OC is generally accepted as the main cause of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), a progressive loss of hearing in individuals as they grow older. To determine which miRNAs are involved in the onset and progression of ARHL, miRNA gene expression in the OC of two mouse strains, C57BL/6J and CBA/J, was compared at three different ages using GeneChip miRNA microarray and was validated by real-time PCR. We showed that 111 and 71 miRNAs exhibited differential expression in the C57 and CBA mice, respectively, and that downregulated miRNAs substantially outnumbered upregulated miRNAs during aging. miRNAs that had approximately 2-fold upregulation included members of miR-29 family and miR-34 family, which are known regulators of pro-apoptotic pathways. In contrast, miRNAs that were downregulated by about 2-fold were members of the miR-181 family and miR-183 family, which are known to be important for proliferation and differentiation, respectively. The shift of miRNA expression favoring apoptosis occurred earlier than detectable hearing threshold elevation and hair cell loss. Our study suggests that changes in miRNA expression precede morphological and functional changes, and that upregulation of pro-apoptotic miRNAs and downregulation of miRNAs promoting proliferation and differentiation are both involved in age-related degeneration of the OC.
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Ohrt-Nissen S, Døssing KBV, Rossing M, Lajer C, Vikeså J, Nielsen FC, Friis-Hansen L, Dahl B. Characterization of miRNA expression in human degenerative lumbar disks. Connect Tissue Res 2013; 54:197-203. [PMID: 23586579 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2013.781594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DATA microRNAs (miRNAs) are short ∼22 nucleotide RNA sequences that regulate messengerRNA translation. miRNAs have shown to play a role in synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Since inflammation play a role in intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration, the objective was to isolate miRNA from human lumbar intervertebral disks and subsequently characterize the difference in miRNA expression between the annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP). METHODS Fourteen patients undergoing anterior interbody fusion for degenerative disk disease of the lumbar spine were included. During surgery biopsies from the intervertebral disks were obtained and immediately placed in RNAlater. The RNAlater was decanted and the samples frozen at -80˚C until RNA extraction. This was performed using the Trizol method. Global miRNA expression analysis was performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip® miRNA array. RESULTS We developed a method allowing the extraction of miRNA from human intervertebral disks usually yielding 1-4 µg of total RNA pr. 100 mg of disk. Twenty-seven miRNAs had a higher expression in the AF and 10 had the highest expression in the NP. Among the top 15 signaling pathways most likely to be controlled by these miRNAs were the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) epidermal growth factor (EGF), and actin cytoskeletal pathway. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated the presence of miRNA in the human IVD. The miRNA expression differs from muscle tissue and there are differences between the miRNA expressed in the NP and AF. The miRNAs identified control signaling pathways important for maintenance of the IVD. Future studies may determine the importance of miRNA in the development of IVD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Ohrt-Nissen
- Genomic Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Li F, Liu J, Li S. MicorRNA 106b ∼ 25 cluster and gastric cancer. Surg Oncol 2013; 22:e7-10. [PMID: 23510949 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Conventional strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer are not yet satisfactory, and it calls for better diagnosis and treatments based on a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms. It has been revealed that the number of verified human microRNA (miRNA) expression contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Among them, miR-106b ∼ 25 cluster is of particular interest. The miRNA-106b ∼ 25 cluster is composed of the highly conserved miRNA-106b, miRNA-93 and miRNA-25. The miRNA-106b ∼ 25 polycistron exerted potential proliferative, anti-apoptotic and cell cycle-promoting effects on cancer cells. Over-expression of the miRNA-106b ∼ 25 cluster is known to overcome TGF-beta mediated growth suppression via targeting p21 and Bim. This cluster can additionally target the inhibitory Smad7 protein and increase TGF-beta RI which is sufficient to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MiRNA-93 can promote angiogenesis. The tumor suppressor genes RB and PTEN are the direct targets of miRNA-106b ∼ 25. Especially, miRNA-106b ∼ 25 clusters play an important role in oncogenesis of gastric cancer. Focus on the essential role in tumorgenisis and extremely low expression of miRNA-106b ∼ 25 in normal tissues, it maybe an appropriate target of gastric cancer treatment and a novel biomarkers for detecting gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxuan Li
- Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼22 nucleotide single-stranded RNA molecules that originate from hairpin precursors and regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by basepairing with target messenger RNA and blocking its translation or inducing its degradation. miRNAs play important roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, proliferation, differentiation, cell fate determination, apoptosis, signal transduction, host-viral interactions, and tumorigenesis. Methodological advances in miRNA studies allowed identification of biological roles for many miRNAs, and establishing the spatiotemporal expression patterns of miRNAs is one of the approaches to elucidate their biological functions. Expression pattern analysis of miRNAs helps to identify potential genetic interactors that exhibit similar expression patterns and this, combined with further supporting experiments, helps to identify the genetic pathways in which the specific miRNAs are involved. In this chapter, we describe a detailed protocol for the analysis of miRNA expression patterns in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Isik
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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87
