51
|
Béjaoui A, Ben Salem I, Rokbeni N, M’rabet Y, Boussaid M, Boulila A. Bioactive compounds from Hypericum humifusum and Hypericum perfoliatum: inhibition potential of polyphenols with acetylcholinesterase and key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:906-911. [PMID: 28147885 PMCID: PMC6130493 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1270973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Natural products are reported to have a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cholinesterase. The genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) is a source of a variety of molecules with different biological activities, notably hypericin and various phenolics. OBJECTIVES The goals of the present work were the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, hypericin and hyperforin concentration as well as the evaluation of biological of Hypericum humifusum L. (Hhu) and Hypericum perfoliatum L. (Hper). MATERIALS AND METHODS The various extracts of aerial parts were powdered, and then extracted with methanol. Antibacterial activity was performed according to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) methods against four Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. RESULTS The results revealed that H. humifusum, bear the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content (48-113 mg GAE/g and 8-41 mg RE/g, respectively) as well as hypericin (60-90 mg/g) and hyperforin (8-30 mg/g) concentration. Both species showed significant antioxidant activity as revealed by DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and metal chelating assays. H. humifusum exhibited a strong acetylcholinesterase (3.86-4.57 mg GALAEs/g), α-glucosidase (0.73-2.55 mmol ACEs/g) and α-amylase (3-8 mmol ACEs/g) inhibitory activity. The extract of H. humifusum exhibited strong antibacterial activity mainly against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococus aureus, and Enterococcus faecium (MIC values ranging from 200 to 250 μg/mL). The highest antifungal activity was showed for H. perfoliatum extract (MIC value = 250 μg/mL). CONCLUSION The data suggest that H. humifusum could be used as valuable new natural agents with functional properties for pharmacology industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afef Béjaoui
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Issam Ben Salem
- National Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology (CNSTN), Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Rokbeni
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Yassine M’rabet
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Boussaid
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdennacer Boulila
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Cetinkaya O, Çiçek H, Kıvrak Ş, Çayan G. Boronic acid functionalized silica microparticles for isolation of flavonoids from Hypericum perforatum. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.307440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
53
|
Pei J, Chen A, Zhao L, Cao F, Ding G, Xiao W. One-Pot Synthesis of Hyperoside by a Three-Enzyme Cascade Using a UDP-Galactose Regeneration System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6042-6048. [PMID: 28660766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside exhibits many biological properties and is more soluble in water than quercetin. A uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP) galactose regeneration system and one-pot synthesis of hyperoside was described herein. Glycine max sucrose synthase (GmSUS) was coupled with Escherichia coli UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GalE) to regenerate UDP-galactose from sucrose and UDP. Petunia hybrida glycosyltransferase (PhUGT) with high activity toward quercetin was used to synthesize hyperoside via the UDP-galactose regeneration system. The important factors for optimal synergistic catalysis were determined. Through the use of a fed-batch operation, the final titer of hyperoside increased to 2134 mg/L, with a corresponding molar conversion of 92% and maximum number of UDP-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) of 18.4 under optimal conditions. Therefore, the method described herein for the regeneration of UDP-galactose from UDP and sucrose can be widely used for the glycosylation of flavonoids and other bioactive substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Pei
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass , Nanjing 210037, China
| | | | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass , Nanjing 210037, China
| | | | - Gang Ding
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222001, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Yuk HJ, Oh KY, Kim DY, Song HH, Kim JY, Oh SR, Ryu HW. Metabolomic Profiling, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Hypericum Species Growing in South Korea. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Hypericum species are best known as plants that produce hypericin and are used in folk medicine, their other chemical constituents are poorly understood. Polyphenolic secondary metabolites from whole plants of representative Korean Hypericum species ( H. laxum Koidz., H. erectum Thunb., and H. ascyron L.) were analyzed using a ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)-based approach combined with unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) multivariate analysis. On the loading scatter plot, significant changes in metabolites were found between species, and three flavonol glycosides (8: quercetin-3- O-galactoside, 12: kaempferol-3- O-glucoside, and 13: quercetin-3- O-rhamnoside) were evaluated as key markers among 17 isolated metabolites. The extracts of H. laxum Koidz. exhibited significant quenching effects on DPPH and ABTS radicals, with IC50 values of 10–20 μg/mL, and were slightly higher in total phenol (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents than other species. Additionally, anti-inflammatory activity was observed by reduced nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). This is the first study to report the presence of bioactive metabolites and their correlating biological activities in H. laxum Koidz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heung Joo Yuk
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30-Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Yeol Oh
- Sancheong Oriental Medicinal Herb Institute, Sancheonggun, Gyeongnam, 52215, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30-Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Hwan Song
- Agency for Korea National Food Cluster (AnFC), Iksan, 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Center of Food & Drug Analysis, Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 356-Shinseon-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48562, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30-Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30-Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28116, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Chen QQ, Xi HL, Wang CY, Xu FG, Zhang W. Quantitation of camellianin A in HepG2 cells using a high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:234-240. [PMID: 28411692 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop a sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of Camellianin A in HepG2 cells. The extraction of Camellianin A was achieved using 15% trichloroacetic acid and then separated on a C18 column interfaced with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The mobile phase was consisted of methanol-water (0.1% formic acid) (55 : 45, V/V). The total run time was 5.0 min. The method was linear in the concentration range of 0.25-250.0 ng·mL-1. The lower limit of quantification was 0.25 ng·mL-1. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of entire concentration range were less than 9.3%. The proposed HPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to detect the intracellular concentration of Camellianin A in HepG2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Hai-Ling Xi
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Cai-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Feng-Guo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Kucharíková A, Kusari S, Sezgin S, Spiteller M, Čellárová E. Occurrence and Distribution of Phytochemicals in the Leaves of 17 In vitro Cultured Hypericum spp. Adapted to Outdoor Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1616. [PMID: 27833633 PMCID: PMC5081374 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of plants belonging to the genus Hypericum have been investigated so far owing to the biological efficacies of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites produced by several Hypericum species. However, there is currently a dearth of information about the localization (accumulation) of these compounds in the plants in situ. In particular, the biosynthetic and ecological consequence of acclimatization of in vitro cultured Hypericum spp. to outdoor conditions is not fully known. Herein, we report an application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (MALDI-HRMS) to reveal the distribution of major naphthodianthrones hypericin, pseudohypericin, protohypericin, and their proposed precursor emodin as well as emodin anthrone, along with the phloroglucinol derivative hyperforin, the flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin, rutin and hyperoside (and/or isoquercitrin), and chlorogenic acid in Hypericum leaves. Plants encompassing seventeen Hypericum species classified into eleven sections, which were first cultured in vitro and later acclimatized to outdoor conditions, were studied. We focused both on the secretory (dark and translucent glands, other types of glands, and glandular-like structures) as well as the non-secretory leaf tissues. We comparatively analyzed and interpreted the occurrence and accumulation of our target compounds in different leaf tissues of the seventeen species to get an intra-sectional as well as inter-sectional perspective. The naphthodianthrones, along with emodin, were present in all species containing the dark glands. In selected species, hypericin and pseudohypericin accumulated not only in the dark glands, but also in translucent glands and non-secretory leaf tissues. Although hyperforin was localized mainly in translucent glands, it was present sporadically in the dark glands in selected species. The flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin, and hyperoside (and/or isoquercitrin) were distributed throughout the leaves. Rutin was present only within sections Hypericum, Adenosepalum, Ascyreia, and Psorophytum. Our study provides insights into the prospects and challenges of using in vitro cultured Hypericum plants, further adapted to field conditions, for commercial purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kucharíková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in KošiceKošice, Slovakia
