51
|
Zhang K, Wang H. [Role of Fucosylation in Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 19:760-765. [PMID: 27866519 PMCID: PMC5999636 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.11.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
岩藻糖基化是重要的糖基化修饰方式,在哺乳动物中发挥重要作用,其参与ABO血型H抗原、Lewis血型抗原形成、选择素介导的白细胞外渗或归巢、宿主病原相互作用及信号通路修饰。在多种肿瘤中存在岩藻糖基化异常,其在肿瘤生长、侵袭、转移、免疫逃逸以及药物敏感性方面发挥重要作用,与肺癌的发生发展及预后密切相关。因此,靶向肿瘤中异常岩藻糖基化可能成为治疗肿瘤的新策略。本文将对岩藻糖基化在肿瘤发生发展中的作用进行综述。
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Lung Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Lung Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Greville G, McCann A, Rudd PM, Saldova R. Epigenetic regulation of glycosylation and the impact on chemo-resistance in breast and ovarian cancer. Epigenetics 2016; 11:845-857. [PMID: 27689695 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1241932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most fundamental posttranslational modifications in cellular biology and has been shown to be epigenetically regulated. Understanding this process is important as epigenetic therapies such as those using DNA methyltransferase inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer. Previous work has demonstrated that altered glycosylation patterns are associated with aggressive disease in women presenting with breast and ovarian cancer. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment of hypoxia results in globally altered DNA methylation and is associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes and chemo-resistance, a feature integral to many cancers. There is sparse knowledge on the impact of these therapies on glycosylation. Moreover, little is known about the efficacy of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in hypoxic tumors. In this review, we interrogate the impact that hypoxia and epigenetic regulation has on cancer cell glycosylation in relation to resultant tumor cell aggressiveness and chemo-resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Greville
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- b UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Science, University College Dublin , UCD, Belfield, Dublin , Ireland.,c UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin , UCD, Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Pauline M Rudd
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Radka Saldova
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Hoja-Łukowicz D, Przybyło M, Duda M, Pocheć E, Bubka M. On the trail of the glycan codes stored in cancer-related cell adhesion proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3237-3257. [PMID: 27565356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the profile of protein glycosylation are a hallmark of ongoing neoplastic transformation. A unique set of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens expressed on the surface of malignant cells may serve as powerful diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Cell-surface proteins with altered glycosylation affect the growth, proliferation and survival of those cells, and contribute to their acquisition of the ability to migrate and invade. They may also facilitate tumor-induced immunosuppression and the formation of distant metastases. Deciphering the information encoded in these particular glycan portions of glycoconjugates may shed light on the mechanisms of cancer progression and metastasis. A majority of the related review papers have focused on overall changes in the patterns of cell-surface glycans in various cancers, without pinpointing the molecular carriers of these glycan structures. The present review highlights the ways in which particular tumor-associated glycan(s) coupled with a given membrane-bound protein influence neoplastic cell behavior during the development and progression of cancer. We focus on altered glycosylated cell-adhesion molecules belonging to the cadherin, integrin and immunoglobulin-like superfamilies, examined in the context of molecular interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Duda
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Bubka
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Fujii H, Shinzaki S, Iijima H, Wakamatsu K, Iwamoto C, Sobajima T, Kuwahara R, Hiyama S, Hayashi Y, Takamatsu S, Uozumi N, Kamada Y, Tsujii M, Taniguchi N, Takehara T, Miyoshi E. Core Fucosylation on T Cells, Required for Activation of T-Cell Receptor Signaling and Induction of Colitis in Mice, Is Increased in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:1620-1632. [PMID: 26965517 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Attachment of a fucose molecule to the innermost N-glycan in a glycoprotein (core fucosylation) regulates the activity of many growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules. The process is catalyzed by α1-6 fucosyltransferase (FUT8) and required for immune regulation, but it is not clear whether this process is dysregulated during disease pathogenesis. We investigated whether core fucosylation regulates T-cell activation and induction of colitis in mice, and is altered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Biopsy samples were collected from inflamed and noninflamed regions of intestine from patients (8 with Crohn's disease, 4 with ulcerative colitis, and 4 without IBD [controls]) at Osaka University Hospital. Colitis was induced in FUT8-deficient (Fut8(-/-)) mice and Fut8(+/+) littermates by administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Intestinal tissues were collected and analyzed histologically. Immune cells were collected and analyzed by lectin flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, as well as for production of cytokines and levels of T-cell receptor (TCR) in lipid raft fractions. T-cell function was analyzed by intraperitoneal injection of CD4(+)CD62L(+) naïve T cells into RAG2-deficient mice. RESULTS Levels of core fucosylation were increased on T cells from mice with colitis, compared with mice without colitis, as well as on inflamed mucosa from patients with IBD, compared with their noninflamed tissues or tissues from control patients. Fut8(-/-) mice developed less-severe colitis than Fut8(+/+) mice, and T cells from Fut8(-/-) mice produced lower levels of T-helper 1 and 2 cytokines. Adoptive transfer of Fut8(-/-) T cells to RAG2-deficient mice reduced the severity of colitis. Compared with CD4(+) T cells from Fut8(+/+) mice, those from Fut8(-/-) mice expressed similar levels of TCR and CD28, but these proteins did not contain core fucosylation. TCR complexes formed on CD4(+) T cells from Fut8(-/-) mice did not signal properly after activation and were not transported to lipid rafts. CONCLUSIONS Core fucosylation of the TCR is required for T-cell signaling and production of inflammatory cytokines and induction of colitis in mice. Levels of TCR core fucosylation are increased on T cells from intestinal tissues of patients with IBD; this process might be blocked as a therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shinzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kana Wakamatsu
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chizuru Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sobajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Takamatsu
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naofumi Uozumi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tsujii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Ezawa I, Sawai Y, Kawase T, Okabe A, Tsutsumi S, Ichikawa H, Kobayashi Y, Tashiro F, Namiki H, Kondo T, Semba K, Aburatani H, Taya Y, Nakagama H, Ohki R. Novel p53 target gene FUCA1 encodes a fucosidase and regulates growth and survival of cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:734-45. [PMID: 26998741 PMCID: PMC4968591 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 functions by inducing the transcription of a collection of target genes. We previously attempted to identify p53 target genes by microarray expression and ChIP‐sequencing analyses. In this study, we describe a novel p53 target gene, FUCA1, which encodes a fucosidase. Although fucosidase, α‐l‐1 (FUCA1) has been reported to be a lysosomal protein, we detected it outside of lysosomes and observed that its activity is highest at physiological pH. As there is a reported association between fucosylation and tumorigenesis, we investigated the potential role of FUCA1 in cancer. We found that overexpression of FUCA1, but not a mutant defective in enzyme activity, suppressed the growth of cancer cells and induced cell death. Furthermore, we showed that FUCA1 reduced fucosylation and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor, and concomitantly suppressed epidermal growth factor signaling pathways. FUCA1 loss‐of‐function mutations are found in several cancers, its expression is reduced in cancers of the large intestine, and low FUCA1 expression is associated with poorer prognosis in several cancers. These results show that protein defucosylation mediated by FUCA1 is involved in tumor suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issei Ezawa
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Sawai
- Radiobiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawase
- Radiobiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okabe
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Fumio Tashiro
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Namiki
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Taya
- Radiobiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakagama
- Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rieko Ohki
