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Kubánková M, López-Duarte I, Bull JA, Vadukul DM, Serpell LC, de Saint Victor M, Stride E, Kuimova MK. Probing supramolecular protein assembly using covalently attached fluorescent molecular rotors. Biomaterials 2017. [PMID: 28622603 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in microscopic viscosity and macromolecular crowding accompany the transition of proteins from their monomeric forms into highly organised fibrillar states. Previously, we have demonstrated that viscosity sensitive fluorophores termed 'molecular rotors', when freely mixed with monomers of interest, are able to report on changes in microrheology accompanying amyloid formation, and measured an increase in rigidity of approximately three orders of magnitude during aggregation of lysozyme and insulin. Here we extend this strategy by covalently attaching molecular rotors to several proteins capable of assembly into fibrils, namely lysozyme, fibrinogen and amyloid-β peptide (Aβ(1-42)). We demonstrate that upon covalent attachment the molecular rotors can successfully probe supramolecular assembly in vitro. Importantly, our new strategy has wider applications in cellulo and in vivo, since covalently attached molecular rotors can be successfully delivered in situ and will colocalise with the aggregating protein, for example inside live cells. This important advantage allowed us to follow the microscopic viscosity changes accompanying blood clotting and during Aβ(1-42) aggregation in live SH-SY5Y cells. Our results demonstrate that covalently attached molecular rotors are a widely applicable tool to study supramolecular protein assembly and can reveal microrheological features of aggregating protein systems both in vitro and in cellulo not observable through classical fluorescent probes operating in light switch mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Kubánková
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ismael López-Duarte
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James A Bull
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Devkee M Vadukul
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Louise C Serpell
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | | | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Ozadali-Sari K, Tüylü Küçükkılınç T, Ayazgok B, Balkan A, Unsal-Tan O. Novel multi-targeted agents for Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of novel 2-[4-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]benzimidazoles. Bioorg Chem 2017; 72:208-214. [PMID: 28478328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the synthesis, pharmacological evaluation (BChE/AChE inhibition, Aβ antiaggregation, and neuroprotective effects), and molecular modeling studies of novel 2-[4-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]benzimidazole derivatives. The alkyl-substituted derivatives exhibited selective inhibition on BChE with varying efficiency. Compounds 3b and 3d were found to be the most potent inhibitors of BChE with IC50 values of 5.18 and 5.22μM, respectively. The kinetic studies revealed that 3b is a partial non-competitive BChE inhibitor. Molecular modeling studies also showed that the alkyl-substituted derivatives were able to reach the catalytic anionic site of the BChE. The compounds with an inhibitory effect on BChE were subsequently screened for their Aβ antiaggregating and neuroprotective activities. Compounds 3a and 3b exerted a potential neuroprotective effect against H2O2 and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Collectively, 3b was found as the most promising compound for the development of multi-target directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keriman Ozadali-Sari
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Beyza Ayazgok
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayla Balkan
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oya Unsal-Tan
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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Chai WM, Lin MZ, Song FJ, Wang YX, Xu KL, Huang JX, Fu JP, Peng YY. Rifampicin as a novel tyrosinase inhibitor: Inhibitory activity and mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:425-430. [PMID: 28414110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the inhibitory effect and mechanism of rifampicin on the activity of tyrosinase were investigated for developing a novel tyrosinase inhibitor. It was found to have a significant inhibition on the activity of tyrosinase (IC50=90±0.6μM). From the kinetics analysis, it was proved to be a reversible and noncompetitive type inhibitor of the enzyme with the KI value of 94±3.5μM. The results obtained from intrinsic fluorescence quenching indicated that rifampicin could interact with tyrosinase. In particular, the drastic decrease of fluorescence intensity was due to the formation of a rifampicin-enzyme complex in a static procedure which was mainly driven by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding. Moreover, the ANS-binding fluorescence analysis suggested that rifampicin binding to tyrosinase changed the polarity of the hydrophobic regions. Molecular docking analysis further revealed that the hydrogen bonds were generated between rifampicin and amino residues Leu7, Ser52, and Glu107 in the B chain of the enzyme. And the hydrophobic forces produced through the interaction of rifampicin with B chain residues Pro9, Pro14, and Trp106. This work identified a novel tyrosinase inhibitor and potentially contributed to the usage of rifampicin as a potential hyperpigmentation drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Chai
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
| | - Mei-Zhen Lin
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Fang-Jun Song
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Ying-Xia Wang
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Kai-Li Xu
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Jin-Xin Huang
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Jian-Ping Fu
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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Discovery and characterization of novel indole and 7-azaindole derivatives as inhibitors of β-amyloid-42 aggregation for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1405-1411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen B, Cao H, Chen L, Yang X, Tian X, Li R, Cheng O. Rifampicin Attenuated Global Cerebral Ischemia Injury via Activating the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:273. [PMID: 27965540 PMCID: PMC5126053 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have found that rifampicin has neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been considered a potential target for neuroprotection. In this study, we examined whether rifampicin exhibits beneficial effects mediated by the Nrf2 pathway after global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to four groups that included a sham group and three treatment groups with global ischemia-reperfusion [control, rifampicin, and rifampicin plus brusatol (an inhibitor of Nrf2)]. Rats were subjected to transient GCI induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 20 min with systemic hypotension by blood withdrawal. The Morris water maze test was performed for neurobehavioral testing, whereas the pathological changes were investigated using HE and TUNEL staining. The protein expression of Nrf2, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the hippocampus were analyzed by Western blotting. The immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the distribution of Nrf2. Results: Rifampicin treatment significantly improved spatial learning ability compared with the control group, which was consistent with the pathological changes. In addition, rifampicin significantly elevated the nuclear expression of Nrf2, Nrf2 downstream anti-oxidant protein, HO-1 compared with the control group, and it simultaneously downregulated the expression of COX-2 in the hippocampus on day 3 after ischemia-reperfusion. Interestingly, the forenamed effects of rifampicin were abolished by pretreatment with brusatol, a specific inhibitor of Nrf2 activation. Conclusions: Rifampicin exerts neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia, which may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of ChongqingChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; The Second People's Hospital of Banan DistrictChongqing, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Oumei Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