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Eva Čellárová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in KošiceKošice, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Antidepressant-like effects and mechanisms of flavonoids and related analogues. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
58
|
Borawska MH, Naliwajko SK, Moskwa J, Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Puścion-Jakubik A, Soroczyńska J. Anti-proliferative and anti-migration effects of Polish propolis combined with Hypericum perforatum L. on glioblastoma multiforme cell line U87MG. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:367. [PMID: 27647142 PMCID: PMC5029078 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Propolis and Hypericum perforatum L. are natural products which contain many active compounds and have numerous beneficial effects, including an antitumor effect. Gliobmastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. In this study, the effect of propolis (EEP) combined with H. perforatum L. (HPE) on glioblastoma cell line U87MG was investigated for the first time. Methods Anti-proliferative activity of EEP, HPE and their combination (EEP + HPE) was determined by a cytotoxicity test, DNA binding by [3H]-thymidine incorporation and cell migration assay. Anti-metastatic properties in U87MG treated with EEP, HPE and EEP + HPE were estimated on cells migration test (scratch assay) and metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) secretion (gelatin zymography). Results Combination of HPE and EEP extracts was found to have a time- and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the viability of U87MG cells. This effect was significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared to these two extracts applied separately, which was confirmed by the significant reduction of DNA synthesis and significantly higher mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. A significant decreasing in migration cells and in pro-MMP9 and pro-MMP2 secretion in U87MG cells were demonstrated after exposure to combination of EEP (30 μg/ml) with HPE (6.25 μg/ml). Conclusions In this study, the combination of ethanolic extract from propolis and ethanolic extract of fresh-cut H. perforatum L. was proved the ability to reduce invasiveness of glioma cells through the inhibition of MMP2 and MMP9 secretion and suppression of cell migration. It has a more potent anti-proliferative effect on U87MG glioma cell line compared to using propolis and H. perforatum L. separately. Further studies are required to verify whether the examined extracts can activate apoptotic pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1351-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
59
|
Scheggi S, Marandino A, Del Monte D, De Martino L, Pelliccia T, Del Rosario Fusco M, Petenatti EM, Gambarana C, De Feo V. The protective effect of Hypericum connatum on stress-induced escape deficit in rat is related to its flavonoid content. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1782-1792. [PMID: 26731632 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1127979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), used in moderate depression treatment, is active in experimental tests for antidepressant activity. For H. connatum Lam., a South American species lacking hyperforin, antidepressant effects have not been demonstrated. Objective This study evaluates the antidepressant-like effect of H. connatum in rats and identifies the components involved in this activity. Materials and methods First, the effects of acute and 14-d oral administrations of an extract derived from H. connatum aerial parts were studied using the Escape Deficit (ED) test. Next, methanol-extracted flavonoid-enriched fractions B and C and fraction-purified flavonoids (quercetin, rutin and isoquercitrin) were evaluated in the ED test after acute administration. To rule out possible confounding effects of the flavonoids, we examined nociceptive threshold using the tail-flick test and anxious behaviour using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Results Hypericum connatum increased reactivity of unavoidable stress-exposed rats after acute (0.5 and 1 g/kg: ED = 18.6/30 and 19.8/30, respectively) and repeated administration (0.5 g/kg twice daily: ED = 17.8/30). Protective effects were observed for fractions B and C (250 mg/kg: ED = 18.1/30 and 18.8/30, respectively), quercetin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg: ED = 15.3/30, 18.3/30 and 21.6/30, respectively), rutin (5 and 10 mg/kg: ED = 15.4/30 and 13.0/30, respectively) and isoquercitrin (2.5 mg/kg: ED = 19.2/30). The flavonoids did not modify nociceptive threshold or performance in the EPM test. Discussion and conclusion Hypericum connatum showed protective activity in the ED test, a correlate of potential antidepressant-like effects that appeared to be related to the flavonoid components of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Scheggi
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Aurelio Marandino
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Donato Del Monte
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Laura De Martino
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Teresa Pelliccia
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Maria Del Rosario Fusco
- c School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy , National University of San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Elisa M Petenatti
- c School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy , National University of San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Carla Gambarana
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Silva SM, Martinho A, Moreno I, Silvestre S, Granadeiro LB, Alves G, Duarte AP, Domingues F, Gallardo E. Effects of Hypericum perforatum extract and its main bioactive compounds on the cytotoxicity and expression of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 in hepatic cells. Life Sci 2015; 144:30-6. [PMID: 26612349 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypericum perforatum (H. perforatum) is one of the most used medicinal plants. However, it has been associated with relevant interactions with several drugs. This situation is probably mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), namely the 1A2 (CYP1A2) and 2D6 (CYP2D6) isoforms This study aims to assess the cytotoxic and CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 inductive and/or inhibitory effects of a H. perforatum extract and its main bioactive components in hepatic cell lines. MAIN METHODS A MTT proliferation assay was performed in WRL-68, HepG2 and HepaRG cells after exposition to different concentrations of H. perforatum extract, hypericin and hyperforin for 24 and 72 h. Then, a real-time PCR analysis was accomplished after incubating the cells with these products evaluating the relative CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 expression. KEY FINDINGS These products have relevant cytotoxicity at a 10 μM concentration and it was also demonstrated for the first time that H. perforatum can lead to a significant CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 induction in all cell lines. Moreover, hypericin seems to induce CYP1A2 in HepG2 cells and to inhibit its expression in HepaRG cells while hyperforin induced CYP1A2 in HepG2 and in WRL-68 cells. Additionally, hypericin and hyperforin induce CYP2D6 in HepG2 cells but inhibits its expression in HepaRG and in WRL-68 cells. SIGNIFICANCE This study not only evidenced that H. perforatum extract and two of its bioactive components can have toxic effects in hepatic cell lines but also emphasized the potential risk of the consumption of H. perforatum with CYP1A2- and CYP2D6-metabolized drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Silva
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Martinho
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ivo Moreno
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Samuel Silvestre
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC - Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luiza Breitenfeld Granadeiro
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC - Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Activities of the Aqueous Extract from Camellia euphlebia Merr. ex Sealy in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:618409. [PMID: 26579203 PMCID: PMC4633541 DOI: 10.1155/2015/618409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Camellia euphlebia Merr. ex Sealy is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used for improvement of human emotions in the Guangxi Province of southern China. However, there are no studies about the anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of Camellia euphlebia. This study evaluated the anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of the aqueous extract from Camellia euphlebia (CEE) in mice. We found that administration of 400 mg/kg CEE or 20 mg/kg fluoxetine for 7 days significantly reduced the immobility time in both TST and FST. Oral administration of 100 mg/kg extract or 4 mg/kg diazepam for 7 days significantly increased the percentage of time spent and the number of entries into the open arms of the EPMT. In addition, the time spent by mice in the illuminated side of the LDBT was increased. Furthermore, pretreatment with 400 mg/kg CEE for 7 days significantly elevated the level of 5-HT and DA in the whole brain of mice. These results provide support for the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant activity of Camellia euphlebia and contribute towards validation of the traditional use of Camellia euphlebia in the treatment of emotional disorders.
