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Azim AA, Aksel H, Margaret Jefferson M, Huang GTJ. Comparison of sodium hypochlorite extrusion by five irrigation systems using an artificial root socket model and a quantitative chemical method. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1055-1061. [PMID: 28748298 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This is to compare the volumes of irrigant apically extruded by five irrigation systems in an artificial socket model simulating clinical conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty extracted human single-rooted teeth were enlarged to size 40/04 and then embedded in silicone impression material. The root canal space was irrigated with nominal 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) using standard needle irrigation (SNI) with a 30-gauge notched needle, EndoActivator (EA), XP Endo Finisher (XP Endo), EndoVac (EV), and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS). Extruded NaOCl was collected, reacted with taurine to form taurine-monochloramine, and absorbance of taurine-monochloramine was measured at 252 nm using a spectrophotometer. The five irrigation systems were compared with repeated measures ANOVA and pairwise comparisons. RESULTS The EV group had very low extrusion (mean ± SD = 0.12 ± 0.2 μL) and differed significantly from the other four groups (P ≤ 0.001). Larger volumes of irrigant were extruded in the other irrigation groups. There were no significant differences in the extruded volumes among the SNI (7.4 ± 3.4 μL), EA (7.0 ± 6.1 μL), and XP Endo (7.8 ± 4.1 μL) groups (P = 1). The PIPS group had the highest mean extruded volume (12.9 ± 6.8 μL) and differed significantly from SNI (P = 0.030), EV (P < 0.0005), and EA (P = 0.02), but not XP Endo (P = 0.154). CONCLUSION Under the in vitro conditions of this study, irrigant extrusion appears unavoidable unless negative pressure irrigation such as EV is used. PIPS extrudes more irrigant than other systems, while SNI, EA, and XP Endo extrude similar volumes of irrigant. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings help clinicians select the optimal irrigation system to avoid irrigant extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adham A Azim
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Union Avenue, Laboratory, Cancer Research Building, 19 S. Manassas St. Lab Rm 255, office 256, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.,Department of Periodontics & Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hacer Aksel
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Union Avenue, Laboratory, Cancer Research Building, 19 S. Manassas St. Lab Rm 255, office 256, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Margaret Jefferson
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Union Avenue, Laboratory, Cancer Research Building, 19 S. Manassas St. Lab Rm 255, office 256, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - George T-J Huang
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Union Avenue, Laboratory, Cancer Research Building, 19 S. Manassas St. Lab Rm 255, office 256, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Kfir A, Moza-Levi R, Herteanu M, Weissman A, Wigler R. Apical extrusion of debris during the preparation of oval root canals: a comparative study between a full-sequence SAF system and a rotary file system supplemented by XP-endo finisher file. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:707-713. [PMID: 28608053 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the amount of apically extruded debris during the preparation of oval canals with either a rotary file system supplemented by the XP-endo Finisher file or a full-sequence self-adjusting file (SAF) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to two groups: group A: stage 1-glide path preparation with Pre-SAF instruments. Stage 2-cleaning and shaping with SAF. Group B: stage 1-glide path preparation with ProGlider file. Stage 2-cleaning and shaping with ProTaper Next system. Stage 3-Final cleaning with XP-endo Finisher file. The debris extruded during each of the stages was collected, and the debris weights were compared between the groups and between the stages within the groups using t tests with a significance level set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The complete procedure for group B resulted in significantly more extruded debris compared to group A. There was no significant difference between the stages in group A, while there was a significant difference between stage 2 and stages 1 and 3 in group B, but no significant difference between stages 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS Both instrumentation protocols resulted in extruded debris. Rotary file followed by XP-endo Finisher file extruded significantly more debris than a full-sequence SAF system. Each stage, in either procedure, had its own contribution to the extrusion of debris. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Final preparation with XP-endo Finisher file contributes to the total amount of extruded debris, but the clinical relevance of the relative difference in the amount of apically extruded debris remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda Kfir
- Department of Endodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rotem Moza-Levi
- Department of Endodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Herteanu
- Department of Endodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Weissman
- Department of Endodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronald Wigler
- Department of Endodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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53
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Silva PB, Krolow AM, Pilownic KJ, Casarin RP, Lima RKP, Leonardo RDT, Pappen FG. Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigants Using Different Irrigation Needles. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:192-5. [PMID: 27058383 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of irrigation tip, root canal curvature and final apical diameter on periapical debris and irrigant extrusion during root canal instrumentation. After being classified as mildly or moderately curved, the mesiobuccal root canals of 90 human molars were instrumented. The teeth were allocated into three groups according to the used needle type: a flat open-end needle (Group 1), a side-vented needle (Group 2) or a double side-vented needle (Group 3). The amount of extruded material after instrumentation was calculated for each group. The differences in irrigant and debris extrusion between the experimental groups were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Irrigation tips and final instrument diameter differences were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multiple groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test with a Bonferroni correction at α=0.05. The amount of extruded material from the double side-vented needle was significantly less than the open-ended flat needle (p=0.008), but there was no difference compared to the side-vented needle (p=0.929). The results showed no effect of root curvature and final apical diameter on the amount of irrigant and debris extrusion (p>0.05). The double side-vented needles generated the least material extrusion to the periapical tissues. Irrigation needle type had the greatest influence on periapical irrigant and debris extrusion and the double side-vented needles may be safely used during endodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Barcellos Silva
- Department of Semiology and Clinics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica Mohnsam Krolow
- Department of Semiology and Clinics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic
- Department of Semiology and Clinics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Picanço Casarin
- Department of Semiology and Clinics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Regina Karla Pontes Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato de Toledo Leonardo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
