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Physiological Effects of Green-Colored Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide. Epidemiological studies strongly highlight various benefits of consuming colorful fruits and vegetables in everyday life. In this review, we aimed to revisit previous studies conducted in the last few decades regarding green-colored foods and their bioactive compounds in consideration of treating and/or preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review draws a comprehensive summary and assessment of research on the physiological effects of various bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols, derived from green-colored fruits and vegetables. In particular, their health-beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and lipid-lowering properties, will be discussed. Furthermore, the bioavailability and significance of action of these bioactive compounds on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases will be discussed in detail.
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Djeujo FM, Ragazzi E, Urettini M, Sauro B, Cichero E, Tonelli M, Froldi G. Magnolol and Luteolin Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Activity: Kinetics and Type of Interaction Detected by In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020205. [PMID: 35215317 PMCID: PMC8880268 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol and luteolin are two natural compounds recognized in several medicinal plants widely used in traditional medicine, including type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to determine the inhibitory activity of magnolol and luteolin on α-glucosidase activity. Their biological profile was studied by multispectroscopic methods along with inhibitory kinetic analysis and computational experiments. Magnolol and luteolin decreased the enzymatic activity in a concentration-dependent manner. With 0.075 µM α-glucosidase, the IC50 values were similar for both compounds (~ 32 µM) and significantly lower than for acarbose (815 μM). Magnolol showed a mixed-type antagonism, while luteolin showed a non-competitive inhibition mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the binding of magnolol was predominantly sustained by hydrophobic interactions, while luteolin mainly exploited van der Waals contacts and hydrogen bonds. Synchronous fluorescence revealed that magnolol interacted with the target, influencing the microenvironment around tyrosine residues, and circular dichroism explained a rearrangement of the secondary structure of α-glucosidase from the initial α-helix to the final conformation enriched with β-sheet and random coil. Docking studies provided support for the experimental results. Altogether, the data propose magnolol, for the first time, as a potential α-glucosidase inhibitor and add further evidence to the inhibitory role of luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Medjiofack Djeujo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (F.M.D.); (E.R.); (M.U.); (B.S.)
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (F.M.D.); (E.R.); (M.U.); (B.S.)
| | - Miriana Urettini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (F.M.D.); (E.R.); (M.U.); (B.S.)
| | - Beatrice Sauro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (F.M.D.); (E.R.); (M.U.); (B.S.)
| | - Elena Cichero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16128 Genova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-049-827-5092 (G.F.); Fax: +39-049-827-5093 (G.F.)
| | - Michele Tonelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16128 Genova, Italy;
| | - Guglielmina Froldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (F.M.D.); (E.R.); (M.U.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-049-827-5092 (G.F.); Fax: +39-049-827-5093 (G.F.)
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Catarina Duarte A, Raquel Costa A, Gonçalves I, Quintela T, Preissner R, R A Santos C. The druggability of bitter taste receptors for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114915. [PMID: 35051386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain remains a major pharmacology challenge. A complex system of chemical surveillance to protect the brain from endogenous and exogenous toxicants at brain barriers hinders the uptake of many compounds with significant in vitro and ex vivo therapeutic properties. Despite the advances in the field in recent years, the components of this system are not completely understood. Recently, a large group of chemo-sensing receptors, have been identified in the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Among these chemo-sensing receptors, bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) hold promise as potential drug targets, as many TAS2R bind compounds with recognized neuroprotective activity (quercetin, resveratrol, among others). Whether activation of TAS2R by their ligands contributes to their diverse biological actions described in other cells and tissues is still debatable. In this review, we discuss the potential role of TAS2R gene family as the mediators of the biological activity of their ligands for the treatment of central nervous system disorders and discuss their potential to counteract drug resistance by improving drug delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Duarte
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; CPIRN-IPG- Centro de Potencial e Inovação de Recursos Naturais- Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, 6300-559, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Costa
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Robert Preissner
- Institute of Physiology and Science-IT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Philippstrasse 12, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cecília R A Santos
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Xiong Gao A, Xia TCX, Shing-Hung Mak M, Kin-Leung Kwan K, Zhong-Yu Zheng B, Xiao J, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Luteolin stimulates the NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in cultured PC12 cells through binding with NGF and potentiating its receptor signaling. Food Funct 2021; 12:11515-11525. [PMID: 34704574 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid in fruits and vegetables, has neurotrophic functions without a well-characterized mechanism. Here, we hypothesize a direct interaction of luteolin with nerve growth factor (NGF); as such, the functionality of the NGF could be potentiated. The direct binding of luteolin with NGF was validated by ultra-filtration, Biacore, and docking analyses. In cultured PC12 cells, application of luteolin in combination with a low dose of NGF potentiated the NGF-induced differentiation of neurons by an increase of the differentiated cell number to 25.4 ± 4.8% (p < 0.01), as well as the increased expression of neurofilaments by 119 ± 32.1% (p < 0.05), 191 ± 12.6% (p < 0.01), and 110 ± 23.4% (p < 0.05) for NF68, NF160 and NF200, respectively. The co-treatment induced the phosphorylations of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) by 2 to 3 fold: these induced phosphorylations were mimicking that of a high dose of NGF. Moreover, the application of the TrkA inhibitor, K252a, blocked the luteolin-mediated induction of neurofilament expression and neurite outgrowth in cultured PC12 cells, suggesting the target specificity. The result supports the development of luteolin as a therapeutic, or preventive, agent for NGF insufficiency-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Xiong Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tracy Chen-Xi Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marvin Shing-Hung Mak