Collapse
|
62
|
Stage TB, Damkier P, Christensen MMH, Nielsen LBK, Højlund K, Brøsen K. Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Men Treated with St. John's Wort. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 118:219-24. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tore Bjerregaard Stage
- Clinical Pharmacology; Department of Public Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Per Damkier
- Clinical Pharmacology; Department of Public Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Mette Marie Hougaard Christensen
- Clinical Pharmacology; Department of Public Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | | | - Kurt Højlund
- Department of Endocrinology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Kim Brøsen
- Clinical Pharmacology; Department of Public Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
De Bruyn F, Van Brempt M, Maertens J, Van Bellegem W, Duchi D, De Mey M. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli into a versatile glycosylation platform: production of bio-active quercetin glycosides. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:138. [PMID: 26377568 PMCID: PMC4573293 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are bio-active specialized plant metabolites which mainly occur as different glycosides. Due to the increasing market demand, various biotechnological approaches have been developed which use Escherichia coli as a microbial catalyst for the stereospecific glycosylation of flavonoids. Despite these efforts, most processes still display low production rates and titers, which render them unsuitable for large-scale applications. Results In this contribution, we expanded a previously developed in vivo glucosylation platform in E. coli W, into an efficient system for selective galactosylation and rhamnosylation. The rational of the novel metabolic engineering strategy constitutes of the introduction of an alternative sucrose metabolism in the form of a sucrose phosphorylase, which cleaves sucrose into fructose and glucose 1-phosphate as precursor for UDP-glucose. To preserve these intermediates for glycosylation purposes, metabolization reactions were knocked-out. Due to the pivotal role of UDP-glucose, overexpression of the interconverting enzymes galE and MUM4 ensured the formation of both UDP-galactose and UDP-rhamnose, respectively. By additionally supplying exogenously fed quercetin and overexpressing a flavonol galactosyltransferase (F3GT) or a rhamnosyltransferase (RhaGT), 0.94 g/L hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) and 1.12 g/L quercitrin (quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside) could be produced, respectively. In addition, both strains showed activity towards other promising dietary flavonols like kaempferol, fisetin, morin and myricetin. Conclusions Two E. coli W mutants were engineered that could effectively produce the bio-active flavonol glycosides hyperoside and quercitrin starting from the cheap substrates sucrose and quercetin. This novel fermentation-based glycosylation strategy will allow the economically viable production of various glycosides. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0326-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Bruyn
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Van Brempt
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jo Maertens
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wouter Van Bellegem
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dries Duchi
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marjan De Mey
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Cassani J, Ferreyra-Cruz OA, Dorantes-Barrón AM, Villaseñor RMV, Arrieta-Baez D, Estrada-Reyes R. Antidepressant-like and toxicological effects of a standardized aqueous extract of Chrysactinia mexicana A. Gray (Asteraceae) in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 171:295-306. [PMID: 26070520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE C. mexicana A. Gray (Asteraceae) is a native of North America plant. In Mexico׳s folk medicine it is used for the fever, rheumatism and as a diuretic, antispasmodic, general tonic or adaptogenic herb, and as a stimulant agent. The aim of the study was to examine the antidepressant-like properties of an aqueous extract of C. mexicana (Cm), in order to scientifically describe its potential value in the management of depressive disorders. To evaluate the acute and subacute toxic effects of Cm and effects on hepatic and biochemical functions in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidepressant-like effects of Cm were evaluated in the Forced swimming and suspension tail tests (FST and TST), the ambulatory activity was measure in the Open Field Test (OFT), motor coordination was evaluated in the inverted screen and gyratory roller (IST and Rota-rod), the biochemical and histopathological analysis were carried out. Phytochemical studies of organic and aqueous extracts of Cm were thoroughly conducted. RESULTS Cm produced a significant reduction of the immobility time both FST and in TST, without affect the ambulatory activity of experimental mice. Cm did not produce any damage in the hepatic functions, nor produce any significant change in the morphological tissue of organs examined. CONCLUSIONS Chrysactinia mexicana induces a clear antidepressant-like effect in mice, without affect any basic functions. The consumption of this medicinal plant does not represent risk for health. The chemical analysis showed the flavonoids free and glycosides mainly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Cassani
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico D.F. 04960, Mexico
| | - Octavio Alberto Ferreyra-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, Mexico D.F. 14370, Mexico
| | - Ana María Dorantes-Barrón
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, Mexico D.F. 14370, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Vigueras Villaseñor
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Insurgentes Cuicuilc o, Mexico
| | - Daniel Arrieta-Baez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional Luis Enrique Erro s/n Unidad Prof. Adolfo López Mateos Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico D.F. 07738, Mexico
| | - Rosa Estrada-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, Mexico D.F. 14370, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Randhawa K, Kumar D, Jamwal A, Kumar S. Screening of antidepressant activity and estimation of quercetin from Coccinia indica using TLC densitometry. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1867-1874. [PMID: 25845639 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1025289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coccinia indica Naud (Cucurbitaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of depression but these claims have not been validated. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to investigate antidepressant activity of various extracts and fractions of C. indica aerial parts, and to estimate content of quercetin in the plant using TLC densitometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coccinia indica aerial parts were successively extracted using solvents in increasing order of polarity, namely n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and water. Various extracts were evaluated for antidepressant activity at doses of 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o., upon acute administration in mice using the forced swim test (FST). The bioactive extract was partitioned successively using solvents in increasing order of polarity, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. All fractions were also screened for antidepressant activity at doses of 25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o., upon acute administration in mice. RESULTS The methanol extract significantly reduced the duration of immobility in FST at dose of 400 mg/kg without affecting locomotor activity in open field test, thus, confirmed its antidepressant activity, which was statistically equivalent to the standard drug (imipramine, 15 mg/kg, i.p.). Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited antidepressant activity at 50 mg/kg. Comparative TLC fingerprint studies confirmed the presence of quercetin in methanol extract and EAF. Quercetin was used as a chemical marker to standardize C. indica aerial parts using the validated TLC densitometric method, and the content of quercetin was found to be 0.00172% w/w. CONCLUSIONS The present studies scientifically validated traditional claims of C. indica for antidepressant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kudrat Randhawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University , Patiala, Punjab , India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
Bhandari P, Kumar N, Khan SM, Bhutani KK. Online antioxidant activity and ultra-performance LC-electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry for chemical fingerprinting of Indian polyherbal formulations. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:530-5. [PMID: 25825204 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1025231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC-DAD-DPPH method was developed for evaluating the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of ethylacetate extracts of different polyherbal formulations (draksarista, draksava, lohasava and arvindasava) by using RP-18e column. The ethylacetate extract from polyherbal, 'draksarista' exhibited maximum free radical scavenging activity (99.9 ± 0.38%) followed by draksava (99.8 ± 0.34%), lohasava (98.5 ± 0.30%) and arvindasava (42.3 ± 0.34%) at 100 μg mL(-1). Simultaneously, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) was used to study chemical composition of the ethylacetate extracts of formulations. The characteristic electrospray mass ionisation reveals the dominance of polyphenols and their glycosides in the four polyherbal formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamita Bhandari