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Radiobiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Sawanobori A, Moriwaki K, Takamatsu S, Kamada Y, Miyoshi E. A glycoproteomic approach to identify novel glycomarkers for cancer stem cells. Proteomics 2016; 16:3073-3080. [PMID: 26949200 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Most cancers consist of heterogeneous populations of cells with substantial differences in tumorigenicity. Cells that possess self-renewal and tumor-initiating properties are often called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Since CSCs underlie tumor recurrence and metastasis and are resistant to current anti-cancer therapies, novel therapeutic strategies to efficiently target this subset of cells are needed. Aberrant glycosylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Many cancer-associated glycans have been reported to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, and are used as tumor markers. Over the past several years, we have identified characteristic glycans on CSCs by utilizing recent advances in glycoproteomic technologies. In this review, we would like to summarize a series of our recent studies and discuss possible applications of glycomarkers for CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Sawanobori
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenta Moriwaki
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinji Takamatsu
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Oku T, Ando Y, Ogura M, Tsuji T. Development of Splice Variant-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Against Human α3 Integrin. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2016; 35:12-7. [PMID: 26788840 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2015.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a major family of adhesion molecules, consisting of heterodimers (α and β subunits). Several reports have suggested the presence of splice variants in the cytoplasmic domain of certain integrin subunits. In the present study, we detected mRNA of integrin α3 splice variants (α3A and α3B) by RT-PCR using total RNA from the human brain as a template. The α3B variant lacks the sequence coded by exon 25 and appears to be generated by alternative splicing. We established mouse hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (both of which are of IgG1 class) specific for each variant. Each antibody exhibited specific reactivity towards the corresponding integrin α3 variant in Western blotting and immunoprecipitation experiments, suggesting it to be a useful tool for detection of the respective integrin variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ando
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Ogura
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tsuji
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
de Kreutzenberg SV, Ceolotto G, Cattelan A, Pagnin E, Mazzucato M, Garagnani P, Borelli V, Bacalini MG, Franceschi C, Fadini GP, Avogaro A. Metformin improves putative longevity effectors in peripheral mononuclear cells from subjects with prediabetes. A randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:686-693. [PMID: 25921843 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Prediabetes increases cardiovascular risk and is associated with excess mortality. In preclinical models, metformin has been shown to exert anti-ageing effects. In this study, we sought to assess whether metformin modulates putative effector longevity programs in prediabetic subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS In a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 38 prediabetic subjects received metformin (1500 mg/day) or placebo for 2 months. At baseline and after treatment, we collected anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Gene and protein levels of SIRT1, mTOR, p53, p66Shc, SIRT1 activity, AMPK activation, telomere length, and SIRT1 promoter chromatin accessibility were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Plasma N-glycans, non-invasive surrogate markers of ageing, were also analysed. Compared to baseline, metformin significantly improved metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity, increased SIRT1 gene/protein expression and SIRT1 promoter chromatin accessibility, elevated mTOR gene expression with concomitant reduction in p70S6K phosphorylation in subjects' PBMCs, and modified the plasma N-glycan profile. Compared to placebo, metformin increased SIRT1 protein expression and reduced p70S6K phosphorylation (a proxy of mTOR activity). Plasma N-glycans were also favourably modified by metformin compared to placebo. CONCLUSION In individuals with prediabetes, metformin ameliorated effector pathways that have been shown to regulate longevity in animal models. ClinicalTrials. gov identifier: NCT01765946 - January 2013.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G Ceolotto
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - A Cattelan
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - E Pagnin
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - M Mazzucato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - P Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - V Borelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - M G Bacalini
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" for Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - C Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - G P Fadini
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine - VIMM, Padova, Italy
| | - A Avogaro
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine - VIMM, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Wang Y, Fukuda T, Isaji T, Lu J, Im S, Hang Q, Gu W, Hou S, Ohtsubo K, Gu J. Loss of α1,6-fucosyltransferase inhibits chemical-induced hepatocellular carcinoma and tumorigenesis by down-regulating several cell signaling pathways. FASEB J 2015; 29:3217-27. [PMID: 25873065 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-270710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulation of core fucosylation catalyzed by α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) has been observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, to explore the role of Fut8 expression in hepatocarcinogensis, we established the chemical-induced HCC models in the male wild-type (WT; Fut8(+/+)), hetero (Fut8(+/-)), and knockout (KO; Fut8(-/-)) mice by use of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and pentobarbital (PB). In the Fut8(+/+) and Fut8(+/-) mice, multiple large and vascularized nodules were induced with an increased expression of Fut8 after DEN and PB treatment. However, the formation of HCC in Fut8(-/-) mice was suppressed almost completely. This potent inhibitory effect of Fut8 deficiency on tumorigenesis was also confirmed by the abolished tumor formation of Fut8 KO human hepatoma cell line cells by use of a xenograft tumor model. Furthermore, loss of the Fut8 gene resulted in attenuated responses to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the HepG2 cell line, which provides the possible mechanisms for the contribution of Fut8 to hepatocarcinogensis. Taken together, our study clearly demonstrated that core fucosylation acts as a critical functional modulator in the liver and implicated Fut8 as a prognostic marker, as well as a novel, therapeutic target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Jishun Lu
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Sanghun Im
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Qinglei Hang
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Wei Gu
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Sicong Hou
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ohtsubo
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- *Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Lemjabbar-Alaoui H, McKinney A, Yang YW, Tran VM, Phillips JJ. Glycosylation alterations in lung and brain cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 126:305-44. [PMID: 25727152 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in glycosylation are common in cancer and are thought to contribute to disease. Lung cancer and primary malignant brain cancer, most commonly glioblastoma, are genetically heterogeneous diseases with extremely poor prognoses. In this review, we summarize the data demonstrating that glycosylation is altered in lung and brain cancer. We then use specific examples to highlight the diverse roles of glycosylation in these two deadly diseases and illustrate shared mechanisms of oncogenesis. In addition to alterations in glycoconjugate biosynthesis, we also discuss mechanisms of postsynthetic glycan modification in cancer. We suggest that alterations in glycosylation in lung and brain cancer provide novel tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Lemjabbar-Alaoui
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Program, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrew McKinney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Yang
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Program, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vy M Tran
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Loss of α1,6-fucosyltransferase suppressed liver regeneration: implication of core fucose in the regulation of growth factor receptor-mediated cellular signaling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8264. [PMID: 25652335 PMCID: PMC4317695 DOI: 10.1038/srep08264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Core fucosylation is an important post-translational modification, which is catalyzed by α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8). Increased expression of Fut8 has been shown in diverse carcinomas including hepatocarcinoma. In this study, we investigated the role of Fut8 expression in liver regeneration by using the 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) model, and found that Fut8 is also critical for the regeneration of liver. Interestingly, we show that the Fut8 activities were significantly increased in the beginning of PH (~4d), but returned to the basal level in the late stage of PH. Lacking Fut8 led to delayed liver recovery in mice. This retardation mainly resulted from suppressed hepatocyte proliferation, as supported not only by a decreased phosphorylation level of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor in the liver of Fut8−/− mice in vivo, but by the reduced response to exogenous EGF and HGF of the primary hepatocytes isolated from the Fut8−/− mice. Furthermore, an administration of L-fucose, which can increase GDP-fucose synthesis through a salvage pathway, significantly rescued the delayed liver regeneration of Fut8+/− mice. Overall, our study provides the first direct evidence for the involvement of Fut8 in liver regeneration.
