51
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Wang Q, Xu Y, Zhang M, Zhu F, Sun M, Lian X, Zhao G, Duan D. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of stress tolerance to aluminium in Vitis quinquangularis. PLANTA 2021; 254:105. [PMID: 34687358 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional and metabolic regulation of aluminium tolerance of Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis after Al treatment for 12 h: genes and pathways related to stress resistance are activated to cope with Al stress. The phytotoxicity of aluminium (Al) has become a major issue in inhibiting plant growth in acidic soils. Chinese wild Vitis species have excellent stress resistance. In this study, to explore the mechanism underlying Al tolerance in Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis, we conducted a transcriptome analysis to understand the changes in gene expression and pathways in V. quinquangularis leaves after Al treatment for 12 h (Al_12 h). Compared with the control (CK) treatment, 2266 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2943 downregulated DEGs were identified after Al treatment. We analysed the top 60 upregulated DEGs and found that these genes were related mostly to cell wall organization or biogenesis, transition metal ion binding, etc. Another analysis of all the upregulated DEGs showed that genes related to the ABC transport pathway, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) hormone signalling pathway were expressed. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that genes and metabolites (phenylalanine, cinnamate and quercetin) related to the phenylalanine metabolic pathway were expressed. In summary, the results provide a new contribution to a better understanding of the metabolic changes that occur in grapes after Al stress as well as to research on improving the resistance of grape cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Fanding Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Mingxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinyu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Dong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Transcriptome Profiling of Maize ( Zea mays L.) Leaves Reveals Key Cold-Responsive Genes, Transcription Factors, and Metabolic Pathways Regulating Cold Stress Tolerance at the Seedling Stage. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101638. [PMID: 34681032 PMCID: PMC8535276 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold tolerance is a complex trait that requires a critical perspective to understand its underpinning mechanism. To unravel the molecular framework underlying maize (Zea mays L.) cold stress tolerance, we conducted a comparative transcriptome profiling of 24 cold-tolerant and 22 cold-sensitive inbred lines affected by cold stress at the seedling stage. Using the RNA-seq method, we identified 2237 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), namely 1656 and 581 annotated and unannotated DEGs, respectively. Further analysis of the 1656 annotated DEGs mined out two critical sets of cold-responsive DEGs, namely 779 and 877 DEGs, which were significantly enhanced in the tolerant and sensitive lines, respectively. Functional analysis of the 1656 DEGs highlighted the enrichment of signaling, carotenoid, lipid metabolism, transcription factors (TFs), peroxisome, and amino acid metabolism. A total of 147 TFs belonging to 32 families, including MYB, ERF, NAC, WRKY, bHLH, MIKC MADS, and C2H2, were strongly altered by cold stress. Moreover, the tolerant lines’ 779 enhanced DEGs were predominantly associated with carotenoid, ABC transporter, glutathione, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. In comparison, the cold-sensitive lines’ 877 enhanced DEGs were significantly enriched for MAPK signaling, peroxisome, ribosome, and carbon metabolism pathways. The biggest proportion of the unannotated DEGs was implicated in the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Taken together, this study provides valuable insights that offer a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying maize response to cold stress at the seedling stage, thus opening up possibilities for a breeding program of maize tolerance to cold stress.
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Aslam MM, Waseem M, Zhang Q, Ke W, Zhang J, Xu W. Identification of ABC transporter G subfamily in white lupin and functional characterization of L.albABGC29 in phosphorus use. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:723. [PMID: 34615466 PMCID: PMC8495970 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White lupin (Lupinus albus) is a leguminous crop with elite adaptive ability in phosphorus-deficient soil and used as a model plant for studying phosphorus (P) use. However, the genetic basis of its adaptation to low P (LP) remains unclear. ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transports G subfamily play a crucial role in the transportation of biological molecules across the membrane. To date, identification of this subfamily has been analyzed in some plants, but no systematic analysis of these transporters in phosphorus acquisition is available for white lupin. RESULTS This study identified 66 ABCG gene family members in the white lupin genome using comprehensive approaches. Phylogenetic analysis of white lupin ABCG transporters revealed six subclades based on their counterparts in Arabidopsis, displaying distinct gene structure and motif distribution in each cluster. Influences of the whole genome duplication on the evolution of L.albABCGs were investigated in detail. Segmental duplications appear to be the major driving force for the expansion of ABCGs in white lupin. Analysis of the Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the paralogs of the L.albABCG subfamily members principally underwent purifying selection. However, it was found that L.albABCG29 was a result of both tandem and segmental duplications. Overexpression of L.albABCG29 in white lupin hairy root enhanced P accumulation in cluster root under LP and improved plant growth. Histochemical GUS staining indicated that L.albABCG29 expression increased under LP in white lupin roots. Further, overexpression of L.albABCG29 in rice significantly improved P use under combined soil drying and LP by improving root growth associated with increased rhizosheath formation. CONCLUSION Through systematic and comprehensive genome-wide bioinformatics analysis, including conserved domain, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, phylogenetic relationships, and gene duplication analysis, the L.albABCG subfamily was identified in white lupin, and L.albABCG29 characterized in detail. In summary, our results provide deep insight into the characterization of the L.albABCG subfamily and the role of L.albABCG29 in improving P use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Muhammad Aslam
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wang Ke
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Stake Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Gao Z, Sun B, Chen Z, Zhai H, Yao Y, Du Y. Phosphoproteomic analysis of ozone stress-responsive mechanisms in grapevine identifies KEG required for stress regulation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 311:111008. [PMID: 34482911 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environmental damage caused by ozone is of increasing concern globally. The phosphoproteomics approach was used to explore the mechanisms underlying grapevine tolerance to ozone stress and identify phosphoproteins altered by ozone treatment. Results revealed that 194 of 2275 quantitatively analyzed phosphoproteins were significantly regulated after ozone treatment. Biological pathways related to transport were significantly enriched by the differentially regulated phosphoproteins. Among these phosphoproteins, the phosphorylation of RING E3 ligase in grape (V. vinifera KEEP ON GOING, VvKEG) decreased after ozone treatment. Over-expression of VvKEG in Arabidopsis decreased abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity and enhanced ozone tolerance. Furthermore, VvKEG interacted with the ABA-responsive transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3). The exogenous application of ABA on grapevine leaves significantly influenced chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under ozone treatment; however, treatment with 150 μmol ABA aggravated ozone stress. These results indicate that phosphorylation modification provides information on ozone-induced processes and that VvKEG plays a critical role in these processes via regulation of the ABA signaling pathway in grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Baozhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Zhengwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Heng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yuanpeng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Iqbal Qureshi AM, Sofi MU, Dar NA, Khan MH, Mahdi SS, Dar ZA, Bangroo S, El-Serehy HA, Hefft DI, Popescu SM. Insilco identification and characterization of superoxide dismutase gene family in Brassica rapa. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5526-5537. [PMID: 34588862 PMCID: PMC8459115 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide Dismutase SODs are defense associated proteins that detoxify ROS and primarily serve as scavengers. They have been described in numerous plant species, but their in-depth characterization in Brassica rapa has not been reported. Therefore, the present investigation on genome wide study of SOD gene family was conducted to identify BrSOD genes, their domain-based organization, gene structure analysis, phylogenetic analysis, intron-exon structure of genes and expression analysis. The sequence characterization of Super oxide dismutase gene family in Brassica rapa, their syntenic associateship of conserved motifs and phylogenetic correlationship, prediction of cis-elements and determing the expression analysis in distinct tissues namely plant callus, root, stem, leaf, flower, and silique under abiotic conditions have been analysed using different software’s. The study on SOD gene family identified 17 BrSOD genes which were grouped into eight BrCu-ZnSODs and nine BrFe-MnSODs domain-based organization. Furthermore, the conserved character of BrSODs were confirmed by intron-exon organisation, motif arrangements and domain architectural investigations. Expression analysis using RNA Sequence data of different developmental stages proclaimed that genes were manifested in all six tissues with an exception of BrCu-ZnSOD3, which was not manifested in roots; however, whose transcript was detected in all other tested tissues. The study has genome wide insight into the occurrence and functional specifications of BrSOD gene family in Brassica rapa that can be potentially utilized in breeding program for resilience to climate change and abiotic stresses tolerance Brassica variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif M Iqbal Qureshi
- ARSSSS, Pampore, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - Mehraj Uddin Sofi
- HMAARI, Leh, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - N A Dar
- ARSSSS, Pampore, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - M H Khan
- ARSSSS, Pampore, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - S S Mahdi
- Division of Agronomy, FoA Wadura, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor A Dar
- DARS, Rangreth, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - Shabir Bangroo
- Division of Soil Sciences, FoH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Shalimar Kashmir, India
| | - Hamed A El-Serehy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel Ingo Hefft
- University Centre Reaseheath, Reaseheath College, Nantwich CW5 6DF, UK
| | - Simona Mariana Popescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, 200585, Romania
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Neto JCR, Vieira LR, de Aquino Ribeiro JA, de Sousa CAF, Júnior MTS, Abdelnur PV. Metabolic effect of drought stress on the leaves of young oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plants using UHPLC-MS and multivariate analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18271. [PMID: 34521943 PMCID: PMC8440612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The expansion of the oil palm in marginal areas can face challenges, such as water deficit, leading to an impact on palm oil production. A better understanding of the biological consequences of abiotic stresses on this crop can result from joint metabolic profiling and multivariate analysis. Metabolic profiling of leaves was performed from control and stressed plants (7 and 14 days of stress). Samples were extracted and analyzed on a UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-HRMS system. Acquired data were processed using XCMS Online and MetaboAnalyst for multivariate and pathway activity analysis. Metabolism was affected by drought stress through clear segregation between control and stressed groups. More importantly, metabolism changed through time, gradually from 7 to 14 days. The pathways most affected by drought stress were: starch and sucrose metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. The analysis of the metabolic profile were efficient to correlate and differentiate groups of oil palm plants submitted to different levels of drought stress. Putative compounds and their affected pathways can be used in future multiomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Candido Rodrigues Neto
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rios Vieira
- Graduate Program of Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Manoel Teixeira Souza Júnior
- Graduate Program of Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Verardi Abdelnur
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil. .,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil.