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali , Punjab 160 062 , India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- b Natural Plant Products Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology , Palampur , Himachal Pradesh 176 061 , India
| | - Shahid M Khan
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali , Punjab 160 062 , India
| | - Kamlesh K Bhutani
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali , Punjab 160 062 , India
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Tsai CH, Tzeng SF, Hsieh SC, Lin CY, Tsai CJ, Chen YR, Yang YC, Chou YW, Lee MT, Hsiao PW. Development of a standardized and effect-optimized herbal extract of Wedelia chinensis for prostate cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:406-14. [PMID: 25837279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is a popular complementary or alternative treatment for prostate cancer. Wedelia chinensis has at least three active compounds, wedelolactone, luteolin, and apigenin synergistically inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth in vitro. Here, we report a systematic study to develop a standardized and effect-optimized herbal extract, designated as W. chinensis extract (WCE) to facilitate its future scientific validation and clinical use. Ethanolic extract of dried W. chinensis plant was further condensed, acid hydrolyzed, and enriched with preparative chromatography. The chemical compositions of multiple batches of the standardized preparation WCE were quantified by LC/MS/MS, and biological activities were analyzed by in vitro and in vivo assays. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of the holistic WCE were compared with the combination of the equivalent principal active compounds through oral administration. The results indicated that quantitative chemical assay and PSA (prostate-specific antigen)-reporter assay together are suitable to measure the quality and efficacy of a standardized Wedelia extract on a xenograft tumor model. The presence of minor concomitant compounds in WCE prolonged the systemic exposure to the active compounds, thus augmented the anti-tumor efficacy of WCE. In conclusion, a combination of LC/MS/MS and PSA reporter assay is suitable to qualify a standardized preparation of WCE. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of active compounds demonstrate that holistic WCE exerted additional pharmacological synergy beyond the multi-targeted therapeutic effects caused by more than one active compound. WCE merits a higher priority to be studied for use in prostate cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chuan Hsieh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
|
69
|
YAMATSU A, YAMASHITA Y, MARU I, YANG J, TATSUZAKI J, KIM M. The Improvement of Sleep by Oral Intake of GABA and Apocynum venetum Leaf Extract. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2015; 61:182-7. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.61.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mujo KIM
- Pharma Foods International Co., Ltd
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Kawabata K, Mukai R, Ishisaka A. Quercetin and related polyphenols: new insights and implications for their bioactivity and bioavailability. Food Funct 2015; 6:1399-417. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions and mechanisms of action of quercetin and its related polyphenols are highlighted, including their effects on brain, blood vessels, muscle, and intestinal microflora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuichi Kawabata
- Department of Bioscience
- Fukui Prefectural University
- Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1195
- Japan
| | - Rie Mukai
- Department of Food Science
- Institute of Health Biosciences
- The University of Tokushima Graduate School
- Tokushima 770-8503
- Japan
| | - Akari Ishisaka
- School of Human Science and Environment
- University of Hyogo
- Himeji 670-0092
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Terao J. Integrated Studies on the Action Mechanism of Oxidative Stress-regulating Food Bioactives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4327/jsnfs.68.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junji Terao
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Nutrition and Bioscience, Institute of Health Bioscience, the University of Tokushima
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Silva DB, Lopes NP. MALDI-MS of flavonoids: a systematic investigation of ionization and in-source dissociation mechanisms. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:182-190. [PMID: 25601691 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a technique widely employed in the analysis of proteins and peptides, and nowadays it has also been applied to small molecules. There is little significant information regarding the in-source dissociation processes on MALDI for natural products. Twenty-six flavonoids (flavanones, flavones and flavonols) were analyzed by MALDI using different methods (with different matrices) and without matrix to comprehend the in-source reactions and establish good analysis methods for these compounds. Depending on the class, structure and the laser intensity applied, methoxylated flavonoid aglycones can eliminate methyl radicals (˙CH3) in the source, such as flavonols, but lithium 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate matrix suppresses the ˙CH3 eliminations and retro-Diels-Alder cleavages in the source. All of the flavonoid O-glycosides evaluated herein eliminated the sugar in source, even in the presence of the matrix, and its product radical ions ([M-H-sugar](-)˙) were observed in the negative mode. The flavone C-glycosides suffered intense dissociation, which was reduced by the addition of a matrix and the application of low laser intensity, mainly in the negative mode. Depending on the hydroxyl substituents, the [M-H-H](-)˙ ion was observed with variable relative intensity in the spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise B Silva
- Núcleo Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Jalsrai A, Numakawa T, Ooshima Y, Adachi N, Kunugi H. Phosphatase-mediated intracellular signaling contributes to neuroprotection by flavonoids of Iris tenuifolia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:119-30. [PMID: 24467539 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A variety of flavonoids are suggested to be useful for the treatment of brain-related disorders, including dementia and depression. An investigation on the characteristics of the extracted compounds of Iris tenuifolia Pall. (IT) is of much interest, as this plant has been used as a traditional medicine. In the present study, we examined the effect of total flavonoids obtained from IT on cultured cortical neurons under oxidative-stress and found that pretreatment with IT flavonoids significantly inhibited H 2 O 2-induced cell death in cortical neurons. Such a survival-promoting effect by IT flavonoids was partially blocked by inhibitors for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) cascades, both of which are known as survival-promoting signaling molecules. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of Src homology-2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase2 (Shp2) was induced by IT flavonoids, and the protective effect of IT flavonoids was abolished by NSC87877, an inhibitor for Shp2, suggesting the involvement of Shp2-mediated intracellular signaling in flavonoid-dependent neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldarmaa Jalsrai
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Cellular uptake of quercetin and luteolin and their effects on monoamine oxidase-A in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:639-649. [PMID: 28962277 PMCID: PMC5598286 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is the main enzyme in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Elevated activity of MAO-A in the brain may contribute to the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Plant flavonoids, such as flavonol quercetin and flavone luteolin, have been suggested to be potential antidepressant compounds because they exert a suppressive effect on the MAO-A reaction. We evaluated the effects of these flavonoids on MAO-A activity and protein level using SH-SY5Y as model serotoninergic nerve cells. Quercetin and luteolin were incorporated into SH-SY5Y cells rapidly and converted to O-methylated derivatives. Luteolin accumulated in cells after 24-h incubation, whereas quercetin disappeared completely from cell fractions and culture medium. Addition of ascorbic acid prevented the disappearance of quercetin and allowed it to exert its cytotoxicity (similar to luteolin) at >10 μM. Luteolin and quercetin were incorporated into mitochondria fractions within 1-h incubation and attenuated MAO-A activity slightly but significantly. After 24-h incubation, luteolin attenuated MAO-A activity, but quercetin needed ascorbic acid for its attenuation. Neither luteolin nor quercetin significantly affected MAO-A protein level. These data suggest that luteolin and quercetin can be direct inhibitors of MAO-A in nerve cells by targeting mitochondria.
