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Yao Y, Chen Q, Zhou H. Virulence Factors and Pathogenicity Mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii in Respiratory Infectious Diseases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1749. [PMID: 38136783 PMCID: PMC10740465 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has become a notorious pathogen causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia. This opportunistic pathogen is found to possess powerful genomic plasticity and numerous virulence factors that facilitate its success in the infectious process. Although the interactions between A. baumannii and the pulmonary epitheliums have been extensively studied, a complete and specific description of its overall pathogenic process is lacking. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the antibiotic resistance and virulence factors of A. baumannii, specifically focusing on the pathogenic mechanisms of this detrimental pathogen in respiratory infectious diseases. An expansion of the knowledge regarding A. baumannii pathogenesis will contribute to the development of effective therapies based on immunopathology or intracellular signaling pathways to eliminate this harmful pathogen during infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.C.)
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52
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Karruli A, Migliaccio A, Pournaras S, Durante-Mangoni E, Zarrilli R. Cefiderocol and Sulbactam-Durlobactam against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1729. [PMID: 38136764 PMCID: PMC10740486 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) remain a clinical challenge due to limited treatment options. Recently, cefiderocol, a novel siderophore cephalosporin, and sulbactam-durlobactam, a bactericidal β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combination, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of A. baumannii infections. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action of and resistance to cefiderocol and sulbactam-durlobactam, the antimicrobial susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates to these drugs, as well as the clinical effectiveness of cefiderocol and sulbactam/durlobactam-based regimens against CRAB. Overall, cefiderocol and sulbactam-durlobactam show an excellent antimicrobial activity against CRAB. The review of clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of cefiderocol therapy against CRAB indicates it is non-inferior to colistin/other treatments for CRAB infections, with a better safety profile. Combination treatment is not associated with improved outcomes compared to monotherapy. Higher mortality rates are often associated with prior patient comorbidities and the severity of the underlying infection. Regarding sulbactam-durlobactam, current data from the pivotal clinical trial and case reports suggest this antibiotic combination could be a valuable option in critically ill patients affected by CRAB infections, in particular where no other antibiotic appears to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arta Karruli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonella Migliaccio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Spyros Pournaras
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Medical School, “Attikon” University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Street, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Raffaele Zarrilli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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53
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Pfaller MA, Shortridge D, Carvalhaes CG, Castanheira M. Trends in the susceptibility of U.S. Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus species complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates to minocycline, 2014-2021. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0198123. [PMID: 37921464 PMCID: PMC10715018 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01981-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus species complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are opportunistic, non-fermentative Gram-negative organisms that can cause serious hospital-acquired infections in immunocompromised patients. These pathogens are inherently resistant to several common drug classes and often acquire other resistance mechanisms, making them difficult to treat. In this study, we analyzed the trends of susceptibility of over 2,500 U.S. bacterial isolates collected from hospitalized patients over an 8-year period to minocycline, which is used to treat infections caused by these pathogens. These in vitro data suggest that minocycline is a useful treatment option for infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus species complex or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Pfaller
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA
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54
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Di Pilato V, Willison E, Marchese A. The microbiology and pathogenesis of nonfermenting Gram-negative infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:537-544. [PMID: 37732777 PMCID: PMC10624403 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides an overview of most recent evidence about pathogenesis traits and virulence factors contributing to successful colonization or infection by P. aeruginosa , A. baumannii , S. maltophilia and B. cepacia complex, among the most clinically relevant nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB). RECENT FINDINGS The growing clinical importance of NFGNB as important opportunistic pathogens causing difficult-to-treat infections in a fragile patients' population in stressed by numerous studies. Identification of novel virulence factors and deciphering of their mechanisms of action have greatly furthered our understanding of NFGNB pathogenesis, revealing that each pathogen-specific armamentarium of virulence factors (adhesins, motility, capsule, biofilm, lipopolysaccharide, exotoxins, exoenzymes, secretion systems, siderophores) can be likely responsible for the difference in the pathophysiology even in the context of a similar infection site. Emerging evidence of the immunomodulatory effect of some virulence factors is also acknowledged. SUMMARY NFGNB continue to be a serious global problem as cause of life-threatening opportunistic infections, owing to a highly heterogeneous content of virulence factors and their extensive number of intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Further efforts in development of novel effective antimicrobials and of alternative strategies targeting key virulence factors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa
| | - Edward Willison
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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55
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Zhao H, Zhao Y, Yan N, Wang Y, Li W, Zhao J, Xu Y, Tang H, Liu X. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in non-severe and severe pneumonia patients. J Microbiol Methods 2023; 215:106848. [PMID: 37871727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is widely used as a more promising technology than conventional tests. However, its clinical utility in the context of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples for discriminating between non-severe and severe pneumonia is not well established. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of mNGS on BALF samples from 100 individuals suspected of pneumonia, and compared it with conventional microbiological tests (CMT) of BALF samples and the final clinical diagnosis. Twenty-seven cases of non-severe pneumonia and 73 cases of severe pneumonia patients were finally clinically diagnosed. Among 100 cases, diagnostic performance of mNGS and culture showed a significant difference; 65 cases had the same sample types, of which 25 cases were diagnosed as positive by mNGS only (38.46%) and 1 was diagnosed as positive by culture only (1.54%). Moreover, 24 cases were diagnosed positive in both mNGS and culture (36.92%) and 15 cases tested negative in both mNGS and culture (23.08%). Among 35 cases, 28 out of 35 cases were diagnosed as positive by mNGS, while only 4 out of 35 cases were diagnosed as positive by the indirect immunofluorescence method (IIFT). In addition, the positive rate of mNGS was higher than that of culture in cases regardless of prior antibiotic exposure. Mixed pathogens were found to be significantly more prevalent in severe pneumonia patients than in non-severe pneumonia patients. Importantly, among 38 cases who were diagnosed solely by mNGS, 25 patients experienced an improved outcome after physicians changed the therapy according to the mNGS results. In conclusion, the results showed that mNGS of BALF represents a potentially effective tool for detection of mixed pathogens in severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nana Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wushuang Li
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China; Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China; Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China; Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China; Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai 201204, China; Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xunchao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China.
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da Cunha KF, de Oliveira Garcia M, Allend SO, de Albernaz DTF, da Rosa BN, Pereira IL, de Pereira de Pereira CM, Hartwig DD. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H pyrazoles and thiazoles in multidrug-resistant pathogens. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2587-2595. [PMID: 37656404 PMCID: PMC10689707 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To find novel antibiotic drugs, six 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H derivatives named 1b, 1d (pyrazoles), 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d (thiazoles) were evaluated in silico and in vitro. The in silico analyses were based on ADME pharmacokinetic parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion). The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated in Gram-positive and Gram-negative species (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25904, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC® 35984, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC® 700603, and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC® 19606), by determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), kinetics curve, and antibiofilm assays. As results, the azoles have activity against the Gram-negative species K. pneumoniae ATCC® 700603 and A. baumannii ATCC® 19606. No antibacterial activity was observed for the Gram-positive bacteria evaluated. Thus, the azoles were evaluated against clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and A. baumannii multidrug-resistant (Ab-MDR). All azoles have antibacterial activity against Ab-MDR isolates (Gram-negative) with MIC values between 512 μg/mL and 1,024 μg/mL. Against KPC isolates the azoles 1b, 1d, and 2d present antibacterial activity (MIC = 1,024 μg/mL). In the kinetics curve assay, the 1b and 1d pyrazoles reduced significantly viable cells of Ab-MDR isolates and additionally inhibited 86.6 to 95.8% of the biofilm formation. The in silico results indicate high possibility to permeate the blood-brain barrier (2b) and was predict human gastrointestinal absorption (all evaluated azoles). Considering that the research and development of new antibiotics is a priority for drug-resistant pathogens, our study revealed the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of novel azoles against K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Furtado da Cunha
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelle de Oliveira Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Suzane Olachea Allend
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Déborah Trota Farias de Albernaz
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes da Rosa
- Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Isabel Ladeira Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | | | - Daiane Drawanz Hartwig
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil.