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Nakano Y, Mitsuda N, Ide K, Mori T, Mira FR, Rosmalawati S, Watanabe N, Suzuki K. Transcriptome analysis of Pará rubber tree (H. brasiliensis) seedlings under ethylene stimulation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:420. [PMID: 34517831 PMCID: PMC8436496 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural rubber (cis-1,4-polyioprene, NR) is an indispensable industrial raw material obtained from the Pará rubber tree (H. brasiliensis). Natural rubber cannot be replaced by synthetic rubber compounds because of the superior resilience, elasticity, abrasion resistance, efficient heat dispersion, and impact resistance of NR. In NR production, latex is harvested by periodical tapping of the trunk bark. Ethylene enhances and prolongs latex flow and latex regeneration. Ethephon, which is an ethylene-releasing compound, applied to the trunk before tapping usually results in a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in latex yield. However, intense mechanical damage to bark tissues by excessive tapping and/or over-stimulation with ethephon induces severe oxidative stress in laticifer cells, which often causes tapping panel dryness (TPD) syndrome. To enhance NR production without causing TPD, an improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of the ethylene response in the Pará rubber tree is required. Therefore, we investigated gene expression in response to ethephon treatment using Pará rubber tree seedlings as a model system. RESULTS After ethephon treatment, 3270 genes showed significant differences in expression compared with the mock treatment. Genes associated with carotenoids, flavonoids, and abscisic acid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated by ethephon treatment, which might contribute to an increase in latex flow. Genes associated with secondary cell wall formation were downregulated, which might be because of the reduced sugar supply. Given that sucrose is an important molecule for NR production, a trade-off may arise between NR production and cell wall formation for plant growth and for wound healing at the tapping panel. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic changes in gene expression occur specifically in response to ethephon treatment. Certain genes identified may potentially contribute to latex production or TPD suppression. These data provide valuable information to understand the mechanism of ethylene stimulation, and will contribute to improved management practices and/or molecular breeding to attain higher yields of latex from Pará rubber trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Nakano
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Mitsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Kohei Ide
- Bridgestone Corporation, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8531, Japan
| | - Teppei Mori
- Bridgestone Corporation, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8531, Japan
| | - Farida Rosana Mira
- Laboratory for Biotechnology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Build. 630, Puspiptek area, Serpong, Tangerang, Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Syofi Rosmalawati
- Laboratory for Biotechnology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Build. 630, Puspiptek area, Serpong, Tangerang, Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Norie Watanabe
- Bridgestone Corporation, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8531, Japan
| | - Kaoru Suzuki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan.
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
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Singh S, Kumar V, Parihar P, Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Ramamurthy PC, Prasad R, Singh J. Differential regulation of drought stress by biological membrane transporters and channels. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1565-1583. [PMID: 34132878 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress arising due to abiotic factors affects the plant's growth and productivity. Among several existing abiotic stressors like cold, drought, heat, salinity, heavy metal, etc., drought condition tends to affect the plant's growth by inducing two-point effect, i.e., it disturbs the water balance as well as induces toxicity by disturbing the ion homeostasis, thus hindering the growth and productivity of plants, and to survive under this condition, plants have evolved several transportation systems that are involved in regulating the drought stress. The role of membrane transporters has gained interest since genetic engineering came into existence, and they were found to be the important modulators for tolerance, avoidance, ion movements, stomatal movements, etc. Here in this comprehensive review, we have discussed the role of transporters (ABA, protein, carbohydrates, etc.) and channels that aids in withstanding the drought stress as well as the regulatory role of transporters involved in osmotic adjustments arising due to drought stress. This review also provides a gist of hydraulic conductivity by roots that are involved in regulating the drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474009, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211008, India
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
| | - Rachana Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211008, India
| | - Praveen C Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India.
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
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Nefissi Ouertani R, Arasappan D, Abid G, Ben Chikha M, Jardak R, Mahmoudi H, Mejri S, Ghorbel A, Ruhlman TA, Jansen RK. Transcriptomic Analysis of Salt-Stress-Responsive Genes in Barley Roots and Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8155. [PMID: 34360920 PMCID: PMC8348758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is characterized by a rich genetic diversity, making it an important model for studies of salinity response with great potential for crop improvement. Moreover, salt stress severely affects barley growth and development, leading to substantial yield loss. Leaf and root transcriptomes of a salt-tolerant Tunisian landrace (Boulifa) exposed to 2, 8, and 24 h salt stress were compared with pre-exposure plants to identify candidate genes and pathways underlying barley's response. Expression of 3585 genes was upregulated and 5586 downregulated in leaves, while expression of 13,200 genes was upregulated and 10,575 downregulated in roots. Regulation of gene expression was severely impacted in roots, highlighting the complexity of salt stress response mechanisms in this tissue. Functional analyses in both tissues indicated that response to salt stress is mainly achieved through sensing and signaling pathways, strong transcriptional reprograming, hormone osmolyte and ion homeostasis stabilization, increased reactive oxygen scavenging, and activation of transport and photosynthesis systems. A number of candidate genes involved in hormone and kinase signaling pathways, as well as several transcription factor families and transporters, were identified. This study provides valuable information on early salt-stress-responsive genes in roots and leaves of barley and identifies several important players in salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Nefissi Ouertani
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Dhivya Arasappan
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
| | - Mariem Ben Chikha
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Rahma Jardak
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Henda Mahmoudi
- International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Samiha Mejri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Abdelwahed Ghorbel
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Tracey A. Ruhlman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Robert K. Jansen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Su W, Raza A, Gao A, Jia Z, Zhang Y, Hussain MA, Mehmood SS, Cheng Y, Lv Y, Zou X. Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profile of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Gene Family in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) under Different Hormones and Abiotic Stress Conditions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1182. [PMID: 34439430 PMCID: PMC8389029 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important enzyme that acts as the first line of protection in the plant antioxidant defense system, involved in eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) under harsh environmental conditions. Nevertheless, the SOD gene family was yet to be reported in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Thus, a genome-wide investigation was carried out to identify the rapeseed SOD genes. The present study recognized 31 BnSOD genes in the rapeseed genome, including 14 BnCSDs, 11 BnFSDs, and six BnMSDs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SOD genes from rapeseed and other closely related plant species were clustered into three groups based on the binding domain with high bootstrap values. The systemic analysis exposed that BnSODs experienced segmental duplications. Gene structure and motif analysis specified that most of the BnSOD genes displayed a relatively well-maintained exon-intron and motif configuration within the same group. Moreover, we identified five hormones and four stress- and several light-responsive cis-elements in the promoters of BnSODs. Thirty putative bna-miRNAs from seven families were also predicted, targeting 13 BnSODs. Gene ontology annotation outcomes confirm the BnSODs role under different stress stimuli, cellular oxidant detoxification processes, metal ion binding activities, SOD activity, and different cellular components. Twelve BnSOD genes exhibited higher expression profiles in numerous developmental tissues, i.e., root, leaf, stem, and silique. The qRT-PCR based expression profiling showed that eight genes (BnCSD1, BnCSD3, BnCSD14, BnFSD4, BnFSD5, BnFSD6, BnMSD2, and BnMSD10) were significantly up-regulated under different hormones (ABA, GA, IAA, and KT) and abiotic stress (salinity, cold, waterlogging, and drought) treatments. The predicted 3D structures discovered comparable conserved BnSOD protein structures. In short, our findings deliver a foundation for additional functional investigations on the BnSOD genes in rapeseed breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Lv
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China; (W.S.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (Z.J.); (Y.Z.); (M.A.H.); (S.S.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiling Zou
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China; (W.S.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (Z.J.); (Y.Z.); (M.A.H.); (S.S.M.); (Y.C.)
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Bunіo LV, Tsvilynyuk OM. Influence of crude oil pollution on the content and electrophoretic spectrum of proteins in Carex hirta plants at the initial stages of vegetative development. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of proteins in the general adaptive response of Carex hirta plants to soil pollution by crude oil has been studied. It was established that a possible element of the process of adaptation of C. hirta plants to combined stress – conditions of soil polluted by crude oil – may be the synthesis of stress proteins – high molecular weight of more than 60 kD and low molecular weight, not exceeding 22–45 kD. The synthesis of all 5 HSP families was detected in the leaves and rhizomes, and only sHSP (starting from Mr 32 kD), Hsp 60 and Hsp 100 proteins were synthesized in the roots under the influence of crude oil pollution. The development of C. hirta adaptation syndrome under the influence of crude oil pollution of the soil was promoted by enhanced synthesis of proteins with Mr 85, 77, 64, 60 and 27 kD in the leaves, 118 and 41 kD in the rhizomes and proteins with Mr 105, 53, 50 and 43 kD in the roots of the plants. The decrease in the amount of proteins with Mr 91, 45, 28 kD in the leaves, proteins with Mr 85, 76 and 23 kD in rhizomes and proteins with Mr 64 and 39 in the roots of C. hirta plants under conditions of crude oil polluted soil could be a consequence of inhibition of synthesis or degradation of protein molecules providing the required level of low molecular weight protective compounds in cells. The root system and rhizomes of C. hirta plants undergo a greater crude oil load, which leads to increased protein synthesis in these organs and decreased in the leaves, correspondingly. However, a decrease in protein content in the leaves may indicate their outflow in the roots and rhizomes. Сrude oil contaminated soil as a polycomponent stressor accelerated the aging of leaves of C. hirta plants, which could be caused by increased synthesis of ABA. ABA in its turn induced the synthesis of leaf-specific protein with Mr 27 kD. These proteins bind significant amounts of water with their hydrate shells maintaining the high water holding capacity of the cytoplasm under drought conditions. ABA inhibits the mRNA synthesis and their corresponding proteins, which are characteristic under normal conditions, and induces the expression of genes and, consequently, the synthesis of specific proteins including 27 kD protein. By stimulating the expression of individual genes and the synthesis of new polypeptides, ABA promotes the formation of protective reactions and increases the resistance of plants to crude oil pollution.
