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WISP1 mediates IL-6-dependent proliferation in primary human lung fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20547. [PMID: 26867691 PMCID: PMC4751539 DOI: 10.1038/srep20547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. IPF is characterized by epithelial cell injury and reprogramming, increases in (myo)fibroblasts, and altered deposition of extracellular matrix. The Wnt1-inducible signaling protein 1 (WISP1) is involved in impaired epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we aimed to further investigate WISP1 regulation and function in primary human lung fibroblasts (phLFs). We demonstrate that WISP1 is directly upregulated by Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in phLFs, using a luciferase-based reporter system. WISP1 mRNA and protein secretion increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner by TGFβ1 and TNFα in phLFs, as analysed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Notably, WISP1 is required for TGFβ1- and TNFα-dependent induction of interleukin 6 (IL-6), a mechanism that is conserved in IPF phLFs. The siRNA-mediated WISP1 knockdown led to a significant IL-6 reduction after TGFβ1 or TNFα stimulation. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated downregulation or antibody-mediated neutralization of WISP1 reduced phLFs proliferation, a process that was in part rescued by IL-6. Taken together, these results strongly indicate that WISP1-induced IL-6 expression contributes to the pro-proliferative effect on fibroblasts, which is likely orchestrated by a variety of profibrotic mediators, including Wnts, TGFβ1 and TNFα.
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Yoshioka Y, Ono M, Maeda A, Kilts TM, Hara ES, Khattab H, Ueda J, Aoyama E, Oohashi T, Takigawa M, Young MF, Kuboki T. CCN4/WISP-1 positively regulates chondrogenesis by controlling TGF-β3 function. Bone 2016; 83:162-170. [PMID: 26555637 PMCID: PMC5749225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The CCN family of proteins plays important roles in development and homeostasis of bone and cartilage. To understand the role of CCN4 in chondrogenesis, human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) were transduced with CCN4 adenovirus (adCCN4) or siRNA to CCN4 (siCCN4) in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3). Overexpression of CCN4 enhanced TGF-β3-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and chondrogenesis of hBMSCs in an in vitro assay using a micromass culture model. On the other hand, knockdown of CCN4 inhibited the TGF-β3-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and synthesis of cartilage matrix in micromass cultures of hBMSCs. Immunoprecipitation-western blot analysis revealed that CCN4 bound to TGF-β3 and regulated the ability of TGF-β3 to bind to hBMSCs. In vivo analysis confirmed there was a significant decrease in the gene expression levels of chondrocyte markers in cartilage samples from Ccn4-knock out (KO) mice, compared to those from wild type (WT) control. In order to investigate the regenerative properties of the articular cartilage in Ccn4-KO mice, articular cartilage defects were surgically performed in the knee joints of young mice, and the results showed that the cartilage was partially repaired in WT mice, but not in Ccn4-KO mice. In conclusion, these results show, for the first time, that CCN4 has a positive influence on chondrogenic differentiation by modulating the effects of TGF-β3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yoshioka
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ono
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Azusa Maeda
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tina M Kilts
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emilio Satoshi Hara
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hany Khattab
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junji Ueda
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eriko Aoyama
- Advanced Research Center for Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Oohashi
- Advanced Research Center for Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaharu Takigawa
- Advanced Research Center for Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Marian F Young
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takuo Kuboki
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Jia Q, Dong Q, Qin L. CCN: core regulatory proteins in the microenvironment that affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma? Oncotarget 2016; 7:1203-14. [PMID: 26497214 PMCID: PMC4811454 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results from an underlying chronic liver inflammatory disease, such as chronic hepatitis B or C virus infections, and the general prognosis of patients with HCC still remains extremely dismal because of the high frequency of HCC metastases. Throughout the process of tumor metastasis, tumor cells constantly communicate with the surrounding microenvironment and improve their malignant phenotype. Therefore, there is a strong rationale for targeting the tumor microenvironment as primary treatment of HCC therapies. Recently, CCN family proteins have emerged as localized multitasking signal integrators in the inflammatory microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CCN family proteins in inflammation and the tumor. We also propose that the CCN family proteins may play a central role in signaling the tumor microenvironment and regulating the metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingan Jia
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Wnt-1 inducible signaling pathway-1 (WISP-1), also known as CCN-4, belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WISP-1 is primarily expressed in embryonic stem cells and is involved in adult organ development. WISP-1 participates in many cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and adhesion. In addition, WISP-1 plays an important role in diverse pathophysiological processes, such as embryonic development, inflammation, injury repairs and cancers. Recent studies showed that WISP-1 was highly correlated with tumor progression and malignant transformation, whereas it played an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. However, interestingly, WISP-1 exerts a tumor-suppressing role in lung and prostate cancers. WISP-1 promotes cell proliferation, adhesion, motility, invasion, metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via particular signaling pathways. In this review, we discussed the structure, expression profile, functions, clinical significance and potential mechanisms of WISP-1 in cancer and non-neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Feng
- Laboratory of Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Shuqin Jia
- Laboratory of Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Center for Molecular Diagnosis, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Cernea M, Tang W, Guan H, Yang K. Wisp1 mediates Bmp3-stimulated mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:39-46. [PMID: 26489765 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue expansion, resulting from adipocyte hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy, is a hallmark of obesity. Adipocytes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through adipogenesis, a process involving three key steps: proliferation, commitment and differentiation. Although studies have elaborated on the mechanisms regulating adipocyte commitment and differentiation, the factors that control MSC proliferation remain largely unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 3 (Bmp3), the expression of which was upregulated in our rat model of hyperplasic visceral adiposity, potently stimulated MSC proliferation. In the present study, we investigate the molecular target of Bmp3. We conducted DNA microarray analysis on MSCs treated with and without Bmp3 and identified WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (Wisp1) as a differentially expressed gene, whose expression was upregulated 3.7-fold by Bmp3. Wisp1 is a proliferative agent in various non-adipose cell types and is implicated in adipogenesis. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that Wisp1 mediates Bmp3 stimulation of MSC proliferation. We showed that Bmp3 increased the expression of Wisp1 as early as 3 h following Bmp3 treatment in MSCs. Importantly, the upregulated Wisp1 expression preceded Bmp3-induced MSC proliferation, as determined by [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation. Furthermore, treatment of MSCs with recombinant Wisp1 led to a concentration-dependent increase in [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation with a maximal increase of 300%. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Wisp1 expression attenuated Bmp3-induced MSC proliferation. Taken together, our present findings reveal Wisp1 as a novel target of Bmp3 and suggest that the Bmp3/Wisp1 signaling pathway play a key role in MSC proliferation, and consequently adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cernea
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecologyand Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, Room A5-132, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada, N6C 2V5
| | - Wei Tang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecologyand Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, Room A5-132, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada, N6C 2V5
| | - Haiyan Guan
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecologyand Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, Room A5-132, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada, N6C 2V5
| | - Kaiping Yang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecologyand Physiology and Pharmacology, Children's Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, Room A5-132, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada, N6C 2V5
