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Current Development in Genome Wide Association Studies of Glaucoma. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-018-0167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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52
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Wang HW, Sun P, Chen Y, Jiang LP, Wu HP, Zhang W, Gao F. Research progress on human genes involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma (Review). Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:656-674. [PMID: 29845210 PMCID: PMC6059695 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. It is known that the incidence of glaucoma is closely associated with inheritance. A large number of studies have suggested that genetic factors are involved in the occurrence and development of glaucoma, and even affect the drug sensitivity and prognosis of glaucoma. In the present review, 22 loci of glaucoma are presented, including the relevant genes (myocilin, interleukin 20 receptor subunit B, optineurin, ankyrin repeat- and SOCS box-containing protein 10, WD repeat-containing protein 36, EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1, neurotrophin 4, TANK-binding kinase 1, cytochrome P450 subfamily I polypeptide 1, latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 2 and TEK tyrosine kinase endothelial) and 74 other genes (including toll-like receptor 4, sine oculis homeobox Drosophila homolog of 1, doublecortin-like kinase 1, RE repeats-encoding gene, retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator-interacting protein, lysyl oxidase-like protein 1, heat-shock 70-kDa protein 1A, baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and nitric oxide synthase 3 and nanophthalmos 1) that are more closely associated with glaucoma. The pathogenesis of these glaucoma-associated genes, glaucomatous genetics and genetic approaches, as well as glaucomatous risk factors, including increasing age, glaucoma family history, high myopia, diabetes, ocular trauma, smoking, intraocular pressure increase and/or fluctuation were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161041, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ping Wu
- Department of The Scientific Research, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Hospital Administration, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
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53
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Are we ready for genetic testing for primary open-angle glaucoma? Eye (Lond) 2018; 32:877-883. [PMID: 29379103 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-017-0011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a dramatic reduction in the cost of genotyping technology in recent years, there have been significant advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of glaucoma. Glaucoma patients represent around a quarter of all outpatient activity in the UK hospital eye service and are a huge burden for the National Health Service. A potential benefit of genetic testing is personalised glaucoma management, allowing direction of our limited healthcare resources to the glaucoma patients who most need it. Our review aims to summarise recent discoveries in the field of glaucoma genetics and to discuss their potential clinical utility. While genome-wide association studies have now identified over ten genes associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), individually, variants in these genes are not predictive of POAG in populations. There are data suggesting some of these POAG variants are associated with conversion from ocular hypertension to POAG and visual field progression among POAG patients. However, these studies have not been replicated yet and such genetic testing is not currently justified in clinical care. In contrast, genetic testing for inherited early-onset disease in relatives of POAG patients with a known genetic mutation is of clear benefit; this can support either regular review to commence early treatment when the disease develops, or discharge from ophthalmology services of relatives who do not carry the mutation. Genetic testing for POAG at a population level is not currently justified.
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Sayyad Z, Sirohi K, Radha V, Swarup G. 661W is a retinal ganglion precursor-like cell line in which glaucoma-associated optineurin mutants induce cell death selectively. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16855. [PMID: 29203899 PMCID: PMC5715133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A photoreceptor cell line, 661W, derived from a mouse retinal tumor that expresses several markers of cone photoreceptor cells has been described earlier. However, these cells can be differentiated into neuronal cells. Here, we report that this cell line expressed certain markers specific to retinal ganglion cells such as Rbpms, Brn3b (Pou4f2), Brn3c (Pou4f3), Thy1 and γ-synuclein (Sncg), and some other markers of neuronal cells (beta-III tubulin, NeuN and MAP2). These cells also expressed Opn1mw, a cone-specific marker and nestin, a marker for neural precursor cells. Two glaucoma-associated mutants of OPTN, E50K and M98K, but not an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutant, E478G, induced cell death selectively in 661W cells. However, in a motor neuron cell line, NSC34, E478G mutant of OPTN but not E50K and M98K induced cell death. We conclude that 661W is a retinal ganglion precursor-like cell line, which shows properties of both retinal ganglion and photoreceptor cells. We suggest that these cells could be utilized for exploring the mechanisms of cell death induction and cytoprotection relevant for glaucoma pathogenesis. RGC-5 cell line which probably arose from 661W cells showed expression of essentially the same markers of retinal ganglion cells and neuronal cells as seen in 661W cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuberwasim Sayyad
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Kapil Sirohi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Department of medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, 80206, Colorado, USA
| | - Vegesna Radha
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
| | - Ghanshyam Swarup
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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55
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Jonas JB, Aung T, Bourne RR, Bron AM, Ritch R, Panda-Jonas S. Glaucoma. Lancet 2017; 390:2183-2193. [PMID: 28577860 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 775] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterised by cupping of the optic nerve head and visual-field damage. It is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Progression usually stops if the intraocular pressure is lowered by 30-50% from baseline. Its worldwide age-standardised prevalence in the population aged 40 years or older is about 3·5%. Chronic forms of glaucoma are painless and symptomatic visual-field defects occur late. Early detection by ophthalmological examination is mandatory. Risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma-the most common form of glaucoma-include older age, elevated intraocular pressure, sub-Saharan African ethnic origin, positive family history, and high myopia. Older age, hyperopia, and east Asian ethnic origin are the main risk factors for primary angle-closure glaucoma. Glaucoma is diagnosed using ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, and perimetry. Treatment to lower intraocular pressure is based on topical drugs, laser therapy, and surgical intervention if other therapeutic modalities fail to prevent progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rupert R Bourne
- Vision and Eye Research Unit, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alain M Bron
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Dijon, France
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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56
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Nunes HF, Ananina G, Costa VP, Zanchin NIT, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Investigation of CAV1/CAV2 rs4236601 and CDKN2B-AS1 rs2157719 in primary open-angle glaucoma patients from Brazil. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:194-199. [PMID: 29111846 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1393830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified several susceptibility variants associated with the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), among which rs4236601 (CAV1/CAV2) at chromosome 7q31 and rs2157719 at chromosome 9p21 (CDKN2B-AS1). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these variants contribute to the incidence of POAG in a sample of the Brazilian Southeastern population and to determine the best-fitted genetic model for these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A case-control study with 557 individuals, 310 with POAG, and 247 controls was conducted through PCR and direct sequencing. We observed a significant effect of the heterozygous genotype (G/A) of rs2157719 that occurred more frequently in the control group (p = 0.0004; OR: 0.517, CI 95%: 0.357-0.745). Allele frequencies also differed between cases and controls (p = 0.006; OR: 0.694, CI 95%: 0.522-0.922) with the best-fitted genetic model for rs2157719 being the codominant model. No differences were observed for genotype and allele distributions in relation to rs4236601 in the CAV1/CAV2 region. The association of rs2157719 (CDKN2B-AS1) with the POAG phenotype corroborates previously published results, reinforcing the importance of this variant in POAG etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Freire Nunes
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Galina Ananina
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | | | | | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
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57
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Abeshi A, Fanelli F, Beccari T, Dundar M, Ziccardi L, Bertelli M. Genetic testing for Mendelian glaucoma. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/s1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We studied the scientific literature and disease guidelines in order to summarize the clinical utility of genetic testing for Mendelian glaucomas, a large heterogeneous group of inherited disorders, classified according to age of onset as congenital glaucoma, juvenile glaucoma and age-related glaucoma. Variations in the TEK, MYOC, ASB10, NTF4, OPA1, WDR36 and OPTN genes are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and variations in the CYP1B1 and LTBP2 genes have autosomal recessive inheritance. The prevalence of congenital glaucoma is estimated at 1-9 per 100 000, that of juvenile glaucoma at 1 per 50 000, while there is insufficient data to establish the prevalence of age-related glaucoma. Clinical diagnosis is based on clinical findings, age of onset, family history, ophthalmological examination, intraocular pressure, gonioscopy and fundoscopy. The genetic test is useful for confirming diagnosis, and for differential diagnosis, couple risk assessment and access to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Abeshi
