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Zheng L, Ling W, Zhu D, Li Z, Kong L. Roquin-1 Regulates Macrophage Immune Response and Participates in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1322-1333. [PMID: 31996460 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the development of liver surgery, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury has received increasing attention. Roquin-1 has been shown to play an important role in innate immune and immune balance. We demonstrate that Roquin-1 expression increased at 1 h after IR and then decreased in C57B/L mice. The immunofluorescence double-label showed that Roquin-1 was mainly expressed in macrophages (mø). Furthermore, we used clodronate liposomes to remove mø, and injected the bone marrow-derived mø (BMDM) through the tail vein in 1 h before IR. We found that liver IR injury was aggravated by Roquin-1 interference. The results of PCR and ELISA suggested that after interference with Roquin-1, mø increased toward M1 and decreased toward M2. Then, interference with Roquin-1 promoted the polarization of mø to M1 and inhibited the polarization of M2. By Western blot technology and AMPKα and mTOR inhibitors, we found that Roquin-1 promotes the phosphorylation of mTOR and STAT3 by inhibiting the phosphorylation of AMPKα. We used AICAR to activate AMPKα in mø and found that the level of ubiquitination of AMPKα was decreased after activation of AMPKα. Furthermore, by bioinformatics methods, we identified potential ubiquitination sites on AMPKα. By the point mutation experiments in vitro, we confirmed that the ubiquitination of these sites is regulated by Roquin-1. Meanwhile, Roquin-1 interference inhibited the activation and function of AMPKα. This topic describes the protection of liver IR injury by Roquin-1 and discusses its main mechanism for regulating AMPKα activity through ubiquitination and affecting the polarization of mø.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Wei Ling
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Zhu
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Gan X, Zhang R, Gu J, Ju Z, Wu X, Wang Q, Peng H, Qiu J, Zhou J, Cheng F, Lu L. Acidic Microenvironment Regulates the Severity of Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Modulating the Generation and Function of Tregs via the PI3K-mTOR Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2945. [PMID: 31998287 PMCID: PMC6962105 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major cause of liver dysfunction and even liver failure after liver transplantation and hepatectomy. One of the critical mechanisms that lead to HIRI is an acidic microenvironment, which develops due to the accumulation of high acid-like substances such as lactic acid and ketone bodies. Previous studies have shown that the adoptive transfer of induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) attenuates HIRI; however, little is known about the function of Tregs in the acidic microenvironment of a HIRI model. In the present study, we examined the effect of acidic microenvironment on Tregs in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report that microenvironment acidification and dysfunction of the liver is induced during HIRI in humans and mice and that an acidic microenvironment can inhibit the generation and function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ iTregs via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. By contrast, the reversal of the acidic microenvironment restored Foxp3 expression and iTreg function. In addition, the results of cell culture in vitro indicated that the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole improves decreased iTreg differentiation caused by the acidic microenvironment, suggesting the potential clinical use of proton pump inhibitors as immunoregulatory therapy in the treatment of HIRI. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that buffering the acidic microenvironment to attenuate HIRI in mice has an inseparable relationship with Tregs. Thus, an acidic microenvironment is a key regulator in HIRI, involved in modulating the generation and function of Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Gan
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Ju
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Jinren Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC), Nanjing, China
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53
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Ku HC, Cheng CF. Master Regulator Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Metabolic Homeostasis and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:556. [PMID: 32922364 PMCID: PMC7457002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays vital roles in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. ATF3 acts as a hub of the cellular adaptive-response network. Multiple extracellular signals, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cytokines, chemokines, and LPS, are connected to ATF3 induction. The function of ATF3 as a regulator of metabolism and immunity has recently sparked intense attention. In this review, we describe how ATF3 can act as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor. We then focus on the role of ATF3 and ATF3-regulated signals in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. The roles of ATF3 in glucose metabolism and adipose tissue regulation are also explored. Next, we summarize how ATF3 regulates immunity and maintains normal host defense. In addition, we elaborate on the roles of ATF3 as a regulator of prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers. Further understanding of how ATF3 regulates signaling pathways involved in glucose metabolism, adipocyte metabolism, immuno-responsiveness, and oncogenesis in various cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers, is then provided. Finally, we demonstrate that ATF3 acts as a master regulator of metabolic homeostasis and, therefore, may be an appealing target for the treatment of metabolic dyshomeostasis, immune disorders, and various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Feng Cheng
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54
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Wang Y, Jiang Y, Zhao L. miRNA-200b improves hepatic fibrosis induced by CCL 4 by regulating toll-like receptor 4 in mice. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13254-13261. [PMID: 30924172 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect of miRNA-200b on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice. The C59BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (normal control [NC], CCLR model [Model], and CCl 4 + miRNA-200b [miRNA]). The hepatic fibrosis was induced by CCl 4 injected subcutaneously twice per week in Model and miRNA groups. After 6 weeks building model, the mice of miRNA group were injected the miRNA-200b from caudal vein twice per week. The mice of Model and miRNA groups were continuously fed for 3 weeks. The IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations of serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The hepatic tissues of difference groups were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, sirius red staining, Masson staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and measured toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) proteins expressions by western blot assay. The correlation between miRNA-200b and TLR4 were analyzed by dual luciferase target assay. Compared with NC group, the interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations of Model group were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05, respectively). With miRNA-200b overexpression, the IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations were significantly suppressed (P < 0.05, respectively). The pathologies were improved by H&E staining, sirius red staining, and Masson staining; meanwhile, the hepatic cell apoptosis rate was significantly suppressed (P < 0.05). The TLR4 and NF-κB protein expressions of miRNA group were significantly suppressed compared with the Model group (P < 0.05, respectively). By dual luciferase target assay, the TLR4 was a target gene of miRNA-200b. The miRNA-200b upregulation improved hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl 4 via regulation of TLR4 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Binzhou Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Binzhou Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Binzhou Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou, Shandong, China
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55
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Chen CC, Hong HJ, Hao WR, Cheng TH, Liu JC, Sung LC. Nicorandil prevents doxorubicin-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 859:172542. [PMID: 31319070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nicorandil is an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener with additional antioxidant properties. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug that exerts oxidation-mediated adverse cardiovascular effects. This study examined the effects of nicorandil on DOX-induced cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and underlying intracellular signaling mechanisms. Cultured HUVECs were pretreated with nicorandil (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 μM) for 12 h and then treated with DOX (1 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis was examined using a caspase-3 activity assay, and DNA fragmentation was detected through TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) staining. Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the related protein expression. DOX markedly increased reactive oxygen species production, p53 expression, caspase-3 activity, cleaved caspase-3 levels, and TUNEL-positive cell numbers but reduced Bcl-2 expression and intracellular antioxidant enzyme levels; these effects were effectively antagonized through nicorandil (3 μM, 12 h) pretreatment, which resulted in HUVECs being protected from DOX-induced apoptosis. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a stress-induced transcription factor, was induced by nicorandil (3 μM). Furthermore, nicorandil (3 μM) enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) translocation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. ATF3 short interfering RNA significantly attenuated nicorandil-mediated Nrf2 translocation, HO-1 expression, and inhibitory effects on DOX-stimulated reactive oxygen species production and cell apoptosis. In summary, nicorandil may protect HUVECs from DOX-induced apoptosis, in part through ATF3-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways, which potentially protect the vessels from severe DOX toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chao Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jye Hong
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Rui Hao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hurng Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chi Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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56
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Wei S, Li T, Xie R, Ye B, Xiang J, Liu K, Chen Z, Gao X. The role of ATF3 in ZnO nanoparticle-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 113:95-102. [PMID: 31220582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticle (ZnO NP) exposure causes oxidative stress in the respiratory system, leading to pulmonary damage. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) participates in a variety of cellular stress responses. However, the role of ATF3 in ZnO NP genotoxicity and cytotoxicity remains to be explored. Here we reported that ZnO NP treatment dramatically induced the expression of ATF3 in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, which was mediated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). ATF3 was required for the repair of ZnO NP-induced DNA damage as gamma foci number increased when endogenous ATF3 was silenced. Moreover, ATF3 also contributed to ZnO NP-induced cell apoptosis. Mechanistic study revealed that ATF3 interacted with the p53 protein and upregulated its expression under ZnO NP treatment. Collectively, our findings demonstrated ATF3 as an important regulator of epithelial homeostasis by promoting both DNA repair and the death of damaged cells under ZnO NP-induced genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Wei
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tiezheng Li
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Renxiang Xie
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bingqi Ye
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kangli Liu