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Coskun D, Deshmukh R, Shivaraj SM, Isenring P, Bélanger RR. Lsi2: A black box in plant silicon transport. PLANT AND SOIL 2021; 466:1-20. [PMID: 34720209 PMCID: PMC8550040 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon (Si) is widely considered a non-essential but beneficial element for higher plants, providing broad protection against various environmental stresses (both biotic and abiotic), particularly in species that can readily absorb the element. Two plasma-membrane proteins are known to coordinate the radial transport of Si (in the form of Si(OH)4) from soil to xylem within roots: the influx channel Lsi1 and the efflux transporter Lsi2. From a structural and mechanistic perspective, much more is known about Lsi1 (a member of the NIP-III subgroup of the Major Intrinsic Proteins) compared to Lsi2 (a putative Si(OH)4/H+ antiporter, with some homology to bacterial anion transporters). SCOPE Here, we critically review the current state of understanding regarding the physiological role and molecular characteristics of Lsi2. We demonstrate that the structure-function relationship of Lsi2 is largely uncharted and that the standing transport model requires much better supportive evidence. We also provide (to our knowledge) the most current and extensive phylogenetic analysis of Lsi2 from all fully sequenced higher-plant genomes. We end by suggesting research directions and hypotheses to elucidate the properties of Lsi2. CONCLUSIONS Given that Lsi2 is proposed to mediate xylem Si loading and thus root-to-shoot translocation and biosilicification, it is imperative that the field of Si transport focus its efforts on a better understanding of this important topic. With this review, we aim to stimulate and advance research in the field of Si transport and thus better exploit Si to improve crop resilience and agricultural output. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11104-021-05061-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté Des Sciences de L’Agriculture Et de L’Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Québec Canada
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - S. M. Shivaraj
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
| | - Paul Isenring
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec Canada
| | - Richard R. Bélanger
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté Des Sciences de L’Agriculture Et de L’Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Québec Canada
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Combined Effect of Salinity and LED Lights on the Yield and Quality of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Microgreens. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to explore the potential to improve quality of purslane microgreens by combining water salinity and LED lighting during their cultivation. Purslane plants were grown in a growth chamber with light insulated compartments, under different lighting sources on a 16 h d−1 photoperiod—fluorescent lamps (FL) and two LED treatments, including a red and blue (RB)) spectrum and a red, blue and far red (RB+IR) LED lights spectrum—while providing all of them a light intensity of 150 µmol m−2 s−1. Plants were exposed to two salinity treatments, by adding 0 or 80 mM NaCl. Biomass, cation and anions, total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total chlorophylls (Chl) and carotenoids content (Car) and fatty acids were determined. The results showed that yield was increased by 21% both in RB and RB+FR lights compared to FL and in salinity compared to non-salinity conditions. The nitrate content was reduced by 81% and 91% when microgreens were grown under RB and RB+FR, respectively, as compared to FL light, and by 9.5% under saline conditions as compared with non-salinity conditions. The lowest oxalate contents were obtained with the combinations of RB or RB+FR lighting and salinity. The content of Cl and Na in the leaves were also reduced when microgreens were grown under RB and RB+FR lights under saline conditions. Microgreens grown under RB light reached the highest TPC, while salinity reduced TFC, Chl and Car. Finally, the fatty acid content was not affected by light or salinity, but these factors slightly influenced their composition. It is concluded that the use of RB and RB+FR lights in saline conditions is of potential use in purslane microgreens production, since it improves the yield and quality of the product, reducing the content of anti-nutritional compounds.
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Genome-Wide Analysis of the YABBY Transcription Factor Family in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070981. [PMID: 34199012 PMCID: PMC8306101 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The YABBY family of plant-specific transcription factors play important regulatory roles during the development of leaves and floral organs, but their functions in Brassica species are incompletely understood. Here, we identified 79 YABBY genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and five Brassica species (B. rapa, B. nigra, B. oleracea, B. juncea, and B. napus). A phylogenetic analysis of YABBY proteins separated them into five clusters (YAB1–YAB5) with representatives from all five Brassica species, suggesting a high degree of conservation and similar functions within each subfamily. We determined the gene structure, chromosomal location, and expression patterns of the 21 BnaYAB genes identified, revealing extensive duplication events and gene loss following polyploidization. Changes in exon–intron structure during evolution may have driven differentiation in expression patterns and functions, combined with purifying selection, as evidenced by Ka/Ks values below 1. Based on transcriptome sequencing data, we selected nine genes with high expression at the flowering stage. qRT-PCR analysis further indicated that most BnaYAB family members are tissue-specific and exhibit different expression patterns in various tissues and organs of B. napus. This preliminary study of the characteristics of the YABBY gene family in the Brassica napus genome provides theoretical support and reference for the later functional identification of the family genes.
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Xu M, Jin P, Liu T, Gao S, Zhang T, Zhang F, Han X, He L, Chen J, Yang J. Genome-wide identification and characterization of UBP gene family in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11594. [PMID: 34178465 PMCID: PMC8212830 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is essential for plant growth and development. Deubiquitination cooperates with ubiquitination to regulate the ubiquitination levels of target proteins. The ubiquitin-specific protease (UBP) family is the largest group of deubiquitinases (DUBs), which perform extensive and significant roles in eukaryotic organisms. However, the UBP genes in wheat (TaUBPs) are not identified, and the functions of TaUBPs are unknown. The present study identified 97 UBP genes in the whole genome of T. aestivum. These genes were divided into 15 groups and non-randomly distributed on chromosomes of T. aestivum. Analyses of evolutionary patterns revealed that TaUBPs mainly underwent purification selection. The studies of cis-acting regulatory elements indicated that they might be involved in response to hormones. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that TaUBPs were differentially expressed in different tissues. Besides, several TaUBPs were significantly up-regulated when plants were treated with salicylic acid (SA), implying that these DUBs may play a role in abiotic stress responses in plants and few TaUBPs displayed differential expression after viral infection. Furthermore, TaUBP1A.1 (TraesCS1A02G432600.1) silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) facilitates Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection in wheat, indicating that TaUBP1A.1 may be involved in a defense mechanism against viruses. This study comprehensively analyzed the UBP gene family in wheat and provided a basis for further research of TaUBPs functions in wheat plant response to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoze Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Men X, Sun L, Li Y, Li W, Xing S. Multi-omics analysis reveals the ontogenesis of basal chichi in Ginkgo biloba L. Genomics 2021; 113:2317-2326. [PMID: 34048909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chichi is a unique biological phenomenon observed in Ginkgo biloba L.. In this study, multi-omics analysis was used to compare basal chichi (C) with roots (R) and stems (S) to explore the regulatory mechanisms of basal chichi ontogenesis. The results showed that compared with roots and stems, the tZ, SA and ABA contents in basal chichi were the highest, and the ratio of IAA/tZ was the lowest. Nucleotides and their derivatives in basal chichi were upregulated, and phenylpropane metabolites were downregulated. Some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) strongly correlated to plant hormones were screened. We speculate that auxin and cytokinin are involved in the morphogenesis of basal chichi and that cytokinin plays a major role. The ontogenesis of basal chichi is closely related to environmental stress, and it may be a coping strategy of G. biloba in the face of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Men
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Limin Sun
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Ying Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Weinan Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shiyan Xing
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
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Sagervanshi A, Naeem A, Geilfus CM, Kaiser H, Mühling KH. One-time abscisic acid priming induces long-term salinity resistance in Vicia faba: Changes in key transcripts, metabolites, and ionic relations. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:146-161. [PMID: 33314239 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) priming is known to enhance plant growth and survival under salinity. However, the mechanisms mediating this long-term acclimatization to salt stress are still obscure. Specifically, the long-term transcriptional changes and their effects on ion relations were never investigated. This motivated us to study the long-term (8 days) effect of one-time 24 h root priming treatment with 10 μM ABA on transcription levels of relevant regulated key genes, osmotically relevant metabolites, and ionic concentrations in Vicia faba grown under 50 mM NaCl salinity. The novelty of this study is that we could demonstrate long-term effects of a one-time ABA application. ABA-priming was found to prevent the salt-induced decline in root and shoot dry matter, improved photosynthesis, and inhibited terminal wilting of plants. It substantially increased the mRNA level of AAPK and 14-3-3 ABA inducible kinases and ion transporters (PM H+ -ATPase, VFK1, KUP7, SOS1, and CLC1). These ABA-induced transcriptional changes went along with altered tissue ion patterns. Primed plants accumulated less Na+ and Cl- but more K+ , Ca2+ , Zn2+ , Fe2+ , Mn2+ , NO3 - , and SO4 2- . Priming changed the composition pattern of organic osmolytes under salinity, with glucose and fructose being dominant in unprimed, whereas sucrose was dominant in the primed plants. We conclude that one-time ABA priming mitigates salt stress in Vicia faba by persistently changing transcription patterns of key genes, stabilizing the ionic and osmotic balance, and improving photosynthesis and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sagervanshi
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Asif Naeem
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kaiser
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karl H Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Ghassemi S, Delangiz N, Asgari Lajayer B, Saghafi D, Maggi F. Review and future prospects on the mechanisms related to cold stress resistance and tolerance in medicinal plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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69