- MAGI Balkans, Tirana , Albania
- MAGI’S Lab, Rovereto , Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia , Italy
| | - Munis Dundar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Erciyes University Medical School, Kayseri , Turkey
| | - Lucia Ziccardi
- Neurophthalmology Unit, “G.B. Bietti” Foundation IRCCS, Rome , Italy
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58
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Jayaram H, Phillips JI, Lozano DC, Choe TE, Cepurna WO, Johnson EC, Morrison JC, Gattey DM, Saugstad JA, Keller KE. Comparison of MicroRNA Expression in Aqueous Humor of Normal and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients Using PCR Arrays: A Pilot Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:2884-2890. [PMID: 28586912 PMCID: PMC5460954 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-21844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous noncoding RNAs that have been detected in human aqueous humor (AH). Prior studies have pooled samples to obtain sufficient quantities for analysis or used next-generation sequencing. Here, we used PCR arrays with preamplification to identify and compare miRNAs from individual AH samples between patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal controls. Methods AH was collected before cataract surgery from six stable, medically treated POAG patients and eight age-matched controls. Following reverse transcription and preamplification, individual patient samples were profiled on Taqman Low Density MicroRNA Array Cards. Differentially expressed miRNAs were stratified for fold changes larger than ±2 and for significance of P < 0.05. Significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways influenced by the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the predicted target module of the miRWalk 2.0 database. Results This approach detected 181 discrete miRNAs, which were consistently expressed across all samples of both experimental groups. Significant up-regulation of miR-518d and miR-143, and significant down-regulation of miR-660, was observed in the AH of POAG patients compared with controls. These miRNAs were predicted to reduce cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling, endocytosis, Wnt signaling, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and adherens junction function. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates that miRNA expression within the AH of POAG patients differs from age-matched controls. AH miRNAs exhibit potential as biomarkers of POAG, which merits further investigation in a larger case-controlled study. This technique provides a cost-effective and sensitive approach to assay miRNAs in individual patient samples without the need for pooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Jayaram
- Glaucoma Service, National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology & Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom 2Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Jay I Phillips
- Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Diana C Lozano
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Tiffany E Choe
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - William O Cepurna
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Elaine C Johnson
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - John C Morrison
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Devin M Gattey
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Julie A Saugstad
- Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Kate E Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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59
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Micheal S, Hogewind BF, Khan MI, Siddiqui SN, Zafar SN, Akhtar F, Qamar R, Hoyng CB, den Hollander AI. Variants in the PRPF8 Gene are Associated with Glaucoma. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4504-4510. [PMID: 28707069 PMCID: PMC5884903 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Mutations in six genes have been associated with juvenile- and adult-onset familial primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) prior to this report but they explain only a small proportion of the genetic load. The aim of the study is to identify the novel genetic cause of the POAG in the families with adult-onset glaucoma. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on DNA of two affected individuals, and predicted pathogenic variants were evaluated for segregation in four affected and three unaffected Dutch family members by Sanger sequencing. We identified a pathogenic variant (p.Val956Gly) in the PRPF8 gene, which segregates with the disease in Dutch family. Targeted Sanger sequencing of PRPF8 in a panel of 40 POAG families (18 Pakistani and 22 Dutch) revealed two additional nonsynonymous variants (p.Pro13Leu and p.Met25Thr), which segregate with the disease in two other Pakistani families. Both variants were then analyzed in a case-control cohort consisting of Pakistani 320 POAG cases and 250 matched controls. The p.Pro13Leu and p.Met25Thr variants were identified in 14 and 20 cases, respectively, while they were not detected in controls (p values 0.0004 and 0.0001, respectively). Previously, PRPF8 mutations have been associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The PRPF8 variants associated with POAG are located at the N-terminus, while all RP-associated mutations cluster at the C-terminus, dictating a clear genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Micheal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barend F Hogewind
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sorath Noorani Siddiqui
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital, Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Saemah Nuzhat Zafar
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital, Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Farah Akhtar
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital, Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Qamar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Al-Nafees Medical College & Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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60
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Liu K, He W, Zhao J, Zeng Y, Cheng H. Association of WDR36 polymorphisms with primary open angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7291. [PMID: 28658128 PMCID: PMC5500050 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of the WDR36 gene with glaucoma has been controversial in the literature. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association of all reported common polymorphisms in WDR36 with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and its subtypes: high tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS Publications in PUBMED and EMBASE databases up to March 9, 2016 were searched for case-control association studies of WDR36 with POAG, HTG, and/or NTG. Reported studies giving adequate genotype and/or allele information were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of individual polymorphisms were estimated using the allelic model. RESULTS Our literature search yielded 122 records, among which 5 studies were eligible for meta-analysis, involving a total of 1352 POAG patients and 894 controls. Five WDR36 polymorphisms were meta-analyzed, rs11241095, rs10038177, rs17553936, rs13186912, and rs13153937. However, none of them was significantly associated with POAG, HTG, or NTG. The most-investigated polymorphisms, rs11241095 and rs10038177, had a pooled-OR of 1.09 (95% CI: 0.94-1.28, P = .25, I = 0) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.71-1.39, P = .97, I = 77%), respectively, for POAG. CONCLUSION The existing data in the literature do not support a significant role of WDR36 in the genetic susceptibility of POAG or its subtypes. Further replication studies in specific populations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University School of Ophthalmology & Optometry Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Hu Z, He C. CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism decreases the risk of glaucoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21167-21176. [PMID: 28416752 PMCID: PMC5400574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor-2B (CDKN2B) gene rs1063192 polymorphism and glaucoma risk. We searched the databases of PubMed, and Embase. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using fixed-effect or random-effect models. A total of 14 case-control studies involving 11,316 cases and 24,055 controls were included. Meta-analysis showed that CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma. Stratification analysis of ethnicity indicated that rs1063192 polymorphism decreased the risk of glaucoma among Caucasians and Asians. Stratification analysis by type of glaucoma revealed that rs1063192 polymorphism conferred a protective factor of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and non-POAG. Stratification by source of controls uncovered an association between rs1063192 polymorphism and glaucoma in groups of population-based controls. In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicates that CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism is significantly associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxian Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenliang He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
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62
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Liu Y, Allingham RR. Major review: Molecular genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2017; 160:62-84. [PMID: 28499933 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common type, is a complex inherited disorder that is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve head excavation, and visual field loss. The discovery of a large, and growing, number of genetic and chromosomal loci has been shown to contribute to POAG risk, which carry implications for disease pathogenesis. Differential gene expression analyses in glaucoma-affected tissues as well as animal models of POAG are enhancing our mechanistic understanding in this common, blinding disorder. In this review we summarize recent developments in POAG genetics and molecular genetics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James & Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke - National University of Singapore (Duke-NUS), Singapore.