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Russo I, Frangogiannis NG. Diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis: Cellular effectors, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 90:84-93. [PMID: 26705059 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with cardiac fibrosis that may reduce myocardial compliance, contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure, and trigger arrhythmic events. Diabetes-associated fibrosis is mediated by activated cardiac fibroblasts, but may also involve fibrogenic actions of macrophages, cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. The molecular basis responsible for cardiac fibrosis in diabetes remains poorly understood. Hyperglycemia directly activates a fibrogenic program, leading to accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that crosslink extracellular matrix proteins, and transduce fibrogenic signals through reactive oxygen species generation, or through activation of Receptor for AGEs (RAGE)-mediated pathways. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines may recruit fibrogenic leukocyte subsets in the cardiac interstitium. Activation of transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling may activate fibroblasts inducing deposition of structural extracellular matrix proteins and matricellular macromolecules. Adipokines, endothelin-1 and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have also been implicated in the diabetic myocardium. This manuscript reviews our current understanding of the cellular effectors and molecular pathways that mediate fibrosis in diabetes. Based on the pathophysiologic mechanism, we propose therapeutic interventions that may attenuate the diabetes-associated fibrotic response and discuss the challenges that may hamper clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Russo
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Wnt pathway in Dupuytren disease: connecting profibrotic signals. Transl Res 2015; 166:762-771.e3. [PMID: 26470681 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A role of Wnt signaling in Dupuytren disease, a fibroproliferative disease of the hand and fingers, has not been fully elucidated. We examined a large set of Wnt pathway components and signaling targets and found significant dysregulation of 41 Wnt-related genes in tissue from the Dupuytren nodules compared with patient-matched control tissue. A large proportion of genes coding for Wnt proteins themselves was downregulated. However, both canonical Wnt targets and components of the noncanonical signaling pathway were upregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that protein expression of Wnt1-inducible secreted protein 1 (WISP1), a known Wnt target, was increased in nodules compared with control tissue, but knockdown of WISP1 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the Dupuytren myofibroblasts did not confirm a functional role. The protein expression of noncanonical pathway components Wnt5A and VANGL2 as well as noncanonical coreceptors Ror2 and Ryk was increased in nodules. On the contrary, the strongest downregulated genes in this study were 4 antagonists of Wnt signaling (DKK1, FRZB, SFRP1, and WIF1). Downregulation of these genes in the Dupuytren tissue was mimicked in vitro by treating normal fibroblasts with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), suggesting cross talk between different profibrotic pathways. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of these antagonists in normal fibroblasts led to increased nuclear translocation of Wnt target β-catenin in response to TGF-β1 treatment. In conclusion, we have shown extensive dysregulation of Wnt signaling in affected tissue from Dupuytren disease patients. Components of both the canonical and the noncanonical pathways are upregulated, whereas endogenous antagonists are downregulated, possibly via interaction with other profibrotic pathways.
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Otsuki N, Iwata S, Yamada T, Hosono O, Dang NH, Hatano R, Ohnuma K, Morimoto C. Modulation of immunological responses and amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis by the novel roxithromycin derivative 5-I. Mod Rheumatol 2015; 25:562-70. [DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2014.983262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Takawale A, Sakamuri SS, Kassiri Z. Extracellular Matrix Communication and Turnover in Cardiac Physiology and Pathology. Compr Physiol 2015; 5:687-719. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sklepkiewicz P, Shiomi T, Kaur R, Sun J, Kwon S, Mercer B, Bodine P, Schermuly RT, George I, Schulze PC, D'Armiento JM. Loss of secreted frizzled-related protein-1 leads to deterioration of cardiac function in mice and plays a role in human cardiomyopathy. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:362-72. [PMID: 25669938 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a central role during cardiac development and has been implicated in cardiac remodeling and aging. However, the role of Wnt modulators in this process is unknown. In this study, we examined the role of the Wnt signaling inhibitor secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (sFRP-1) in aged wild-type and sFRP-1-deficient mice. METHODS AND RESULTS sFRP-1 gene deletion mice were grossly normal with no difference in mortality but developed abnormal cardiac structure and dysfunction with progressive age. Ventricular dilation and hypertrophy in addition to deterioration of cardiac function and massive cardiac fibrosis, all features present in dilated cardiomyopathy, were observed in the aged sFRP-1 knockout mice. Loss of sFRP-1 led to increased expression of Wnt ligands (Wnt1, 3, 7b, and 16) and Wnt target genes (Wisp1 and Lef1) in aged hearts, which correlated with increased protein levels of β-catenin. Cardiac fibroblasts lacking endogenous sFRP-1 showed increased α-smooth muscle actin expression, higher cell proliferation rates, and increased collagen production consistent with the cardiac phenotype exhibited in aged sFRP-1 knockout mice. The clinical relevance of these findings was supported by the demonstration of decreased sFRP-1 gene expression and increased Wisp-1 levels in the left ventricles of patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a novel role of sFRP-1 in age-related cardiac deterioration and fibrosis. Further exploration of this pathway will identify downstream molecules important in these processes and also suggest the potential use of Wnt signaling agents as therapeutic targets for age-related cardiovascular disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sklepkiewicz
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Takayuki Shiomi
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Rajbir Kaur
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Jie Sun
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Susan Kwon
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Becky Mercer
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Peter Bodine
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Isaac George
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - P Christian Schulze
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.)
| | - Jeanine M D'Armiento
- From the Center for Molecular Pulmonary Disease, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (P.S., T.S., R.K., J.S., S.K., B.M., J.M.D.); Women's Health Research Institute, Department of Osteoporosis, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA (P.B.); Max Planck Institute, Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary, Bad Nauheim, Germany (R.T.S.); Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (C.S.); and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (I.G.).
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Chen J, Yin JY, Li XP, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Qian CY, He H, Fang C, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Xiao L, Wang SY, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. Association of Wnt-Inducible Signaling Pathway Protein 1 Genetic Polymorphisms With Lung Cancer Susceptibility and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Response. Clin Lung Cancer 2014; 16:298-304.e1-2. [PMID: 25656821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based chemotherapy is the main treatment method for lung cancer patients. The genetic polymorphisms of Wnt-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) were reported to be associated with the development of diverse lung diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of WISP1 genetic polymorphisms with lung cancer susceptibility and platinum-based chemotherapy response in Chinese lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 556 lung cancer patients and 254 healthy controls were enrolled onto this study. The 28 polymorphisms of the WISP1 gene were genotyped by the Sequenom MassARRAY system. RESULTS We found that WISP1 rs16893344, rs2977530, rs2977537, and rs62514004 (P = .009, .033, .049, and .036, respectively) polymorphisms were related to susceptibility of lung cancer; and WISP1 rs11778573 (P = .023, nonsmokers), rs16893344 (P = .013, ≥ 50 years old), rs2977536 (P = .039, ≥ 50 years old; P = .044, nonsmokers; P = .047, non-small-cell lung cancer, respectively), rs2977549 (P = .013, smokers), and rs62514004 (P = .033, ≥ 50 years old) polymorphisms were significantly associated with platinum-based chemotherapy response in lung cancer patients. CONCLUSION Genotypes of WISP1 may be novel and useful biomarkers for diagnosis of lung cancer and evaluation of platinum-based chemotherapy response in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China; Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China; Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ping Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yue Qian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China; Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Sai-Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China; Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P.R. China; Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China.
