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Chuang YM, Tzeng SF, Ho PC, Tsai CH. Immunosurveillance encounters cancer metabolism. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:471-488. [PMID: 38216787 PMCID: PMC10897436 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells reprogram nutrient acquisition and metabolic pathways to meet their energetic, biosynthetic, and redox demands. Similarly, metabolic processes in immune cells support host immunity against cancer and determine differentiation and fate of leukocytes. Thus, metabolic deregulation and imbalance in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment have been reported to drive immune evasion and to compromise therapeutic outcomes. Interestingly, emerging evidence indicates that anti-tumor immunity could modulate tumor heterogeneity, aggressiveness, and metabolic reprogramming, suggesting that immunosurveillance can instruct cancer progression in multiple dimensions. This review summarizes our current understanding of how metabolic crosstalk within tumors affects immunogenicity of tumor cells and promotes cancer progression. Furthermore, we explain how defects in the metabolic cascade can contribute to developing dysfunctional immune responses against cancers and discuss the contribution of immunosurveillance to these defects as a feedback mechanism. Finally, we highlight ongoing clinical trials and new therapeutic strategies targeting cellular metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Chuang
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Liu PS, Chen YT, Li X, Hsueh PC, Tzeng SF, Chen H, Shi PZ, Xie X, Parik S, Planque M, Fendt SM, Ho PC. Author Correction: CD40 signal rewires fatty acid and glutamine metabolism for stimulating macrophage anti-tumorigenic functions. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1591. [PMID: 37563312 PMCID: PMC10457176 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Ste Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hsi Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Zhu Shi
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sweta Parik
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Chang YW, Hsiao HW, Chen JP, Tzeng SF, Tsai CH, Wu CY, Hsieh HH, Carmona SJ, Andreatta M, Di Conza G, Su MT, Koni PA, Ho PC, Chen HK, Yang MH. A CSF-1R-blocking antibody/IL-10 fusion protein increases anti-tumor immunity by effectuating tumor-resident CD8 + T cells. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101154. [PMID: 37586318 PMCID: PMC10439276 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to increase intratumoral concentrations of an anticancer agent are desirable to optimize its therapeutic potential when said agent is efficacious primarily within a tumor but also have significant systemic side effects. Here, we generate a bifunctional protein by fusing interleukin-10 (IL-10) to a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R)-blocking antibody. The fusion protein demonstrates significant antitumor activity in multiple cancer models, especially head and neck cancer. Moreover, this bifunctional protein not only leads to the anticipated reduction in tumor-associated macrophages but also triggers proliferation, activation, and metabolic reprogramming of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, it extends the clonotype diversity of tumor-infiltrated T cells and shifts the tumor microenvironment (TME) to an immune-active state. This study suggests an efficient strategy for designing immunotherapeutic agents by fusing a potent immunostimulatory molecule to an antibody targeting TME-enriched factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Chang
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | | | - Ju-Pei Chen
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Santiago J Carmona
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Andreatta
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giusy Di Conza
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mei-Tzu Su
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | | | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hung-Kai Chen
- Elixiron Immunotherapeutics (Hong Kong) Ltd., Hong Kong.
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Department of Teaching and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Liu PS, Chen YT, Li X, Hsueh PC, Tzeng SF, Chen H, Shi PZ, Xie X, Parik S, Planque M, Fendt SM, Ho PC. CD40 signal rewires fatty acid and glutamine metabolism for stimulating macrophage anti-tumorigenic functions. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:452-462. [PMID: 36823405 PMCID: PMC9977680 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of lipopolysaccharide triggers macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization accompanied by metabolic reprogramming, characterized by elevated aerobic glycolysis and a broken tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, in contrast to lipopolysaccharide, CD40 signal is able to drive pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic polarization by some yet undefined metabolic programming. Here we show that CD40 activation triggers fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and glutamine metabolism to promote ATP citrate lyase-dependent epigenetic reprogramming of pro-inflammatory genes and anti-tumorigenic phenotypes in macrophages. Mechanistically, glutamine usage reinforces FAO-induced pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic activation by fine-tuning the NAD+/NADH ratio via glutamine-to-lactate conversion. Genetic ablation of important metabolic enzymes involved in CD40-mediated metabolic reprogramming abolishes agonistic anti-CD40-induced antitumor responses and reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages. Together these data show that metabolic reprogramming, which includes FAO and glutamine metabolism, controls the activation of pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic polarization, and highlight a therapeutic potential of metabolic preconditioning of tumor-associated macrophages before agonistic anti-CD40 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Ste Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hsi Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Zhu Shi
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sweta Parik
