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Derreumaux P, Man VH, Wang J, Nguyen PH. Tau R3-R4 Domain Dimer of the Wild Type and Phosphorylated Ser356 Sequences. I. In Solution by Atomistic Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2975-2983. [PMID: 32216358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, neurofibrillary lesions correlate with cognitive deficits and consist of inclusions of tau protein with cross-β structure. A stable dimeric form of soluble tau has been evidenced in the cells, but its high-resolution structure is missing in solution. We know, however, that cryo-electron microscopy (c-EM) of full-length tau in the brain of an individual with AD displays a core of eight β-sheets with a C-shaped architecture spanning the R3-R4 repeat domain, while the rest of the protein is very flexible. To address the conformational ensemble of the dimer, we performed atomistic replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations on the tau R3-R4 domain starting from the c-EM configuration. We find that the wild type tau R3-R4 dimer explores elongated, U-shaped, V-shaped, and globular forms rather than the C-shape. Phosphorylation of Ser356, pSer356, is known to block the interaction between the tau protein and the amyloid-β42 peptide. Standard molecular dynamics simulations of this phosphorylated sequence for a total of 5 μs compared to its wild type counterpart show a modulation of the population of β-helices and accessible topologies and a decrease of intermediates near the fibril-like conformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Derreumaux
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Viet Hoang Man
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Junmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, Université de Paris, UPR 9080, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.,Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, 75000, Paris, France
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52
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Moreno-Castillo E, Álvarez-Ginarte YM, Valdés-Tresanco ME, Montero-Cabrera LA, Moreno E, Valiente PA. Understanding the disrupting mechanism of the Tau aggregation motif " 306 VQIVYK 311 " by phenylthiazolyl-hydrazides inhibitors. J Mol Recognit 2020; 33:e2848. [PMID: 32227525 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the abnormal processing of the Tau and the amyloid precursor proteins. The unusual aggregation of Tau is based on the formation of intermolecular β-sheets through two motifs: 275 VQIINK280 and 306 VQIVYK311 . Phenylthiazolyl-hydrazides (PTHs) are capable of inhibiting/disassembling Tau aggregates. However, the disaggregation mechanism of Tau oligomers by PTHs is still unknown. In this work, we studied the disruption of the oligomeric form of the Tau motif 306 VQIVYK311 by PTHs through molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and free energy calculations. We predicted hydrophobic interactions as the major driving forces for the stabilization of Tau oligomer, with V306 and I308 being the major contributors. Nonpolar component of the binding free energy is essential to stabilize Tau-PTH complexes. PTHs disrupted mainly the van der Waals interactions between the monomers, leading to oligomer destabilization. Destabilization of full Tau filament by PTHs and emodin was not observed in the sampled 20 ns; however, in all cases, the nonpolar component of the binding free energy is essential for the formation of Tau filament-PTH and Tau filament-emodin. These results provide useful clues for the design of more effective Tau-aggregation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ernesto Moreno
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Pedro A Valiente
- Center of Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, La Habana, Cuba
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53
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Horváth D, Menyhárd DK, Perczel A. Protein Aggregation in a Nutshell: The Splendid Molecular Architecture of the Dreaded Amyloid Fibrils. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 20:1077-1088. [PMID: 31553291 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190925102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent high-resolution structures of amyloid fibrils show that the organization of peptide segments into amyloid aggregate architecture is a general process, though the morphology is more complex and intricate than suspected previously. The amyloid fibrils are often cytotoxic, accumulating as intracellular inclusions or extracellular plaques and have the ability to interfere with cellular physiology causing various cellular malfunctions. At the same time, the highly ordered amyloid structures also present an opportunity for nature to store and protect peptide chains under extreme conditions - something that might be used for designing storage, formulation, and delivery of protein medications or for contriving bio-similar materials of great resistance or structure-ordering capacity. Here we summarize amyloid characteristics; discussing the basic morphologies, sequential requirements and 3D-structure that are required for the understanding of this newly (re)discovered protein structure - a prerequisite for developing either inhibitors or promoters of amyloid-forming processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Horváth
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra K Menyhárd
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
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54
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Modulation of tau protein aggregation using 'Trojan' sequences. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129569. [PMID: 32114026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal assembly of tau into neurofibrillary tangles has been associated with over 30 debilitating disorders known as tauopathies. Tauopathies affect millions of people worldwide, yet no clinically approved solution for tau aggregation is currently available. METHODS We employed a structure-based design approach to make a series of short peptide-based perturbants (Trojans), that can interact with the core hydrophobic fragment of tau protein. Through a combination of various biophysical methods, serum stability, toxicity, and blood-brain barrier translocation assays, we have assessed the efficacy of these designed peptides to intervene the aggregation of tau protein fragment. RESULTS Our observations suggest that Trojan peptides could modulate the aggregation of the Ac-VQIVYK-NH2 peptide by either accelerating or arresting its self-assembly and reduce the neurotoxicity of the fibrils formed. The designed perturbant peptides showed three essential pre-requisites such as negligible cytotoxicity, high proteolytic stability in serum, and an ability to cross human blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, the Trojans could disassemble the pre-formed fibrillar assemblies. CONCLUSIONS These designed Trojan peptides can serve as a potential therapeutic option for tauopathies, modulating post as well as pre-aggregation leading to the diseases condition. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Tauopathies are a group of over 20 progressive neurodegenerative disorders that affect millions of people worldwide. The available therapies of tau-linked neurodegenerative syndromes are limited and mostly symptomatic and therefore there is an urgent need for a cost-effective treatment option. We are presenting a series of structure-based, de novo designed, short peptides that can potentially modulate tau protein aggregation.