Collapse
|
75
|
Investigation of the Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Hypericum mysorense. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:526-43. [PMID: 26785069 PMCID: PMC4665411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Hypericum is a well-known plant genus in herbal medicine. Hypericum mysorense (Family: Hypericaceae), a plant belonging to the same genus, is well known in folklore medicine for its varied therapeutic potential. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the different parts of the plant for antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. Materials and Methods: The methanol extracts of Hypericum mysorense prepared from various parts of the plant were tested in vitro for their free radical scavenging activity against ABTS• (diammonium salt), DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), NO•, O2•− and •OH radicals, using standard systems of assays. The total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the extracts were analyzed. Further, the leaf and flowering top extracts were tested for their in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities on Wistar rats using a carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury model. Results: The leaf and flowering top extract showed potent antioxidant activity and also possessed highest total phenolic and flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic and flavonoid content present in these extracts showed a good correlation. The leaf and flowering top extracts at 200 mg/kg restored aspartate amino transferase (ASAT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin and protein levels significantly in CCl4-intoxicated rats. The tested extracts also showed a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels with an increase in SOD and CAT levels. The histopathology of liver did not show any toxicity after the treatment with the extracts. The active extracts were standardized using two marker compounds, hyperoside and rutin, which were isolated from the plant by HPLC. HPLC studies revealed that the maximum concentration of hyperoside and rutin is present in the flowering top extract.
Collapse
|
76
|
Wei S, Ji XW, Wu CL, Li ZF, Sun P, Wang JQ, Zhao QT, Gao J, Guo YH, Sun SG, Qiao MQ. Resident intruder paradigm-induced aggression relieves depressive-like behaviors in male rats subjected to chronic mild stress. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:945-52. [PMID: 24911067 PMCID: PMC4067422 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating epidemiological evidence shows that life event stressors are major vulnerability factors for psychiatric diseases such as major depression. It is also well known that the resident intruder paradigm (RIP) results in aggressive behavior in male rats. However, it is not known how resident intruder paradigm-induced aggression affects depressive-like behavior in isolated male rats subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS), which is an animal model of depression. Material/Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: non-stressed controls, isolated rats subjected to the CMS protocol, and resident intruder paradigm-exposed rats subjected to the CMS protocol. Results In the sucrose intake test, ingestion of a 1% sucrose solution by rats in the CMS group was significantly lower than in control and CMS+RIP rats after 3 weeks of stress. In the open-field test, CMS rats had significantly lower open-field scores compared to control rats. Furthermore, the total scores given the CMS group were significantly lower than in the CMS+RIP rats. In the forced swimming test (FST), the immobility times of CMS rats were significantly longer than those of the control or CMS+RIP rats. However, no differences were observed between controls and CMS+RIP rats. Conclusions Our data show that aggressive behavior evoked by the resident intruder paradigm could relieve broad-spectrum depressive-like behaviors in isolated adult male rats subjected to CMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wei
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-wei Ji
- Second Affiliated Hospita, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Shandong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | | | - Zi-fa Li
- Laboratory of Behavioral Brain Analysis, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Sun
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Jie-qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Qi-tao Zhao
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Gao
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Ying-hui Guo
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Shi-guang Sun
- Laboratory of Behavioral Brain Analysis, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| | - Ming-qi Qiao
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Isoquercitrin: Pharmacology, toxicology, and metabolism. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:267-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
78
|
Antidepressant-like effect of Ilex paraguariensis in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:958209. [PMID: 24895633 PMCID: PMC4026845 DOI: 10.1155/2014/958209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the possible antidepressant-like effect of I. paraguariensis in rats. Rats were treated for four weeks with an aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis in drinking water, following the traditional preparation of this beverage. After the period of treatment, behavioral (elevated plus-maze, open field test, and forced swimming test) and biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation assay, thiol content, vitamin C levels, and monoamine oxidase activity) were evaluated. Animals were also analyzed on forced swimming test after 24 hours of I. paraguariensis intake. An additional group was injected with selegiline 24 hours and 30 minutes before forced swimming test as positive control. HPLC analysis revealed the profile of I. paraguariensis extract. I. paraguariensis reduced the immobility time on forced swimming test without significant changes in locomotor activity in the open field test. Any anxiolytic/anxiogenic effect of I. paraguariensis was observed in rats through the elevated plus-maze test. The antidepressant-like effect of I. paraguariensis was not accompanied by inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase activity. There were no significant alterations on lipid peroxidation, thiol content, and vitamin C levels among the groups. In conclusion, aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis decreases the time of immobility in rats suggesting an antidepressant-like effect.
