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Bricio-Moreno L, Sheridan VH, Goodhead I, Armstrong S, Wong JKL, Waters EM, Sarsby J, Panagiotou S, Dunn J, Chakraborty A, Fang Y, Griswold KE, Winstanley C, Fothergill JL, Kadioglu A, Neill DR. Evolutionary trade-offs associated with loss of PmrB function in host-adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2635. [PMID: 29980663 PMCID: PMC6035264 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonises the upper airway of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, providing a reservoir of host-adapted genotypes that subsequently establish chronic lung infection. We previously experimentally-evolved P. aeruginosa in a murine model of respiratory tract infection and observed early-acquired mutations in pmrB, encoding the sensor kinase of a two-component system that promoted establishment and persistence of infection. Here, using proteomics, we show downregulation of proteins involved in LPS biosynthesis, antimicrobial resistance and phenazine production in pmrB mutants, and upregulation of proteins involved in adherence, lysozyme resistance and inhibition of the chloride ion channel CFTR, relative to wild-type strain LESB65. Accordingly, pmrB mutants are susceptible to antibiotic treatment but show enhanced adherence to airway epithelial cells, resistance to lysozyme treatment, and downregulate host CFTR expression. We propose that P. aeruginosa pmrB mutations in CF patients are subject to an evolutionary trade-off, leading to enhanced colonisation potential, CFTR inhibition, and resistance to host defences, but also to increased susceptibility to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bricio-Moreno
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Victoria H Sheridan
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Ian Goodhead
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Stuart Armstrong
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Janet K L Wong
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Elaine M Waters
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
- Department of Microbiology, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Joscelyn Sarsby
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Stavros Panagiotou
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - James Dunn
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Adrita Chakraborty
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Yongliang Fang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Karl E Griswold
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Craig Winstanley
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Joanne L Fothergill
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK.
| | - Aras Kadioglu
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Daniel R Neill
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK.
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52
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Magana M, Sereti C, Ioannidis A, Mitchell CA, Ball AR, Magiorkinis E, Chatzipanagiotou S, Hamblin MR, Hadjifrangiskou M, Tegos GP. Options and Limitations in Clinical Investigation of Bacterial Biofilms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00084-16. [PMID: 29618576 PMCID: PMC6056845 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00084-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can form single- and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial biofilm development has received great interest in the past 20 years and is motivated by the elegant complexity characteristic of these multicellular communities and their role in infectious diseases. Biofilms can thrive on virtually any surface and can be beneficial or detrimental based upon the community's interplay and the surface. Advances in the understanding of structural and functional variations and the roles that biofilms play in disease and host-pathogen interactions have been addressed through comprehensive literature searches. In this review article, a synopsis of the methodological landscape of biofilm analysis is provided, including an evaluation of the current trends in methodological research. We deem this worthwhile because a keyword-oriented bibliographical search reveals that less than 5% of the biofilm literature is devoted to methodology. In this report, we (i) summarize current methodologies for biofilm characterization, monitoring, and quantification; (ii) discuss advances in the discovery of effective imaging and sensing tools and modalities; (iii) provide an overview of tailored animal models that assess features of biofilm infections; and (iv) make recommendations defining the most appropriate methodological tools for clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magana
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Sereti
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Thriassio General Hospital, Attiki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Ioannidis
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Athens Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
| | - Courtney A Mitchell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anthony R Ball
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emmanouil Magiorkinis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens-Goudi, Greece
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - George P Tegos
- Gliese 623b, Mendon, Massachusetts, USA
- GAMA Therapeutics LLC, Pepperell, Massachusetts, USA
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53
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Reece E, Doyle S, Greally P, Renwick J, McClean S. Aspergillus fumigatus Inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Co-culture: Implications of a Mutually Antagonistic Relationship on Virulence and Inflammation in the CF Airway. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1205. [PMID: 29922270 PMCID: PMC5996130 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cystic fibrosis (CF) airway infections are considered to be polymicrobial and microbe–microbe interactions may play an important role in disease pathology. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus are the most prevalent bacterial and fungal pathogens isolated from the CF airway, respectively. We have previously shown that patients co-colonized with these pathogens had comparable outcomes to those chronically colonized with P. aeruginosa. Our objective was to examine the interactions between A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa, specifically the effects of co-colonization on biofilm formation, virulence and host pro-inflammatory responses. Our findings suggest that co-infections of A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa in the Galleria mellonella acute infection model showed that pre-exposure of larvae to sub-lethal inocula of A. fumigatus increased the mortality caused by subsequent P. aeruginosa infection. Co-infection of human bronchial epithelial cells (CFBE41o-) with both pathogens did not enhance IL-6 and IL-8 production beyond the levels observed following single infections. In addition, both pathogens stimulated cytokine secretion via the same two mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways, ERK and p38. Mixed species biofilms showed overall reduced biofilm development with crystal violet staining. Quantification by species-specific qPCR revealed that both pathogens had mutually antagonistic effects on each other. A. fumigatus supernatants showed strong anti-Pseudomonal activity and gliotoxin was the main active agent. Gliotoxin resulted in varying levels of anti-biofilm activity toward other bacteria commonly found in the CF airways. Gliotoxin produced by A. fumigatus colonizing the CF airways may have a significant impact on the CF airway microbiome composition with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reece
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin - Trinity Centre for Health Science, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean Doyle
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Peter Greally
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The National Children's Hospital, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julie Renwick
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin - Trinity Centre for Health Science, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhán McClean
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Jeukens J, Kukavica-Ibrulj I, Emond-Rheault JG, Freschi L, Levesque RC. Comparative genomics of a drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa panel and the challenges of antimicrobial resistance prediction from genomes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 364:4056142. [PMID: 28922838 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now recognized as a global threat to human health. The accessibility of microbial whole-genome sequencing offers an invaluable opportunity for resistance surveillance via the resistome, i.e. the genes and mutations underlying AMR. Unfortunately, AMR prediction from genomic data remains extremely challenging, especially for species with a large pan-genome. One such organism, for which multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates are frequently encountered in the clinic, is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study focuses on a commercially available panel of seven MDR P. aeruginosa strains. The main goals were to sequence and compare these strains' genomes, attempt to predict AMR from whole genomes using two different methods and determine whether this panel could be an informative complement to the international P. aeruginosa reference panel. As expected, the results highlight the complexity of associating genotype and AMR phenotype in P. aeruginosa, mainly due to the intricate regulation of resistance mechanisms. Our results also urge caution in the interpretation of predicted resistomes regarding the occurrence of gene identity discrepancies between strains. We envision that, in addition to accounting for the genomic diversity of P. aeruginosa, future development of predictive tools will need to incorporate a transcriptomic, proteomic and/or metabolomic component.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeukens
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - I Kukavica-Ibrulj
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - J G Emond-Rheault
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - L Freschi
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - R C Levesque
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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55
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Olszak T, Shneider MM, Latka A, Maciejewska B, Browning C, Sycheva LV, Cornelissen A, Danis-Wlodarczyk K, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Gula G, Arabski M, Wasik S, Miroshnikov KA, Lavigne R, Leiman PG, Knirel YA, Drulis-Kawa Z. The O-specific polysaccharide lyase from the phage LKA1 tailspike reduces Pseudomonas virulence. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16302. [PMID: 29176754 PMCID: PMC5701251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas phage LKA1 of the subfamily Autographivirinae encodes a tailspike protein (LKA1gp49) which binds and cleaves B-band LPS (O-specific antigen, OSA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The crystal structure of LKA1gp49 catalytic domain consists of a beta-helix, an insertion domain and a C-terminal discoidin-like domain. The putative substrate binding and processing site is located on the face of the beta-helix whereas the C-terminal domain is likely involved in carbohydrates binding. NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses of degraded LPS (OSA) fragments show an O5 serotype-specific polysaccharide lyase specificity. LKA1gp49 reduces virulence in an in vivo Galleria mellonella infection model and sensitizes P. aeruginosa to serum complement activity. This enzyme causes biofilm degradation and does not affect the activity of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. This is the first comprehensive report on LPS-degrading lyase derived from a Pseudomonas phage. Biological properties reveal a potential towards its applications in antimicrobial design and as a microbiological or biotechnological tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Olszak
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Galveston, TX, 77555-0647, USA
| | - Agnieszka Latka
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland
| | - Barbara Maciejewska
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland
| | | | - Lada V Sycheva
- Affinivax Inc., Cambridge, 02139-3543, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Katarzyna Danis-Wlodarczyk
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Sofya N Senchenkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Grzegorz Gula
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland
| | - Michal Arabski
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, 25-406, Poland
| | - Slawomir Wasik
- Department of Molecular Physics, Institute of Physics, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, 25-406, Poland
| | - Konstantin A Miroshnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Petr G Leiman
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Galveston, TX, 77555-0647, USA
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 51-148, Poland.