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Lastiri-Hernández MA, Álvarez-Bernal D, Conde Barajas E, Miranda JGG. Biosaline agriculture: an agronomic proposal for onion ( Allium cepa L.) production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1301-1309. [PMID: 33721511 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1895716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The onion crop with brackish irrigation but accompanied by halophytes is productive, so halophytoremediation is an excellent agronomic proposal for areas where there is poor quality water used for irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eloy Conde Barajas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Ambiental y Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquimíca, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de CELAYA, Celaya, México
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De Ollas C, González-Guzmán M, Pitarch Z, Matus JT, Candela H, Rambla JL, Granell A, Gómez-Cadenas A, Arbona V. Identification of ABA-Mediated Genetic and Metabolic Responses to Soil Flooding in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. Mill). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:613059. [PMID: 33746996 PMCID: PMC7973378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.613059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil flooding is a compound abiotic stress that alters soil properties and limits atmospheric gas diffusion (O2 and CO2) to the roots. The involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) in the regulation of soil flooding-specific genetic and metabolic responses has been scarcely studied despite its key importance as regulator in other abiotic stress conditions. To attain this objective, wild type and ABA-deficient tomatoes were subjected to short-term (24 h) soil waterlogging. After this period, gas exchange parameters were reduced in the wild type but not in ABA-deficient plants that always had higher E and g s . Transcript and metabolite alterations were more intense in waterlogged tissues, with genotype-specific variations. Waterlogging reduced the ABA levels in the roots while inducing PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors and ABA-dependent transcription factor transcripts, of which induction was less pronounced in the ABA-deficient genotype. Ethylene/O2-dependent genetic responses (ERFVIIs, plant anoxia survival responses, and genes involved in the N-degron pathway) were induced in hypoxic tissues independently of the genotype. Interestingly, genes encoding a nitrate reductase and a phytoglobin involved in NO biosynthesis and scavenging and ERFVII stability were induced in waterlogged tissues, but to a lower extent in ABA-deficient tomato. At the metabolic level, flooding-induced accumulation of Ala was enhanced in ABA-deficient lines following a differential accumulation of Glu and Asp in both hypoxic and aerated tissues, supporting their involvement as sources of oxalacetate to feed the tricarboxylic acid cycle in waterlogged tissues and constituting a potential advantage upon long periods of soil waterlogging. The promoter analysis of upregulated genes indicated that the production of oxalacetate from Asp via Asp oxidase, energy processes such as acetyl-CoA, ATP, and starch biosynthesis, and the lignification process were likely subjected to ABA regulation. Taken together, these data indicate that ABA depletion in waterlogged tissues acts as a positive signal, inducing several specific genetic and metabolic responses to soil flooding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos De Ollas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Guzmán
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Zara Pitarch
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Universitat de València – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Paterna, Spain
| | - Héctor Candela
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - José Luis Rambla
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, València, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
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Comparative transcriptome analysis of Rheum australe, an endangered medicinal herb, growing in its natural habitat and those grown in controlled growth chambers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3702. [PMID: 33580100 PMCID: PMC7881009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheum australe is an endangered medicinal herb of high altitude alpine region of Himalayas and is known to possess anti-cancerous properties. Unlike many herbs of the region, R. australe has broad leaves. The species thrives well under the environmental extremes in its niche habitat, therefore an understanding of transcriptome of R. australe to environmental cues was of significance. Since, temperature is one of the major environmental variables in the niche of R. australe, transcriptome was studied in the species growing in natural habitat and those grown in growth chambers maintained at 4 °C and 25 °C to understand genes associated with different temperatures. A total of 39,136 primarily assembled transcripts were obtained from 10,17,74,336 clean read, and 21,303 unigenes could match to public databases. An analysis of transcriptome by fragments per kilobase of transcript per million, followed by validation through qRT-PCR showed 22.4% up- and 22.5% down-regulated common differentially expressed genes in the species growing under natural habitat and at 4 °C as compared to those at 25 °C. These genes largely belonged to signaling pathway, transporters, secondary metabolites, phytohormones, and those associated with cellular protection, suggesting their importance in imparting adaptive advantage to R. australe in its niche.
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Hamade K, Fliniaux O, Fontaine JX, Molinié R, Otogo Nnang E, Bassard S, Guénin S, Gutierrez L, Lainé E, Hano C, Pilard S, Hijazi A, El Kak A, Mesnard F. NMR and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics to Study Osmotic Stress in Lignan-Deficient Flax. Molecules 2021; 26:767. [PMID: 33540754 PMCID: PMC7867241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans, phenolic plant secondary metabolites, are derived from the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. Although, being investigated for their health benefits in terms of antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, the role of these molecules in plants remains incompletely elucidated; a potential role in stress response mechanisms has been, however, proposed. In this study, a non-targeted metabolomic analysis of the roots, stems, and leaves of wild-type and PLR1-RNAi transgenic flax, devoid of (+) secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ((+) SDG)-the main flaxseed lignan, was performed using 1H-NMR and LC-MS, in order to obtain further insight into the involvement of lignan in the response of plant to osmotic stress. Results showed that wild-type and lignan-deficient flax plants have different metabolic responses after being exposed to osmotic stress conditions, but they both showed the capacity to induce an adaptive response to osmotic stress. These findings suggest the indirect involvement of lignans in osmotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamar Hamade
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Ophélie Fliniaux
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Roland Molinié
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Elvis Otogo Nnang
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Solène Bassard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Guénin
- CRRBM, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- CRRBM, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Eric Lainé
- USC INRAE 1328, Laboratoire LBLGC, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (E.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- USC INRAE 1328, Laboratoire LBLGC, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (E.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Serge Pilard
- Plateforme Analytique, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France;
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon;
| | - Assem El Kak
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Substances Naturelles et Produits de Santé (BSNPS), Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon;
| | - François Mesnard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
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Leng Y, Li Y, Ma YH, He LF, Li SW. Abscisic acid modulates differential physiological and biochemical responses of roots, stems, and leaves in mung bean seedlings to cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6030-6043. [PMID: 32986195 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to determine how exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) mediates the tolerance of plants to cadmium (Cd) exposure. Cd stress strongly reduced all the growth parameters of mung bean seedlings. Cd significantly increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activities in roots and stems, and peroxidase (POD) activities in roots, stems, and leaves of mung bean seedlings. Cd caused remarkable increases in the levels of leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid, root polyphenols, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in the three organs. However, Cd greatly decreased leaf CAT activity, root and leaf ascorbic acid (AsA) levels, and stem and leaf polyphenol levels. Foliar application of ABA partially alleviated Cd toxicity on the seedlings. ABA could restore most of the changed biochemical parameters caused by Cd, suggesting that ABA played roles in the protection of membrane lipid peroxidation and the modulation of antioxidative defense systems in response to Cd stress. Our results also implied the differential physiological and biochemical responsive patterns of roots, stems, and leaves to Cd and ABA in mung bean seedlings. The great changes in many biochemical parameters in roots suggested that roots were the first to be affected by Cd and play pivotal roles in response to Cd, especially in chelating Cd and reducing Cd absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Leng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hua Ma
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Fang He
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Weng Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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74
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Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020259. [PMID: 33525688 PMCID: PMC7911879 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and low rainfall. Despite this, its cumulative, not obvious impact and multidimensional nature severely affects the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes with adverse impact on photosynthetic capacity. Coping with water scarcity, plants evolve various complex resistance and adaptation mechanisms including physiological and biochemical responses, which differ with species level. The sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants are briefly discussed. Growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root to shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement in transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence are the strategies that are adopted by plants under water deficit. Approaches for drought stress alleviations are breeding strategies, molecular and genomics perspectives with special emphasis on the omics technology alteration i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, glyomics and phenomics that improve the stress tolerance in plants. For drought stress induction, seed priming, growth hormones, osmoprotectants, silicon (Si), selenium (Se) and potassium application are worth using under drought stress conditions in plants. In addition, drought adaptation through microbes, hydrogel, nanoparticles applications and metabolic engineering techniques that regulate the antioxidant enzymes activity for adaptation to drought stress in plants, enhancing plant tolerance through maintenance in cell homeostasis and ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress are of great potential in agriculture.