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Shimizu T, Ding W, Kameta N. Soft-Matter Nanotubes: A Platform for Diverse Functions and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2347-2407. [PMID: 32013405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled organic nanotubes made of single or multiple molecular components can be classified into soft-matter nanotubes (SMNTs) by contrast with hard-matter nanotubes, such as carbon and other inorganic nanotubes. To date, diverse self-assembly processes and elaborate template procedures using rationally designed organic molecules have produced suitable tubular architectures with definite dimensions, structural complexity, and hierarchy for expected functions and applications. Herein, we comprehensively discuss every functions and possible applications of a wide range of SMNTs as bulk materials or single components. This Review highlights valuable contributions mainly in the past decade. Fifteen different families of SMNTs are discussed from the viewpoints of chemical, physical, biological, and medical applications, as well as action fields (e.g., interior, wall, exterior, whole structure, and ensemble of nanotubes). Chemical applications of the SMNTs are associated with encapsulating materials and sensors. SMNTs also behave, while sometimes undergoing morphological transformation, as a catalyst, template, liquid crystal, hydro-/organogel, superhydrophobic surface, and micron size engine. Physical functions pertain to ferro-/piezoelectricity and energy migration/storage, leading to the applications to electrodes or supercapacitors, and mechanical reinforcement. Biological functions involve artificial chaperone, transmembrane transport, nanochannels, and channel reactors. Finally, medical functions range over drug delivery, nonviral gene transfer vector, and virus trap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimi Shimizu
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Wuxiao Ding
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Naohiro Kameta
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
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56
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Adibi H, Mehrabi M, Amiri K, Balalaie S, Khodarahmi R. Synthesis and characterization of 2-benzylidene-1,3-indandione derivatives as in vitro quantification of amyloid fibrils. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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57
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Dangi A, Balmik AA, Ghorpade AK, Gorantla NV, Sonawane SK, Chinnathambi S, Marelli UK. Residue-based propensity of aggregation in the Tau amyloidogenic hexapeptides AcPHF6* and AcPHF6. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27331-27335. [PMID: 35516938 PMCID: PMC9055513 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies, the aggregation of microtubule-associated protein, Tau, into fibrils occurs via the interaction of two hexapeptide motifs PHF* 275VQIINK280 and PHF 306VQIVYK311 as β-sheets. To understand the role of the constituent amino acids of PHF and PHF* in the aggregation, a set of 12 alanine mutant peptides was synthesized by replacing each amino acid in PHF and PHF* with alanine and they were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ThS/ANS fluorescence assay. Our studies show that while the aggregation was suppressed in most of the alanine mutant peptides, replacement of glutamine by alanine in both PHF and PHF* enhanced the fibrillization. In the alanine mutant peptides of AcPHF6* and AcPHF6, only the peptides with glutamine to alanine substitution show aggregation akin to that of the parent peptides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Dangi
- Central NMR Facility
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- 411008 Pune
- India
- Division of Organic Chemistry
| | - Abhishek Ankur Balmik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- 110025 New Delhi
- India
- Neurobiology Group
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
| | - Archana Kisan Ghorpade
- Central NMR Facility
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- 411008 Pune
- India
- Division of Organic Chemistry
| | - Nalini Vijay Gorantla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- 110025 New Delhi
- India
- Neurobiology Group
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
| | - Shweta Kishor Sonawane
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- 110025 New Delhi
- India
- Neurobiology Group
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- 110025 New Delhi
- India
- Neurobiology Group
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
| | - Udaya Kiran Marelli
- Central NMR Facility
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- 411008 Pune
- India
- Division of Organic Chemistry
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58
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Liu H, Zhong H, Liu X, Zhou S, Tan S, Liu H, Yao X. Disclosing the Mechanism of Spontaneous Aggregation and Template-Induced Misfolding of the Key Hexapeptide (PHF6) of Tau Protein Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4810-4823. [PMID: 31661961 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau is critical for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Tau dysfunction is associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, which are characterized by neurofibrillary tangles formed by abnormally aggregated tau protein. Studying the aggregation mechanism of tau protein is of great significance for elucidating the etiology of tauopathies. The hexapeptide 306VQIVYK311 (PHF6) of R3 has been shown to play a vital role in promoting tau aggregation. In this study, long-term all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit solvent were performed to investigate the mechanisms of spontaneous aggregation and template-induced misfolding of PHF6, and the dimerization at the early stage of nucleation was further specifically analyzed by the Markov state model (MSM). Our results show that PHF6 can spontaneously aggregate to form multimers enriched with β-sheet structure and the β-sheets in multimers prefer to exist in a parallel way. It is observed that PHF6 monomer can be induced to form a β-sheet structure on either side of the template but in a different way. In detail, the β-sheet structure is easier to form on the left side but does not extend well, but on the right side, the monomer can form the extended β-sheet structure. Furthermore, MSM analysis shows that the formation of dimer mainly occurs in three steps. First, the separated monomers collide with each other at random orientations, and then a dimer with short β-sheet structure at the N-terminal forms; finally, β-sheets elongate to form an extended parallel β-sheet dimer. During these processes, multiple intermediate states are identified and multiple paths can form a parallel β-sheet dimer from the disordered coil structure. Moreover, the residues I308, V309, and Y310 play an essential role in the dimerization. In a word, our results uncover the aggregation and misfolding mechanism of PHF6 from the atomic level, which can provide useful theoretical guidance for rational design of effective therapeutic drugs against tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuangyan Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory on Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | | | | | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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59
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Manandhar A, Chakraborty K, Tang PK, Kang M, Zhang P, Cui H, Loverde SM. Rational Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Supramolecular Anticancer Nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:10582-10593. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjela Manandhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Kaushik Chakraborty
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Phu K. Tang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Myungshim Kang
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Sharon M. Loverde
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States
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60
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Mroczko B, Groblewska M, Litman-Zawadzka A. The Role of Protein Misfolding and Tau Oligomers (TauOs) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4661. [PMID: 31547024 PMCID: PMC6802364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the causative role of the accumulation of amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ42) deposits in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been under debate for many years, it is supposed that the toxicity soluble oligomers of Tau protein (TauOs) might be also the pathogenic factor acting on the initial stages of this disease. Therefore, we performed a thorough search for literature pertaining to our investigation via the MEDLINE/PubMed database. It was shown that soluble TauOs, especially granular forms, may be the most toxic form of this protein. Hyperphosphorylated TauOs can reduce the number of synapses by missorting into axonal compartments of neurons other than axon. Furthermore, soluble TauOs may be also responsible for seeding Tau pathology within AD brains, with probable link to AβOs toxicity. Additionally, the concentrations of TauOs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of AD patients were higher than in non-demented controls, and revealed a negative correlation with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores. It was postulated that adding the measurements of TauOs to the panel of CSF biomarkers could improve the diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Groblewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Ala Litman-Zawadzka
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
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61
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Fanni AM, Vander Zanden CM, Majewska PV, Majewski J, Chi EY. Membrane-mediated fibrillation and toxicity of the tau hexapeptide PHF6. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15304-15317. [PMID: 31439664 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of the tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles is believed to correlate with cognitive decline in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies suggest that tau's interactions with the cell membrane could serve as a toxicity pathway and also enhance fibrillation into paired helical filaments (PHFs). Conformational changes associated with tau-membrane interactions are poorly understood, and their characterization could improve our understanding of tau pathogenicity. In this study, we investigated the molecular level structural changes associated with the interaction of the tau hexapeptide PHF6 with model lipid membranes and characterized the effects of these interactions on membrane stability and peptide fibrillation. We used two PHF6 forms, the aggregation-prone PHF6 with N-terminal acetylation (Ac-PHF6) and the non-aggregation prone PHF6 with a standard N terminus (NH3 +-PHF6). We found that both PHF6 peptides are neurotoxic and exhibit similar membrane-mediated changes, consisting of: 1) favorable interactions with anionic membranes, 2) membrane destabilization through lipid extraction, and 3) membrane-mediated fibrillation. The rate at which these changes occurred was the main difference between the two peptides. NH3 +-PHF6 displayed slow membrane-mediated fibrillation after 6 days of incubation, whereas Ac-PHF6 adopted a β-sheet conformation at the surface of the membrane within hours. Ac-PHF6 interactions with the membrane were also accompanied by membrane invagination and rapid membrane destabilization. Overall, our results reveal that membrane interactions could play a critical role in tau toxicity and fibrillation, and highlight that unraveling these interactions is important for significantly advancing the development of therapeutic strategies to manage tau-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline M Fanni
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.,Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Crystal M Vander Zanden
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Paulina V Majewska
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Jaroslaw Majewski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.,Department of Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
| | - Eva Y Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 .,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
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62
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14-3-3/Tau Interaction and Tau Amyloidogenesis. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:620-630. [PMID: 31062171 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The major function of microtubule-associated protein tau is to promote microtubule assembly in the central nervous system. However, aggregation of abnormally phosphorylated tau is a hallmark of tauopathies. Although the molecular mechanisms of conformational transitions and assembling of tau molecules into amyloid fibril remain largely unknown, several factors have been shown to promote tau aggregation, including mutations, polyanions, phosphorylation, and interactions with other proteins. 14-3-3 proteins are a family of highly conserved, multifunctional proteins that are mainly expressed in the central nervous system. Being a scaffolding protein, 14-3-3 proteins interact with tau and regulate tau phosphorylation by bridging tau with various protein kinases. 14-3-3 proteins also directly regulate tau aggregation via specific and non-specific interactions with tau. In this review, we summarize recent advances in characterization of tau conformation and tau/14-3-3 interaction. We discuss the connection between 14-3-3 binding and tau aggregation with a special emphasis on the regulatory role of 14-3-3 on tau conformation.