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil.
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Monteiro RC, Malta RCR, Rodrigues GL, Ramos GLDPA, Nascimento JDS. Acinetobacter baumannii: a known pathogen, a new problem. Germs 2023; 13:381-384. [PMID: 38361539 PMCID: PMC10866168 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2023.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Campos Monteiro
- Master’s student, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Senador Furtado 121, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Caldeira Rodrigues Malta
- MD, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Senador Furtado 121, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Geovana Lacerda Rodrigues
- Food Technician, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Senador Furtado 121, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis de Paiva Anciens Ramos
- PhD, Department of Bromatology, Pharmacy Faculty, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rua Doutor Mario Viana, 523, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Janaína dos Santos Nascimento
- PhD, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Senador Furtado 121, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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58
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Maure A, Robino E, Van der Henst C. The intracellular life of Acinetobacter baumannii. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1238-1250. [PMID: 37487768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium responsible for nosocomial and community-acquired infections. This pathogen is globally disseminated and associated with high levels of antibiotic resistance, which makes it an important threat to human health. Recently, new evidence showed that several A. baumannii isolates can survive and proliferate within eukaryotic professional and/or nonprofessional phagocytic cells, with in vivo consequences. This review provides updated information and describes the tools that A. baumannii possesses to adhere, colonize, and replicate in host cells. Additionally, we emphasize the high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity detected amongst A. baumannii isolates and its impact on the bacterial intracellular features. We also discuss the need for standardized methods to characterize this pathogen robustly and consequently consider some strains as facultative intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maure
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Robino
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Van der Henst
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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59
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Rai D, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of Conjugation-Ready Tetrasaccharide Repeating Units of a Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii Strain 34 and O5. Org Lett 2023; 25:8332-8337. [PMID: 37955403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first total synthesis of conjugation-ready tetrasaccharide repeating units of Acinetobacter baumannii strain 34 and O5 comprising a common disaccharide motif [α-l-FucpNAc-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAcA]. The installation of 1,2-cis linkages employing a disarmed 2-azido-d-galacturonic acid derivative as the donor is addressed here. The synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating units of A. baumannii strain 34 and O5 is accomplished via the longest linear sequences of 19 steps in 9.8% and 21 steps in 8.4% overall yields, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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60
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Lobiuc A, Pavăl NE, Dimian M, Covașă M. Nanopore Sequencing Assessment of Bacterial Pathogens and Associated Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Environmental Samples. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2834. [PMID: 38137978 PMCID: PMC10745997 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As seen in earlier and present pandemics, monitoring pathogens in the environment can offer multiple insights on their spread, evolution, and even future outbreaks. The present paper assesses the opportunity to detect microbial pathogens and associated antibiotic resistance genes, in relation to specific pathogen sources, by using nanopore sequencing in municipal waters and wastewaters in Romania. The main results indicated that waters collecting effluents from a meat processing facility exhibit altered communities' diversity and abundance, with reduced values (101-108 and 0.86-0.91) of Chao1 and, respectively, Simpson diversity indices and Campylobacterales as main order, compared with other types of municipal waters where the same diversity index had much higher values of 172-214 and 0.97-0.98, and Burkholderiaceae and Pseudomonadaceae were the most abundant families. Moreover, the incidence and type of antibiotic resistance genes were significantly influenced by the proximity of antibiotic sources, with either tetracycline (up to 45% of total reads) or neomycin, streptomycin and tobramycin (up to 3.8% total reads) resistance incidence being shaped by the sampling site. As such, nanopore sequencing proves to be an easy-to-use, accessible molecular technique for environmental pathogen surveillance and associated antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Lobiuc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, “Ştefan cel Mare” University, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (N.-E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Naomi-Eunicia Pavăl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, “Ştefan cel Mare” University, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (N.-E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Mihai Dimian
- Department of Computers, Electronics and Automation, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Mihai Covașă
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, “Ştefan cel Mare” University, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (N.-E.P.); (M.C.)