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75
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Yang YY, Zheng PF, Ren YR, Yao YX, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ. Apple MdSAT1 encodes a bHLHm1 transcription factor involved in salinity and drought responses. PLANTA 2021; 253:46. [PMID: 33484359 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study identified a new bHLHm1 transcription factor MdSAT1 which functioned in mediating tolerance to salt and drought resistance. Changes in the expression of stress-related genes play crucial roles in response to environmental stress. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are the largest superfamily of transcription factors and a large number of bHLH proteins function in plant responses to abiotic stresses. We identified a new bHLHm1 transcription factor from apple and named it MdSAT1. β-Glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that MdSAT1 expressed in various tissues with highly expressed in leaves. Promoter analysis revealed that MdSAT1 contained multiple response elements and its transcription was induced by several environmental cues, particularly salt and drought stresses. Overexpression of MdSAT1 in apple calli and Arabidopsis resulted in a phenotype of increased tolerance to salt and drought. Altering abscisic acid (ABA) treatment increased the sensitivity of MdSAT1-OE Arabidopsis to ABA, and heavy metal stress, osmotic stress, and ethylene did not participate in MdSAT1 mediated plant development. These findings reveal the abiotic stress functions of MdSAT1 and pave the way for further functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Ran Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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76
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Zaynab M, Peng J, Sharif Y, Fatima M, Albaqami M, Al-Yahyai R, Khan KA, Alotaibi SS, Alaraidh IA, Shaikhaldein HO, Li S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Germin-Like Proteins Reveal Their Role in Regulating Abiotic Stress Response in Potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:831140. [PMID: 35251067 PMCID: PMC8891383 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.831140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Germin and germin-like proteins (GLPs) perform a significant role in plants against biotic and abiotic stress. To understand the role of GLPs in potato, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was performed in the potato genome. This study identified a total of 70 StGLPs genes in the potato genome, distributed among 11 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis exhibited that StGLPs were categorized into six groups with high bootstrap values. StGLPs gene structure and motifs analysis showed a relatively well-maintained intron-exon and motif formation within the cognate group. Additionally, several cis-elements in the promoter regions of GLPs were hormones, and stress-responsive and different families of miRNAs target StGLPs. Gene duplication under selection pressure also exhibited positive and purifying selections in StGLPs. In our results, the StGLP5 gene showed the highest expression in response to salt stress among all expressed StGLPs. Totally 19 StGLPs genes were expressed in response to heat stress. Moreover, three genes, StGLP30, StGLP17, and StGLP14, exhibited a relatively higher expression level in the potato after heat treatment. In total, 22 genes expressed in response to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment indicated that ABA performed an essential role in the plant defense or tolerance mechanism to environmental stress. RNA-Seq data validated by RT-qPCR also confirm that the StGLP5 gene showed maximum expression among selected genes under salt stress. Concisely, our results provide a platform for further functional exploration of the StGLPs against salt and heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Zaynab
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaofeng Peng
- Instrument Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mahpara Fatima
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Alaraidh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan O. Shaikhaldein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Shuangfei Li,
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Kim S, Park SI, Kwon H, Cho MH, Kim BG, Chung JH, Nam MH, Song JS, Kim KH, Yoon IS. The Rice Abscisic Acid-Responsive RING Finger E3 Ligase OsRF1 Targets OsPP2C09 for Degradation and Confers Drought and Salinity Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:797940. [PMID: 35095969 PMCID: PMC8792764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.797940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are major important factors that restrain growth and productivity of rice. In plants, many really interesting new gene (RING) finger proteins have been reported to enhance drought and salt tolerance. However, their mode of action and interacting substrates are largely unknown. Here, we identified a new small RING-H2 type E3 ligase OsRF1, which is involved in the ABA and stress responses of rice. OsRF1 transcripts were highly induced by ABA, salt, or drought treatment. Upregulation of OsRF1 in transgenic rice conferred drought and salt tolerance and increased endogenous ABA levels. Consistent with this, faster transcriptional activation of key ABA biosynthetic genes, ZEP, NCED3, and ABA4, was observed in OsRF1-OE plants compared with wild type in response to drought stress. Yeast two-hybrid assay, BiFC, and co-immunoprecipitation analysis identified clade A PP2C proteins as direct interacting partners with OsRF1. In vitro ubiquitination assay indicated that OsRF1 exhibited E3 ligase activity, and that it targeted OsPP2C09 protein for ubiquitination and degradation. Cell-free degradation assay further showed that the OsPP2C09 protein is more rapidly degraded by ABA in the OsRF1-OE rice than in the wild type. The combined results suggested that OsRF1 is a positive player of stress responses by modulating protein stability of clade A PP2C proteins, negative regulators of ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Kim
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Im Park
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Cho
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Joo Hee Chung
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science (KBSI), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Hee Nam
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science (KBSI), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Sun Song
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Kim
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In Sun Yoon,
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78
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Bian Z, Wang Y, Zhang X, Grundy S, Hardy K, Yang Q, Lu C. A Transcriptome Analysis Revealing the New Insight of Green Light on Tomato Plant Growth and Drought Stress Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:649283. [PMID: 34745154 PMCID: PMC8566944 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.649283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Light plays a pivotal role in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Green light has been reported to enhance plant drought tolerance via stomatal regulation. However, the mechanisms of green light-induced drought tolerance in plants remain elusive. To uncover those mechanisms, we investigated the molecular responses of tomato plants under monochromatic red, blue, and green light spectrum with drought and well-water conditions using a comparative transcriptomic approach. The results showed that compared with monochromatic red and blue light treated plants, green light alleviated the drought-induced inhibition of plant growth and photosynthetic capacity, and induced lower stomatal aperture and higher ABA accumulation in tomato leaves after 9 days of drought stress. A total of 3,850 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified in tomato leaves through pairwise comparisons. Functional annotations revealed that those DEGs responses to green light under drought stress were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, phototransduction, and calcium signaling pathway. The DEGs involved in ABA synthesis and ABA signal transduction both participated in the green light-induced drought tolerance of tomato plants. Compared with ABA signal transduction, more DEGs related to ABA synthesis were detected under different light spectral treatments. The bZIP transcription factor- HY5 was found to play a vital role in green light-induced drought responses. Furthermore, other transcription factors, including WRKY46 and WRKY81 might participate in the regulation of stomatal aperture and ABA accumulation under green light. Taken together, the results of this study might expand our understanding of green light-modulated tomato drought tolerance via regulating ABA accumulation and stomatal aperture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Bian
- Photobiology Research Center, The Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- School of Animal, Rural and Environment Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Animal, Rural and Environment Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Steven Grundy
- School of Animal, Rural and Environment Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Hardy
- School of Animal, Rural and Environment Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Qichang Yang
- Photobiology Research Center, The Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qichang Yang
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environment Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Chungui Lu
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79
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Ghouili E, Sassi K, Jebara M, Hidri Y, Ouertani RN, Muhovski Y, Jebara SH, El Ayed M, Abdelkarim S, Chaieb O, Jallouli S, Kalleli F, M’hamdi M, Souissi F, Abid G. Physiological responses and expression of sugar associated genes in faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) exposed to osmotic stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:135-150. [PMID: 33627968 PMCID: PMC7873190 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is the major food legume crop in Tunisia. However, its growth and yield is strongly affected by water-limited environments. In this study, osmotic stress exhibited a negative effect on Bachar and Badii cultivar. Nevertheless, the deteriorating effects of osmotic stress were relatively low on studied parameters of Bachar due to its better efficiency to reduce oxidative damage by increasing enzymatic activities such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), accumulation of total chlorophyll (Chlt), soluble sugars and leaf relative water content (RWC). GC-MS analysis determined a total of 11 soluble carbohydrates induced by osmotic stress and differentially accumulated in the both cultivars. Bachar showed elevated levels of mannose, glucose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose and myo-inositol which might help to maintain osmotic adjustment, membranes and proteins protection from the damaging effect of reactive oxygen species. Sugar metabolism related genes (VfNINV3, VfPHS2, VfFRK4, VfHXK1, VfGPI1, VfSTP1.1, VfpGlcT1.1, VfSTP5.1, VfpGlcT1.2, VfSWEET2.1, VfVINV2, VfSUS1, VfPGM1, VfSUT1.1, VfGPT1, VfSPS1, VfSPP1, VfPHS1, VfSUT4.1 and VfTMT1.1) were differentially expressed in both cultivars demonstrating their important roles in sugar accumulation. Most of these genes were upregulated in the leaves of Bachar under moderate and severe stress, which could lead to increase glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle in order to accelerate energy production, necessary to increase osmotic regulation and consequently enhancing the osmotic stress tolerance in that cultivar. Overall, sugars accumulation ability can be used as a useful indicator for the osmotic stress tolerant potential in faba bean breeding programs. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s12298-021-00935-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Ghouili
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Sassi
- Laboratory of Agronomy, National Agronomy Institute of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, Avenue Charles Nicolle, BP 43, 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Moez Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Hidri
- Laboratory of Integrated Olive Production, Olive Tree Institute, BP 208, 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Rim Nefissi Ouertani
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Yordan Muhovski
- Department of Life Sciences, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Chaussée de Charleroi, BP 234, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Salwa Harzalli Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed El Ayed
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Abdelkarim
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Chaieb
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kalleli
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Vegetable Crops, High Institute of Agronomy of Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud M’hamdi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Vegetable Crops, High Institute of Agronomy of Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Souissi
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Liu Y, Dai XB, Zhao LK, Huo KS, Jin PF, Zhao DL, Zhou ZL, Tang J, Xiao SZ, Cao QH. RNA-seq reveals the salt tolerance of Ipomoea pes-caprae, a wild relative of sweet potato. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 255:153276. [PMID: 33059125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wild relatives of crops are often rich in genetic resources and provide great possibilities for crop improvement. Ipomoea pes-caprae is one of the wild relatives of sweet potato and has high salt tolerance. Transcriptomes in the treatment and control groups at various times were sequenced to identify salt tolerance genes and salt response pathways. A total of 40,525 genes were obtained, of which 2478 and 3334 were differentially expressed in the roots and leaves of I. pes-caprae under salt stress, respectively. Identification of candidate genes revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway of plants and plant hormone signal transduction participates in the salt signal of I. pes-caprae under salt stress. Homology to ABI2 (HAB2) and Clade A protein phosphatases type 2C (HAI1), which encode two protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C) in the abscisic acid (ABA) signal pathway, were continuously up-regulated upon salt stress, indicating their key role in the salt signal transduction pathway of I. pes-caprae. The expression of EIN3-binding F-box protein 1 (EBF1) in the ethylene signaling pathway was also up-regulated, revealing that the salt tolerance of I. pes-caprae was related to the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study provides insights into the mechanism of salt-tolerant plants and the mining of salt-tolerant genes in sweet potato for the innovation of germplasm resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Xi-Bin Dai
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Lu-Kuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Kai-Sen Huo
- College of Horticulture, University of Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Jin
- Novogene Bioinformatics Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100086, China.