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56
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Sismaet HJ, Pinto AJ, Goluch ED. Electrochemical sensors for identifying pyocyanin production in clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 97:65-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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57
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Diversity of free-living amoebae in soils and their associated human opportunistic bacteria. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:3151-3162. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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58
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Kamath KS, Krisp C, Chick J, Pascovici D, Gygi SP, Molloy MP. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteome under Hypoxic Stress Conditions Mimicking the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3917-3928. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Shantharam Kamath
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
- Australian
Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Australian
Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Joel Chick
- Department
of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian
Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department
of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
- Australian
Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
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59
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Schaible B, Rodriguez J, Garcia A, von Kriegsheim A, McClean S, Hickey C, Keogh CE, Brown E, Schaffer K, Broquet A, Taylor CT. Hypoxia Reduces the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Decreasing the Expression of Multiple Virulence Factors. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:1459-1467. [PMID: 28368464 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of how the course of opportunistic bacterial infection is influenced by the microenvironment is limited. We demonstrate that the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains derived from acute clinical infections is higher than that of strains derived from chronic infections, where tissues are hypoxic. Exposure to hypoxia attenuated the pathogenicity of strains from acute (but not chronic) infections, implicating a role for hypoxia in regulating bacterial virulence. Mass spectrometric analysis of the secretome of P. aeruginosa derived from an acute infection revealed hypoxia-induced repression of multiple virulence factors independent of altered bacterial growth. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lacking the Pseudomonas prolyl-hydroxylase domain-containing protein, which has been implicated in bacterial oxygen sensing, displays reduced virulence factor expression. Furthermore, pharmacological hydroxylase inhibition reduces virulence factor expression and pathogenicity in a murine model of pneumonia. We hypothesize that hypoxia reduces P. aeruginosa virulence at least in part through the regulation of bacterial hydroxylases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amaya Garcia
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin
| | | | - Siobhán McClean
- Centre for Microbial Host Interactions, Department of Science, Institute of Technology Tallaght-Dublin, and
| | | | | | | | - Kirsten Schaffer
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | | | - Cormac T Taylor
- Conway Institute and
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin
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60
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Roszniowski B, Latka A, Maciejewska B, Vandenheuvel D, Olszak T, Briers Y, Holt GS, Valvano MA, Lavigne R, Smith DL, Drulis-Kawa Z. The temperate Burkholderia phage AP3 of the Peduovirinae shows efficient antimicrobial activity against B. cenocepacia of the IIIA lineage. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:1203-1216. [PMID: 27770178 PMCID: PMC5247547 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia phage AP3 (vB_BceM_AP3) is a temperate virus of the Myoviridae and the Peduovirinae subfamily (P2likevirus genus). This phage specifically infects multidrug-resistant clinical Burkholderia cenocepacia lineage IIIA strains commonly isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. AP3 exhibits high pairwise nucleotide identity (61.7 %) to Burkholderia phage KS5, specific to the same B. cenocepacia host, and has 46.7-49.5 % identity to phages infecting other species of Burkholderia. The lysis cassette of these related phages has a similar organization (putative antiholin, putative holin, endolysin, and spanins) and shows 29-98 % homology between specific lysis genes, in contrast to Enterobacteria phage P2, the hallmark phage of this genus. The AP3 and KS5 lysis genes have conserved locations and high amino acid sequence similarity. The AP3 bacteriophage particles remain infective up to 5 h at pH 4-10 and are stable at 60 °C for 30 min, but are sensitive to chloroform, with no remaining infective particles after 24 h of treatment. AP3 lysogeny can