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Gupta V, Somarajan BI, Gupta S, Chaurasia AK, Kumar S, Dutta P, Gupta V, Sharma A, Tayo BO, Nischal K. The inheritance of juvenile onset primary open angle glaucoma. Clin Genet 2017; 92:134-142. [PMID: 27779752 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile onset open angle glaucoma (JOAG) affects patients before 40 years of age, who present with high intraocular pressure and deep steep cupping of the optic nerve head. While it was considered to be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, recent studies have shown an autosomal recessive pattern as well as sporadic occurrence of the disease in several families. In this review, we analyze the genetic basis of the disease along with common mutations and their association with JOAG. We also analyzed the inheritance patterns in a large group of unrelated JOAG patients (n = 336) from Northern India wherein the prevalence of familial occurrence was assessed and segregation analysis performed, to determine the mode of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gupta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B I Somarajan
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Chaurasia
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Kumar
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Dutta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Gupta
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - K Nischal
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Micheal S, Saksens NTM, Hogewind BF, Khan MI, Hoyng CB, den Hollander AI. Identification of TP53BP2 as a Novel Candidate Gene for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma by Whole Exome Sequencing in a Large Multiplex Family. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1387-1395. [PMID: 28150229 PMCID: PMC5820370 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a major type of glaucoma characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells with associated visual field loss without an identifiable secondary cause. Genetic factors are considered to be major contributors to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. The aim of the study was to identify the causative gene in a large family with POAG by applying whole exome sequencing (WES). WES was performed on the DNA of four affected family members. Rare pathogenic variants shared among the affected individuals were filtered. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were used to analyze variants segregating with the disease in additional family members. WES analysis identified a variant in TP53BP2 (c.109G>A; p.Val37Met) that segregated heterozygously with the disease. In silico analysis of the substitution predicted it to be pathogenic. The variant was absent in public databases and in 180 population-matched controls. A novel genetic variant in the TP53BP2 gene was identified in a family with POAG. Interestingly, it has previously been demonstrated that the gene regulates apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells. This supports that the TP53BP2 variant may represent the cause of POAG in this family. Additional screening of the gene in patients with POAG from different populations is required to confirm its involvement in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Micheal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole T M Saksens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Barend F Hogewind
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. .,Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Genetic variants associated with primary open angle glaucoma in Indian population. Genomics 2017; 109:27-35. [PMID: 27851990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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66
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Su HA, Li SY, Yang JJ, Yen YC. An Application of NGS for WDR36 Gene in Taiwanese Patients with Juvenile-Onset Open-Angle Glaucoma. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:1251-1256. [PMID: 29104481 PMCID: PMC5666558 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.20729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the most important disease in ophthalmology with high prevalence and risk of irreversible blindness. If diagnosed before the age of 35, it is usually categorized as juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG). The WDR36 gene is reckoned as one of the major causative genes of POAG, and had been studied to be related to the pathogenesis of POAG in the literature. We have selected 61 JOAG patients and 61 JOAG-free individuals, and by next-generation sequencing method, the WDR36 gene of the subjects were analyzed. We identified 26 variations exclusively in JOAG group. Among these 26 variations, there were 3 noteworthy variations. First, a novel variation c.460-650A>G was found in our study which might cause premature termination of splicing of the conserved domain in WDR36; second, c.1494+1111G>T (rs13178997) had significantly different frequency in our JOAG patients compared to the reference frequency on NCBI; third, a variation c.710+30C>T (rs10038177) was found in our study, which had already been reported to be related to high-pressure glaucoma. We offer the profile of WDR36 in JOAG in Taiwan population, and we suggest that WDR36 gene is involved in the pathogenesis of JOAG as a subordinate modifier gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-An Su
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shuan-Yow Li
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jou Yang
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Yen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liou-Ying, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Min Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
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67
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Minegishi Y, Nakayama M, Iejima D, Kawase K, Iwata T. Significance of optineurin mutations in glaucoma and other diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 55:149-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mookherjee S, Banerjee D, Chakraborty S, Mukhopadhyay I, Sen A, Ray K. Evaluation of the IL1 Gene Cluster Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Pathogenesis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:633-636. [PMID: 27533638 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Dysregulation of the immune system has previously been implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the potential association of SNPs in the IL1 gene cluster, consisting of nine genes, with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) cases. These cases presented with low to normal intraocular pressures (<20 mmHg), and are referred to as non-high tension glaucoma (non-HTG) cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this biphasic study, the discovery phase was conducted with 198 non-HTG cases and 112 controls from eastern India. A total of 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the IL1 nine-gene cluster region were genotyped using the MALDI-TOF based Sequenom platform. SNPs, which were found to be significantly associated with non-HTG cases in the first phase of the study, were further genotyped by Sanger sequencing in a replication cohort consisting of 194 non-HTG cases and 242 controls. RESULTS In the discovery phase, two nonsynonymous SNPs (rs3811046 and rs3811047), located in the IL1F7 gene and in an intergenic region, respectively were found to be weakly associated with non-HTG cases. However, the association was not sustained in the replication cohort. CONCLUSION Our study did not reveal any reproducible association of SNPs in the IL1 gene cluster with POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suddhasil Mookherjee
- 1 Molecular & Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , Kolkata, India
| | - Deblina Banerjee
- 1 Molecular & Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadip Chakraborty
- 1 Molecular & Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Kunal Ray
- 1 Molecular & Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , Kolkata, India
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Park J, Kim M, Park CK, Chae H, Lee S, Kim Y, Jang W, Chi HY, Park HYL, Park SH. Molecular analysis of myocilin and optineurin genes in Korean primary glaucoma patients. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2439-48. [PMID: 27485216 PMCID: PMC4991756 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the underlying genetic influences of primary glaucoma in Korea, molecular analysis was performed in 112 sporadic cases, and results compared with healthy controls. The myocilin (MYOC) and optineurin (OPTN) genes were directly sequenced in 112 unrelated patients, including 17 with primary open-angle glaucoma, 19 with juvenile open-angle glaucoma, and 76 with normal tension glaucoma. Healthy unrelated Korean individuals (n=100) were used as the non-selected population control. A total of three MYOC and four OPTN variants potentially associated with primary glaucoma were identified in 4 and 18 patients, respectively. A novel variant of MYOC, p.Leu255Pro, was predicted to be potentially pathogenic by in silico analysis. Another, p.Thr353Ile, has been previously reported. These two missense variants were detected in patients with a family history of glaucoma. Combined heterozygous variants p.[Thr123=;Ile288=] were identified in 2 of 112 (2%) patients but not in healthy controls. Among OPTN variants, a novel variant p.Arg271Cys was identified. Homozygous p.[Thr34=;Thr34=] (4/112, 4%), homozygous p.[Met98Lys;Met98Lys] (4/112, 4%), or combined heterozygous p.[Thr34=;Arg545Gln] (9/112, 8%) was significantly associated with the development of primary glaucoma [odds ratio (OR)=8.768, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.972–38.988; relative risk=1.818, 95% CI=1.473–2.244; P=0.001]. The present study provides insight into the genetic or haplotype variants of MYOC and OPTN genes contributing to primary glaucoma. Haplotype variants identified in the present study may be regarded as potential contributing factors of primary glaucoma in Korea. Further studies, including those on additional genes, are required to elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanism using a larger cohort to provide additional statistical power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Kee Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungok Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Chi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samkwang Medical Laboratories, Seoul 06742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Young Lopilly Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hae Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Kader MA, Namburi P, Ramugade S, Ramakrishnan R, Krishnadas SR, Roos BR, Periasamy S, Robin AL, Fingert JH. Clinical and genetic characterization of a large primary open angle glaucoma pedigree. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 38:222-225. [PMID: 27355837 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2016.1193883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To both characterize the clinical features of large primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) pedigree from a village in southern India and to investigate the genetic basis of their disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four members of a large pedigree received complete eye examinations including slit lamp examination, tonometry, gonioscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. Some were further studied with perimetry. Those diagnosed with POAG were tested for disease-causing mutations in the myocilin and optineurin genes with Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Fourteen of 84 family members were diagnosed with POAG, while eight were clinically judged to be POAG-suspects. The family structure and the pattern of glaucoma in the pedigree are complex. Features of glaucoma in this pedigree include relatively early age at diagnosis (mean 50 ± 14 years) and maximum intraocular pressures ranging from 14 to 36 mm Hg with a mean of 23 mm Hg ± 6.5 mm Hg. Patients had an average central corneal thickness (mean 529 ± 37.8 microns) and moderate cup-to-disc ratios (0.74 ± 0.14). No mutations were detected in myocilin, optineurin, or TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1). CONCLUSIONS We report a five-generation pedigree with a complex pattern of POAG inheritance that includes 22 POAG patients and glaucoma suspects. Although the familial clustering of POAG in this pedigree is consistent with dominant inheritance of a glaucoma-causing gene, mutations were not detected in genes previously associated with autosomal dominant glaucoma, suggesting the involvement of a novel disease-causing gene in this pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohideen Abdul Kader