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Li Z, Dang J, Chang KY, Rana TM. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of extracellular matrix formation modulates somatic cell reprogramming. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 20:1900-1915. [PMID: 25336587 PMCID: PMC4238355 DOI: 10.1261/rna.043745.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to reach an embryonic stem cell-like state by overexpression of defined factors. Recent studies have greatly improved the efficiency of the reprogramming process but the underlying mechanisms regulating the transition from a somatic to a pluripotent state are still relatively unknown. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that primarily regulate target gene expression post-transcriptionally. Here we present a systematic and comprehensive study of microRNAs in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) during the early stage of cell fate decisions and reprogramming to a pluripotent state, in which significant transcriptional and epigenetic changes occur. One microRNA found to be highly induced during this stage of reprogramming, miR-135b, targeted the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes including Wisp1 and Igfbp5. Wisp1 was shown to be a key regulator of additional ECM genes that serve as barriers to reprogramming. Regulation of Wisp 1 is likely mediated through biglycan, a glycoprotein highly expressed in MEFs that is silenced in reprogrammed cells. Collectively, this report reveals a novel link between microRNA-mediated regulation of ECM formation and somatic cell reprogramming, and demonstrates that microRNAs are powerful tools to dissect the intracellular and extracellular molecular mechanisms of reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghan Li
- Program for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jason Dang
- Program for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Kung-Yen Chang
- Program for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Tariq M Rana
- Program for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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63
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Chen J, Yin J, Li X, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Qian C, Xiao L, Zou T, Wang Z, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou H, Liu Z. WISP1 polymorphisms contribute to platinum-based chemotherapy toxicity in lung cancer patients. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21011-27. [PMID: 25405734 PMCID: PMC4264209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy toxicity is always one of the serious problems from which lung cancer patients suffer. The genetic polymorphism of WISP1 was revealed to be associated with susceptibility and platinum-based chemotherapy response in our previous studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of WISP1 genetic polymorphisms with platinum-based chemotherapy toxicity in lung cancer patients. A total of 412 lung cancer patients were enrolled in this study, and 28 polymorphisms of the WISP1 gene were genotyped by SequenomMassARRAY. We found that WISP1 polymorphisms (rs2929965, rs2929969, rs2929970, rs2929973 and rs754958) were related to the overall chemotherapy toxicity of lung cancer in subgroup analyses. Rs16904853, rs2929970, rs2977549 and rs2977551 (p = 0.021, 0.028, 0.024, 0.048, respectively) polymorphisms were significantly associated with hematologic toxicity. Rs2929946, rs2929970, rs2977519, rs2977536, rs3739262 and rs754958 (p = 0.031, 0.046, 0.029, 0.016, 0.042, 0.035, respectively) polymorphisms were significantly associated with the gastrointestinal toxicity of lung cancer. Genotypes of WISP1 may be novel and useful biomarkers for predicting platinum-based chemotherapy toxicity in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Jiye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410014, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Chenyue Qian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Ting Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Junyan Liu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Rienks M, Papageorgiou AP, Frangogiannis NG, Heymans S. Myocardial extracellular matrix: an ever-changing and diverse entity. Circ Res 2014; 114:872-88. [PMID: 24577967 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex architectural network consisting of structural and nonstructural proteins, creating strength and plasticity. The nonstructural compartment of the ECM houses a variety of proteins, which are vital for ECM plasticity, and can be divided into 3 major groups: glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans. The common denominator for these groups is glycosylation, which refers to the decoration of proteins or lipids with sugars. This review will discuss the fundamental role of the matrix in cardiac development, homeostasis, and remodeling, from a glycobiology point of view. Glycoproteins (eg, thrombospondins, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, tenascins), proteoglycans (eg, versican, syndecans, biglycan), and glycosaminoglycans (eg, hyaluronan, heparan sulfate) are upregulated on cardiac injury and regulate key processes in the remodeling myocardium such as inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. Albeit some parallels can be made regarding the processes these proteins are involved in, their specific functions are extremely diverse. In fact, under varying conditions, individual proteins can even have opposing functions, making spatiotemporal contribution of these proteins in the rearrangement of multifaceted ECM very hard to grasp. Alterations of protein characteristics by the addition of sugars may explain the immense, yet tightly regulated, variability of the remodeling cardiac matrix. Understanding the role of glycosylation in altering the ultimate function of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans in the myocardium may lead to the development of new biochemical structures or compounds with great therapeutic potential for patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Rienks
- From Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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65
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Li WF, Zhang L, Li HY, Zheng SS, Zhao L. WISP-1 contributes to fractionated irradiation-induced radioresistance in esophageal carcinoma cell lines and mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94751. [PMID: 24728101 PMCID: PMC3984255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells that survive fractionated irradiation can be radioresistant and cause tumor recurrence. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of radioresistance in cancer cells remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of WISP-1 in the development of radioresistance in esophageal carcinoma during fractionated irradiation. Radioresistant esophageal cancer cells were generated from normal esophageal cancer cells via fractionated irradiation, and expression levels of related proteins were determined by Western blot. Radiosensitivity of cells was established by clonogenic cell survival assays, and cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry. Protein distributions were determined by immunofluorescence, and cell toxicity was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assays. In vivo validations were performed in a xenograft transplantation mouse model. Our data indicate that WISP-1 plays an important role in the development of radioresistance in esophageal cancer cells during fractionated irradiation. The overexression of WISP-1 in esophageal cancer cells was associated with radioresistance. Depletion of extracellular WISP-1 by antibody neutralizing reversed radioresistance and directly induced mitotic catastrophe resulting in cell death. WISP-1 may be a candidate therapeutic target in the treatment of recurrent esophageal carcinoma after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Ying Li