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63
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Losev Y, Paul A, Frenkel-Pinter M, Abu-Hussein M, Khalaila I, Gazit E, Segal D. Novel model of secreted human tau protein reveals the impact of the abnormal N-glycosylation of tau on its aggregation propensity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2254. [PMID: 30783169 PMCID: PMC6381127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and has no disease-modifying treatment yet. The hallmarks of AD are two amyloidogenic proteins: tau and amyloid β (Aβ). Tau undergoes several posttranslational modifications, including N-glycosylation. Tau was reported to be N-glycosylated in AD brains, but not in healthy counterparts, which may affect AD etiology. Here, we aimed to examine the effect of N-glycosylation on aggregation propensity of tau. To that end, a novel SH-SY5Y cell-based model was generated in which recombinant human tau (htau) is forced to be secreted from the cells. Secreted htau was found to localize in the secretory pathway compartments and to undergo N-glycosylation. Following N-glycan cleavage of the secreted htau, various biophysical results collectively indicated that the untreated N-glycosylated secreted htau is markedly less aggregative, contains thinner and shorter fibrils, as compared to treated de-glycosylated secreted htau. This finding shows that N-glycans attached to htau may affect its aggregation. This could help to better understand the effect of N-glycosylated htau on AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Losev
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ashim Paul
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Moran Frenkel-Pinter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Malak Abu-Hussein
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Isam Khalaila
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Daniel Segal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel. .,Sagol Interdisciplinary School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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Effective suppression of the modified PHF6 peptide/1N4R Tau amyloid aggregation by intact curcumin, not its degradation products: Another evidence for the pigment as preventive/therapeutic “functional food”. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1009-1022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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65
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Karikari TK, Nagel DA, Grainger A, Clarke-Bland C, Hill EJ, Moffat KG. Preparation of stable tau oligomers for cellular and biochemical studies. Anal Biochem 2018; 566:67-74. [PMID: 30315761 PMCID: PMC6331036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that small oligomers are the principal neurotoxic species of tau in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. However, mechanisms of tau oligomer-mediated neurodegeneration are poorly understood. The transience of oligomers due to aggregation can compromise the stability of oligomers prepared in vitro. Consequently, we sought to develop an efficient method which maintains the stability and globular conformation of preformed oligomers. This study demonstrates that labeling a single-cysteine form of the pro-aggregant tau four-repeat region (K18) with either Alexa Fluor 488-C5-maleimide or N-ethylmaleimide in reducing conditions stabilizes oligomers by impeding their further aggregation. Furthermore, the use of this approach to study the propagation of labeled extracellular tau K18 oligomers into human neuroblastoma cells and human stem cell-derived neurons is described. This method is potentially applicable for preparing stabilized oligomers of tau for diagnostic and biomarker tests, as well as for in vitro structure-activity relationship assays. The transient nature of tau aggregation makes it difficult to maintain the stability of preformed oligomers. Efficient labeling of tau K18 with Alexa Fluor-488-C5-maleimide or N-ethyl maleimide stabilizes the resulting oligomers. Oligomers applied exogenously are propagated intracellularly by cultured human iPSC neurons and neuroblastoma cells. Oligomer preparation by maleimide labeling allows mechanistic studies of tau aggregation and its link to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Karikari
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Midlands Integrative Biosciences Training Partnership, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - David A Nagel
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Alastair Grainger
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | | | - Eric J Hill
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Kevin G Moffat
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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66
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Ismail T, Kanapathipillai M. Effect of cellular polyanion mimetics on tau peptide aggregation. J Pept Sci 2018; 24:e3125. [PMID: 30251388 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tau protein aggregation is believed to be one of the key drivers of Alzheimer's disease. The two hexapeptide amino acid sequences 306 VQIVYK311 and 275 VQIINK280 of the tau protein are responsible for aggregation, and subsequent functional loss leading to Alzheimer's progression. Hence, it is important to understand the factors that promote the self-aggregation of this tau peptide fragments. Cellular microenvironmental polyanions are known to play a major role in tau protein aggregation and loss of function. Previous studies mainly focused on the effect of heparin and heparan sulfate solution on the full tau protein aggregation. Here, we study the effect of cellular polyanion mimetics, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in solution and on surface to mimic intracellular and extracellular conditions, and cellular RNA on the aggregation of tau hexapeptide 306 VQIVYK311 , and mutant tau peptide 273 GKVQIIN_KLDL284 found frequently in taupathy. Characterization techniques used for the study include biochemical assays, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy techniques to investigate the aggregation vitro. Results show while all the GAGs in solution form play a role in tau peptides aggregation, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, and dermatan sulfate in particular significantly promote the tau peptides aggregation formation. On the other hand, surface-coated GAGs did not promote significant tau aggregation. As far as cellular RNA is concerned, results show significant increase in tau peptides aggregation and toxicity in neuroblastoma cells. The study on the tau peptides fragments aggregation in the presence of GAGs and cellular RNA could provide novel information on the tau aggregation mechanism and could open ways for developing cellular polyanions modulating therapeutics for treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ismail
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
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67
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Frenkel‐Pinter M, Richman M, Belostozky A, Abu‐Mokh A, Gazit E, Rahimipour S, Segal D. Distinct Effects of O‐GlcNAcylation and Phosphorylation of a Tau‐Derived Amyloid Peptide on Aggregation of the Native Peptide. Chemistry 2018; 24:14039-14043. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moran Frenkel‐Pinter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, and the interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Michal Richman
- Department of ChemistryBar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Anna Belostozky
- Department of ChemistryBar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Amjaad Abu‐Mokh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, and the interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, and the interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Shai Rahimipour
- Department of ChemistryBar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Daniel Segal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, and the interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
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68
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Ikura T, Tochio N, Kawasaki R, Matsuzaki M, Narita A, Kikumoto M, Utsunomiya‐Tate N, Tate S, Ito N. The
trans
isomer of Tau peptide is prone to aggregate, and the WW domain of Pin1 drastically decreases its aggregation. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3082-3091. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teikichi Ikura
- Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Naoya Tochio
- Reseach Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics (RcMcD) Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Japan
- Faculty of Pharma‐Sciences Teikyo University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawasaki
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Japan
| | - Mizuki Matsuzaki
- Structural Biology Research Center Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Japan
| | - Akihiro Narita
- Structural Biology Research Center Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Japan
| | - Mahito Kikumoto
- Structural Biology Research Center Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Japan
| | | | - Shin‐ichi Tate
- Reseach Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics (RcMcD) Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Japan
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Ito
- Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
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Carbamylation promotes amyloidogenesis and induces structural changes in Tau-core hexapeptide fibrils. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2590-2604. [PMID: 30071272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbamylation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification (PTM), which involves the covalent modification of N-terminus of protein or ε-amino group of Lys. The role of carbamylation in several age-related disorders is well documented, however, the relationship between carbamylation and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease remains uncharted. METHODS In the present study, using aggregation-prone tau-core hexapeptide fragments 306VQIVYK311 (PHF6) and 275VQIINK280 (PHF6*) as models, we have elucidated the effect of carbamylation on aggregation kinetics and the changes occurring in the 3-dimensional architecture of fibrils using biophysical assays and molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS We found that carbamylation aids in amyloid formation and can convert the unstructured off-pathway aggregates into robust amyloids, which were toxic to cells. Electron microscopy images and molecular dynamics simulations of PHF6 fibrils showed that carbamylated peptides can form excess hydrogen bonds and modulate the pitch length and twist of peptides fibrils. We have also compared N-terminal carbamylation to acetylation and further extended our finding to full length tau that exhibits aggregation upon carbamylation even in the absence of any external inducer. CONCLUSION Our in vitro and in silico results together suggest that carbamylation can modulate the aggregation pathway of the amyloidegenic sequences and cause structural changes in fibril assemblies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Carbamylation acts as a switch, which triggers the aggregation in short amyloidogenic peptide fragments and modulate the structural changes in resulting amyloid fibrils.
