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Sandhi A, Landberg T, Greger M. Phytofiltration of arsenic by aquatic moss (Warnstorfia fluitans). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:1098-1105. [PMID: 29157972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates whether aquatic moss (Warnstorfia fluitans) originating from an arsenic (As)-contaminated wetland close to a mine tailings impoundment may be used for phytofiltration of As. The aim was to elucidate the capacity of W. fluitans to remove As from arsenite and arsenate contaminated water, how nutrients affect the As uptake and the proportion of As adsorption and absorption by the moss plant, which consists of dead and living parts. Arsenic removal from 0, 1, or 10% Hoagland nutrient solution containing 0-100 μM arsenate was followed over 192 h, and the total As in aquatic moss after treatment was analysed. The uptake and speciation of As in moss cultivated in water containing 10 μM arsenate or arsenite were examined as As uptake in living (absorption + adsorption) and dead (adsorption) plant parts. Results indicated that W. fluitans removed up to 82% of As from the water within one hour when 1 μM arsenate was added in the absence of nutrients. The removal time increased with greater nutrient and As concentrations. Up to 100 μM As had no toxic effect on the plant biomass. Both arsenite and arsenate were removed from the solution to similar extents and, independent of the As species added, more arsenate than arsenite was found in the plant. Of the As taken up, over 90% was firmly bound to the tissue, a possible mechanism for resisting high As concentrations. Arsenic was both absorbed and adsorbed by the moss, and twice as much As was found in living parts as in dead moss tissue. This study revealed that W. fluitans has potential to serve as a phytofilter for removing As from As-contaminated water without displaying any toxic effects of the metalloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arifin Sandhi
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Land and Water Resources Engineering Division, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tommy Landberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Greger
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Nie C, Yang X, Niazi NK, Xu X, Wen Y, Rinklebe J, Ok YS, Xu S, Wang H. Impact of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on heavy metal availability and microbial activity: A field study. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 200:274-282. [PMID: 29494908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we conducted a field experiment using the test plant, Brassica chinesis L. (pak choi), to investigate the effect of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), and the health of soil microbiota in a contaminated soil. Biochar application significantly (P < 0.05) increased pak choi yield. Bioavailability of heavy metals to plant shoots and roots decreased with increasing biochar application rates (at 0, 1.5, 2.25 and 3.0 t ha-1). Sequential extraction of the biochar-treated and -untreated soil revealed that exchangeable Cd reduced whereas organically-bound fraction increased with increasing biochar rate. The labile fractions of Cu and Pb decreased, but the residual fraction increased in biochar-treated soils compared to the control. Urease, catalase and invertase activities, and the populations of bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly enhanced, whereas fungi population declined in biochar-treated soils. This study highlights that sugarcane bagasse biochar has the potential to support the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals, and as such can improve the yield and quality of agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrong Nie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China; School of the Environment, Natural Resources & Geography, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK; Key Laboratory of Agro-environments in Tropics, Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China; Zhejiang Chengbang Landscape Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoya Xu
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Yuhui Wen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Xu
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China; Guangdong Dazhong Agriculture Science Co. Ltd., Dongguan, Guangdong 523169, China.