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Si Zheng
- Division of PET/CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Division of PET/CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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66
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Shang YC, Chong ZZ, Wang S, Maiese K. Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) targets PRAS40 to govern β-amyloid apoptotic injury of microglia. Curr Neurovasc Res 2013; 9:239-49. [PMID: 22873724 DOI: 10.2174/156720212803530618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Given the present challenges to attain effective treatment for β-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, development of novel cytoprotective pathways that can assist immune mediated therapies through the preservation of central nervous system microglia could offer significant promise. We show that the CCN4 protein, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), is initially up-regulated by Aβ and can modulate its endogenous expression for the protection of microglia during Aβ mediated apoptosis. WISP1 activates mTOR and phosphorylates p70S6K and 4EBP1 through the control of the regulatory mTOR component PRAS40. Loss of PRAS40 through gene reduction or inhibition by WISP1 is cytoprotective. WISP1 ultimately governs PRAS40 by sequestering PRAS40 intracellularly through post-translational phosphorylation and binding to protein 14-3-3. Our work identifies WISP1, mTOR signaling, and PRAS40 as targets for new strategies directed against Alzheimer's disease and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen Shang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Cancer Center, F 1220, New Jersey Health Sciences University, 205 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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67
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Siddesha JM, Valente AJ, Sakamuri SSVP, Yoshida T, Gardner JD, Somanna N, Takahashi C, Noda M, Chandrasekar B. Angiotensin II stimulates cardiac fibroblast migration via the differential regulation of matrixins and RECK. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 65:9-18. [PMID: 24095877 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sustained induction and activation of matrixins (matrix metalloproteinases or MMPs), and the destruction and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), are the hallmarks of cardiac fibrosis. The reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) is a unique membrane-anchored endogenous MMP regulator. We hypothesized that elevated angiotensin II (Ang II), which is associated with fibrosis in the heart, differentially regulates MMPs and RECK both in vivo and in vitro. Continuous infusion of Ang II into male C57Bl/6 mice for 2weeks resulted in cardiac fibrosis, with increased expressions of MMPs 2, 7, 9 and 14, and of collagens Ia1 and IIIa1. The expression of RECK, however, was markedly suppressed. These effects were inhibited by co-treatment with the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist losartan. In vitro, Ang II suppressed RECK expression in adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CF) via AT1/Nox4-dependent ERK/Sp1 activation, but induced MMPs 2, 14 and 9 via NF-κB, AP-1 and/or Sp1 activation. Further, while forced expression of RECK inhibits, its knockdown potentiates Ang II-induced CF migration. Notably, RECK overexpression reduced Ang II-induced MMPs 2, 9 and 14 activation, but enhanced collagens Ia1 and IIIa1 expression and soluble collagen release. These results demonstrate for the first time that Ang II suppresses RECK, but induces MMPs both in vivo and in vitro, and RECK overexpression blunts Ang II-induced MMP activation and CF migration in vitro. Strategies that upregulate RECK expression in vivo have the potential to attenuate sustained MMP expression, and blunt fibrosis and adverse remodeling in hypertensive heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalahalli M Siddesha
- Research Service, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70161, USA; Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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68
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Wang S, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Maiese K. WISP1 neuroprotection requires FoxO3a post-translational modulation with autoregulatory control of SIRT1. Curr Neurovasc Res 2013; 10:54-69. [PMID: 23151077 DOI: 10.2174/156720213804805945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the secreted extracellular matrix associated proteins of the CCN family, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1/CCN4) is garnering increased attention not only as a potent proliferative entity, but also as a robust cytoprotective agent during toxic insults. Here we demonstrate that WISP1 prevents forkhead transcription factor FoxO3a mediated caspase 1 and caspase 3 apoptotic cell death in primary neurons during oxidant stress. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-K) and protein kinase B (Akt1) are necessary for WISP1 to foster posttranslational phosphorylation of FoxO3a and sequester FoxO3a in the cytoplasm of neurons with protein 14-3-3. Through an autoregulatory loop, WISP1 also minimizes deacytelation of FoxO3a, prevents caspase 1 and 3 activation, and promotes an effective neuroprotective level of SIRT1 activity through SIRT1 nuclear trafficking and prevention of SIRT1 caspase degradation. Elucidation of the critical pathways of WISP1 that determine neuronal cell survival during oxidative stress may offer novel therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New Jersey Health Sciences University, Newark, NJ 07101
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69
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A role for WNT1-inducible signaling protein-1 in airway remodeling in a rat asthma model. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:350-7. [PMID: 23845395 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over-expression of WISP1 has been described in multi-organ fibrosis and tissue remodeling. Moreover, it has recently been found that polymorphism of WISP1 gene is related with the change of lung function in asthmatic subjects. Therefore, we hypothesized that WISP1 might be closely linked to occurrence and development of asthmatic airway remodeling. Aim of this study was to examine the roles of WISP1 in an asthmatic model with airway remodeling and assess the specific effects of WISP1 on human lung fibroblast in vitro. Animal models were developed by challenged with ovalbumin. The levels of WISP1 expression in animal models were assessed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. To examine the specific effects of WISP1 on airway remodeling, WISP1 was depleted by neutralizing α-WISP1 antibodies in vivo. Moreover, human lung fibroblast (HFL-1) was challenged with WISP1 in the presence and absence of SH-5 in vitro. Our study showed that OVA exposure increased the levels of WISP1 expression in a rat asthma model. WISP1 depletion could partially inhibit OVA-induced airway remodeling. In vitro, WISP1-treated HFL-1 cells presented abnormal proliferation and over-expression of Col1a1 and Fn1. However, WISP1-induced collagen release from HFL-1 cells could be attenuated by pretreatment with an Akt inhibitor. Moreover, the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β in WISP1-treated HFL-1 cells were also significantly elevated. In summary, WISP1 might initiate and perpetuate the pathological remodeling of asthma by inducing fibroblast proliferation and ECM deposition. The specific effects of WISP1 were likely due to activation of pulmonary Akt/GSK-3β signaling.