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhanghui Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Xiangwei Gao
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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57
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Wang X, Han C, Qin J, Wei Y, Qian X, Bao Y, Shi W. Pretreatment with Salvia miltiorrhiza Polysaccharides Protects from Lipopolysaccharides/d-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Injury in Mice Through Inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:495-505. [PMID: 31074668 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides (SMPs) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/d-galactosamine (d-GalN)-induced liver injury in mice and its mechanism. Seventy-two mice were allocated to 6 groups of 12 each, that is, the untreated control group, the liver injury model group, the Bifendate group (Bifendate 200 mg/kg/day), and 3 SMP-treated groups at low (250 mg/kg/day), medium (500 mg/kg/day), and high doses (750 mg/kg/day). After 12 days oral treatment, liver injury was induced with LPS/d-GalN, and 1 h later the mice were sacrificed for a series of analyses. The results showed that SMPs significantly alleviated pathological changes in the hepatic tissue. Compared with the untreated control group, the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase alpha/beta (P-IKK-α/β), phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (P-IκB-α) and phosphorylated P65 (P-P65) detected by Western blot, the levels of C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10) and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) detected by immunohistochemistry, and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of liver injury model group were increased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with liver injury model group, the mRNA levels of LBP, CD14, MD-2, TLR4, and MyD88; protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, P-IKK-α/β, P-IκB-α, and P-P65; levels of CXCL-10 and ICAM-1; and the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β of SMP groups and Bifendate group were decreased significantly (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). In conclusion, SMPs can effectively inhibit TLR4/MyD88 inflammatory signaling pathway of LPS/d-GalN-induced liver injury in mice, and it may be part of the mechanism by which SMPs relieve excessive inflammation in the liver of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Chao Han
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Jiaojiao Qin
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Xufeng Qian
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- 1College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China.,2Hebei Provincial Engineering Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Baoding, China
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58
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Polat EC, Besiroglu H, Ozcan L, Otunctemur A, Eruyar AT, Somay A, Ozbay N, Cekmen M, Eraldemir C, Ozbek E. Beneficial effects of Oltipraz, nuclear factor - erythroid - 2 - related factor 2 (Nrf2), on renal damage in unilateral ureteral obstruction rat model. Int Braz J Urol 2019; 44:1243-1251. [PMID: 30130014 PMCID: PMC6442183 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2018.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: We investigated whether Oltipraz (OPZ) attenuated renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat model. Materials and Methods: We randomly divided 32 rats into four groups, each consisting of eight animals as follows: Rats in group 1 underwent a sham operation and received no treatment. Rats in group 2 underwent a sham operation and received OPZ. Rats in group 3 underwent unilateral ureteral ligation and received no treatment. Group 4 rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral ligation plus OPZ administration. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), E-cadherin, nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyproline levels were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were carried out. Results: TGF-β1, NO and E-cadherin levels in the UUO group were significantly higher than the sham group and these values were significantly different in treated groups compared to the UUO group. In rats treated with UUO + OPZ, despite the presence of mild tubular degeneration and less severe tubular necrosis, glomeruli maintained a better morphology when compared to the UUO group. Expressions of α-SMA in immunohistochemistry showed that the staining positivity decreased in the tubules of the OPZ-treated group. Conclusions: While the precise mechanism of action remains unknown, our results demonstrated that OPZ exerted a protective role in the UUO-mediated renal fibrosis rat model highlighting a promising therapeutic potency of Nrf2-activators for alleviating the detrimental effects of unilateral obstruction in kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Can Polat
- Department of Urology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Besiroglu
- Department of Urology, Catalca Ilyas Cokay State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Ozcan
- Department of Urology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Alper Otunctemur
- Department of Urology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tugrul Eruyar
- Department of Pathology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Adnan Somay
- Department of Pathology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurver Ozbay
- Department of Pathology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cekmen
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyla Eraldemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Emin Ozbek
- Department of Urology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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59
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Huang S, Ju W, Zhu Z, Han M, Sun C, Tang Y, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Lin F, Chen H, Xie R, Zhu C, Wang D, Wu L, Zhao Q, Chen M, Zhou Q, Guo Z, He X. Comprehensive and combined omics analysis reveals factors of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. Epigenomics 2019; 11:527-542. [PMID: 30700158 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore molecular mechanisms underlying liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). MATERIALS & METHODS Four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets comprising liver transplantation data were collected for a comprehensive analysis. A proteomic analysis was performed and used for correlations analysis with transcriptomic. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Ten differentially expressed genes were co-upregulated in four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, including ATF3, CCL4, DNAJB1, DUSP5, JUND, KLF6, NFKBIA, PLAUR, PPP1R15A and TNFAIP3. The combined analysis demonstrated ten coregulated genes/proteins, including HBB, HBG2, CA1, SLC4A1, PLIN2, JUNB, HBA1, MMP9, SLC2A1 and PADI4. The coregulated differentially expressed genes and coregulated genes/proteins formed a tight interaction network and could serve as the core factors underlying IRI. Comprehensive and combined omics analyses revealed key factors underlying liver IRI, and thus having potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanzhou Huang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Ju
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zebin Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Ming Han
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yunhua Tang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yuchen Hou
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Linhe Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Fanxiong Lin
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haitian Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Rongxing Xie
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Caihui Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Linwei Wu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Maogen Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516081, PR China.,Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
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60
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Xu D, Xu M, Jeong S, Qian Y, Wu H, Xia Q, Kong X. The Role of Nrf2 in Liver Disease: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1428. [PMID: 30670963 PMCID: PMC6331455 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are the most important pathogenic events in the development and progression of liver diseases. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the master regulator of the cellular protection via induction of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cyto-protective genes expression. Multiple studies have shown that activation or suppression of this transcriptional factor significantly affect progression of liver diseases. Comprehensive understanding the roles of Nrf2 activation/expression and the outcomes of its activators/inhibitors are indispensable for defining the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies against liver diseases. In this current review, we discussed recent advances in the function and principal mechanisms by regulating Nrf2 in liver diseases, including acute liver failure, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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61
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Guo L, Lv J, Huang YF, Hao DJ, Liu JJ. Bioinformatics analyses of differentially expressed genes associated with spinal cord injury: A microarray-based analysis in a mouse model. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1262-1270. [PMID: 30804258 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.251335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene spectrum analysis has shown that gene expression and signaling pathways change dramatically after spinal cord injury, which may affect the microenvironment of the damaged site. Microarray analysis provides a new opportunity for investigating diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of spinal cord injury. However, differentially expressed genes are not consistent among studies, and many key genes and signaling pathways have not yet been accurately studied. GSE5296 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus DataSet. Differentially expressed genes were obtained using R/Bioconductor software (expression changed at least two-fold; P < 0.05). Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used for functional annotation of differentially expressed genes and Animal Transcription Factor Database for predicting potential transcription factors. The resulting transcription regulatory protein interaction network was mapped to screen representative genes and investigate their diagnostic and therapeutic value for disease. In total, this study identified 109 genes that were upregulated and 30 that were downregulated at 0.5, 4, and 24 hours, and 3, 7, and 28 days after spinal cord injury. The number of downregulated genes was smaller than the number of upregulated genes at each time point. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery analysis found that many inflammation-related pathways were upregulated in injured spinal cord. Additionally, expression levels of these inflammation-related genes were maintained for at least 28 days. Moreover, 399 regulation modes and 77 nodes were shown in the protein-protein interaction network of upregulated differentially expressed genes. Among the 10 upregulated differentially expressed genes with the highest degrees of distribution, six genes were transcription factors. Among these transcription factors, ATF3 showed the greatest change. ATF3 was upregulated within 30 minutes, and its expression levels remained high at 28 days after spinal cord injury. These key genes screened by bioinformatics tools can be used as biological markers to diagnose diseases and provide a reference for identifying therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ding-Jun Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ji-Jun Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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62
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Triterpenoids from fruits of Sorbus pohuashanensis inhibit acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:493-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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63