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Schraml E, Grillari J. From cellular senescence to age-associated diseases: the miRNA connection. LONGEVITY & HEALTHSPAN 2012; 1:10. [PMID: 24472232 PMCID: PMC3922944 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2395-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence has evolved from an in-vitro model system to study aging in vitro to a multifaceted phenomenon of in-vivo importance as senescent cells in vivo have been identified and their removal delays the onset of age-associated diseases in a mouse model system. From the large emerging class of non-coding RNAs, miRNAs have only recently been functionally implied in the regulatory networks that are modified during the aging process. Here we summarize examples of similarities between the differential expression of miRNAs during senescence and age-associated diseases and suggest that these similarities might emphasize the importance of senescence for the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases. Understanding such a connection on the level of miRNAs might offer valuable opportunities for designing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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88
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Quantum dot-enhanced detection of dual short RNA sequences via one-step template-dependent surface hybridization. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 735:114-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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89
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Zhao B, Jin L, Wei J, Ma Z, Jiang W, Ma L, Jin Y. A simple and fast method for profiling microRNA expression from low-input total RNA by microarray. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:612-6. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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90
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Liu S, Clouthier SG, Wicha MS. Role of microRNAs in the regulation of breast cancer stem cells. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2012; 17:15-21. [PMID: 22331423 PMCID: PMC4364444 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-012-9242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that many human cancers, including breast cancer, are driven and maintained by cancer stem cells (CSCs) which mediate tumor metastasis and contribute to treatment resistance and relapse. Our group was the first to describe "breast cancer stem cells" (BCSCs) characterized by expression of the cell surface markers ESA and CD44 and the absence of expression of the marker CD24. More recently, we have demonstrated that breast cancer cells contain subpopulations with stem cell properties that can be isolated by virtue of their expression of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) as assessed by the Aldefluor assay. Interestingly, these markers identify overlapping, but not identical cell populations. Recent studies have suggested similarities between cancer stem cells and the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) state. Our studies suggest that both normal and malignant breast stem cells exist in distinct, inter-convertible states (EMT and MET), the inter-conversion of which is regulated by microRNAs. EMT-like CSCs have a mesenchymal morphology, are largely quiescent, invasive and characterized by expression of the CSC markers CD24(-)CD44(+) and are EpCAM(-)CD49f(+). In contrast, the MET (mesenchymal epithelial transition) state of CSCs is characterized by active self-renewal and expression of the CSC markers ALDH and EpCAM(+)CD49f(+). A subpopulation of cells expressing both CD24(-)CD44(+) and ALDH may represent cells in transition between these states. This transition is regulated by signals originating in the microenvironment which in turn modulate microRNA networks in the CSC populations. The existence of multiple stem cell states suggests the necessity of developing therapeutic strategies capable of effectively targeting CSCs in all of these states. In addition, since CSC states are regulated by miRNAs, these small non-coding RNAs may be useful therapeutic agents to target CSCs.
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91
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Wu H, Huang M, Cao P, Wang T, Shu Y, Liu P. MiR-135a targets JAK2 and inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:281-8. [PMID: 22310976 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.18943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of tumor suppressors and cell cycle factors in gastric carcinogenesis are well understood; however, the post-transcriptional changes that affect gene expression in gastric cancer are poorly characterized. MiR-135a has been shown to play a role in Hodgkin lymphoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and role of miR-135a in gastric cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that miR-135a expression is downregulated in the majority of human primary gastric cancer tissues (8/11; 73%), compared with pair-matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, compared with the nonmalignant gastric cell line, GES-1, miR-135a expression was substantially downregulated in gastric cancer cell lines of various degrees of differentiation. Target analysis indicated miR-135a directly regulates Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase involved in cytokine receptor signaling pathways. Overexpression of miR-135a significantly downregulated the expression of JAK2 protein and also reduced gastric cancer cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. MiR-135a-mediated JAK2 downregulation also reduced p-STAT3 activation and cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL protein expression. This study suggests that miR-135a may function as a tumor suppressor via targeting JAK to repress p-STAT3 activation, reduce cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL expression and inhibit gastric cancer cell proliferation. These results imply that novel treatment approaches targeting miR-135a may potentially benefit patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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92
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Abstract
MicroRNAs in blood samples have been identified as an important class of biomarkers, which can reflect physiological changes from cancer to brain dysfunction. In this report we identify concordant increases in levels of expression of miR-34a in brain and two components of mouse blood samples, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma, from 2 day old neonates through young adulthood and mid-life to old age at 25 months. Levels of this microRNA's prime target, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), in brain and the two blood-derived specimens decrease with age inversely to miR-34a, starting as early as 4 months old, when appreciable tissue aging has not yet begun. Our results suggest that: 1. Increased miR-34a and the reciprocal decrease of its target, SIRT1, in blood specimens are the accessible biomarkers for age-dependent changes in brain; and 2. these changes are predictors of impending decline in brain function, as early as in young adult mice.