- Department of Semiology and Clinics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Delvarani A, Mohammadzadeh Akhlaghi N, Aminirad R, Tour Savadkouhi S, Vahdati SA. In vitro Comparison of Apical Debris Extrusion Using Rotary and Reciprocating Systems in Severely Curved Root Canals. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2017; 12:34-37. [PMID: 28179921 PMCID: PMC5282376 DOI: 10.22037/iej.2017.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the amount of apically extruded debris after root canal preparation using rotary and reciprocating systems in severely curved root canals. Methods and Materials: Thirty six extracted human mandibular first molars with 25-35° curvature in their mesiobuccal (MB) canal (according to Schneider’s method) were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper and WaveOne systems. The extruded debris was collected and their net weight was calculated. To compare the efficiency of the two systems, the operation time was also measured. The data were analyzed with t-test. Results: The amount of extruded debris in WaveOne group was significantly greater in comparison with ProTaper group (26%). The operating time for ProTaper was however, significantly longer than WaveOne. Conclusion: Both root preparation systems caused some degree of debris extrusion through the apical foramen. However, this amount was greater in WaveOne instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Delvarani
- Dental Material Research Center, Dental Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Mohammadzadeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Endodontics, Cranio-maxillo-facial Research Center, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Liu M, Xiong S, Tan F, Liu Y. Less extrusion debris during the retreatment of curved canals using twisted files with higher rotational speeds: an ex vivo study. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:45. [PMID: 28093082 PMCID: PMC5240412 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Debris extrusion from the apical foramen can be problematic in severely curved canals. This study aimed to assess the use of Twisted Files (TF) at different rotational speeds during retreatment, compared with manual technique using Triple-Flex Files (TFF). METHODS Forty-eight mesiobuccal root canals were randomized to four groups (n = 12 per group). In groups A, B, and C, gutta-percha was removed using TF at 500, 1000, and 1500 rpm, respectively, while it was removed using TFF in group D. Apical debris was collected in a pre-weighed centrifuge tube. The weight of dry debris was assessed by comparing the pre- and post-instrumentation weight for each group. RESULTS Instrumentation in group D (0.69 ± 0.04 mg) extruded significantly more debris than any of the TF groups (A: 0.54 ± 0.05 mg; B: 0.48 ± 0.04 mg; C: 0.42 ± 0.03 mg; all P < 0.001). In addition, increasing the rotational speed of TF decreased the amount of extruded debris (A vs. B: P = 0.006; B vs. C: P < 0.001; A vs. C: P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TF at 1500 rpm produced less apical extrusion debris than other TF operating speeds and TFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdong Liu
- School of Dentistry, Shandong University, 44, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021 Shandong Province China
| | - Shijiang Xiong
- School of Dentistry, Shandong University, 44, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Fei Tan
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021 Shandong Province China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021 Shandong Province China
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Keskin C, Sariyilmaz E, Sariyilmaz O. Effect of solvents on apically extruded debris and irrigant during root canal retreatment using reciprocating instruments. Int Endod J 2017; 50:1084-1088. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Keskin
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ondokuz Mayıs University; Samsun
| | - E. Sariyilmaz
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ordu University; Ordu Turkey
| | - O. Sariyilmaz
- Endodontics Clinics; Ordu Oral and Dental Health Center; Ordu Turkey
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Singbal K, Jain D, Raja K, Hoe TM. Comparative evaluation of apically extruded debris during root canal instrumentation using two Ni-Ti single file rotary systems: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:64-67. [PMID: 28855748 PMCID: PMC5564245 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.212236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apical extrusion of debris during instrumentation is detrimental to the patient. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical extrusion of debris during root canal instrumentation using two single file rotary Ni-Ti systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty freshly extracted mandibular premolars with straight roots were sterilized and divided into two groups instrumented using: One Shape rotary Ni-Ti system with Endoflare orifice shaper (Group 1) and Neo-Niti rotary Ni-Ti system with C1 orifice shaper (Group 2). Preweighed Eppendorf tubes fitted for each tooth before instrumentation. During instrumentation, 1 mL of distilled water with a 30-gauge needle was used to irrigate after every instrument. Tips of the tooth were irrigated with 2 ml distilled water after removal from Eppendorf tubes. The total volume of irrigant in each group was the same 8 ml. All tubes were incubated at 68°C for 15 days and subsequently weighed. The difference between pre- and post-debris weights was calculated, and statistical analysis was performed using independent t-test and level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS The difference between pre- and post-weights was significantly greater for the One Shape system. CONCLUSIONS The Neolix Niti single file was associated with less extrusion compared to One Shape single file system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Singbal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Mahsa University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Disha Jain
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, K.M. Shah Dental College, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Kranthi Raja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Mahsa University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tan Ming Hoe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Mahsa University, Selangor, Malaysia
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Subbiya A, Cherkas PS, Vivekanandhan P, Geethapriya N, Malarvizhi D, Mitthra S. Effect of three different rotary instrumentation systems on postinstrumentation pain: A randomized clinical trial. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:467-473. [PMID: 29430103 PMCID: PMC5799997 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_350_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endodontic instrumentation is liable to cause some postinstrumentation pain (PIP). Rotary endodontic instruments differ in their design, metallurgy, surface treatment, etc. Aim: This randomized clinical trial aimed to assess the incidence of PIP after root canal instrumentation with three different rotary endodontic systems which differ in their design, namely, ProTaper, Mtwo, and K3. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients between the ages of 25 and 50 were chosen for the study. Teeth with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis due to carious exposure were selected. The patients received local anesthesia by inferior alveolar nerve block. After preparing the access cavity, root canal instrumentation was done with one of the three instruments (n = 50) and closed dressing was given. PIP was assessed every 12 h for 5 days, and tenderness to percussion was analyzed at the end of 1, 3, and 7 days. Statistical Analysis: Mann–Whitney U-test to determine significant differences at P < 0.01. Results: The PIP and tenderness were less in Mtwo group when compared to ProTaper and K3 groups up to 84 h and 72 h respectively and statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between ProTaper and K3 both in PIP and tenderness. Conclusion: Rotary endodontic instrumentation causes some degree of PIP and tenderness to percussion. Among the instruments used, Mtwo causes less PIP and tenderness when compared to ProTaper and K3, and there was no difference between ProTaper and K3. Clinical Relevance: PIP is highly subjective and may vary among different subjects. The apical (3 mm) taper of ProTaper was 0.08 followed by a smaller taper, whereas, the other two files were of a constant 0.06 taper, which means there could have been a greater apical extrusion and therefore more PIP. Despite, the mean of the age was similar, there could have been a difference in the size of the canal and therefore a difference in apical extrusion and PIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunajatesan Subbiya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pavel S Cherkas