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70
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Valente AJ, Yoshida T, Izadpanah R, Delafontaine P, Siebenlist U, Chandrasekar B. Interleukin-18 enhances IL-18R/Nox1 binding, and mediates TRAF3IP2-dependent smooth muscle cell migration. Inhibition by simvastatin. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1447-56. [PMID: 23541442 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of TRAF3 interacting protein 2 (TRAF3IP2), a redox-sensitive adapter protein and an upstream regulator of IKK and JNK in interleukin (IL)-18 induced smooth muscle cell migration, and the mechanism of its inhibition by simvastatin. The pleiotropic cytokine IL-18 induced human coronary artery SMC migration through the induction of TRAF3IP2. IL-18 induced Nox1-dependent ROS generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP-1 activation. IL-18 induced its own expression and that of its receptor subunit IL-18Rα. Using co-IP/IB and GST pull-down assays, we show for the first time that the subunits of the IL-18R heterodimer physically associate with Nox1 under basal conditions, and IL-18 appears to enhance their binding. Importantly, the HMG-coA reductase inhibitor simvastatin attenuated IL-18-induced TRAF3IP2 induction. These inhibitory effects were reversed by mevalonate and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP), but not by farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP). Interestingly, simvastatin, GGPP, FPP, or Rac1 inhibition did not modulate ectopically expressed TRAF3IP2. These results demonstrate that the promigratory effects of IL-18 are mediated through TRAF3IP2 in a redox-sensitive manner, and this may involve IL-18R/Nox1 physical association. Further, Simvastatin inhibits inducible, but not ectopically-xpressed TRAF3IP2. Targeting TRAF3IP2 may blunt progression of hyperplastic vascular diseases in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Valente
- Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
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71
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Hou CH, Tang CH, Hsu CJ, Hou SM, Liu JF. CCN4 induces IL-6 production through αvβ5 receptor, PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB singling pathway in human synovial fibroblasts. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R19. [PMID: 23343403 PMCID: PMC3672729 DOI: 10.1186/ar4151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that is involved in the degradation of articular cartilage. The exact etiology of OA is not completely understood. CCN4 is related to up-regulation in the cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis. Previous studies have shown that CCN4 might be associated with the pathogenesis of OA, but the exact signaling pathways in CCN4-mediated IL-6 expression in synovial fibroblasts (SF) are largely unknown. Therefore, we explored the intracellular signaling pathway involved in CCN4-induced IL-6 production in human synovial fibroblast cells. Methods CCN4-induced IL-6 production was assessed with quantitative real-time qPCR and ELISA. The mechanisms of action of CCN4 in different signaling pathways were studied by using Western blotting. Neutralizing antibodies of integrin were used to block the integrin signaling pathway. Luciferase assays were used to study IL-6 and NF-κB promoter activity. Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the translocation activity of p65. Results Osteoarthritis synovial fibroblasts (OASFs) showed significant expression of CCN4 and the expression was higher than in normal SFs. OASF stimulation with CCN4 induced concentration- and time-dependent increases in IL-6 production. Pretreatment of OASFs with αvβ5 but not α5β1 and αvβ3 integrin antibodies reduced CCN4-induced IL-6 production. CCN4-mediated IL-6 production was attenuated by PI3K inhibitor (LY294002 and Wortmannin), Akt inhibitor (Akti), and NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC and TPCK). Stimulation of cells with CCN4 also increased PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB activation. Conclusions Our results suggest that CCN4 activates αvβ5 integrin, PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB pathways, leading to up-regulation of IL-6 production. According to our results, CCN4 may be an appropriate target for drug intervention in OA in the future.
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72
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Zemans RL, McClendon J, Aschner Y, Briones N, Young SK, Lau LF, Kahn M, Downey GP. Role of β-catenin-regulated CCN matricellular proteins in epithelial repair after inflammatory lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 304:L415-27. [PMID: 23316072 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00180.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair of the lung epithelium after injury is integral to the pathogenesis and outcomes of diverse inflammatory lung diseases. We previously reported that β-catenin signaling promotes epithelial repair after inflammatory injury, but the β-catenin target genes that mediate this effect are unknown. Herein, we examined which β-catenin transcriptional coactivators and target genes promote epithelial repair after inflammatory injury. Transmigration of human neutrophils across cultured monolayers of human lung epithelial cells resulted in a fall in transepithelial resistance and the formation of discrete areas of epithelial denudation ("microinjury"), which repaired via cell spreading by 96 h. In mice treated with intratracheal (i.t.) LPS or keratinocyte chemokine, neutrophil emigration was associated with increased permeability of the lung epithelium, as determined by increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid albumin concentration, which decreased over 3-6 days. Activation of β-catenin/p300-dependent gene expression using the compound ICG-001 accelerated epithelial repair in vitro and in murine models. Neutrophil transmigration induced epithelial expression of the β-catenin/p300 target genes Wnt-induced secreted protein (WISP) 1 and cysteine-rich (Cyr) 61, as determined by real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunostaining. Purified neutrophil elastase induced WISP1 upregulation in lung epithelial cells, as determined by qPCR. WISP1 expression increased in murine lungs after i.t. LPS, as determined by ELISA of the BAL fluid and qPCR of whole lung extracts. Finally, recombinant WISP1 and Cyr61 accelerated repair, and Cyr61-neutralizing antibodies delayed repair of the injured epithelium in vitro. We conclude that β-catenin/p300-dependent expression of WISP1 and Cyr61 is critical for epithelial repair and represents a potential therapeutic target to promote epithelial repair after inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Zemans
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
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Syriga M, Mavroidis M. Complement system activation in cardiac and skeletal muscle pathology: friend or foe? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 735:207-18. [PMID: 23402029 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4118-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A major goal in current cardiology practice is to determine optimal strategies for minimizing myocardial necrosis and optimizing cardiac repair following an acute myocardial infarction. Temporally regulated activation and suppression of innate immunity may be critical for achieving this goal. Extensive experimental data in various animal models have indicated that inhibiting complement activation offers protection to cardiac tissue after ischemia/reperfusion. However, the results of clinical studies using complement inhibitors (mainly at the C5 level) in patients with acute myocardial infarction have largely been disappointing. In cases in which complement activation participates in the initial events of muscle cell destruction, as in autoimmune myocarditis or autoimmune muscle disorders, inhibition of complement activation is expected to prove a successful treatment. In other pathologic conditions in which complement is recruited by degenerating or dying muscle cells, as in ischemia, the ideal approach is probably to modulate rather than abruptly blunt complement activation. Beneficial effects of complement action with regard to waste disposal, recruitment of stem cells, regeneration, angiogenesis, and better utilization of energy sources under hypoxic conditions may also prove important for successful disease treatment. Patient outcome after myocardial infarction almost certainly depend upon the combined activation of several distinct but potentially interrelated signaling pathways, suggesting that a combination of treatments targeted to different pathways should be the therapy of choice, and modulation of complement could be one of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Msaro Syriga
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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The effect of intra-articular injection of different concentrations of ozone on the level of TNF-α, TNF-R1, and TNF-R2 in rats with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2012; 33:1223-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-012-2529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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75
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Kapasa M, Vlachakis D, Kostadima M, Sotiropoulou G, Kossida S. Towards the elucidation of the regulatory network guiding the insulin producing cells’ differentiation. Genomics 2012; 100:212-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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76
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Wang S, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Maiese K. WISP1 (CCN4) autoregulates its expression and nuclear trafficking of β-catenin during oxidant stress with limited effects upon neuronal autophagy. Curr Neurovasc Res 2012; 9:91-101. [PMID: 22475393 DOI: 10.2174/156720212800410858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1/CCN4) is a CCN family member more broadly identified with development and tumorigenesis. However, recent studies have shed new light and enthusiasm on WISP1 as a novel target directed against toxic cell degeneration. Here we show WISP1 prevents apoptotic degeneration in primary neurons during oxidant stress through the activation of protein kinase B (Akt1), the post-translational maintenance of β-catenin integrity that is consistent with inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and the subcellular trafficking of β- catenin to foster its translocation to the nucleus. Interestingly, WISP1 autoregulates its expression through the promotion of β-catenin activity and may employ β-catenin to have a limited control over autophagy, but neuronal injury during oxidant stress as a result of autophagy appears portioned to a small population of neurons without significant impact upon overall cell survival. New strategies that target WISP1, its autoregulation, and the pathways responsible for neuronal cell injury may bring forth new insight for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Cancer Center, F 1220, New Jersey Health Sciences University, 205 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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77
