51
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Hoter A, Naim HY. The Functions and Therapeutic Potential of Heat Shock Proteins in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215331. [PMID: 31717769 PMCID: PMC6862201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial human intestinal disease that arises from numerous, yet incompletely defined, factors. Two main forms, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), lead to a chronic pathological form. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress-responsive molecules involved in various pathophysiological processes. Several lines of evidence link the expression of HSPs to the development and prognosis of IBD. HSP90, HSP70 and HSP60 have been reported to contribute to IBD in different aspects. Moreover, induction and/or targeted inhibition of specific HSPs have been suggested to ameliorate the disease consequences. In the present review, we shed the light on the role of HSPs in IBD and their targeting to prevent further disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Hoter
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt or
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hassan Y. Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-953-8780; Fax: +49-511-953-8585
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52
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Functional redundancy of HSPA1, HSPA2 and other HSPA proteins in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); an implication for NSCLC treatment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14394. [PMID: 31591429 PMCID: PMC6779912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50840-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a large group of chaperones considered critical for maintaining cellular proteostasis. Their aberrant expression in tumors can modulate the course of processes defined as hallmarks of cancer. Previously, we showed that both stress-inducible HSPA1 and testis-enriched HSPA2, highly homologous members of the HSPA (HSP70) family, are often overexpressed in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). HSPA1 is among the best characterized cancer-related chaperones, while the significance of HSPA2 for cancer remains poorly understood. Previously we found that in primary NSCLC, HSPA1 was associated with good prognosis while HSPA2 correlated with bad prognosis, suggesting possible different roles of these proteins in cancer. Therefore, in this work we investigated the impact of HSPA1 and HSPA2 on NSCLC cell phenotype. We found that neither paralog-selective nor simultaneous knockdown of HSPA1 and HSPA2 gene expression reduced growth and chemoresistance of NSCLC cells. Only blocking of HSPA proteins using pan-HSPA inhibitors, VER-155008 or JG-98, exerted potent anticancer effect on NSCLC cells, albeit the final outcome was cell type-dependent. Pan-HSPA inhibition sensitized NSCLC cells to bortezomib, but not to platinum derivates. Our result suggests the inhibitors of proteasome and HSPAs seem an effective drug combination for pre-clinical development in highly aggressive NSCLC.
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53
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Heat Shock Proteins Are Essential Components in Transformation and Tumor Progression: Cancer Cell Intrinsic Pathways and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184507. [PMID: 31514477 PMCID: PMC6769451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis is switched on in a remarkably wide range of tumor cells, in both experimental animal systems and in human cancer, in which these proteins accumulate in high levels. In each case, elevated HSP concentrations bode ill for the patient, and are associated with a poor outlook in terms of survival in most cancer types. The significance of elevated HSPs is underpinned by their essential roles in mediating tumor cell intrinsic traits such as unscheduled cell division, escape from programmed cell death and senescence, de novo angiogenesis, and increased invasion and metastasis. An increased HSP expression thus seems essential for tumorigenesis. Perhaps of equal significance is the pronounced interplay between cancer cells and the tumor milieu, with essential roles for intracellular HSPs in the properties of the stromal cells, and their roles in programming malignant cells and in the release of HSPs from cancer cells to influence the behavior of the adjacent tumor and infiltrating the normal cells. These findings of a triple role for elevated HSP expression in tumorigenesis strongly support the targeting of HSPs in cancer, especially given the role of such stress proteins in resistance to conventional therapies.