| | - Dong-Lan Zhao
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Zhi-Lin Zhou
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Shi-Zhuo Xiao
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
| | - Qing-He Cao
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center/Sweetpotato Research Institute, China Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
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81
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Ali A, Yun DJ. Chromatin remodeling complex HDA9-PWR-ABI4 epigenetically regulates drought stress response in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1803568. [PMID: 32752926 PMCID: PMC8550530 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1803568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Among all the major environmental challenges, drought stress causes considerable damage to plant growth and agricultural productivity. Drought stress directly promotes the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) via the activation of genes that encode enzymes involved in ABA biosynthesis, which protect the plant against water-limiting conditions. At the same time, the expression of genes that encode ABA-hydroxylases that inactivate the newly synthesized ABA, is repressed by drought stress. These phenomena occur through epigenetic modifications via the reversible processes of histone acetylation and deacetylation, also known as chromatin remodeling, which is an important regulatory mechanism that responds to various environmental stresses. Recently, we had reported that the chromatin remodeling complex HDA9-PWR-ABI4 promotes the development of drought tolerance through the deacetylation of CYP707A1/2 genes that encode the major enzymes involved in ABA catabolism. Here, we discuss the role of HDA9 and PWR in regulating drought stress by modulating the acetylation status of the CYP707A genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Institute of Glocal Disease Control, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- CONTACT Dae-Jin Yun Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul05029, South Korea
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82
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Borisova-Mubarakshina MM, Vetoshkina DV, Naydov IA, Rudenko NN, Zhurikova EM, Balashov NV, Ignatova LK, Fedorchuk TP, Ivanov BN. Regulation of the size of photosystem II light harvesting antenna represents a universal mechanism of higher plant acclimation to stress conditions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:959-969. [PMID: 32564779 DOI: 10.1071/fp19362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated acclimatory responses of Arabidopsis plants to drought and salinity conditions before the appearance of obvious signs of damage caused by these factors. We detected changes indicating an increase in the reduction level of the chloroplast plastoquinone pool (PQ pool) 5-7 days after introduction of the stress factors. After 10-14 days, a decrease in the size of PSII light harvesting antenna was observed in plants under conditions of drought and salinity. This was confirmed by a decrease in content of PSII antenna proteins and by downregulation of gene expression levels of these proteins under the stress conditions. No changes in values of performance index and maximum quantum yield of PSII were detected. Under drought and salinity, the content of hydrogen peroxide in leaves was higher than in control leaves. Thus, we propose that reduction of the size of PSII antenna represents one of the universal mechanisms of acclimation of higher plants to stress factors and the downsizing already begins to manifest under mild stress conditions. Both the PQ pool reduction state and the hydrogen peroxide content are important factors needed for the observed rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Borisova-Mubarakshina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation; and Corresponding author.
| | - Daria V Vetoshkina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya A Naydov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia N Rudenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Elena M Zhurikova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai V Balashov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation; and Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila K Ignatova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana P Fedorchuk
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Boris N Ivanov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
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83
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Singh G, Singh V, Singh V. Genome-wide interologous interactome map (TeaGPIN) of Camellia sinensis. Genomics 2020; 113:553-564. [PMID: 33002625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tea, prepared from the young leaves of Camellia sinensis, is a non-alcoholic beverage globally consumed due to its antioxidant properties, strong taste and aroma. Although, the genomic data of this medicinally and commercially important plant is available, studies related to its sub-cellular interactomic maps are less explored. In this work, we propose a genome-wide interologous protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of tea, termed as TeaGPIN, consisting of 12,033 nodes and 216,107 interactions, developed using draft genome of tea and known PPIs exhaustively collected from 49 template plants. TeaGPIN interactions are prioritized using domain-domain interactions along with the interolog information. A high-confidence TeaGPIN consisting of 5983 nodes and 58,867 edges is reported and its interactions are further evaluated using protein co-localization similarities. Based on three network centralities (degree, betweenness and eigenvector), 1302 key proteins are reported in tea to have p-value <0.01 by comparing the TeaGPIN with 10,000 realizations of Erdős-Rényi and Barabási-Albert based corresponding random network models. Functional content of TeaGPIN is assessed using KEGG and GO annotations and its modular architecture is explored. Network based characterization is carried-out on the transcription factors, and proteins involved flavonoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis pathways to find novel candidates involved in various regulatory processes. We believe the proposed TeaGPIN will impart useful insights in understanding various mechanisms related to growth and development as well as defence against biotic and abiotic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India.
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84
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Živanović B, Milić Komić S, Tosti T, Vidović M, Prokić L, Veljović Jovanović S. Leaf Soluble Sugars and Free Amino Acids as Important Components of Abscisic Acid-Mediated Drought Response in Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1147. [PMID: 32899651 PMCID: PMC7570426 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Water deficit has a global impact on plant growth and crop yield. Climate changes are going to increase the intensity, duration and frequency of severe droughts, particularly in southern and south-eastern Europe, elevating the water scarcity issues. We aimed to assess the contribution of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in the protective mechanisms against water deficit, including stomatal conductance, relative water potential and the accumulation of osmoprotectants, as well as on growth parameters. To achieve that, we used a suitable model system, ABA-deficient tomato mutant, flacca and its parental line. Flacca mutant exhibited constitutively higher levels of soluble sugars (e.g., galactose, arabinose, sorbitol) and free amino acids (AAs) compared with the wild type (WT). Water deficit provoked the strong accumulation of proline in both genotypes, and total soluble sugars only in flacca. Upon re-watering, these osmolytes returned to the initial levels in both genotypes. Our results indicate that flacca compensated higher stomatal conductance with a higher constitutive level of free sugars and AAs. Additionally, we suggest that the accumulation of AAs, particularly proline and its precursors and specific branched-chain AAs in both, glucose and sucrose in flacca, and sorbitol in WT, could contribute to maintaining growth rate during water deficit and recovery in both tomato genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Živanović
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Milić Komić
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, PO Box 51, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Vidović
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Prokić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Veljović Jovanović
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
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85
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Benny J, Marchese A, Giovino A, Marra FP, Perrone A, Caruso T, Martinelli F. Gaining Insight into Exclusive and Common Transcriptomic Features Linked to Drought and Salinity Responses across Fruit Tree Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1059. [PMID: 32825043 PMCID: PMC7570245 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at identifying and mapping key genes expressed in root tissues involved in drought and salinity tolerance/resistance conserved among different fruit tree species. Twenty-six RNA-Seq samples were analyzed from six published studies in five plant species (Olea europaea, Vitis riparia Michx, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus persica, Phoenix dactylifera). This meta-analysis used a bioinformatic pipeline identifying 750 genes that were commonly modulated in three salinity studies and 683 genes that were commonly regulated among three drought studies, implying their conserved role in resistance/tolerance/response to these environmental stresses. A comparison was done on the genes that were in common among both salinity and drought resulted in 82 genes, of which 39 were commonly regulated with the same trend of expression (23 were upregulated and 16 were downregulated). Gene set enrichment and pathway analysis pointed out that pathways encoding regulation of defense response, drug transmembrane transport, and metal ion binding are general key molecular responses to these two abiotic stress responses. Furthermore, hormonal molecular crosstalk plays an essential role in the fine-tuning of plant responses to drought and salinity. Drought and salinity induced a different molecular "hormonal fingerprint". Dehydration stress specifically enhanced multiple genes responsive to abscisic acid, gibberellin, brassinosteroids, and the ethylene-activated signaling pathway. Salt stress mostly repressed genes encoding for key enzymes in signaling proteins in auxin-, gibberellin-(gibberellin 2 oxidase 8), and abscisic acid-related pathways (aldehyde oxidase 4, abscisic acid-responsive element-binding protein 3). Abiotic stress-related genes were mapped into the chromosome to identify molecular markers usable for the improvement of these complex quantitative traits. This meta-analysis identified genes that serve as potential targets to develop cultivars with enhanced drought and salinity resistance and/or tolerance across different fruit tree crops in a biotechnological sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubina Benny
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze—Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (J.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Annalisa Marchese
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze—Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (J.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Antonio Giovino
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), 90011 Bagheria, Italy;
| | - Francesco Paolo Marra
- Department of Architecture (DARCH), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze—Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Perrone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Tiziano Caruso
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze—Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (J.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Federico Martinelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy;
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86
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Nisa ZU, Arif A, Waheed MQ, Shah TM, Iqbal A, Siddiqui AJ, Choudhary MI, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. A comparative metabolomic study on desi and kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under rainfed and irrigated field conditions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13919. [PMID: 32811886 PMCID: PMC7434909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickpea is considered among the most important leguminous crops in the world. However, in recent years drought conditions and/or limited availability of water have significantly reduced the production of chickpea. The current study was aimed to understand the legume stress response at the metabolic level for the determination of chickpea genotypes which can resist yield losses and could be cultivated with limited water availability. Here, we have analyzed two genotypes of chickpea, desi and kabuli under rainfed condition using a GC–MS based untargeted metabolomics approach. Results revealed significant differences in several metabolite features including oxalic acid, threonic acid, inositol, maltose and l-proline between studied groups. Accumulation of plant osmoprotectants such as l-proline, sugars and sugar alcohols was higher in desi genotype than kabuli genotype of chickpea when grown under the rainfed condition. Metabolic pathway analysis suggests that the inositol phosphate metabolism was involved in plant defense mechanisms against the limited water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaib Un Nisa
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Anjuman Arif
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Tariq Mahmood Shah
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosoy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, 75 123, Uppsala, Sweden. .,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan. .,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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87