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Momozane T, Kawamura T, Itoh Y, Sanosaka M, Sasaki T, Kanzaki R, Ose N, Funaki S, Shintani Y, Minami M, Okumura M, Takemori H. Carnosol suppresses interleukin-6 production in mouse lungs injured by ischemia–reperfusion operation and in RAW264.7 macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:769-776. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosol is a naturally occurring herbal compound, known for its antioxidative properties. We previously found that carnosol protected mouse lungs from ischemia–reperfusion injury in ex vivo cultures. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning carnosol-mediated lung protection, we analyzed modes of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression, which is associated with lung ischemia–reperfusion injury. Microarray analysis of mouse lungs suggested that IL-6 mRNA levels were elevated in the mouse lungs subjected to clamp-reperfusion, which was associated with elevated levels of other inflammatory modulators, such as activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). Carnosol pretreatment lowered the IL-6 protein levels in mouse lung homogenates prepared after the clamp-reperfusion. On the other hand, the ATF3 gene expression was negatively correlated with that of IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. IL-6 mRNA levels and gene promoter activities were suppressed by carnosol in RAW264.7 cells, but rescued by ATF3 knockdown. When RAW264.7 cells were subjected to hypoxia–reoxygenation, carnosol treatment lowered oxygen consumption after reoxygenation, which was coupled with a correlation with a transient production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and following ATF3 gene expression. These results suggest that carnosol treatment could be a new strategy for protecting lungs from ischemia–reperfusion injury by modulating the ATF3–IL-6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Momozane
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling & Metabolic Disease, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8, Asagi-Saito, Ibaraki Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kawamura
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling & Metabolic Disease, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8, Asagi-Saito, Ibaraki Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yumi Itoh
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling & Metabolic Disease, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8, Asagi-Saito, Ibaraki Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Masato Sanosaka
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling & Metabolic Disease, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8, Asagi-Saito, Ibaraki Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryu Kanzaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoko Ose
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Soichiro Funaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shintani
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Minami
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Meinoshin Okumura
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemori
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling & Metabolic Disease, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8, Asagi-Saito, Ibaraki Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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64
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Zhan C, Dai X, Shen G, Lu X, Wang X, Lu L, Qian X, Rao J. Preoperative short-term fasting protects liver injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:449. [PMID: 30603637 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.10.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Our previous study demonstrated that preoperative short-term fasting attenuates mice hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), which greatly piqued our interest in verifying if fasting produces similar protective effects in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Methods Eighty patients with liver tumors were randomized into control (Ctrl, n=40, preoperative fasting for 6 h) or fasting group (Fasting, n=40, preoperative fasting for 24 h). Serum was collected at pre-operation (Pre-Op), post-operation 1 day (POD-1), post-operation 3 days (POD-3), and post-operation 7 days (POD-7). Liver tissue was removed from the resected specimen. Results Sixty-three patients were eventually enrolled, with 33 in Ctrl and 30 in Fasting group. Our data showed that 24 h fasting effectively attenuated elevated sALT and sAST levels after operation (P<0.05), but serum total bilirubin was significantly lower at only POD-3 (P<0.05); and serum albumin was not markedly different in either of the groups. Interestingly, 24 h fasting partially attenuates expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and improves oxidative stress (MDA and SOD). Our data further showed short-term fasting triggered Nrf2 signaling pathway. Conclusions This study demonstrates preoperative short-term fasting effectively improves clinical outcomes and markedly attenuates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in patients undergoing hepatectomy, and Nrf2 signaling pathway may play a key role in fasting against inflammatory responses and oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfei Zhan
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinzheng Dai
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Gefengqiang Shen
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaofeng Qian
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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65
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Liu R, Zhang S, Ma W, Lu H, Gao J, Gan X, Ju Z, Gu J, Lu L. Age-dependent loss of induced regulatory T cell function exacerbates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Immunol 2018; 103:251-256. [PMID: 30321735 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate that the number of induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) increases in aged mice. However, these studies do not characterize iTregs across different ages or how these immune modulators contribute to the dysregulation of immunity in murine disease models. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between age and iTreg function using a mouse model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In this model, aged-mice suffered more serious injury than Young-mice, with higher serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and higher histological scores from liver biopsies. iTregs isolated from Young-mice exhibited stronger immunosuppressive ability in vitro and had a greater response during IRI in vivo. In addition, aged-mice that were pretreated with iTregs generated in Young-mice (Y-iTregs) had alleviated injury compared with mice pretreated with iTregs from aged-mice (A-iTregs) or no treatment group. Adoptive transfer of iTregs ameliorated liver IRI and promoted liver recovery with decreased levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17). These results demonstrate that the exacerbated IRI observed in aged-mice is a result of decreased iTreg function. Therefore, improving iTreg function is important for disease treatment in elder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaopeng Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxuan Ma
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Gao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojie Gan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Ju
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ling Lu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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66
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Zhu Q, Wang H, Jiang B, Ni X, Jiang L, Li C, Wang X, Zhang F, Ke B, Lu L. Loss of ATF3 exacerbates liver damage through the activation of mTOR/p70S6K/ HIF-1α signaling pathway in liver inflammatory injury. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:910. [PMID: 30185770 PMCID: PMC6125320 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays important roles in regulating immune and metabolic homeostasis. Activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors are crucial for the regulation of immune cell function. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which the ATF3/mTOR/HIF-1 axis regulates immune responses in a liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model. Deletion of ATF3 exacerbated liver damage, as evidenced by increased levels of serum ALT, intrahepatic macrophage/neutrophil trafficking, hepatocellular apoptosis, and the upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators. ATF3 deficiency promoted mTOR and p70S6K phosphorylation, activated high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and TLR4, inhibited prolyl-hydroxylase 1 (PHD1), and increased HIF-1α activity, leading to Foxp3 downregulation and RORγt and IL-17A upregulation in IRI livers. Blocking mTOR or p70S6K in ATF3 knockout (KO) mice or bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) downregulated HMGB1, TLR4, and HIF-1α and upregulated PHD1, increasing Foxp3 and decreasing IL-17A levels in vitro. Silencing of HIF-1α in ATF3 KO mice ameliorated IRI-induced liver damage in parallel with the downregulation of IL-17A in ATF3-deficient mice. These findings demonstrated that ATF3 deficiency activated mTOR/p70S6K/HIF-1α signaling, which was crucial for the modulation of TLR4-driven inflammatory responses and T cell development. The present study provides potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of liver IRI followed by liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuhao Ni
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longfeng Jiang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changyong Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bibo Ke
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ling Lu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Yang F, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Shang L, Feng M, Yuan X, Zhu W, Shi X. IRE1α aggravates ischemia reperfusion injury of fatty liver by regulating phenotypic transformation of kupffer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:395-407. [PMID: 29969718 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fatty liver is one of the widely accepted marginal donor for liver transplantation, but is also more sensitive to ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) and produces more reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, so far, no effective method has been developed to alleviate it. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress) of hepatocyte is associated with the occurrence of fatty liver disease, but ER-stress of kupffer cells (KCs) in fatty liver is not clear at all. This study evaluates whether ER-stress of KCs is activated in fatty liver and accelerate IRI of fatty livers. ER-stress of KCs was activated in fatty liver, especially the IRE1α signal pathway. KCs with activated ER-stress secreted more proinflammatory cytokine to induce its M1-phenotypic shift in fatty liver, resulting in more severe IRI. Also, activated ER-stress of BMDMs in vitro by tunicamycin can induce its pro-inflammatory shift and can be reduced by 4-PBA, an ER-stress inhibitor. Knockdown of IRE1α could regulate the STAT1 and STAT6 pathway of macrophage to inhibit the M1-type polarization and promote M2-phenotypic shift. Furthermore, transfusion of IRE1α-knockdown KCs significantly reduced the liver IRI as well as the ROS of HFD feeding mice. Altogether, these data demonstrated that IRE1α of KCs may be a potential target to reduce the fatty liver associated IRI in liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faji Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Longcheng Shang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianwen Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhang H, Yuan B, Huang H, Qu S, Yang S, Zeng Z. Gastrodin induced HO-1 and Nrf2 up-regulation to alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells through p38 MAPK phosphorylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7439. [PMID: 30156611 PMCID: PMC6110350 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in several detoxifying and antioxidant defense processes. Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was demonstrated to play a key role against oxidative stress. Gastrodin (GSTD) is a well-known active compound isolated from the roots of Rhizoma gastrodiae, a plant used in ancient Chinese traditional medicine. The aim of this work was to investigate whether GSTD could alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). In LSECs exposed to 1 mM H2O2, treatment with GSTD (1, 10, or 50 µM) resulted in higher cell viability than the untreated control. Treated cells maintained a higher Bcl2/Bax ratio and suppressed caspase-9 expression compared with untreated cells, reducing cell apoptosis. GSTD was protective for H2O2-induced oxidative injury by reducing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. HO-1 and Nrf2 expressions were synergistically upregulated by GSTD. Inhibition of HO-1 by 10 µM zinc protoporphyrin resulted in less protective effects on cell viability and malondialdehyde reduction by GSTD treatment in H2O2-exposed LSECs. Additionally, phosphorylated p38 in LSECs exposed to H2O2 was elevated by GSTD. Inhibition of p38 phosphorylation by SB203580 did not induce Nrf2 and HO-1 expression after 1 or 10 µM GSTD treatment and the protective effect on cell viability and malondialdehyde reduction in H2O2-exposed LSECs was reduced. The data conclusively demonstrated that GSTD-induced HO-1 and Nrf2 expression is involved in protection of LSECs from H2O2-induced oxidative injury, which may be regulated by p38 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hanfei Huang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Siming Qu