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54
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Dukay B, Csoboz B, Tóth ME. Heat-Shock Proteins in Neuroinflammation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:920. [PMID: 31507418 PMCID: PMC6718606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat-shock response, one of the main pro-survival mechanisms of a living organism, has evolved as the biochemical response of cells to cope with heat stress. The most well-characterized aspect of the heat-shock response is the accumulation of a conserved set of proteins termed heat-shock proteins (HSPs). HSPs are key players in protein homeostasis acting as chaperones by aiding the folding and assembly of nascent proteins and protecting against protein aggregation. HSPs have been associated with neurological diseases in the context of their chaperone activity, as they were found to suppress the aggregation of misfolded toxic proteins. In recent times, HSPs have proven to have functions apart from the classical molecular chaperoning in that they play a role in a wider scale of neurological disorders by modulating neuronal survival, inflammation, and disease-specific signaling processes. HSPs are gaining importance based on their ability to fine-tune inflammation and act as immune modulators in various bodily fluids. However, their effect on neuroinflammation processes is not yet fully understood. In this review, we summarize the role of neuroinflammation in acute and chronic pathological conditions affecting the brain. Moreover, we seek to explore the existing literature on HSP-mediated inflammatory function within the central nervous system and compare the function of these proteins when they are localized intracellularly compared to being present in the extracellular milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Dukay
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.,Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bálint Csoboz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Melinda E Tóth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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55
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Hoter A, Rizk S, Naim HY. The Multiple Roles and Therapeutic Potential of Molecular Chaperones in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081194. [PMID: 31426412 PMCID: PMC6721600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer types in men worldwide. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that are widely implicated in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of many cancers. The role of HSPs in PCa is complex and their expression has been linked to the progression and aggressiveness of the tumor. Prominent chaperones, including HSP90 and HSP70, are involved in the folding and trafficking of critical cancer-related proteins. Other members of HSPs, including HSP27 and HSP60, have been considered as promising biomarkers, similar to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), for PCa screening in order to evaluate and monitor the progression or recurrence of the disease. Moreover, expression level of chaperones like clusterin has been shown to correlate directly with the prostate tumor grade. Hence, targeting HSPs in PCa has been suggested as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In the current review, we discuss the functions as well as the role of HSPs in PCa progression and further evaluate the approach of inhibiting HSPs as a cancer treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Hoter
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Rizk
- School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Y Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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56
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Önay Uçar E, Şengelen A. Resveratrol and siRNA in combination reduces Hsp27 expression and induces caspase-3 activity in human glioblastoma cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:763-775. [PMID: 31073903 PMCID: PMC6629732 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GBM cells can easily gain resistance to conventional therapy, and therefore treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is difficult. One of the hallmark proteins known to be responsible for this resistance is heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) which has a key role in the cell survival. Resveratrol, a natural compound, exhibits antitumor effects against GBM, but there are no reports regarding its effect on Hsp27 expression in gliomas. The aim of the present study was to asses the effect of resveratrol on Hsp27 expression and apoptosis in non-transfected and transfected U-87 MG human glioblastoma cells. In order to block the Hsp27 expression, siRNA transfection was performed. Non-transfected and transfected cells were treated with either 10 or 15 μM resveratrol. The effects of resveratrol were compared with quercetin, a well-known Hsp27 inhibitor. Resveratrol was found to induce apoptosis more effectively than quercetin. Our data showed that resveratrol induces dose- and time-dependent cell death. We also determined that silencing of Hsp27 with siRNA makes the cells more vulnerable to apoptosis upon resveratrol treatment. The highest effect was observed in the 15 μM resveratrol and 25 nM siRNA combination group (suppressed Hsp27 expression by 93.4% and induced apoptosis by 101.2%). This study is the first report showing that resveratrol reduces Hsp27 levels, and siRNA-mediated Hsp27 silencing enhances the therapeutic effects of resveratrol in glioma cells. Our results suggest that resveratrol administration in combination with Hsp27 silencing has a potential to be used as a candidate for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Önay Uçar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aslıhan Şengelen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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57