- a Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India.,b Glaucoma Clinic , Aravind Eye Hospital , Tirunelveli , India
| | - Prasanthi Namburi
- c Department of Ophthalmology , Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Sarika Ramugade
- a Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India
| | - R Ramakrishnan
- a Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India.,b Glaucoma Clinic , Aravind Eye Hospital , Tirunelveli , India
| | - Subbiah R Krishnadas
- a Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India.,d Glaucoma Clinic , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India
| | - Ben R Roos
- e Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA.,f Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA
| | - Sundaresan Periasamy
- a Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation , Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India
| | - Alan L Robin
- g Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.,h Department of Ophthalmology , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - John H Fingert
- e Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA.,f Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA
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71
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Doucette LP, Walter MA. Prostaglandins in the eye: Function, expression, and roles in glaucoma. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 38:108-116. [PMID: 27070211 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2016.1164193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandins are small pro-inflammatory molecules derived from arachidonic acid that play roles in a multitude of biological processes including, but not limited to, inflammation, pain modulation, allergies, and bone formation. Prostaglandin analogues are the front-line medications for the treatment of glaucoma, a condition resulting in blindness due to the death of retinal ganglion cells. These drugs act by lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), a major risk factor for glaucoma. The currently used prostaglandin analogues (latanoprost, bimatoprost, tafluprost, and travoprost) mimic PGF2 and target one of the prostaglandin receptors (FP), though research into harnessing the other receptors using compounds like Sulprostone (EP3 receptor), or Iloprost (IP receptor) are currently ongoing. In this review, we summarize the research into each of the prostaglandin molecules (PGD2, PGE2, PGF2, PGI2, TXA2) and their respective receptors (DP, EP1, 2, 3, 4, FP, IP). We examine the modes of action of each of these receptors, their expression, their role in aqueous humour production and outflow within the eye, as well as their roles as medications for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance P Doucette
- a Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada
| | - Michael A Walter
- a Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada
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72
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Kumar S, Malik MA, Goswami S, Sihota R, Kaur J. Candidate genes involved in the susceptibility of primary open angle glaucoma. Gene 2016; 577:119-31. [PMID: 26621382 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Micheal S, Ayub H, Islam F, Siddiqui SN, Khan WA, Akhtar F, Qamar R, Khan MI, den Hollander AI. Variants in the ASB10 Gene Are Associated with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145005. [PMID: 26713451 PMCID: PMC4695091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently nonsynonymous coding variants in the ankyrin repeats and suppressor of cytokine signaling box-containing protein 10 (ASB10) gene were found to be associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in cohorts from Oregon and Germany, but this finding was not confirmed in an independent cohort from Iowa. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of ASB10 gene variants in Pakistani glaucoma patients. Methods Sanger sequencing of the coding exons and splice junctions of the ASB10 gene was performed in 30 probands of multiplex POAG families, 208 sporadic POAG patients and 151 healthy controls from Pakistan. Genotypic associations of individual variants with POAG were analyzed with the Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test. Results In total 24 variants were identified in POAG probands and sporadic patients, including 11 novel variants and 13 known variants. 13 of the variants were nonsynonymous, 6 were synonymous, and 5 were intronic. Three nonsynonymous variants (p.Arg49Cys, p.Arg237Gly, p.Arg453Cys) identified in the probands were not segregating in the respective families. This is not surprising since glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, and multiple factors are likely to be involved in the disease manifestation in these families. However a nonsynonymous variant, p.Arg453Cys (rs3800791), was found in 6 sporadic POAG patients but not in controls, suggesting that it infers increased risk for the disease. In addition, one synonymous variant was found to be associated with sporadic POAG: p.Ala290Ala and the association of the variant with POAG remained significant after correction for multiple testing (uncorrected p-value 0.002, corrected p-value 0.047). The cumulative burden of rare, nonsynonymous variants was significantly higher in sporadic POAG patients compared to control individuals (p-value 0.000006). Conclusions Variants in ASB10 were found to be significantly associated with sporadic POAG in the Pakistani population. This supports previous findings that sequence variants in the ASB10 gene may act as a risk factor for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Micheal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Humaira Ayub
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farrah Islam
- Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | | | - Wajid Ali Khan
- Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Farah Akhtar
- Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Qamar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Al-Nafees Medical College & Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke I. den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Oliver JAC, Forman OP, Pettitt L, Mellersh CS. Two Independent Mutations in ADAMTS17 Are Associated with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in the Basset Hound and Basset Fauve de Bretagne Breeds of Dog. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140436. [PMID: 26474315 PMCID: PMC4608710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mutations in ADAMTS10 (CFA20) have previously been associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Beagle and Norwegian Elkhound. The closely related gene, ADAMTS17, has also been associated with several different ocular phenotypes in multiple breeds of dog, including primary lens luxation and POAG. We investigated ADAMTS17 as a candidate gene for POAG in the Basset Hound and Basset Fauve de Bretagne dog breeds. Methods We performed ADAMTS17 exon resequencing in three Basset Hounds and three Basset Fauve de Bretagne dogs with POAG. Identified variants were genotyped in additional sample cohorts of both breeds and dogs of other breeds to confirm their association with disease. Results All affected Basset Hounds were homozygous for a 19 bp deletion in exon 2 that alters the reading frame and is predicted to lead to a truncated protein. Fifty clinically unaffected Basset Hounds were genotyped for this mutation and all were either heterozygous or homozygous for the wild type allele. Genotyping of 223 Basset Hounds recruited for a different study revealed a mutation frequency of 0.081 and predicted frequency of affected dogs in the population to be 0.007. Based on the entire genotyping dataset the association statistic for the POAG-associated deletion was p = 1.26 x 10−10. All affected Basset Fauve de Bretagne dogs were homozygous for a missense mutation in exon 11 causing a glycine to serine amino acid substitution (G519S) in the disintegrin-like domain of ADAMTS17 which is predicted to alter protein function. Unaffected Basset Fauve de Bretagne dogs were either heterozygous for the mutation (5/24) or homozygous for the wild type allele (19/24). Based on the entire genotyping dataset the association statistic for the POAG-associated deletion was p = 2.80 x 10−7. Genotyping of 85 dogs of unrelated breeds and 90 dogs of related breeds for this variant was negative. Conclusion This report documents strong associations between two independent ADAMTS17 mutations and POAG in two different dog breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. C. Oliver
- Department of Canine Genetics Research, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Oliver P. Forman
- Department of Canine Genetics Research, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Pettitt
- Department of Canine Genetics Research, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn S. Mellersh
- Department of Canine Genetics Research, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Visual defects affect a large proportion of humanity, have a significant negative impact on quality of life, and cause significant economic burden. The wide variety of visual disorders and the large number of gene mutations responsible require a flexible animal model system to carry out research for possible causes and cures for the blinding conditions. With eyes similar to humans in structure and function, zebrafish are an important vertebrate model organism that is being used to study genetic and environmental eye diseases, including myopia, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, ciliopathies, albinism, and diabetes. This review details the use of zebrafish in modeling human ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Link
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; ,
| | - Ross F Collery
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; ,
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A Glaucoma-Associated Variant of Optineurin, M98K, Activates Tbk1 to Enhance Autophagosome Formation and Retinal Cell Death Dependent on Ser177 Phosphorylation of Optineurin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138289. [PMID: 26376340 PMCID: PMC4574030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain missense mutations in optineurin/OPTN and amplification of TBK1 are associated with normal tension glaucoma. A glaucoma-associated variant of OPTN, M98K, induces autophagic degradation of transferrin receptor (TFRC) and death in retinal cells. Here, we have explored the role of Tbk1 in M98K-OPTN-induced autophagy and cell death, and the effect of Tbk1 overexpression in retinal cells. Cell death induced by M98K-OPTN was dependent on Tbk1 as seen by the effect of Tbk1 knockdown and blocking of Tbk1 activity by a chemical inhibitor. Inhibition of Tbk1 also restores M98K-OPTN-induced transferrin receptor degradation. M98K-OPTN-induced autophagosome formation, autophagy and cell death were dependent on its phosphorylation at S177 by Tbk1. Knockdown of OPTN reduced starvation-induced autophagosome formation. M98K-OPTN expressing cells showed higher levels of Tbk1 activation and enhanced phosphorylation at Ser177 compared to WT-OPTN expressing cells. M98K-OPTN-induced activation of Tbk1 and its ability to be phosphorylated better by Tbk1 was dependent on ubiquitin binding. Phosphorylated M98K-OPTN localized specifically to autophagosomes and endogenous Tbk1 showed increased localization to autophagosomes in M98K-OPTN expressing cells. Overexpression of Tbk1 induced cell death and caspase-3 activation that were dependent on its catalytic activity. Tbk1-induced cell death possibly involves autophagy, as shown by the effect of Atg5 knockdown, and requirement of autophagic function of OPTN. Our results show that phosphorylation of Ser177 plays a crucial role in M98K-OPTN-induced autophagosome formation, autophagy flux and retinal cell death. In addition, we provide evidence for cross talk between two glaucoma associated proteins and their inter-dependence to mediate autophagy-dependent cell death.