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93
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Heravi-Moussavi A, Anglesio MS, Cheng SWG, Senz J, Yang W, Prentice L, Fejes AP, Chow C, Tone A, Kalloger SE, Hamel N, Roth A, Ha G, Wan ANC, Maines-Bandiera S, Salamanca C, Pasini B, Clarke BA, Lee AF, Lee CH, Zhao C, Young RH, Aparicio SA, Sorensen PHB, Woo MMM, Boyd N, Jones SJM, Hirst M, Marra MA, Gilks B, Shah SP, Foulkes WD, Morin GB, Huntsman DG. Recurrent somatic DICER1 mutations in nonepithelial ovarian cancers. N Engl J Med 2012; 366:234-42. [PMID: 22187960 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline truncating mutations in DICER1, an endoribonuclease in the RNase III family that is essential for processing microRNAs, have been observed in families with the pleuropulmonary blastoma-family tumor and dysplasia syndrome. Mutation carriers are at risk for nonepithelial ovarian tumors, notably sex cord-stromal tumors. METHODS We sequenced the whole transcriptomes or exomes of 14 nonepithelial ovarian tumors and noted closely clustered mutations in the region of DICER1 encoding the RNase IIIb domain of DICER1 in four samples. We then sequenced this region of DICER1 in additional ovarian tumors and in certain other tumors and queried the effect of the mutations on the enzymatic activity of DICER1 using in vitro RNA cleavage assays. RESULTS DICER1 mutations in the RNase IIIb domain were found in 30 of 102 nonepithelial ovarian tumors (29%), predominantly in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (26 of 43, or 60%), including 4 tumors with additional germline DICER1 mutations. These mutations were restricted to codons encoding metal-binding sites within the RNase IIIb catalytic centers, which are critical for microRNA interaction and cleavage, and were somatic in all 16 samples in which germline DNA was available for testing. We also detected mutations in 1 of 14 nonseminomatous testicular germ-cell tumors, in 2 of 5 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, and in 1 of 266 epithelial ovarian and endometrial carcinomas. The mutant DICER1 proteins had reduced RNase IIIb activity but retained RNase IIIa activity. CONCLUSIONS Somatic missense mutations affecting the RNase IIIb domain of DICER1 are common in nonepithelial ovarian tumors. These mutations do not obliterate DICER1 function but alter it in specific cell types, a novel mechanism through which perturbation of microRNA processing may be oncogenic. (Funded by the Terry Fox Research Institute and others.).
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of gene expression. By degrading or blocking translation of messenger RNA targets, these non-coding RNAs can modulate the expression of more than half the protein-coding genes in mammalian genomes. MiRNAs play important regulatory roles in a variety of cellular functions and in several diseases, including cancer. Aberrant miRNA expression has been well characterized in cancer, with implications for progression and prognosis. Recently, the discovery of miRNAs in body fluids, such as serum and plasma, opens up the possibility of using them as noninvasive biomarkers of disease and therapy response. In this chapter, we discuss the use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of disease and therapy response and as diagnostic and prognostic markers in breast cancer. We also discuss the main issues related to establishing circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in cancer.
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95
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Zhong R, Flack K, Zhong W. Automatic extraction and processing of small RNAs on a multi-well/multi-channel (M&M) chip. Analyst 2012; 137:5546-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35883b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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96
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Perdomo C, Spira A, Schembri F. MiRNAs as regulators of the response to inhaled environmental toxins and airway carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 2011; 717:32-37. [PMID: 21549133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of small, noncoding RNAs averaging 22 nucleotides in length that down-regulate gene expression by complimentary binding to the 3' UTR of target genes. A growing body of research suggests that these small RNA species play significant roles in modulating the cellular response to a variety of types of stress. In this review, we summarize the available literature regarding the general response of miRNA to cellular stress, and then specifically focus on the miRNA response to inhaled toxins. These miRNA responses to inhaled toxins appear to be recapitulated in lung carcinogenesis, opening the possibility that modulation of the miRNA response could be a novel strategy for chemoprevention.