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López-García I, Gerő D, Szczesny B, Szoleczky P, Olah G, Módis K, Zhang K, Gao J, Wu P, Sowers LC, DeWitt D, Prough DS, Szabo C. Development of a stretch-induced neurotrauma model for medium-throughput screening in vitro: identification of rifampicin as a neuroprotectant. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 175:284-300. [PMID: 27723079 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We hypothesized that an in vitro, stretch-based model of neural injury may be useful to identify compounds that decrease the cellular damage in neurotrauma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We screened three neural cell lines (B35, RN33B and SH-SY5Y) subjected to two differentiation methods and selected all-trans-retinoic acid-differentiated B35 rat neuroblastoma cells subjected to rapid stretch injury, coupled with a subthreshold concentration of H2 O2 , for the screen. The model induced marked alterations in gene expression and proteomic signature of the cells and culminated in delayed cell death (LDH release) and mitochondrial dysfunction [reduced 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) conversion]. Follow-up studies utilized human stem cell-derived neurons subjected to rapid stretch injury. KEY RESULTS From screening of a composite library of 3500 drugs, five drugs (when applied in a post-treatment regimen relative to stretch injury) improved both LDH and MTT responses. The effects of rifampicin were investigated in further detail. Rifampicin reduced cell necrosis and apoptosis and improved cellular bioenergetics. In a second model (stretch injury in human stem cell-derived neurons), rifampicin pretreatment attenuated LDH release, protected against the loss of neurite length and maintained neuron-specific class III β-tubulin immunoreactivity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We conclude that the current model is suitable for medium-throughput screening to identify compounds with neuroprotective potential. Rifampicin, when applied either in pre- or post-treatment, improves the viability of neurons subjected to stretch injury and protects against neurite loss. Rifampicin may be a candidate for repurposing for the therapy of traumatic brain injury. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel López-García
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Domokos Gerő
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Petra Szoleczky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gabor Olah
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Katalin Módis
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kangling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jungling Gao
- Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Lawrence C Sowers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Doug DeWitt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Donald S Prough
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Ajmal MR, Chaturvedi SK, Zaidi N, Alam P, Zaman M, Siddiqi MK, Nusrat S, Jamal MS, Mahmoud MH, Badr G, Khan RH. Biophysical insights into the interaction of hen egg white lysozyme with therapeutic dye clofazimine: modulation of activity and SDS induced aggregation of model protein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:2197-2210. [PMID: 27400444 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1211552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study details the binding process of clofazimine to hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) using spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and molecular docking techniques. Clofazimine binds to the protein with binding constant (Kb) in the order of 1.57 × 104 at 298 K. Binding process is spontaneous and exothermic. Molecular docking results suggested the involvement of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions in the binding process. Bacterial cell lytic activity in the presence of clofazimine increased to more than 40% of the value obtained with HEWL only. Interaction of the drug with HEWL induced ordered secondary structure in the protein and molecular compaction. Clofazimine also effectively inhibited the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) induced amyloid formation in HEWL and caused disaggregation of preformed fibrils, reinforcing the notion that there is involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding in the binding process of clofazimine with HEWL and clofazimine destabilizes the mature fibrils. Further, TEM images confirmed that fibrillar species were absent in the samples where amyloid induction was performed in the presence of clofazimine. As clofazimine is a drug less explored for the inhibition of fibril formation of the proteins, this study reports the inhibition of SDS-induced amyloid formation of HEWL by clofazimine, which will help in the development of clofazimine-related molecules for the treatment of amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rehan Ajmal
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Sumit Kumar Chaturvedi
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Nida Zaidi
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Parvez Alam
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Masihuz Zaman
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | | | - Saima Nusrat
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Mohammad Sarwar Jamal
- b King Fahd Medical Research Center , King Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box: 80216, Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H Mahmoud
- c Deanship of Scientific Research , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.,d Food Science and Nutrition Department , National Research Center , Dokki, Cairo , Egypt
| | - Gamal Badr
- e Faculty of Science, Zoology Department , Assiut University , Assiut 71516 , Egypt
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- a Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
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Sano M, Aisen PS, Andrews HF, Tsai WY, Lai F, Dalton AJ. Vitamin E in aging persons with Down syndrome: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Neurology 2016; 86:2071-6. [PMID: 27164691 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether vitamin E would slow the progression of cognitive deterioration and dementia in aging persons with Down syndrome (DS). METHODS A randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted at 21 clinical sites, and researchers trained in research procedures recruited adults with DS older than 50 years to participate. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 1,000 IU of vitamin E orally twice daily for 3 years or identical placebo. The primary outcome was change on the Brief Praxis Test (BPT). Secondary outcomes included incident dementia and measures of clinical global change, cognition, function, and behavior. RESULTS A total of 337 individuals were randomized, 168 to vitamin E and 169 to placebo. Both groups demonstrated deterioration on the BPT with no difference between drug and placebo. At baseline, 26% were diagnosed with dementia and there was an overall rate of incident dementia of 11%/year with no difference between groups. There was no effect on the secondary outcome measures. Though numerically higher in the treatment group, there was no difference in the number of adverse events (p = 0.079) and deaths (p = 0.086) between groups. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin E did not slow the progression of cognitive deterioration in older individuals with DS. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that vitamin E does not significantly slow the progression of cognitive deterioration in aging persons with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sano
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island.