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61
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Moussa SH, Shapiro AB, McLeod SM, Iyer R, Carter NM, Tsai YK, Siu LK, Miller AA. Molecular drivers of resistance to sulbactam-durlobactam in contemporary clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0066523. [PMID: 37843305 PMCID: PMC10648852 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00665-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (ABC) causes severe infections that are difficult to treat due to pre-existing antibiotic resistance. Sulbactam-durlobactam (SUL-DUR) is a targeted β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotic designed to treat serious infections caused by Acinetobacter, including multidrug- and carbapenem-resistant strains. In a recent global surveillance study of 5,032 ABC clinical isolates collected from 2016 to 2021, less than 2% of ABC isolates had SUL-DUR MIC values >4 µg/mL. Molecular characterization of these isolates confirmed the primary drivers of resistance are metallo-β-lactamases or penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) mutations, as previously described. In addition, this study shows that certain common PBP3 variants, such as A515V, are insufficient to confer sulbactam resistance and that the efflux of durlobactam by AdeIJK is likely to play a role in a subset of strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir H. Moussa
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam B. Shapiro
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah M. McLeod
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ramkumar Iyer
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole M. Carter
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu-Kuo Tsai
- Kemyth Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Alita A. Miller
- Innoviva Specialty Therapeutics Inc., an affiliate of Entasis Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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62
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Bruss JB, Bader J, Hamed KA. Safety and pharmacokinetics of SPR206 in subjects with varying degrees of renal impairment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0050523. [PMID: 37823647 PMCID: PMC10648942 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00505-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SPR206 is a novel polymyxin derivative with potent in vitro activity against susceptible and multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter species. SPR206 is eliminated renally. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of SPR206 were evaluated in healthy subjects with normal renal function (Cohort 1) and subjects with varying degrees of renal impairment (RI) (Cohorts 2-4) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) (Cohort 5). Subjects in Cohorts 1-4 received a 100-mg intravenous (IV) dose of SPR206. Subjects in Cohort 5 received a 100-mg IV dose within 2 h after HD on day 1 and 1 h before HD on day 5. Safety and PK analyses included 37 subjects. Mostly mild but no serious treatment-related adverse events were reported. Systemic exposure to SPR206 increased as renal function decreased, with mean area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0-last) values 39% to 239% greater in subjects with RI vs healthy subjects. Mean plasma clearance (CL) of SPR206 decreased with decreasing renal function (29% to 76% lower vs healthy subjects). In subjects with ESRD, AUC0-last decreased by 51%, and CL increased by 92% for dialyzed vs nondialyzed conditions. SPR206 was excreted in urine within 12 h in healthy subjects and subjects with mild RI (Cohort 2) but was prolonged in those with moderate and severe RI (Cohorts 3 and 4, respectively). In summary, SPR206 was generally safe and well tolerated, and the PK of SPR206 was well characterized in subjects with RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon B. Bruss
- Spero Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin Bader
- Spero Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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63
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Li J, Feng X, Wang J, Lin Q, Zheng Y, Zhang F, Mi Y, Zhu X, Jiang E, Xiao Z, Wang J, Feng S. Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infection in hematological patients: a 10-year single-center study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:796. [PMID: 37964192 PMCID: PMC10648370 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the clinical and antimicrobial characteristics of Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infection (BSI) in hematological patients. Risk factors for 30-day mortality and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. (CRA) BSI acquisition were also identified. METHODS We reviewed forty hematological patients with Acinetobacter spp. BSI in a large Chinese blood disease hospital between 2013 and 2022. The remaining CRA isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS The 30-day mortality rate was high at 35%. Hematological patients with Acinetobacter spp. BSI often presented with severe conditions and co-infections at multiple sites. All strains were colistin-susceptible and 40.0% were CR. Multivariate analysis identified several risk factors associated with CRA BSI acquisition, including previous exposure to carbapenems within 30 days