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Shakoor MB, Bibi I, Niazi NK, Shahid M, Nawaz MF, Farooqi A, Naidu R, Rahman MM, Murtaza G, Lüttge A. The evaluation of arsenic contamination potential, speciation and hydrogeochemical behaviour in aquifers of Punjab, Pakistan. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:737-746. [PMID: 29475162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we tested 123 groundwater wells from five different areas of Punjab, Pakistan for arsenic (As) contamination level and species, as well as delineated hydrogeochemical behaviour of As in aquifers. Results revealed that 75% and 41% of the groundwater wells exceeded the safe As limit of World Health Organisation (WHO, 10 μg L-1) and Pakistan-EPA (50 μg L-1), respectively. Arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) spanned 0-80% and 20-100% of total As (1.2-206 μg L-1), respectively. The mean As content (5.2 μg L-1) of shallow wells at 9-40 m depth did not exceed the WHO safe limit, representing a safe aquifer zone for pumping of groundwater compared to deeper wells at 41-90 m (51 μg L-1) and >90 m (23 μg L-1) depths. Piper-plot elucidated that the aqueous chemistry was dominated with Na-SO4, Na-Ca-SO4, Na-Mg-SO4 type saline water. Principal component analysis grouped As concentration with well depth, pH, salinity, Fe and CO3, exhibiting that these hydrogeochemical factors could have potential role in controlling As release/sequestration into the aquifers of study area. Geochemical modeling showed positive saturation indices only for iron (Fe) oxide-phases, indicating Fe oxides as the major carriers of As. Overall, this study provides insights to tackle emerging As threat to the communities in Punjab, Pakistan, as well as help develop suitable management/mitigation strategies - based on the baseline knowledge of As levels/species and factors governing As contamination in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Shakoor
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, D-28359, Germany
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, D-28359, Germany; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480, NSW, Australia.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz
- Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Andreas Lüttge
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, D-28359, Germany
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Khalid S, Shahid M, Natasha, Bibi I, Sarwar T, Shah AH, Niazi NK. A Review of Environmental Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Wastewater Use for Crop Irrigation with a Focus on Low and High-Income Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E895. [PMID: 29724015 PMCID: PMC5981934 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Population densities and freshwater resources are not evenly distributed worldwide. This has forced farmers to use wastewater for the irrigation of food crops. This practice presents both positive and negative effects with respect to agricultural use, as well as in the context of environmental contamination and toxicology. Although wastewater is an important source of essential nutrients for plants, many environmental, sanitary, and health risks are also associated with the use of wastewater for crop irrigation due to the presence of toxic contaminants and microbes. This review highlights the harmful and beneficial impacts of wastewater irrigation on the physical, biological, and chemical properties of soil (pH, cations and anions, organic matter, microbial activity). We delineate the potentially toxic element (PTEs) build up in the soil and, as such, their transfer into plants and humans. The possible human health risks associated with the use of untreated wastewater for crop irrigation are also predicted and discussed. We compare the current condition of wastewater reuse in agriculture and the associated environmental and health issues between developing and developed countries. In addition, some integrated sustainable solutions and future perspectives are also proposed, keeping in view the regional and global context, as well as the grounded reality of wastewater use for crop production, sanitary and planning issues, remedial techniques, awareness among civil society, and the role of the government and the relevant stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan; (S.K.); (N.); (T.S.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan; (S.K.); (N.); (T.S.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan; (S.K.); (N.); (T.S.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Tania Sarwar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan; (S.K.); (N.); (T.S.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Ali Haidar Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan; (S.K.); (N.); (T.S.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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Shahid M, Niazi NK, Khalid S, Murtaza B, Bibi I, Rashid MI. A critical review of selenium biogeochemical behavior in soil-plant system with an inference to human health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:915-934. [PMID: 29253832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals, although controversial for different plant species. There exists a narrow line between essential, beneficial and toxic levels of Se to living organisms which greatly varies with Se speciation, as well as the type of living organisms. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor its solid- and solution-phase speciation, exposure levels and pathways to living organisms. Consumption of Se-laced food (cereals, vegetables, legumes and pulses) is the prime source of Se exposure to humans. Thus, it is imperative to assess the biogeochemical behavior of Se in soil-plant system with respect to applied levels and speciation, which ultimately affect Se status in humans. Based on available relevant literature, this review traces a plausible link among (i) Se levels, sources, speciation, bioavailability, and effect of soil chemical properties on selenium bioavailability/speciation in soil; (ii) role of different protein transporters in soil-root-shoot transfer of Se; and (iii) speciation, metabolism, phytotoxicity and detoxification of Se inside plants. The toxic and beneficial effects of Se to plants have been discussed with respect to speciation and toxic/deficient concentration of Se. We highlight the significance of various enzymatic (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (phytochelatins and glutathione) antioxidants which help combat Se-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The review also delineates Se accumulation in edible plant parts from soils containing low or high Se levels; elucidates associated health disorders or risks due to the consumption of Se-deficient or Se-rich foods; discusses the potential role of Se in different human disorders/diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, D-28359, Germany; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan; Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Kaur