| | - Paul S Aisen
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island
| | - Howard F Andrews
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island
| | - Wei-Yann Tsai
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island
| | - Florence Lai
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island
| | - Arthur J Dalton
- From the Department of Psychiatry (M.S.), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters VAMC (M.S.), Bronx, NY; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (P.S.A.), University of Southern California, San Diego; Data Coordinating Center (H.F.A.), New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry (H.F.A.) and Division of Biostatistics (W.-Y.T.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (F.L.), McLean Hospital, Belmont; Harvard Medical School (F.L.), Boston, MA; and Center for Aging Studies (A.J.D.), George Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island
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Umeda T, Ono K, Sakai A, Yamashita M, Mizuguchi M, Klein WL, Yamada M, Mori H, Tomiyama T. Rifampicin is a candidate preventive medicine against amyloid-β and tau oligomers. Brain 2016; 139:1568-86. [PMID: 27020329 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein, or more specifically their soluble oligomers, are the aetiologic molecules in Alzheimer's disease, tauopathies, and α-synucleinopathies, respectively. These proteins have been shown to interact to accelerate each other's pathology. Clinical studies of amyloid-β-targeting therapies in Alzheimer's disease have revealed that the treatments after disease onset have little benefit on patient cognition. These findings prompted us to explore a preventive medicine which is orally available, has few adverse effects, and is effective at reducing neurotoxic oligomers with a broad spectrum. We initially tested five candidate compounds: rifampicin, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, myricetin, and scyllo-inositol, in cells expressing amyloid precursor protein (APP) with the Osaka (E693Δ) mutation, which promotes amyloid-β oligomerization. Among these compounds, rifampicin, a well-known antibiotic, showed the strongest activities against the accumulation and toxicity (i.e. cytochrome c release from mitochondria) of intracellular amyloid-β oligomers. Under cell-free conditions, rifampicin inhibited oligomer formation of amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein, indicating its broad spectrum. The inhibitory effects of rifampicin against amyloid-β and tau oligomers were evaluated in APPOSK mice (amyloid-β oligomer model), Tg2576 mice (Alzheimer's disease model), and tau609 mice (tauopathy model). When orally administered to 17-month-old APPOSK mice at 0.5 and 1 mg/day for 1 month, rifampicin reduced the accumulation of amyloid-β oligomers as well as tau hyperphosphorylation, synapse loss, and microglial activation in a dose-dependent manner. In the Morris water maze, rifampicin at 1 mg/day improved memory of the mice to a level similar to that in non-transgenic littermates. Rifampicin also inhibited cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and caspase 3 activation in the hippocampus. In 13-month-old Tg2576 mice, oral rifampicin at 0.5 mg/day for 1 month decreased amyloid-β oligomer accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, synapse loss, and microglial activation, but not amyloid deposition. Rifampicin treatment to 14-15-month-old tau609 mice at 0.5 and 1 mg/day for 1 month also reduced tau oligomer accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, synapse loss, and microglial activation in a dose-dependent fashion, and improved the memory almost completely at 1 mg/day. In addition, rifampicin decreased the level of p62/sequestosome-1 in the brain without affecting the increased levels of LC3 (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3) conversion, suggesting the restoration of autophagy-lysosomal function. Considering its prescribed dose and safety in humans, these results indicate that rifampicin could be a promising, ready-to-use medicine for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Umeda
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology and Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sakai
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minato Yamashita
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Structual Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - William L Klein
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology and Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takami Tomiyama
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
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Zhang S, Hou B, Yang H, Zuo Z. Design and prediction of new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor via quantitative structure activity relationship of huprines derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:591-602. [PMID: 26832327 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important enzyme in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Comparative quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses on some huprines inhibitors against AChE were carried out using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), and hologram QSAR (HQSAR) methods. Three highly predictive QSAR models were constructed successfully based on the training set. The CoMFA, CoMSIA, and HQSAR models have values of r (2) = 0.988, q (2) = 0.757, ONC = 6; r (2) = 0.966, q (2) = 0.645, ONC = 5; and r (2) = 0.957, q (2) = 0.736, ONC = 6. The predictabilities were validated using an external test sets, and the predictive r (2) values obtained by the three models were 0.984, 0.973, and 0.783, respectively. The analysis was performed by combining the CoMFA and CoMSIA field distributions with the active sites of the AChE to further understand the vital interactions between huprines and the protease. On the basis of the QSAR study, 14 new potent molecules have been designed and six of them are predicted to be more active than the best active compound 24 described in the literature. The final QSAR models could be helpful in design and development of novel active AChE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhili Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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63
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How SC, Yang SM, Hsin A, Tseng CP, Hsueh SS, Lin MS, Chen RPY, Chou WL, Wang SSS. Examining the inhibitory potency of food additive fast green FCF against amyloid fibrillogenesis under acidic conditions. Food Funct 2016; 7:4898-4907. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00792a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid fibril formation of hen lysozyme (HEWL) can be attenuated by fast green FCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Chun How
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Szu-Ming Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Ai Hsin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ping Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shu-Shun Hsueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | | | - Rita P.-Y. Chen
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry
| | - Wei-Lung Chou
- Department of Safety
- Health and Environmental Engineering
- Hungkuang University
- Taichung City 433
- Taiwan
| | - Steven S.-S. Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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64
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Metal chelation, radical scavenging and inhibition of Aβ₄₂ fibrillation by food constituents in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Food Chem 2015; 199:185-94. [PMID: 26775960 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Various food constituents have been proposed as disease-modifying agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD), due to epidemiological evidence of their beneficial effects, and for their ability to ameliorate factors linked to AD pathogenesis, namely by: chelating iron, copper and zinc; scavenging reactive oxygen species; and suppressing the fibrillation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ). In this study, nine different food constituents (l-ascorbic acid, caffeic acid, caffeine, curcumin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallic acid, propyl gallate, resveratrol, and α-tocopherol) were investigated for their effects on the above factors, using metal chelation assays, antioxidant assays, and assays of Aβ42 fibrillation. An assay method was developed using 5-Br-PAPS to examine the complexation of Zn(II) and Cu(II). EGCG, gallic acid, and curcumin were identified as a multifunctional compounds, however their poor brain uptake might limit their therapeutic effects. The antioxidants l-ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol, with better brain uptake, deserve further investigation for specifically addressing oxidative stress within the AD brain.