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70
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Ryan P, Patel B, Makwana V, Jadhav HR, Kiefel M, Davey A, Reekie TA, Rudrawar S, Kassiou M. Peptides, Peptidomimetics, and Carbohydrate-Peptide Conjugates as Amyloidogenic Aggregation Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1530-1551. [PMID: 29782794 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder accounting for 60-80% of dementia cases. For many years, AD causality was attributed to amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregated species. Recently, multiple therapies that target Aβ aggregation have failed in clinical trials, since Aβ aggregation is found in AD and healthy patients. Attention has therefore shifted toward the aggregation of the tau protein as a major driver of AD. Numerous inhibitors of tau-based pathology have recently been developed. Diagnosis of AD has shifted from measuring late stage senile plaques to early stage biomarkers, amyloid-β and tau monomers and oligomeric assemblies. Synthetic peptides and some derivative structures are being explored for use as theranostic tools as they possess the capacity both to bind the biomarkers and to inhibit their pathological self-assembly. Several studies have demonstrated that O-linked glycoside addition can significantly alter amyloid aggregation kinetics. Furthermore, natural O-glycosylation of amyloid-forming proteins, including amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau, and α-synuclein, promotes alternative nonamyloidogenic processing pathways. As such, glycopeptides and related peptidomimetics are being investigated within the AD field. Here we review advancements made in the last 5 years, as well as the arrival of sugar-based derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Ryan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | - Bhautikkumar Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | - Vivek Makwana
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | - Hemant R. Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani-333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Milton Kiefel
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | - Andrew Davey
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | | | - Santosh Rudrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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71
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Rojas AV, Maisuradze GG, Scheraga HA. Dependence of the Formation of Tau and Aβ Peptide Mixed Aggregates on the Secondary Structure of the N-Terminal Region of Aβ. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:7049-7056. [PMID: 29940109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is the formation of aggregates of the tau protein, a process that can be facilitated by the presence of fibrils formed by the amyloid β peptide (Aβ). However, the mechanism that triggers tau aggregation is still a matter of debate. The effect of Aβ40 fibrils on the aggregation of the repeat domain of tau (TauRD) is investigated here by employing coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the repeat domain of tau has a high affinity for Aβ40 fibrils, with the 261GSTENLK267 fragment of tau driving TauRD toward the 16KLVFFA21 fragment in Aβ40. Monomeric Aβ40, in which the 16KLVFFA21 fragment is rarely found in an extended conformation (as in the fibril), has a low affinity for the TauRD, indicating that the ability of Aβ40 fibrils to bind to the TauRD depends on the 16KLVFFA21 fragment of Aβ adopting an extended conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V Rojas
- Schrödinger, Inc. , 120 West 45th Street , New York , New York 10036 , United States
| | - Gia G Maisuradze
- Baker Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Harold A Scheraga
- Baker Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
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72
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Zhang P, Cui Y, Anderson CF, Zhang C, Li Y, Wang R, Cui H. Peptide-based nanoprobes for molecular imaging and disease diagnostics. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3490-3529. [PMID: 29497722 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00793k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pathological changes in a diseased site are often accompanied by abnormal activities of various biomolecules in and around the involved cells. Identifying the location and expression levels of these biomolecules could enable early-stage diagnosis of the related disease, the design of an appropriate treatment strategy, and the accurate assessment of the treatment outcomes. Over the past two decades, a great diversity of peptide-based nanoprobes (PBNs) have been developed, aiming to improve the in vitro and in vivo performances of water-soluble molecular probes through engineering of their primary chemical structures as well as the physicochemical properties of their resultant assemblies. In this review, we introduce strategies and approaches adopted for the identification of functional peptides in the context of molecular imaging and disease diagnostics, and then focus our discussion on the design and construction of PBNs capable of navigating through physiological barriers for targeted delivery and improved specificity and sensitivity in recognizing target biomolecules. We highlight the biological and structural roles that low-molecular-weight peptides play in PBN design and provide our perspectives on the future development of PBNs for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center for Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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73
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Shimizu T. Self-Assembly of Discrete Organic Nanotubes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimi Shimizu
- AIST Fellow, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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74
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Nadimidla K, Ismail T, Kanapathipillai M. Tau peptides and tau mutant protein aggregation inhibition by cationic polyethyleneimine and polyarginine. Biopolymers 2018; 107. [PMID: 28456996 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tau protein plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease. The tau protein loses its functionality by self-aggregation due to the two six-amino acid sequences VQIVYK and VQIINK of the protein. Hence it is imperative to find therapeutics that could inhibit the self-aggregation of this tau peptide fragments. Here, we study the inhibitory potential of a cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) and a cationic polypeptide arginine (Arg) on the aggregation of VQIVYK, and GKVQIINKLDL peptides, and tau mutant protein (P301L), found frequently in taupathy. Various characterization methods are employed including thioflavin S, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering to study the aggregation/inhibition process in vitro. Results show that PEI and Arg significantly inhibit tau peptides and protein aggregation. The study could be applied to understand tau protein aggregation mechanism in the presence of cationic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Nadimidla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
| | - Tania Ismail
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
| | - Mathumai Kanapathipillai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
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75