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Zhu L, Altman MB, Laszlo A, Straube W, Zoberi I, Hallahan DE, Chen H. Ultrasound Hyperthermia Technology for Radiosensitization. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:1025-1043. [PMID: 30773377 PMCID: PMC6475527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermia therapy (HT) raises tissue temperature to 40-45°C for up to 60 min. Hyperthermia is one of the most potent sensitizers of radiation therapy (RT). Ultrasound-mediated HT for radiosensitization has been used clinically since the 1960s. Recently, magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU), which has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for thermal ablation therapy, has been adapted for HT. With emerging clinical trials using MRgHIFU HT for radiosensitization, there is a pressing need to review the ultrasound HT technology. The objective of this review is to overview existing HT technology, summarize available ultrasound HT devices, evaluate clinical studies combining ultrasound HT with RT and discuss challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael B Altman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrei Laszlo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - William Straube
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Imran Zoberi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dennis E Hallahan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
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58
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Galigniana MD. HSP90-Based Heterocomplex as Essential Regulator for Cancer Disease. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019:19-45. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23158-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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59
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Lei YMM, Jianquan ZMD, Jianguo SMM, Hang ZMM, Zongping DMM, Jianming ZP. The Significance of Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression in Benign Thyroid Nodules During Thermal Ablation. ADVANCED ULTRASOUND IN DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.37015/audt.2019.190817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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60
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Oncogenic Metabolism Acts as a Prerequisite Step for Induction of Cancer Metastasis and Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1027453. [PMID: 30671168 PMCID: PMC6323533 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1027453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major obstacle to the efficient and successful treatment of cancer. Initiation of metastasis requires epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that is regulated by several transcription factors, including Snail and ZEB1/2. EMT is closely linked to the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and chemoresistance, which contribute to tumor malignancy. Tumor suppressor p53 inhibits EMT and metastasis by negatively regulating several EMT-inducing transcription factors and regulatory molecules; thus, its inhibition is crucial in EMT, invasion, metastasis, and stemness. Metabolic alterations are another hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells are more dependent on glycolysis than on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for their energy production, even in the presence of oxygen. Cancer cells enhance other oncogenic metabolic pathways, such as glutamine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by the activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors that contribute to tumor progression. Oncogenic metabolism has been recently linked closely with the induction of EMT or CSC phenotypes by the induction of several metabolic enzyme genes. In addition, several transcription factors and molecules involved in EMT or CSCs, including Snail, Dlx-2, HIF-1α, STAT3, TGF-β, Wnt, and Akt, regulate oncogenic metabolism. Moreover, p53 induces metabolic change by directly regulating several metabolic enzymes. The collective data indicate the importance of oncogenic metabolism in the regulation of EMT, cell invasion and metastasis, and adoption of the CSC phenotype, which all contribute to malignant transformation and tumor development. In this review, we highlight the oncogenic metabolism as a key regulator of EMT and CSC, which is related with tumor progression involving metastasis and chemoresistance. Targeting oncometabolism might be a promising strategy for the development of effective anticancer therapy.
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61
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Dependence of HSP27 cellular level on protein kinase CK2 discloses novel therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2902-2910. [PMID: 30279146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HSP27 plays a role in various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia, and atherosclerosis. It is particularly important in the regulation of the development, progression and metastasis of cancer as well as cell apoptosis and drug resistance. However, the absence of an ATP binding domain, that is, instead, present in other HSPs such as HSP90 and HSP70, hampers the development of small molecules as inhibitors of HSP27. METHODS Knockout cell lines generated by Crispr/Cas9 gene editing tool, specific kinase inhibitors and siRNA transfections were exploited to demonstrate that the expression of HSP27 is dependent on the integrity/activity of protein kinase CK2 holoenzyme. The interaction between these proteins has been confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and by density gradient separation of protein complexes. Finally, using a proliferation assay this study demonstrates the potential efficacy of a combinatory therapy of heath shock and CK2 inhibitors in cancer treatment. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that CK2 is able to regulate HSP27 turnover by affecting the expression of its ubiquitin ligase SMURF2 (Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 2). Moreover, for the first time we show an increased sensitivity of CK2-inhibited tumour cells to hyperthermia treatment. CONCLUSION Being HSP27 involved in several pathological conditions, including protein conformational diseases (i.e Cystic Fibrosis) and cancer, the need of drugs to modulate its activity is growing and CK2-targeting could represent a new strategy to reduce cellular HSP27 level. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies CK2 as a molecular target to control HSP27 cellular expression.