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65
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Shariatizi S, Meratan AA, Ghasemi A, Nemat-Gorgani M. Inhibition of amyloid fibrillation and cytotoxicity of lysozyme fibrillation products by polyphenols. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:95-106. [PMID: 26102331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies conducted under in vitro and in vivo conditions, have concluded that polyphenols, compounds frequently occurring in many herbs with antioxidant properties, prevent and reverse amyloid fibril formation. However, the mechanisms by which these natural products modulate the protein aggregation process are poorly understood. Herein, a range of techniques including thioflavin T (ThT) and ANS fluorescence assays, electron microscopy and circular dichroism have been employed to determine the efficacy of rosmarinic acid (RA) and resveratrol (Res) on the inhibition/reversion of fibrillogenesis and hindering cytotoxicity induced by protofibrils and amyloid fibrils of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Results demonstrated that both polyphenols effectively inhibit fibrillogenesis and destabilize preformed fibrils of HEWL in a concentration-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity protection on PC12 cells was also observed using the MTT assay, ROS production assay, and phase-contrast microscopy. It is suggested that the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of RA and Res is to prevent hydrophobic interactions between HEWL amyloidogenic prefibrillar species, although additional studies is needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms involved. A combination of antioxidative and anti-amyloidogenic properties of these molecules may provide them with the described neuroprotective capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Shariatizi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biotechnology, Ramin University of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Khouzestan, Iran.
| | - Atiyeh Ghasemi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
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Liang Y, Jing X, Zeng Z, Bi W, Chen Y, Wu X, Yang L, Liu J, Xiao S, Liu S, Lin D, Tao E. Rifampicin attenuates rotenone-induced inflammation via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia. Brain Res 2015; 1622:43-50. [PMID: 26086368 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has supported that environmental factors, such as exposure to heavy metal and pesticides, play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson׳s disease (PD). Rotenone, the active ingredient in various pesticides, has been identified as an inducer of PD. It has been revealed that rotenone induces activation of microglia and generation of pro-inflammatory factors in PD. Our previous studies demonstrated that rifampicin possessed neural protective effect in PD. In this study, we aimed to study the effect of rifampicin on the inflammation induced by rotenone in microglia and the underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrated that rifampicin pretreatment significantly reduced rotenone-induced cytotoxicity and gene expression of IL-1β in BV2 microglia. Moreover, western blot analysis verified that rifampicin pretreatment suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation via inhibiting caspase-1 cleavage and protein expression of NLRP3. As it is indicated that reactive oxidative stress (ROS) is one of the activators for NLRP3 inflammasome, we further employed 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining and Rhodamine123 staining to detect intracellular ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), respectively. Results confirmed that rifampicin obviously reduced intracellular ROS and reversed loss of MMP in BV2 cells treated by rotenone. Taken together, our data indicate that rifampicin pretreatment inhibits maturation of IL-1β and neuroinflammation induced by rotenone via attenuating NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Rifampicin might emerge as a promising candidate for modulating neuroinflammation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Liang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xiuna Jing
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhifen Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Bi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lianhong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shuqiong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Danyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Enxiang Tao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107, West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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67
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Zlatic CO, Mao Y, Ryan TM, Mok YF, Roberts BR, Howlett GJ, Griffin MDW. Fluphenazine·HCl and Epigallocatechin Gallate Modulate the Rate of Formation and Structural Properties of Apolipoprotein C-II Amyloid Fibrils. Biochemistry 2015; 54:3831-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney O. Zlatic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Timothy M. Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yee-Foong Mok
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Blaine R. Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Geoffrey J. Howlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael D. W. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Bio21 Molecular
Science and Biotechnology Institute, ‡The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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68
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Kaur P, Sodhi R. Memory recuperative potential of rifampicin in aluminum chloride-induced dementia: Role of pregnane X receptors. Neuroscience 2015; 288:24-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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69
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Turani M, Banfalvi G, Peter A, Kukoricza K, Kiraly G, Talas L, Tanczos B, Dezso B, Nagy G, Kemeny-Beke A. Antibiotics delay in vitro human stem cell regrowth. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:370-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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70
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Design, synthesis and in vitro testing of 7-methoxytacrine-amantadine analogues: a novel cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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71
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BI WEI, ZHU LIHONG, JING XIUNA, ZENG ZHIFEN, LIANG YANRAN, XU ANDING, LIU JUN, XIAO SONGHUA, YANG LIANHONG, SHI QIAOYUN, GUO LI, TAO ENXIANG. Rifampicin improves neuronal apoptosis in LPS-stimulated co‑cultured BV2 cells through inhibition of the TLR-4 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1793-9. [PMID: 25119251 PMCID: PMC4148376 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Agents inhibiting microglial activation are attracting attention as candidate drugs for neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, researchers have focused on the immunosuppression induced by rifampicin. Our previous study showed that rifampicin inhibits the production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory mediators and improves neuron survival in inflammation; however, the mechanism through which rifampicin inhibits microglial inflammation and its neuroprotective effects are not completely understood. In this study, we examined the effects of rifampicin on morphological changes induced by LPS in murine microglial BV2 cells. Then we investigated, in BV2 microglia, the effects of rifampicin on two signaling pathway componentss stimulated by LPS, the Toll‑like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In addition, we co-cultured BV2 microglia and neurons to observe the indirect neuroprotective effects of rifampicin. Rifampicin inhibited LPS-stimulated expression of the TLR-4 gene. When neurons were co-cultured with LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia, pre-treatment with rifampicin increased neuronal viability and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that rifampicin, with its anti-inflammatory properties, may be a promising agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- WEI BI
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - LIHONG ZHU
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - XIUNA JING
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - ZHIFEN ZENG
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - YANRAN LIANG
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - ANDING XU
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - JUN LIU
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - SONGHUA XIAO
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - LIANHONG YANG
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - QIAOYUN SHI
- Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - LI GUO
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - ENXIANG TAO
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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72
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Syntheses of coumarin–tacrine hybrids as dual-site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and their activity against butylcholinesterase, Aβ aggregation, and β-secretase. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:4784-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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73
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RIFAMPICIN: an antibiotic with brain protective function. Brain Res Bull 2014; 107:37-42. [PMID: 24905548 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Besides its well known antibiotic activity rifampicin exerts multiple brain protective functions in acute cerebral ischemia and chronic neurodegeneration. The present mini-review gives an update of the unique activity of rifampicin in different diseases including Parkinson's disease, meningitis, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and optic nerve injury.