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Haj E, Losev Y, Guru KrishnaKumar V, Pichinuk E, Engel H, Raveh A, Gazit E, Segal D. Integrating in vitro and in silico approaches to evaluate the "dual functionality" of palmatine chloride in inhibiting and disassembling Tau-derived VQIVYK peptide fibrils. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1565-1575. [PMID: 29634991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by the deposits of intra-cellular tau protein and extra-cellular amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the human brain. Understanding the mechanism of protein aggregation and finding compounds that are capable of inhibiting its aggregation is considered to be highly important for disease therapy. METHODS We used an in vitro High-Throughput Screening for the identification of potent inhibitors of tau aggregation using a proxy model; a highly aggregation-prone hexapeptide fragment 306VQIVYK311 derived from tau. Using ThS fluorescence assay we screened a library of 2401 FDA approved, bio-active and natural compounds in attempt to find molecules which can efficiently modulate tau aggregation. RESULTS Among the screened compounds, palmatine chloride (PC) alkaloid was able to dramatically reduce the aggregation propensity of PHF6 at sub-molar concentrations. PC was also able to disassemble preformed aggregates of PHF6 and reduce the amyloid content in a dose-dependent manner. Insights obtained from MD simulation showed that PC interacted with the key residues of PHF6 responsible for β-sheet formation, which could likely be the mechanism of inhibition and disassembly. Furthermore, PC could effectively inhibit the aggregation of full-length tau and disassemble preformed aggregates. CONCLUSIONS We found that PC possesses "dual functionality" towards PHF6 and full-length tau, i.e. inhibit their aggregation and disassemble pre-formed fibrils. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The "dual functionality" of PC is valuable as a disease modifying strategy for AD, and other tauopathies, by inhibiting their progress and reducing the effect of fibrils already present in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Haj
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yelena Losev
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - V Guru KrishnaKumar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Edward Pichinuk
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hamutal Engel
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Avi Raveh
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Daniel Segal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; The Interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neurosciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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76
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Iłowska E, Sawicka J, Szymańska A. Synthesis and physicochemical studies of amyloidogenic hexapeptides derived from human cystatin C. J Pept Sci 2018; 24:e3073. [PMID: 29573035 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human cystatin C (hCC) is a low molecular mass protein that belongs to the cystatin superfamily. It is an inhibitor of extracellular cysteine proteinases, present in all human body fluids. At physiological conditions, hCC is a monomer, but it has a tendency to dimerization. Naturally occurring hCC mutant, with leucine in position 68 substituted by glutamine (L68Q), is directly involved in the formation of amyloid deposits, independently of other proteins. This process is the primary cause of hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy, observed mainly in the Icelandic population. Oligomerization and fibrillization processes of hCC are not explained equally well, but it is proposed that domain swapping is involved in both of them. Research carried out on the fibrillization process led to new hypothesis about the existence of a steric zipper motif in amyloidogenic proteins. In the hCC sequence, there are 2 fragments which may play the role of a steric zipper: the loop L1 region and the C-terminal fragment. In this work, we focused on the first of these. Nine hexapeptides covering studied hCC fragment were synthesized, and their fibrillogenic potential was assessed using an array of biophysical methods. The obtained results showed that the studied hCC fragment has strong profibrillogenic propensities because it contains 2 fragments fulfilling the requirements for an effective steric zipper located next to each other, forming 1 super-steric zipper motif. This hCC fragment might therefore be responsible for the enhanced amyloidogenic properties of dimeric or partially unfolded hCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Iłowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Sawicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aneta Szymańska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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77
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Guix FX, Corbett GT, Cha DJ, Mustapic M, Liu W, Mengel D, Chen Z, Aikawa E, Young-Pearse T, Kapogiannis D, Selkoe DJ, Walsh DM. Detection of Aggregation-Competent Tau in Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E663. [PMID: 29495441 PMCID: PMC5877524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive cerebral accumulation of tau aggregates is a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A popular theory that seeks to explain the apparent spread of neurofibrillary tangle pathology proposes that aggregated tau is passed from neuron to neuron. Such a templated seeding process requires that the transferred tau contains the microtubule binding repeat domains that are necessary for aggregation. While it is not clear how a protein such as tau can move from cell to cell, previous reports have suggested that this may involve extracellular vesicles (EVs). Thus, measurement of tau in EVs may both provide insights on the molecular pathology of AD and facilitate biomarker development. Here, we report the use of sensitive immunoassays specific for full-length (FL) tau and mid-region tau, which we applied to analyze EVs from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuron (iN) conditioned media, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma. In each case, most tau was free-floating with a small component inside EVs. The majority of free-floating tau detected by the mid-region assay was not detected by our FL assays, indicating that most free-floating tau is truncated. Inside EVs, the mid-region assay also detected more tau than the FL assay, but the ratio of FL-positive to mid-region-positive tau was higher inside exosomes than in free solution. These studies demonstrate the presence of minute amounts of free-floating and exosome-contained FL tau in human biofluids. Given the potential for FL tau to aggregate, we conclude that further investigation of these pools of extracellular tau and how they change during disease is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc X. Guix
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Grant T. Corbett
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Diana J. Cha
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Maja Mustapic
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Wen Liu
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - David Mengel
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Zhicheng Chen
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Tracy Young-Pearse
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (M.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Dennis J. Selkoe
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Dominic M. Walsh
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.X.G.); (G.T.C.); (D.J.C.); (W.L.); (D.M.); (Z.C.); (T.Y.-P.); (D.J.S.)