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong Zeng
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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69
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Li Z, Zhao F, Cao Y, Zhang J, Shi P, Sun X, Zhang F, Tong L. DHA attenuates hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis and activating PI3K/Akt pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:1-10. [PMID: 30075219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is very common in liver transplantation and major liver surgeries and may cause liver failure or even death. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has displayed activities in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in many disorders. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of DHA against I/R-induced injury and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that DHA protected hepatic I/R injury by reducing aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and decreasing the oxidative stress in liver tissues. The viability of Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells was reduced by hypoxia/restoration (H/R) but restored by DHA. DHA significantly downregulated the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins including NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptotic speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) and cleaved caspase-1 and reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The above results were supported by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. However, incubation with LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), abolished the effects of DHA, since it increased the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and the production of inflammatory cytokines. The present results have demonstrated that DHA ameliorated I/R-induced injury by inhibiting pyroptosis of hepatocytes induced in liver I/R injury in vivo and in vitro through the PI3K/Akt pathway, providing a potential therapeutic option to prevent liver injury by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fazhang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163391, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163391, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Liquan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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70
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Liu Y, Zhang W, Cheng Y, Miao C, Gong J, Wang M. Activation of PPARγ by Curcumin protects mice from ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by orthotopic liver transplantation via modulating polarization of Kupffer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 62:270-276. [PMID: 30036770 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin shows protective effects on various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative functions; however, its effect on organ transplantation has not been fully elucidated. To understand its role in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, we studied its impact on orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and Kupffer cells (KCs) polarization and its underlying mechanisms. We first investigated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cytokines profile of KCs, intracellular ROS and the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines were downregulated while the mRNA level of anti-inflammatory cytokine was upregulated by the pretreatment of Curcumin; Then the liver injury was detected by histopathological examination and liver function. Pretreatment with Curcumin significantly alleviated liver injury while improving liver function and overall post-transplantation survival compared with the control groups. The Western blotting showed that Curcumin inhibited the function of KCs via down-regulating the nuclear factor κb (NF-κb) signaling pathway by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and flow cytometry revealed that Curcumin suppressed pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1) of KCs while promoting its anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2) polarization. These results showed that Curcumin may exert positive effects on I/R injury after OLT through activating PPARγ by inhibiting the activation of NF-κb pathway and remodeling the polarization of KCs. This may reveal a potential therapy for I/R injury after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Chunmu Miao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Menghao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China.
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71
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Fu T, Li H, Zhao Y, Cai E, Zhu H, Li P, Liu J. Hepatoprotective effect of α-mangostin against lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:896-901. [PMID: 30119260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of α-mangostin (α-MG) on lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-induced acute liver failure and discover its potential mechanisms in mice. The results showed that α-MG could attenuate LPS/D-GalN-induced liver pathological injury, and decrease the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β and 6 (IL-1β, IL-6) levels and recovery hepatic glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities. The results also indicated that α-MG inhibited LPS/D-GalN-induced toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and NF-κB activation. In addition, α-MG up-regulated the expressions of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In conclusion, the results indicated that α-MG could protect against LPS/D-GalN-induced liver failure by activating Nrf2 to induce antioxidant defense and inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway to induce anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Fu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Enbo Cai
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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72
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Lu TF, Yang TH, Zhong CP, Shen C, Lin WW, Gu GX, Xia Q, Xu N. Dual Effect of Hepatic Macrophages on Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury during Liver Transplantation. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e24. [PMID: 29984042 PMCID: PMC6026692 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication in liver transplantation (LT) and it is closely related to the recovery of grafts' function. Researches has verified that both innate and adaptive immune system are involved in the development of IRI and Kupffer cell (KC), the resident macrophages in the liver, play a pivotal role both in triggering and sustaining the sterile inflammation. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), released by the initial dead cell because of the ischemia insult, firstly activate the KC through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptors. Activated KCs is the dominant players in the IRI as it can secret various pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate the injury and recruit other types of immune cells from the circulation. On the other hand, KCs can also serve in a contrary way to ameliorate IRI by upregulating the anti-inflammatory factors. Moreover, new standpoint has been put forward that KCs and macrophages from the circulation may function in different way to influence the inflammation. Managements towards KCs are expected to be the effective way to improve the IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Fei Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Tai-Hua Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medicine School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Cheng-Peng Zhong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chuan Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lin
- Department of Laboratory, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Guang-Xiang Gu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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Wang X, Wang S, Zhou Y, Obulkasim H, Zhang ZH, Dai B, Zhu W, Shi XL. BM‑MSCs protect against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury via HO‑1 mediated autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2253-2262. [PMID: 29956785 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is considered to be a contributing factor in liver injury following major hepatic resection or liver transplantation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‑MSCs) have the potential to protect against liver I/R injury; however, the precise mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. Autophagy serves an important role in protecting against various injuries, including I/R injury. The present study aimed to determine the role of autophagy and its potential regulatory mechanism in BM‑MSC‑mediated protection against liver I/R injury in rats. The results demonstrated that BM‑MSCs mitigated I/R injury and enhanced autophagy in vivo. In addition, inhibition of autophagy by 3‑methyladenine reversed the positive effects of BM‑MSCs. Furthermore, heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) expression was promoted by BM‑MSCs. Using zinc protoporphyrin IX to inhibit HO‑1 demonstrated that HO‑1 was important for the promotion of autophagy. In conclusion, the present study revealed that BM‑MSCs protected against liver I/R injury via the promotion of HO‑1‑mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Halmurat Obulkasim
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Heng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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Förstner P, Rehman R, Anastasiadou S, Haffner-Luntzer M, Sinske D, Ignatius A, Roselli F, Knöll B. Neuroinflammation after Traumatic Brain Injury Is Enhanced in Activating Transcription Factor 3 Mutant Mice. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2317-2329. [PMID: 29463176 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a neuroinflammatory response resulting in astrocyte and microglia activation at the lesion site. This involves upregulation of neuroinflammatory genes, including chemokines and interleukins. However, so far, there is lack of knowledge on transcription factors (TFs) modulating this TBI-associated gene expression response. Herein, we analyzed activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a TF encoding a regeneration-associated gene (RAG) predominantly studied in peripheral nervous system (PNS) injury. ATF3 contributes to PNS axon regeneration and was shown before to regulate inflammatory processes in other injury models. In contrast to PNS injury, data on ATF3 in central nervous system (CNS) injury are sparse. We used Atf3 mouse mutants and a closed-head weight-drop-based TBI model in adult mice to target the rostrolateral cortex resulting in moderate injury severity. Post-TBI, ATF3 was upregulated already at early time points (i.e,. 1-4 h) post-injury in the brain. Mortality and weight loss upon TBI were slightly elevated in Atf3 mutants. ATF3 deficiency enhanced TBI-induced paresis and hematoma formation, suggesting that ATF3 limits these injury outcomes in wild-type mice. Next, we analyzed TBI-associated RAG and inflammatory gene expression in the cortical impact area. In contrast to the PNS, only some RAGs (Atf3, Timp1, and Sprr1a) were induced by TBI, and, surprisingly, some RAG encoding neuropeptides were downregulated. Notably, we identified ATF3 as TF-regulating proneuroinflammatory gene expression, including CCL and CXCL chemokines (Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4, and Cxcl1) and lipocalin. In Atf3 mutant mice, mRNA abundance was further enhanced upon TBI compared to wild-type mice, suggesting immune gene repression by wild-type ATF3. In accord, more immune cells were present in the lesion area of ATF3-deficient mice. Overall, we identified ATF3 as a new TF-mediating TBI-associated CNS inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Förstner