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62
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Rumjanek FD. Osmolyte Induced Tumorigenesis and Metastasis: Interactions With Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Front Oncol 2018; 8:353. [PMID: 30234016 PMCID: PMC6127622 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of a great deal of work, the biochemical mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and metastasis are not yet fully understood. Specifically regarding metastasis many authors consider that malignancy is caused by the accumulation of mutations. However, evidence is gathering to show that tumors are composed of heterogeneous cell populations subjected to selective pressures. In this micro evolutionary scenario, intra- and extra-cellular selective pressures will determine which subpopulations of tumor cells will thrive and be able to dissociate from the tumor as autonomous metastatic cells. We propose here that alteration of conformations of transcription factors confer novel non-canonical functions that may induce oncogenesis and metastasis in a mutation independent manner. We argue that the functional plasticity of transcription factors is due to intrinsically disordered domains (IDRs) of proteins. IDRs prevent spontaneous folding of proteins into well-defined three-dimensional structures. Because most transcription factors contain IDRs, each could potentially interact with many ligands. This high degree of functional pleiotropy would then be ultimately responsible for the metastatic phenotype. The conformations of proteins can be altered by chemical chaperones collectively known as osmolytes. Osmolytes are small organic molecules permeable through biological membranes that can accumulate in cells, increase the thermodynamic stability of proteins, modulate enzyme activity and prevent protein aggregation. Thus, by modifying IDRs, osmolytes could subvert the homeostatic regulatory network of cells. Untargeted metabolomic analysis of oral cancer cells showed that those with the greatest metastatic potential contained several osmolytes that were absent in the non-metastatic cells. We hypothesize that high concentrations of osmolytes might promote conformational alterations of transcription factors that favor metastatic behavior. This hypothesis is eminently testable by investigating whether: (a) the intracellular microenvironment of metastatic cells differs from non-metastatic cells and whether osmolytes are responsible for this change and (b) high intracellular concentrations of osmolytes are sufficient to induce structural modifications in regulatory protein so as to establish novel interactive networks that will constitute the metastatic phenotype. Synthetic cell penetrating peptides mimicking IDRs could act as sensitive probes. By exposing the peptides to the microenvironments of living tumor and metastatic tumor cells one should be able to compare the chemical shifts as revealed by spectra obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin D Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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63
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LRP1 is required for novobiocin-mediated fibronectin turnover. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11438. [PMID: 30061663 PMCID: PMC6065439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) plays a major role in the stability and organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We have previously demonstrated that FN interacts directly with Hsp90, as well as showing that the Hsp90 inhibitor novobiocin results in FN turnover via a receptor mediated process. However, the receptor involved has not been previously identified. LRP1 is a ubiquitous receptor responsible for the internalisation of numerous ligands that binds both Hsp90 and FN, and therefore we investigated whether LRP1 was involved in novobiocin-mediated FN turnover. FN, LRP1 and Hsp90 could be isolated in a common complex, and inhibition of Hsp90 by novobiocin increased the colocalisation of FN and LRP1. Novobiocin induced an increase (at low concentrations) followed by a loss of FN that was primarily derived from extracellular matrix-associated FN and led to a concomitant increase in intracellular FN. The effect of novobiocin was specific to LRP1-expressing cells and could be recapitulated by an LRP1 blocking antibody and the allosteric C-terminal Hsp90 inhibitor SM253, but not the N-terminal inhibitor geldanamycin. Together these data suggest that LRP1 is required for FN turnover in response to Hsp90 inhibition by novobiocin, which may have unintended physiological consequences in contexts where C-terminal Hsp90 inhibition is to be used therapeutically.