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74
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Cakici O, Aksak S, Unal D, Sipal S, Keles S, Dumlu T, Karamese M. Effects of intraocular rifampicin on retinal ganglion cell structure: a stereological and histopathological study. Int J Ophthalmol 2013; 6:596-9. [PMID: 24195032 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2013.05.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the histopathological changes of rifampicin applied intravitreally on retinal ganglion cells by means of stereological and histopathological methods. METHODS For this study twenty-four New Zealand adult rabbits were divided into four groups (n=6 for each group). 50µg/0.1mL (group 1), 100µg/0.1mL (group 2), 150µg/0.1mL (group 3) and 200µg/0.1mL (group 4), rifampicin were injected into the vitreous of the right eyes of animals, their left eyes were used as control (group 5). After the 28(th) day of application, animals were anesthetised with xylazine (8mg/kg, IM) and then their eyes were enucleated immediately. Patterns were taken away and eyes were prepared for both stereological and electromicroscopic observation. RESULTS Depending on the high dose of rifampicin, some histopathological changes such as cytoplasmic dilatation and damaged membrane were observed on the electromicroscopic level. Using quantitative examination, which was done at the light microscopic level, it was shown that the number of neurons decreased linearly as rifampicin dose increased when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, low-dose rifampicin (50µg/0.1mL) may be useful for treatment of the ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgür Cakici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Research and Education Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
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75
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Appleby BS, Nacopoulos D, Milano N, Zhong K, Cummings JL. A review: treatment of Alzheimer's disease discovered in repurposed agents. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2013; 35:1-22. [PMID: 23307039 DOI: 10.1159/000345791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Many compounds that have already been approved for alternate diagnoses have been studied in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this review is to summarize these studies and discuss the rationale and benefits of repurposing drugs for AD treatment. METHODS Studies of drugs related to AD treatment that were relevant to a disease-modifying mechanism of action (MOA) and are already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for non-AD diagnoses were collected from PubMed. RESULTS Many drugs already approved for the treatment of other diseases have been studied in relation to AD treatment. Numerous drugs with known toxicity profiles have the potential to be repurposed as a treatment for AD. CONCLUSION Known MOA, toxicology, and pharmacodynamic profiles would accelerate the process and increase the odds of finding a more timely disease-modifying treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Appleby
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland, OH, USA
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76
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Molloy DW, Standish TI, Zhou Q, Guyatt G. A multicenter, blinded, randomized, factorial controlled trial of doxycycline and rifampin for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the DARAD trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 28:463-70. [PMID: 22718435 DOI: 10.1002/gps.3846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preliminary evidence suggested that doxycycline and rifampin might stop or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We carried out a randomized trial to confirm or refute these findings. METHODS A multicenter, blinded, randomized, 2 × 2 factorial controlled trial, set at 14 geriatric outpatient clinics in Canada. Four hundred and six patients with mild to moderate AD (standardized mini mental state examination (SMMSE) score 14-26) participated. The intervention was 12 months' treatment with doxycycline 100 mg twice daily + rifampin 300 mg daily or doxycycline 100 mg twice daily + placebo-rifampin daily or rifampin 300 mg daily + placebo-doxycycline twice daily or placebo-doxycycline twice daily + placebo-rifampin daily. Coprimary outcomes were the Standardized Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (SADAS-cog) and the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of the Boxes (CDR-SB). Secondary outcomes were the SMMSE, Quick mild cognitive impairment screen, Geriatric Depression Scale, Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, activities of daily living (Lawton Scale), and the Dysfunctional Behavior Rating Instrument frequency and reaction subscales. RESULTS There was a significant deterioration in SADAS-cog over time with both rifampin and doxycycline in comparison with placebo. When the two were used together, there was no statistically significant decline/deterioration in comparison with placebo (n = 305). For the CDR-SB, there were no significant effects of either rifampin or doxycycline. Secondary outcome results followed similar patterns. CONCLUSION Twelve months' treatment with doxycycline or rifampin, alone or in combination, has no beneficial effects on cognition or function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D William Molloy
- Department of Gerontology and Rehabilitation, University College Cork, St Finbarrs Hospital, Ireland.
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77
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Ferrocene tripeptide Gly-Pro-Arg conjugates: Synthesis and inhibitory effects on Alzheimer’s Aβ1–42 fibrillogenesis and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:395-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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78
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Ghosh S, Pandey NK, Dasgupta S. (-)-Epicatechin gallate prevents alkali-salt mediated fibrillogenesis of hen egg white lysozyme. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 54:90-8. [PMID: 23219698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are found to be potent inhibitors of amyloid fibril formation. We report the effective inhibitory property of (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) during the alkali-salt induced fibrillogenesis of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) at 37 °C. Spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence, circular dichroism and microscopic images show that (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) show moderate inhibition of fibrillation with ECG as the most potent polyphenol. Aromatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, the radical scavenging activity and autoxidation of polyphenols are likely to be the major reasons for ECG being the most effective inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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79
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Design, synthesis, and bioevaluation of benzamides: Novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with multi-functions on butylcholinesterase, Aβ aggregation, and β-secretase. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6739-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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80
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Abstract
Rifampicin is a macrocyclic antibiotic used extensively for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. Recently, it was discovered that rifampicin exhibits neuroprotective effects. It has been shown to protect PC12 cells against MPP(+)-induced apoptosis and inhibit the expression of α-synuclein multimers. In in vitro studies, rifampicin pretreatment protects PC12 cells against rotenone-induced cell death. Qualitative and quantitative analyses uncover that rifampicin significantly suppresses rotenone-induced apoptosis by ameliorating mitochondrial oxidative stress. It reduces microglial inflammation and improves neuron survival. Our results indicate that rifampicin is cytoprotective under a variety of experimental conditions, and suggest that it may be useful in PD therapeutics. It is the aim of this paper to review the experimental neuroprotection data reported using rifampicin with a focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cytoprotective effect in in vitro models of PD.