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Genes, pathways, and animal models in primary open-angle glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:1285-98. [PMID: 26315706 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and consequently visual field loss. It is a complex and heterogeneous disease in which both environmental and genetic factors play a role. With the advent of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the number of loci associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) have increased greatly. There has also been major progress in understanding the genes determining the vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), disc area (DA), cup area (CA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and central corneal thickness (CCT). In this review, we will update and summarize the genetic loci associated so far with POAG, VCDR, DA, CA, IOP, and CCT. We will describe the pathways revealed and supported by genetic association studies, integrating current knowledge from human and experimental data. Finally, we will discuss approaches for functional genomics and clinical translation.
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HUANG XIAOBO, XIAO XUESHAN, JIA XIAOYUN, LI SHIQIANG, LI MIAOLING, GUO XIANGMING, LIU XING, ZHANG QINGJIONG. Mutation analysis of the genes associated with anterior segment dysgenesis, microcornea and microphthalmia in 257 patients with glaucoma. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1111-7. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Komáromy AM, Petersen-Jones SM. Genetics of Canine Primary Glaucomas. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45:1159-82, v. [PMID: 26277300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary glaucomas are a leading cause of incurable vision loss in dogs. Based on their specific breed predilection, a genetic cause is suspected to be responsible, and affected dogs should be excluded from breeding. Despite the high prevalence of primary glaucomas in dogs, their genetics have been studied in only a small number of breeds. The identification of canine glaucoma disease genes, and the development of genetic tests, will help to avoid the breeding of affected dogs in the future and will allow for earlier diagnosis and potentially more effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- András M Komáromy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D-208, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Simon M Petersen-Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D-208, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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80
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Abstract
Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) is one of the most common types of glaucoma affecting over 15 million individuals worldwide. Family history and ethnicity are strongly associated with the development of the disease, suggesting that one or more genetic factors contribute to PACG. Although strictly heritable disease-causing mutations have not been identified, a number of recent association studies have pointed out genetic factors that appear to contribute to an individual's risk to develop PACG. In addition, genetic factors have been identified that modify PACG endophenotypes for example, axial length. Herein we review the current literature on this important topic.
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Abstract
Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic neuropathies, characterized by the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells related to the level of intraocular pressure and other factors. The exact pathogenesis of glaucoma is not known, and current therapeutic options are not sufficient to prevent or recover vision loss in glaucoma patients. Functional, repeatable, and easy-to-use animal models are therefore needed. Because of their inherent advantages, rodent animals, including mice and rats, have been widely developed as models to study various aspects of glaucoma and to evaluate possible novel therapies. However, no single model has been shown to emulate all aspects of glaucoma. In this review, we discuss currently available rodent animal models of glaucoma, their strengths and weaknesses, and the possible implications for current glaucoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Chen
- From the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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82
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Li Z, Allingham RR, Nakano M, Jia L, Chen Y, Ikeda Y, Mani B, Chen LJ, Kee C, Garway-Heath DF, Sripriya S, Fuse N, Abu-Amero KK, Huang C, Namburi P, Burdon K, Perera SA, Gharahkhani P, Lin Y, Ueno M, Ozaki M, Mizoguchi T, Krishnadas SR, Osman EA, Lee MC, Chan ASY, Tajudin LSA, Do T, Goncalves A, Reynier P, Zhang H, Bourne R, Goh D, Broadway D, Husain R, Negi AK, Su DH, Ho CL, Blanco AA, Leung CKS, Wong TT, Yakub A, Liu Y, Nongpiur ME, Han JC, Hon DN, Shantha B, Zhao B, Sang J, Zhang N, Sato R, Yoshii K, Panda-Jonas S, Ashley Koch AE, Herndon LW, Moroi SE, Challa P, Foo JN, Bei JX, Zeng YX, Simmons CP, Bich Chau TN, Sharmila PF, Chew M, Lim B, Tam POS, Chua E, Ng XY, Yong VHK, Chong YF, Meah WY, Vijayan S, Seongsoo S, Xu W, Teo YY, Cooke Bailey JN, Kang JH, Haines JL, Cheng CY, Saw SM, Tai ES, Richards JE, Ritch R, Gaasterland DE, Pasquale LR, Liu J, Jonas JB, Milea D, George R, Al-Obeidan SA, Mori K, Macgregor S, Hewitt AW, Girkin CA, Zhang M, Sundaresan P, Vijaya L, Mackey DA, Wong TY, Craig JE, Sun X, Kinoshita S, Wiggs JL, Khor CC, Yang Z, Pang CP, Wang N, Hauser MA, Tashiro K, Aung T, Vithana EN. A common variant near TGFBR3 is associated with primary open angle glaucoma. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3880-92. [PMID: 25861811 PMCID: PMC4459396 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a major cause of blindness worldwide, is a complex disease with a significant genetic contribution. We performed Exome Array (Illumina) analysis on 3504 POAG cases and 9746 controls with replication of the most significant findings in 9173 POAG cases and 26 780 controls across 18 collections of Asian, African and European descent. Apart from confirming strong evidence of association at CDKN2B-AS1 (rs2157719 [G], odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, P = 2.81 × 10(-33)), we observed one SNP showing significant association to POAG (CDC7-TGFBR3 rs1192415, ORG-allele = 1.13, Pmeta = 1.60 × 10(-8)). This particular SNP has previously been shown to be strongly associated with optic disc area and vertical cup-to-disc ratio, which are regarded as glaucoma-related quantitative traits. Our study now extends this by directly implicating it in POAG disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Liyun Jia
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical School
| | | | - Baskaran Mani
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changwon Kee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - David F Garway-Heath
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Sarangapani Sripriya
- SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan
| | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Chukai Huang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Prasanthi Namburi
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kathryn Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shamira A Perera
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Lin
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Mineo Ozaki
- Ozaki Eye Hospital, 1-15, Kamezaki, Hyuga, Miyazaki 883-0066, Japan
| | - Takanori Mizoguchi
- Mizoguchi Eye Hospital, 6-13 Tawara-machi, Sasebo, Nagasaki 857-0016, Japan
| | | | - Essam A Osman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anita S Y Chan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liza-Sharmini A Tajudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Tan Do
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Pascal Reynier
- Biochemistry Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rupert Bourne
- Huntingdon Glaucoma Diagnostic & Research Centre, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon, UK
| | - David Goh
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Broadway
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Rahat Husain
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anil K Negi
- Heart of UK NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel H Su
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Lin Ho
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Augusto Azuara Blanco
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher K S Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Azhany Yakub
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Monisha E Nongpiur
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jong Chul Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - Do Nhu Hon
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Bowen Zhao
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Sang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - NiHong Zhang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kengo Yoshii
- Department of Medical Statistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Songhomita Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Leon W Herndon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Pratap Challa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cameron P Simmons
- Clinical Research Unit, Oxford University, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Tran Nguyen Bich Chau
- Clinical Research Unit, Oxford University, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Pansy O S Tam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Wee Yang Meah
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saravanan Vijayan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sohn Seongsoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - Wang Xu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ching Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julia E Richards
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ronnie George
- Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Stuart Macgregor
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher A Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lingam Vijaya
- Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai, China and
| | | | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine,
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,
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83
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Using genetic mouse models to gain insight into glaucoma: Past results and future possibilities. Exp Eye Res 2015; 141:42-56. [PMID: 26116903 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While all forms of glaucoma are characterized by a specific pattern of retinal ganglion cell death, they are clinically divided into several distinct subclasses, including normal tension glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma. For each type of glaucoma there are likely numerous molecular pathways that control susceptibility to the disease. Given this complexity, a single animal model will never precisely model all aspects of all the different types of human glaucoma. Therefore, multiple animal models have been utilized to study glaucoma but more are needed. Because of the powerful genetic tools available to use in the laboratory mouse, it has proven to be a highly useful mammalian system for studying the pathophysiology of human disease. The similarity between human and mouse eyes coupled with the ability to use a combination of advanced cell biological and genetic tools in mice have led to a large increase in the number of studies using mice to model specific glaucoma phenotypes. Over the last decade, numerous new mouse models and genetic tools have emerged, providing important insight into the cell biology and genetics of glaucoma. In this review, we describe available mouse genetic models that can be used to study glaucoma-relevant disease/pathobiology. Furthermore, we discuss how these models have been used to gain insights into ocular hypertension (a major risk factor for glaucoma) and glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell death. Finally, the potential for developing new mouse models and using advanced genetic tools and resources for studying glaucoma are discussed.