- 1 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany
| | - Rida Rehman
- 2 Department of Neurology, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany .,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (BMES), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- 4 Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Center for Trauma Research Ulm, University of Ulm , Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniela Sinske
- 1 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- 4 Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Center for Trauma Research Ulm, University of Ulm , Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Knöll
- 1 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany
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75
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Yin Y, Liu X, Liu J, Cai E, Zhu H, Li H, Zhang L, Li P, Zhao Y. Beta-sitosterol and its derivatives repress lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute hepatic injury by inhibiting the oxidation and inflammation in mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1525-1533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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76
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Pai CS, Sharma PK, Huang HT, Loganathan S, Lin H, Hsu YL, Phasuk S, Liu IY. The Activating Transcription Factor 3 ( Atf3) Homozygous Knockout Mice Exhibit Enhanced Conditioned Fear and Down Regulation of Hippocampal GELSOLIN. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29515366 PMCID: PMC5826182 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic and molecular basis underlying fear memory formation is a key theme in anxiety disorder research. Because activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is induced under stress conditions and is highly expressed in the hippocampus, we hypothesize that ATF3 plays a role in fear memory formation. We used fear conditioning and various other paradigms to test Atf3 knockout mice and study the role of ATF3 in processing fear memory. The results demonstrated that the lack of ATF3 specifically enhanced the expression of fear memory, which was indicated by a higher incidence of the freeze response after fear conditioning, whereas the occurrence of spatial memory including Morris Water Maze and radial arm maze remained unchanged. The enhanced freezing behavior and normal spatial memory of the Atf3 knockout mice resembles the fear response and numbing symptoms often exhibited by patients affected with posttraumatic stress disorder. Additionally, we determined that after fear conditioning, dendritic spine density was increased, and expression of Gelsolin, the gene encoding a severing protein for actin polymerization, was down-regulated in the bilateral hippocampi of the Atf3 knockout mice. Taken together, our results suggest that ATF3 may suppress fear memory formation in mice directly or indirectly through mechanisms involving modulation of actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Pai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pranao K Sharma
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ting Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Heng Lin
- Department of Physiology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Luan Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sarayut Phasuk
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ingrid Y Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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77
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Cong P, Liu Y, Liu N, Zhang Y, Tong C, Shi L, Liu X, Shi X, Liu Y, Tong Z, Hou M. Cold exposure induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the myocardium by inhibiting the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:36. [PMID: 29448942 PMCID: PMC5815212 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cold weather is associated with infaust cardiovascular responses, including myocardial infarction and arrhythmias. However, the exact mechanisms of these adverse changes in the myocardium under cold stress are unknown. This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of cardiac injury induced by cold stress in mice. METHODS The mice were randomly divided into three groups, normal control (no handling), 1-week cold stress and 2-week cold stress. We observed physiological changes of the mice and morphological changes of myocardium tissues, and we measured the changes of 3'-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal, the expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1, superoxide dismutase-2, Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in myocardium by western blot. Besides, we detected mRNA of superoxide dismutase-1, superoxide dismutase-2, Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, Nrf2 and Keap1 by real-time PCR. One-way analysis of variance, followed by LSD-t test, was used to compare each variable for differences among the groups. RESULTS Echocardiography analyses demonstrated left ventricle dysfunction in the groups receiving cold stress. Histological analyses witnessed inflammation, vacuolar and eosinophilic degeneration occurred in left ventricle tissues. Western blotting results showed increased 3'-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal and decreased antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-1 and superoxide dismutase-2) in the myocardium. Expression of Nrf2 and Keap1 followed a downward trend under cold exposure, as indicated by western blotting and real-time PCR. Expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 also showed the same trend. In contrast, expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad followed an upward trend under cold exposure. The results of real-time PCR were consistent with those of western blotting. CONCLUSIONS These findings were very significant, showing that cold exposure induced cardiac injury by inhibiting the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifang Cong
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Yubiao Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Changci Tong
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Xuelei Liu
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Xiuyun Shi
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Zhou Tong
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China
| | - Mingxiao Hou
- Emergency Medicine Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Laboratory of Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma PLA, No. 83 Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, l10016, China.
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78
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Yang XB, Jiang H, Shi Y. WITHDRAWN: SIKE1 deficiency accelerates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury through enhancing Toll-like receptor-3-regulated inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018:S0006-291X(18)30140-2. [PMID: 29366783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Yang
- Department of Neonatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Department of Neonatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China
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79
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Zhan Y, Han Y, Sun H, Liang T, Zhang C, Song J, Hou G. Down-regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 9 of alloreactive CD4+ T cells prolongs allograft survival. Oncotarget 2018; 7:24983-94. [PMID: 27102157 PMCID: PMC5041884 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK9 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 9)/Cyclin T1/RNA polymerase II pathway has been demonstrated to promote the development of several inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis or atherosclerosis, however, its roles in allotransplantation rejection have not been addressed. Here, we found that CDK9/Cyclin T1 were apparently up-regulated in the allogeneic group, which was positively correlated with allograft damage. CDK9 was inhibited obviously in naive splenic CD4+ T cells treated 6 h with 3 μM PHA767491 (a CDK9 inhibitor), and adoptive transfer of these CD4+ T cells into allografted SCID mice resulted in prolonged survival compared with the group without PHA767491 pretreated. Decelerated rejection was correlated with enhanced IL-4 and IL-10 production and with decreased IFN-γ production by alloreactive T cells. More interestingly, we found that CDK942, not CDK955, was high expressed in allorejection group, which could be prominently dampened with PHA767491 treatment. The expression of CDK942 was consistent with its downstream molecule RNA polymerase II. Altogether, our findings revealed the crucial role of CDK9/Cyclin T1/Pol II pathway in promoting allorejection at multiple levels and may provide a new approach for transplantation tolerance induction through targeting CDK9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhan
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yeming Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hukui Sun
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Song
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Lu M, Jiang X, Tong L, Zhang F, Ma L, Dong X, Sun X. MicroRNA-21-Regulated Activation of the Akt Pathway Participates in the Protective Effects of H 2S against Liver Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:229-238. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- Department of Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xian Jiang
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Liquan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xuesong Dong
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Xueying Sun
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
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81
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Xiao Q, Ye Q, Wang W, Xiao J, Fu B, Xia Z, Zhang X, Liu Z, Zeng X. Mild hypothermia pretreatment protects against liver ischemia reperfusion injury via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7520-7526. [PMID: 28944825 PMCID: PMC5865885 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild hypothermia is known to protect against ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. The exact mechanisms of the protection are not fully understood. Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) has been defined as a critical mediator in cellular processes, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, cell death and DNA repair; however, the protection function in mild hypothermia has not been reported previously. The current study was designed to investigate the function of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/FOXO3a pathway in pretreatment with mild hypothermia during IR injury. Additionally, PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling was inhibited using Ly294002 and the effect on the protective function of mild hypothermia pretreatment was evaluated. Furthermore, the apoptotic and inflammatory response induced by the IR injury was evaluated. Liver IR injury induced a significant increase in the level of apoptosis and inflammatory responses. However, pretreatment with mild hypothermia increased phospho (p)-AKT and p-FOXO3a following IR injury, and significantly reduced apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines release. However, inhibiting p-AKT and p-FOXO3a using Ly294002 suppressed the liver protection produced by mild hypothermia. In conclusion, these findings indicated that mild hypothermia pretreatment exhibited liver protective effects against IR injury associated with suppressing inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Xiao
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Biqi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xingjian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhongzhong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xianpeng Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Jadhav K, Zhang Y. Activating transcription factor 3 in immune response and metabolic regulation. LIVER RESEARCH 2017; 1:96-102. [PMID: 29242753 PMCID: PMC5724780 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a member of the ATF/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) family of transcription factors. In response to stress stimuli, ATF3 forms dimers to activate or repress gene expression. Further, ATF3 modulates the immune response, atherogenesis, cell cycle, apoptosis, and glucose homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that ATF3 may also be involved in pathogenesis of other diseases. However, more studies are needed to determine the role of ATF3 in metabolic regulation.