occur by stable genomic integration and by pseudo-lysogeny. The lysogenic bacterial mutants did not exhibit any significant changes in virulence compared to wild-type host strain when tested in the Galleria mellonella moth wax model. Moreover, AP3 treatment of larvae infected with B. cenocepacia revealed a significant increase (P < 0.0001) in larvae survival in comparison to AP3-untreated infected larvae. AP3 showed robust lytic activity, as evidenced by its broad host range, the absence of increased virulence in lysogenic isolates, the lack of bacterial gene disruption conditioned by bacterial tRNA downstream integration site, and the absence of detected toxin sequences. These data suggest that the AP3 phage is a promising potent agent against bacteria belonging to the most common B. cenocepacia IIIA lineage strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Roszniowski
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Latka
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Maciejewska
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, box 2462, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomasz Olszak
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Yves Briers
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, box 2462, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Giles S Holt
- Applied Sciences, University of Northumbria, Ellison Building EBD222, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Miguel A Valvano
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Rd., Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, box 2462, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Darren L Smith
- Applied Sciences, University of Northumbria, Ellison Building EBD222, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
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61
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Krylov V, Shaburova O, Pleteneva E, Bourkaltseva M, Krylov S, Kaplan A, Chesnokova E, Kulakov L, Magill D, Polygach O. Modular Approach to Select Bacteriophages Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Their Application to Children Suffering With Cystic Fibrosis. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1631. [PMID: 27790211 PMCID: PMC5062033 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the potential application of bacterial viruses (phage therapy) toward the eradication of antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this regard, several potential relationships between bacteria and their bacteriophages are considered. The most important aspect that must be addressed with respect to phage therapy of bacterial infections in the lungs of CF patients is in ensuring the continuity of treatment in light of the continual occurrence of resistant bacteria. This depends on the ability to rapidly select phages exhibiting an enhanced spectrum of lytic activity among several well-studied phage groups of proven safety. We propose a modular based approach, utilizing both mono-species and hetero-species phage mixtures. With an approach involving the visual recognition of characteristics exhibited by phages of well-studied phage groups on lawns of the standard P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain, the simple and rapid enhancement of the lytic spectrum of cocktails is permitted, allowing the development of tailored preparations for patients capable of circumventing problems associated with phage resistant bacterial mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Krylov
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Shaburova
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Pleteneva
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Bourkaltseva
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Krylov
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla Kaplan
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Chesnokova
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid Kulakov
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Belfast, UK
| | - Damian Magill
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Belfast, UK
| | - Olga Polygach
- Laboratory for Genetics of Bacteriophages, Department of Microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera Moscow, Russia
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Is There Potential for Repurposing Statins as Novel Antimicrobials? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:5111-21. [PMID: 27324773 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00192-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are members of a class of pharmaceutical widely used to reduce high levels of serum cholesterol. In addition, statins have so-called "pleiotropic effects," which include inflammation reduction, immunomodulation, and antimicrobial effects. An increasing number of studies are emerging which detail the attenuation of bacterial growth and in vitro and in vivo virulence by statin treatment. In this review, we describe the current information available concerning the effects of statins on bacterial infections and provide insight regarding the potential use of these compounds as antimicrobial therapeutic agents.