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84
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Yang Y, Shi Y, Huang X, Li X, Ye Z, Shuai P, Qu C, Chen R, Xu J, Yang Z, Lu F, Gong B. Identification of a novel MYOC mutation in a Chinese family with primary open-angle glaucoma. Gene 2015; 571:188-93. [PMID: 26095806 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The myocilin (MYOC) gene has been shown to be related to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study was aimed to detect the mutations in MYOC in a Chinese family with POAG. METHODS A family with four members, the parents, a son and a daughter, was enrolled in this study. All members of the family underwent the complete ophthalmologic examinations. Genomic DNA was collected from peripheral blood of all the participants. The coding sequence of MYOC was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS The son, who was the proband of this family, was diagnosed as early-onset POAG in both eyes. His mother was diagnosed as POAG ten years ago. A novel heterozygous missense mutation c.761C<G (p.P254R) in the MYOC gene, was identified as being co-segregated with the phenotype of this family. This mutation was detected in the two affected patients, but not present in the other normal family members or 384 normal controls. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a mutation spectrum of MYOC resulting in POAG development in a Chinese population, which may help to better understand the molecular pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of MYOC-associated POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zimeng Ye
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Xu
- Qunli Surgical Operating Room, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bo Gong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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85
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Suri F, Yazdani S, Elahi E. Glaucoma in iran and contributions of studies in iran to the understanding of the etiology of glaucoma. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2015; 10:68-76. [PMID: 26005556 PMCID: PMC4424722 DOI: 10.4103/2008-322x.156120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic and genetic/molecular research on glaucoma in Iran started within the past decade. A population-based study on the epidemiology of glaucoma in Yazd, a city in central Iran, revealed that 4.4% of studied individuals were affected with glaucoma: 1.6% with high tension primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), 1.6% with normal tension POAG, and 0.4% each with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG), and other types of secondary glaucoma. Two notable observations were the relatively high frequency of normal tension glaucoma cases (1.6%) and the large fraction of glaucoma affected individuals (nearly 90%) who were unaware of their condition. The first and most subsequent genetic studies on glaucoma in Iran were focused on primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) showing that cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is the cause of PCG in the majority of Iranian patients, many different CYP1B1 mutations are present among Iranian patients but only four mutations constitute the vast majority, and the origins of most mutations in the Iranians are identical by descent (IBD) with the same mutations in other populations. Furthermore, most of the PCG patients are from the northern and northwestern provinces of Iran. A statistically significant male predominance of PCG was observed only among patients without CYP1B1 mutations. Clinical investigations on family members of PCG patients revealed that CYP1B1 mutations exhibit variable expressivity, but almost complete penetrance. A great number of individuals harboring CYP1B1 mutations become affected with juvenile onset POAG. Screening of JOAG patients showed that an approximately equal fraction of the patients harbor CYP1B1 and (myocilin) MYOC mutations; MYOC is a well-known adult onset glaucoma causing gene. Presence of CYP1B1 mutations in JOAG patients suggests that in some cases, the two conditions may share a common etiology. Further genetic analysis of Iranian PCG patients led to identification of Latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 2 (LTBP2) as a causative gene for both PCG and several diseases which are often accompanied by glaucomatous presentations, such as Weill-Marchesani syndrome 3 (WMS3). The findings on LTBP2 have contributed to recognize the importance of the extracellular matrix in pathways leading to glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Suri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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86
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A novel truncation mutation in GJA1 associated with open angle glaucoma and microcornea in a large Chinese family. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:972-7. [PMID: 25976645 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify genetic defects in a large family with open angle glaucoma (OAG) and microcornea. METHODS Genomic DNA was prepared from leukocytes of 15 individuals from three generations of a Chinese family, including seven individuals with OAG and microcornea, one with microcornea alone, and seven healthy individuals. Whole exome sequencing was performed on genomic DNA of the proband. Candidate variants were obtained through multiple steps of bioinformatics analysis and validated by Sanger sequencing and segregation analysis. RESULTS Exome sequencing detected a candidate variant in GJA1, a novel truncation mutation (c.791_792delAA, p.K264Ifs*43). This mutation was present in all seven individuals with OAG and microcornea and the individual with microcornea alone, but not in the seven unaffected relatives in the family. It was not present in 1394 alleles from 505 unrelated controls without glaucoma and 192 normal controls. Extraocular signs were not observed in seven out of the eight individuals; only one was affected with dental enamel hypoplasia and syndactyly. CONCLUSIONS A novel truncation mutation in GJA1 is associated with OAG and microcornea in a Chinese family. This suggests that GJA1 should be included as a candidate gene for glaucoma.