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Kin-Leung Kwan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brody Zhong-Yu Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Shaanxi, 721013, China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Shazmeen, Haq I, Rajoka MSR, Asim Shabbir M, Umair M, llah I, Manzoor MF, Nemat A, Abid M, Khan MR, Aadil RM. Role of stilbenes against insulin resistance: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6389-6405. [PMID: 34760269 PMCID: PMC8565239 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a state characterized by the inability of tissues to utilize blood glucose particularly liver, muscle, and adipose tissues resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. A close relationship exists between IR and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, therapeutic approaches to treat IR also improve T2D simultaneously. Scientific evidence has highlighted the major role of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), environmental & genetic factors, and auto-immune disorders in the pathophysiology of IR. Among therapeutic remedies, nutraceuticals like polyphenols are being used widely to ameliorate IR due to their safer nature compared to pharmaceutics. Stilbenes are considered important metabolically active polyphenols currently under the limelight of research to cope with IR. In this review, efforts are made to elucidate cellular and subcellular mechanisms influenced by stilbenes including modulating insulin signaling cascade, correcting glucose transport pathways, lowering postprandial glucose levels, and protecting β-cell damage and its effects on the hyperactive immune system and proinflammatory cytokines to attenuate IR. Furthermore, future directions to further the research in stilbenes as a strong candidate against IR are included so that concrete recommendation for their use in humans is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazmeen
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Iahtisham‐Ul Haq
- School of Food and NutritionFaculty of Allied Health SciencesMinhaj UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Food and Feed Immunology GroupLaboratory of Animal Food FunctionGraduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Muhmmad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Inam‐u llah
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of HaripurKhyber‐PakhtunkhwaPakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health SciencesRiphah International UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Arash Nemat
- Department of MicrobiologyKabul University of Medical SciencesKabulAfghanistan
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Institute of Food and Nutritional SciencesArid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
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Anwar H, Rasul A, Iqbal J, Ahmad N, Imran A, Malik SA, Ijaz F, Akram R, Maqbool J, Sajid F, Sun T, Hussain G, Manzoor MF. Dietary biomolecules as promising regenerative agents for peripheral nerve injury: An emerging nutraceutical-based therapeutic approach. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13989. [PMID: 34719796 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve damage is a debilitating condition that can result in partial or complete functional loss as a result of axonal degeneration, as well as lifelong dependence. Many therapies have been imbued with a plethora of positive features while posing little risks. It is worth noting that these biomolecules work by activating several intrinsic pathways that are known to be important in peripheral nerve regeneration. Although the underlying mechanism is used for accurate and speedy functional recovery, none of them are without side effects. As a result, it is believed that effective therapy is currently lacking. The dietary biomolecules-based intervention, among other ways, is appealing, safe, and effective. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF may occur as a result of these substances' dietary intake. Upregulation of the signaling pathways ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA has also been seen, which aids in axonal regeneration. Although several mechanistic approaches to understanding their involvement have been suggested, more work is needed to reveal the amazing properties of these biomolecules. We have discussed in this article that how different dietary biomolecules can help with functional recovery and regeneration after an injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Based on the information known to date, we may conclude that treatment techniques for peripheral nerve injury have downsides, such as complications, donor shortages, adverse effects, unaffordability, and a lack of precision in efficacy. These difficulties cast doubt on their efficacy and raise severe concerns about the prescription. In this situation, the need for safe and effective therapeutic techniques is unavoidable, and dietary biomolecules appear to be a safe, cost-efficient, and effective way to promote nerve regeneration following an injury. The information on these biomolecules has been summarized here. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors, such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF, as well as the ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA, signaling pathways, may stimulate axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Neurology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Fazeela Ijaz
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tao Sun
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Solubility of Luteolin and Other Polyphenolic Compounds in Water, Nonpolar, Polar Aprotic and Protic Solvents by Applying FTIR/HPLC. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, flavonoids have become a highly researched topic due to their health beneficial effects. Since flavonoids’ solubility plays a significant role in their use in pharmaceutical, food, biological, and chemical areas, the determination of suitable solvents is crucial. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis was used to characterize functional groups of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds, namely luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, naringenin, gallic acid and tannic acid. Concentration dependence on transmittance was evaluated for these compounds in ethanol. Afterwards, luteolin was chosen as a model flavonoid, with its concentration correlated with transmittance using 15 solvents with different polarities. Luteolin solubility was further corroborated with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results shed light on using FTIR as a semi-quantitative method for the initial screening of solvents and the solubility of different compounds while saving time and solvents. Hence, HPLC would only be needed as a final step for the most promising solvents.
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Theerawatanasirikul S, Thangthamniyom N, Kuo CJ, Semkum P, Phecharat N, Chankeeree P, Lekcharoensuk P. Natural Phytochemicals, Luteolin and Isoginkgetin, Inhibit 3C Protease and Infection of FMDV, In Silico and In Vitro. Viruses 2021; 13:2118. [PMID: 34834926 PMCID: PMC8625466 DOI: 10.3390/v13112118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals resulting in economic losses worldwide. The 3C protease (3Cpro) is the main protease essential in the picornavirus life cycle, which is an attractive antiviral target. Here, we used computer-aided virtual screening to filter potential anti-FMDV agents from the natural phytochemical compound libraries. The top 23 filtered compounds were examined for anti-FMDV activities by a cell-based assay, two of which possessed antiviral effects. In the viral and post-viral entry experiments, luteolin and isoginkgetin could significantly block FMDV growth with low 50% effective concentrations (EC50). Moreover, these flavonoids could reduce the viral load as determined by RT-qPCR. However, their prophylactic activities were less effective. Both the cell-based and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based protease assays confirmed that isoginkgetin was a potent FMDV 3Cpro inhibitor with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 39.03 ± 0.05 and 65.3 ± 1.7 μM, respectively, whereas luteolin was less effective. Analyses of the protein-ligand interactions revealed that both compounds fit in the substrate-binding pocket and reacted to the key enzymatic residues of the 3Cpro. Our findings suggested that luteolin and isoginkgetin are promising antiviral agents for FMDV and other picornaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin Theerawatanasirikul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Nattarat Thangthamniyom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (N.T.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Chih-Jung Kuo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ploypailin Semkum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (N.T.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Nantawan Phecharat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (N.T.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Penpitcha Chankeeree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (N.T.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Porntippa Lekcharoensuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (N.T.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (P.C.)