P, Singh S, Kumar V, Singh N, Singh J. Effect of rhizobacteria on arsenic uptake by macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:114-120. [PMID: 28613914 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1337071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater flowing in streams and nallahs across India carries several trace metals, including metalloid arsenic (As), which are considered serious environmental contaminants due to their toxicity, and recalcitrant nature. In this study, we determined the phytoremediation of As by Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms either alone or in association with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Pseudomonas and Azotobacter inoculation to E. crassipes resulted in enhanced As removal compared to uninoculated control. Co-inoculation with a consortium of Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Actinomyces, and Bacillus resulted in a higher As (p < 0.05) phytoaccumulation efficiency. P. aeruginosa strain jogii was found particularly effective in augmenting As removal by E. crassipes. Our findings indicate that the synergistic association of E. crassipes and various rhizobacteria is an effective strategy to enhance removal of As and thus may be utilized as an efficient biological alternative for the removal of this metalloid from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvinder Kaur
- a Department of Biotechnology , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Simranjeet Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- a Department of Biotechnology , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Nasib Singh
- b Department of Microbiology , Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University , Baru Sahib , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Joginder Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
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Abbas G, Murtaza B, Bibi I, Shahid M, Niazi NK, Khan MI, Amjad M, Hussain M, Natasha. Arsenic Uptake, Toxicity, Detoxification, and Speciation in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E59. [PMID: 29301332 PMCID: PMC5800158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental contamination with arsenic (As) is a global environmental, agricultural and health issue due to the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of As. Exposure of plants to As, even at very low concentration, can cause many morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. The recent research on As in the soil-plant system indicates that As toxicity to plants varies with its speciation in plants (e.g., arsenite, As(III); arsenate, As(V)), with the type of plant species, and with other soil factors controlling As accumulation in plants. Various plant species have different mechanisms of As(III) or As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification. This review briefly describes the sources and global extent of As contamination and As speciation in soil. We discuss different mechanisms responsible for As(III) and As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants, at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. This review highlights the importance of the As-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as their damaging impacts on plants at biochemical, genetic, and molecular levels. The role of different enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (salicylic acid, proline, phytochelatins, glutathione, nitric oxide, and phosphorous) substances under As(III/V) stress have been delineated via conceptual models showing As translocation and toxicity pathways in plant species. Significantly, this review addresses the current, albeit partially understood, emerging aspects on (i) As-induced physiological, biochemical, and genotoxic mechanisms and responses in plants and (ii) the roles of different molecules in modulation of As-induced toxicities in plants. We also provide insight on some important research gaps that need to be filled to advance our scientific understanding in this area of research on As in soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, Australia
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Munawar Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
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Barbafieri M, Pedron F, Petruzzelli G, Rosellini I, Franchi E, Bagatin R, Vocciante M. Assisted phytoremediation of a multi-contaminated soil: Investigation on arsenic and lead combined mobilization and removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:316-329. [PMID: 28803155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The removal of contaminants from an earthy matrix by phytoremediation requires the selection of appropriate plant species and a suitable strategy to be effective. In order to set up an assisted phytoremediation intervention related to a disused industrial site affected by an arsenic and lead complex contamination, an extensive experimental investigation on micro and mesocosm scale has been conducted. Particular attention was given to the choice of plant species: using crop plants (Lupinus albus, Helianthus annuus and Brassica juncea) a series of parallel test campaigns have been realized to investigate different scenarios for the reclamation. With regard to the arsenic contamination, which is certainly the most worrying, the possibility of employing a hyper-accumulator species (Pteris vittata) has also been investigated, highlighting advantages and difficulties associated with such an approach. The application of various mobilizing agents in different concentrations was tested, in order to maximize the extraction efficiency of plants in respect of both contaminants, showing the necessity of a chemically assisted approach to promote their uptake and translocation in the shoots. Phosphate addition appears to produce the desired results, positively affecting As phyto-extraction for both hyper-accumulator and crop plants, while minimizing its toxic effects at the investigated concentrations. With regard to Pb, although tests with EDDS have been encouraging, EDTA should be preferred at present due to lower uncertainties about its effectiveness. The performed tests also improved the addition of mobilizing agents, allowing the simultaneous removal of the two metals despite their great diversity (which in general discourages such approach), with significant saving of time and an obvious improvement of the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Barbafieri
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Council of Research, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pedron
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Council of Research, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Irene Rosellini
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Council of Research, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Franchi
- Eni S.p.A., Renewable Energy & Environmental R&D, Via Maritano 26, 20097, S. Donato Milanese, MI, Italy.