and CRA colonization. Very severe aplastic anaemia, tetracycline-resistant Acinetobacter spp. BSI, and unresolved neutropenia after infection were closely associated with 30-day mortality. Non-survivors often presented with higher median PCT and CRP levels and severe complications, such as intracranial infection, cardiac dysfunction, respiratory failure, and severe sepsis or septic shock. Our study also identified inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy as an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (OR: 11.234, 95% CI: 1.261-20.086, P = 0.030). This study was the first to report A. oleivorans as a human pathogen, and to identify its unique oxacillinase, OXA-325. CONCLUSION An environment-originated non-pathogenic species can become pathogenic when the body's immunity is compromised. Our results also highlighted the importance of improving neutropenia after infection, treating severe organ dysfunction, and administering appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy to reduce mortality in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaomeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Qingsong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yizhou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Fengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yingchang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
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Brindangnanam P, Ashokkumar K, Kamaraj S, Coumar MS. Exploring imidazo[4,5- g]quinoline-4,9-dione derivatives as Acinetobacter baumannii efflux pump inhibitor: an in silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37937796 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2279287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is fast becoming a medical crisis affecting the entire global population. World Health Organization (WHO) statistics show that globally 0.7 million people are dying yearly due to the emergence of AMR. By 2050, the expected number of lives lost will be 10 million per year. Acinetobacter baumannii is a dreadful nosocomial pathogen that has developed multidrug resistance (MDR) to several currently prescribed antibiotics worldwide. Overexpression of drug efflux transporters (DETs) is one of the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in Acinetobacter baumannii. Therefore, blocking the DET can raise the efficacy of the existing antibiotics by increasing their residence time inside the bacteria. In silico screening of five synthetic compounds against three drug efflux pump from A. baumannii has identified KSA5, a novel imidazo[4,5-g]quinoline-4,9-dione derivative, to block the efflux of antibiotics. Molecular docking and simulation results showed that KSA5 could bind to adeB, adeG, and adeJ by consistently interacting with ligand-binding site residues. KSA5 has a higher binding free energy and a lower HOMO-LUMO energy gap than PAβN, suggesting a better ability to interact and inhibit DETs. Further analysis showed that KSA5 is a drug-like molecule with optimal physicochemical and ADME properties. Hence, KSA5 could be combined with antibiotics to overcome antimicrobial resistance.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pownraj Brindangnanam
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
| | - Krishnan Ashokkumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Velllore, India
| | - Sriraghavan Kamaraj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Velllore, India
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
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Kang L, Pang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang J, Han D. L-arabinose Attenuates LPS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Injury through Reduced M1 Macrophage Polarization. J Nutr 2023; 153:3327-3340. [PMID: 37717628 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-arabinose has anti-inflammatory and metabolism-promoting properties, and macrophages participate in the alleviation of inflammation; however, the mechanism by which they contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of L-arabinose is unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate the involvement of macrophages in the mitigation of L-arabinose in an intestinal inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups: a control and an LPS group that both received normal water supplementation, and an L-arabinose (ARA+LPS) group that received 5% L-arabinose supplementation. Mice in the LPS and ARA+LPS groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (10 mg/kg body weight), whereas the control group was intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of saline. Intestinal morphology, cytokines, tight junction proteins, macrophage phenotypes, and microbial communities were profiled at 6 h postinjection. RESULTS L-arabinose alleviated LPS-induced damage to intestinal morphology. L-arabinose down-regulated serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and toll-like receptor-4 in jejunum and colon compared with those of the LPS group (P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of occludin and claudin-1 were significantly increased by L-arabinose (P < 0.05). Interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF-5) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1), key genes characterized by M1 macrophages, were elevated in the jejunum and colon