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Manzoor MF, Xu B, Khan S, Shukat R, Ahmad N, Imran M, Rehman A, Karrar E, Aadil RM, Korma SA. Impact of high-intensity thermosonication treatment on spinach juice: Bioactive compounds, rheological, microbial, and enzymatic activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105740. [PMID: 34492523 PMCID: PMC8427224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
To study the impacts of thermosonication (TS), the spinach juice treated with TS (200 W, 400 W, and 600 W, 30 kHz, at 60 ± 1 °C for 20 mint) were investigated for bioactive compounds, antioxidant activities, color properties, particle size, rheological behavior, suspension stability, enzymatic and microbial loads. As a result, TS processing significantly improved the bioactive compounds (total flavonols, total flavonoids, total phenolic, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and anthocyanins), antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP assay) in spinach juice. Also, TS treatments had higher b*,L*, hue angle (h0), and chroma (C) values, while minimuma* value as compared to untreated and pasteurized samples. TS processing significantly reduced the particle size, improved the suspension stability and rheological properties (shear stress, apparent viscosity, and shear rate) of spinach juice as compared to the untreated and pasteurized sample. TS plays a synergistic part in microbial reduction and gained maximum microbial safety. Moreover, TS treatments inactivated the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase from 0.97 and 0.034 Abs min-1 (untreated) to 0.31 and 0.018 Abs min-1, respectively. The spinach juice sample treated at a high intensity (600 W, 30 kHz, at 60 ± 1 °C for 20 mint, TS3) exhibited complete inactivation of microbial loads (<1 log CFU/ml), the highest reduction in enzymatic activities, better suspension stability, color properties, and highest bioactive compounds. Collectively, the verdicts proposed that TS processing could be a worthwhile option to pasteurize the spinach juice to enhance the overall quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China; Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
| | - Sipper Khan
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics Group, Garbenstrasse 9, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rizwan Shukat
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore-Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sameh A Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazing University, Sharkia, Egypt
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Manzoor MF, Hussain A, Sameen A, Sahar A, Khan S, Siddique R, Aadil RM, Xu B. Novel extraction, rapid assessment and bioavailability improvement of quercetin: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105686. [PMID: 34358980 PMCID: PMC8350193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (QUR) have got the attention of scientific society frequently due to their wide range of potential applications. QUR has been the focal point for research in various fields, especially in food development. But, the QUR is highly unstable and can be interrupted by using conventional assessment methods. Therefore, researchers are focusing on novel extraction and non-invasive tools for the non-destructive assessment of QUR. The current review elaborates the different novel extraction (ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction) and non-destructive assessment techniques (fluorescence spectroscopy, terahertz spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, Raman spectroscopy, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) for the extraction and identification of QUR in agricultural products. The novel extraction approaches facilitate shorter extraction time, involve less organic solvent, and are environmentally friendly. While the non-destructive techniques are non-interruptive, label-free, reliable, accurate, and environmental friendly. The non-invasive spectroscopic and imaging methods are suitable for the sensitive detection of bioactive compounds than conventional techniques. QUR has potential therapeutic properties such as anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, antiallergic, antineoplastic agent, neuroprotector, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Besides, due to the low bioavailability of QUR innovative drug delivery strategies (QUR loaded gel, QUR polymeric micelle, QUR nanoparticles, glucan-QUR conjugate, and QUR loaded mucoadhesive nanoemulsions) have been proposed to improve its bioavailability and providing novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China; Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abid Hussain
- Department of Agriculture and Food Technology, Karakoram International University Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Sameen
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sipper Khan
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics Group, Garbenstrasse 9, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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Rabail R, Saleem J, Tanveer Z, Patching SG, Khalid AR, Sultan MT, Manzoor MF, Karrar E, Inam‐Ur‐Raheem M, Shabbir MA, Aadil RM. Nutritional and lifestyle changes required for minimizing the recovery period in home quarantined COVID-19 patients of Punjab, Pakistan. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5036-5059. [PMID: 34518779 PMCID: PMC8426696 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced a new battle in human history for a safe and fearless life. Therefore, this cross-sectional survey was conducted (Punjab, Pakistan) on healthy recovered, home quarantined COVID-19 patients to draw conclusive health support guidelines in the fight against this pandemic. COVID-19 recovered patients (n = 80) of age ≥14 years were randomly selected during the period November 2020 to February 2021. A nutrition and lifestyle changes questionnaire, containing ten sections and seventy questions, was completed through the telephone/WhatsApp. Data were transferred into an Excel spreadsheet and statistically analyzed by applying chi-square, correlation, and a t test of independent values using SPSS-16 software. The patients had an age range of 14 to 80 years, of which 52 (65%) were male and 28 (35%) were female, and 32 (40%) had a normal BMI. The patients had a peak COVID-19 recovery period of 2 weeks, and a mean recovery period of 2.8 ± 1.4 weeks. Certain variables, including gender (males), age (>40 years), sleep (≤5 hr), less/no physical activity, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune diseases, were significantly associated with delayed recovery. Poor nutritional outcomes, including lower intakes of water, legumes, nuts, meat, and milk/yogurt; and higher consumption of fast/fried/junk/spicy foods and cold water/drinks, were also significantly associated with a longer recovery period. The results were similar for not taking daily doses of multivitamins, and vitamins C, D, E, and zinc. This study identified that staying physically active, maintaining sensible body weight, having a sleep of 7 hr, consuming more foods of plant origin especially plant-based proteins from nuts and legumes, taking supplemental doses of multivitamins, vitamin D, E, and zinc, along with drinking ≥2 L of water daily can provide a significant role in early and safe recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshina Rabail
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Javeria Saleem
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Social and Cultural StudiesUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Zunera Tanveer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)University of LahoreLahorePakistan
- Department of PhysiologyBolan University of Medical and Health Sciences (BUMHS)QuettaPakistan
| | - Simon G. Patching
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Abdur Rauf Khalid
- Department of Livestock and Poultry ProductionFaculty of Veterinary SciencesBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | | | | | - Emad Karrar
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity GeziraWad MedaniSudan
| | - Muhammad Inam‐Ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
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62
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Ahmed Z, Faisal Manzoor M, Hussain A, Hanif M, Zia-Ud-Din, Zeng XA. Study the impact of ultra-sonication and pulsed electric field on the quality of wheat plantlet juice through FTIR and SERS. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105648. [PMID: 34182313 PMCID: PMC8250445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electric field (PEF) and Ultrasound (US) are commonly used in food processing. We investigated the combined impact of pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultrasound (US) on the wheat plantlet juice. When compared with the individual treatments, the highest values of total phenolics, total flavonoids, chlorophyll, ORAC assay, and DPPH activities were obtained using the combined (US + PEF) methods. The US + PEF significantly decreased the peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities from 0.87 to 0.27 Abs min-1 and 0.031-0.016 Abs min-1. Also, the synergistic application significantly lowered the yeast and mold (3.92 to 2.11 log CFU/mL), E. coli/Coliform (1.95 to 0.96 log CFU/mL), and aerobics (4.41 to 2.01 log CFU/mL). Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to analyzing juice quality. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as the SERS substrates, which provided stronger Raman peaks for the samples treated with US + PEF methods. The FT-IR analysis showed significant enhancement of the nutritional molecules. The enhanced quality of wheat plantlet juice combined with lower yeast and mold suggests the suitability of integrated methods for further research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Muddasir Hanif
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Zia-Ud-Din
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, PR China.
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63
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Identification of Secondary Metabolites in Flammulina velutipes by UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/4103952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Flammulina velutipes is the fourth largest edible fungus in China with high nutritional value. In this paper, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS) was used to identify the secondary metabolites of F. velutipes. The metabolites were identified by comparing the retention time, accurate molecular weight, and MS2 data with standard databases of mzVault and mzCloud (compound: 17,000+) and BGI high-resolution accurate mass plant metabolome database (plant metabolite: 2500+). Finally, 26 secondary metabolites were preliminarily identified, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, and steroids.