Collapse
|
62
|
Wang X, Chen J, Li QK, Peskoe SB, Zhang B, Choi C, Platz EA, Zhang H. Overexpression of α (1,6) fucosyltransferase associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Glycobiology 2014; 24:935-44. [PMID: 24906821 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protein glycosylation is known to be associated with the development of cancers. The aberrant glycans are produced by the combined actions of changed glycosylation enzymes, substrates and transporters in glycosylation synthesis pathways in cancer cells. To identify glycosylation enzymes associated with aggressive prostate cancer (PCa), we analyzed the difference in the expression of glycosyltransferase genes between aggressive and non-aggressive PCa. Three candidate genes encoding glycosyltransferases that were elevated in aggressive PCa were subsequently selected. The expression of the three candidates was then further evaluated in androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (PC3) PCa cell lines. We found that the protein expression of one of the glycosyltransferases, α (1,6) fucosyltransferase (FUT8), was only detected in PC3 cells, but not in LNCaP cells. We further showed that FUT8 protein expression was elevated in metastatic PCa tissues compared to normal prostate tissues. In addition, using tissue microarrays, we found that FUT8 overexpression was statistically associated with PCa with a high Gleason score. Using PC3 and LNCaP cells as models, we found that FUT8 overexpression in LNCaP cells increased PCa cell migration, while loss of FUT8 in PC3 cells decreased cell motility. Our results suggest that FUT8 may be associated with aggressive PCa and thus is potentially useful for its prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sarah B Peskoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Caitlin Choi
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and the Sidney Comprehensive Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Bassagañas S, Carvalho S, Dias AM, Pérez-Garay M, Ortiz MR, Figueras J, Reis CA, Pinho SS, Peracaula R. Pancreatic cancer cell glycosylation regulates cell adhesion and invasion through the modulation of α2β1 integrin and E-cadherin function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98595. [PMID: 24878505 PMCID: PMC4039506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies we have described that ST3Gal III transfected pancreatic adenocarcinoma Capan-1 and MDAPanc-28 cells show increased membrane expression levels of sialyl-Lewis x (SLe(x)) along with a concomitant decrease in α2,6-sialic acid compared to control cells. Here we have addressed the role of this glycosylation pattern in the functional properties of two glycoproteins involved in the processes of cancer cell invasion and migration, α2β1 integrin, the main receptor for type 1 collagen, and E-cadherin, responsible for cell-cell contacts and whose deregulation determines cell invasive capabilities. Our results demonstrate that ST3Gal III transfectants showed reduced cell-cell aggregation and increased invasive capacities. ST3Gal III transfected Capan-1 cells exhibited higher SLe(x) and lower α2,6-sialic acid content on the glycans of their α2β1 integrin molecules. As a consequence, higher phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase tyrosine 397, which is recognized as one of the first steps of integrin-derived signaling pathways, was observed in these cells upon adhesion to type 1 collagen. This molecular mechanism underlies the increased migration through collagen of these cells. In addition, the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines as well as human pancreatic tumor tissues showed colocalization of SLe(x) and E-cadherin, which was higher in the ST3Gal III transfectants. In conclusion, changes in the sialylation pattern of α2β1 integrin and E-cadherin appear to influence the functional role of these two glycoproteins supporting the role of these glycans as an underlying mechanism regulating pancreatic cancer cell adhesion and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sònia Bassagañas
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Dias
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Pérez-Garay
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - M. Rosa Ortiz
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Joan Figueras
- Department of Surgery, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, IdIBGi, Girona, Spain
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S. Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosa Peracaula
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Lu YC, Chen CN, Chu CY, Lu J, Wang BJ, Chen CH, Huang MC, Lin TH, Pan CC, Chen SSA, Hsu WM, Liao YF, Wu PY, Hsia HY, Chang CC, Lee H. Calreticulin activates β1 integrin via fucosylation by fucosyltransferase 1 in J82 human bladder cancer cells. Biochem J 2014; 460:69-78. [PMID: 24593306 DOI: 10.1042/bj20131424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylation regulates various pathological events in cells. We reported that different levels of CRT (calreticulin) affect the cell adhesion and metastasis of bladder cancer. However, the precise mechanism of tumour metastasis regulated by CRT remains unclear. Using a DNA array, we identified FUT1 (fucosyltransferase 1) as a gene regulated by CRT expression levels. CRT regulated cell adhesion through α1,2-linked fucosylation of β1 integrin and this modification was catalysed by FUT1. To clarify the roles for FUT1 in bladder cancer, we transfected the human FUT1 gene into CRT-RNAi stable cell lines. FUT1 overexpression in CRT-RNAi cells resulted in increased levels of β1 integrin fucosylation and rescued cell adhesion to type-I collagen. Treatment with UEA-1 (Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1), a lectin that recognizes FUT1-modified glycosylation structures, did not affect cell adhesion. In contrast, a FUT1-specific fucosidase diminished the activation of β1 integrin. These results indicated that α1,2-fucosylation of β1 integrin was not involved in integrin-collagen interaction, but promoted β1 integrin activation. Moreover, we demonstrated that CRT regulated FUT1 mRNA degradation at the 3'-UTR. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that CRT stabilized FUT1 mRNA, thereby leading to an increase in fucosylation of β1 integrin. Furthermore, increased fucosylation levels activate β1 integrin, rather than directly modifying the integrin-binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chien Lu
- *Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | - Jenher Lu
- ∥Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bo-Jeng Wang
- ¶Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Hua Chen
- **Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Min-Chuan Huang
- **Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsui-Hwa Lin
- *Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Chen Pan
- ††Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Swey-Shen Alex Chen
- ‡‡Department of Molecular Biology, the Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037, U.S.A
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- §Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- ¶Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Yi Wu
- *Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Yi Hsia
- *Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chi Chang
- §§Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Bai Y, Huang W, Ma LT, Jiang JL, Chen ZN. Importance of N-glycosylation on CD147 for its biological functions. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6356-77. [PMID: 24739808 PMCID: PMC4013633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of glycoproteins is one of many molecular changes that accompany malignant transformation. Post-translational modifications of proteins are closely associated with the adhesion, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. CD147, a tumor-associated antigen that is highly expressed on the cell surface of various tumors, is a potential target for cancer diagnosis and therapy. A significant biochemical property of CD147 is its high level of glycosylation. Studies on the structure and function of CD147 glycosylation provide valuable clues to the development of targeted therapies for cancer. Here, we review current understanding of the glycosylation characteristics of CD147 and the glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of CD147 N-glycans. Finally, we discuss proteins regulating CD147 glycosylation and the biological functions of CD147 glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wan Huang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Li-Tian Ma
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jian-Li Jiang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Kurimoto A, Kitazume S, Kizuka Y, Nakajima K, Oka R, Fujinawa R, Korekane H, Yamaguchi Y, Wada Y, Taniguchi N. The absence of core fucose up-regulates GnT-III and Wnt target genes: a possible mechanism for an adaptive response in terms of glycan function. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:11704-11714. [PMID: 24619415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.502542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans play key roles in a variety of protein functions under normal and pathological conditions, but several glycosyltransferase-deficient mice exhibit no or only mild phenotypes due to redundancy or compensation of glycan functions. However, we have only a limited understanding of the underlying mechanism for these observations. Our previous studies indicated that 70% of Fut8-deficient (Fut8(-/-)) mice that lack core fucose structure die within 3 days after birth, but the remainder survive for up to several weeks although they show growth retardation as well as emphysema. In this study, we show that, in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Fut8(-/-) mice, another N-glycan branching structure, bisecting GlcNAc, is specifically up-regulated by enhanced gene expression of the responsible enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III). As candidate target glycoproteins for bisecting GlcNAc modification, we confirmed that level of bisecting GlcNAc on β1-integrin and N-cadherin was increased in Fut8(-/-) MEFs. Moreover using mass spectrometry, glycan analysis of IgG1 in Fut8(-/-) mouse serum demonstrated that bisecting GlcNAc contents were also increased by Fut8 deficiency in vivo. As an underlying mechanism, we found that in Fut8(-/-) MEFs Wnt/β-catenin signaling is up-regulated, and an inhibitor against Wnt signaling was found to abrogate GnT-III expression, indicating that Wnt/β-catenin is involved in GnT-III up-regulation. Furthermore, various oxidative stress-related genes were also increased in Fut8(-/-) MEFs. These data suggest that Fut8(-/-) mice adapted to oxidative stress, both ex vivo and in vivo, by inducing various genes including GnT-III, which may compensate for the loss of core fucose functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kurimoto