- Department of Oral Physiology and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paramasivam Vivekanandhan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Geethapriya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Malarvizhi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Mitthra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chi CW, Deng YL, Lee JW, Lin CP. Fracture resistance of dental nickel-titanium rotary instruments with novel surface treatment: Thin film metallic glass coating. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 116:373-379. [PMID: 27502895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Dental nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments are widely used in endodontic therapy because they are efficient with a higher success rate. However, an unpredictable fracture of instruments may happen due to the surface characteristics of imperfection (or irregularity). This study assessed whether a novel surface treatment could increase fatigue fracture resistance of dental NiTi rotary instruments. METHODS A 200- or 500-nm thick Ti-zirconium-boron (Ti-Zr-B) thin film metallic glass was deposited on ProTaper Universal F2 files using a physical vapor deposition process. The characteristics of coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. In cyclic fatigue tests, the files were performed in a simulated root canal (radius=5 mm, angulation=60°) under a rotating speed of 300rpm. The fatigue fractured cross sections of the files were analyzed with their fractographic performances through scanning electron microscopy images. RESULTS The amorphous structure of the Ti-Zr-B coating was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The surface of treated files presented smooth morphologies without grinding irregularity. For the 200- and 500-nm surface treatment groups, the coated files exhibited higher resistance of cyclic fatigue than untreated files. In fractographic analysis, treated files showed significantly larger crack-initiation zone; however, no significant differences in the areas of fatigue propagation and catastrophic fracture were found compared to untreated files. CONCLUSION The novel surface treatment of Ti-Zr-B thin film metallic glass on dental NiTi rotary files can effectively improve the fatigue fracture resistance by offering a smooth coated surface with amorphous microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Chi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Deng
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Wei Lee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Center for Thin Films Technologies and Applications, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei, Taiwan; College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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60
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Chi CW, Li CC, Lin CP, Shin CS. Cyclic fatigue behavior of nickel-titanium dental rotary files in clinical simulated root canals. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 116:306-312. [PMID: 27375047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Dental rotary instruments can be applied in multiple conditions of canals, but unpredictable fatigue fracture may happen. This study evaluated the fatigue lives of two batches of nickel-titanium (NiTi) dental rotary files operating in clinically simulated root canals. METHODS Single-step cyclic fatigue tests were carried out to assess the performance of two batches of NiTi files (ProTaper and ProFile) in nine combinations of simulated canals (cylinder radii 5 mm, 7.5 mm, and 10 mm, and insertion angles 20°, 40°, and 60°). Two-step cyclic fatigue tests were carried out in simulated root canals with the same radius by using the following two sets of insertion angles: (20°, 40°), (20°, 60°), (40°, 20°), and (60°, 20°). Fracture surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The single-step cyclic fatigue results showed that cyclic fatigue lives of the files decreased with increasing insertion angles or decreasing cylinder radius. The ProFile #25 .04 file was more fatigue resistant than the ProTaper F2 file. In two-step cyclic fatigue tests, the total fatigue lives were usually more than 100% when the files operated at a lower strain and then at a higher strain. By scanning electron microscopy, a larger area of fatigue striation corresponded to a longer fatigue life. CONCLUSION Cyclic fatigue life can be influenced by the strains and geometries of files. The fatigue life was prolonged when the files operated at a lower strain and then at a higher strain. However, the fatigue life was shortened if the loading sequence was reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Chi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry and National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry and National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chow-Shing Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Vivekanandhan P, Subbiya A, Mitthra S, Karthick A. Comparison of apical debris extrusion of two rotary systems and one reciprocating system. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:245-9. [PMID: 27217638 PMCID: PMC4872579 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative inflammation and endodontic failure occur due to apical extrusion of debris. AIM To evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris after preparation of straight root canals in extracted human teeth using three rotary systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty single-rooted human teeth with single root canal and apical foramen were selected and randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 20) according to the rotary system used: Group 1 - ProTaper, Group 2 - Revo-S, Group 3 - WaveOne. Apical enlargement was done up to size 40/0.06 for Groups 1 and 2 and 40/0.08 for Group 3. For debris collection, each tooth was held in a preweighed Eppendorf tube fixed inside a glass vial through rubber plug. After instrumentation, each tooth was separated from the Eppendorf tube and the debris adhering to the root surface was collected by washing the root with 1 mL of bi-distilled water and incubated at 70°C for 5 days. The dry weight of extruded debris was weighed in an electronic balance. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The mean weights of extruded debris were statistically analyzed using GraphPad prism version 6 and the intergroup comparison was done using unpaired t-test. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the mean debris score among all the three groups - ProTaper (0.00065 g), Revo-S (0.00045 g) and WaveOne (0.00089 g). CONCLUSION Revo-S system was associated with significantly less debris extrusion compared with ProTaper or WaveOne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramasivam Vivekanandhan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunajatesan Subbiya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Mitthra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Karthick
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shokraneh A, Ajami M, Farhadi N, Hosseini M, Rohani B. Postoperative endodontic pain of three different instrumentation techniques in asymptomatic necrotic mandibular molars with periapical lesion: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:413-418. [PMID: 27041109 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare postoperative pain of root canal treatment in patients with asymptomatic mandibular molar teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical lesion using three different instrumentation techniques: hand, multi-file rotary (ProTaper Universal), and reciprocating single-file (Wave-One) instrumentation techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six patients who fulfilled specific inclusion criteria were assigned to three groups according to the root canal instrumentation technique used: Hand (G1), ProTaper Universal (G2), and Wave-One (G3). One-visit root canal treatment was carried out, and the severity of the postoperative pain was assessed by the Heft-Parker visual analogue scale 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, χ 2, Cochrane Q, one-way ANOVA, and Spearman's correlation analyses (α = 0.05). RESULTS The patients in group 3 reported significantly lower postoperative pain levels at 6, 12, and 18 h compared with the patients in the two other groups (P < .05). In addition, the patients in group 2 reported significantly lower postoperative pain levels at 6 and 12 h compared with the patients in group 1 (P < .05). There were no significant differences in postoperative pain between the three groups at other time intervals (P > .05). The analgesic consumption was significantly higher in group 1 (P < .05), but no difference was seen between the two other groups (P > .05). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Postoperative pain was significantly lower in patients undergoing root canal instrumentation with the Wave-One file compared with the ProTaper Universal and hand files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shokraneh
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8174755153, Iran.