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Tsai CH, Chuang YM, Li X, Yu YR, Tzeng SF, Teoh ST, Lindblad KE, Di Matteo M, Cheng WC, Hsueh PC, Kao KC, Imrichova H, Duan L, Gallart-Ayala H, Hsiao PW, Mazzone M, Ivanesevic J, Liu X, de Visser KE, Lujambio A, Lunt SY, Kaech SM, Ho PC. Immunoediting instructs tumor metabolic reprogramming to support immune evasion. Cell Metab 2023; 35:118-133.e7. [PMID: 36599297 PMCID: PMC10375941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunoediting sculpts immunogenicity and thwarts host anti-tumor responses in tumor cells during tumorigenesis; however, it remains unknown whether metabolic programming of tumor cells can be guided by immunosurveillance. Here, we report that T cell-mediated immunosurveillance in early-stage tumorigenesis instructs c-Myc upregulation and metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. This previously unexplored tumor-immune interaction is controlled by non-canonical interferon gamma (IFNγ)-STAT3 signaling and supports tumor immune evasion. Our findings uncover that immunoediting instructs deregulated bioenergetic programs in tumor cells to empower them to disarm the T cell-mediated immunosurveillance by imposing metabolic tug-of-war between tumor and infiltrating T cells and forming the suppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Chuang
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Ru Yu
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Katherine E Lindblad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mario Di Matteo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wan-Chen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kung-Chi Kao
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hana Imrichova
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wien, Austria
| | - Likun Duan
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julijana Ivanesevic
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wien, Austria
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophia Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Tzeng SF, Tsai CH, Chao TK, Chou YC, Yang YC, Tsai MH, Cha TL, Hsiao PW. O-Glycosylation-mediated signaling circuit drives metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800687. [PMID: 29906246 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a common disease in men that is characterized by limited survival and resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy. The increase in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) signaling contributes to androgen receptor activity in a subset of patients with CRPC; however, enigmatically, HER2-targeted therapies have demonstrated a lack of efficacy in patients with CRPC. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and involves key processes that support cancer progression. Using transcriptomic analysis of prostate cancer data sets, histopathologic examination of clinical specimens, and in vivo experiments of xenograft models, we reveal in this study a coordinated increase in glycan-binding protein, galectin-4, specific glycosyltransferases of core 1 synthase, glycoprotein- N-acetylgalactosamine 3-β-galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) and ST3 beta-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1), and resulting mucin-type O-glycans during the progression of CRPC. Furthermore, galectin-4 engaged with C1GALT1-dependent O-glycans to promote castration resistance and metastasis by activating receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and cancer cell stemness properties mediated by SRY-box 9 (SOX9). This galectin-glycan interaction up-regulated the MYC-dependent expression of C1GALT1 and ST3GAL1, which altered cellular mucin-type O-glycosylation to allow for galectin-4 binding. In clinical prostate cancer, high-level expression of C1GALT1 and galectin-4 together predict poor overall survival compared with low-level expression of C1GALT1 and galectin-4. In summary, MYC regulates abnormal O-glycosylation, thus priming cells for binding to galectin-4 and downstream signaling, which promotes castration resistance and metastasis.-Tzeng, S.-F., Tsai, C.-H., Chao, T.-K., Chou, Y.-C., Yang, Y.-C., Tsai, M.-H., Cha, T.-L., Hsiao, P.-W. O-Glycosylation-mediated signaling circuit drives metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Lung Cha
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Tsai CH, Tzeng SF, Hsieh SC, Tsai CJ, Yang YC, Tsai MH, Hsiao PW. A Standardized Wedelia chinensis Extract Overcomes the Feedback Activation of HER2/3 Signaling upon Androgen-Ablation in Prostate Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:721. [PMID: 29066975 PMCID: PMC5641394 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between the androgen receptor (AR) and other signaling pathways in prostate cancer (PCa) severely affects the therapeutic outcome of hormonal therapy. Although anti-androgen therapy prolongs overall survival in PCa patients, resistance rapidly develops and is often associated with increased AR expression and upregulation of the HER2/3-AKT signaling pathway. However, single agent therapy targeting AR, HER2/3 or AKT usually fails due to the reciprocal feedback loop. Previously, we reported that wedelolactone, apigenin, and luteolin are the active compounds in Wedelia chinensis herbal extract, and act synergistically to inhibit the AR activity in PCa. Here, we further demonstrated that an herbal extract of W. chinensis (WCE) effectively disrupted the AR, HER2/3, and AKT signaling networks and therefore enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of androgen ablation in PCa. Furthermore, WCE remained effective in suppressing AR and HER2/3 signaling in an in vivo adapted castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) LNCaP cell model that was insensitive to androgen withdrawal and second-line antiandrogen, enzalutamide. This study provides preclinical evidence that the use of a defined, single plant-derived extract can augment the therapeutic efficacy of castration with significantly prolonged progression-free survival. These data also establish a solid basis for using WCE as a candidate agent in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chuan Hsieh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai CH, Tzeng SF, Chao TK, Tsai CY, Yang YC, Lee MT, Hwang JJ, Chou YC, Tsai MH, Cha TL, Hsiao PW. Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Is Mediated by Autonomous Binding of Galectin-4-O-Glycan to Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5756-5767. [PMID: 27485450 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer continues to pose a difficult therapeutic challenge. Prostate cancer progression is associated with aberrant O-glycosylation of cancer cell surface receptors, but the functional impact of such events is uncertain. Here we report spontaneous metastasis of human prostate cancer xenografts that express high levels of galectin-4 along with genetic signatures of EGFR-HER2 signaling and O-glycosylation. Galectin-4 expression in clinical specimens of prostate cancer correlated with poor patient survival. Galectin-4 binding to multiple receptor tyrosine kinases stimulated their autophosphorylation, activated expression of pERK, pAkt, fibronectin, and Twist1, and lowered expression of E-cadherin, thereby facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. In vivo investigations established that galectin-4 expression enabled prostate cancer cells to repopulate tumors in orthotopic and heterotopic tissues. Notably, these effects of galectin-4 relied upon O-glycosylation mediated by C1GALT1, a galactosyltransferase implicated in other cancers. Parallel changes in galectin-4 and O-glycosylation triggered aberrant receptor signaling and more aggressive invasive character in prostate cancer cells, which through better survival in the circulation also contributed to the bulk cell progeny of distal tumors. Our findings establish galectin-4 and C1GALT1-mediated glycosylation in a signaling axis that is activated during prostate cancer progression, with implications for therapeutic targeting of advanced metastatic disease. Cancer Res; 76(19); 5756-67. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Jiuan Hwang
- Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Lung Cha
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Tsai CH, Tzeng SF, Hsieh SC, Lin CY, Tsai CJ, Chen YR, Yang YC, Chou YW, Lee MT, Hsiao PW. Development of a standardized and effect-optimized herbal extract of Wedelia chinensis for prostate cancer. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:406-14. [PMID: 25837279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is a popular complementary or alternative treatment for prostate cancer. Wedelia chinensis has at least three active compounds, wedelolactone, luteolin, and apigenin synergistically inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth in vitro. Here, we report a systematic study to develop a standardized and effect-optimized herbal extract, designated as W. chinensis extract (WCE) to facilitate its future scientific validation and clinical use. Ethanolic extract of dried W. chinensis plant was further condensed, acid hydrolyzed, and enriched with preparative chromatography. The chemical compositions of multiple batches of the standardized preparation WCE were quantified by LC/MS/MS, and biological activities were analyzed by in vitro and in vivo assays. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of the holistic WCE were compared with the combination of the equivalent principal active compounds through oral administration. The results indicated that quantitative chemical assay and PSA (prostate-specific antigen)-reporter assay together are suitable to measure the quality and efficacy of a standardized Wedelia extract on a xenograft tumor model. The presence of minor concomitant compounds in WCE prolonged the systemic exposure to the active compounds, thus augmented the anti-tumor efficacy of WCE. In conclusion, a combination of LC/MS/MS and PSA reporter assay is suitable to qualify a standardized preparation of WCE. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of active compounds demonstrate that holistic WCE exerted additional pharmacological synergy beyond the multi-targeted therapeutic effects caused by more than one active compound. WCE merits a higher priority to be studied for use in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chuan Hsieh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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Tzeng SF, Tsai CH, Lee MS, Hsiao PW. Abstract B85: High malignant prostate cancer cells developed enhanced tumor-initiating/metastatasis-initiating activity and altered the lung microenvironment. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.chtme14-b85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hormone-refractory and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) both result in therapeutic failure. Developing PCa animal model is critical to understand the cancer progression and to access therapeutic effects. Here, we established the orthotopic xenograft of androgen-independent PCa cell line, 22Rv1, in nude mouse model and cultured the metastatic cancer cells. The same procedure was repeated to evolve highly metastatic cells, 22Rv1-LN3. In experimental metastasis, 22Rv1-LN3 can colonize and grow in the LN, lung and brain through tail vein injection but 22Rv1 cell failed to colonize in these organs. Besides, intracardiac injection of 22Rv1-LN3 also caused bone metastasis. In the model, we found 22Rv1-LN3 cell have higher protease activity (e.g. matriptase and MMP9) along with lower level of protease inhibitors, (e.g. HAI-2, a matriptase inhibitor and TIMP2/TIMP3). Transcriptional level of these genes determined the in vitro invasion activity and in vivo tumorigenicity. Given the differential capacity to seed different tissues, we further analyze the stem cell property by tumorsphere assay and in vivo transplantation with a reduced cell number. Sphere-formation rate in 22Rv1-LN3 cells was 8% compared to only 0.1% in 22Rv1 cells. Tumorigenicity of 22Rv1-LN3 cells in orthotopic transplantation was 100% (8/8) compared to 20% (2/10) in 22Rv1 cells. Moreover, primary tumor of 22Rv1-LN3 cells developed spontaneous metastases in lymph nodes and lung at 8-week, whereas 22Rv1 cells hardly metastasized even at 14-week. As analyzed by qRT-PCR, primary 22Rv1-LN3 tumor vs. 22Rv1-Luc2 induced higher levels of Arginase and iNOS expression in lung tissue, which indicates the proclivity for metastatic niche formation. In conclusion, this PCa progression model not only elevated the malignant properties of cancer cells but also influenced the tumor microenvironment.