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Shinobu Kitazume
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Ritsuko Oka
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Reiko Fujinawa
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Hiroaki Korekane
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Yoshinao Wada
- Research Institute, Osaka Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Osaka, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomic Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Zhao Y, Miao G, Li Y, Isaji T, Gu J, Li J, Qi R. MicroRNA- 130b suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells through downregulation of integrin β1 [corrected]. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87938. [PMID: 24498407 PMCID: PMC3912181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA 130b (miR-130b) is significantly dysregulated in various human tumor types. In this study, using a microarray assay, we characterized the upregulation of miR-130b expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens. However, there is limited knowledge about the roles of aberrant miR-130b expression in CRC. Our studies in CRC cells demonstrated that miR-130b significantly decreases cell migration and invasion, but it has no evidently effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In the overexpression miR-130b CRC cells and the CRC specimens, we observed a decreased level of integrin β1 protein, which is considered as a key molecule involved in cell motility. The targeting of the 3'-UTR region of integrin β1 gene by miR-130b was revealed using a luciferase reporter assay. The regulation of integrin β1 by miR-130b was further shown using the miR-130b mimics and the inhibitor of miR-130b. The impaired motility of the miR-130b overexpression cells is recovered partly by the expression of integrin β1 lacking the 3'-UTR. Additionally, the knockdown of integrin β1 also gives rise to a decrease in cell migration and invasion, which is similar to the impeded motility due to overexpression of miR-130b in CRC cells. Furthermore, the inverse expressions of miR-130b and integrin β1 were observed in CRC specimens. In summary, these data demonstrate that miR-130b downregulates its target-integrin β1, leading to the impaired migration and invasion of CRC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Miao
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Chen CH, Wang SH, Liu CH, Wu YL, Wang WJ, Huang J, Hung JS, Lai IR, Liang JT, Huang MC. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase III suppresses β1 integrin-mediated invasive phenotypes and negatively correlates with metastasis in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1258-66. [PMID: 24403309 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis often occurs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and is the main difficulty in cancer treatment. The upregulation of poly-N-acetyllactosamine-related glycosylation is found in CRC patients and is associated with progression and metastasis in cancer. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase III (B4GALT3) is an enzyme responsible for poly-N-acetyllactosamine synthesis, and therefore, we investigated its expression in CRC patients. We found that B4GALT3 negatively correlated with poorly differentiated histology (P < 0.001), advanced stages (P = 0.0052), regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0018) and distant metastasis (P = 0.0463) in CRC patients. B4GALT3 overexpression in CRC cells suppressed cell migration, invasion and adhesion, whereas B4GALT3 knockdown enhanced malignant cell phenotypes. The β1 integrin-blocking antibody reversed the B4GALT3-mediated increase in cell invasion. B4GALT3 expression altered glycosylation on the N-glycan of β1 integrin probably through changes in poly-N-acetyllactosamine expression. Furthermore, more activated β1 integrin along with the activation of its downstream signaling transduction were found in B4GALT3 knockdown cells, whereas overexpression of B4GALT3 suppressed the expression of active β1 integrin and inhibited its downstream signaling. Our results suggest that B4GALT3 is negatively associated with CRC metastasis and suppresses cell invasiveness through inhibiting activation of β1 integrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Hua Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Wu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | | | - Ji-Shiang Hung
- Department of Surgery and Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan and
| | - I-Rue Lai
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Department of Surgery and
| | | | - Min-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Glycophenotype evaluation in cutaneous tumors using lectins labeled with acridinium ester. DISEASE MARKERS 2013; 35:149-54. [PMID: 24167360 PMCID: PMC3774981 DOI: 10.1155/2013/787130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background. Tumor cells show alterations in their glycosylation patterns when compared to normal cells. Lectins can be used to evaluate these glycocode changes. Chemiluminescence assay is an effective technique for quantitative analysis of proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates due to its high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid testing. Objective. To use histochemiluminescence based on lectin conjugated to acridinium ester (AE) for the investigation of glycophenotype changes in cutaneous tumors. Methods. Concanavalin A (Con A), Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I), and Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) were conjugated to acridinium ester. Biopsies of cutaneous tumors and normal skin were incubated with the lectins-AE, and chemiluminescence was quantified and expressed as Relative Light Units (RLU). Results. Actinic keratosis (AK), keratoacanthoma (KA), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) showed lower expression of α-D-glucose/mannose and α-L-fucose residues compared to normal tissue. Cutaneous tumors displayed higher expression of Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc residues than normal tissue. AK and SCC exhibited higher expression of Neu5Ac-α(2,3)Gal residues than normal epidermis. KA and BCC showed equivalent RLU values compared to normal tissue. Conclusions. Lectin histochemiluminescence allowed quantitative assessment of the carbohydrate expression in cutaneous tissues, contributing to eliminate the subjectivity of conventional techniques used in the histopathological diagnosis.
Collapse
|
70
|
Kötzler MP, Blank S, Bantleon FI, Wienke M, Spillner E, Meyer B. Donor assists acceptor binding and catalysis of human α1,6-fucosyltransferase. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:1830-40. [PMID: 23730796 DOI: 10.1021/cb400140u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
α1,6-Core-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) is a vital enzyme in mammalian physiological and pathophysiological processes such as tumorigenesis and progress of, among others, non-small cell lung cancer and colon carcinoma. It was also shown that therapeutic antibodies have a dramatically higher efficacy if the α1,6-fucosyl residue is absent. However, specific and potent inhibitors for FUT8 and related enzymes are lacking. Hence, it is crucial to elucidate the structural basis of acceptor binding and the catalytic mechanism. We present here the first structural model of FUT8 in complex with its acceptor and donor molecules. An unusually large acceptor, i.e., a hexasaccharide from the core of N-glycans, is required as minimal structure. Acceptor substrate binding of FUT8 is being dissected experimentally by STD NMR and SPR and theoretically by molecular dynamics simulations. The acceptor binding site forms an unusually large and shallow binding site. Binding of the acceptor to the enzyme is much faster and stronger if the donor is present. This is due to strong hydrogen bonding between O6 of the proximal N-acetylglucosamine and an oxygen atom of the β-phosphate of GDP-fucose. Therefore, we propose an ordered Bi Bi mechanism for FUT8 where the donor molecule binds first. No specific amino acid is present that could act as base during catalysis. Our results indicate a donor-assisted mechanism, where an oxygen of the β-phosphate deprotonates the acceptor. Knowledge of the mechanism of FUT8 is now being used for rational design of targeted inhibitors to address metastasis and prognosis of carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam P. Kötzler
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| | - Simon Blank
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| | - Frank I. Bantleon
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| | - Martin Wienke
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| | - Edzard Spillner
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| | - Bernd Meyer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146,
Germany
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Basement membrane extract preserves islet viability and activity in vitro by up-regulating α3 integrin and its signal. Pancreas 2013; 42:971-6. [PMID: 23587851 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318287cfe0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Survival of transplanted islets is limited partly because of the disruption of the islet basement membrane (BM) occurring during isolation. We hypothesized that the embedment of BM extract (BME) could induce a viable cell mass and prolong islet functionality before transplantation. METHODS A special reconstituted BME that solidifies into a gel at 37°C was used to embed isolated islets in this study. The strategy was used to re-establish the interaction between the islets and peri-islet BM. RESULTS Islets embedded in BME showed lower caspase-3 levels and higher Akt activity than those in suspension. Moreover, we found for the first time that the expression of α3 integrin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and FAK activity was up-regulated in islets after BME embedment. The reverse effect was observed on islet apoptosis when islets rescued from a 24-hour suspension culture were embedded in BME for the next 24 hours. In addition, expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor-1 and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 was partially preserved, suggesting the positive effect of BME on islet development. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that BME embedment of islets can up-regulate the expression of α3 integrin and its signal transduction, which may improve islet viability.