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63
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Reen FJ, Flynn S, Woods DF, Dunphy N, Chróinín MN, Mullane D, Stick S, Adams C, O'Gara F. Bile signalling promotes chronic respiratory infections and antibiotic tolerance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29768. [PMID: 27432520 PMCID: PMC4949476 DOI: 10.1038/srep29768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite aggressive antimicrobial therapy, many respiratory pathogens persist in the lung, underpinning the chronic inflammation and eventual lung decline that are characteristic of respiratory disease. Recently, bile acid aspiration has emerged as a major comorbidity associated with a range of lung diseases, shaping the lung microbiome and promoting colonisation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients. In order to uncover the molecular mechanism through which bile modulates the respiratory microbiome, a combination of global transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses of the P. aeruginosa response to bile was undertaken. Bile responsive pathways responsible for virulence, adaptive metabolism, and redox control were identified, with macrolide and polymyxin antibiotic tolerance increased significantly in the presence of bile. Bile acids, and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in particular, elicited chronic biofilm behaviour in P. aeruginosa, while induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lung epithelial cells by CDCA was Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) dependent. Microbiome analysis of paediatric CF sputum samples demonstrated increased colonisation by P. aeruginosa and other Proteobacterial pathogens in bile aspirating compared to non-aspirating patients. Together, these data suggest that bile acid signalling is a leading trigger for the development of chronic phenotypes underlying the pathophysiology of chronic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jerry Reen
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Flynn
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - David F Woods
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niall Dunphy
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - David Mullane
- Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Claire Adams
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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64
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A proposed integrated approach for the preclinical evaluation of phage therapy in Pseudomonas infections. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28115. [PMID: 27301427 PMCID: PMC4908380 DOI: 10.1038/srep28115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage therapy is currently resurging as a potential complement/alternative to antibiotic treatment. However, preclinical evaluation lacks streamlined approaches. We here focus on preclinical approaches which have been implemented to assess bacteriophage efficacy against Pseudomonas biofilms and infections. Laser interferometry and profilometry were applied to measure biofilm matrix permeability and surface geometry changes, respectively. These biophysical approaches were combined with an advanced Airway Surface Liquid infection model, which mimics in vitro the normal and CF lung environments, and an in vivo Galleria larvae model. These assays have been implemented to analyze KTN4 (279,593 bp dsDNA genome), a type-IV pili dependent, giant phage resembling phiKZ. Upon contact, KTN4 immediately disrupts the P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm and reduces pyocyanin and siderophore production. The gentamicin exclusion assay on NuLi-1 and CuFi-1 cell lines revealed the decrease of extracellular bacterial load between 4 and 7 logs and successfully prevents wild-type Pseudomonas internalization into CF epithelial cells. These properties and the significant rescue of Galleria larvae indicate that giant KTN4 phage is a suitable candidate for in vivo phage therapy evaluation for lung infection applications.
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65
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Czerwonka G, Guzy A, Kałuża K, Grosicka M, Dańczuk M, Lechowicz Ł, Gmiter D, Kowalczyk P, Kaca W. The role of Proteus mirabilis cell wall features in biofilm formation. Arch Microbiol 2016; 198:877-84. [PMID: 27262948 PMCID: PMC5040740 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms formed by Proteus mirabilis strains are a serious medical problem, especially in the case of urinary tract infections. Early stages of biofilm formation, such as reversible and irreversible adhesion, are essential for bacteria to form biofilm and avoid eradication by antibiotic therapy. Adhesion to solid surfaces is a complex process where numerous factors play a role, where hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with solid surface seem to be substantial. Cell surface hydrophobicity and electrokinetic potential of bacterial cells depend on their surface composition and structure, where lipopolysaccharide, in Gram-negative bacteria, is prevailing. Our studies focused on clinical and laboratory P. mirabilis strains, where laboratory strains have determined LPS structures. Adherence and biofilm formation tests revealed significant differences between strains adhered in early stages of biofilm formation. Amounts of formed biofilm were expressed by the absorption of crystal violet. Higher biofilm amounts were formed by the strains with more negative values of zeta potential. In contrast, high cell surface hydrophobicity correlated with low biofilm amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Czerwonka
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Anna Guzy
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Klaudia Kałuża
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Michalina Grosicka
- Department of Biobanking and Scientific Research, The Regional Science and Technology Center, Podzamcze 45, 26-060, Chęciny, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dańczuk
- Faculty of Environmental, Geomatic and Energy Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314, Kielce, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lechowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Dawid Gmiter
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Wiesław Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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