Collapse
|
79
|
Drozdov AL, Beleneva IA, Lepeshkin FD, Krutikova AA, Ustinovich KB, Pokrovskii OI, Parenago OO. The effect of St. John’s wort supercritical extract and hyperforin solution on biological subjects. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793113070063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
80
|
Ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for determination of avicularin metabolites produced by a human intestinal bacterium. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 949-950:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
81
|
Messaoudi M, Bisson JF, Nejdi A, Rozan P, Javelot H. Antidepressant-like effects of a cocoa polyphenolic extract in Wistar–Unilever rats. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 11:269-76. [DOI: 10.1179/147683008x344165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
82
|
Shewale PB, Patil RA, Hiray YA. Antidepressant-like activity of anthocyanidins from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers in tail suspension test and forced swim test. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 44:454-7. [PMID: 23087504 PMCID: PMC3469946 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.99303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn (Malvaceae) popularly known as “China-rose flowers” contain flavonoids. Flavonoids have been found to have antidepressant activity. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antidepressant activity of flavonoids in H. rosa-sinensis flowers with possible involvement of monoamines. Materials and Methods: Anti-depressant activity of methanol extract containing anthocyanins (MHR) (30 and 100 mg/kg) and anthocyanidins (AHR) (30 and 100 mg/ kg) of H. rosa-sinensis flowers were evaluated in mice using behavioral tests such as tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). The mechanism of action involved in antidepressant activity was investigated by observing the effect of extract after pre-treatment with low dose haloperidol, prazosin and para-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA). Results: Present study exhibited significant decrease in immobility time in TST and FST, similar to that of imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) which served as a positive control. The extract significantly attenuated the duration of immobility induced by Haloperidol (50 μg/ kg, i.p., a classical D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist), Prazosin (62.5 μg/kg, i.p., an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist) and p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg, i.p., × 3 days; an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis) in both TST and FST. Conclusion: It can be concluded that MHR and AHR possess potential antidepressant activity (through dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic mechanisms) and has therapeutic potential in the treatment of CNS disorders and provides evidence at least at preclinical levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi B Shewale
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Li W, Sun YN, Yan XT, Yang SY, Choi CW, Hyun JW, Kang HK, Paek KY, Kim YH. Isolation of xanthones from adventitious roots of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
84
|
Li S, Guo L, Liu C, Zhang Y. Application of supercritical fluid extraction coupled with counter-current chromatography for extraction and online isolation of unstable chemical components from Rosa damascena. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2104-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Li
- Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun China
- Central Laboratory; Changchun Normal University; Changchun China
| | - Liping Guo
- Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun China
| | - Chunming Liu
- Central Laboratory; Changchun Normal University; Changchun China
| | - Yuchi Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Šmelcerović A, Sokolov N, Petronijević Ž. KINETICS OF QUERCETIN NITRATION BY HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE. ACTA MEDICA MEDIANAE 2013. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2013.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
86
|
Rouis Z, Abid N, Aouni M, Faiella L, Dal Piaz F, De Tommasi N, Braca A. Benzophenone glycosides from Hypericum humifusum ssp. austral. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:979-982. [PMID: 23659316 DOI: 10.1021/np400134z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Six new benzophenone glycosides, 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 4-O-(6″-benzoyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 2-O-(2″-benzoyl)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (3), 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 2-O-α-l-arabinopyranoside (4), 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 2-O-(4″-acetyl)-β-d-xylopyranoside (5), and 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone 3-C-(4″-benzoyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), and five known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum humifusum ssp. austral. The structures of 1-6 were elucidated by mass spectrometry and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zyed Rouis
- Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives LR99ES27, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Pathak L, Agrawal Y, Dhir A. Natural polyphenols in the management of major depression. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 22:863-80. [PMID: 23642183 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.794783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural polyphenols, the non-essential micronutrients, found in array of plant products, are known to affect various physiological and biochemical functions in the body. Studies have shown the protective effect of these polyphenols in different neurological and mental disorders. These polyphenols modulate monoaminergic neurotransmission in the brain and thus possess antidepressant-like activity at least in animal models of depression. AREAS COVERED The present review discusses the use of these natural polyphenols in the treatment of major depression. The review article discusses the antidepressant potential of some important polyphenols such as amentoflavone, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, curcumin, ferulic acid, hesperidin, rutin, quercetin, naringenin, resveratrol, ellagic acid, nobiletin and proanthocyanidins. The mechanism of action of these polyphenols in the treatment of major depression is also discussed in detail. EXPERT OPINION There is an exciting prospect in the discovery of natural polyphenols as therapeutic agents in the treatment of major depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Pathak
- Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Institute of Research & Development, DFS Headquarters, Sector 18-A, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382007, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Yang J, Qian D, Guo J, Jiang S, Shang EX, Duan JA, Xu J. Identification of the major metabolites of hyperoside produced by the human intestinal bacteria using the ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:174-179. [PMID: 23458919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), used in clinical practice for thousands of years, has been taken as a new way to tackle chronic diseases. In Chinese medicine, many ingredients which are known to have biological effects just pass through the gut, they do not get into the bloodstream. Study on interactions of these active ingredients with the intestinal bacteria is very helpful to unravel how TCM works. AIM OF THE STUDY Hyperoside is a major active constituent in many medicinal plants which are traditionally used in Chinese medicines for their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. It would be metabolized by intestinal bacteria after oral administration which leads to the variation of ethnopharmacological profile of these traditional medicines. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of hyperoside produced by human intestinal bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS) technique combined with Metabolynx(™) software was used for analysis of the metabolic profile of hyperoside by the isolated human intestinal bacteria from the human feces. RESULTS Parent compound and 6 metabolites (M1-M7) were detected in the isolated bacterial samples compared with blank samples. Quercetin, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylbenzoic acid (M2-M4) were only found in the sample of Bacteroides sp. 45. Dehydroxylation of hyperoside and the conjugates: acetylation and hydroxylation of hyperoside (M5-M7) were identified in the majority of isolated intestinal bacterial samples. CONCLUSIONS Only Bacteroides sp. 45 could metabolize hyperoside to form its aglycone quercetin, thereafter, quercetin was further metabolized to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. Furthermore, the majority of bacteria could metabolize hyperoside to dehydroxylation of hyperoside and the conjugates: hydroxylation and acetylation of hyperoside. In this study, the metabolic routes and metabolites of hyperoside produced by the different intestinal bacteria were investigated for the first time. Furthermore, the production of metabolites of hyperoside might influence the effects of traditional medicines. Thus, the study on the metabolism of hyperoside by human intestinal bacteria is of great importance to an understanding of the effects of traditional medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology of TCM Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