of LPS mice (P < 0.05) but decreased in the ARA+LPS mice (P < 0.05). In vitro, L-arabinose decreased the proportion of M1 macrophages and inhibited mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, as well as IRF-5 and STAT-1 (P < 0.01). Moreover, L-arabinose restored the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae, Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Paraasutterella compared with those of LPS (P < 0.05) and increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory effects of L-arabinose are achieved by reducing M1 macrophage polarization, suggesting that L-arabinose could be a candidate functional food or nutritional strategy for intestinal inflammation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaman Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yisi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Li L, Short FL, Hassan KA, Naidu V, Pokhrel A, Nagy SS, Prity FT, Shah BS, Afrin N, Baker S, Parkhill J, Cain AK, Paulsen IT. Systematic analyses identify modes of action of ten clinically relevant biocides and antibiotic antagonism in Acinetobacter baumannii. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1995-2005. [PMID: 37814070 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Concerns exist that widespread use of antiseptic or disinfectant biocides could contribute to the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. To investigate this, we performed transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing (TraDIS) on the multidrug-resistant pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii, exposed to a panel of ten structurally diverse and clinically relevant biocides. Multiple gene targets encoding cell envelope or cytoplasmic proteins involved in processes including fatty acid biogenesis, multidrug efflux, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell respiration and cell division, were identified to have effects on bacterial fitness upon biocide exposure, suggesting that these compounds may have intracellular targets in addition to their known effects on the cell envelope. As cell respiration genes are required for A. baumannii fitness in biocides, we confirmed that sub-inhibitory concentrations of the biocides that dissipate membrane potential can promote A. baumannii tolerance to antibiotics that act intracellularly. Our results support the concern that residual biocides might promote antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francesca L Short
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karl A Hassan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Varsha Naidu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alaska Pokhrel
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection (AIMI), University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie S Nagy
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Farzana T Prity
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bhumika S Shah
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nusrat Afrin
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Baker
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian Parkhill
- The Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy K Cain
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Ian T Paulsen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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McGuffey JC, Jackson-Litteken CD, Di Venanzio G, Zimmer AA, Lewis JM, Distel JS, Kim KQ, Zaher HS, Alfonzo J, Scott NE, Feldman MF. The tRNA methyltransferase TrmB is critical for Acinetobacter baumannii stress responses and pulmonary infection. mBio 2023; 14:e0141623. [PMID: 37589464 PMCID: PMC10653896 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01416-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE As deficiencies in tRNA modifications have been linked to human diseases such as cancer and diabetes, much research has focused on the modifications' impacts on translational regulation in eukaryotes. However, the significance of tRNA modifications in bacterial physiology remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we demonstrate that the m7G tRNA methyltransferase TrmB is crucial for a top-priority pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii, to respond to stressors encountered during infection, including oxidative stress, low pH, and iron deprivation. We show that loss of TrmB dramatically attenuates a murine pulmonary infection. Given the current efforts to use another tRNA methyltransferase, TrmD, as an antimicrobial therapeutic target, we propose that TrmB, and other tRNA methyltransferases, may also be viable options for drug development to combat multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna C. McGuffey
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Clay D. Jackson-Litteken
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gisela Di Venanzio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Aubree A. Zimmer
- Department of Microbiology and The Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica M. Lewis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesus S. Distel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kyusik Q. Kim
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hani S. Zaher
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Juan Alfonzo