Citation Format: Sheue-Fen Tzeng, Chin-Hsien Tsai, Ming-Shyue Lee, Pei-Wen Hsiao. High malignant prostate cancer cells developed enhanced tumor-initiating/metastatasis-initiating activity and altered the lung microenvironment. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B85. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-B85
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- 1Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan,
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- 2Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan,
| | - Ming-Shyue Lee
- 3Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- 2Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan,
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11
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Tsai CH, Tzeng SF, Hsiao PW. Abstract A58: Characterized herbal extract of Wedelia chinensis suppresses prostate cancer growth and metastasis by targeting multiple intrinsic pathways and modulating immune cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.chtme14-a58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the principal active compounds (wedelolectone, luteolin, and apigenin) in the ethanol extract of Wedelia chinensis synergistically inhibit human prostate carcinoma 22Rv1 cell growth and that this extract therefore has potential for use as a prostate cancer (PCa) therapy. Here, we developed a standardized preparation for a W. chinensis ethanol extract that is enriched in the principal active compounds. A comparison of the effect of herbal treatment, androgen ablation therapy, and a combination of the two on the development of androgen-dependent LNCaP tumors in a mouse model showed that the herbal extract alone decreased androgen-induced tumor growth and when in combination with androgen ablation therapy, resulted in more potent inhibition of both tumor growth and cancer metastasis. Our study demonstrated this herbal remedy simultaneously inhibited androgen receptor, NFκB and HER2/3-AKT signaling pathways to induce cell apoptosis. Importantly, our herbal remedy diminished androgen receptor overexpression and AKT activation induced by androgen ablation thus preventing castration-resistant PCa development. Moreover, the herbal remedy standing-alone curbed chemokine expression from hormone-refractory PC-3 tumor and consequently restrained the mobilization of CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells in tumor-bearing mice, which effectively inhibited PCa growth and metastasis. In conclusion, this standardized preparation of W. chinensis ethanol extract improved the outcome of PCa therapy either as an add-on to hormonal therapy for androgen-dependent disease or as a monotherapy for hormone-refractory disease.
Citation Format: Chin-Hsien Tsai, Sheue-Fen Tzeng, Pei-Wen Hsiao. Characterized herbal extract of Wedelia chinensis suppresses prostate cancer growth and metastasis by targeting multiple intrinsic pathways and modulating immune cells. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A58. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-A58
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Cheng TS, Chen WC, Lin YY, Tsai CH, Liao CI, Shyu HY, Ko CJ, Tzeng SF, Huang CY, Yang PC, Hsiao PW, Lee MS. Curcumin-targeting pericellular serine protease matriptase role in suppression of prostate cancer cell invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:495-505. [PMID: 23466486 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0293-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin has been shown to possess potent chemopreventive and antitumor effects on prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanism involved in curcumin's ability to suppress prostate cancer cell invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis is not yet well understood. In this study, we have shown that curcumin can suppress epidermal growth factor (EGF)- stimulated and heregulin-stimulated PC-3 cell invasion, as well as androgen-induced LNCaP cell invasion. Curcumin treatment significantly resulted in reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and downregulation of cellular matriptase, a membrane-anchored serine protease with oncogenic roles in tumor formation and invasion. Our data further show that curcumin is able to inhibit the induction effects of androgens and EGF on matriptase activation, as well as to reduce the activated levels of matriptase after its overexpression, thus suggesting that curcumin may interrupt diverse signal pathways to block the protease. Furthermore, the reduction of activated matriptase in cells by curcumin was also partly due to curcumin's effect on promoting the shedding of matriptase into an extracellular environment, but not via altering matriptase gene expression. In addition, curcumin significantly suppressed the invasive ability of prostate cancer cells induced by matriptase overexpression. In xenograft model, curcumin not only inhibits prostate cancer tumor growth and metastasis but also downregulates matriptase activity in vivo. Overall, the data indicate that curcumin exhibits a suppressive effect on prostate cancer cell invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis, at least in part via downregulating matriptase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Shan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, R817, 8F, No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Tzeng SF, Bresnahan JC, Beattie MS, de Vellis J. Upregulation of the HLH Id gene family in neural progenitors and glial cells of the rat spinal cord following contusion injury. J Neurosci Res 2001; 66:1161-72. [PMID: 11746449 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.10089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a complex sequence of cellular responses, including astrocyte activation, oligodendrocyte death, and ependymal cell proliferation. Inhibitors of DNA binding (Id1, Id2, Id3) belong to a helix-loop-helix (HLH) gene family. Id genes have been implicated in playing a vital role in the proliferation of many cell types, including astrocytes and myoblasts. In the present study, the expression of Id family members in spinal cord after contusion injury was investigated by in situ hybridization. Id1, Id2, and Id3 mRNA expression was upregulated 5 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion center, and reached maximal levels 3 days after SCI. In addition, cell populations expressing Id1, Id2, and Id3 mRNA were maximally increased 3 days after SCI. The increase in Id2 and Id3 mRNA expression and Id2 and Id3 mRNA+ cells was still observed at 8 days. The Id mRNA expressing cells were phenotyped by combining immunostaining of cell-specific markers with in situ hybridization. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ astrocytes were found to express all three Id mRNA, whereas S-100alpha+ astrocytes only expressed high levels of Id2 and Id3 mRNA. Cells having a neural progenitor morphology and the marker nestin appeared after SCI and they expressed Id1, Id2, and Id3 mRNA. Interestingly, some Rip+ oligodendrocytes located in the areas close to the central canal expressed Id3 mRNA after injury. In conclusion, Id genes are upregulated in a time-dependent manner in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neural progenitor subpopulations after SCI, suggesting that they play major roles in cellular responses following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Neurobiology, Mental Retardation Research Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA
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14
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Abstract
Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) regulates tissue organization during development and in the adult. NCAM upregulation occurs after an injury to brains and sciatic nerves. However, little is known about NCAM expression after spinal cord injury (SCI). By using a complete spinal cord transection with a 5 mm tissue removal, an increase in the NCAM level is detected in spinal cord stumps proximal and distal to the transection site at 1 d and 3 d post injury, while its expression at 8 d is declined to a lower level than that observed in sham-operated spinal cords. The strong NCAM expression is present in motor neurons at 3 d post transection whereas the intensive NCAM immunostaining is localized in dorsal sensory and corticospinal fiber tracts at 8 d following injury. Collectively, NCAM level is elevated and strongly expressed in dorsal fiber tracts after SCI, implying that the endogenous process for spinal cord regeneration may take place after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Research and Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
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15
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Wu JP, Kuo JS, Liu YL, Tzeng SF. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates the proliferation of neural progenitors in the subventricular/ventricular zone of adult rat brain. Neurosci Lett 2000; 292:203-6. [PMID: 11018312 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the response of neural progenitors to inflammation following injuries of the central nervous system. In combination with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine that increased ED1+ activated microglia/macrophage population at injured sites, was administrated into adult rat brains. No difference in the immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was observed in the subventricular/ventricular zone (SVZ/VZ) between TNF-alpha injected sites and controls. However, BrdU+ cells were apparently observed in the SVZ/VZ proximal to TNF-alpha injected site, and the number of BrdU+ cells increased at 6 and 24 h post injection. Since cell apoptosis was rarely found in the SVZ/VZ after TNF-alpha injection, these observations suggest that the diffusible TNF-alpha may directly and/or indirectly modulate the proliferation of neural progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Wu
- Department of Research and Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 40705, Taichung city, Taiwan
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16
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Abstract
After CNS demyelination, astrogliosis interferes with axonal regeneration and remyelination. We now provide evidence that myelin basic protein (MBP) can contribute to this observed astrocyte proliferation. We found that astrocytes grown in either serum-containing or serum-free medium proliferate in response to MBP. The mitogenic regions of MBP in both media were MBP(1-44), MBP(88-151) and MBP(152-167). The mitogenic effect of these individual peptides was potentiated by simultaneous treatment with microglia conditioned media (CM). MBP-induced proliferation was inhibited by suramin at concentrations known to block the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), whereas neither MBP(1-44), MBP(88-151) nor MBP(152-167) were affected. Cholera toxin B, that binds to ganglioside GM(1), inhibited the mitogenicity of MBP(1-44) and had no significant effect on the mitogenicity of MBP, MBP(88-151) or MBP(152-167). Treatment of astrocytes with MBP and MBP(152-167) caused a modest and transitory elevation of intracellular calcium, whereas treatment with MBP(1-44) resulted in a substantial and sustained increase in intracellular calcium. These results suggest that for cultured astrocytes 1) FGFR and extracellular calcium play a major role in MBP mitogenicity; 2) MBP(1-44), MBP(88-151) and MBP(152-167) are the mitogenic regions of MBP; 3) MBP(1-44) and MBP(152-167) interact with ganglioside GM(1) and FGFR, respectively; 4) Component(s) present in microglial CM potentiate the mitogenicity of MBP(1-44), MBP(88-151) and MBP(152-167). These data support the hypothesis that MBP related peptides in conjunction with microglial secreted factors may stimulate astrogliosis after demyelination in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A South
- Research Service, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, IL 60141, USA
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17
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Abstract