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78
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Shigemitsu Y, Hiroaki H. Common molecular pathogenesis of disease-related intrinsically disordered proteins revealed by NMR analysis. J Biochem 2018; 163:11-18. [PMID: 28992347 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are either completely unstructured or contain large disordered regions in their native state; they have drawn much attention in the field of molecular pathology. Some of them substantially tend to form protein self-assemblies, such as toxic or non-toxic aggregates and fibrils, and have been postulated to relate to diseases. These disease-related IDPs include Aβ(1-42) [Alzheimer's disease (AD)], Tau (AD and tauopathy), α-synuclein (Parkinson's disease) and p53 (cancer). Several studies suggest that these aggregation and/or fibril formation processes are often initiated by transient conformational changes of the IDPs prior to protein self-assembly. Interestingly, the pathological molecular processes of these IDPs share multiple common features with those of protein misfolding diseases, such as transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (PrPsc) and AL-amyloidosis (VL-domain of γ-immunoglobulin). This review provides an overview of solution NMR techniques that can help analyse the early and transient events of conformational equilibrium of IDPs and folded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Shigemitsu
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Hiroaki
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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79
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Young ZT, Mok SA, Gestwicki JE. Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Tau Homeostasis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:cshperspect.a024612. [PMID: 28159830 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a024612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Normal tau homeostasis is achieved when the synthesis, processing, and degradation of the protein is balanced. Together, the pathways that regulate tau homeostasis ensure that the protein is at the proper levels and that its posttranslational modifications and subcellular localization are appropriately controlled. These pathways include the enzymes responsible for posttranslational modifications, those systems that regulate mRNA splicing, and the molecular chaperones that control tau turnover and its binding to microtubules. In tauopathies, this delicate balance is disturbed. Tau becomes abnormally modified by posttranslational modification, it loses affinity for microtubules, and it accumulates in proteotoxic aggregates. How and why does this imbalance occur? In this review, we discuss how molecular chaperones and other components of the protein homeostasis (e.g., proteostasis) network normally govern tau quality control. We also discuss how aging might reduce the capacity of these systems and how tau mutations might further affect this balance. Finally, we discuss how small-molecule inhibitors are being used to probe and perturb the tau quality-control systems, playing a particularly prominent role in revealing the logic of tau homeostasis. As such, there is now interest in developing these chemical probes into therapeutics, with the goal of restoring normal tau homeostasis to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zapporah T Young
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Sue Ann Mok
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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80
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Belostozky A, Richman M, Lisniansky E, Tovchygrechko A, Chill JH, Rahimipour S. Inhibition of tau-derived hexapeptide aggregation and toxicity by a self-assembled cyclic d,l-α-peptide conformational inhibitor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5980-5983. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled cyclic d,l-α-peptide CP-2 cross-interacts with tau-derived AcPHF6 peptide to inhibit its aggregation, membrane perturbation and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Belostozky
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
| | - M. Richman
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
| | - E. Lisniansky
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
| | - A. Tovchygrechko
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
| | - J. H. Chill
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
| | - S. Rahimipour
- Department of Chemistry
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 5290002
- Israel
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81
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Veloria JR, Chen L, Li L, Breen GAM, Lee J, Goux WJ. Novel cell-penetrating-amyloid peptide conjugates preferentially kill cancer cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:121-130. [PMID: 30108906 PMCID: PMC6071918 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00321h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to develop a peptide which could use the toxic effects of amyloid, a substance which is the hallmark of over 25 known human diseases, to selectively kill cancer cells. Here we demonstrate that two separate amyloid-forming hexapeptides, one from the microtubule associated protein Tau involved in formation of paired helical filaments of Alzheimer's disease, and the other an amyloid forming sequence from apolipoprotein A1, when conjugated to a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) sequence, form toxic oligomers which are stable for up to 14 h and able to enter cells by a combination of endocytosis and transduction. The amyloid peptide conjugates showed selective cytotoxicity to breast cancer, neuroblastoma and cervical cancer cells in culture compared to normal cells. Fluorescence imaging experiments showed the CPP-amyloid peptide oligomers formed intracellular fibrous amyloid, visible in the endosomes/lysosomes, cytosol and nucleus with thioflavin S (ThS) staining. Further experiments with rhodamine-conjugated Dextran, propidium iodide (PI), and acridine orange (AO) suggested the mechanism of cell death was the permeability of the lysosomal membrane brought about by the formation of amyloid pores. Cytotoxicity could be abrogated by inhibitors of lysosomal hydrolases, consistent with a model where lysosomal hydrolases leak into the cytosol and induce cytotoxicity in subsequent downstream steps. Taken together, our data suggest that CPP-amyloid peptide conjugates show potential as a new class of anti-cancer peptides (ACPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Veloria
- Department of Biological Sciences , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA
| | - Luxi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA .
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Biological Sciences , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA
| | - Gail A M Breen
- Department of Biological Sciences , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA
| | - Jiyong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA .
| | - Warren J Goux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W. Campbell Rd , Richardson , TX 75080 , USA .
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82
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Gulisano W, Maugeri D, Baltrons MA, Fà M, Amato A, Palmeri A, D’Adamio L, Grassi C, Devanand D, Honig LS, Puzzo D, Arancio O. Role of Amyloid-β and Tau Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease: Confuting the Amyloid Cascade. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64:S611-S631. [PMID: 29865055 PMCID: PMC8371153 DOI: 10.3233/jad-179935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The "Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis" has dominated the Alzheimer's disease (AD) field in the last 25 years. It posits that the increase of amyloid-β (Aβ) is the key event in AD that triggers tau pathology followed by neuronal death and eventually, the disease. However, therapeutic approaches aimed at decreasing Aβ levels have so far failed, and tau-based clinical trials have not yet produced positive findings. This begs the question of whether the hypothesis is correct. Here we have examined literature on the role of Aβ and tau in synaptic dysfunction, memory loss, and seeding and spreading of AD, highlighting important parallelisms between the two proteins in all of these phenomena. We discuss novel findings showing binding of both Aβ and tau oligomers to amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), and the requirement for the presence of this protein for both Aβ and tau to enter neurons and induce abnormal synaptic function and memory. Most importantly, we propose a novel view of AD pathogenesis in which extracellular oligomers of Aβ and tau act in parallel and upstream of AβPP. Such a view will call for a reconsideration of therapeutic approaches directed against Aβ and tau, paving the way to an increased interest toward AβPP, both for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and elaborating new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marian A. Baltrons
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mauro Fà
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arianna Amato
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Palmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luciano D’Adamio
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D.P. Devanand
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S. Honig
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ottavio Arancio
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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83
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Veloria JR, Li L, Breen GAM, Goux WJ. Novel Cell Model for Tauopathy Induced by a Cell-Permeable Tau-Related Peptide. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2734-2745. [PMID: 28837764 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a cell penetrating peptide (CPP)-amyloid conjugate was prepared (T-peptide), where the amyloid-forming sequence was homologous to a nucleating sequence from human Tau protein (306VQIVYK311). Kinetic and biophysical studies showed the peptide formed long-lived oligomers which were taken up by endocytosis and localized in perinuclear vesicles and in the cytoplasm of murine hippocampal neuroblastoma cells and human HeLa cells. Thioflavin S (ThS) staining of amyloid colocalized with pathological phosphorylated Tau, suggesting that the peptide was able to seed endogenous wild-type Tau. Subsequent experiments showed that aggregates present in the lysosomes mediated lysosome membrane permeability (LMP). We observed a decrease in total Tau, irrespective of phosphorylation state, consistent with Tau fragmentation by lysosomal proteases. We found cytotoxicity of T-peptide could be abrogated by inhibitors of lysosomal hydrolases and caspases, consistent with a model where Tau fragments processed by the lysosome leak into the cytoplasm and induce toxicity in subsequent downstream steps. It is our hope that the T-peptide system may prove amenable to the evaluation of small molecule inhibitors of cytotoxicity, especially those which target either Tau aggregation or the lysosomal/autophagy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Veloria
- Department
of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Lin Li
- Department
of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Gail A. M. Breen
- Department
of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Warren J. Goux
- Department
of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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84
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Affiliation(s)
- I. W. Hamley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
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85
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Kang M, Cui H, Loverde SM. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics studies of the structure and stability of peptide-based drug amphiphile filaments. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7721-7730. [PMID: 28905963 PMCID: PMC5665727 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based supramolecular filaments, in particular filaments self-assembled by drug amphiphiles (DAs), possess great potential in the field of drug delivery. These filaments possess one hundred percent drug loading, with a release mechanism that can be tuned based on the dissociation of the supramolecular filaments and the degradation of the DAs [Cheetham et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135(8), 2907]. Recently, much attention has been drawn to the competing intermolecular interactions that drive the self-assembly of peptide-based amphiphiles into supramolecular filaments. Recently, we reported on long-time atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the structure and growth of chiral filaments by the self-assembly of a DA containing the aromatic anti-cancer drug camptothecin [Kang et al., Macromolecules, 2016, 49(3), 994]. We found that the π-π stacking of the aromatic drug governs the early stages of the self-assembly process, while also contributing towards the chirality of the self-assembled filament. Based on these all-atomistic simulations, we now build a chemically accurate coarse-grained model that can capture the structure and stability of these supramolecular filaments at long time-scales (microseconds). These coarse-grained models successfully recapitulate the growth of the molecular clusters (and their elongation trends) compared with previously reported atomistic simulations. Furthermore, the interfacial structure and the helicity of the filaments are conserved. Next, we focus on characterization of the disassembly process of a 0.675 μm DA filament at microsecond time-scales. These results provide very useful tools for the rational design of functional supramolecular filaments, in particular supramolecular filaments for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungshim Kang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, NY 10314, USA.