Collapse
|
72
|
Gu W, Fukuda T, Isaji T, Hashimoto H, Wang Y, Gu J. α1,6-Fucosylation regulates neurite formation via the activin/phospho-Smad2 pathway in PC12 cells: the implicated dual effects of Fut8 for TGF-β/activin-mediated signaling. FASEB J 2013; 27:3947-58. [PMID: 23796784 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-225805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) and its products, α1,6-fucosylated N-glycans, are highly expressed in brain tissue. Recently, we reported that Fut8-knockout mice exhibited multiple behavioral abnormalities with a schizophrenia-like phenotype, suggesting that α1,6-fucosylation plays important roles in the brain and neuron system. In the present study, we screened several neural cell lines and found that PC12 cells express the highest levels of α1,6-fucosylation. The knockdown (KD) of Fut8 promoted a significant enhancement of neurite formation and induction of neurofilament expression. Surprisingly, the levels of phospho-Smad2 were greatly increased in the KD cells. Finally, we found that the activin-mediated signal pathway was essential for these changes in KD cells. Exogenous activin, not TGF-β1, induced neurite outgrowth and phospho-Smad2. In addition, the α1,6-fucosylation level on the activin receptors was greatly decreased in KD cells, while the total expression level was unchanged, suggesting that α1,6-fucosylation negatively regulated activin-mediated signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of activin receptor-mediated signaling or restoration of Fut8 expression rescued cell morphology and phospho-Smad2 levels, which were enhanced in KD cells. Considering the fact that α1,6-fucosylation is important for TGF-β-mediated signaling, the results of this study strongly suggest that Fut8 plays a dual role in TGF-β/activin-mediated signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- 1Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Gao J, Hu Z, Liu D, Liu J, Liu C, Hou R, Gao S, Zhang D, Zhang S, Lin B. Expression of Lewis y antigen and integrin αv, β3 in ovarian cancer and their relationship with chemotherapeutic drug resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:36. [PMID: 23725446 PMCID: PMC3699420 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the expression of Lewis y antigen, integrin αv, β3 in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues. We further evaluate the relationship between their expression and chemotherapy resistance of ovarian cancer and its possible clinical significance. METHODS Tissues of 92 patients with ovarian cancer meeting the inclusion criteria with complete follow-up data were enrolled and divided into chemotherapy resistant group and sensitive group. The expression and relationship of Lewis y antigen and integrin αv, β3 are assessed in paraffin sections using immunohistochemistry and double-labeling immunofluorescence method. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between age, clinical stage, differentiation, histologic subtype, Lewis y antigen and integrin αv, β3 expression in ovarian cancer patients. RESULTS The expression rates of Lewis y antigen and integrin αv in the resistant group, significantly higher than the rates found in the sensitive group (p <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the expression of Lewis y antigen, integrin αv and ovarian cancer's clinical stage were independent, drug resistance-related risk factors. The expression levels of Lewis y antigen and integrin αv, β3 were positively correlated with each other. CONCLUSIONS A close correlation between Lewis y antigen, integrin αv, β3 and ovarian cancer was observed. Lewis y antigen can influence the biological behavior of a tumor cell as an important composition of integrin αv, β3 by some signal pathway. And the expression of Lewis y antigen, integrin αv and ovarian cancer's clinical stage are both independent, drug resistance-related risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Ihara H, Tsukamoto H, Taniguchi N, Ikeda Y. An assay for α 1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) activity based on the HPLC separation of a reaction product with fluorescence detection. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1022:335-348. [PMID: 23765673 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-465-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
N-Glycans with an α-fucose unit linked to the 6-position of the innermost GlcNAc are widely distributed among the animal kingdom, from worms and insects to human. This α1,6-linked fucosyl residue, frequently referred to as a core fucose, is formed via the action of an α1,6-fucosyltransferase, the mammalian ortholog which is systematically called FUT8. In mammals, it is well known that the extent of core-fucosylation in cellular and secreted glycoproteins varies, e.g., according to differentiation and carcinogenesis of the cells. This chapter describes a method for the sensitive and quantitative assay of FUT8 activity using a fluorescence-labeled oligosaccharyl asparagine derivative as the glycosyl acceptor substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Ihara
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
75
|
Tsou PS, Ruth JH, Campbell PL, Isozaki T, Lee S, Marotte H, Domino SE, Koch AE, Amin MA. A novel role for inducible Fut2 in angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2013; 16:195-205. [PMID: 23065099 PMCID: PMC4441274 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Angiogenesis plays an important role in wound healing and tumor growth. Fucosyltransferases synthesize fucosylated glycans and may play a major role in vascular biology. OBJECTIVE To examine the role of an alpha(1,2) fucosyltransferase (Fut2) in angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that Fut2 mRNA and protein expression is inducible in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). After finding that Fut2 is inducible in HMVECs, we examined if Fut2 contributes to angiogenesis. We found that Fut2 null endothelial cell (EC) migration and tube formation were significantly less compared to wild type (wt) ECs. Angiogenesis was impaired in Fut2 null compared to wt mice in the mouse Matrigel plug and the sponge granuloma angiogenesis assays. To assess the characteristics of Fut2 null ECs in vivo, we performed Matrigel plug angiogenesis assays in wt mice using Fut2 null and wt mouse ECs. We found a significant decrease in Fut2 null EC incorporation in neoangiogenesis compared to wt ECs. ERK1/2 activation, fibroblast growth factor receptor2, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression were less in Fut2 null ECs, suggesting a possible mechanism of impaired angiogenesis when Fut2 is lacking. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a novel role for Fut2 as a regulator of angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Suen Tsou
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
76
|
Fucosyltransferase 8 as a functional regulator of nonsmall cell lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 110:630-5. [PMID: 23267084 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1220425110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The up-regulation of fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8), the only enzyme catalyzing α1,6-fucosylation in mammals, has been observed in several malignant cancers including liver, ovarian, thyroid, and colorectal cancers. However, the pathological role and the regulatory mechanism of FUT8 in cancers remain largely unknown. In the current study, we report that the expression of FUT8 is up-regulated in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and correlates with tumor metastasis, disease recurrence, and poor survival in patients with NSCLC. Knocking down FUT8 in aggressive lung cancer cell lines significantly inhibits their malignant behaviors including in vitro invasion and cell proliferation, as well as in vivo metastasis and tumor growth. The results of glycoproteomic and microarray analyses show that FUT8 globally modifies surface antigens, receptors, and adhesion molecules and is involved in the regulation of dozens of genes associated with malignancy, suggesting that FUT8 contributes to tumor progression through multiple mechanisms. Moreover, we show that FUT8 is up-regulated during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical process for malignant transformation of tumor, via the transactivation of β-catenin/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF-1). These results provide a model to illustrate the relation between FUT8 expression and lung cancer progression and point to a promising direction for the prognosis and therapy of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
77
|
Modulation of CD147-induced matrix metalloproteinase activity: role of CD147 N-glycosylation. Biochem J 2012; 449:437-48. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of the basement membrane by MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) is one of the most critical steps in tumour progression. CD147 is a tumour-associated antigen that plays a key regulatory role for MMP activities. In the present study, mass spectrum analysis demonstrated that the purified native CD147 from human lung cancer tissue was N-glycosylated and contained a series of high-mannose and complex-type N-linked glycan structures. Moreover, native glycosylated CD147 existed exclusively as oligomers in solution and directly stimulated MMP production more efficiently than non-glycosylated prokaryotic CD147. The glycosylation site mutation results indicated that, among three N-glycan attachment sites, the N152Q mutants were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and unfolded protein response signalling was activated. This improper intracellular accumulation impaired its MMP-inducing activity. Increased β1,6-branching of N-glycans as a result of overexpression of GnT-V (N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V) plays an important role in tumour metastasis. In the present study, we identified CD147 as a target protein of GnT-V and found that overexpression of GnT-V resulted in an elevated level of CD147 at the plasma membrane and in cell-conditioned medium, thereby increasing the induction of MMPs. The present study reveals the important role of N-glycosylation of CD147 in its biological function and implied that targeting aberrant β1,6-branching of N-glycans on CD147 would be valuable for the development of novel therapeutic modalities against carcinoma.