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64
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A scientific approach to extraction methods and stability of pigments from Amazonian fruits. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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65
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Arooj M, Imran S, Inam‐ur‐Raheem M, Rajoka MSR, Sameen A, Siddique R, Sahar A, Tariq S, Riaz A, Hussain A, Siddeeg A, Aadil RM. Lotus seeds ( Nelumbinis semen) as an emerging therapeutic seed: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3971-3987. [PMID: 34262752 PMCID: PMC8269573 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nelumbinis semen is commonly known as lotus seeds that have been used as a vegetable, functional food, and medicine for 7,000 years. These are low caloric, a rich source of multiple nutrients and bioactive constituents, which make it a unique therapeutic food. N. semen plays an important part in the physiological functions of the body. Nowadays, people are more conscious about their health and desire to treat disease naturally with minimal side effects. So, functional foods are getting popularity due to a wide range of essential constituents, which are associated to decrease the risk of chronic diseases. These bioactive compounds from seeds are involved in anti-adipogenic, antioxidant, antitumor, cardiovascular, hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, anti-microbial, anti-viral, hypoglycemic, etc. Moreover, the relationship between functional compounds along with their mechanism of action in the body, their extraction from the seeds for further research would be of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzalfa Arooj
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Saira Imran
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam‐ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Aysha Sameen
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food EngineeringUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Shiza Tariq
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ayesha Riaz
- Institute of Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of GeziraWad MedaniSudan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
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66
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Guo YX, Zhang Y, Gao YH, Deng SY, Wang LM, Li CQ, Li X. Role of Plant-Derived Natural Compounds in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Review of the Treatment Potential and Development Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639651. [PMID: 34262447 PMCID: PMC8273381 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that is mainly mediated by pathological T-cells. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-known animal model of MS that is used to study the underlying mechanism and offers a theoretical basis for developing a novel therapy for MS. Good therapeutic effects have been observed after the administration of natural compounds and their derivatives as treatments for EAE. However, there has been a severe lag in the research and development of drug mechanisms related to MS. This review examines natural products that have the potential to effectively treat MS. The relevant data were consulted in order to elucidate the regulated mechanisms acting upon EAE by the flavonoids, glycosides, and triterpenoids derived from natural products. In addition, novel technologies such as network pharmacology, molecular docking, and high-throughput screening have been gradually applied in natural product development. The information provided herein can help improve targeting and timeliness for determining the specific mechanisms involved in natural medicine treatment and lay a foundation for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Han Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si-Ying Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Mei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui-Qin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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67
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Jiang W, Xia T, Liu C, Li J, Zhang W, Sun C. Remodeling the Epigenetic Landscape of Cancer-Application Potential of Flavonoids in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:705903. [PMID: 34235089 PMCID: PMC8255972 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.705903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA regulation, are physiological regulatory changes that affect gene expression without modifying the DNA sequence. Although epigenetic disorders are considered a sign of cell carcinogenesis and malignant events that affect tumor progression and drug resistance, in view of the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications, clinicians believe that associated mechanisms can be a key target for cancer prevention and treatment. In contrast, epidemiological and preclinical studies indicated that the epigenome is constantly reprogrammed by intake of natural organic compounds and the environment, suggesting the possibility of utilizing natural compounds to influence epigenetics in cancer therapy. Flavonoids, although not synthesized in the human body, can be consumed daily and are common in medicinal plants, vegetables, fruits, and tea. Recently, numerous reports provided evidence for the regulation of cancer epigenetics by flavonoids. Considering their origin in natural and food sources, few side effects, and remarkable biological activity, the epigenetic antitumor effects of flavonoids warrant further investigation. In this article, we summarized and analyzed the multi-dimensional epigenetic effects of all 6 subtypes of flavonoids (including flavonols, flavones, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanols, and anthocyanidin) in different cancer types. Additionally, our report also provides new insights and a promising direction for future research and development of flavonoids in tumor prevention and treatment via epigenetic modification, in order to realize their potential as cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Jiang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Clinical Medical Colleges, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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68
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Comparison of Different Methods for Extracting the Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis: Chemical Composition and Biological Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123569. [PMID: 34208026 PMCID: PMC8230668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the impact of different cell disruption techniques (high-pressure micro fluidization (HPMF), ionic liquids (ILs), multi-enzyme (ME), and hydrochloric acid (HCl)) on the chemical composition and biological activity of astaxanthin (AST) obtained from Haematococcus pluvialis was investigated. Results indicated that all cell disruption techniques had a significant effect on AST composition, which were confirmed by TLC and UPC2 analysis. AST recovery from HCl (HCl-AST) and ILs (ILs-AST) cell disruption techniques was dominant by free and monoesters AST, while AST recovery from HPMF (HPMF-AST) and ME (ME-AST) cell disruption techniques was composed of monoesters, diesters, and free AST. Further biological activity analysis displayed that HCl-AST showed the highest ABTS and DPPH activity, while ILs-AST showed better results against the ORAC assay. Additionally, ILs-AST exhibits a stronger anti-proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, which was ascribed to AST-induced ROS in to inhibit the proliferative of cancer cells.
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69
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Arshad R, Gulshad L, Haq I, Farooq MA, Al‐Farga A, Siddique R, Manzoor MF, Karrar E. Nanotechnology: A novel tool to enhance the bioavailability of micronutrients. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3354-3361. [PMID: 34136200 PMCID: PMC8194941 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of food systems, diagnostics, therapeutics, pharmaceuticals, the agriculture sector, and nutraceuticals. Nanoparticles are playing important role in giving the solution to enhance bioavailability of oral delivery of bioactive compounds. This review revealed that nanoparticles can improve the bioavailability of micronutrients, for example, vitamin B12, vitamin A, folic acid, and iron. However, toxicity associated with nanoparticle-based delivery systems is still a major concern after ingestion of nano-based supplements. The mode of the mechanism of nanomaterial along with bioactive components in different physiological conditions of the human body is also a major gap in the field of nanoceuticals. In the future, more evidence-based clinical investigations are needed to confirm the exact approach to physiological changes in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Arshad
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional SciencesThe University of Lahore, Gujrat CampusGujratPakistan
| | - Lubaba Gulshad
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional SciencesThe University of Lahore, Gujrat CampusGujratPakistan
| | - Iahtisham‐Ul‐ Haq
- School of Food and NutritionFaculty of Allied Health SciencesMinhaj UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad Adil Farooq
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan
| | - Ammar Al‐Farga
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Emad Karrar
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of GeziraWad MedaniSudan