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86
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Nizynski B, Dzwolak W, Nieznanski K. Amyloidogenesis of Tau protein. Protein Sci 2017; 26:2126-2150. [PMID: 28833749 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The role of microtubule-associated protein Tau in neurodegeneration has been extensively investigated since the discovery of Tau amyloid aggregates in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The process of formation of amyloid fibrils is known as amyloidogenesis and attracts much attention as a potential target in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative conditions linked to protein aggregation. Cerebral deposition of amyloid aggregates of Tau is observed not only in AD but also in numerous other tauopathies and prion diseases. Amyloidogenesis of intrinsically unstructured monomers of Tau can be triggered by mutations in the Tau gene, post-translational modifications, or interactions with polyanionic molecules and aggregation-prone proteins/peptides. The self-assembly of amyloid fibrils of Tau shares a number of characteristic features with amyloidogenesis of other proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases. For example, in vitro experiments have demonstrated that the nucleation phase, which is the rate-limiting stage of Tau amyloidogenesis, is shortened in the presence of fragmented preformed Tau fibrils acting as aggregation templates ("seeds"). Accordingly, Tau aggregates released by tauopathy-affected neurons can spread the neurodegenerative process in the brain through a prion-like mechanism, originally described for the pathogenic form of prion protein. Moreover, Tau has been shown to form amyloid strains-structurally diverse self-propagating aggregates of potentially various pathological effects, resembling in this respect prion strains. Here, we review the current literature on Tau aggregation and discuss mechanisms of propagation of Tau amyloid in the light of the prion-like paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Nizynski
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, 2C Banacha Str, Warsaw, 02-097, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dzwolak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Nieznanski
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
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87
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Jouanne M, Rault S, Voisin-Chiret AS. Tau protein aggregation in Alzheimer's disease: An attractive target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:153-167. [PMID: 28800454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder in which many biological dysfunctions are involved. Among them, two main types of lesions were discovered and widely studied: the amyloid plaques and the neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). These two lesions are caused by the dysfunction and the accumulation of two proteins which are, respectively, the beta-amyloid peptide and the tau protein. The process that leads these two proteins to aggregate is complex and is the subject of current studies. After a brief description of the aggregation mechanisms, we will provide an overview of new therapeutic agents targeting the different dysfunctions and toxic species found during aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jouanne
- Université Caen Normandie, France; UNICAEN, CERMN - EA 4258, FR CNRS 3038 INC3M, SF 4206 ICORE, bd Becquerel, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Sylvain Rault
- Université Caen Normandie, France; UNICAEN, CERMN - EA 4258, FR CNRS 3038 INC3M, SF 4206 ICORE, bd Becquerel, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Voisin-Chiret
- Université Caen Normandie, France; UNICAEN, CERMN - EA 4258, FR CNRS 3038 INC3M, SF 4206 ICORE, bd Becquerel, F-14032 Caen, France.
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88
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Cheetham AG, Lin YA, Lin R, Cui H. Molecular design and synthesis of self-assembling camptothecin drug amphiphiles. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:874-884. [PMID: 28260797 PMCID: PMC5520181 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The conjugation of small molecular hydrophobic anticancer drugs onto a short peptide with overall hydrophilicity to create self-assembling drug amphiphiles offers a new prodrug strategy, producing well-defined, discrete nanostructures with a high and quantitative drug loading. Here we show the detailed synthesis procedure and how the molecular structure can influence the synthesis of the self-assembling prodrugs and the physicochemical properties of their assemblies. A series of camptothecin-based drug amphiphiles were synthesized via combined solid- and solution-phase synthetic techniques, and the physicochemical properties of their self-assembled nanostructures were probed using a number of imaging and spectroscopic techniques. We found that the number of incorporated drug molecules strongly influences the rate at which the drug amphiphiles are formed, exerting a steric hindrance toward any additional drugs to be conjugated and necessitating extended reaction time. The choice of peptide sequence was found to affect the solubility of the conjugates and, by extension, the critical aggregation concentration and contour length of the filamentous nanostructures formed. In the design of self-assembling drug amphiphiles, the number of conjugated drug molecules and the choice of peptide sequence have significant effects on the nanostructures formed. These observations may allow the fine-tuning of the physicochemical properties for specific drug delivery applications, ie systemic vs local delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Cheetham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Chemistry and Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
| | - Yi-an Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Chemistry and Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
| | - Ran Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Chemistry and Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Chemistry and Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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89
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Dammers C, Yolcu D, Kukuk L, Willbold D, Pickhardt M, Mandelkow E, Horn AHC, Sticht H, Malhis MN, Will N, Schuster J, Funke SA. Selection and Characterization of Tau Binding ᴅ-Enantiomeric Peptides with Potential for Therapy of Alzheimer Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167432. [PMID: 28006031 PMCID: PMC5179029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease (AD), are associated with neurofibrillary tangles composed of the tau protein, as well as toxic tau oligomers. Inhibitors of pathological tau aggregation, interrupting tau self-assembly, might be useful for the development of therapeutics. Employing mirror image phage display with a large peptide library (over 109 different peptides), we have identified tau fibril binding peptides consisting of d-enantiomeric amino acids. d-enantiomeric peptides are extremely protease stable and not or less immunogenic than l-peptides, and the suitability of d-peptides for in vivo applications have already been demonstrated. Phage display selections were performed using fibrils of the d-enantiomeric hexapeptide VQIVYK, representing residues 306 to 311 of the tau protein, as a target. VQIVYK has been demonstrated to be important for fibril formation of the full lengths protein and forms fibrils by itself. Here, we report on d-enantiomeric peptides, which bind to VQIVYK, tau isoforms like tau3RD (K19) as well as to full lengths tau fibrils, and modulate the aggregation of the respective tau form. The peptides are able to penetrate cells and might be interesting for therapeutic and diagnostic applications in AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dammers
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Deniz Yolcu
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Laura Kukuk
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Pickhardt
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Anselm H C Horn
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Nadja Will
- Bioanalytik, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften, Coburg, Germany
| | - Judith Schuster
- Bioanalytik, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften, Coburg, Germany
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90
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Hsp90 directly interacts, in vitro, with amyloid structures and modulates their assembly and disassembly. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2598-2609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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91
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Waku T, Tanaka N. Recent advances in nanofibrous assemblies based on β-sheet-forming peptides for biomedical applications. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Waku
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Gosyokaido-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Gosyokaido-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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92
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Jiji AC, Shine A, Vijayan V. Direct Observation of Aggregation-Induced Backbone Conformational Changes in Tau Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Jiji
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | - A. Shine
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | - Vinesh Vijayan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