| | - Majid Ajami
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8174755153, Iran
| | - Nastaran Farhadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hosseini
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bita Rohani
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Altunbas D, Kutuk B, Toyoglu M, Kutlu G, Kustarci A, Er K. Reciproc versus Twisted file for root canal filling removal: assessment of apically extruded debris. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent 2016; 50:31-37. [PMID: 28955563 PMCID: PMC5573529 DOI: 10.17096/jiufd.96734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris during endodontic retreatment with different file systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were used in this study. Root canals of the teeth were instrumented and filled before being randomly assigned to three groups. Guttapercha was removed using the Reciproc system, the Twisted File system (TF), and Hedström-files (H-file). Apically extruded debris was collected and dried in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes. The amount of extruded debris was assessed with an electronic balance. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS The Reciproc and TF systems extruded significantly less debris than the H-file (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the Reciproc and TF systems. CONCLUSION All tested file systems caused apical extrusion of debris. Both the rotary file (TF) and the reciprocating single-file (Reciproc) systems were associated with less apical extrusion compared with the H-file.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Altunbas
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
| | - Betul Kutuk
- Department of Endodontics, Oral and Dental Health Center Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Toyoglu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
| | - Gizem Kutlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
| | - Alper Kustarci
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Turkey
| | - Kursat Er
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Turkey
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Comparison of the Incidence of Postoperative Pain after Using 2 Reciprocating Systems and a Continuous Rotary System: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. J Endod 2016; 42:171-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Soi S, Yadav S, Sharma S, Sharma M. In Vitro Comparison of Apically Extruded Debris during Root Canal Preparation of Mandibular Premolars with Manual and Rotary Instruments. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:131-7. [PMID: 26697144 PMCID: PMC4682008 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. During root canal
preparation, debris extruded beyond the apical foramen may result in
periapical inflammation and postoperative pain. To date no root canal
preparation method has been developed that extrudes no periapical
debris. The purpose of this study was to identify a system leading to
minimal extrusion of debris from the apical foramen. The study was
conducted to comparatively evaluate the amount of apical extrusion of
debris during root canal preparation using hand ProTaper and GT rotary
and RaCe rotary instruments using crown-down technique. Materials and methods.
Ninety freshly extracted human single-rooted mandibular premolars were
equally assigned to three groups (n=30). The root canals were
instrumented using hand ProTaper, GT rotary and RaCe rotary systems.
Debris and irrigant extruded from the apical foramen were collected into
vials. The mean weight of the remaining debris was calculated for each
group and subjected to statistical analysis. Results.
ANOVA was used to compare the mean dry weights of the debris extruded
in the three groups, followedby post hoc Tukey tests for multiple
comparisons the between groups. Highly significant differences were
found in the amount of debris extruded among all the groups
(P<0.001). The ProTaper group exhibited the highest mean debris
weight (0.8293±0.05433 mg) and the RaCe system exhibited the lowest mean
debris weight (0.1280±0.01606 mg). Conclusion. All
the systems tested resulted in apical extrusion of debris. However, the
hand ProTaper files extruded a significantly higher amount of debris
than GT and RaCe systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Soi
- Reader, I.T.S Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, India
| | - Suman Yadav
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Guru Gobind Tricentenary Dental College, Research Center and Hospital, Gurgaon, India
| | - Sumeet Sharma
- Professor and Head of Department, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, India
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Reader, I.T.S Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, India
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Kucukyilmaz E, Savas S, Saygili G, Uysal B. Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris and Irrigant Produced by Different Nickel-Titanium Instrument Systems in Primary Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:864-868. [PMID: 26718292 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of extruded debris and irrigant associated with different single-file systems and one multiple-file system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five newly extracted single rooted primary canine teeth were used in this study. The root canals were instrumented using the reciprocating single-file system, the single-file rotary system and the multiple-file rotary system. A 10(-6) precision micro-balance was used to calculate the amount of extruded debris and irrigant. The incubation period was set as 15 days at 37°C to obtain dry debris. The preparation time for instrumentation was also recorded. The data were statistically analyzed by Manova and Bonferroni adjustment. RESULTS Considering the apically extruded debris, while there was statistically significant difference between Reciproc and OneShape groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was found among the other groups (p > 0.05). In terms of irrigation solution, although significant difference was obtained between the Reciproc and other two groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was obtained between the two rotary instruments (p > 0.05). Instrumentation was significantly faster using Reciproc than with all other instrument (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION All systems caused apical debris and irrigant extrusion. Full-sequences rotary instrumentation systems may be preferable for preparation primary teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study carrying out to compare both apical debris and irrigation solution extrusion with reciprocal and rotary single-file systems with other preparation systems in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Kucukyilmaz
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey, Phone: +902323524040, e-mail:
| | - Selcuk Savas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Saygili
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Uysal
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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67
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Mittal R, Singla MG, Garg A, Dhawan A. A Comparison of Apical Bacterial Extrusion in Manual, ProTaper Rotary, and One Shape Rotary Instrumentation Techniques. J Endod 2015; 41:2040-4. [PMID: 26472680 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apical extrusion of irrigants and debris is an inherent limitation associated with cleaning and shaping of root canals and has been studied extensively because of its clinical relevance as a cause of flare-ups. Many factors affect the amount of extruded intracanal materials. The purpose of this study was to assess the bacterial extrusion by using manual, multiple-file continuous rotary system (ProTaper) and single-file continuous rotary system (One Shape). METHODS Forty-two human mandibular premolars were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis by using a bacterial extrusion model. The teeth were divided into 3 experimental groups (n = 12) and 1 control group (n = 6). The root canals of experimental groups were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions by using manual technique, ProTaper rotary system, or One Shape rotary system. Sterilized saline was used as an irrigant, and bacterial extrusion was quantified as colony-forming units/milliliter. The results obtained were statistically analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance for intergroup comparison and post hoc Tukey test for pair-wise comparison. The level for accepting statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS All the instrumentation techniques resulted in bacterial extrusion, with manual step-back technique exhibiting significantly more bacterial extrusion than the engine-driven systems. Of the 2 engine-driven systems, ProTaper rotary extruded significantly more bacteria than One Shape rotary system (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The engine-driven nickel-titanium systems were associated with less apical extrusion. The instrument design may play a role in amount of extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Mittal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sudha Rustogi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Meenu G Singla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sudha Rustogi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ashima Garg
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sudha Rustogi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anu Dhawan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sudha Rustogi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
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Lu Y, Chen M, Qiao F, Wu L. Comparison of apical and coronal extrusions using reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:92. [PMID: 26251234 PMCID: PMC4527245 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the apical and coronal extrusions by using two reciprocating and two rotary instrumentation systems. Methods Eighty extracted human single-rooted anterior teeth were randomly assigned to four groups. Four different root canal instrumentation systems were used according to the manufacturers instructions, including two reciprocating single-file systems, Reciproc and WaveOne, and two full-sequence rotary BLX and ProTaper instruments. Debris collected from the coronal by the instruments and apical extrusions were quantified respectively. After drying the collections, the mean weight of debris collected from apical and coronal extrusions was assessed using an electronic balance and analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis H and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Statistically significant differences in the apical extrusion were observed among the four groups. Reciproc and WaveOne instruments produced significantly less debris than BLX and ProTaper instruments (P < 0.05). Conclusions All of the systems produced apical extrusion of debris. However, reciprocating single-file systems produced less apical extrusion than full-sequence rotary systems. No relationship was observed between apical and coronal extrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Endodontics and restorative dentistry, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Endodontics and restorative dentistry, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Feng Qiao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Ligeng Wu