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Looso M, Michel CS, Konzer A, Bruckskotten M, Borchardt T, Krüger M, Braun T. Spiked-in Pulsed in Vivo Labeling Identifies a New Member of the CCN Family in Regenerating Newt Hearts. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:4693-704. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300521p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Looso
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Christian S. Michel
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Anne Konzer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marc Bruckskotten
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thilo Borchardt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad
Nauheim, Germany
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Abstract
The term matricellular proteins describes a family of structurally unrelated extracellular macromolecules that, unlike structural matrix proteins, do not play a primary role in tissue architecture, but are induced following injury and modulate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. When released to the matrix, matricellular proteins associate with growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive effectors and bind to cell surface receptors transducing signaling cascades. Matricellular proteins are upregulated in the injured and remodeling heart and play an important role in regulation of inflammatory, reparative, fibrotic and angiogenic pathways. Thrombospondin (TSP)-1, -2, and -4 as well as tenascin-C and -X secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), osteopontin, periostin, and members of the CCN family (including CCN1 and CCN2/connective tissue growth factor) are involved in a variety of cardiac pathophysiological conditions, including myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, aging-associated myocardial remodeling, myocarditis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease. This review discusses the properties and characteristics of the matricellular proteins and presents our current knowledge on their role in cardiac adaptation and disease. Understanding the role of matricellular proteins in myocardial pathophysiology and identification of the functional domains responsible for their actions may lead to design of peptides with therapeutic potential for patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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79
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Hennemeier I, Humpf HU, Gekle M, Schwerdt G. The food contaminant and nephrotoxin ochratoxin A enhances Wnt1 inducible signaling protein 1 and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in human primary proximal tubule cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1375-84. [PMID: 22778029 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The underlying molecular mechanisms of nanomolar ochratoxin A (OTA) concentrations, especially those on pathophysiological relevant gene expression in target tissue and underlying signaling mechanisms are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS qPCR arrays showed that 14 days exposure of human primary proximal tubule cells to 10 nM OTA influences the expression of genes that are related to inflammation, malignant transformation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Wnt1 inducible signaling protein 1 (WISP1), an oncogenic, and profibrotic growth factor, turned out to be the gene with the strongest upregulation. Its expression, and that of TNF-α, an important inflammatory mediator, was further investigated in human renal cells and in primary human lung fibroblasts. OTA-induced upregulation of WISP1 and TNF-α occurs only in renal cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation reverses the effect of OTA on WISP1 and TNF-α expression. Wnt or other signaling pathways were not involved. Upregulation of WISP1 and TNF-α occured independently of each other. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure of human kidney cells with OTA concentrations expectable in renal tissue due to average dietary intake leads in an ERK1/2-dependent manner to pathogenetic alterations of gene expression, notably WISP1 and TNF-α. Renal long-term risk by OTA is actually not excludable and argues for low but rational safety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Hennemeier
- Julius-Bernstein-Institut für Physiologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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80
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Inhibition of fibroblast growth by Notch1 signaling is mediated by induction of Wnt11-dependent WISP-1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38811. [PMID: 22715413 PMCID: PMC3371022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are an integral component of stroma and important source of growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM). They play a prominent role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and in wound healing and tumor growth. Notch signaling regulates biological function in a variety of cells. To elucidate the physiological function of Notch signaling in fibroblasts, we ablated Notch1 in mouse (Notch1Flox/Flox) embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Notch1-deficient (Notch1−/−) MEFs displayed faster growth and motility rate compared to Notch1Flox/Flox MEFs. Such phenotypic changes, however, were reversible by reconstitution of Notch1 activation via overexpression of the intracellular domain of Notch1 (NICD1) in Notch1-deficient MEFs. In contrast, constitutive activation of Notch1 signaling by introducing NICD1 into primary human dermal fibroblasts (FF2441), which caused pan-Notch activation, inhibited cell growth and motility, whereas cellular inhibition was relievable when the Notch activation was countered with dominant-negative mutant of Master-mind like 1 (DN-MAML-1). Functionally, “Notch-activated” stromal fibroblasts could inhibit tumor cell growth/invasion. Moreover, Notch activation induced expression of Wnt-induced secreted proteins-1 (WISP-1/CCN4) in FF2441 cells while deletion of Notch1 in MEFs resulted in an opposite effect. Notably, WISP-1 suppressed fibroblast proliferation, and was responsible for mediating Notch1's inhibitory effect since siRNA-mediated blockade of WISP-1 expression could relieve cell growth inhibition. Notch1-induced WISP-1 expression appeared to be Wnt11-dependent, but Wnt1-independent. Blockade of Wnt11 expression resulted in decreased WISP-1 expression and liberated Notch-induced cell growth inhibition. These findings indicated that inhibition of fibroblast proliferation by Notch pathway activation is mediated, at least in part, through regulating Wnt1-independent, but Wnt11-dependent WISP-1 expression.
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81
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Wang S, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Maiese K. Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) blocks neurodegeneration through phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt1 and apoptotic mitochondrial signaling involving Bad, Bax, Bim, and Bcl-xL. Curr Neurovasc Res 2012; 9:20-31. [PMID: 22272766 DOI: 10.2174/156720212799297137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) is a member of the CCN family of proteins that determine cell growth, cell differentiation, immune system activation, and cell survival in tissues ranging from the cardiovascular-pulmonary system to the reproductive system. Yet, little is known of the role of WISP1 as a neuroprotective entity in the nervous system. Here we demonstrate that WISP1 is present in primary hippocampal neurons during oxidant stress with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). WISP1 expression is significantly enhanced during OGD exposure by the cysteine-rich glycosylated protein Wnt1. Similar to the neuroprotective capabilities known for Wnt1 and its signaling pathways, WISP1 averts neuronal cell injury and apoptotic degeneration during oxidative stress exposure. WISP1 requires activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-K) and Akt1 pathways to promote neuronal cell survival, since blockade of these pathways abrogates cellular protection. Furthermore, WISP1 through PI 3-K and Akt1 phosphorylates Bad and GSK-3β, minimizes expression of the Bim/Bax complex while increasing the expression of Bclx(L)/Bax complex, and prevents mitochondrial membrane permeability, cytochrome c release, and caspase 3 activation in the presence of oxidant stress. These studies provide novel considerations for the development of WISP1 as an effective and robust therapeutic target not only for neurodegenerative disorders, but also for disease entities throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Signaling, University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA
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82
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Taking aim at the extracellular matrix: CCN proteins as emerging therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011; 10:945-63. [PMID: 22129992 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Members of the CCN family of matricellular proteins are crucial for embryonic development and have important roles in inflammation, wound healing and injury repair in adulthood. Deregulation of CCN protein expression or activities contributes to the pathobiology of various diseases - many of which may arise when inflammation or tissue injury becomes chronic - including fibrosis, atherosclerosis, arthritis and cancer, as well as diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Emerging studies indicate that targeting CCN protein expression or signalling pathways holds promise in the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for such diseases. This Review summarizes the biology of CCN proteins, their roles in various pathologies and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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83
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Reddy VS, Valente AJ, Delafontaine P, Chandrasekar B. Interleukin-18/WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 signaling mediates human saphenous vein smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:3303-15. [PMID: 21321938 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate for the first time that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-18 stimulates rapid and significant proliferation of SMC derived from human saphenous vein (VSMC), but not coronary artery. IL-18 also stimulates VSMC growth. Further investigations revealed that IL-18-induced VSMC proliferation was Wnt inducible secreted protein-1 (WISP1) dependent. In addition to inducing its own expression via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent IKK/NF-κB activation, IL-18 stimulated glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation and degradation, β-catenin nuclear translocation and stabilization, T-cell factor-lymphoid enhancer binding factor (TCF-LEF) activation, and WISP1 induction. Moreover, WISP1 induced its own expression, and that of survivin and multiple matrix metalloproteinases via β-catenin/TCF-LEF interaction. WISP1 also activated AP-1, but not NF-κB, and induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 transcription in part via AP-1. Interestingly, WISP1 failed to regulate tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP) expression. These novel findings indicate that IL-18 induces a series of signaling events that result in WISP1-mediated VSMC proliferation, survival and MMP induction that are key components of vein graft stenosis and this may be amplified by IL-18 and WISP1 autoregulation and cross-regulation.