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70
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Luteolin and cancer metastasis suppression: focus on the role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Med Oncol 2021; 38:66. [PMID: 33950369 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a physiological process that assumes a primary role in the induction of cancer metastasis. This results in increased cell renewal, and resistance to cell death and therapies. EMT, therefore, represents an effective strategy for regulating cancerous cell activity. A need for efficacy and low cytotoxicity epithelial to mesenchymal transition modifying drugs has led to the investigational testing of the efficacy of plethora of different groups of phytonutrients. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid inhibits the growth of cancer cells by various mechanisms, such as the stimulation of cancer cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell replication, tumor growth, improvement of drug resistance, prevention of cancer cell intrusiveness and metastasis. This review article focuses on the anti-cancer and anti-metastatic potential of luteolin targeting various transcription factors, markers and signaling pathways associated with the repression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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71
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Faisal Manzoor M, Ahmed Z, Ahmad N, Karrar E, Rehman A, Muhammad Aadil R, Al‐Farga A, Waheed Iqbal M, Rahaman A, Zeng X. Probing the combined impact of pulsed electric field and ultra‐sonication on the quality of spinach juice. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Life Science Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ammar Al‐Farga
- Department of Biochemistry College of Sciences University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xin‐An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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72
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Li X, He X, Chen S, Le Y, Bryant MS, Guo L, Witt KL, Mei N. The genotoxicity potential of luteolin is enhanced by CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. Toxicol Lett 2021; 344:58-68. [PMID: 33727136 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin (5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone) belongs to the flavone subclass of flavonoids. Luteolin and its glycosides are present in many botanical families, including edible plants, fruits, and vegetables. While the beneficial properties of luteolin have been widely studied, fewer studies have investigated its toxicity. In the present study, using human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells and our newly developed TK6-derived cell lines that each stably express a single human cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C18, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7), we systematically evaluated luteolin-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, and the role of specific CYPs in the bioactivation of luteolin. Treatments with luteolin for 4-24 h induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, DNA damage, and chromosome damage in a concentration-dependent manner. Subsequently, we observed that luteolin-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, measured by the high-throughput micronucleus assay, were significantly increased in TK6 cells transduced with CYP1A1 and 1A2. In addition, key apoptosis and DNA damage biomarkers, including cleaved PARP-1, cleaved caspase-3, and phosphorylated histone 2AX (γH2A.X), were all significantly increased in the CYP1A1- and 1A2-expressing cells compared with the empty vector controls. Analysis by LC-MS/MS revealed that TK6 cells biotransformed the majority of luteolin into diosmetin, a less toxic O-methylated flavone, after 24 h; the presence of CYP1A1 and 1A2 partially reversed this process. Altogether, these results indicate that metabolism by CYP1A1 and 1A2 enhanced the toxicity of luteolin in vitro. Our results further support the utility of our TK6 cell system for identification of the specific CYPs responsible for chemical bioactivation and toxicity potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Xiaobo He
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Yuan Le
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Matthew S Bryant
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Kristine L Witt
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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73
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Xia S, Zhong Z, Gao B, Vong CT, Lin X, Cai J, Gao H, Chan G, Li C. The important herbal pair for the treatment of COVID-19 and its possible mechanisms. Chin Med 2021; 16:25. [PMID: 33658066 PMCID: PMC7927769 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an unprecedented disaster for people around the world. Many studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are effective in treating COVID-19. However, it is difficult to find the most effective combination herbal pair among numerous herbs, as well as identifying its potential mechanisms. Herbal pair is the main form of a combination of TCM herbs, which is widely used for the treatment of diseases. It can also help us to better understand the compatibility of TCM prescriptions, thus improving the curative effects. The purpose of this article is to explore the compatibility of TCM prescriptions and identify the most important herbal pair for the treatment of COVID-19, and then analyze the active components and potential mechanisms of this herbal pair. METHODS We first systematically sorted the TCM prescriptions recommended by the leading experts for treating COVID-19, and the specific herbs contained in these prescriptions across different stages of the disease. Next, the association rule approach was employed to examine the distribution and compatibility among these TCM prescriptions, and then identify the most important herbal pair. On this basis, we further investigated the active ingredients and potential targets in the selected herbal pair by a network pharmacology approach, and analyzed the potential mechanisms against COVID-19. Finally, the main active compounds in the herbal pair were selected for molecular docking with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) 3CLpro and angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) for further verification. RESULT We obtained 32 association rules for the herbal combinations in the selection of TCM treatment for COVID-19. The results showed that the combination of Amygdalus Communis Vas (ACV) and Ephedra sinica Stapf (ESS) had the highest confidence degree and lift value, as well as high support degree, which can be used in almost all the stages of COVID-19, so ACV and ESS (AE) were selected as the most important herbal pair. There were 26 active ingredients and 44 potential targets, which might be related to the herbal pair of AE against COVID-19. The main active ingredients of AE against COVID-19 were quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, while the potential targets were Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 1 (MAPK)1, MAPK8, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) p65 subunit (RELA). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) cluster demonstrated that IL-6 was the seed in the cluster, which plays an important role in connecting other nodes in the PPI network. The potential pathways mainly involved tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Toll-like receptor (TLR), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLRs). The molecular docking results showed that the main active ingredients of AE have good affinity with SARS-COV-2 3CLpro and ACE2, which are consistent with the above analysis. CONCLUSIONS There were 32 association rules in the TCM prescriptions recommended by experts for COVID-19. The combination of ACV and EAS was the most important herbal pair for the treatment of COVID-19. AE might have therapeutic effects against COVID-19 by affecting the inflammatory and immune responses, cell apoptosis, hypoxia damage and other pathological processes through multiple components, targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Xia
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou District, 350122, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Bizhen Gao
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou District, 350122, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Xuejuan Lin
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou District, 350122, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350108, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanlu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao, China.
| | - Candong Li
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qiuyang Road, Minhou District, 350122, Fuzhou, China.
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Karrar E, Ahmed IAM, Manzoor MF, Sarpong F, Wei W, Wang X. Gurum Seeds: A Potential Source of Edible Oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Gezira Wad Medani P.O.Box20 Sudan
| | - Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Frederick Sarpong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 People's Republic of China
- Value Addition Division Oil Palm Research Institute‐Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Kade BOX 74 Ghana