- Department of Endodontics and restorative dentistry, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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69
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Silva EJNL, Carapiá MF, Lopes RM, Belladonna FG, Senna PM, Souza EM, De-Deus G. Comparison of apically extruded debris after large apical preparations by full-sequence rotary and single-file reciprocating systems. Int Endod J 2015; 49:700-5. [PMID: 26174577 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris produced by ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne (WO) and Reciproc (R) systems after large apical preparations. METHODOLOGY Sixty mandibular premolars with a single canal were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 15) according to the system used for root canal preparation: PTU, PTN, WO and R groups. Canal preparations were performed up to size 40 in each group. Distilled water was used as an irrigant, and the apically extruded debris from each tooth was collected in pre-weighted glass vials and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed using a microbalance, and the data were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey multiple comparison test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The PTU system was associated with significantly more debris than the other systems (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between PTN, WO and R systems (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS All systems were associated with apical debris extrusion when canals were prepared to a large apical size. The PTU system was associated with more debris extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M F Carapiá
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R M Lopes
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P M Senna
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Labbaf H, Shakeri L, Orduie R, Bastami F. Apical Extrusion of Debris after Canal Preparation with Hand-Files Used Manually or Installed on Reciprocating Air-Driven Handpiece in Straight and Curved Canals. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26213538 PMCID: PMC4509123 DOI: 10.7508/iej.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Apical debris extrusion (DE) subsequent to root canal instrumentation, is one of the most important causes of endodontic flare-ups. The aim of this study was to compare the amount of DE after root canal instrumentation using nickel-titanium (NiTi) hand files with step-back manual technique or installed on reciprocating handpiece. Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on mesiobuccal (MB) roots of extracted maxillary first molars (n=20) and roots of mandibular premolars (n=20) that were randomly divided into two groups (n=20) according to the armamentarium used for canal preparation (air-driven reciprocating handpiece or hand instrumentation). In each group, the MB and premolar roots were prepared with the main apical sizes of 35 and 40, respectively. The extruded debris were collected and weighed. Finally, the mean dry weights were compared using ANOVA and t-test, and Tukey’s Multiple Comparisons Procedures were used to determine the significant differences in amounts of DE. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Regardless of the type of teeth, the mean values of DE, were significantly lower in the handpiece group (P<0.0001). In addition, significantly lower amounts of DE was observed in premolars in similar group (P<0.001). However, this difference was not significant in MB roots of molars (P=0.20). Conclusion: Root canal preparation with reciprocating handpiece can lead to significantly lower debris extrusion than the manual step-back technique. In handpiece-prepared canals, the amount of extruded debris was significantly lower in premolar teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Labbaf
- Endodontic Department, Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Orduie
- Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Bastami
- Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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71
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Yost RA, Bergeron BE, Kirkpatrick TC, Roberts MD, Roberts HW, Himel VT, Sabey KA. Evaluation of 4 Different Irrigating Systems for Apical Extrusion of Sodium Hypochlorite. J Endod 2015; 41:1530-4. [PMID: 26143609 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate NaOCl apical extrusion by using negative apical pressure (EndoVac), sonic agitation (EndoActivator), side-vented needle (Max-i-Probe), and photon induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS 10 mJ and PIPS 20 mJ) laser irrigation in an in vitro gel model. METHODS Extracted mandibular and maxillary central incisors (n = 18) were prepared to size 35/.04 and 55/.04, respectively. Teeth were mounted in transparent containers with clear acrylic and suspended in a color-changing pH-sensitive gel, creating a closed system. By using a crossover design, each tooth was sequentially irrigated by using 6% NaOCl with each device following manufacturers' recommendations. Each tooth served as its own control. Pre-irrigation and post-irrigation buccal and proximal view photographs served to measure the longest distance of extrusion and were analyzed with ImageJ software. Mean results were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc test (P < .05). RESULTS There were no significant differences between EndoVac, EndoActivator, and the passive extrusion groups. The EndoVac and EndoActivator groups produced significantly less extrusion than PIPS irrigation. Max-i-Probe extrusion results were more variable than those of EndoActivator but had no significant difference. Across all irrigation systems, there were no significant differences with respect to apical preparation size. CONCLUSIONS Under the in vitro conditions of this study, no difference was found between the 10 mJ and 20 mJ PIPS laser groups. EndoVac demonstrated significantly less potential for apical extrusion than PIPS and Max-i-Probe, whereas apical preparation size did not significantly affect extrusion of irrigant. The potential for apical extrusion of endodontic irrigants should be a consideration when selecting a system for final irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Yost
- Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi
| | | | | | - Mark D Roberts
- Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi
| | | | - Van T Himel
- Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kent A Sabey
- Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Karataş E, Arslan H, Kırıcı DÖ, Alsancak M, Çapar İD. Quantitative evaluation of apically extruded debris with Twisted File Adaptive instruments in straight root canals: reciprocation with different angles, adaptive motion and continuous rotation. Int Endod J 2015; 49:382-5. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Karataş
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - H. Arslan
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - D. Ö. Kırıcı
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - M. Alsancak
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - İ. D. Çapar
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; İzmir Katip Çelebi University; İzmir Turkey
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73
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Comparison of the Effect of Root Canal Preparation by Using WaveOne and ProTaper on Postoperative Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Endod 2015; 41:575-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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74
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Ustun Y, Aslan T, Sagsen B, Kesim B. The effects of different nickel-titanium instruments on dentinal microcrack formations during root canal preparation. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:41-46. [PMID: 25713483 PMCID: PMC4319298 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.149638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of dentinal microcracks caused by different preparation techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 extracted human mandibular incisor teeth were divided into five experimental groups and one control group (n = 20): Group 1: Hand preparation with balanced force technique up to #25 K-file. Group 2: Preparation with only ProTaper F2 instrument in a reciprocating movement. Group 3: Preparation with Reciproc R25 instrument in a reciprocating movement. Group 4: Preparation with ProTaper instruments up to F2 instrument. Group 5: Preparation with ProTaper Next instruments up to X2 instrument. No procedure was applied to control group. The roots were sectioned horizontally at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex and examined. Absence or presence of dentinal microcracks was noted. RESULTS The Chi-square test was performed to compare the appearance of cracked roots between all groups. There were no significant differences among the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, except the hand file and control group, all experimental groups showed microcrack formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Ustun
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | - Tugrul Aslan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | - Burak Sagsen
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | - Bertan Kesim
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
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75
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Dincer AN, Er O, Canakci BC. Evaluation of apically extruded debris during root canal retreatment with several NiTi systems. Int Endod J 2015; 48:1194-8. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Dincer
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bezmialem Vakıf University; İstanbul Turkey
| | - O. Er
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Trakya University; Edirne Turkey
| | - B. C. Canakci
- Private Practice Limited to Endodontics; Kayseri Turkey
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76
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Silva EJNL, Sá L, Belladonna FG, Neves AA, Accorsi-Mendonça T, Vieira VT, De-Deus G, Moreira EJ. Reciprocating Versus Rotary Systems for Root Filling Removal: Assessment of the Apically Extruded Material. J Endod 2014; 40:2077-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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77