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83
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Yang J, Su J, Wan F, Yang N, Jiang H, Fang M, Xiao H, Wang J, Tang J. Tissue kallikrein protects against ischemic stroke by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathway in rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1163-1170. [PMID: 28810574 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain damage following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a complicated pathophysiological course, in which inflammation and oxidative stress have been suggested to serve an important role. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been suggested to be involved in secondary inflammatory process in cerebral ischemia. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an important regulator of the antioxidant host defense, maintains the cellular redox homeostasis. Tissue kallikrein (TK) has been proven to elicit a variety of biological effects in ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects remain poorly defined. The present study examined the hypothesis that TK attenuates ischemic cerebral injury via the TLR4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Using a transient rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, the effects of immediate and delayed TK treatment subsequent to reperfusion were investigated. The neurological deficits, infarct size, and the expression of TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 pathway in ischemic brain tissues were measured at 24 following MCAO. The results indicated that TK immediate treatment significantly improved neurological deficits and reduced the infarct size, accompanied by the inhibition of TLR4 and NF-κB levels, and the activation of Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, TK delayed treatment also exerted neuroprotection against I/R injury. However, the neuroprotective effect of TK immediate treatment was better compared with that of TK delayed treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that TK protected the brain against ischemic injury in rats after MCAO through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Suppression of TLR4/NF-κB and activation of the Nrf2 pathway contributed to the neuroprotective effects induced by TK in cerebral ischemia. Therefore, TK may provide an effective intervention with a wider therapeutic window for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Su
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jintan Hospital of Medical College of Jiangsu University, Jintan, Jiangsu 213200, P.R. China
| | - Fen Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Hospital of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211199, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211199, P.R. China
| | - Jinrong Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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84
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Pan H, Wang H, Jia Y, Wang Q, Li L, Wu Q, Chen L. VPA and MEL induce apoptosis by inhibiting the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in TMZ-resistant U251 cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:908-914. [PMID: 28560379 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the primary obstacle to effective treatment of glioblastoma, the most lethal brain tumor. Our previous study demonstrated that Nf-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a traditional cytoprotective transcription factor, was overexpressed in gliomas and promoted malignancy. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of Nrf2‑antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway genes in temozolomide (TMZ)‑resistant U251 human glioblastoma cells (U251‑TMZ). Additionally, the effect of valproic acid (VPA) and melatonin (MEL) on Nrf2 expression in U251‑TMZ cells and their association with chemoresistance was investigated. The results of the present study indicated that the expression levels of components of the Nrf2‑ARE signaling pathway were increased in U251‑TMZ cells compared with U251 parent cells. Silencing of Nrf2 by transfection with small interfering RNA restored the chemosensitivity of U251‑TMZ cells. The Nrf2 inhibitors VPA and MEL successfully reduced Nrf2 expression and survival in U251‑TMZ cells treated with TMZ, accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species levels and apoptosis. Therefore, VPA and MEL may be potential chemotherapeutic sensitizers for the treatment of chemoresistant glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yue Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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85
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Prieto I, Monsalve M. ROS homeostasis, a key determinant in liver ischemic-preconditioning. Redox Biol 2017; 12:1020-1025. [PMID: 28511345 PMCID: PMC5430574 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are key mediators of ischemia-reperfusion injury but also required for the induction of the stress response that limits tissue injury and underlies the protection provided by ischemic-preconditioning protocols. Liver steatosis is an important risk factor for liver transplant failure. Liver steatosis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive mitochondrial ROS production. Studies aiming at decreasing the sensibility of the steatotic liver to ischemia-reperfusion injury using pre-conditioning protocols, have shown that the steatotic liver has a reduced capacity to respond to these protocols. Recent studies indicate that these effects are related to a reduced capacity of the steatotic liver to respond to elevated ROS levels following reperfusion by inducing a compensatory response. This failure to respond to ROS is associated with reduced levels of antioxidants, mitochondrial damage, hepatocyte cell death, activation of the immune system and induction of pro-fibrotic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Kadam L, Gomez-Lopez N, Mial TN, Kohan-Ghadr HR, Drewlo S. Rosiglitazone Regulates TLR4 and Rescues HO-1 and NRF2 Expression in Myometrial and Decidual Macrophages in Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth. Reprod Sci 2017; 24:1590-1599. [PMID: 28322133 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117697128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elevated inflammation accounts for approximately 30% of preterm birth (PTB) cases. We previously reported that targeting the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) pathway reduced the incidence of PTB in the mouse model of endotoxin-induced PTB. The PPARγ has proven anti-inflammatory functions and its activation via rosiglitazone significantly downregulated the systemic inflammatory response and reduced PTB and stillbirth rate by 30% and 41%, respectively, in our model. Oxidative stress is inseparable from inflammation, and rosiglitazone has a reported antioxidative activity. In the current study, we therefore aimed to evaluate whether rosiglitazone treatment had effects outside of inflammatory pathway, specifically on the antioxidation pathway in our model. METHODS Pregnant C57BL/6J mice (E16.5) were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), rosiglitazone (Rosi), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10µg in 200µL 1XPBS), or LPS + Rosi (6 hours after the LPS injection). The myometrial and decidual tissues were collected and processed for macrophage isolation using magnetic cell sorting and F4/80+ antibody. Expression levels of antioxidative factors- Nrf2 and Ho-1-along with the LPS receptor Tlr4 were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Both the decidual and myometrial macrophages from the LPS-treated animals showed significantly lowered expression of Ho-1 and Nrf2 and higher expression of Tlr4 when compared to the PBS control group. The macrophages from the animals in the LPS + Rosi group had significantly elevated expression of Ho-1 and Nrf2 and downregulated expression of Tlr4 when compared to the LPS group. CONCLUSION Rosiglitazone administration prevents PTB by downregulating inflammation and upregulating antioxidative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Kadam
- 1 Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,3 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA.,4 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tara N Mial
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,3 Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sascha Drewlo
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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87
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Yang K, Li WF, Yu JF, Yi C, Huang WF. Diosmetin protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in mice. J Surg Res 2017. [PMID: 28624062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury remains to be a troublesome condition in clinical practice. Although the exact molecular mechanisms underlying renal I/R injury are incompletely understood, the deleterious progress of renal I/R injury involves inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Diosmetin is a member of the flavonoid glycosides family, which suppresses the inflammatory response and cellular apoptosis and enhances antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of diosmetin on I/R-induced renal injury in mice. METHODS Thirty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups. Four groups of mice received diosmetin (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) or vehicle (I/R group) before ischemia. Another group received vehicle without ischemia to serve as a negative control (sham-operated group). Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, serum and renal tissues were harvested to evaluate renal function and histopathologic features. In addition, the expression of inflammation-related proteins, apoptotic molecules, and antioxidant enzymes was analyzed. RESULTS Compared with sham mice, the I/R group significantly exacerbated renal function and renal tube architecture and increased the inflammatory response and renal tubule apoptosis. Nevertheless, pretreatment with diosmetin reversed these changes. In addition, diosmetin treatment resulted in a marked increase in antioxidant protein expression compared with I/R mice. CONCLUSIONS The renoprotective effects of diosmetin involved suppression of the nuclear factor-κB and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, as well as activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Diosmetin has significant potential as a therapeutic intervention to ameliorate renal injury after renal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Fang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Feng Yu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital Of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Feng Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