Collapse
|
78
|
Elevated levels of Lewis y and integrin α5β1 correlate with chemotherapeutic drug resistance in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:15588-600. [PMID: 23443083 PMCID: PMC3546651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131215588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To measure Lewis y and integrin α5β1 expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and to correlate the levels of these molecules with ovarian carcinoma chemotherapy and prognosis. Methods The study population included 34 ovarian carcinoma patients with chemotherapeutic drug-resistance, six partially drug-sensitive cases, and 52 drug-sensitive cases (92 total). Immunochemistry was used to determine expression of Lewis y antigen and integrin α5β1 in ovarian carcinoma tissues, and correlation of these molecules with chemotherapy resistance was further investigated, Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate: age, surgical stage, grade, subtype of patient cases, metastasis of lymph nodes, residual tumor size, expression levels of Lewis y antigen and integrin α5β1 correlation with ovarian carcinoma chemotherapy resistance. Results The expression rates of Lewis y antigen and integrins α5 and β1 were significantly greater in the drug-resistant group (91.17%, 85.29%, 88.24%) than the partially sensitive (50.00%, 33.33%, 50.00%) or sensitive groups (61.54%, 57.69%, 55.77%). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that surgical stage, residual tumor size, and expression of integrin α5 and Lewis y in ovarian carcinoma tissues were independent risk factors for chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Conclusions Overexpression of Lewis y and integrin α5 are strong risk factors for chemotherapeutic drug resistance in ovarian carcinoma patients.
Collapse
|
79
|
Kötzler MP, Blank S, Bantleon FI, Spillner E, Meyer B. Donor substrate binding and enzymatic mechanism of human core α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8). Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1915-25. [PMID: 22982178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucosylation is essential for various biological processes including tumorigenesis, inflammation, cell-cell recognition and host-pathogen interactions. Biosynthesis of fucosylated glycans is accomplished by fucosyltransferases. The enzymatic product of core α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) plays a major role in a plethora of pathological conditions, e.g. in prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and in colon cancer. Detailed knowledge of the binding mode of its substrates is required for the design of molecules that can modulate the activity of the enzyme. METHODS We provide a detailed description of binding interactions of human FUT8 with its natural donor substrate GDP-fucose and related compounds. GDP-Fuc was placed in FUT8 by structural analogy to the structure of protein-O-fucosyltransferase (cePOFUT) co-crystallized with GDP-Fuc. The epitope of the donor substrate bound to FUT8 was determined by STD NMR. The in silico model is further supported by experimental data from SPR binding assays. The complex was optimized by molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS Guanine is specifically recognized by His363 and Asp453. Furthermore, the pyrophosphate is tightly bound via numerous hydrogen bonds and contributes affinity to a major part. Arg365 was found to bind both the β-phosphate and the fucose moiety at the same time. CONCLUSIONS Discovery of a novel structural analogy between cePOFUT and FUT8 allows the placement of the donor substrate GDP-Fuc. The positioning was confirmed by various experimental and computational techniques. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The model illustrates details of the molecular basis of substrate recognition for a human fucosyltransferase for the first time and, thus, provides a basis for structure-based design of inhibitors.
Collapse
|
80
|
Dempsey E, Rudd PM. Acute phase glycoproteins: bystanders or participants in carcinogenesis? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1253:122-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
81
|
Kang X, Wang N, Pei C, Sun L, Sun R, Chen J, Liu Y. Glycan-related gene expression signatures in human metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2011; 3:415-422. [PMID: 22969905 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks second in cancer mortality in China; recurrence and metastasis have been the cause of the high mortality. Glycans on the cell surface play a pivotal role in tumor metastasis. The global alteration in the structure and composition of N-glycans during HCC metastasis remains unknown. To understand glycan alterations of glycoproteins by correlating the glycosyltransferase expression profile with glycan structure, we systematically used glycan profiling tools: glycogene microarray analyses of 115 genes, including glycotransferases, glycosidases and nuclear sugar transporters and lectin chips to investigate the glycan-related gene expression signatures in the high metastatic potential HCC cell line, HCCLM3, in comparison to the HCC cell line, Hep3B, with low metastatic potential. Of the 115 genes, 18 genes were up-regulated in high metastatic potential HCCLM3 cells in comparison to Hep3B cells, while 11 genes were down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes, such as ST3GalI, FUT8, β3GalT5, MGAT3 and MGAT5, were mainly involved in the synthesis of N-glycan and glycolipids, particularly the sialyl Lewis antigen. The results of the glycogene microarray analysis were further validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis and lectin-based analysis. The differentially expressed glycogenes identified in this study may provide new insights and represent novel factors for investigating the functional role of cell surface carbohydrate-mediated HCC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Kang
- Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Muinelo-Romay L, Villar-Portela S, Cuevas E, Gil-Martín E, Fernández-Briera A. Identification of α(1,6)fucosylated proteins differentially expressed in human colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:508. [PMID: 22152070 PMCID: PMC3297542 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende S/N, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Vanhooren V, Dewaele S, Kuro-O M, Taniguchi N, Dollé L, van Grunsven LA, Makrantonaki E, Zouboulis CC, Chen CC, Libert C. Alteration in N-glycomics during mouse aging: a role for FUT8. Aging Cell 2011; 10:1056-66. [PMID: 21951615 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that N-glycosylation changes during human aging. To further investigate the molecular basis determining these alterations, the aging process in mice was studied. N-glycan profiling of mouse serum glycoproteins in different age groups of healthy C57BL/6 mice showed substantial age-related changes in three major N-glycan structures: under-galactosylated biantennary (NGA2F), biantennary (NA2), and core α-1,6-fucosylated -β-galactosylated biantennary structures (NA2F). Mice defective in klotho gene expression (kl/kl), which have a shortened lifespan, displayed a similar but accelerated trend. Interestingly, the opposite trend was observed in slow-aging Snell Dwarf mice (dw/dw) and in mice fed a calorically restricted diet. We also discovered that increased expression and activity of α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) in the liver are strongly linked to the age-related changes in glycosylation and that this increased FUT8 and fucosylation influence IGF-1 signaling. These data demonstrate that the glycosylation machinery in liver cells is significantly affected during aging and that age-related increased FUT8 activity could influence the aging process by altering the sensitivity of the IGF-1R signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Vanhooren
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
α(1,6)Fucosyltransferase expression is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in colorectal carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2011; 42:1740-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 01/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
85
|
