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Cancer Biology and Carcinogenesis: Fundamental Biological Processes and How They Are Deranged in Oral Cancer. TEXTBOOK OF ORAL CANCER 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32316-5_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Robledo‐Sierra J, Ben‐Amy DP, Varoni E, Bavarian R, Simonsen JL, Paster BJ, Wade WG, Kerr AR, Peterson DE, Frandsen Lau E. World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Targeting the oral microbiome Part 2: Current knowledge on malignant and potentially malignant oral disorders. Oral Dis 2019; 25 Suppl 1:28-48. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalit Porat Ben‐Amy
- Oral Medicine Unit Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery The Baruch Padeh Medical Center Poriya Israel
| | - Elena Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Roxanne Bavarian
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Janne L. Simonsen
- Aarhus University Library – Health Sciences Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | | | - William G. Wade
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome Interactions Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Alexander R. Kerr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine New York University College of Medicine New York City New York
| | - Douglas E. Peterson
- Oral Medicine Section School of Dental Medicine UConn Health University of Connecticut Mansfield Connecticut
| | - Ellen Frandsen Lau
- Section for Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Faculty of Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
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54
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Vesty A, Gear K, Biswas K, Radcliff FJ, Taylor MW, Douglas RG. Microbial and inflammatory-based salivary biomarkers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dent Res 2018; 4:255-262. [PMID: 30603107 PMCID: PMC6305924 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients often present with poor oral health, making it difficult to assess the relationship between oral microbes, inflammation, and carcinoma. This study investigates salivary microbes and inflammatory cytokines as biomarkers for HNSCC, with consideration of oral health. Saliva was collected from 30 participants, including 14 HNSCC patients and 16 participants representing both dentally compromised and healthy individuals. Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 amplicon sequencing, respectively, and concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were quantified using a cytometric bead array, with flow cytometry. Diversity-based analyses revealed that the bacterial communities of HNSCC patients were significantly different to those of the healthy control group but not the dentally compromised patients. Fungal communities were dominated by Candida, irrespective of cohort, with Candida albicans comprising ≥96% of fungal sequences in most HNSCC patients. Significantly higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 were detected in HNSCC and dentally compromised patients, when independently compared with healthy controls. IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations were significantly positively correlated with the abundance of C. albicans. Our findings suggest that salivary microbial and inflammatory biomarkers of HNSCC are influenced by oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vesty
- Department of SurgeryThe University of AucklandNew Zealand
| | - Kim Gear
- OtorhinolaryngologyAuckland District Health BoardNew Zealand
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of SurgeryThe University of AucklandNew Zealand
| | - Fiona J. Radcliff
- Department of Molecular Medicine & PathologyThe University of AucklandNew Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandNew Zealand
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Bandara HMHN, Panduwawala CP, Samaranayake LP. Biodiversity of the human oral mycobiome in health and disease. Oral Dis 2018; 25:363-371. [PMID: 29786923 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The organisms that colonize the human body over a lifetime are diverse, extensive and gargantuan. A fair proportion of the microbiota that constitutes this human microbiome live within our oral cavities mostly as harmonious associates causing only sporadic disease. An important core constituent of the microbiome is the mycobiome, representing various fungal genera. Up until recently, only a few species of fungi, mainly Candida species, were thought to constitute the human oral mycobiome. The reasons for this are manifold, although the uncultivable nature of many fungi in conventional laboratory media, and their complex genetic composition seem to be the major factors which eluded their detection over the years. Nevertheless, recent advances in computing and high-throughput sequencing such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms have provided us a panoramic view of a totally new world of fungi that are human oral cohabitués. Their diversity is perplexing, and functionality yet to be deciphered. Here, we provide a glimpse of what is currently known of the oral mycobiome, in health and disease, with some future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chamila P Panduwawala
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Lakshman Perera Samaranayake
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Jamieson L, Garvey G, Hedges J, Mitchell A, Dunbar T, Leane C, Hill I, Warren K, Brown A, Ju X, Roder D, Logan R, Johnson N, Smith M, Antonsson A, Canfell K. Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Cancer Among Indigenous Australians: Protocol for a Prevalence Study of Oral-Related Human Papillomavirus and Cost-Effectiveness of Prevention. JMIR Res Protoc 2018; 7:e10503. [PMID: 29884604 PMCID: PMC6015268 DOI: 10.2196/10503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oropharyngeal cancer is an important, understudied cancer affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer. Current generation HPV vaccines are effective against the 2 most common types of high-risk HPVs in cancer (hrHPVs 16/18). Objectives This study aims (1) to yield population estimates of oncogenic genotypes of HPV in the mouth and oropharynx of defined Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations; (2) to estimate the proportion of oropharyngeal cancer attributable to HPV among these Australian citizens; (3) to estimate the impact of HPV vaccination as currently implemented on rates of oropharyngeal cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians; and (4) taking into account impact on oropharyngeal as well as cervical cancer, to evaluate efficacy and cost-effectiveness of targeted extended HPV vaccination to older ages, among our study population. Methods Our study design and operation is straightforward, with minimal impost on participants. It involves testing for carriage of hrHPV in the mouth and oropharynx among 1000 Aboriginal South Australians by simple saliva collection and with follow-up at 12 and 24 months, collection of sexual history at baseline, collection of information for estimating health state (quality-of-life) utilities at baseline, genotyping of viruses, predictive outcome and cost-effectiveness modeling, data interpretation and development of vaccination, and follow-up management strategies driven by the Aboriginal community. Results Participant recruitment for this study commenced in February 2018 and enrollment is ongoing. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2019. Conclusions The project will have a number of important outcomes. Synthesis of evidence will enable generation of estimates of the burden of oropharyngeal cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians and indicate the likely effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prevention. This will be important for health services planning, and for Aboriginal health worker and patient education. The results will also point to important areas where research efforts should be focused to improve outcomes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians with oropharyngeal cancer. There will be a strong focus on community engagement and accounting for the preferences of individuals and the community in control of HPV-related cancers. The project has international relevance in that it will be the first to systematically evaluate prevention of both cervical and oropharyngeal cancer in a high-risk Indigenous population taking into account all population, testing, and surveillance options. Registered Report Identifier RR1-10.2196/10503
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gail Garvey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Joanne Hedges
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Terry Dunbar
- Yaitya Purruna Indigenous Health Unit, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cathy Leane
- Aboriginal Health Division Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Isaac Hill
- Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate Warren
- Pika Wiya Health Service Inc, Port Augusta, Australia
| | - Alex Brown
- Wardliparingga Aboriginal Research Unit, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Xiangqun Ju
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Roder
- School of Health Sciences, Univesity of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard Logan
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Newell Johnson
- Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Megan Smith
- Cancer Council of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annika Antonsson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Karen Canfell
- Cancer Council of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Perera M, Al-Hebshi NN, Perera I, Ipe D, Ulett GC, Speicher DJ, Chen T, Johnson NW. Inflammatory Bacteriome and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Dent Res 2018; 97:725-732. [PMID: 29630846 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518767118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Results from microbiome studies on oral cancer have been inconsistent, probably because they focused on compositional analysis, which does not account for functional redundancy among oral bacteria. Based on functional prediction, a recent study revealed enrichment of inflammatory bacterial attributes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Given the high relevance of this finding to carcinogenesis, we aimed here to corroborate them in a case-control study involving 25 OSCC cases and 27 fibroepithelial polyp (FEP) controls from Sri Lanka. DNA extracted from fresh biopsies was sequenced for the V1 to V3 region with Illumina's 2 × 300-bp chemistry. High-quality nonchimeric merged reads were classified to the species level with a prioritized BLASTN-based algorithm. Downstream compositional analysis was performed with QIIME (Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology) and linear discriminant analysis effect size, while PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) was utilized for bacteriome functional prediction. The OSCC tissues tended to have lower species richness and diversity. Genera Capnocytophaga, Pseudomonas, and Atopobium were overrepresented in OSCC, while Lautropia, Staphylococcus, and Propionibacterium were the most abundant in FEP. At the species level, Campylobacter concisus, Prevotella salivae, Prevotella loeschii, and Fusobacterium oral taxon 204 were enriched in OSCC, while Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oral taxon 070, Lautropia mirabilis, and Rothia dentocariosa among others were more abundant in FEP. Functionally, proinflammatory bacterial attributes, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and peptidases, were enriched in the OSCC tissues. Thus, while the results in terms of species composition significantly differed from the original study, they were consistent at the functional level, substantiating evidence for the inflammatory nature of the bacteriome associated with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perera
- 1 School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - N N Al-Hebshi
- 3 Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - I Perera
- 4 Preventive Oral Health Unit, The National Dental Hospital (Teaching), Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - D Ipe
- 1 School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,5 School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - G C Ulett
- 2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,5 School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - D J Speicher
- 2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,6 Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,7 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Chen
- 8 Department of Microbiology, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - N W Johnson
- 1 School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,9 Dental Institute, King's College London, UK
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