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93
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Direct Observation of Aggregation-Induced Backbone Conformational Changes in Tau Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11562-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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94
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Lunven L, Bonnet H, Yahiaoui S, Yi W, Da Costa L, Peuchmaur M, Boumendjel A, Chierici S. Disruption of Fibers from the Tau Model AcPHF6 by Naturally Occurring Aurones and Synthetic Analogues. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:995-1003. [PMID: 27225823 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of tau aggregates is strongly linked to the neurodegenerative process in tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet only a few molecules have shown to efficiently prevent the in vitro formation of those aggregates, and the identification of such molecules is still an ongoing interest in a therapeutic context. Herein, we report the in vitro evaluation of a series of aurones against the fibrillation of the tau-derived hexapeptide AcPHF6 model. Using thioflavin T-based fluorescence assays, circular dichroism and atomic force microscopy, we showed that aurones are capable of efficiently interacting with the tau-derived hexapeptide. Importantly, this work reveals a significant activity observed for polyhydroxylated aurones. In particular, aurone 23 displayed an almost complete inhibition of fibers formation as shown by AFM at a peptide/inhibitor 1:1 ratio. It is similar to that observed for myricetin, a polyphenolic compound, well-known to prevent the in vitro elongation of tau fibers. Moreover, a tetrahydroxylated isomer, compound 24, was shown as a chemical probe of fibers rather than an inhibitor. Consequently, these results highlight aurones as a new promising scaffold to interfere with tau aggregation for both treatment and diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Lunven
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Département
de Chimie Moléculaire, 38041 Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Hugues Bonnet
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Département
de Chimie Moléculaire, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Samir Yahiaoui
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Wei Yi
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Laurène Da Costa
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, 38400 St Martin d'Heres, France
| | - Sabine Chierici
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Département
de Chimie Moléculaire, 38041 Grenoble, France
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95
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Inhibition of tau aggregation using a naturally-occurring cyclic peptide scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 109:342-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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96
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Abstract
The convergence of nanoscience and drug delivery has prompted the formation of the field of nanomedicine, one that exploits the novel physicochemical and biological properties of nanostructures for improved medical treatments and reduced side effects. Until recently, this nanostructure-mediated strategy considered the drug to be solely a biologically active compound to be delivered, and its potential as a molecular building unit remained largely unexplored. A growing trend within nanomedicine has been the use of drug molecules to build well-defined nanostructures of various sizes and shapes. This strategy allows for the creation of self-delivering supramolecular nanomedicines containing a high and fixed drug content. Through rational design of the number and type of the drug incorporated, the resulting nanostructures can be tailored to assume various morphologies (e.g. nanospheres, rods, nanofibers, or nanotubes) for a particular mode of administration such as systemic, topical, and local delivery. This review covers the recent advances in this rapidly developing field, with the aim of providing an in-depth evaluation of the exciting opportunities that this new field could create to improve the current clinical practice of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Andrew G. Cheetham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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97
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98
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Hromadkova L, Kupcik R, Jankovicova B, Rousar T, Ripova D, Bilkova Z. Difficulties associated with the structural analysis of proteins susceptible to form aggregates: The case of Tau protein as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:799-807. [PMID: 26644024 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry coupled with bioaffinity separation techniques is considered a powerful tool for studying protein interactions. This work is focused on epitope analysis of tau protein, which contains two VQIXXK aggregation motifs regarded as crucial elements in the formation of paired helical filaments, the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease. To identify major immunogenic structures, the epitope extraction technique utilizing protein fragmentation and magnetic microparticles functionalized with specific antibodies was applied. However, the natural adhesiveness of some newly generated peptide fragments devalued the experimental results. Beside presumed peptide fragment specific to applied monoclonal anti-tau antibodies, the epitope extraction repeatedly revealed inter alia tryptic fragment 299-HVPGGGSVQIVYKPVDLSK-317 containing the fibril-forming motif 306-VQIVYK-311. The tryptic fragment pro-aggregation and hydrophobic properties that might contribute to adsorption phenomenon were examined by Thioflavin S and reversed-phase chromatography. Several conventional approaches to reduce the non-specific fragment sorption onto the magnetic particle surface were performed, however with no effect. To avoid methodological complications, we introduced an innovative approach based on altered proteolytic digestion. Simultaneous fragmentation of tau protein by two immobilized proteases differing in the cleavage specificity (TPCK-trypsin and α-chymotrypsin) led to the disruption of motif responsible for undesirable adhesiveness and enabled us to obtain undistorted structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Hromadkova
- Department of Neurobiology and AD Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Kupcik
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Jankovicova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Rousar
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Ripova
- Department of Neurobiology and AD Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bilkova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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99
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Sivakama Sundari C, Bikshapathy E, Nagaraj R. Self-assembly of a peptide with a tandem repeat of the Aβ16-22 sequence linked by a β turn-promoting dipeptide sequence. Biopolymers 2015; 104:790-803. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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100
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Eschmann NA, Do TD, LaPointe NE, Shea JE, Feinstein SC, Bowers MT, Han S. Tau Aggregation Propensity Engrained in Its Solution State. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14421-32. [PMID: 26484390 PMCID: PMC4645975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A peptide fragment of the human tau
protein which stacks to form
neat cross β-sheet fibrils, resembling that found in pathological
aggregation, 273GKVQIINKKLDL284 (here
“R2/WT”), was modified with a spin-label at the N-terminus.
With the resulting peptide, R2/G273C-SL, we probed events at time
scales spanning seconds to hours after aggregation is initiated using
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thioflavin T (THT) fluorescence,
ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS), electron paramagnetic resonance
(EPR), and Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (ODNP) to determine
if deliberate changes to its conformational states and population
in solution influence downstream propensity to form fibrillar aggregates.
We find varying solution conditions by adding the osmolyte urea or
TMAO, or simply using different buffers (acetate buffer, phosphate
buffer, or water), produces significant differences in early monomer/dimer
populations and conformations. Crucially, these characteristics of
the peptide in solution state before aggregation
is initiated dictate the fibril formation propensity after aggregation. We conclude the driving forces that accelerate aggregation,
when heparin is added, do not override the subtle intra- or interprotein
interactions induced by the initial solvent conditions. In other words,
the balance of protein–protein vs protein–solvent interactions
present in the initial solution conditions is a critical driving force
for fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Eschmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thanh D Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nichole E LaPointe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Stuart C Feinstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michael T Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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