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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Zhang KK, Wang H, Qu D, Chen LJ, Wang LB, Li JH, Liu JL, Xu LL, Yoshida JS, Xu JT, Xie XL, Li DR. Luteolin Alleviates Methamphetamine-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Suppressing the p53 Pathway-Mediated Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammation in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:641917. [PMID: 33679421 PMCID: PMC7933587 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.641917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Misuse of the psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) could induce serious hepatotoxicity. Our previous study revealed the effects of luteolin on alleviating METH-induced hepatotoxicity, however, the detailed mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, rats were orally pretreated with 100 mg/kg luteolin or sodium dodecyl sulfate water, and then METH (15 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) or saline was administered. Histopathological and biochemical analyses were used to determine the alleviative effects of luteolin. Based on the RNA-sequencing data, METH induced 1859 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in comparison with the control group, which were enriched into 11 signaling pathways. Among these DEGs, 497 DEGs could be regulated through luteolin treatment and enriched into 16 pathways. The p53 signaling pathway was enriched in both METH administered and luteolin pretreated rats. Meanwhile, luteolin significantly suppressed METH-induced elevation of p53, caspase9, caspase3, cleaved caspase3, the ratio of Bax/Beclin-2, as well as autophagy-related Beclin-1, Atg5, and LC3-II. Luteolin also relieved METH-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing inflammation factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18. Moreover, the levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and the normalized ratio of p-Akt/Akt declined after METH administration, whereas luteolin pretreatment failed to reverse these effects. Our results suggest that luteolin alleviates METH-induced hepatic apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation through repressing the p53 pathway. It further illustrates the protective mechanisms of luteolin on METH-induced hepatotoxicity and provides a research basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jian Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Bin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jing-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China.,Department of Forensic Clinical Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ri Li
- Department of Forensic Evidence Science, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tyagi V, Saravanan C, Wang Y, Bhattacharya B. Solvent Dependency of Sorghum Bran Phytochemicals Acting as Potential Antioxidants and Antibacterial Agents. Food Technol Biotechnol 2021; 59:31-43. [PMID: 34084078 PMCID: PMC8157095 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.59.01.21.6878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Research background Sorghum bran, although considered as an agricultural waste, is an abundant source of various bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds require specific extraction with particular solvents and therefore ionic liquid and three different conventional solvents, viz. anhydrous methanol, acidified methanol and water were used in this work. Experimental approach To evaluate the phytochemicals in the different sorghum bran extracts, total phenol content, flavonoids, condensed tannins and anthocyanins were determined as per standard protocols. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometryanalysis of extracts was also performed for their phenolic profiling. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was estimated via three assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolourization assay and Cu2+ reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. The antibacterial activity against two most opportunistic foodborne pathogens: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was measured by agar well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. Results and conclusions Ionic liquid extract of sorghum bran gave the highest yield ((14.9±0.7) %), which indicated that various possible interactions like Van der Waals forces, H-bonding, hydrophobic and cation-π bonding can occur when ionic liquid is used as an extractant compared to other conventional solvents, although total phenol mass fraction expressed as gallic acid equivalents on dry mass basis was only (7.4±0.7) mg/g. The hydrophobicity of the ionic liquid also helped in efficient extraction of condensed tannins ((63.2±2.1) mg/g expressed on dry mass basis), which resulted in significant antioxidant activity of the ionic liquid extract ((85.2±1.2) µmol/g in DPPH assay, (100.8±0.9) µmol/g in ABTS assay and (63.2±1.9) µmol/g in CUPRAC). An interesting revelation reported in this work is the inability of DPPH assay to evaluate the antioxidant activity in acidic environment. The anhydrous methanolic extract of sorghum bran displayed pH sensitivity, making the extract beneficial for certain applications. Qualitative analysis of extracts revealed greater number of phenolic compounds to be present in methanol and distilled water extracts. Moreover, various derivatives of apigenin and luteolin were also observed in all four extracts. In addition, the acidified methanol extract of the sorghum bran exhibited antimicrobial property at a concentration of 12 mg/mL. A larger inhibition zone was observed against Escherichia coli than Staphylococcus aureus, while the MIC against these two bacteria was 2.2 and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. Novelty and scientific contribution This paper presents the first information on the application of ionic liquids as extracting phase for sorghum bran polyphenols and the quantification of such extracts. As evident from the study, each solvent has its own role in the extraction of bioactive compounds. This work also proves that sorghum bran imparts antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varee Tyagi
- Department of Basic and Applies Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sector - 56, HSIIDC Industrial Estate, Kundli, Sonipat, 131028 Haryana, India
| | - Chakkaravarthi Saravanan
- Department of Basic and Applies Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sector - 56, HSIIDC Industrial Estate, Kundli, Sonipat, 131028 Haryana, India
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, H9X 3V9 Quebec, Canada
| | - Bhaswati Bhattacharya
- Department of Basic and Applies Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sector - 56, HSIIDC Industrial Estate, Kundli, Sonipat, 131028 Haryana, India
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Wang Z, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, He Z. Dietary Luteolin: A Narrative Review Focusing on Its Pharmacokinetic Properties and Effects on Glycolipid Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1441-1454. [PMID: 33522240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c08085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavone subclass of flavonoids, is commonly found in food plants and has multiple biological activities. Recently, evidence is growing with regard to the potential of luteolin intake to beneficially affect glycolipid metabolism disorders (GLMDs), particularly insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity. The aim of this contribution is to provide an overview of recent advances in identifying and understanding the pharmacokinetic properties (absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability) of luteolin, its regulatory effects on glycolipid metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms of action of luteolin in the brain, liver, adipose tissues, and other tissues/organs. Collectively, luteolin or its principal metabolites may contribute to counteracting GLMDs, especially for human obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
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Chitosan Coated Luteolin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Optimization, In Vitro-Ex Vivo Assessments and Cytotoxicity Study in Breast Cancer Cells. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, luteolin (LTN)-encapsulated chitosan (CS) coated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were formulated using the melt emulsification ultrasonication technique. NLCs were optimized by using the 33-QbD approach for improved in vitro efficacy against breast cancer cell lines. The optimized LTN-CS-NLCs were successfully characterized by different in vitro and ex vivo experiments as well as evaluated for cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. The prepared LTN-CS-NLCs showed particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and entrapment efficiency (%EE) in the range between 101.25 nm and 158.04 nm, 0.11 and 0.20, and 65.55% and 95.37%, respectively. Coating of NLCs with CS significantly increased the particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and zeta potential changes positively. Moreover, slow-release rate of LTN was achieved during 24 h of study for LTN-CS-NLCs. In addition, optimized LTN-CS-NLCs showed significantly higher mucoadhesion, gastrointestinal stability, and intestinal permeation compared to non-coated LTN-NLCs and LTN suspension. Furthermore, LTN-CS-NLCs showed statistically enhanced antioxidant potential as well as dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells compared to uncoated LTN-NLCs and pure LTN. On the basis of the above findings, it may be stated that chitosan-coated LTN-NLCs represents a great potential for breast cancer management.