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81
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Partovi-Nia R, Beheshti S, Qin Z, Mandal HS, Long YT, Girault HH, Kraatz HB. Study of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ12-28-Cys) interactions with Congo red and β-sheet breaker peptides using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6377-6385. [PMID: 22449117 DOI: 10.1021/la300093h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A surface-based approach is presented to study the interactions of Aβ12-28-Cys assembled on gold surfaces with Congo red (CR) and a β-sheet breaker (BSB) peptide. The various aspects of the peptide film have been examined using different electrochemical and surface analytical techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results using redox probes [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-) show that Aβ12-28-Cys on gold forms a stable and reproducible blocking film. EIS analysis shows that CR and BSB have different effects on the electrochemical properties of Aβ12-28-Cys films, presumably due to changes in the interactions between the film and CR and BSB. EIS results indicate that in the case of CR film resistance decreases significantly presumably due to better penetration of the solution-based redox probe into the film, whereas in the case of BSB, the film resistance increases. We interpret this difference to BSB being able to interact with the Aβ12-28-Cys on the surface and presumably forming a film that presents a higher resistance for electron transfer from the redox probe to the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Partovi-Nia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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82
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The pharmacology of curcumin: is it the degradation products? Trends Mol Med 2012; 18:138-44. [PMID: 22386732 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The natural product curcumin has gained considerable attention in recent years for its multiple pharmacological activities, but more efforts are needed to understand how curcumin can have these pharmacological effects considering its low bioavailability. In addition, it is unclear how curcumin exerts inhibitory effects against numerous enzymes, especially those that cannot accommodate curcumin within recognized binding pockets. By analyzing the similarities between the biological activities of curcumin and its degradation products against diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer, as well as the preferential inhibition of some enzymes by degradation products, it appears that the bioactive degradation products may contribute to the pharmacological effects of curcumin. This possibility should be given full attention when elucidating the pharmacology of this promising natural product for various diseases.
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83
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Härd T, Lendel C. Inhibition of amyloid formation. J Mol Biol 2012; 421:441-65. [PMID: 22244855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid is aggregated protein in the form of insoluble fibrils. Amyloid deposition in human tissue-amyloidosis-is associated with a number of diseases including all common dementias and type II diabetes. Considerable progress has been made to understand the mechanisms leading to amyloid formation. It is, however, not yet clear by which mechanisms amyloid and protein aggregates formed on the path to amyloid are cytotoxic. Strategies to prevent protein aggregation and amyloid formation are nevertheless, in many cases, promising and even successful. This review covers research on intervention of amyloidosis and highlights several examples of how inhibition of protein aggregation and amyloid formation has been achieved in practice. For instance, rational design can provide drugs that stabilize a native folded state of a protein, protein engineering can provide new binding proteins that sequester monomeric peptides from aggregation, small molecules and peptides can be designed to block aggregation or direct it into non-cytotoxic paths, and monoclonal antibodies have been developed for therapies towards neurodegenerative diseases based on inhibition of amyloid formation and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torleif Härd
- Department of Molecular Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
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84
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Synthesis and evaluation of ferrocenoyl pentapeptide (Fc-KLVFF) as an inhibitor of Alzheimer's Aβ₁-₄₂ fibril formation in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5818-21. [PMID: 21855336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation and fibril formation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) is the key event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Many efforts have been made on the development of effective inhibitors to prevent Aβ fibril formation or disassemble the preformed Aβ fibrils. Peptide inhibitors with sequences homologous to the hydrophobic segments of Aβ can alter the aggregation pathway of Aβ, together with decrease of the cell toxicity. In this study, the conjugate of ferrocenoyl (Fc) with pentapeptide KLVFF (Fc-KLVFF), was synthesized by HBTU/HOBt protocol in solution. The inhibitory effect of Fc-KLVFF on Aβ(1-42) fibril formation was evaluated by thioflavin T fluorescence assay, and confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. Fc-KLVFF shows high inhibitory effect towards the fibril formation of Aβ(1-42). Additionally, the attachment of ferrocenoyl moiety onto peptides allows us to investigate the interaction between the inhibitor and Aβ(1-42) in real-time by electrochemical method. As expected, tethering of ferrocenoyl moiety onto pentapeptide shows improved lipophilicity and significant resistance towards proteolytic degradation compared to its parent peptide.
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85
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Mattson MP. Commentary: proteooxidotoxic process of aggregation. Neuromolecular Med 2011; 13:91-2. [PMID: 21594669 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-011-8146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A recent editorial entitled "State of Aggregation" (Nat. Neurosci. 2011; 14:399) described the importance of establishing the structural state of pathogenic protein aggregates (Aβ, α-synuclein, huntingtin, etc.) in studies of neurodegenerative disorders. While this is a laudable goal, it is based on the assumption that the neurotoxicity depends upon a specific tertiary structure of the protein aggregates. Here, I describe evidence (not mentioned in the editorial) that suggests that it is not the protein oligomers, per se, that damage neurons. Instead, neurons are damaged by an unseen sequence(s) of chemical reactions that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and it is the ROS that cause both protein aggregation and neurotoxicity. The latter "proteooxidotoxicity" mechanism provides an explanation for numerous findings in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, including the inability to identify specific receptors for the pathogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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86
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Smani Y, Domínguez-Herrera J, Pachón J. Rifampin Protects Human Lung Epithelial Cells Against Cytotoxicity Induced by Clinical Multi and Pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Infect Dis 2011; 203:1110-9. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiq159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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87
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Morinaga A, Ono K, Takasaki J, Ikeda T, Hirohata M, Yamada M. Effects of sex hormones on Alzheimer's disease-associated β-amyloid oligomer formation in vitro. Exp Neurol 2011; 228:298-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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88
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Kawahara M, Koyama H, Nagata T, Sadakane Y. Zinc, copper, and carnosine attenuate neurotoxicity of prion fragment PrP106-126. Metallomics 2011; 3:726-34. [PMID: 21442127 DOI: 10.1039/c1mt00015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive neurodegenerative diseases that are associated with the conversion of normal cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) to abnormal pathogenic prion protein (PrP(SC)) by conformational changes. Prion protein is a metal-binding protein that is suggested to be involved in metal homeostasis. We investigated here the effects of trace elements on the conformational changes and neurotoxicity of synthetic prion peptide (PrP106-126). PrP106-126 exhibited the formation of β-sheet structures and enhanced neurotoxicity during the aging process. The co-existence of Zn(2+) or Cu(2+) during aging inhibited β-sheet formation by PrP106-126 and attenuated its neurotoxicity on primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Although PrP106-126 formed amyloid-like fibrils as observed by atomic force microscopy, the height of the fibers was decreased in the presence of Zn(2+) or Cu(2+). Carnosine (β-alanyl histidine) significantly inhibited both the β-sheet formation and the neurotoxicity of PrP106-126. Our results suggested that Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) might be involved in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. It is also possible that carnosine might become a candidate for therapeutic treatments for prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshino-cho, Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki. Japan.