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Medina-Trillo C, Sánchez-Sánchez F, Aroca-Aguilar JD, Ferre-Fernández JJ, Morales L, Méndez-Hernández CD, Blanco-Kelly F, Ayuso C, García-Feijoo J, Escribano J. Hypo- and hypermorphic FOXC1 mutations in dominant glaucoma: transactivation and phenotypic variability. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119272. [PMID: 25786029 PMCID: PMC4364892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dominant glaucoma, a heterogeneous, infrequent and irreversible optic neuropathy, is often associated with elevated intraocular pressure and early-onset. The role of FOXC1 in this type of glaucoma was investigated in twelve Spanish probands via nucleotide variation screening of its proximal promoter and unique exon. Functional evaluations of the identified variants included analyses of the transcriptional activity, protein stability, DNA binding ability and subcellular localization. Four different mutations that were identified in four probands (33.3%) were associated with remarkable phenotypic variability and were functionally classified as either hypermorphic (p.Y47X, p.Q106X and p.G447_G448insDG) or hypomorphic (p.I126S) alleles. To the best of our knowledge, three of the variants are novel (p.Y47X, p.I126S and p.G447_G448insDG) and, in addition, hypermorphic FOXC1 mutations are reported herein for the first time. The presence of an intact N-terminal activation domain in the truncated proteins p.Y47X and p.Q106X may underlie their associated transactivation hyperactivity by a gain-of-function mechanism involving dysregulated protein-protein interactions. Similarly, altered molecular interactions may also lead to increased p.G447_G448insDG activity. In contrast, the partial loss-of-function associated with p.I126S was due to impaired protein stability, DNA binding, protein phosphorylation and subcellular distribution. These results support that moderate and variable FOXC1 transactivation changes are associated with moderate goniodysgenesis, dominant glaucoma and remarkable phenotypic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Medina-Trillo
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Sánchez
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Daniel Aroca-Aguilar
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús-José Ferre-Fernández
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Morales
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen-Dora Méndez-Hernández
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Servicio de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Servicio de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián García-Feijoo
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Escribano
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Pathology, Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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88
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Mabuchi F, Sakurada Y, Kashiwagi K, Yamagata Z, Iijima H, Tsukahara S. Involvement of genetic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma in pathogenic mechanisms and family history of glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2015; 159:437-44.e2. [PMID: 25461262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations between the non-intraocular pressure (IOP)-related genetic variants (genetic variants associated with vulnerability of the optic nerve independent of IOP) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), including normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and high-tension glaucoma (HTG), and between the non-IOP-related genetic variants and a family history of glaucoma. DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS Japanese patients with NTG (n = 213) and HTG (n = 212) and 191 control subjects were genotyped for 5 non-IOP-related genetic variants predisposing to POAG near the SRBD1, ELOVL5, CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1, SIX1/SIX6, and ATOH7 genes. The load of these genetic variants was compared between the control subjects and patients with NTG or HTG and between the POAG patients with and without a family history of glaucoma. RESULTS The total number of POAG risk alleles and the product of the odds ratios (POAG risk) of these genetic variants were significantly larger (P < .0025) in patients with both NTG and HTG than in the control subjects, and were significantly larger (P = .0042 and P = .023, respectively) in POAG patients with a family history of glaucoma than in those without. As the number of relatives with glaucoma increased, the total number of risk alleles and the product of the odds ratios increased (P = .012 and P = .047, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Non-IOP-related genetic variants contribute to the pathogenesis of HTG as well as NTG. A positive family history of glaucoma in cases of POAG is thought to reflect the influence of genetic variants predisposing to POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Mabuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Sakurada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shigeo Tsukahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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89
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Williams SEI, Carmichael TR, Allingham RR, Hauser M, Ramsay M. The genetics of POAG in black South Africans: a candidate gene association study. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8378. [PMID: 25669751 PMCID: PMC4323640 DOI: 10.1038/srep08378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple loci have been associated with either primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or heritable ocular quantitative traits associated with this condition. This study examined the association of these loci with POAG, with central corneal thickness (CCT), vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) and with diabetes mellitus in a group of black South Africans (215 POAG cases and 214 controls). The population was homogeneous and distinct from other African and European populations. Single SNPs in the MYOC, COL8A2, COL1A1 and ZNF469 gene regions showed marginal associations with POAG. No association with POAG was identified with tagging SNPs in TMCO1, CAV1/CAV2, CYP1B1, COL1A2, COL5A1, CDKN2B/CDKN2BAS-1, SIX1/SIX6 or the chromosome 2p16 regions and there were no associations with CCT or VCDR. However, SNP rs12522383 in WDR36 was associated with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.00008). This first POAG genetic association study in black South Africans has therefore identified associations that require additional investigation in this and other populations to determine their significance. This highlights the need for larger studies in this population if we are to achieve the goal of facilitating early POAG detection and ultimately preventing irreversible blindness from this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E I Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Trevor R Carmichael
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Michael Hauser
- Duke Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Michele Ramsay
- 1] Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa [2] Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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90
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Doucette LP, Rasnitsyn A, Seifi M, Walter MA. The interactions of genes, age, and environment in glaucoma pathogenesis. Surv Ophthalmol 2015; 60:310-26. [PMID: 25907525 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma, a progressive degenerative condition that results in the death of retinal ganglion cells, is one of the leading causes of blindness, affecting millions worldwide. The mechanisms underlying glaucoma are not well understood, although years of studies have shown that the largest risk factors are elevated intraocular pressure, age, and genetics. Eleven genes and multiple loci have been identified as contributing factors. These genes act by a number of mechanisms, including mechanical stress, ischemic/oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. We summarize the recent advances in the understanding of glaucoma and propose a unified hypothesis for glaucoma pathogenesis. Glaucoma does not result from a single pathological mechanism, but rather a combination of pathways that are influenced by genes, age, and environment. In particular, we hypothesize that, in the presence of genetic risk factors, exposure to environment stresses results in an earlier age of onset for glaucoma. This hypothesis is based upon the overlap of the molecular pathways in which glaucoma genes are involved. Because of the interactions between these processes, it is likely that there are common therapies that may be effective for different subtypes of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance P Doucette
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Genetics, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Alexandra Rasnitsyn
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Genetics, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Morteza Seifi
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Genetics, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael A Walter
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Genetics, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
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91
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Springelkamp H, Iglesias AI, Cuellar-Partida G, Amin N, Burdon KP, van Leeuwen EM, Gharahkhani P, Mishra A, van der Lee SJ, Hewitt AW, Rivadeneira F, Viswanathan AC, Wolfs RCW, Martin NG, Ramdas WD, van Koolwijk LM, Pennell CE, Vingerling JR, Mountain JE, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Mitchell P, Lemij HG, Wang JJ, Klaver CCW, Mackey DA, Craig JE, van Duijn CM, MacGregor S. ARHGEF12 influences the risk of glaucoma by increasing intraocular pressure. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2689-99. [PMID: 25637523 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a blinding disease. Two important risk factors for this disease are a positive family history and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which is also highly heritable. Genes found to date associated with IOP and POAG are ABCA1, CAV1/CAV2, GAS7 and TMCO1. However, these genes explain only a small part of the heritability of IOP and POAG. We performed a genome-wide association study of IOP in the population-based Rotterdam Study I and Rotterdam Study II using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) imputed to 1000 Genomes. In this discovery cohort (n = 8105), we identified a new locus associated with IOP. The most significantly associated SNP was rs58073046 (β = 0.44, P-value = 1.87 × 10(-8), minor allele frequency = 0.12), within the gene ARHGEF12. Independent replication in five population-based studies (n = 7471) resulted in an effect size in the same direction that was significantly associated (β = 0.16, P-value = 0.04). The SNP was also significantly associated with POAG in two independent case-control studies [n = 1225 cases and n = 4117 controls; odds ratio (OR) = 1.53, P-value = 1.99 × 10(-8)], especially with high-tension glaucoma (OR = 1.66, P-value = 2.81 × 10(-9); for normal-tension glaucoma OR = 1.29, P-value = 4.23 × 10(-2)). ARHGEF12 plays an important role in the RhoA/RhoA kinase pathway, which has been implicated in IOP regulation. Furthermore, it binds to ABCA1 and links the ABCA1, CAV1/CAV2 and GAS7 pathway to Mendelian POAG genes (MYOC, OPTN, WDR36). In conclusion, this study identified a novel association between IOP and ARHGEF12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kathryn P Burdon
- School of Medicine, Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Alex W Hewitt
- School of Medicine, Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia, Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2593 CE The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Ananth C Viswanathan
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | | | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | | | | | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2593 CE The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology and Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2593 CE The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hans G Lemij
- Glaucoma Service, The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, 3011 BH Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - David A Mackey
- School of Medicine, Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia and
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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92
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Sakurada Y, Mabuchi F. Advances in glaucoma genetics. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2015; 220:107-26. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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93