Neural cells have distinct responses to CNS injury; however, neural progenitor response to CNS injury is not yet documented. Stab injury combined with injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analog, into adult rat cortex above the lateral ventricle for 10 min resulted in activated microglia/macrophage infiltration along with nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B)/p65 activation at the lesion site. Most NF kappa B/p65+ cells displayed a phagocytic morphology. Under these conditions, profound cell apoptosis took place in the injured corpus callosum, but not in the subventricular/ventricular zone (SVZ/VZ). The SVZ/VZ-derived neural progenitors in both injected and non-injected contralateral hemispheres showed strong BrdU immunostaining, indicating that SVZ/VZ-derived neural progenitors of both hemispheres may undergo DNA synthesis in response to unilateral brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Research and Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, R.O.C
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18
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Abstract
The inhibitors of DNA binding (Id) gene family is highly expressed during embryogenesis and throughout adulthood in the rat central nervous system (CNS). In vitro studies suggest that the Id gene family is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Recently, Id gene expression was shown to be expressed in immature and mature astrocytes during development and upregulated in reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury. These results suggest that the Id gene family may play an important role in regulating astrocyte development and reactivity; however, the factors regulating Id expression in astrocytes remain undefined. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, is thought to play a crucial role in astrocyte/microglia activation after injury to the CNS. To determine if TNF alpha plays a role in Id gene expression, we exogenously administered TNF alpha into developing postnatal rats. We report that TNF alpha injections resulted in a rapid and transient increase in both cell number and mRNA expression for Id2 and Id3 when compared to levels observed in noninjected or control-injected animals. Id1 mRNA levels were also upregulated after TNF alpha treatment, but to a lesser degree. Significant increases in TNF alpha-induced Id2 and Id3 mRNA were observed in the ventricular/subventricular zone, cingulum and corpus callosum. TNF alpha also increased Id2 mRNA expression in the caudate putamen and hippocampus at the injection site. Id2 and Id3 mRNA+ cells were identified as GFAP+ and S100 alpha + astrocytes as well as ED1+ microglia. This is the first report to show TNF-alpha-induced modulation of the Id gene family and suggests that Id may be involved in the formation of reactive astrocytes and activated microglia in the rodent brain. These results suggest a putative role for the Id family in the molecular mechanisms regulating cellular responsiveness to TNF alpha and CNS inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Neurobiology, UCLA School of Medicine, USA
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19
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Tzeng SF, Deibler GE, DeVries GH. Myelin basic protein and myelin basic protein peptides induce the proliferation of Schwann cells via ganglioside GM1 and the FGF receptor. Neurochem Res 1999; 24:255-60. [PMID: 9972872 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022514105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelin basic protein (MBP) and two peptides derived from MBP (MBP(1-44) and MBP(152-167)) stimulated Schwann cell (SC) proliferation in a cAMP-mediated process. The two mitogenic regions of MBP did not compete with one another for binding to SC suggesting a distinctive SC receptor for each mitogenic peptide. Neutralizing antibodies to the fibroblast growth factor receptor blocked the mitogenic effect of the myelin-related SC mitogen found in the supernatant of myelin-fed macrophages. The binding of 125I-MBP to Schwann cells was specifically inhibited by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and conversely the binding of 125I-bFGF was competitively inhibited by MBP. These data suggested that the mitogenic effect of one MBP peptide was mediated by a bFGF receptor. The binding of MBP to ganglioside GM1 and the ability of MBP peptides containing homology to the B subunit of cholera toxin (which binds ganglioside GM1) to compete for the binding of a mitogenic peptide (MBP(1-44)) to SC, identified ganglioside GM1 as a second SC receptor. Based on these results, we conclude that MBP(1-44) and MBP(152-167) associate with ganglioside GM1 and the bFGF receptor respectively to stimulate SC mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Research Service, Hines/VA Hospital, Illinois 60141, USA
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20
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Abstract
Id1, Id2, and Id3 mRNA are expressed mainly in the proliferating ependymal cell zone of the mouse brain during embryogenesis. In this study, the expression pattern and cell phenotypes of the Id family mRNA were examined in postnatal and adult rat brain. The expression of Idl and Id3 mRNA in rat brain was observed in the cortex layer 1, corpus callosum, ventricular/subventricular zone (VZ/ SVZ), and the CA1-4 layers of the hippocampus at postnatal day 1 (P1) through P14, whereby it declined at 2 months. In general, the developmental pattern of Idl mRNA coincided with the pattern observed for Id3 mRNA. Similar to Id1 and Id3, Id2 mRNA was highly expressed in the corpus callosum, VZ/SVZ, and the hippocampus. Examination of Id2 mRNA revealed high levels in the cortex and caudate putamen at P1 through P14, whereas a decline was observed in its expression in the adult cortex. In P5 rat cerebellum, all Id mRNA examined were found in the internal granular cell layers; however, at this time point, only Id2 mRNA expression was detected in the differentiating zone of the external granular cell layers, preferentially localizing to adult Purkinje cells. Furthermore, only Id2 mRNA expression in brain was observed in NF+ neurons at P5. Examination of S100alpha+ and GFAP+ astrocytes, revealed the presence of all three mRNAs, whereas the expression of Id2 and Id3 mRNA was absent in 04+ immature oligodendrocytes. These data suggest that the spatial and temporal kinetic patterns during development, as well as cellular specificity, of the Id gene family may play a critical role in neural precursor cell proliferation and cell divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Neurobiology, Mental Retardation Research Center, Neuropsychiatric Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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21