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89
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Ortega A, Rincón Á, Jiménez-Aliaga KL, Bermejo-Bescós P, Martín-Aragón S, Molina MT, Csákÿ AG. Synthesis and evaluation of arylquinones as BACE1 inhibitors, β-amyloid peptide aggregation inhibitors, and destabilizers of preformed β-amyloid fibrils. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2183-7. [PMID: 21441028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACE1 activity, inhibition of Aβ aggregation, and disaggregation of preformed Aβ fibrils constitute the three major targets in the development of small-molecule lipophilic new drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Quinones are widely distributed among natural products and possess relevant and varied biological activities including antitumor and antibiotic, inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, antidiabetic, or COX-inhibition, among others. We report herein the interaction of several arylquinones and their derivatives with the amyloidogenic pathway of the amyloid precursor protein processing. Our studies put forward that these compounds are promising candidates in the development of new drugs which are effective simultaneously towards the three major targets of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ortega
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, E28040 Madrid, Spain
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90
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Mito F, Yamasaki T, Ito Y, Yamato M, Mino H, Sadasue H, Shirahama C, Sakai K, Utsumi H, Yamada KI. Monitoring the aggregation processes of amyloid-β using a spin-labeled, fluorescent nitroxyl radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:5070-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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91
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Protective effect of (−)clausenamide against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. Neurosci Lett 2010; 483:78-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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92
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Hung YT, Lin MS, Chen WY, Wang SSS. Investigating the effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the aggregative behavior of hen egg-white lysozyme at acidic pH. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 81:141-51. [PMID: 20674294 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2010] [Revised: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The research presented here is aimed at examining the effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the aggregative behavior of hen egg-white lysozyme at pH 2.0. Through various spectroscopic techniques, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy, we first demonstrated that SDS exhibited a biphasic effect on lysozyme fibrillation. The presence of SDS at higher concentrations (e.g., 0.25, 5.00, or 20.00 mM SDS) was found to suppress fibril formation of lysozyme whereas fibrillogenic lysozyme-SDS ensemble containing beta-sheet-rich conformation was observed upon the addition of lower concentrations of SDS (e.g., 0.00, 0.06, or 0.1mM SDS). Next, our equilibrium urea-unfolding data revealed that lysozyme samples with higher SDS concentrations showed superior thermodynamic stabilities over the ones with no or lower levels of SDS. Finally, the correlation between SDS concentration and lysozyme aggregative/fibrillogenic propensity and the underlying interacting mechanism were further explored using surface tensiometry and isothermal titration calorimetry. We believe the outcome from this work may not only help decipher the molecular mechanism of amyloid fibrillation, but also shed light on a rational design of potential therapeutic strategies for amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Tz Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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93
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Zraika S, Hull RL, Verchere CB, Clark A, Potter KJ, Fraser PE, Raleigh DP, Kahn SE. Toxic oligomers and islet beta cell death: guilty by association or convicted by circumstantial evidence? Diabetologia 2010; 53:1046-56. [PMID: 20182863 PMCID: PMC3164873 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease characterised by islet amyloid deposits in the majority of patients. Amyloid formation is considered a significant factor in deterioration of islet function and reduction in beta cell mass, and involves aggregation of monomers of the normally soluble beta cell peptide, human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) into oligomers, fibrils and, ultimately, mature amyloid deposits. Despite extensive in vitro studies, the process of hIAPP aggregation in vivo is poorly understood, though it is widely reported to promote cytotoxicity. Recently, studies have suggested that only the early stages of fibril assembly, and in particular small hIAPP oligomers, are responsible for beta cell cytotoxicity. This challenges the prior concept that newly formed fibrils and/or mature fibrillar amyloid are cytotoxic. Herein, evidence both for and against the toxic hIAPP oligomer hypothesis is presented; from this, it is apparent that what exactly causes beta cell death when hIAPP aggregates remains debatable. Moreover, substantially more work with more specific reagents and techniques than are currently available will be required to identify conclusively the toxic species resulting from hIAPP aggregation. Keeping an open mind on the nature of the cytotoxic insult has implications for therapeutic developments and clinical care in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zraika
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way (151), Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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94
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Vitiello G, Grimaldi M, Ramunno A, Ortona O, De Martino G, D'Ursi AM, D'Errico G. Interaction of a beta-sheet breaker peptide with lipid membranes. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:115-22. [PMID: 20063331 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides into senile plaques has been identified as one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. An attractive therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease is the inhibition of the soluble beta-amyloid aggregation using synthetic beta-sheet breaker peptides that are capable of binding Abeta but are unable to become part of a beta-sheet structure. As the early stages of the Abeta aggregation process are supposed to occur close to the neuronal membrane, it is strategic to define the beta-sheet breaker peptide positioning with respect to lipid bilayers. In this work, we have focused on the interaction between the beta-sheet breaker peptide acetyl-LPFFD-amide, iAbeta5p, and lipid membranes, studied by ESR spectroscopy, using either peptides alternatively labeled at the C- and at the N-terminus or phospholipids spin-labeled in different positions of the acyl chain. Our results show that iAbeta5p interacts directly with membranes formed by the zwitterionic phospholipid dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine and this interaction is modulated by inclusion of cholesterol in the lipid bilayer formulation, in terms of both peptide partition coefficient and the solubilization site. In particular, cholesterol decreases the peptide partition coefficient between the membrane and the aqueous medium. Moreover, in the absence of cholesterol, iAbeta5p is located between the outer part of the hydrophobic core and the external hydrophilic layer of the membrane, while in the presence of cholesterol it penetrates more deeply into the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vitiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Paolo Corradini", Università di Napoli "Federico II" Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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95