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Gong B, Qu C, Li X, Shi Y, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Shuai P, Yang Y, Liu X, Zhang D, Yang Z. Mutation spectrum of CYP1B1 in Chinese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2014; 99:425-30. [PMID: 25527694 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-306054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The CYP1B1 gene has been shown to be related to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study aimed to identify the mutation profile of CYP1B1 in Chinese individuals with POAG. METHODS The study included 416 unrelated cases diagnosed as POAG by standard ophthalmological examinations, and 657 unrelated healthy controls in a Chinese population. Genomic DNA was collected from peripheral blood of all the participants. The coding sequence of CYP1B1 was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA, followed by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS Among 416 patients with POAG, 13 missense mutations, including nine reported mutations and four novel mutations (p.P93S, p.R259C, p.A295T, p.L475P), were detected in 25 patients. All these mutations were found as heterozygotes and the reported mutations have been previously found in primary congenital glaucoma and/or POAG patients. Three of them (p.L107V, p.E229K, p.V320L) were also found in healthy controls. In addition, six previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (p.R48G, p.A119S, p.V243V, p.V432L, p.D449D, p.N453S) were also observed in POAG patients and controls, and they showed no obvious frequency difference between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a mutation spectrum of CYP1B1 resulting in POAG development in a Chinese population, which may demonstrate an involvement of the gene in a proportion of subjects with POAG and help to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of CYP1B1-associated POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gong
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Qu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Yang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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94
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Liu Y, Garrett ME, Yaspan BL, Bailey JC, Loomis SJ, Brilliant M, Budenz DL, Christen WG, Fingert JH, Gaasterland D, Gaasterland T, Kang JH, Lee RK, Lichter P, Moroi SE, Realini A, Richards JE, Schuman JS, Scott WK, Singh K, Sit AJ, Vollrath D, Weinreb R, Wollstein G, Zack DJ, Zhang K, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL, Pasquale LR, Wiggs JL, Allingham RR, Ashley-Koch AE, Hauser MA. DNA copy number variants of known glaucoma genes in relation to primary open-angle glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:8251-8. [PMID: 25414181 PMCID: PMC4271633 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the role of DNA copy number variants (CNVs) of known glaucoma genes in relation to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS Our study included DNA samples from two studies (NEIGHBOR and GLAUGEN). All the samples were genotyped with the Illumina Human660W_Quad_v1 BeadChip. After removing non-blood-derived and amplified DNA samples, we applied quality control steps based on the mean Log R Ratio and the mean B allele frequency. Subsequently, data from 3057 DNA samples (1599 cases and 1458 controls) were analyzed with PennCNV software. We defined CNVs as those ≥5 kilobases (kb) in size and interrogated by ≥5 consecutive probes. We further limited our investigation to CNVs in known POAG-related genes, including CDKN2B-AS1, TMCO1, SIX1/SIX6, CAV1/CAV2, the LRP12-ZFPM2 region, GAS7, ATOH7, FNDC3B, CYP1B1, MYOC, OPTN, WDR36, SRBD1, TBK1, and GALC. RESULTS Genomic duplications of CDKN2B-AS1 and TMCO1 were each found in a single case. Two cases carried duplications in the GAS7 region. Genomic deletions of SIX6 and ATOH7 were each identified in one case. One case carried a TBK1 deletion and another case carried a TBK1 duplication. No controls had duplications or deletions in these six genes. A single control had a duplication in the MYOC region. Deletions of GALC were observed in five cases and two controls. CONCLUSIONS The CNV analysis of a large set of cases and controls revealed the presence of rare CNVs in known POAG susceptibility genes. Our data suggest that these rare CNVs may contribute to POAG pathogenesis and merit functional evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Melanie E. Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Jessica Cooke Bailey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Loomis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Murray Brilliant
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Donald L. Budenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - William G. Christen
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John H. Fingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | | | - Terry Gaasterland
- Scripps Genome Center, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Jae H. Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Richard K. Lee
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Paul Lichter
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Sayoko E. Moroi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Anthony Realini
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University Eye Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Julia E. Richards
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Joel S. Schuman
- Department of Ophthalmology, UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - William K. Scott
- Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Kuldev Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Arthur J. Sit
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Douglas Vollrath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Robert Weinreb
- Department of Ophthalmology and Hamilton Glaucoma Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Gadi Wollstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Donald J. Zack
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Kang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Hamilton Glaucoma Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
- Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Louis R. Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - R. Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Allison E. Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Michael A. Hauser
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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95
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Ahonen SJ, Kaukonen M, Nussdorfer FD, Harman CD, Komáromy AM, Lohi H. A novel missense mutation in ADAMTS10 in Norwegian Elkhound primary glaucoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111941. [PMID: 25372548 PMCID: PMC4221187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary glaucoma is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness both in humans and in dogs. Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy affecting the retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve, and elevated intraocular pressure is commonly associated with the disease. Glaucoma is broadly classified into primary open angle (POAG), primary closed angle (PCAG) and primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Human glaucomas are genetically heterogeneous and multiple loci have been identified. Glaucoma affects several dog breeds but only three loci and one gene have been implicated so far. We have investigated the genetics of primary glaucoma in the Norwegian Elkhound (NE). We established a small pedigree around the affected NEs collected from Finland, US and UK and performed a genome-wide association study with 9 cases and 8 controls to map the glaucoma gene to 750 kb region on canine chromosome 20 (praw = 4.93×10−6, pgenome = 0.025). The associated region contains a previously identified glaucoma gene, ADAMTS10, which was subjected to mutation screening in the coding regions. A fully segregating missense mutation (p.A387T) in exon 9 was found in 14 cases and 572 unaffected NEs (pFisher = 3.5×10−27) with a high carrier frequency (25.3%). The mutation interrupts a highly conserved residue in the metalloprotease domain of ADAMTS10, likely affecting its functional capacity. Our study identifies the genetic cause of primary glaucoma in NEs and enables the development of a genetic test for breeding purposes. This study establishes also a new spontaneous canine model for glaucoma research to study the ADAMTS10 biology in optical neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saija J. Ahonen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Kaukonen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Forrest D. Nussdorfer
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christine D. Harman
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - András M. Komáromy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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96
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Heterozygote Wdr36-deficient mice do not develop glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2014; 128:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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97
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Williams SEI, Carmichael TR, Wainstein T, Hobbs A, Ramsay M. MYOCMutations in Black South African Patients with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: Genetic Testing and Cascade Screening. Ophthalmic Genet 2014; 36:31-8. [DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2014.972520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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98
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Aga M, Bradley JM, Wanchu R, Yang YF, Acott TS, Keller KE. Differential effects of caveolin-1 and -2 knockdown on aqueous outflow and altered extracellular matrix turnover in caveolin-silenced trabecular meshwork cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:5497-509. [PMID: 25103269 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified between caveolin-1 (CAV1) and caveolin-2 (CAV2) on chromosome 7 is associated with glaucoma. One function of CAVs is endocytosis and recycling of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Here, we generated CAV-silencing lentivirus to evaluate the effects on ECM turnover by trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and to measure the effect on outflow facility in anterior segment perfusion culture. METHODS Short hairpin CAV1 and CAV2 silencing and control lentivirus were generated, characterized, and applied to anterior segments in perfusion culture. Colocalization of CAVs with various ECM molecules in TM cells was investigated using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Western immunoblotting and fluorogenic-based enzyme activity assays were used to investigate ECM protein levels and degradation, respectively. RESULTS Endogenous CAVs colocalized with cortactin at podosome- or invadopodia-like structures (PILS), which are areas of focal ECM degradation. In perfusion culture, outflow rates increased significantly in CAV1-silenced anterior segments, whereas outflow significantly decreased in CAV2-silenced anterior segments. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP14, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS4) colocalized with both CAVs in TM cells. Protein levels and enzyme activities of MMP/ADAMTS4, fibronectin protein levels, actin stress fibers, and α-smooth muscle actin were all increased in CAV-silenced cells. CONCLUSIONS Caveolin-mediated endocytosis is one mechanism by which TM cells can alter the physiological catabolism of ECM in order to change the composition of the outflow channels in the TM to regulate aqueous outflow resistance. Dysregulation of CAV function could contribute to the pathological changes in ECM that are observed in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini Aga
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - John M Bradley
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Rohan Wanchu
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Yong-feng Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Ted S Acott
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Kate E Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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99
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Salem TI, Abdullah OA, Abdulhamid AM. Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II Gene in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and its Effect on Treatment. INT J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.328.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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100
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Crawford A, Souzeau E, Agar A, Ridge B, Dubowsky A, Burdon KP, Craig JE. Identification of a novel MYOC mutation, p.(Trp373*), in a family with open angle glaucoma. Gene 2014; 545:271-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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