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Küçükyilmaz E, Savas S, Saygili G, Uysal B. Assessment of apically extruded debris and irrigant produced by different nickel-titanium instrument systems. Braz Oral Res 2014; 29:1-6. [PMID: 25387860 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the preparation time and the amounts of apically extruded debris and irrigant using different nickel-titanium instrumentation systems. Forty-five extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were selected and divided into three groups. The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions, using a reciprocating single-file system, a single-file rotary system and a multiple-file rotary system. Bidistilled water was used as the irrigant solution. The apically extruded debris and irrigant were collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The amounts of extruded debris and irrigant were assessed with a precision micro-balance. The Eppendorf tubes were incubated at 37°C for 15 days. After the incubation period, they were weighed again to assess the debris extrusion. The time required to prepare the canals was also recorded. The results were statistically analyzed using MANOVA and Bonferroni's adjustment. Considering the apically extruded debris and irrigant, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (p > 0.05). The Reciproc group produced the highest debris (0.000632 ± 0.000162 gr) and irrigant (0.844587 ± 0.437814 ml) extrusion values. While the least extruded debris was observed with OneShape (0,000431 ± 0,000171 gr), the least extruded irrigant was observed with ProTaper system (0.564147 ± 0.370596 ml). Instrumentation was faster using the Reciproc than the other two instruments (70.27 ± 13.38 s) (p < 0.05). All of the instrumentation systems used in this study produced apical debris and irrigant extrusion. The reciprocating single-file system tended to produce more debris and irrigant extrusion, compared with the rotary systems. Considering the preparation time, the single-file systems appeared to be advantageous due to their working time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Küçükyilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Savas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Saygili
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Uysal
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Üstün Y, Çanakçi BC, Dinçer AN, Er O, Düzgün S. Evaluation of apically extruded debris associated with several Ni-Ti systems. Int Endod J 2014; 48:701-4. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Üstün
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - B. C. Çanakçi
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - A. N. Dinçer
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - O. Er
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Trakya University; Edirne Turkey
| | - S. Düzgün
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
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79
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Koçak MM, Çiçek E, Koçak S, Sağlam BC, Yılmaz N. Apical extrusion of debris using ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next rotary systems. Int Endod J 2014; 48:283-6. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Koçak
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bülent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - E. Çiçek
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bülent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - S. Koçak
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bülent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - B. C. Sağlam
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bülent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - N. Yılmaz
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bülent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
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80
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Surakanti JR, Venkata RCP, Vemisetty HK, Dandolu RK, Jaya NKM, Thota S. Comparative evaluation of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation using ProTaper™, Hyflex™ and Waveone™ rotary systems. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:129-32. [PMID: 24778507 PMCID: PMC4001267 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.128045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extrusion of any debris during endodontic treatment may potentially cause post-operative complications such as flare-ups. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the amount of apically extruded debris during the root canal preparation using rotary and reciprocating nickel-titanium instrumentation systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 60 human mandibular first premolars were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 20 teeth/group). The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions using the Reciprocating single-file system WaveOne™ (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and full-sequence rotary Hyflex CM™ (Coltene Whaledent, Allstetten, Switzerland) and ProTaper™ (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) instruments. The canals were then irrigated using bidistilled water. The debris that was extruded apically was collected in preweighed eppendorf tubes and assessed with an electronic balance and compared. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The debris extrusion was compared and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and the post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test. RESULTS The WaveOne™ and ProTaper™ rotary instruments produced significantly more debris compared with Hyflex CM™ rotary instruments (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this study, all systems that were used resulted in extrusion of apical debris. Full-sequence rotary instrumentation was associated with less debris extrusion compared with the use of reciprocating single-file systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaprada Reddy Surakanti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Chandra Polavarapu Venkata
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Kumar Vemisetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Kiran Dandolu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nagendra Krishna Muppalla Jaya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shirisha Thota
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
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81
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De-Deus GA, Nogueira Leal Silva EJ, Moreira EJ, de Almeida Neves A, Belladonna FG, Tameirão M. Assessment of Apically Extruded Debris Produced by the Self-Adjusting File System. J Endod 2014; 40:526-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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82
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Hacer AKSEL, Sevinc ASKERBEYLI, Cigdem CANBAZOGLU, Ahmet SERPER. Effect of needle insertion depth and apical diameter on irrigant extrusion in simulated immature permanent teeth. Braz Oral Res 2014; 28:1-6. [PMID: 25271966 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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83
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Nagaveni SA, Balakoti KR, Smita K, Ratnakar P, Satish SV, Aravind T. Quantitative evaluation of apical extrusion of debris and irrigants using four rotary instrumentation systems: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:1065-9. [PMID: 24858752 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The apical extrusion of infected debris may have the potential to disrupt the balance between microbial aggression and host defense, resulting in incidents of acute inflammation. During preparation, irrigants and debris, such as bacteria, dentin filings and necrotic tissue may be extruded into the periradicular region leading to periapical inflammation and postoperative flare ups. Using an instrumentation technique that minimizes apical extrusion would be beneficial to both the practitioner and patient. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the weight of debris and volume of irrigant extruded apically from extracted teeth in vitro after endodontic instrumentation using four different rotary root canal instrumentation systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups of each 20 extracted mandibular premolars were instrumented using one of the four systems: ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)), Hero-shaper (MicroMega, Besancon, France), RaCe (FKG Dentaire, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) and K3 (SybronEndo, West Collins, CA). Debris and irrigant extruded from the apical foramen during instrumentation were collected in preweighed test tubes. Volume of irrigant extruded was noted. The containers were stored in incubator at 70° for two days to evaporate the moisture. Weight of dry debris was noted. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data was analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance of 0.001. RESULTS The results indicated that all of the instrumentation systems tested caused measurable apical extrusion of debris and irrigants. Higher extrusion was observed with Protaper system which was statistically significant with Hero-Shaper, RaCe and K3 systems. There were no statistical differences between Hero-shaper, K3 and RaCe systems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION All instrumentation techniques apically extruded debris and irrigant. However, Hero-shaper, K3 and RaCe systems produced less extruded debris and irrigant than the Protaper system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aspalli Nagaveni
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AME's Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Bijangere Road, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, India, e-mail:
| | - K Reddy Balakoti
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Karan Smita
- Reader, Department of Periodontics, Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - P Ratnakar
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| | - S V Satish
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - T Aravind
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Rama Dental College, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh, India
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84
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Effect of Patency File on Transportation and Curve Straightening in Canal Preparation with ProTaper System. ISRN DENTISTRY 2013; 2013:704027. [PMID: 24159390 PMCID: PMC3789411 DOI: 10.1155/2013/704027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the effect of using a patency file on apical transportation and curve straightening during canal instrumentation with the ProTaper rotary system. Seventy permanent mandibular first molars with mesiobuccal canals, measuring 18-23 mm in length and with a 25-40° curvature (according to the Schneider method), were selected. The working lengths were determined and the teeth were mounted and divided into two experimental groups: (A) prepared by the ProTaper system without using a patency file (n = 35) and (B) prepared by the ProTaper system using a patency file (n = 35). Radiographs taken before and after the preparation were imported into Photoshop software and the apical transportation, and curve straightening were measured. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Partial correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the initial curvature, transportation, and curve straightening (α = 0.05). Using a patency file during canal preparation significantly decreased both apical transportation and curve straightening (P < 0.001). There were significant relationships between the angle of curvature, transportation and curve straightening in pairs (P < 0.001). Apical patency is recommended during root canal preparation with the ProTaper rotary system.