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Tian Y, Li Z, Shen B, Zhang Q, Feng H. Protective effects of morin on lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 45:148-155. [PMID: 28213269 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Morin, a bioactive flavonoid extracted from the bark of Moraceae plants and many medicinal herbs, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. In this research, we explored the protective effects of morin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and d-galactosamine (D-GalN) induced acute liver injury in mice. Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of morin before LPS and D-GalN treatment and the HepG2 cells were only given morin to investigate its effects. The results showed that morin markedly inhibited the production of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and hepatic TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) induced by LPS/D-GalN. In order to evaluate morin effect in the future, we investigated the expression of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) on liver injury. Taken together, these results suggested that morin could exert the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects against LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury by activating Nrf2 signal pathways and inhibiting NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Bingyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Haihua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
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Yuan G, Yu Y, Ji L, Jie X, Yue L, Kang Y, Jianping G, Zuojin L. Down-Regulated Receptor Interacting Protein 140 Is Involved in Lipopolysaccharide-Preconditioning-Induced Inactivation of Kupffer Cells and Attenuation of Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164217. [PMID: 27723769 PMCID: PMC5056758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preconditioning is known to attenuate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI); however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the role of receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) on the protective effect of LPS preconditioning in hepatic I/RI involving Kupffer cells (KCs). Methods Sprague—Dawley rats underwent 70% hepatic ischemia for 90 minutes. LPS (100 μg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 24 hours before ischemia. Hepatic injury was observed using serum and liver samples. The LPS/NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathway and hepatic RIP140 expression in isolated KCs were investigated. Results LPS preconditioning significantly inhibited hepatic RIP140 expression, NF-κB activation, and serum proinflammatory cytokine expression after I/RI, with an observation of remarkably reduced serum enzyme levels and histopathologic scores. Our experiments showed that protection effects could be effectively induced in KCs by LPS preconditioning, but couldn’t when RIP140 was overexpressed in KCs. Conversely, even without LPS preconditioning, protective effects were found in KCs if RIP140 expression was suppressed with siRNA. Conclusions Down-regulated RIP140 is involved in LPS-induced inactivation of KCs and hepatic I/RI attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Yuan
- Department of Infection, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - You Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xu Jie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Li Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yang Kang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Gong Jianping
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Liu Zuojin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- * E-mail:
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3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 57:173-186. [PMID: 27013356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T), the simplest member of the sulfur-containing dithiolethiones, is found in cruciferous vegetables, and has been previously reported to be a potent inducer of antioxidant genes and glutathione biosynthesis by activation of the transcription factor Nrf2. D3T is a cancer chemopreventive agent and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Although D3T has been shown to protect against neoplasia, the effect of D3T in the autoimmune inflammatory disease multiple sclerosis/experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is unknown. The present study is the first report of the therapeutic effect of D3T in EAE. Our results show D3T, administered post immunization, not only delays disease onset but also dramatically reduces disease severity in EAE. Strikingly, D3T, administered post disease onset of EAE, effectively prevents disease progression and exacerbation. Mechanistic studies revealed that D3T suppresses dendritic cell activation and cytokine production, inhibits pathogenic Th1 and Th17 differentiation, represses microglia activation and inflammatory cytokine expression, and promotes microglia phase II enzyme induction. In summary, these results indicate that D3T affects both innate and adaptive immune cells, and the protective effect of D3T in EAE might be attributed to its effects on modulating dendritic cell and microglia activation and pathogenic Th1/Th17 cell differentiation.
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91
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Zhou ZY, Ren LW, Zhan P, Yang HY, Chai DD, Yu ZW. Metformin exerts glucose-lowering action in high-fat fed mice via attenuating endotoxemia and enhancing insulin signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1063-75. [PMID: 27180982 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Accumulating evidence shows that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from gut gram-negative bacteria can be absorbed, leading to endotoxemia that triggers systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. In this study we examined whether metformin attenuated endotoxemia, thus improving insulin signaling in high-fat diet fed mice. METHODS Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 18 weeks to induce insulin resistance. One group of the mice was treated with oral metformin (100 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 4 weeks. Another group was treated with LPS (50 μg·kg(-1)·d(-1), sc) for 5 days followed by the oral metformin for 10 d. Other two groups received a combination of antibiotics for 7 d or a combination of antibiotics for 7 d followed by the oral metformin for 4 weeks, respectively. Glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in liver and muscle were evaluated, the abundance of gut bacteria, gut permeability and serum LPS levels were measured. RESULTS In high-fat fed mice, metformin restored the tight junction protein occludin-1 levels in gut, reversed the elevated gut permeability and serum LPS levels, and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Akkermansia muciniphila. Metformin also increased PKB Ser473 and AMPK T172 phosphorylation, decreased MDA contents and redox-sensitive PTEN protein levels, activated the anti-oxidative Nrf2 system, and increased IκBα in liver and muscle of the mice. Treatment with exogenous LPS abolished the beneficial effects of metformin on glucose metabolism, insulin signaling and oxidative stress in liver and muscle of the mice. Treatment with antibiotics alone produced similar effects as metformin did. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of antibiotics were addictive to those of metformin. CONCLUSION Metformin administration attenuates endotoxemia and enhances insulin signaling in high-fat fed mice, which contributes to its anti-diabetic effects.
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Covington SM, Bauler LD, Toledo-Pereyra LH. Akt: A Therapeutic Target in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J INVEST SURG 2016; 30:47-55. [PMID: 27463073 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1206999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is the second most common transplant procedure in the United States. A leading cause of post-transplantation organ dysfunction is I/R injury. During I/R injury, the serine/threonine kinase Akt is activated, stimulating downstream mediators to promote cellular survival. Due to the cellular effects of Akt, therapeutic manipulation of the Akt pathway can help reduce cellular damage during hepatic I/R that occurs during liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE A full description of therapeutic options available that target Akt to reduce hepatic I/R injury has not been addressed within the literature. The purpose of this review is to illuminate advances in the manipulation of Akt that can be used to therapeutically target I/R injury in the liver. METHODS An in depth literature review was performed using the Scopus and PubMed databases. A total of 75 published articles were utilized for this manuscript. Terminology searched includes a combination of "hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury", "Akt/PKB", "preconditioning" and "postconditioning." RESULTS Four principal methods that reduce I/R injury include hepatic pre- and postconditioning, pharmacological intervention and future miRNA/gene therapy. Discussed therapies used serum alanine aminotransferase levels, liver histology and phosphorylation of downstream mediators to confirm the Akt protective effect. CONCLUSION The activation of Akt from the reviewed therapies has resulted in predictable reduction in hepatocyte damage using the previously mentioned measurements. In a clinical setting, these therapies could potentially be used in combination to achieve better outcomes in hepatic transplant patients. Evidence supporting reduced I/R injury through Akt activation warrants further studies in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Covington
- a Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine , East Lansing, Michigan , USA
| | - Laura D Bauler
- b Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine , Kalamazoo , Michigan , USA
| | - Luis H Toledo-Pereyra
- b Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine , Kalamazoo , Michigan , USA
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93
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Total Flavonoids from Rosa laevigata Michx Fruit Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070418. [PMID: 27399769 PMCID: PMC4963894 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of total flavonoids (TFs) from Rosa laevigata Michx fruit against liver damage and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury have been reported, but its action on hepatic I/R injury remains unknown. In this work, the effects and possible mechanisms of TFs against hepatic I/R injury were examined using a 70% partial hepatic warm ischemia rat model. The results demonstrated TFs decreased serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, improved liver histopathology and ultrastructure through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and electron microscope observation. In addition, TFs significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), which indicated that TFs alleviated oxidative stress caused by I/R injury. RT-PCR results proved that TFs downregulated the gene levels of inflammatory factors including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-1 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Further research indicated that TF-induced hepatoprotection was completed through inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 and activating Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathways. Blockade of the TLR4 pathway by TFs inhibited NF-κB and AP-1 transcriptional activities and inflammatory reaction. Activation of Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway by TFs increased the protein levels of HO-1 and GST to improve oxidative stress. Collectively, these findingsconfirmed the potent effects of TFs against hepatic I/R injury, which should be developed as a candidate for the prevention of this disease.