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Abstract
The Id family of helix-loop-helix factors (Id1, Id2, and Id3) expressed in many types of cells has been reported to negatively regulate myoblast differentiation and is required for G1/S progression of arrested fibroblasts. Our previous studies have indicated that Id1, Id2, and Id3 mRNA expression appear in the subventricular zone of 1-day-old rat brains. At later ages, Id3 mRNA was only expressed in astrocytes. We now report that Id1 and Id3 mRNA expression increased in astrocytes during the first hour of serum stimulation. Subsequently, the Id1 and Id3 mRNA levels gradually declined to basal level as observed in cultures without serum stimulation. However, there was no significant difference in Id2 mRNA expression between serum-treated and control astrocyte cultures within 1 h of serum induction. In addition, a strong nuclear immunostaining for Id2 and Id3 proteins was observed 24 h after serum stimulation. This observation is consistent with our results that show an increase in Id2 and Id3 protein levels following 24 h serum induction. Furthermore, DNA synthesis in FCS-stimulated astrocytes was blocked by antisense oligonucleotides against Id3 mRNA. The addition of Id3 antisense oligonucleotides caused approximately 50% reduction in Id3 mRNA and protein levels when compared to that in sense-treated cultures. The results indicate that the inhibition of DNA synthesis in FCS-stimulated astrocytes is due to a decrease in Id3 levels by the antisense. These observations suggest that Id3 may play an important role in the regulation of astrocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Neurobiology, Mental Retardation Research Center and Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA
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22
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Tzeng SF, Deibler GE, Neuberger TJ, DeVries GH. Two mitogenic regions of myelin basic protein interact with different receptors to induce Schwann cell proliferation in a cAMP dependent process. J Neurosci Res 1995; 42:758-67. [PMID: 8847737 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.490420604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that myelin basic protein (MBP) is mitogenic for Schwann cells (SCs) in the presence of elevated intracellular cAMP. Two mitogenic regions of MBP have been identified: one mitogenic region within the first 44 residues of the aminoterminus (1-44) and the other mitogenic region within the terminal 15 residues of the carboxyl end of the molecule (152-167). Unlike the mitogenic effect of a myelin enriched fraction (MEF), the mitogenic effect of MBP was not reduced by the addition of the lysosomal inhibitor, ammonium chloride. These data indicate that MBP causes SC proliferation by direct interaction of MBP with a surface receptor. Using Scatchard analysis of the binding of MBP to SCs, we report that treatment with forskolin does not cause the upregulation of receptors for MBP. Moreover, MBP blocks the cross-linking of 125I-bFGF with two fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors having apparent molecular weights of 140 kDa and 120 kDa, respectively. Since neither TGF-beta nor PDGF-BB displaced cell surface bound 125I-MBP, we conclude that MBP binds to the FGF receptor rather than other growth factor receptors. Furthermore, only MBP interacted with ganglioside GM1, whereas MBP did not interact with this ganglioside. These results are consistent with the view that ganglioside GM1 mediates the mitogenic effects of MBP, while the FGF receptor mediates the mitogenic effect of MBP. Intracellular cAMP of SCs was transiently increased after the addition of macrophage conditioned medium, suggesting that macrophages may produce factors in vivo which can transiently elevate intracellular cAMP levels, allowing a wave of SC proliferation in response to MBP-related mitogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, USA
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23
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Abstract
Treatment of cultured oligodendrocytes (OLGs) with micromolar quantities of myelin basic protein (MBP) caused a rapid, MBP-dose-dependent cell death. In contrast, a 72-hr incubation of OLGs with MBP peptides (1-44, 47-87, 88-151, or 152-167) at comparable concentrations had no effect on cell viability. MBP and MBP peptides (1-44 and 88-151) have been shown to interact with ganglioside GM1 (Tzeng et al.: J Neurochem Res: 42:758-767, 1995). This interaction has been reported to increase calcium influx. Therefore, using the fluorescent dye Indo-1 and an ACAS laser cytometer, we examined the level of intracellular calcium in OLGs after MBP treatment. MBP was shown to provoke a rapid, dramatic, and sustained rise of intracellular calcium in most OLGs. The levels of elevated intracellular calcium were sustained and did not return to baseline even after 10 min. This increase of intracellular calcium was suppressed in the presence of EGTA, indicating that the [Ca2+]i rise was due to the entry of extracellular calcium. Incubation of cultured OLGs with MBP peptides (1-44 or 88-151) caused a modest and transitory elevation of intracellular calcium ions in a lower percentage of OLGs. The potent OLG cytotoxicity of intact MBP and the loss of potency after proteolysis raise the possibility that MBP proteolysis during demyelination protects OLGs from death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Tzeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, USA