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97
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Abstract
Plant development progresses through distinct phases: vegetative growth, followed by a reproductive phase and eventually seed set and senescence. The transitions between these phases are controlled by distinct genetic circuits that integrate endogenous and environmental cues. In recent years, however, it has become evident that the genetic networks that underlie these phase transitions share some common factors. Here, we review recent advances in the field of plant phase transitions, highlighting the role of two microRNAs - miR156 and miR172 - and their respective targets during these transitions. In addition, we discuss the evolutionary conservation of the functions of these miRNAs in regulating the control of plant developmental phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Huijser
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
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98
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Luzna P, Gregar J, Uberall I, Radova L, Prochazka V, Ehrmann J. Changes of microRNAs-192, 196a and 203 correlate with Barrett's esophagus diagnosis and its progression compared to normal healthy individuals. Diagn Pathol 2011; 6:114. [PMID: 22094011 PMCID: PMC3268741 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a disease with a rising prevalence in western countries probably due to the unhealthy lifestyle. In significant number of cases it develops to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Two decades ago, important gene regulators (microRNAs) were discovered and their attendance in the process of malignant transformation was demonstrated (e.g. miR-192, 196a, 203). Our aim was to select the patients with the increased risk of malignant transformation before the cancer develops. METHODS 71 patients with BE disease were selected, slides from FFPE blocks were prepared, the lesions were microdissected and a qPCR relative expression analysis for selected microRNAs (generally known to be connected with malignant transformation process) was carried out. RESULTS We demonstrated unequivocal statistically significant upregulation of two microRNAs (miR-192, 196a) and downregulation of miR-203 and positive miR-196a correlation with progression from intestinal metaplasia to adenocarcinoma compared to normal individuals. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that there do exist changes of selected microRNAs which can undoubtedly distinguish the patients with BE from normal healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Luzna
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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99
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Belair C, Baud J, Chabas S, Sharma CM, Vogel J, Staedel C, Darfeuille F. Helicobacter pylori interferes with an embryonic stem cell micro RNA cluster to block cell cycle progression. SILENCE 2011; 2:7. [PMID: 22027184 PMCID: PMC3212895 DOI: 10.1186/1758-907x-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs, post-transcriptional regulators of eukaryotic gene expression, are implicated in host defense against pathogens. Viruses and bacteria have evolved strategies that suppress microRNA functions, resulting in a sustainable infection. In this work we report that Helicobacter pylori, a human stomach-colonizing bacterium responsible for severe gastric inflammatory diseases and gastric cancers, downregulates an embryonic stem cell microRNA cluster in proliferating gastric epithelial cells to achieve cell cycle arrest. RESULTS Using a deep sequencing approach in the AGS cell line, a widely used cell culture model to recapitulate early events of H. pylori infection of gastric mucosa, we reveal that hsa-miR-372 is the most abundant microRNA expressed in this cell line, where, together with hsa-miR-373, it promotes cell proliferation by silencing large tumor suppressor homolog 2 (LATS2) gene expression. Shortly after H. pylori infection, miR-372 and miR-373 synthesis is highly inhibited, leading to the post-transcriptional release of LATS2 expression and thus, to a cell cycle arrest at the G1/S transition. This downregulation of a specific cell-cycle-regulating microRNA is dependent on the translocation of the bacterial effector CagA into the host cells, a mechanism highly associated with the development of severe atrophic gastritis and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS These data constitute a novel example of host-pathogen interplay involving microRNAs, and unveil the couple LATS2/miR-372 and miR-373 as an unexpected mechanism in infection-induced cell cycle arrest in proliferating gastric cells, which may be relevant in inhibition of gastric epithelium renewal, a major host defense mechanism against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Belair
- Univ, Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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100
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Duan D, Zheng KX, Shen Y, Cao R, Jiang L, Lu Z, Yan X, Li J. Label-free high-throughput microRNA expression profiling from total RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39:e154. [PMID: 21976734 PMCID: PMC3239174 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key biological regulators and promising disease markers whose detection technologies hold great potentials in advancing fundamental research and medical diagnostics. Currently, miRNAs in biological samples have to be labeled before being applied to most high-throughput assays. Although effective, these labeling-based approaches are usually labor-intensive, time-consuming and liable to bias. Besides, the cross-hybridization of co-existing miRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs) is not adequately addressed in most assays that use total RNA as input. Here, we present a hybridization-triggered fluorescence strategy for label-free, microarray-based high-throughput miRNA expression profiling. The total RNA is directly applied to the microarray with a short fluorophore-linked oligonucleotide Universal Tag which can be selectively captured by the target-bound probes via base-stacking effects. This Stacking-Hybridized Universal Tag (SHUT) assay has been successfully used to analyze as little as 100 ng total RNA from human tissues, and found to be highly specific to homogenous miRNAs. Superb discrimination toward single-base mismatch at the 5′ or 3′ end has been demonstrated. Importantly, the pre-miRNAs generated negligible signals, validating the direct use of total RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Duan
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
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