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Ghodke P, Khandagale K, Thangasamy A, Kulkarni A, Narwade N, Shirsat D, Randive P, Roylawar P, Singh I, Gawande SJ, Mahajan V, Solanke A, Singh M. Comparative transcriptome analyses in contrasting onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes for drought stress. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237457. [PMID: 32780764 PMCID: PMC7418993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important vegetable crop widely grown for diverse culinary and nutraceutical properties. Being a shallow-rooted plant, it is prone to drought. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing of drought-tolerant (1656) and drought-sensitive (1627) onion genotypes was performed to elucidate the molecular basis of differential response to drought stress. A total of 123206 and 139252 transcripts (average transcript length: 690 bases) were generated after assembly for 1656 and 1627, respectively. Differential gene expression analyses revealed upregulation and downregulation of 1189 and 1180 genes, respectively, in 1656, whereas in 1627, upregulation and downregulation of 872 and 1292 genes, respectively, was observed. Genes encoding transcription factors, cytochrome P450, membrane transporters, and flavonoids, and those related to carbohydrate metabolism were found to exhibit a differential expression behavior in the tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The information generated can facilitate a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying drought response in onion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjali Ghodke
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - Kiran Khandagale
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - A. Thangasamy
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - Abhijeet Kulkarni
- Department of Bioinformatics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Nitin Narwade
- Department of Bioinformatics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Dhananjay Shirsat
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - Pragati Randive
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - Praveen Roylawar
- S. N. Arts, D. J. M. Commerce and B. N. S. Science College, Sangamner, India
| | - Isha Singh
- School of Biomolecular Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suresh J. Gawande
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | - Vijay Mahajan
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
| | | | - Major Singh
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, India
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88
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Guo L, Li C, Jiang Y, Luo K, Xu C. Heterologous Expression of Poplar WRKY18/35 Paralogs in Arabidopsis Reveals Their Antagonistic Regulation on Pathogen Resistance and Abiotic Stress Tolerance via Variable Hormonal Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5440. [PMID: 32751641 PMCID: PMC7432504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (WRKY TFs) are one of the largest protein families in plants, and most of them play vital roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses by regulating related signaling pathways. In this study, we isolated two WRKY TF genes PtrWRKY18 and PtrWRKY35 from Populustrichocarpa and overexpressed them in Arabidopsis. Expression pattern analyses showed that PtrWRKY18 and PtrWRKY35 respond to salicylic acid (SA), methyl JA (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA), B. cinereal, and P. syringae treatment. The transgenic plants conferred higher B. cinerea tolerance than wild-type (WT) plants, and real-time quantitative (qRT)-PCR assays showed that PR3 and PDF1.2 had higher expression levels in transgenic plants, which was consistent with their tolerance to B. cinereal. The transgenic plants showed lower P. syringae tolerance than WT plants, and qRT-PCR analysis (PR1, PR2, and NPR1) also corresponded to this phenotype. Germination rate and root analysis showed that the transgenic plants are less sensitive to ABA, which leads to the reduced tolerance to osmotic stress and the increase of the death ratio and stomatal aperture. Compared with WT plants, a series of ABA-related genes (RD29A, ABO3, ABI4, ABI5, and DREB1A) were significantly down-regulated in PtrWRKY18 and PtrWRKY35 overexpression plants. All of these results demonstrated that the two WRKY TFs are multifunctional transcription factors in plant resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (L.G.); (C.L.); (Y.J.)
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Chaofeng Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (L.G.); (C.L.); (Y.J.)
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-8 Midori-cho, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Yuanzhong Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (L.G.); (C.L.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (L.G.); (C.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Changzheng Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (L.G.); (C.L.); (Y.J.)
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89
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Ali E, Raza MA, Cai M, Hussain N, Shahzad AN, Hussain M, Ali M, Bukhari SAH, Sun P. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) genes family: Genome-wide survey and phylogenetic analysis in flax (Linum usitatissimum). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236454. [PMID: 32702710 PMCID: PMC7377914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a member of family linaceae with annual growth habit. It is included among those crops which were domesticated very early and has been used in development related studies as a model plant. In plants, Calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) comprise a unique set of Calmodulin-binding proteins. To elucidate the transport mechanism of secondary metabolites in flax, a genome-based study on these transporters was performed. The current investigation identified nine CAMTAs proteins, classified into three categories during phylogenetic analysis. Each group had significant evolutionary role as illustrated by the conservation of gene structures, protein domains and motif organizations over the distinctive phylogenetic classes. GO annotation suggested a link to sequence-specific DNA and protein binding, response to low temperature and transcription regulation by RNA polymerase II. The existence of different hormonal and stress responsive cis-regulatory elements in promotor region may directly correlate with the variation of their transcripts. MicroRNA target analysis revealed that various groups of miRNA families targeted the LuCAMTAs genes. Identification of CAMTA genes, miRNA studies and phylogenetic analysis may open avenues to uncover the underlying functional mechanism of this important family of genes in flax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Ali
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohammad Ammar Raza
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Murtaza Ali
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | | - Peilong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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90
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Yang T, Lian Y, Kang J, Bian Z, Xuan L, Gao Z, Wang X, Deng J, Wang C. The SUPPRESSOR of MAX2 1 (SMAX1)-Like SMXL6, SMXL7 and SMXL8 Act as Negative Regulators in Response to Drought Stress in Arabidopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 61:1477-1492. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Drought represents a major threat to crop growth and yields. Strigolactones (SLs) contribute to regulating shoot branching by targeting the SUPPRESSOR OF MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2)-LIKE6 (SMXL6), SMXL7 and SMXL8 for degradation in a MAX2-dependent manner in Arabidopsis. Although SLs are implicated in plant drought response, the functions of the SMXL6, 7 and 8 in the SL-regulated plant response to drought stress have remained unclear. Here, we performed transcriptomic, physiological and biochemical analyses of smxl6, 7, 8 and max2 plants to understand the basis for SMXL6/7/8-regulated drought response. We found that three D53 (DWARF53)-Like SMXL members, SMXL6, 7 and 8, are involved in drought response as the smxl6smxl7smxl8 triple mutants showed markedly enhanced drought tolerance compared to wild type (WT). The smxl6smxl7smxl8 plants exhibited decreased leaf stomatal index, cuticular permeability and water loss, and increased anthocyanin biosynthesis during dehydration. Moreover, smxl6smxl7smxl8 were hypersensitive to ABA-induced stomatal closure and ABA responsiveness during and after germination. In addition, RNA-sequencing analysis of the leaves of the D53-like smxl mutants, SL-response max2 mutant and WT plants under normal and dehydration conditions revealed an SMXL6/7/8-mediated network controlling plant adaptation to drought stress via many stress- and/or ABA-responsive and SL-related genes. These data further provide evidence for crosstalk between ABA- and SL-dependent signaling pathways in regulating plant responses to drought. Our results demonstrate that SMXL6, 7 and 8 are vital components of SL signaling and are negatively involved in drought responses, suggesting that genetic manipulation of SMXL6/7/8-dependent SL signaling may provide novel ways to improve drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuke Lian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jihong Kang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Bian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lijuan Xuan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhensheng Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chongying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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91
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Zhang L, Li D, Yao Y, Zhang S. H 2O 2, Ca 2+, and K + in subsidiary cells of maize leaves are involved in regulatory signaling of stomatal movement. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:243-251. [PMID: 32449683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The stomata of maize (Zea mays) contain a pair of guard cells and a pair of subsidiary cells. To determine whether H2O2, Ca2+, and K+ in subsidiary cells were involved in stomatal movement, we treated four-week-old maize (Zhengdan 958) leaves with H2O2, diphenylene iodonium (DPI), CaCl2, and LaCl3. Changes in content and distribution of H2O2, Ca2+, and K+ during stomatal movement were observed. When exogenous H2O2 was applied, Ca2+ increased and K+ decreased in guard cells, while both ions increased in subsidiary cells, leading to stomatal closure. After DPI treatment, Ca2+ decreased and K+ increased in guard cells, but both Ca2+ and K+ decreased in subsidiary cells, resulting in open stomata. Exogenous CaCl2 increased H2O2 and reduced K+ in guard cells, while significantly increasing them in subsidiary cells and causing stomatal closure. After LaCl3 treatment, H2O2 decreased and K+ increased in guard cells, whereas both decreased in subsidiary cells and stomata became open. Results indicate that H2O2 and Ca2+ correlate positively with each other and with K+ in subsidiary cells during stomatal movement. Both H2O2 and Ca2+ in subsidiary cells promote an inflow of K+, indirectly regulating stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yaqin Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Suiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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92
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Yin H, Zhou H, Wang W, Tran LSP, Zhang B. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Roles of Abscisic Acid and Polyphenols in Adaptation of Onobrychis viciifolia to Extreme Environmental Conditions in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060967. [PMID: 32604957 PMCID: PMC7356597 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant stress resistance in the face of ever-changing environmental stimuli will be helpful for promoting the growth and production of crop and forage plants. Investigations of plant responses to various single abiotic or biotic factors, or combined stresses, have been extensively reported. However, the molecular mechanisms of plants in responses to environmental stresses under natural conditions are not clearly understood. In this study, we carried out a transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing to decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms of Onobrychis viciifolia responding and adapting to the extreme natural environment in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). The transcriptome data of plant samples collected from two different altitudes revealed a total of 8212 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 5387 up-regulated and 2825 down-regulated genes. Detailed analysis of the identified DEGs uncovered that up-regulation of genes potentially leading to changes in hormone homeostasis and signaling, particularly abscisic acid-related ones, and enhanced biosynthesis of polyphenols play vital roles in the adaptive processes of O. viciifolia. Interestingly, several DEGs encoding uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases, which putatively regulate phytohormone homeostasis to resist environmental stresses, were also discovered. Furthermore, numerous DEGs encoding transcriptional factors, such as members of the myeloblastosis (MYB), homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-ZIP), WRKY, and nam-ataf1,2-cuc2 (NAC) families, might be involved in the adaptive responses of O. viciifolia to the extreme natural environmental conditions. The DEGs identified in this study represent candidate targets for improving environmental stress resistance of O. viciifolia grown in higher altitudes of the QTP, and can provide deep insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of this plant species to the extreme natural environmental conditions of the QTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Huakun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Wenying Wang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (L.-S.P.T.); (B.Z.)
| | - Benyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Correspondence: (L.-S.P.T.); (B.Z.)
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93
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Wang G, Li M, Cheng H, Zhang C, Deng W, Li T. Expression profiling of Cordyceps DnaJ protein family in Tolypocladium guangdongense during developmental and temperature stress processes. Gene 2020; 743:144563. [PMID: 32165290 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
DnaJ is an important molecular chaperone, with significant roles in growth, development, and stress resistance. Studies on the DnaJ gene family in macro-fungi such as Cordyceps spp. s.l. is scare. In this study, 22, 20, and 24 putative DnaJ genes were identified in Tolypocladium guangdongense, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, and C. militaris, respectively. They were classified into four groups based on the presence of the J, zinc finger, and C-terminal domains. We mainly studied the T. guangdongense DnaJ genes being located in the endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, and nucleus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed gene duplications during the evolutionary process. Multiple cis-elements and transcription factor binding sites were observed in the promoter, suggesting their involvement in the response to multiple stresses. qRT-PCR analysis showed that 63.63% and 45.45% of T. guangdongense DnaJ genes were differentially expressed under cold and heat stress, respectively, indicating their involvement in the response to temperature stress. Many T. guangdongense DnaJ genes in the primordium and fruiting body exhibited differential expression, in comparison to those in the mycelium, suggesting a regulatory role in its growth and development process. These findings will facilitate further functional analysis, and provide information on the classification and conservative functions of DnaJ proteins in macro-fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tibet University, Nyingchi 860000, Tibet, China
| | - Huijiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Wangqiu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Taihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
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94
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Pan W, You Y, Shentu JL, Weng YN, Wang ST, Xu QR, Liu HJ, Du ST. Abscisic acid (ABA)-importing transporter 1 (AIT1) contributes to the inhibition of Cd accumulation via exogenous ABA application in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122189. [PMID: 32044630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation presents risks to crop safety and productivity. However, through an exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA), its accumulation in plants can be reduced and its toxicity mitigated, thereby providing an alternative strategy to counteract Cd contamination of arable soil. In the present study, we demonstrated that exogenous ABA application alleviates Cd-induced growth inhibition and photosynthetic damage in wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis plants. However, these positive effects were weakened in the ABA-importing transporter (AIT1)-deficient mutant (ait1). Through further analysis, we found that upon ABA application, the decrease in Cd level significantly differed among ait1, Col-0, and the two AIT1-overexpressing transgenic plants (AIT1ox-1 and AIT1ox-2), suggesting that AIT1 mediates the Cd-reducing effects of ABA. ABA application also inhibited the expression of IRT1, ZIP1, ZIP4, and Nramp1 in Col-0 plants subjected to Cd stress. However, significant differences among the genotypes (ait1, Col-0 and AIT1ox) were only observed in terms of IRT1 expression. Overall, our findings suggest that the suppression of Cd accumulation and restoration of plant growth by exogenous ABA require the ABA-importing activity of AIT1 to inhibit IRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yue You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jia-Li Shentu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yi-Neng Weng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qian-Ru Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shao-Ting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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95
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Nehela Y, Killiny N. The unknown soldier in citrus plants: polyamines-based defensive mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses and their relationship with other stress-associated metabolites. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1761080. [PMID: 32408848 PMCID: PMC8570725 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1761080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Citrus plants are challenged by a broad diversity of abiotic and biotic stresses, which definitely alter their growth, development, and productivity. In order to survive the various stressful conditions, citrus plants relay on multi-layered adaptive strategies, among which is the accumulation of stress-associated metabolites that play vital and complex roles in citrus defensive responses. These metabolites included amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phytohormones, polyamines (PAs), and other secondary metabolites. However, the contribution of PAs pathways in citrus defense responses is poorly understood. In this review article, we will discuss the recent metabolic, genetic, and molecular evidence illustrating the potential roles of PAs in citrus defensive responses against biotic and abiotic stressors. We believe that PAs-based defensive role, against biotic and abiotic stress in citrus, is involving the interaction with other stress-associated metabolites, particularly phytohormones. The knowledge gained so far about PAs-based defensive responses in citrus underpins our need for further genetic manipulation of PAs biosynthetic genes to produce transgenic citrus plants with modulated PAs content that may enhance the tolerance of citrus plants against stressful conditions. In addition, it provides valuable information for the potential use of PAs or their synthetic analogs and their emergence as a promising approach to practical applications in citriculture to enhance stress tolerance in citrus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Nehela
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Nabil Killiny
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
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96
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Zhao C, Zhang H, Song C, Zhu JK, Shabala S. Mechanisms of Plant Responses and Adaptation to Soil Salinity. Innovation (N Y) 2020; 1:100017. [PMID: 34557705 PMCID: PMC8454569 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops. Understanding the physiological, metabolic, and biochemical responses of plants to salt stress and mining the salt tolerance-associated genetic resource in nature will be extremely important for us to cultivate salt-tolerant crops. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms of salt stress responses in plants, including salt stress-triggered physiological responses, oxidative stress, salt stress sensing and signaling pathways, organellar stress, ion homeostasis, hormonal and gene expression regulation, metabolic changes, as well as salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes. Important questions regarding salt tolerance that need to be addressed in the future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhao Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
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97
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Overexpression of LeNHX4 improved yield, fruit quality and salt tolerance in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4145-4153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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98
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Jiang W, Yin J, Zhang H, He Y, Shuai S, Chen S, Cao S, Li W, Ma D, Chen H. Genome-wide identification, characterization analysis and expression profiling of auxin-responsive GH3 family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3885-3907. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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99
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Venâncio C, Pereira R, Lopes I. The influence of salinization on seed germination and plant growth under mono and polyculture. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113993. [PMID: 32000022 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sea level rise induced-salinization is lowering coastal soils productivity. In order to assess the effects that increased salinity may provoke in terrestrial plants, using as model species: Trifolium pratense, Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea and Vicia sativa, two specific objectives were targeted: i) to determine the sensitivity of the selected plant species to increased salinity (induced by seawater-SW or by NaCl, proposed as a surrogate of SW) and, ii) to assess the influence of salinization in total biomass under different agricultural practices (mono- or polycultures). The four plant species exhibited a higher sensitivity to NaCl than to SW. Festuca arundinacea was the most tolerant species to NaCl (EC50,seed germination and EC50,growth of 18.6 and 10.5 mScm-1, respectively). The other three species presented effective conductivities in the same order of magnitude and, in general, with 95% confidence limits overlapping. Soil moistened with SW caused no significant adverse effects on seed germination and growth of L. perenne. Similar to NaCl, the other three species, in general, presented a similar sensitivity to SW exposure with EC50,seed germination and EC50,growth within the same order of magnitude and with confidence limits overlapping. The agricultural practice (mono-vs polyculture) showed some influence on the biomass of each plant species. When considering total productivity, for aerial and root biomass, it was higher in control comparatively to salinization conditions. Under salinization stress, the practice of polyculture was associated with a higher aerial and root total biomass than monocultures (for instance with combinations with T. pratense and F. arundinacea).Results suggest that the effects of salinity stress on total productivity may be minimized under agricultural practices of polyculture. Thus, this type of cultures should be encouraged in low-lying coastal ecosystems that are predicted to suffer from salinization caused by seawater intrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Venâncio
- Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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100
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Chang YN, Zhu C, Jiang J, Zhang H, Zhu JK, Duan CG. Epigenetic regulation in plant abiotic stress responses. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:563-580. [PMID: 31872527 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, gene expression is greatly influenced by the dynamic chromatin environment. Epigenetic mechanisms, including covalent modifications to DNA and histone tails and the accessibility of chromatin, create various chromatin states for stress-responsive gene expression that is important for adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. Recent studies have revealed that many epigenetic factors participate in abiotic stress responses, and various chromatin modifications are changed when plants are exposed to stressful environments. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the cross-talk between abiotic stress response pathways and epigenetic regulatory pathways in plants. Our review focuses on epigenetic regulation of plant responses to extreme temperatures, drought, salinity, the stress hormone abscisic acid, nutrient limitations and ultraviolet stress, and on epigenetic mechanisms of stress memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Chang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Cheng-Guo Duan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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