Mohan M, Attarde D, Momin R, Kasture S. Antidepressant, anxiolytic and adaptogenic activity of torvanol A: an isoflavonoid from seeds of Solanum torvum. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:2140-3. [PMID: 23521182 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.778853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of torvanol A (10 and 30 mg/kg) isolated from Solanum torvum as antidepressant, anxiolytic and adaptogenic. Forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), elevated plus maze (EPM) test, light dark apparatus (LDA), pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions model and chronic stress-induced behavioural despair test were used. Torvanol A significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the immobility period, increased the time spent in open arms and entries in open arms, decreased the time spent in closed arms, increased the time spent in light area and decreased the time spent in dark area. Combination of torvanol A with various antagonists - prazocin(62.5 μg/kg, i.p.), para chloro phenyl alanine (pCPA) (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and haloperidol (50 μg/kg, i.p.) - has also produced the same effect in various behavioural parameters in FST, TST, EPM and LDA as the respective antagonists. This suggests involvement of noradrenergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic and gabaergic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahalaxmi Mohan
- a M.G.V.'s College of Pharmacy , Panchavati, Nasik 03 Maharashtra India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
Jakobs D, Hage-Hülsmann A, Prenner L, Kolb C, Weiser D, Häberlein H. Downregulation of β1 -adrenergic receptors in rat C6 glioblastoma cells by hyperforin and hyperoside from St John's wort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:907-15. [PMID: 23647684 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While the use of St John's wort extracts as treatment for mild to moderate depression is well established the mode of action is still under investigation. Individual constituents of St John's wort extract were tested for possible effects on the β1 AR density and a subsequent change in downstream signalling in rat C6 glioblastoma cells. METHODS The effect of compounds from St John's wort extract on the downregulation of β1 -adrenergic receptor-GFP fusion proteins (β1 AR-green fluorescent protein (GFP)) of transfected rat C6 gliobastoma cells (C6-β1 AR-GFP) was investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). The influence on the lateral mobility of β1 AR-GFP in C6-β1 AR-GFP was investigated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The formation of second messenger was determined by c-AMP-assay. KEY FINDINGS Confocal LSM revealed that pretreatment of cells with 1 μm of hyperforin and hyperoside for 6 days, respectively, led to an internalization of β1 AR-GFP under non-stimulating conditions. Observation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy showed two diffusion time constants for control cells, with τdiff1 = 0.78 ± 0.18 ms and τdiff2 = 122.53 ± 69.41 ms, similarly distributed. Pretreatment with 1 μm hyperforin or 1 μm hyperoside for 3 days did not alter the τdiff values but decreased the fraction of τdiff1 whereas the fraction of τdiff2 increased significantly. An elevated level of β1 AR-GFP with hindered lateral mobility was in line with β1 AR-GFP internalization induced by hyperforin and hyperoside, respectively. A reduced β1 -adrenergic responsiveness was assumed for C6 gliobastoma cells after pretreatment for 6 days with 1 μm of both hyperforin and hyperoside, which was confirmed by decreased cAMP formation of about 10% and 5% under non-stimulating conditions. Decrease in cAMP formation by 23% for hyperforin and 15% for hyperoside was more pronounced after stimulation with 10 μm dobutamine for 30 min. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of C6 gliobastoma cells with hyperforin and hyperoside results in a reduced β1 AR density in the plasma membrane and a subsequent reduced downstream signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jakobs
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Mizohata E, Okuda T, Hatanaka S, Nakayama T, Horikawa M, Nakayama T, Ono E, Inoue T. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of UDP-glucuronic acid:flavonol-3-O-glucuronosyltransferase (VvGT5) from the grapevine Vitis vinifera. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2013; 69:65-8. [PMID: 23295490 PMCID: PMC3539707 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112045095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) glycosyltransferase 5 (VvGT5) is a UDP-glucuronic acid:flavonol-3-O-glucuronosyltransferase that catalyses the 3-O-specific glucuronosylation of flavonols using UDP-glucuronic acid as a sugar donor to produce flavonol 3-O-glucosides, which are important bioactive phytochemicals. Recombinant VvGT5 expressed in Escherichia coli cells was purified and crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. A full set of X-ray diffraction data was collected to 2.2 Å Bragg spacing from a single crystal using a synchrotron-radiation source. The crystal was hexagonal, belonging to space group P6(1)22, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 102.70, c = 535.92 Å. The initial phases were determined by the molecular-replacement method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Mizohata
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuma Okuda
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seika Hatanaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taisuke Nakayama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Manabu Horikawa
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Toru Nakayama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Ono
- Institute for Plant Science, Suntory Business Expert Ltd, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Guo JM, Lin P, Duan JA, Shang EX, Qian DW, Tang YP. Application of microdialysis for elucidating the existing form of hyperoside in rat brain: comparison between intragastric and intraperitoneal administration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 144:664-670. [PMID: 23063958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) is an important anti-depressant herb used in clinic and commonly prescribed for mild depression. Hyperoside is one of the major components of H. perforatum and is also detected in many plant species such as Abelmoschus manihot, Black Currant, Rosa agrestis, Apocynum venetum and Nelumbo nucifera. AIM OF THE STUDY As the hyperoside showed CNS (central nervous system) protective activity (e.g. anti-depressant-like effect), the possibility of hyperoside or its metabolites to reach CNS should be investigated. Moreover, the pharmacokinetics profile of hyperoside or its metabolites in rat brain should be studied for further elucidating the mechanism of hyperoside action on CNS. MATERIAL AND METHODS A simple method for simultaneous determination of unbound hyperoside and its metabolite 3'-O-methyl-hyperoside in rat brain was developed by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and microdialysis technique. This method was applied for pharmacokinetics study of hyperoside and 3'-O-methyl-hyperoside in rat brain after intragastric (i.g.) and intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration of hyperoside in vivo. RESULTS Results showed that neither hyperoside nor its metabolites were detected in rat brain after i.g. administration but both compounds could be detected after i.p. administration. Considering the activity of hyperoside through both i.g. and i.p. administration, our results imply that the active components of hyperoside in vivo might be different. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify the active components of hyperoside in vivo through these two different routes. Moreover, non-oral administration route (e.g., i.p.) should be further investigated and be explored to obtain higher bioavailability and better activity for hyperoside. Our results also showed that the real existing form of hyperoside in rat brain were hyperoside and its methylated metabolite with maximum concentration to be 63.78 ng/mL and 24.66 ng/mL after 20mg/kg i.p. administration, respectively. Therefore, a more reasonable concentration of hyperoside should be considered in in vitro assay to reflect the real situation of hyperoside concentration in vivo. CONCLUSION Due to the wide use of herbal remedies containing hyperoside, our investigation will contribute to further clarifying the action of this substance. Moreover, this method will be applied for clinical pharmacokinetics study of hyperoside and its metabolite as well as herbs that contain hyperoside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-ming Guo
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Xianlin road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Çetinkaya O, Duru ME, Çiçek H. Synthese and characterization of boronic acid functionalized macroporous uniform poly(4-chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) particles and its use in the isolation of antioxidant compounds from plant extracts. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 909:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
94
|
Bandaruk Y, Mukai R, Kawamura T, Nemoto H, Terao J. Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of quercetin-related flavonoids and tea catechins on the monoamine oxidase-A reaction in mouse brain mitochondria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:10270-10277. [PMID: 23009399 DOI: 10.1021/jf303055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a typical dietary flavonoid, is thought to exert antidepressant effects by inhibiting the monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) reaction, which is responsible for regulation of the metabolism of the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain. This study compared the MAO-A inhibitory activity of quercetin with those of O-methylated quercetin (isorhamnetin, tamarixetin), luteolin, and green tea catechins ((-)-epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate) by measuring the formation of the oxidative deamination product of 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindole aldehyde (5-HIAL), in mouse brain mitochondria. Quercetin was inferior to luteolin in the inhibition of MAO-A activity, whereas isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, and tea catechins scarcely exerted inhibitory activity. Quercetin did not affect MAO-A activity in mouse intestinal mitochondria, indicating that it does not evoke side effects on the metabolism of dietary monoamines in the gut. These data suggest that quercetin is a weak (but safe) MAO-A inhibitor in the modulation of 5-HT levels in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yauhen Bandaruk