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84
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He YH, Zhang HN, Zhang GP, Hou N, Xiao Q, Huang Y, Wu JH, Luo MS, Zhang GS, Yi Q, Chen MS, Luo JD. A physiological concentration of glucocorticoid inhibits the pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced proliferation of adult rat cardiac fibroblasts: Roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor-κB. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2011; 38:739-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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85
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Kleinbongard P, Schulz R, Heusch G. TNFα in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, remodeling and heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2011; 16:49-69. [PMID: 20571888 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-010-9180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TNFα is crucially involved in the pathogenesis and progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. The formation and release of TNFα and its downstream signal transduction cascade following activation of its two receptor subtypes are characterized. Myocardial TNFα and TNF receptor activation have an ambivalent role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. Excessive TNFα expression and subsequent cardiomyocyte TNF receptor type 1 stimulation induce contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, fibrosis and cell death, while a lower TNFα concentration and subsequent cardiomyocyte TNF receptor type 2 stimulation are protective. Apart from its concentration and receptor subtype, the myocardial action of TNFα depends on the duration of its exposure and its localization. While detrimental during sustained ischemia, TNFα contributes to ischemic preconditioning protection, no matter whether it is the first, second or third window of protection, and both TNF receptors are involved in the protective signal transduction cascade. Finally, the available clinical attempts to antagonize TNFα in cardiovascular disease, notably heart failure, are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kleinbongard
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
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86
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Martin ED, Marber MS. Will o' the WISP1: a novel mediator of Ang-II induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 50:925-7. [PMID: 21439967 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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87
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Shanmugam P, Valente AJ, Prabhu SD, Venkatesan B, Yoshida T, Delafontaine P, Chandrasekar B. Angiotensin-II type 1 receptor and NOX2 mediate TCF/LEF and CREB dependent WISP1 induction and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 50:928-38. [PMID: 21376054 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-II (Ang-II) plays a key role in myocardial hypertrophy, remodeling and failure. We investigated whether Ang-II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is dependent on WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), a pro growth factor. Ang-II induced hypertrophy and WISP1 expression in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM), effects that were significantly inhibited by pre-treatment with the AT1 antagonist losartan and by WISP1 knockdown. Further, Ang-II induced WISP1 was superoxide-dependent, and inhibited by DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases, and by knockdown of NOX2. AT1 was physically associated with NOX2 both in vitro and in vivo, and Ang-II increased this interaction in vivo. Ang-II induced WISP1 expression via superoxide/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin/TCF/LEF and by Akt-dependent CREB activation. Further, Ang-II also activated CREB via superoxide-mediated p38 MAPK and ERK activation. Continuous infusion of Ang-II for 7days induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats, and was associated with increased Akt, p-Akt, p-p38 MAPK, p-ERK1/2, and WISP1 expression. These results demonstrate that Ang-II induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is mediated through AT1, NOX2 and the induction of WISP1, and may involve the direct interaction of AT1 with NOX2. Thus targeting both WISP1 and NOX2 may have a therapeutic potential in improving cardiomyocyte survival and growth following myocardial injury and remodeling. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Possible Editorial'.
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88
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Kular L, Pakradouni J, Kitabgi P, Laurent M, Martinerie C. The CCN family: A new class of inflammation modulators? Biochimie 2011; 93:377-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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89
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Yu H, Guo Y, Mi L, Wang X, Li L, Gao W. Mitofusin 2 inhibits angiotensin II-induced myocardial hypertrophy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2010; 16:205-11. [PMID: 21106870 DOI: 10.1177/1074248410385683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Myocardial hypertrophy is a common clinical finding leading to heart failure and sudden death. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a hyperplasia suppressor protein, is downregulated in hypertrophic heart. This study examined the role of Mfn2 in myocardial hypertrophy and its potential signal pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS In in vitro studies, neonatal cardiac myocytes were isolated and cultured. Incubation of cultured cardiomycytes with angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibited gene expression of Mfn2; induced cell hypertrophy and protein synthesis; and activated protein kinase Akt. Pretreatment of cells with AdMfn2-a replication-deficient adenoviral vector encoding rat Mfn2 gene-upregulated Mfn2 expression and subsequently attenuated Ang II-induced cell hypertrophy; protein synthesis; and Akt activation. In in vivo studies, direct gene delivery of AdMfn2 into myocardium decreased the infusion of Ang II-induced atrial natriuretic factor (ANF, a hypertrophic marker) expression and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area. Consistently, upregulation of Mfn2 in myocardium decreased the thicknesses of anterior and posterior walls of left ventricle (LV) and the ratio of LV mass/body weight in Ang II-treated rats. Of note, AdGFP (control for AdMfn2) did not affect the effects of Ang II in vitro or in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of Mfn2 inhibits Ang II-induced myocardial hypertrophy. In this process, inhibition of Akt activation seems to play a significant role. These findings indicate Mfn2 is a critical protein in modulating myocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China
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90
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Berschneider B, Königshoff M. WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1): a novel mediator linking development and disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010; 43:306-9. [PMID: 21109017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
WISP1 is a secreted, matricellular protein allocated to the CCN protein family. The CCN protein family consists of six, modular structured, secreted proteins. WISP1 is mainly expressed during organ development and under diseased conditions, such as fibrosis or cancer. Its expression is associated with proliferation, cytoprotection, as well as extracellular matrix production, thereby representing a highly attractive therapeutical target for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Berschneider
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
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91
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Reddy VS, Prabhu SD, Mummidi S, Valente AJ, Venkatesan B, Shanmugam P, Delafontaine P, Chandrasekar B. Interleukin-18 induces EMMPRIN expression in primary cardiomyocytes via JNK/Sp1 signaling and MMP-9 in part via EMMPRIN and through AP-1 and NF-kappaB activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1242-54. [PMID: 20693392 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00451.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IL-18 and the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inducer (EMMPRIN) stimulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs and are elevated in myocardial hypertrophy, remodeling, and failure. Here, we report several novel findings in primary cardiomyocytes treated with IL-18. First, IL-18 activated multiple transcription factors, including NF-κB (p50 and p65), activator protein (AP)-1 (cFos, cJun, and JunD), GATA, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein, myocyte-specific enhancer-binding factor, interferon regulatory factor-1, p53, and specific protein (Sp)-1. Second, IL-18 induced EMMPRIN expression via myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88/IL-1 receptor-associated kinase/TNF receptor-associated factor-6/JNK-dependent Sp1 activation. Third, IL-18 induced a number of MMP genes, particularly MMP-9, at a rapid rate as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-3 at a slower rate. Finally, the IL-18 induction of MMP-9 was mediated in part via EMMPRIN and through JNK- and ERK-dependent AP-1 activation and p38 MAPK-dependent NF-κB activation. These results suggest that the elevated expression of IL-18 during myocardial injury and inflammation may favor EMMPRIN and MMP induction and extracellular matrix degradation. Therefore, targeting IL-18 or its signaling pathways may be of potential therapeutic benefit in adverse remodeling.