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85
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Koçak S, Koçak MM, Sağlam BC, Türker SA, Sağsen B, Er Ö. Apical Extrusion of Debris Using Self-Adjusting File, Reciprocating Single-file, and 2 Rotary Instrumentation Systems. J Endod 2013; 39:1278-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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86
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Bürklein S, Benten S, Schäfer E. Quantitative evaluation of apically extruded debris with different single-file systems: Reciproc, F360 and OneShape versus Mtwo. Int Endod J 2013; 47:405-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bürklein
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry; University of Münster; Münster Germany
| | - S. Benten
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry; University of Münster; Münster Germany
| | - E. Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry; University of Münster; Münster Germany
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87
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Tanalp J, Güngör T. Apical extrusion of debris: a literature review of an inherent occurrence during root canal treatment. Int Endod J 2013; 47:211-21. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Tanalp
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Yeditepe University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - T. Güngör
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Yeditepe University; Istanbul Turkey
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88
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Montenegro-Santillán R, Alegre-Domingo T, Faus-Matoses V, Faus-Llácer V. An in vitro comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper universal and GT series X files. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e533-6. [PMID: 23385505 PMCID: PMC3668885 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.18595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of two nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments from ProTaper and GT series X files.
Study Design: Cyclic fatigue test was realized with instruments from ProTaper: F1 and F3 (Denstply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and GT-X: 20.06 and 30.08 (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America). A total of 320 instruments were rotated in 4 curved artificial canals with different angles and radius of curvature. The time and cycles to failure were calculated. The data was compared using a Mann-Whitney, Kruskall-Wallis, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: GT-X files rotated for a significantly longer period of time before separation occurred, thus GT-X files where more resistant to the cyclic fatigue compared with ProTaper.
Conclusion: GT-X files have a greater resistance to cyclic fatigue, this fact can be caused by the use of the Ni-Ti alloy “M-Wire”.
Key words:Endodontics, GT-X files, ProTaper files, cyclic fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Montenegro-Santillán
- Master of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Valencia University Medical and Dental School, Valencia, Spain
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89
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Lu Y, Wang R, Zhang L, Li HL, Zheng QH, Zhou XD, Huang DM. Apically extruded debris and irrigant with two Ni-Ti systems and hand files when removing root fillings: a laboratory study. Int Endod J 2013; 46:1125-30. [PMID: 23566178 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant produced by two Ni-Ti instruments and hand files when removing root fillings, and to compare two experimental models. METHODOLOGY Sixty single straight root canals in human mandibular premolars were prepared with K-files and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 20 for removal of the root filling material with Reciproc files (Group 1, RP), Mtwo retreatment files (Group 2, MR) or hand files (Group 3, H). Each group was then equally divided into experimental subgroups: A, with 1.5% agar gel model (AG); B, with empty tube model (ET). Apically extruded debris and irrigant was quantified by subtracting the initial weight of the test apparatus without a tooth from its weight after the root canal retreatment. Comparative analysis of the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant for each of the instruments and the experimental models was performed. Time for gutta-percha removal was recorded. Data were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Removal of root fillings with two Ni-Ti instruments produced less apically extruded debris and irrigant than hand files in both experimental models (P < 0.05). More apically extruded debris and irrigant was produced with Reciproc files than Mtwo retreatment files using the 1.5% agar gel model (P > 0.05). Significantly more apically extruded debris and irrigant was produced with Reciproc files than Mtwo retreatment files using the empty tube model (P < 0.05). The time required to remove the root fillings followed Reciproc<Mtwo R<hand files (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS All the instruments produced apically extruded debris and irrigant. The two Ni-Ti instruments produced less apically extruded debris and irrigant than hand files. A 1.5% agar gel can provide resistance to apically extruded debris and irrigant and may represent the clinical situation better than the empty tube model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu
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90
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Psimma Z, Boutsioukis C, Vasiliadis L, Kastrinakis E. A new method for real-time quantification of irrigant extrusion during root canal irrigationex vivo. Int Endod J 2012; 46:619-31. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Psimma
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - C. Boutsioukis
- Physics of Fluids Group; Faculty of Science and Technology; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; Enschede; The Netherlands
| | - L. Vasiliadis
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - E. Kastrinakis
- Chemical Engineering Department; School of Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki; Greece
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91
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Moinzadeh AT, Shemesh H, Neirynck NAM, Aubert C, Wesselink PR. Bisphosphonates and their clinical implications in endodontic therapy. Int Endod J 2012; 46:391-8. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-T. Moinzadeh
- Department of Endodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - H. Shemesh
- Department of Endodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - N. A. M. Neirynck
- Department of Internal Medicine; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent, Belgium; Belgium
| | - C. Aubert
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; CHU Charleroi; Charleroi; Belgium
| | - P. R. Wesselink
- Department of Endodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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92
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Caviedes-Bucheli J, Moreno JO, Carreño CP, Delgado R, Garcia DJ, Solano J, Diaz E, Munoz HR. The effect of single-file reciprocating systems on Substance P and Calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in human periodontal ligament. Int Endod J 2012; 46:419-26. [PMID: 23062064 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To quantify the effect of two single-file reciprocating root canal preparation systems on Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in healthy human periodontal ligament (PDL). METHODOLOGY Forty PDL samples were obtained from healthy premolars where extraction was indicated for orthodontic reasons. Prior to extraction, 20 of these premolars were divided equally in two groups, and then, root canals were prepared using one of two different single-file systems: WaveOne and Reciproc. Ten premolars were prepared with hand files and served as a positive control group. The remaining 10 premolars where extracted without treatment and served as a negative control group. All PDL samples were processed, and SP and CGRP were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Greater SP and CGRP expression were found in the hand instrumentation group (1.220 pmol SP and 0.084 pmol CGRP per mg of PDL), followed by the WaveOne group (0.908 pmol SP and 0.046 pmol CGRP per mg of PDL) and the Reciproc group (0.511 pmol SP and 0.022 pmol CGRP per mg of PDL). The lower SP and CGRP values were associated with the intact control group (0.453 pmol SP and 0.018 pmol CGRP per mg of PDL). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences between groups (P < 0.001). Post hoc Tukey HSD tests revealed significant differences in SP and CGRP expression between intact teeth in the control group and all the other groups (P < 0.001) except with the Reciproc group (P = 0.165 and P = 0.42 for SP and CGRP, respectively). Hand instrumentation was associated with significant differences with all the other groups (P < 0.001). Differences between the WaveOne and Reciproc groups were also significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Substance P and CGRP expression in PDL cells increased when teeth were prepared with WaveOne as well as with hand instrumentation. Reciproc maintained SP and CGRP levels in line with the negative control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Caviedes-Bucheli
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Santo Tomas, Floridablanca Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.