Moriwaki K, Shinzaki S, Miyoshi E. GDP-mannose-4,6-dehydratase (GMDS) deficiency renders colon cancer cells resistant to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor- and CD95-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting complex II formation. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43123-33. [PMID: 22027835 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.262741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis through binding to TRAIL receptors, death receptor 4 (DR4), and DR5. TRAIL has potential therapeutic value against cancer because of its selective cytotoxic effects on several transformed cell types. Fucosylation of proteins and lipids on the cell surface is a very important posttranslational modification that is involved in many cellular events. Recently, we found that a deficiency in GDP-mannose-4,6-dehydratase (GMDS) rendered colon cancer cells resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, resulting in tumor development and metastasis by escape from tumor immune surveillance. GMDS is an indispensable regulator of cellular fucosylation. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of inhibition of TRAIL signaling by GMDS deficiency. DR4, but not DR5, was found to be fucosylated; however, GMDS deficiency inhibited both DR4- and DR5-mediated apoptosis despite the absence of fucosylation on DR5. In addition, GMDS deficiency also inhibited CD95-mediated apoptosis but not the intrinsic apoptosis pathway induced by anti-cancer drugs. Binding of TRAIL and CD95 ligand to their cognate receptors primarily leads to formation of a complex comprising the receptor, FADD, and caspase-8, referred to as the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). GMDS deficiency did not affect formation of the primary DISC or recruitment to and activation of caspase-8 on the DISC. However, formation of secondary FADD-dependent complex II, comprising caspase-8 and cFLIP, was significantly inhibited by GMDS deficiency. These results indicate that GMDS regulates the formation of secondary complex II from the primary DISC independent of direct fucosylation of death receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Moriwaki
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Eiji Miyoshi, 1-7, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
|
87
|
Yamada M, Ishii T, Ikeda S, Naka-Mieno M, Tanaka N, Arai T, Kumasaka T, Gemma A, Kida K, Muramatsu M, Sawabe M. Association of fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) polymorphism Thr267Lys with pulmonary emphysema. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:857-60. [PMID: 22011814 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The fucosyltransferase 8 gene (FUT8) encodes an enzyme that transfers fucose to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine unit of N-glycan chains. Recent study showed that fut8-deficient mice develop pathological and physiological phenotypes resembling pulmonary emphysema (PE). The role of FUT8 in human PE is not known. A non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism at the amino-acid position of 267 in FUT8 (rs35949016; C/A, C allele=Thr, A allele=Lys) was genotyped in a total of 1149 consecutive autopsies of elderly Japanese. A following study included 182 outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whose emphysematous changes were assessed quantitatively as the percentage of low attenuation area (%LAA) by high-resolution computed tomography. PE was detected in 163 of 1149 autopsy subjects (14.2%). Comparison of patient with vs without PE indicated that the FUT8 A allele was associated with PE (AA+AC vs CC; odds ratio=1.74, 95% confidence intervals=1.19-2.56, P=0.005). In the clinical study, presence of the FUT8 A allele significantly correlated with %LAA after adjustment (AA+AC vs CC=37.5±14.7 vs 32.7±13.9, P=0.02). The FUT8 gene Thr267Lys polymorphism is associated with human PE, and the Lys allele is the risk. The core fucosylation might be involved in the molecular pathogenesis of human PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Yamada
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Fukuda T, Hashimoto H, Okayasu N, Kameyama A, Onogi H, Nakagawasai O, Nakazawa T, Kurosawa T, Hao Y, Isaji T, Tadano T, Narimatsu H, Taniguchi N, Gu J. Alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase-deficient mice exhibit multiple behavioral abnormalities associated with a schizophrenia-like phenotype: importance of the balance between the dopamine and serotonin systems. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:18434-43. [PMID: 21471224 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.172536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8)-deficient (Fut8(-/-)) mice exhibit emphysema-like changes in the lung and severe growth retardation due to dysregulation of TGF-β1 and EGF receptors and to abnormal integrin activation, respectively. To study the role of α1,6-fucosylation in brain tissue where Fut8 is highly expressed, we examined Fut8(-/-) mice using a combination of neurological and behavioral tests. Fut8(-/-) mice exhibited multiple behavioral abnormalities consistent with a schizophrenia-like phenotype. Fut8(-/-) mice displayed increased locomotion compared with wild-type (Fut8(+/+)) and heterozygous (Fut8(+/-)) mice. In particular, Fut8(-/-) mice showed strenuous hopping behavior in a novel environment. Working memory performance was impaired in Fut8(-/-) mice as evidenced by the Y-maze tests. Furthermore, Fut8(-/-) mice showed prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficiency. Intriguingly, although there was no significant difference between Fut8(+/+) and Fut8(+/-) mice in the PPI test under normal conditions, Fut8(+/-) mice showed impaired PPI after exposure to a restraint stress. This result suggests that reduced expression of Fut8 is a plausible cause of schizophrenia and related disorders. The levels of serotonin metabolites were significantly decreased in both the striatum and nucleus accumbens of the Fut8(-/-) mice. Likewise, treatment with haloperidol, which is an antipsychotic drug that antagonizes dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors, significantly reduced hopping behaviors. The present study is the first to clearly demonstrate that α1,6-fucosylation plays an important role in the brain, and that it might be related to schizophrenia-like behaviors. Thus, the results of the present study provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms responsible for schizophrenia and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Fukuda
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsusima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
Seth A, Machingo QJ, Fritz A, Shur BD. Core fucosylation is required for midline patterning during zebrafish development. Dev Dyn 2011; 239:3380-90. [PMID: 21069830 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex carbohydrates represent one of the most polymorphic classes of macromolecules, but their functions during embryonic development remain poorly defined. Herein, we show that knockdown of FucT8, the fucosyltransferase responsible for adding an α1,6 fucosyl residue to the core region of N-linked oligosaccharides, results in defective midline patterning during zebrafish development. Reduced FucT8 expression leads to mild cyclopia, small forebrains, U-shaped somites, among other midline patterning defects. One of the principal FucT8 substrates was identified as Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the major scaffold protein that is responsible for assembly and secretion of lipoprotein particles in vertebrates. In Drosophila, lipoprotein particles are thought to facilitate cell signaling by serving as a transport vehicle for lipid-modified cell signaling proteins, such as hedgehog. In this regard, knockdown of ApoB expression in zebrafish embryos leads to similar midline patterning defects as those seen in FucT8 morphant embryos. Furthermore, preliminary studies suggest that ApoB facilitates Sonic hedgehog signaling during zebrafish development, analogous to the function of lipoprotein particles during hedgehog signaling in Drosophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Seth
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
Pinho SS, Seruca R, Gärtner F, Yamaguchi Y, Gu J, Taniguchi N, Reis CA. Modulation of E-cadherin function and dysfunction by N-glycosylation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:1011-20. [PMID: 21104290 PMCID: PMC11114786 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the E-cadherin dysfunction in cancer, including genetic and epigenetic alterations. Nevertheless, a significant number of human carcinomas have been seen that show E-cadherin dysfunction that cannot be explained at the genetic/epigenetic level. A substantial body of evidence has appeared recently that supports the view that other mechanisms operating at the post-translational level may also affect E-cadherin function. The present review addresses molecular aspects related to E-cadherin N-glycosylation and evidence is presented showing that the modification of N-linked glycans on E-cadherin can affect the adhesive function of this adhesion molecule. The role of glycosyltransferases involved in the remodeling of N-glycans on E-cadherin, including N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V), and the α1,6 fucosyltransferase (FUT8) enzyme, is also discussed. Finally, this review discusses an alternative functional regulatory mechanism for E-cadherin operating at the post-translational level, N-glycosylation, that may underlie the E-cadherin dysfunction in some carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salomé S. Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seruca