| | - Roberto Bagatin
- Eni S.p.A., Renewable Energy & Environmental R&D, Via Maritano 26, 20097, S. Donato Milanese, MI, Italy.
| | - Marco Vocciante
- DCCI, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy.
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Hussain S, Akram M, Abbas G, Murtaza B, Shahid M, Shah NS, Bibi I, Niazi NK. Arsenic tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Conocarpus erectus L. and Populus deltoides L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:985-991. [PMID: 28324662 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1303815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore arsenic (As) tolerance and phytostabilization potential of the two tree species, buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) and eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides). Both plant species were grown in pots and were exposed to various soil As levels (control, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg kg-1). The plants were harvested after 9 months for the evaluation of growth parameters as well as root and shoot As concentrations. With increasing soil As levels, plant height stress tolerance index (PHSTI) was significantly decreased in both tree species, whereas root length stress tolerance index (RLSTI) and dry matter stress tolerance index (DMSTI) were not affected. Root and shoot As concentrations significantly increased in both tree species with increasing soil As levels. Translocation factor and bioconcentration factor were less than 1.0 for both plant species. This study revealed that both tree species are non-hyperaccumulators of As, but they could be used for phytostabilization of As-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Noor S Shah
- a Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology , Vehari , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- b Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences , University of Agriculture Faisalabad , Faisalabad , Pakistan
- c MARUM and Department of Geosciences , University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- b Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences , University of Agriculture Faisalabad , Faisalabad , Pakistan
- c MARUM and Department of Geosciences , University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany
- d Southern Cross GeoScience , Southern Cross University , Lismore , NSW , Australia
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Shaheen SM, Kwon EE, Biswas JK, Tack FMG, Ok YS, Rinklebe J. Arsenic, chromium, molybdenum, and selenium: Geochemical fractions and potential mobilization in riverine soil profiles originating from Germany and Egypt. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:553-563. [PMID: 28432892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The fractionation and potential mobilization of As, Cr, Mo, and Se in four floodplain soil profiles collected along the Nile (Egypt) and Wupper (Germany) Rivers were assessed using the BCR sequential extraction procedure. The concentrations of total and the geochemical fractions (acid soluble (F1), reducible (F2), oxidizable (F3), and residual (F4) fraction) of the elements were determined. The Wupper soils had the highest total concentrations (mg kg-1) of As (378) and Cr (2,797) while the Nile soils contained the highest total Mo (12) and Se (42). The residual fraction of As, Cr, Mo, and Se was dominant in the Nile soils suggesting the geogenic source of the elements in these soils. The residual fraction of As and Mo and the oxidizable fraction of Cr and Se were dominant in the Wupper soils. Among the non-residual fractions (potential mobile fractions; PMF = ∑F1-F3), the oxidizable fraction was dominant for Cr, Mo, and Se in the Nile soils and for Mo in the Wupper soils, while the reducible fraction was dominant for As in both soils. The PMF of As, Cr, and Se was higher in the Wupper than in the Nile soils which might reflect the anthropogenic sources of these elements in the Wupper soils, while the opposite was the case for the PMF of Mo. The high PMF of Se (87%), Cr (87%), and As (21%) in the Wupper soils suggested that a release of these toxic elements may happen which increase the potential environmental risks in the anthropogenically polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta K Biswas
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Filip M G Tack
- Ghent University, Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Korea Biochar Research Center & School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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