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Mozaffari S, Esmaily H, Rahimi R, Baeeri M, Sanei Y, Asadi-Shahmirzadi A, Salehi-Surmaghi MH, Abdollahi M. Effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on rat irritable bowel syndrome. Pharmacogn Mag 2012. [PMID: 21969792 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT In irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), disturbance of bowel motility is associated with infiltration of inflammatory mediators and cytokines into the intestine, such as neutrophils, myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), and lipid peroxide. AIMS Regarding promising anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of Hypericum perforatum (HP) extract, besides its anti-depressant effect, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of HP in an experimental model of IBS. SETTINGS AND DESIGN IBS was induced by a 5-day restraint stress in rats. The HP extract was administered by gavage in doses of 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg for 26 days. Fluoxetine and loperamide were used as positive controls. Gastric emptying and small bowel and colon transit, besides the levels of TNF-α, MPO, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant power, were determined in colon homogenates. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS A significant reduction in small bowel and colonic transit (450 mg/kg), TNF-α, MPO, and lipid peroxidation and an increase in antioxidant power in all HP-treated groups (150, 300, and 450 mg/kg) were seen as compared with the control group. Gastric emptying did not alter significantly when compared with the control group. Treatment with loperamide (10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited gastric emptying and small bowel and colonic transit, while flouxetine (10 mg/kg) decreased gastric emptying, TNF-α, MPO, and lipid peroxidation and increased the antioxidant power of the samples in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSIONS HP diminished the recruitment of inflammatory cells and TNF-α following restraint stress not in a dose-dependent manner, possibly via inhibition of MPO activity and increasing colon antioxidant power, without any difference with fluoxetine. The HP extract inhibits small bowel and colonic transit acceleration like loperamide but has minimal effect on gastric emptying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Mozaffari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Yaşar ŞN, Can ÖD, Öztürk N, Sagratini G, Ricciutelli M, Vittori S, Maggi F. Central Nervous System Activities of Hypericum origanifolium
Extract via GABAergic and Opioidergic Mechanisms. Phytother Res 2012; 27:877-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Şahin Nuri Yaşar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Özgür Devrim Can
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Nilgün Öztürk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| | | | - Sauro Vittori
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Ulrich-Merzenich G, Kelber O, Koptina A, Freischmidt A, Heilmann J, Müller J, Zeitler H, Seidel MF, Ludwig M, Heinrich EU, Winterhoff H. Novel neurological and immunological targets for salicylate-based phytopharmaceuticals and for the anti-depressant imipramine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:930-939. [PMID: 22743246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are increasingly recognised to contribute to neurological and neuropsychatric disorders such as depression. Thus we investigated whether a standardized willow bark preparation (WB) which contains among other constituents salicin, the forerunner of non-steroidal antiphlogistic drugs, would have an effect in a standard model of depression, the forced swimming test (FST), compared to the antidepressant imipramine. Studies were accompanied by gene expression analyses. In order to allocate potential effects to the different constituents of WB, fractions of the extract with different compositions of salicyl alcohol derivative and polyphenols were also investigated. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=12/group) were treated for 14 days (p.o.) with the WB preparation STW 33-I (group A) and its fractions (FR) (groups FR-B to E) in concentrations of 30 mg/kg. The FRs were characterized by a high content of flavone and chalcone glycosides (FR-B), flavonoid glycosides and salicyl alcohol derivatives (FR-C), salicin and related salicyl alcohol derivatives (FR-D) and proanthocyanidines (FR-E). The tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (20 mg/kg) (F) was used as positive control. The FST was performed on day 15. The cumulative immobility time was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in group A (36%), group FR-D (44%) and by imipramine (16%) compared to untreated controls. RNA was isolated from peripheral blood. RNA samples (group A, group FR-D, and imipramine) were further analysed by rat whole genome microarray (Agilent) in comparison to untreated controls. Quantitative PCR for selected genes was performed. Genes (>2 fold, p<0.01), affected by WB and/or FR-D and imipramine, included both inflammatory (e.g. IL-3, IL-10) and neurologically relevant targets. Common genes regulated by WB, FR-D and imipramine were GRIA 2 ↓, SRP54 ↓, CYP26B ↓, DNM1L ↑ and KITLG ↓. In addition, the hippocampus of rats treated (27 d) with WB (15-60 mg/kg WB) or imipramine (15 mg/kg bw) showed a slower serotonin turnover (5-hydroxyindol acetic acid/serotonin (p<0.05)) depending on the dosage. Thus WB (30 mg/kg), its ethanolic fraction rich in salicyl alcohol derivatives (FR-D) (30 mg/kg) and imipramine, by being effective in the FST, modulated known and new targets relevant for neuro- and immunofunctions in rats. These findings contribute to our understanding of the link between inflammation and neurological functions and may also support the scope for the development of co-medications from salicylate-containing phytopharmaceuticals as multicomponent mixtures with single component synthetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Ulrich-Merzenich
- Medizinische Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Lu YH, Du CB, Liu JW, Hong W, Wei DZ. Neuroprotective Effects ofHypericum perforatumon Trauma Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in PC12 Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 32:397-405. [PMID: 15344423 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x04002053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The standard extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. (SEHP), a well-known medicinal plant, are used for the treatment of depression, exhibited upgrading and significant protective effects on the trauma of PC12 cells induced by 200 μM H2O2in a dose-dependent manner within 24-hour treatment. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT method, and in situ cellular hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2)-induced oxidative stress was examined by measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation using CDCFH procedures. Intra- and extra-cellular ROS levels decreased significantly to 71.9% and 50.0% of the control at a moderate concentration of 20 μg/ml, respectively, suggesting that SEHP could easily enter the cells and play important roles in reducing ROS levels. Our results were proved by detection of DNA fragmentation and inspection of cell morphology of PC12 cells. SEHP can obviously block DNA fragmentation and prevent the cells from shrinking and turning round of H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells at concentrations of 10~100 μg/ml. This data suggests SEHP may be a candidate for application in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Institute of New World Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Momin R, Mohan M. Involvement of central noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine system in the antidepressant activity of fruits ofSolanum torvum(Solanaceae). Nat Prod Res 2012; 26:416-22. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.495072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
100
|
Zheng M, Liu C, Pan F, Shi D, Zhang Y. Antidepressant-like effect of hyperoside isolated from Apocynum venetum leaves: possible cellular mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:145-149. [PMID: 21802268 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we studied the possible cellular mechanisms of hyperoside isolated from Apocynum venetum leaves in corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity, using PC12 cells as a suitable in vitro model of depression. Cell viability was quantitated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The release amount of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration were measured using kit and transcript abundances of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) were determined by real-time RT-PCR. The results of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) assays showed that 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/ml hyperoside or 10 μM fluoxetine (FLU) protected PC12 cells from the lesion induced by a 48 h treatment with 10 μM corticosterone. Fura-2/AM (acetoxymethyl ester) assays showed that 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/ml hyperoside or 10 μM FLU attenuated the intracellular Ca(2+) overloading in PC12 cells induced by corticosterone. The transcript abundance of BDNF and CREB in PC12 cells was elevated upon hyperoside treatment. These results suggest that the possible cellular mechanisms of hyperoside antidepressant-like effect is a cytoprotective action related to elevation the expression of BDNF and CREB through the signal pathway AC-cAMP-CREB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Zheng
- The Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|