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93
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Apically Extruded Debris with Reciprocating Single-File and Full-sequence Rotary Instrumentation Systems. J Endod 2012; 38:850-2. [PMID: 22595125 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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94
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Madhusudhana K, Mathew VB, Reddy NM. Apical extrusion of debris and irrigants using hand and three rotary instrumentation systems − An in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2012; 1:234-6. [PMID: 22114427 PMCID: PMC3220143 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.76390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sterilization of the root canal is a prime aim of successful endodontics. The cleaning and shaping of the canal is directed as achieving this goal. The extrusion of apical debris has a deleterious effect on the prognosis of root canal treatment. Several instrument designs and instrumentation techniques have been developed to prevent this. Materials and Methods: Forty caries free single rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were divided in four groups of ten teeth each. Teeth in each group were instrumented until the working length with rotary ProTaper, K3, Mtwo systems, and hand K-type stainless steel files. Debris and irrigant extruded from the apical foramen were collected into vials and the amounts were quantitatively determined. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results show that all instrumentation techniques produced significant amount of extruded debris and irrigant. The engine-driven nickel-titanium systems showed less apical extrusion of debris and irrigant than manual technique. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups at [P > 0.05]. Maximum apical debris and irrigant extrusion was seen with K-file group and least in the Mtwo group. Conclusions: The use of rotary files and techniques to perform instrumentation does show less extrusion of the debris and irrigant from the apex. This can contribute to more successful endodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koppolu Madhusudhana
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Cinthareddypalem, Nellore,Andhra Pradesh - 524 002, India
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95
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Comparative study of apically extruded debris using one manual and two rotary instrumentation techniques for endodontic retreatment. J Dent Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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96
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Parirokh M, Jalali S, Haghdoost AA, Abbott PV. Comparison of the Effect of Various Irrigants on Apically Extruded Debris after Root Canal Preparation. J Endod 2012; 38:196-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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97
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Borges MFDAE, Miranda CES, Silva SRCD, Marchesan M. Influence of apical enlargement in cleaning and extrusion in canals with mild and moderate curvatures. Braz Dent J 2012; 22:212-7. [PMID: 21915518 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402011000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical microscopy and morphometric analysis were used in this study to evaluate, in vitro, the cleaning of the apical region in root canals with mild or moderate curvatures subjected to biomechanical preparation with a rotary system, as well as to assess the amount of extruded material to the periapical area. Lateral incisors (n = 32), 16 with curvature angles smaller or equal to 10º (GI) and 16 between 11º and 25º angles (GII) were submitted to Hero 642 rotary instrumentation with different surgical diameters: (A) 30.02 and (B) 45.02. Irrigation was performed at each change of instrument with 5 mL of ultrapure Milli-Q water and the extruded material through the apical foramen was collected. Root cross-sections were subjected to histological analysis by optical microscopy (×40) and the images were evaluated morphometrically using the Image Tool software. Quantification of the extruded material was performed by weighing after liquid evaporation. ANOVA showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the groups with respect to the procedures used to clean the apical region. Considering the amount of extruded material, the Tukey's HSD showed that canals with mild curvature prepared with the 45.02 surgical diameter showed significantly higher values (p<0.05) that those of the other groups, which were similar between themselves (p>0.05). In conclusion, the effect of cleaning the apical region did not differ in the groups, considering root curvature and the surgical diameter of instruments used for apical preparation. The amount of extruded material was greater in canals with mild curvature that were prepared with the 45.02 surgical instrument diameter.
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Uezu MKN, Britto MLB, Nabeshima CK, Pallotta RC. Comparison of debris extruded apically and working time used by ProTaper Universal rotary and ProTaper retreatment system during gutta-percha removal. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 18:542-5. [PMID: 21308282 PMCID: PMC3881755 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572010000600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro action of
ProTaper retreatment files and ProTaper Universal in the retreatment of mandibular
premolars. Material and methods The amount of debris extruded apically was measured and the time to reach the
working length and to complete the removal of gutta-percha was observed. Thirty
teeth had their canals prepared using ProTaper Universal files and were obturated
by the single cone technique. The teeth were then stored at 37ºC in a humid
environment for 7 days. During the use of the rotary instruments for root canal
filling removal, the apical portions of the teeth were attached to the open end of
a resin tube to collect the apically extruded debris. Results ProTaper Universal files were significantly faster (p=0.0011) than the ProTaper
retreatment files to perform gutta-percha removal, but no significant difference
was found between the files regarding the time to reach the working length or the
amount of apical extrusion. Conclusions ProTaper Universal rotary had better results for endodontic retreatment, and both
techniques promote similar apical extrusion of debris.
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Comparison of Canal Transportation and Changes in Canal Curvature of Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Endod 2011; 37:1290-2. [PMID: 21846551 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Al-Hadlaq SM. Evaluation of cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of 25/0.04 and 25/0.06 twisted file rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. AUST ENDOD J 2011; 39:62-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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