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar 2, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558 Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar 2, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Lin H, Wang D, Wu T, Dong C, Shen N, Sun Y, Sun Y, Xie H, Wang N, Shan L. Blocking core fucosylation of TGF-β1 receptors downregulates their functions and attenuates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 300:F1017-25. [PMID: 21228108 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00426.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modification of proteins could regulate their multiple biological functions. Transforming growth factor-β receptor I and II (ALK5 and TGF-βRII), which are glycoproteins, play important roles in the renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we examined the role of core fucosylation of TGF-βRII and ALK5, which is regulated by α-1,6 fucosyltransferase (Fut8), in the process of EMT of cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. The typical cell model of EMT induced by TGF-β1 was constructed to address the role of core fucosylation in EMT. Core fucosylation was found to be essential for both TGF-βRII and ALK5 to fulfill their functions, and blocking it with Fut8 small interfering RNA greatly reduced the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 protein, caused the inactivation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling, and resulted in remission of EMT. More importantly, even with high levels of expressions of TGF-β1, TGF-βRII, and ALK5, blocking core fucosylation also could attenuate the EMT of HK-2 cells. Thus blocking core fucosylation of TGF-βRII and ALK5 may attenuate EMT independently of the expression of these proteins. This study may provide new insight into the role of glycosylation in renal interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, core fucosylation may be a novel potential therapeutic target for treatment of renal tubular EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Yan LM, Lin B, Zhu LC, Hao YY, Qi Y, Wang CZ, Gao S, Liu SC, Zhang SL, Iwamori M. Enhancement of the adhesive and spreading potentials of ovarian carcinoma RMG-1 cells due to increased expression of integrin α5β1 with the Lewis Y-structure on transfection of the α1,2-fucosyltransferase gene. Biochimie 2010; 92:852-7. [PMID: 20172014 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Zhang D, Wei J, Wang J, Liu S, Wang X, Yan Q. Difucosylated oligosaccharide Lewis Y is contained within integrin αvβ3 on RL95-2 cells and required for endometrial receptivity. Fertil Steril 2010; 95:1446-51.e1. [PMID: 20605574 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 04/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether Lewis Y (LeY) carried by integrin αvβ3 influences integrin αvβ3-mediated adhesion in an in vitro implantation model. DESIGN Laboratory research. SETTING Reproduction and glycobiology research laboratory. INTERVENTION(S) Specific antibody blockage of LeY or integrin αvβ3 and knockdown of FUT4 expression in RL95-2 cells by transient transfection of FUT4 siRNA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The expression of integrin αvβ3 and LeY in both endometrial tissues and RL95-2 cells was measured. LeY carried by integrin αvβ3 was identified by examining the immunoprecipitated integrin αvβ3. The effect of knocking down FUT4 on the expression of integrin αvβ3 and LeY and their impact on the adhesion of JAR cells to the RL95-2 cells were assessed. RESULT(S) Integrin αvβ3 and LeY are expressed in both secretory-stage human endometrial tissue and in RL95-2 cells. Although integrin αvβ3 carries LeY, knocking down FUT4 expression only reduces the expression of LeY but not of integrin αvβ3. Knocking down FUT4, antibody blockade of LeY or integrin αvβ3 consistently decreases the adhesion of JAR cells to the RL95-2 cells and prevents focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation. CONCLUSION(S) LeY carried by integrin αvβ3 plays a critical role on the attachment of JAR cells to the RL95-2 cells and activates integrin αvβ3/FAK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Moriwaki K, Miyoshi E. Fucosylation and gastrointestinal cancer. World J Hepatol 2010; 2:151-61. [PMID: 21160988 PMCID: PMC2999278 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v2.i4.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose) is a monosaccharide that is found on glycoproteins and glycolipids in verte-brates, invertebrates, plants, and bacteria. Fucosylation, which comprises the transfer of a fucose residue to oligosaccharides and proteins, is regulated by many kinds of molecules, including fucosyltransferases, GDP-fucose synthetic enzymes, and GDP-fucose transporter(s). Dramatic changes in the expression of fucosylated oligosaccharides have been observed in cancer and inflammation. Thus, monoclonal antibodies and lectins recognizing cancer-associated fucosylated oligosaccharides have been clinically used as tumor markers for the last few decades. Recent advanced glycomic approaches allow us to identify novel fucosylation-related tumor markers. Moreover, a growing body of evidence supports the functional significance of fucosylation at various pathophysiological steps of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. This review highlights the biological and medical significance of fucosylation in gastrointestinal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Moriwaki
- Kenta Moriwaki, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Janik ME, Lityńska A, Vereecken P. Cell migration-the role of integrin glycosylation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2010; 1800:545-55. [PMID: 20332015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell migration is an essential process in organ homeostasis, in inflammation, and also in metastasis, the main cause of death from cancer. The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as the molecular scaffold for cell adhesion and migration; in the first phase of migration, adhesion of cells to the ECM is critical. Engagement of integrin receptors with ECM ligands gives rise to the formation of complex multiprotein structures which link the ECM to the cytoplasmic actin skeleton. Both ECM proteins and the adhesion receptors are glycoproteins, and it is well accepted that N-glycans modulate their conformation and activity, thereby affecting cell-ECM interactions. Likely targets for glycosylation are the integrins, whose ability to form functional dimers depends upon the presence of N-linked oligosaccharides. Cell migratory behavior may depend on the level of expression of adhesion proteins, and their N-glycosylation that affect receptor-ligand binding. SCOPE OF REVIEW The mechanism underlying the effect of integrin glycosylation on migration is still unknown, but results gained from integrins with artificial or mutated N-glycosylation sites provide evidence that integrin function can be regulated by changes in glycosylation. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell migration processes could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and applications. For this, the proteins and oligosaccharides involved in these events need to be characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina E Janik
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
|
97
|
|
98
|
Structural study of the N-glycans of intercellular adhesion molecule-5 (telencephalin). Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2009; 1790:1611-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
99
|
Wu LH, Shi BZ, Zhao QL, Wu XZ. Fucosylated glycan inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration through binding to chemokine receptors. Glycobiology 2009; 20:215-23. [PMID: 19884117 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwp168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) were incubated with fucosylated glycoproteins that had been isolated from retinoic acid-treated cells by affinity chromatography. HCC migration was significantly inhibited by AAL- and LCA-glycoproteins. Glycopeptides, obtained by digestion of the glycoproteins with trypsin and papain, were found to have a similar inhibitory effect on HCC migration as the corresponding glycoproteins. The inhibitory actions of the glycoproteins were almost abolished after digestion with alpha-L-1,3/4- or alpha-L-1,2-fucosidase. Induction of HCC migration with chemokines including interleukin-8 (IL-8), lymphotactin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and stroma cell-derived factor-1 was examined and IL-8 was found to be the most potent. Interestingly, the isolated glycoproteins significantly inhibited HCC migration and F-actin aggregation induced by IL-8, whereas the glycans themselves did not induce F-actin assembly. From receptor binding analysis AAL-glycan was found to bind IL-8 receptors especially CXCR2 directly and such binding could be blocked by 3'- or 2'-fucosyllactose. After CXCR2 silence by target RNAi, the cells almost lost the response to AAL-glycan inhibition. Our findings suggest that fucosylation plays an important role in the interaction between IL-8 and its receptors inducing HCC migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Hui Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Taniguchi N. From the gamma-glutamyl cycle to the glycan cycle: a road with many turns and pleasant surprises. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:34469-78. [PMID: 19840938 PMCID: PMC2787308 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.x109.023150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Disease Glycomics, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|