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Kerr ML, Gasperini R, Gibbs ME, Hou X, Shepherd CE, Strickland DK, Foa L, Lawen A, Small DH. Inhibition of Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity by the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein. J Neurochem 2010; 112:1199-209. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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96
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Uversky VN, Eliezer D. Biophysics of Parkinson's disease: structure and aggregation of alpha-synuclein. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2009; 10:483-99. [PMID: 19538146 PMCID: PMC3786709 DOI: 10.2174/138920309789351921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive movement disorder that results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, a small area of cells in the mid-brain. PD is a multifactorial disorder with unknown etiology, in which both genetic and environmental factors play important roles. Substantial evidence links alpha-synuclein, a small highly conserved presynaptic protein with unknown function, to both familial and sporadic PD. Rare familial cases of PD are associated with missense point mutations in alpha-synuclein, or with the hyper-expression of the wild type protein due to its gene duplication/triplication. Furthermore, alpha-synuclein was identified as the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy body and Lewy neurites, the characteristic proteinaceous deposits that are the diagnostic hallmarks of PD. alpha-Synuclein is abundant in various regions of the brain and has two closely related homologs, beta-synuclein and gamma-synuclein. When isolated in solution, the protein is intrinsically disordered, but in the presence of lipid surfaces alpha-synuclein adopts a highly helical structure that is believed to mediate its normal function(s). A number of different conformational states of alpha-synuclein have been observed. Besides the membrane-bound form, other critical conformations include a partially-folded state that is a key intermediate in aggregation and fibrillation, various oligomeric species, and fibrillar and amorphous aggregates. A number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that either accelerate or inhibit the rate of alpha-synuclein aggregation and fibrillation in vitro are known. There is a strong correlation between the conformation of alpha-synuclein (induced by various factors) and its rate of fibrillation. The aggregation process appears to be branched, with one pathway leading to fibrils and another to oligomeric intermediates that may ultimately form amorphous deposits. The molecular basis of Parkinson's disease appears to be tightly coupled to the aggregation of alpha-synuclein and the factors that affect its conformation. This review focuses on the contributions of Prof. Anthony L. Fink to the field and presents some recent developments in this exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Uversky
- Institite for Intrinsically Disordered Protein Research, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry and Program in Structural Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
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97
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Abstract
The aggregation of numerous peptides or proteins has been linked to the onset of disease, including Abeta (amyloid beta-peptide) in AD (Alzheimer's disease), asyn (alpha-synuclein) in Parkinson's disease and amylin in Type 2 diabetes. Diverse amyloidogenic proteins can often be cut down to an SRE (self-recognition element) of as few as five residues that retains the ability to aggregate. SREs can be used as a starting point for aggregation inhibitors. In particular, N-methylated SREs can bind to a target on one side, but have hydrogen-bonding blocked on their methylated face, interfering with further assembly. We applied this strategy to develop Abeta toxicity inhibitors. Our compounds, and a range of compounds from the literature, were compared under the same conditions, using biophysical and toxicity assays. Two N-methylated D-peptide inhibitors with unnatural side chains were the most effective and can reverse Abeta-induced inhibition of LTP (long-term potentiation) at concentrations as low as 10 nM. An SRE in asyn (VAQKTV) was identified using solid-state NMR. When VAQKTV was N-methylated, it was able to disrupt asyn aggregation. N-methylated derivatives of the SRE of amylin are also able to inhibit amylin aggregation.
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98
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Honjo K, van Reekum R, Verhoeff NPLG. Alzheimer's disease and infection: do infectious agents contribute to progression of Alzheimer's disease? Alzheimers Dement 2009; 5:348-60. [PMID: 19560105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 11/08/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Infection with several important pathogens could constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in particular. This review summarizes the data related to infectious agents that appear to have a relationship with AD. Infections with herpes simplex virus type 1, picornavirus, Borna disease virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, and spirochete were reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of AD or to cognitive changes. Based on these reports, it may be hypothesized that central nervous system or systemic infections may contribute to the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of AD, and chronic infection with several pathogens should be considered a risk factor for sporadic AD. If this hypothesis holds true, early intervention against infection may delay or even prevent the future development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kie Honjo
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Heart and Stroke Foundation Centre for Stroke Recovery, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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99
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Effect of curcumin on the amyloid fibrillogenesis of hen egg-white lysozyme. Biophys Chem 2009; 144:78-87. [PMID: 19632028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
At least twenty human proteins can fold abnormally to form pathological deposits that are associated with several degenerative diseases. Despite extensive investigation on amyloid fibrillogenesis, its detailed molecular mechanisms remain unknown. This study is aimed at exploring the inhibitory activity of curcumin against the fibrillation of hen lysozyme. We found that the formation of amyloid fibrils at pH 2.0 in vitro was inhibited by curcumin in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, quenching analysis confirmed the existence of an interaction between curcumin and lysozyme, and Van't Hoff analysis indicated that the curcumin-lysozyme interaction is predominantly governed by Van Der Waals force or hydrogen bonding. Curcumin was also found to acquire disaggregating ability on preformed lysozyme fibrils. Finally, we observed that curcumin pre-incubated at 25 degrees C for at least 7 days inhibited lysozyme fibrillogenesis better than untreated curcumin and the enhanced inhibition against HEWL fibrillation might be attributed to the presence of dimeric species.
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100
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Baruch-Suchodolsky R, Fischer B. Aβ40, either Soluble or Aggregated, Is a Remarkably Potent Antioxidant in Cell-Free Oxidative Systems. Biochemistry 2009; 48:4354-70. [DOI: 10.1021/bi802361k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rozena Baruch-Suchodolsky
- Department of Chemistry, Gonda-Goldschmied Medical Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Bilha Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Gonda-Goldschmied Medical Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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