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64
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Edkins AL, Price JT, Pockley AG, Blatch GL. Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2016.0521. [PMID: 29203706 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential to survival as a consequence of their role as molecular chaperones, and play a critical role in maintaining cellular proteostasis by integrating the fundamental processes of protein folding and degradation. HSPs are arguably among the most prominent classes of proteins that have been broadly linked to many human disorders, with changes in their expression profile and/or intracellular/extracellular location now being described as contributing to the pathogenesis of a number of different diseases. Although the concept was initially controversial, it is now widely accepted that HSPs have additional biological functions over and above their role in proteostasis (so-called 'protein moonlighting'). Most importantly, these new insights are enlightening our understanding of biological processes in health and disease, and revealing novel and exciting therapeutic opportunities. This theme issue draws on therapeutic insights from established research on HSPs in cancer and other non-communicable disorders, with an emphasis on how the intracellular function of HSPs contrasts with their extracellular properties and function, and interrogates their potential diagnostic and therapeutic value to the prevention, management and treatment of chronic diseases.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne L Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - John T Price
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School-Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gregory L Blatch
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa .,Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.,The Vice Chancellery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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65
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Ono K, Eguchi T, Sogawa C, Calderwood SK, Futagawa J, Kasai T, Seno M, Okamoto K, Sasaki A, Kozaki KI. HSP-enriched properties of extracellular vesicles involve survival of metastatic oral cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7350-7362. [PMID: 29768689 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells often secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry heat shock proteins (HSPs) with roles in tumor progression. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) belongs to head and neck cancers (HNC) whose lymph-node-metastases often lead to poor prognosis. We have examined the EV proteome of OSCC cells and found abundant secretion of HSP90-enriched EVs in lymph-node-metastatic OSCC cells. Double knockdown of HSP90α and HSP90β, using small interfering RNA significantly reduced the survival of the metastatic OSCC cells, although single knockdown of each HSP90 was ineffective. Elevated expression of these HSP90 family members was found to correlate with poor prognosis of HNC cases. Thus, elevated HSP90 levels in secreted vesicles are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in metastatic OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisho Ono
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takanori Eguchi
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences/Dental School, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Sogawa
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Stuart K Calderwood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Junya Futagawa
- Department of Biomedical Solution Center, Mitsui Knowledge Industry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonari Kasai
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaharu Seno
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Okamoto
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kozaki
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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66
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Ahmed M, Kumar G, Gourevitch S, Levchenko T, Galun E, Torchilin V, Goldberg SN. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)-induced systemic tumor growth can be reduced by suppression of resultant heat shock proteins. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 34:934-942. [PMID: 29631466 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1462535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the role of hepatic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) heating parameters and their activation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in modulating distant tumor growth. METHODS AND MATERIALS First, to study the effects of RFA dose on distant tumor growth, rats with subcutaneous R3230 adenocarcinoma (10 ± 1 mm) were assigned to 3 different hepatic RF doses (60 °C × 10 min, 70 °C × 5 min or 90 °C × 2 min) that induced identical sized ablation or sham (n = 6/arm). Post-RFA tumor growth rates, cellular proliferation (Ki-67) and microvascular density (MVD) were compared at 7d. Next, the effect of low and high power doses on local HSP70 expression and cellular infiltration (α-SMA + myofibroblasts and CD68 + macrophages), cytokine (IL-6) and growth factor (HGF and VEGF) expression was assessed. Finally, 60 °C × 10 min and 90 °C × 2 min RFA were combined with anti-HSP micellar quercetin (MicQ, 2 mg/ml). A total of 150 animals were used. RESULTS Lower RF heating (70 °C × 5 min and 60 °C × 10 min) resulted in larger distant tumors at 7d (19.2 ± 0.8 mm for both) while higher RF heating (90 °C × 2) led to less distant tumor growth (16.7 ± 1.5 mm, p < .01 for both), though increased over sham (13.5 ± 0.5 mm, p < .01). Ki-67 and MVD correlated with tumor growth (p < .01 for all). Additionally, lower dose 60 °C × 10 min hepatic RFA had more periablational HSP70 compared to 90 °C × 2 min (rim: 1.106 ± 163 µm vs. 360 ± 18 µm, p < .001), with similar trends for periablational α-SMA, CD68 and CDC47 (p < .01 for all). Anti-HSP70 MicQ blocked distant tumor growth for lower dose (60 °C × 10: RF/MicQ 14.6 ± 0.4 mm vs. RF alone: 18.1 ± 0.4 mm, p < .01) and higher dose RFA (90 °C × 2 min: RF/MicQ 14.6 ± 0.5 mm vs. RF alone: 16.4 ± 0.7 mm, p < .01). CONCLUSION Hepatic RF heating parameters alter periablational HSP70, which can influence and stimulate distant tumor growth. Modulation of RF heating parameters alone or in combination with adjuvant HSP inhibition can reduce unwanted, off-target systemic tumorigenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeb Ahmed