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Naseem A, Akhtar S, Manzoor MF, Sameen A, Layla A, Afzal K, Karrar E, Rahaman A, Ismail T, Ahmad N, Siddeeg A. Effect of herbal formulation intake on health indices in albino Wistar rat model. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:441-448. [PMID: 33473305 PMCID: PMC7802562 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia management activity of ginger-, garlic-, and lemon-based herbal mixture was tested as paste and herbal extract in hypercholesterolemic adult male albino rats. Atherogenic diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats was treated by supplementing the diet with 2.5% herbal paste (4.2 g/kg b.w.) or 2.5 ml oral gavage (20 ml/kg b.w.) of liquid herbal extract daily for 42 days. Hematological and serological outcomes of herbal formulation feeding were compared with the cholesterol-fed positive control and normal control. The results suggest the significant (p < .05) inhibitory properties of herbal paste and liquid extracts against dyslipidemia showing 31%-37%, 62%-68%, and 40%-56% lower levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), respectively. Treating cholesterol-fed animals with herbal paste and extract significantly (p < .05) increased total protein (5-5.5 g/dl) and serum albumin (3.7-4.2 g/dl) concentration as compared to the normal control. Contrary to significant hypocholesterolemic activity, higher serum total bilirubin levels, that is, 0.70 mg/dl, were observed in rats subchronically exposed to herbal paste and liquid extracts. Nonsignificant (p > .05) impact of herbal formula feeding was observed on hematological indices except lymphocyte counts, that is, 93% in rats fed on herbal paste. The results validate conventional hypocholesterolemic claims associated with ginger-, garlic-, and lemon-based herbal formulations; however, deeper insight into their dose-dependent response in hypercholesterolemia is necessitated to rule out the toxicological impact on the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adila Naseem
- Institute of Food Science & NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Institute of Food Science & NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Aysha Sameen
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Anam Layla
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Khurram Afzal
- Institute of Food Science & NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologySchool of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Institute of Food Science & NutritionBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Food & Home SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of GeziraWad MedaniSudan
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Talib WH, Alsalahat I, Daoud S, Abutayeh RF, Mahmod AI. Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation. Molecules 2020; 25:E5319. [PMID: 33202681 PMCID: PMC7696819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basic and clinical research on developing alternative anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Izzeddin Alsalahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
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Palmieri S, Pellegrini M, Ricci A, Compagnone D, Lo Sterzo C. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Thyme, Hemp and Coriander Extracts: A Comparison Study of Maceration, Soxhlet, UAE and RSLDE Techniques. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091221. [PMID: 32887367 PMCID: PMC7555591 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate and standardized techniques for the extraction of secondary metabolites with interesting biological activity from plants are required. In this work, a comparison of different conventional and unconventional extraction techniques (maceration—M, Soxhlet—S, ultrasound assisted extraction—UAE, and rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction—RSLDE) was investigated. Bioactive compounds were extracted from Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme), Cannabis sativa L. (industrial hemp) and Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) and chemically characterized for their volatile fraction and polyphenolic content by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). Linalool (48.19%, RSLDE) and carvacrol (21.30%, M) for thyme, caryophyllene (54.78%, S) and humulene (14.13%, S) for hemp, and linalool (84.16%, RSLDE) for coriander seeds were the main compounds among terpenes, while thyme was the richest source of polyphenols with rosmarinic acid (51.7 mg/g dry extract-S), apigenin (7.6 mg/g dry extract-S), and luteolin (4.1 mg/g dry extract-UAE) being the most abundant. In order to shed light on their potential as natural food preservatives, the biological activity of the extracts was assessed in terms of antioxidant activity (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid—ABTS˙+, ferric reducing antioxidant power—FRAP, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl—DPPH˙ assays) and phenolic content (Folin–Ciocâlteu method). For thyme, Soxhlet extracts showed best performances in FRAP and ABTS˙+ assays (74 mg TE/g dry extract and 134 mg TE/g dry extract, respectively), while Soxhlet and RSLDE extracts recorded similar activity in DPPH˙ (107–109 mg TE/g dry extract). For hemp and coriander, indeed, RSLDE extracts accounted for higher antioxidant activity as evidenced by FRAP (80 mg TE/g dry extract and 18 mg TE/g dry extract, respectively) and ABTS˙+ (557 mg TE/g dry extract and 48 mg TE/g dry extract, respectively) assays. With respect to DPPH˙, the best results were observed for UAE extracts (45 mg TE/g dry extract and 220 mg TE/g dry extract, respectively). Our findings suggest that all the investigated techniques are valid extraction methods to retain bioactive compounds and preserve their activity for application in food and pharmaceutical formulations. Among them, the innovative RSLDE stands out for the slightly higher antioxidant performances of the extracts, coupled with the facility of use and standardization of the extraction process.
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Huang F, Li Y, Leung ELH, Liu X, Liu K, Wang Q, Lan Y, Li X, Yu H, Cui L, Luo H, Luo L. A review of therapeutic agents and Chinese herbal medicines against SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19). Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104929. [PMID: 32442720 PMCID: PMC7237953 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been listed as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), and its harm degree is defined as a global "pandemic". At present, the efforts of various countries focus on the rapid diagnosis and isolation of patients, as well as to find a treatment that can combat the most serious impact of the disease. The number of reported COVID-19 virus infections is still increasing. Unfortunately, no drugs or vaccines have been approved for the treatment of human coronaviruses, but there is an urgent need for in-depth research on emerging human infectious coronaviruses. Clarification transmission routes and pathogenic mechanisms, and identification of potential drug treatment targets will promote the development of effective prevention and treatment measures. In the absence of confirmed effective treatments, due to public health emergencies, it is essential to study the possible effects of existing approved antivirals drugs or Chinese herbal medicines for SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, virus structure and targeting strategies of COVID-19. Meanwhile, this review also focus on the re-purposing of clinically approved drugs and Chinese herbal medicines that may be used to treat COVID-19 and provide new ideas for the discovery of small molecular compounds with potential therapeutic effects on novel COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Huang
- Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Ying Li
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Kaifeng Liu
- The First Clinical College of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Qu Wang
- The First Clinical College of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Yongqi Lan
- The First Clinical College of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Animal Experiment Center of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Haibing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health School of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Hui Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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83
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Zia S, Khan MR, Shabbir MA, Aslam Maan A, Khan MKI, Nadeem M, Khalil AA, Din A, Aadil RM. An Inclusive Overview of Advanced Thermal and Nonthermal Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds in Food and Food-related Matrices. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1772283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sania Zia
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Aslam Maan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Din
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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84
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Manzoor MF, Zeng X, Ahmad N, Ahmed Z, Rehman A, Aadil RM, Roobab U, Siddique R, Rahaman A. Effect of pulsed electric field and thermal treatments on the bioactive compounds, enzymes, microbial, and physical stability of almond milk during storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou China
| | - Xin‐An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou China
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences Faculty of Life Science Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou China
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of Chemistry Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou China
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85