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92
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Nozyński J, Zakliczyński M, Konecka-Mrówka D, Zegleń S, Przybylski R, Zembala M, Lange D, Zembala-Nozyńska E, Mecik-Kronenberg T, Dabrówka K. Pivotal karyometric measurements in different types of cardiomyopathic morphology: study of hearts explanted from transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2010; 41:3179-84. [PMID: 19857705 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphometric studies based on the measurement of cardiocyte nuclei have focused on progressive hypertrophy rather than shape, which is a deciding factor for the diagnosis of hypertrophy in myocardial diseases. The aim of this research was to demonstrate how the digital morphology of cardiocyte nuclei change correlated with the type of myocardial pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study groups encompassed 7 hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and 8 hearts with ischemic heart disease (IHD) which were explanted. A comparative group consisting of myocardial hypertrophy was contrasted with a control group of donor heart fragments. Cardiocyte nuclei were evaluated morphometrically on histologic slides. We calculated the nuclear area, length, breadth, perimeter, roundness, elongation, fullness factors, and nuclear chromatin mean gray level. The results were subjected to discriminant analysis. RESULTS All karyometric measurements analyzed by backward discriminant analysis showed only 2 powerful factors: nuclear breadth and chromatin mean gray level. The Mahalanobis distance showed the proximity of control and hypertrophy groups, whereas differences between IHD and DCM were nonsignificant. CONCLUSION The lack of karyometric differences between IHD and DCM suggested a common morphologic response for long-lasting progressive injury. The main morphologic differences were dependent on nuclear chromatin activity/stainability and nuclear breadth, suggesting darker and thinned nuclei in normal and adaptative stages and irregular brighter nuclei in cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nozyński
- Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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93
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Venkatesan B, Prabhu SD, Venkatachalam K, Mummidi S, Valente AJ, Clark RA, Delafontaine P, Chandrasekar B. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 activates diverse cell survival pathways and blocks doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death. Cell Signal 2010; 22:809-20. [PMID: 20074638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent cancer chemotherapeutic agent that exerts both acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. Here we show that in adult mouse cardiomyocytes, DOX activates (i) the pro-apoptotic p53, (ii) p38MAPK and JNK, (iii) Bax translocation, (iv) cytochrome c release, and (v) caspase 3. Further, it (vi) inhibits expression of anti-apoptotic Akt, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and (vii) induces internucleosomal degradation and cell death. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a CCN family member and a matricellular protein, inhibits DOX-mediated cardiomyocyte death. WISP1 inhibits DOX-induced p53 activation, p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation, Bax translocation to mitochondria, and cytochrome c release into cytoplasm. Additionally, WISP1 reverses DOX-induced suppression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression and Akt inhibition. The pro-survival effects of WISP1 were recapitulated by the forced expression of mutant p53, wild-type Bcl-2, wild-type Bcl-xL, or constitutively active Akt prior to DOX treatment. WISP1 also induces the pro-survival factor Survivin via PI3K/Akt signaling. Overexpression of wild-type, but not mutant Survivin, blunts DOX cytotoxicity. Further, WISP1 stimulates PI3K-Akt-dependent GSK3beta phosphorylation and beta-catenin nuclear translocation. Importantly, WISP1 induces its own expression. Together, these results provide important insights into the cytoprotective effects of WISP1 in cardiomyocytes, and suggest a potential therapeutic role for WISP1 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Venkatesan
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States
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94
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Nozyński J, Zakliczyński M, Konecka-Mrówka D, Zegleń S, Przybylski R, Zembala M, Lange D, Zembala-Nozyńska E, Mecik-Kronenberg T, Dabrówka K. Differences in antiapoptotic, proliferative activities and morphometry in dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: study of hearts explanted from transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:3171-8. [PMID: 19857704 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiapoptotic as well as replacement and proliferative mechanisms take place in the myocardium in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischemic heart disease (IHD). We sought to estimate antiapoptotic, proliferative and replacement activities in cardiomyopathies. MATERIALS The study groups included seven hearts with DCM and eight with IHD, which had been explanted at the time of transplantation. The comparator group consisted of cases of myocardial hypertrophy and the control group, donor fragments. METHODS Antiapoptotic and proliferative responses were determined immunohistochemically as Bcl-2 and Ki67 expression by semiquantitative assessment of the intensity of staining. We also measured and statistically analyzed the integrative morphometric measurements of the fraction of fibrosis area, the nucleosarcoplasmic ratio, and cardiocyte diameter. RESULTS No Bcl-2 expression was observed in the controls. The strongest reaction was seen in the DCM group, then in the IHD, and in the comparator group of myocardial hypertrophy. Proliferative activity was seen only in endocardial and interstitial fibroblasts in DCM and IHD cases. The cardiocyte diameter showed no statistical association between myocardial hypertrophy and IHD, or IHD and DCM, whereas the nucleosarcoplasmic ratios were significantly different from control groups for all comparisons. Myocardial fibrosis showed the highest values in DCM and IHD. Discriminant analysis showed the value of interstitial fibrosis and cardiocyte diameter to categorize the analyzed groups. CONCLUSIONS Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 activity seemed to play an important role in cardiocyte preservation, while proliferative activity was resticted to interstitial connective tissue cells as a replacement process. Myocardial Bcl-2 expression, the extent of myocardial fibrosis, and cardiocyte diameter may serve as additional diagnostic tools to differentiate cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nozyński
- Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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