- a Laboratory for Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies, Department of Radiology , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- a Laboratory for Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies, Department of Radiology , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Svetlana Gourevitch
- b Division of Image-guided Therapy and Interventional Oncology, Department of Radiology , Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Tatyana Levchenko
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine , Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Eithan Galun
- d Department of Gene Therapy , Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Vladimir Torchilin
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine , Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - S Nahum Goldberg
- a Laboratory for Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies, Department of Radiology , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b Division of Image-guided Therapy and Interventional Oncology, Department of Radiology , Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel.,d Department of Gene Therapy , Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
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Li SC, Kabeer MH. Spatiotemporal switching signals for cancer stem cell activation in pediatric origins of adulthood cancer: Towards a watch-and-wait lifetime strategy for cancer treatment. World J Stem Cells 2018; 10:15-22. [PMID: 29531638 PMCID: PMC5840533 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v10.i2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric origin of cancer stem cell hypothesis holds great promise and potential in adult cancer treatment, however; the road to innovation is full of obstacles as there are plenty of questions left unanswered. First, the key question is to characterize the nature of such stem cells (concept). Second, the quantitative imaging of pediatric stem cells should be implemented (technology). Conceptually, pediatric stem cell origins of adult cancer are based on the notion that plasticity in early life developmental programming evolves local environments to cancer. Technologically, such imaging in children is lacking as all imaging is designed for adult patients. We postulate that the need for quantitative imaging to measure space-time changes of plasticity in early life developmental programming in children may trigger research and development of the imaging technology. Such quantitative imaging of pediatric origin of adulthood cancer will help develop a spatiotemporal monitoring system to determine cancer initiation and progression. Clinical validation of such speculative hypothesis-that cancer originates in a pediatric environment-will help implement a wait-and-watch strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868-3874, United States
| | - Mustafa H Kabeer
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Department of Surgery, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868-3874, United States
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Vilasi S, Bulone D, Caruso Bavisotto C, Campanella C, Marino Gammazza A, San Biagio PL, Cappello F, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL. Chaperonin of Group I: Oligomeric Spectrum and Biochemical and Biological Implications. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 4:99. [PMID: 29423396 PMCID: PMC5788889 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperonins play various physiological roles and can also be pathogenic. Elucidation of their structure, e.g., oligomeric status and post-translational modifications (PTM), is necessary to understand their functions and mechanisms of action in health and disease. Group I chaperonins form tetradecamers with two stacked heptameric rings. The tetradecamer is considered the typical functional complex for folding of client polypeptides. However, other forms such as the monomer and oligomers with smaller number of subunits than the classical tetradecamer, also occur in cells. The properties and functions of the monomer and oligomers, and their roles in chaperonin-associated diseases are still incompletely understood. Chaperonin I in eukaryotes occurs in various locations, not just the mitochondrion, which is its canonical place of residence and function. Eukaryotic Chaperonin I, namely Hsp60 (designated HSP60 or HSPD1 in humans) has, indeed, been found in the cytosol; the plasma-cell membrane; on the outer surface of cells; in the intercellular space; in biological liquids such as lymph, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid; and in secretions, for instance saliva and urine. Hsp60 has also been found in cell-derived vesicles such as exosomes. The functions of Hsp60 in all these non-canonical locales are still poorly characterized and one of the questions not yet answered is in what form, i.e., monomer or oligomer, is the chaperonin present in these non-canonical locations. In view of the steady increase in interest on chaperonopathies over the last several years, we have studied human HSP60 to determine its role in various diseases, its locations in cells and tissues and migrations in the body, and its post-translational modifications that might have an impact on its location and function. We also carried out experiments to characterize the oligomeric status of extramitochondrial of HSP60 in solution. Here, we provide an overview of our results, focusing on the oligomeric equilibrium and stability of the various forms of HSP60 in comparison with GroEL. We also discuss post-translational modifications associated with anti-cancer drugs to indicate the potential of Hsp60 in Medicine, as a biomarker and etiopathogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vilasi
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Bulone
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Campanella
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cappello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alberto J L Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
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