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24
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Wong KK, Tzeng SF. Norepinephrine-induced contractile responses in isolated rat aortae from different duration of diabetes. Artery 1992; 19:1-13. [PMID: 1346740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined contractile responses to norepinephrine in isolated aortae from 4-, 8-, and 12-week duration of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. The pD2 value and the maximum contractile responses were significantly increased in 8-week and 12-week diabetic aortae, respectively, compared to the age-matched control aortae. Moreover, the bethanechol-induced relaxation of 12-week diabetic aortae preconstricted with norepinephrine was also significantly different from the age-matched control aortae. On the other hand, the KCl-, phenylephrine-induced contraction in 4-, 8-, and 12-week diabetic and age-matched control aortae were similar. Presumably the duration of diabetes altered the sensitivity and responsiveness of aortae to norepinephrine. The possibility of the enhanced norepinephrine response in diabetic aortae was discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Bethanechol
- Bethanechol Compounds/pharmacology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Relaxation/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Norepinephrine/pharmacology
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Reference Values
- Time Factors
- Verapamil/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Wong
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lee TC, Tzeng SF, Chang WJ, Lin YC, Jan KY. Post-treatments with sodium arsenite during G2 enhance the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by S-dependent clastogens. Mutat Res 1986; 163:263-9. [PMID: 3785262 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(86)90024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with sodium arsenite during the G2 phase potentiated the chromatid breaks and chromatid exchanges induced by ultraviolet light or 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide but not those induced by methyl methanesulfonate, ethyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin C or cisplatin in Chinese hamster ovary cells. A comparison was made between the effects of treatment during G2 with sodium arsenite, cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, aphidicolin, hydroxyurea, caffeine, 3-aminobenzamide and novobiocin on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by the above-mentioned S-dependent clastogens. It was found that the effects varied considerably, both quantitatively and qualitatively. However, potentiation was more often observed in the chromosomal aberrations induced by ultraviolet light and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide than by other S-dependent clastogens, and the frequency of chromatid exchanges was potentiated only in cells pretreated with ultraviolet light or 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. Furthermore, for all of the S-dependent clastogens studied, treatment with cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside during the G2 phase potentiated the frequency of chromatid breaks but not the frequency of chromatid exchanges.
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Abstract
The anaerobic parasitic protozoa Tritrichomonas foetus is found incapable of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis by its failure to incorporate bicarbonate, aspartate, or orotate into pyrimidine nucleotides or nucleic acids. Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase in the cytoplasm provides the major pyrimidine salvage for the parasite. Exogenous uridine and cytidine are mostly converted to uracil by uridine phosphorylase and cytidine deaminase in T. foetus prior to incorporation. T. foetus cannot incorporate labels from exogenous uracil or uridine into DNA; it has no detectable dihydrofolate reductase or thymidylate synthetase and is resistant to methotrexate, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, and 5-bromovinyldeoxyuridine at millimolar concentrations. It has an enzyme thymidine phosphotransferase in cellular fraction pelleting at 100,000 X g that can convert exogenous thymidine to TMP via a phosphate donor such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate or nucleoside 5'-monophosphate. Thymidine salvage in T. foetus is thus totally dissociated from other pyrimidine salvage.
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Tzeng SF, Ho IK. Acute and continuous morphine administration on the gamma-aminobutyric acid system in the mouse. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol 1978; 2:55-64. [PMID: 724826 DOI: 10.1016/0364-7722(78)90022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Methanobacterium ruminantium was shown to possess a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)-linked factor 420 (F420)-dependent hydrogenase system. This system was also shown to be present in Methanobacterium strain MOH. The hydrogenase system of M. ruminantium also links directly to F420, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin mononucleotide (FMN), methyl viologen, and Fe-3 plus. It has a pH optimum of about 8 and an apparent Km for F420 of about 5 x 10-6 M at pH 8 when NADP is the electron acceptor. The F420-NADP oxidoreductase activity is inactive toward nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) and no NADPH:NAD or FADH2(FMNH2):NAD transhydrogenase system was detected. Neither crude ferredoxin nor boiled crude extract of Clostridium pasteuranum could replace F420 in the NADP-linked hydrogenase reaction of M. ruminantium. Also, neitther F420 nor a curde "ferredoxin" fraction from M. ruminantium extracts could substitute for ferredoxin in the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase reaction of C. pasteurianum.
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