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Wang K, Gu J, Ni X, Ding Z, Wang Q, Zhou H, Zheng S, Li B, Lu L. CD25 signaling regulates the function and stability of peripheral Foxp3+ regulatory T cells derived from the spleen and lymph nodes of mice. Mol Immunol 2016; 76:35-40. [PMID: 27344615 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in sustaining immune tolerance and maintaining immune balance to alloantigen after transplatation. However, the functions of peripheral Tregs in different organs have not been fully characterized. Here, we showed that spleen-derived Tregs exhibited higher expression of Foxp3, greater suppressive capacity, and lower levels of IL-17A secretion than lymph node-derived Tregs in vitro in the presence or absence of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6. We found a higher percentage of CD25(bright) Tregs among spleen-derived Tregs than among lymph node-derived Tregs. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrated that adoptive transfer of spleen-derived Tregs, but not lymph node-derived Tregs, alleviated ischemia-reperfusion injury. These results reveal novel functions of Tregs derived from peripheral organs. In particular, spleen-derived Tregs, primarily consisting of CD25(bright) cells, may provide a more significant contribution to the suppression of immune-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuhao Ni
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zheng Ding
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - SongGuo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, and Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Gao J, Jiang Z, Wang S, Zhou Y, Shi X, Feng M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress of Kupffer cells involved in the conversion of natural regulatory T cells to Th17 cells in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:883-9. [PMID: 26394173 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Our previous studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are reduced and Th17 cells are elevated in liver insults. Recent studies have indicated the critical role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of Kupffer cells (KCs) in evoking liver inflammation following reperfusion. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of ER stress of KCs in the conversion of Tregs to Th17 cells and the effect on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS The partial warm liver ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model was adopted. ER stress of KCs and the frequency of Tregs and Th17 cells following reperfusion were analyzed. Apart from depletion and adoptive transfer of KCs, KCs were isolated from ischemic lobes and co-cultured with Tregs to study the effect of KCs on Tregs and Th17 cells. RESULTS It was found that KCs induced ER stress, decreased natural Tregs (nTregs), and increased Th17 cells after reperfusion. Depletion of KCs modulated the reduction of nTregs and elevation of Th17 cells. Co-culture with stressed KCs led to the reduction in nTregs and elevation of Th17 cells. This effect was suppressed by anti-interleukin-6. Adoptive transfer of these stressed KCs resulted in the reduction in nTregs and elevation of Th17 cells and caused liver injury. CONCLUSION Endoplasmic reticulum stress of KCs contributed to the conversion of nTregs to Th17 cells due to interleukin-6, resulting in the worsening of liver insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghua Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Zhuang L, Fan Y, Lu L, Ding W, Ni C, Wang X, Zhang F, Rao J. Ischemic Preconditioning protects hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury via TGR5-mediated anti-apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:966-972. [PMID: 27045083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IP) has been shown to protect hepatic tissue from liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). TGR5, as a new-type bile acid receptor, has been shown protective roles in several liver diseases. However, the relationship between TGR5 and IP is still unknown. This study investigated effects of IP on TGR5 as well as the roles of TGR5 on hepatic tissue lesions and apoptosis in liver IRI. We showed that TGR5 was significantly upregulated in liver tissues after IP. To further analyzed effects of the TGR5 on liver IRI, wild type and TGR5 knockout mice were used to establish the liver IRI model. IP effectively alleviated liver IRI, but TGR5 deficiency significantly neutralized IP-related liver protection, as evidenced by serum alanine aminotransferase levels, histological liver damage, hepatocellular apoptosis and cytokines expressions. In addition, molecules related to apoptosis were detected by Western Blot, which showed that activation of TGR5 by IP increased expression of Bcl-2, and inhibited expressions of IRAK4 and cleaved caspase-3, but TGR5 deficiency abolished IP-induced expressions of anti-apoptosis molecule. In vitro, effects of TGR5 on hepatocytes were further analyzed by TGR5 agonist (INT-777) and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), which displayed that INT-777 markedly attenuated H/R-induced hepatocellular apoptosis. In conclusion, our study indicates that IP alleviates hepatocellular apoptosis, and reduces liver IRI through TGR5-mediated anti-apoptosis functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhuang
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Fan
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenbin Ding
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuangye Ni
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital and Translational Medicine Research Center of Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Chi X, Guo N, Yao W, Jin Y, Gao W, Cai J, Hei Z. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 by hemin protects lung against orthotopic autologous liver transplantation-induced acute lung injury in rats. J Transl Med 2016; 14:35. [PMID: 26838179 PMCID: PMC4736160 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-liver transplantation acute lung injury (ALI) severely affects patients' survival, whereas the mechanism is unclear and effective therapy is lacking. The authors postulated that reperfusion-induced increased oxidative stress plays a critical role in mediating post-liver transplantation ALI and that induction of heme oxgenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme with anti-oxidative stress properties, can confer effective protection of lung against ALI. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (OALT) in the absence or presence of treatments with the selective HO-1 inducer (Hemin) or HO-1 inhibitor (ZnPP). Lung tissues were collected at 8 h after OALT, pathological scores and lung water content were evaluated; survival rate of rats was analyzed; protein expression of HO-1 was determined by western blotting, and nuclear translocation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65 were detected by Immunofluorescence staining. The inflammatory cytokines and oxidative indexes of lung tissue were determined. RESULTS In lungs harvested at the early stage i.e. 8 h after OALT, Hemin treatment significantly increased superoxide dismutase activities, and reduced malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, interleukin-6, myeloperoxidase, and tumor necrosis factor-α production,which were associated with increased HO-1 protein expression and lower pathological scores and increased survival rate of rats. The underline mechanisms might associate with activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. However, these changes were aggravated by ZnPP. CONCLUSIONS Hemin pretreatment, by enhancing HO-1 induction, increased lung antioxidant capacity and reduced inflammatory stress,protected the lung from OALT-induced ALI at early stage of reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjin Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wanling Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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Yang CJ, Fan ZX, Yang J, Yang J. Activating transcription factor 3: A promising therapeutic target for remission myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Int J Cardiol 2015; 201:102-3. [PMID: 26292276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
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Cheng Z, Yue L, Zhao W, Yang X, Shu G. Protective effects of protostemonine on LPS/GalN-induced acute liver failure: Roles of increased hepatic expression of heme oxygenase-1. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:798-807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chen Z, Liu H, Lei S, Zhao B, Xia Z. LY294002 prevents lipopolysaccharide‑induced hepatitis in a murine model by suppressing IκB phosphorylation. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:811-6. [PMID: 26647861 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fulminant hepatitis represents a ubiquitous human health problem, there is a lack of effective therapeutic strategies that have few side‑effects and the precise mechanisms underlying fulminant hepatitis are not fully understood. Phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) is a pivotal kinase known to regulate inflammatory responses in hepatic diseases. Although previous research indicates that PI3K is involved in cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, it currently remains unclear whether the inhibition of PI3K is essential for ameliorating the severity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced hepatitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether pharmacological blockade of PI3K ameliorates the development of LPS‑induced murine acute hepatic injury. A murine model of LPS‑induced acute hepatic injury was used to investigate the therapeutic effect of the pan‑PI3K inhibitor, LY294002 on murine fulminant hepatitis and to investigate potential underlying mechanisms. The current report presents the in vivo role of LY294002 in protecting the mice from fulminant hepatitis. LY294002 was observed to exert significant protective effects on the liver by reducing the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as by improving the histological architecture of the liver. In LPS‑induced hepatitis, treatment with LY294002 clearly inhibited intrahepatic synthesis of various disease‑relevant proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑6, IL‑1β and interferon‑γ. Furthermore, LY294002 was observed to significantly inhibit IκB phosphorylation in LPS‑injured mouse liver samples. Therefore, LY294002 may protect the liver from LPS‑induced injury by inhibition of the IκB‑nuclear factor κ‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cell dependent signaling pathway. Thus, the current report provides evidence that LY294002 exerts potent effects against LPS‑induced hepatic injury, indicating its potential therapeutic value for the treatment of acute hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhize Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqin Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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