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Ahmed Z, Manzoor MF, Ahmad N, Zeng X, Din ZU, Roobab U, Qayum A, Siddique R, Siddeeg A, Rahaman A. Impact of pulsed electric field treatments on the growth parameters of wheat seeds and nutritional properties of their wheat plantlets juice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2490-2500. [PMID: 32405405 PMCID: PMC7215213 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the impacts of the pulsed electric field (PEF; 2 to 6 kV/cm; a number of pulses 25 and 50) on wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) seeds before imbibition to improve the germination, growth, and their nutritional profile in juice form. It was observed that the PEF treatment at 6 kV/cm at 50 pulses increased water uptake, germination of seeds, and growth parameters of seedlings. A significant increase in total phenolic contents, DPPH, chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble proteins, minerals, and amino acids in PEF-treated seeds plantlets juice as compared to the untreated seeds plantlets juice was observed. The results indicate that the PEF may effectively stimulate the growth of the wheat kernels and positively affect their metabolism, optimize the nutrients, and enhance the strength of the wheat kernels plantlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center)GuangzhouChina
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center)GuangzhouChina
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Xin‐An Zeng
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center)GuangzhouChina
| | - Zia ud Din
- Department of Human NutritionThe University of Agriculture, PeshawarPeshawarPakistan
| | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center)GuangzhouChina
| | - Abdul Qayum
- Key Laboratory of Dairy ScienceNortheast Agriculture UniversityMinistry of EducationHarbinChina
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity GeziraWad MedaniSudan
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center)GuangzhouChina
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86
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Manzoor MF, Ahmed Z, Ahmad N, Aadil RM, Rahaman A, Roobab U, Rehman A, Siddique R, Zeng XA, Siddeeg A. Novel processing techniques and spinach juice: Quality and safety improvements. J Food Sci 2020; 85:1018-1026. [PMID: 32222053 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the combined effect of ultrasound (US) and pulsed electric field (PEF) techniques was analyzed for the quality improvement and microbial safety of spinach juice. The spinach juice was treated with US at frequency of 40 kHz, radiating power of 200 W below 30 ± 2 °C temperature for 21 min in ultrasonic bath cleaner, and PEF treatment (pulse frequency: 1 kHz, flow rate: 60 mL/min, temperature: 30 ± 2 °C, time: 335 µs, electric field strength 9 kV/cm) was done. In results, the combined (US-PEF) treatment attained the highest value of minerals and total free amino acids as compared to US or PEF treatment alone. US-PEF treatment significantly reduced the total plate count (3.83 to 1.97 log CFU/mL), E. coli/Coliform (1.90 to 0.75 log CFU/mL) and yeast and mold (4.23 to 2.22 log CFU/mL). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra showed that all nonthermal treatments led to a higher concentration of carbonyl compounds rather generate new carbonyl compounds. US-PEF treatment significantly reduced the particle size. The rheology of spinach juice was drastically changed by all nonthermal techniques, indicating non-Newtonian modal accompanied by a decrease of consistency index (K), apparent viscosity (η), and increase of flow behavior (n). Overall, the improved quality of spinach juice shows the suitability of both technologies for industrial applications despite the variations in rheological properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Nowadays, nonthermal technologies like US and PEF are being used to enhance the nutritional quality and stability of different fruits and vegetable juices. The current research shows that US-PEF application can enhance the free amino acids and mineral contents while significantly decrease microbial activities and particle size. The rheology of spinach juice can be dramatically changed, through the reduction of consistency index (K), apparent viscosity (η) and elevation of flow behavior (n). The results of this research proposed that US-PEF treatment can be a more suitable nonthermal application to enhance the quality of spinach juice at an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510640, China
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87
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Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Traditional Culinary Spices and Herbs and Their Antibacterial Activity in Minced Beef. J FOOD QUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/1702086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to elucidate minced beef stabilization properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of commonly used culinary spices from Pakistan against meat oxidative stress and microbial spoilage. Hydroalcoholic extracts of six selected spices, namely, onion, ginger, turmeric, coriander, fennel, and mint, were evaluated to inhibit microbial growth in minced beef under refrigerated storage (4°C) of nine days. Maximum phenolic concentration, i.e., 70.8 mg GAE/100 g, and free radical scavenging activity (75.9%) were anticipated by hydromethanolic extracts of ginger. The results propose that the addition of hydroalcoholic extracts of ginger and coriander @ 6.0% anticipate significantly (p<0.05) higher inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results of this research conclude that the utilization of hydroalcoholic extracts may serve as a promising approach to preserve microbiological as well as the oxidative quality of minced beef and products of meat origin.
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88
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Siddeeg A, Zeng XA, Rahaman A, Manzoor MF, Ahmed Z, Ammar AF. Effect of Pulsed Electric Field Pretreatment of Date Palm Fruits on Free Amino Acids, Bioactive Components, and Physicochemical Characteristics of the Alcoholic Beverage. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3156-3162. [PMID: 31599973 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This research is aimed to observe the impact of pulsed electric field (PEF) application on the free amino acids, physicochemical characteristics, and bioactive components of alcoholic beverages processed from date palm fruits. The fruits were treated by PEF (frequency: 10 Hz, treatment time: 100 µs, pulses number: 40 µs for electric field: 1.38, 2.02, and 2.92 kV/cm, respectively). A significant increase (P < 0.05) in the total free amino acids and phenolic and flavonoid contents (2.92 > 2.02 > 1.38 kV/cm) was observed. There was a minor significant difference among the treated samples in the total soluble solid, alcohol, and total sugar contents, while there were no significant changes in the other parameters, including the color attributes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study observed whether PEF treatment has a positive impact on the processing of alcoholic beverages of date palm fruits. PEF was found to improve the bioactive components and nutritional value of alcoholic beverages processed from date palm fruits. This finding suggests that PEF can be a better technique to enhance the quality characteristics of date palm fruit alcoholic beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhari Siddeeg
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Dept. of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Univ. of Gezira, Wad Medani, 21111, Sudan
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Al-Farga Ammar
- College of Sciences, Biochemistry Dept., Univ. of Jeddah, Jeddah, 22244, Saudi Arabia
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89
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Pulsed Electric Field-Assisted Ethanolic Extraction of Date Palm Fruits: Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Physicochemical Properties. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7090585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was aimed to observe the influence of pulsed electric field (PEF) on the extraction of bioactive components; antioxidant activity and physicochemical properties of date palm fruit extract (DPFE) as compared to the extract untreated by PEF. The fruit was treated with PEF (frequency: 10 Hz, time: 100 µs, pulses number: 30, electric field strength (EFS): 1, 2, and 3 kV/cm. The results show that PEF has a positive impact on the total content of carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolics by increasing the EFS. DPFE treated with PEF exhibit a strong antioxidant activity as compared to untreated extract, while electrical conductivity, pH values, and titratable acidity were not affected by PEF. The results indicate a notable increase in the volatile components in DPFE treated with PEF at 3 kV/cm. Thus, PEF treatment can assist the ethanolic extraction of DPFE to improve the bioactivity and antioxidative activity. These findings suggest that PEF can be a more suitable technique to enhance solvent extraction on a commercial basis.
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90
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Thermo-Ultrasound-Based Sterilization Approach for the Quality Improvement of Wheat Plantlets Juice. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7080518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of thermo–ultrasound (TU) on the quality of fresh wheat plantlets juice is described in this study. Fresh wheat plantlets juice was treated with TU using ultrasound (US) bath cleaner with different treatment variables, including power (70%, 420 W), frequency (40 kHz), processing time (20 and 40 min) and temperature (30, 45 and 60 °C) for the determination of free amino acids, minerals, microbial loads and bioactive compounds. The treatments have non-significant effects in ºBrix, pH, and titratable acidity while a significant increase in non-enzymatic browning, viscosity, and cloud value. The TU treatment at 30 °C for 20 and 40 min has achieved the highest value of total phenolics, flavonoids, total antioxidant capacity, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), carotenoids, anthocyanin contents, chlorophyll (a + b), minerals and free amino acids than other treatments as well as untreated sample. A lightly visible variation in the color was observed among all treatments. TU treatments also showed a significant impact on the reduction of microbial loads at 60 °C for 40 min. The verdicts revealed that TU at low temperature a viable option to improve the quality of wheat plantlets juice at an industrial scale as compared to alone.
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