- Department of Microbiology and The Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nichollas E. Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mario F. Feldman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Migliaccio A, Bray J, Intoccia M, Stabile M, Scala G, Jolley KA, Brisse S, Zarrilli R. Phylogenomics of Acinetobacter species and analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264030. [PMID: 37928684 PMCID: PMC10620307 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-baumannii Acinetobacter species are increasingly isolated in the clinical setting and the environment. The aim of the present study was to analyze a genome database of 837 Acinetobacter spp. isolates, which included 798 non-baumannii Acinetobacter genomes, in order to define the concordance of classification and discriminatory power of 7-gene MLST, 53-gene MLST, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) phylogenies. Methods Phylogenies were performed on Pasteur Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) or ribosomal Multilocus Sequence Typing (rMLST) concatenated alleles, or SNPs extracted from core genome alignment. Results The Pasteur MLST scheme was able to identify and genotype 72 species in the Acinetobacter genus, with classification results concordant with the ribosomal MLST scheme. The discriminatory power and genotyping reliability of the Pasteur MLST scheme were assessed in comparison to genome-wide SNP phylogeny on 535 non-baumannii Acinetobacter genomes assigned to Acinetobacter pittii, Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Acinetobacter seifertii, and Acinetobacter lactucae (heterotypic synonym of Acinetobacter dijkshoorniae), which were the most clinically relevant non-baumannii species of the A. baumannii group. The Pasteur MLST and SNP phylogenies were congruent at Robinson-Fould and Matching cluster tests and grouped genomes into four and three clusters in A. pittii, respectively, and one each in A. seifertii. Furthermore, A. lactucae genomes were grouped into one cluster within A. pittii genomes. The SNP phylogeny of A. nosocomialis genomes showed a heterogeneous population and did not correspond to the Pasteur MLST phylogeny, which identified two recombinant clusters. The antimicrobial resistance genes belonging to at least three different antimicrobial classes were identified in 91 isolates assigned to 17 distinct species in the Acinetobacter genus. Moreover, the presence of a class D oxacillinase, which is a naturally occurring enzyme in several Acinetobacter species, was found in 503 isolates assigned to 35 Acinetobacter species. Conclusion In conclusion, Pasteur MLST phylogeny of non-baumannii Acinetobacter isolates coupled with in silico detection of antimicrobial resistance makes it important to study the population structure and epidemiology of Acinetobacter spp. isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Bray
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Intoccia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Stabile
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Keith A. Jolley
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Raffaele Zarrilli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Tsilipounidaki K, Gkountinoudis CG, Florou Z, Fthenakis GC, Miriagou V, Petinaki E. The Molecular Characterization of blaNDM-1-Positive Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated in Central Greece. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2588. [PMID: 37894246 PMCID: PMC10609234 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to report the detection and the molecular characterization of nine blaNDM-1-positive Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, which were isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in Central Greece from December 2022 to August 2023. The isolates were characterized by whole genome sequencing to obtain Pasteur multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and to identify the blaNDM-1-environment, resistome, and virulence genes content. In silico MLST analysis showed that the isolates belonged to four different clones (STs 160, 2, 85, and 2493). All strains, apart from the blaNDM-1-gene, possessed at least eight different genes, encoding resistance to various antimicrobial agents. Whole genome sequencing revealed two different structures of the blaNDM-1 environment. The first, detected in ST160 strain, was identical with the Tn125, whereas the second, found in STs 2, 85, and 2493 was associated with Tn7382. To our knowledge, after a sole strain reported in 2016 and imported by a patient hospitalized in a Libyan hospital, this is the first report of the emergence of polyclonal blaNDM-1-positive Acinetobacter baumannii in Greece. Our findings re-emphasize the need to apply diligent surveillance protocols in order to limit the horizontal transfer of the blaNDM-1 gene to other A. baumannii clones or to other recipient strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Tsilipounidaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (C.-G.G.); (Z.F.)
| | | | - Zoi Florou
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (C.-G.G.); (Z.F.)
| | | | - Vivi Miriagou
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Efthymia Petinaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (C.-G.G.); (Z.F.)
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Lewis ED, Ortega EF, Dao MC, Barger K, Mason JB, Leong JM, Osburne MS, Magoun L, Nepveux V FJ, Chishti AH, Schwake C, Quynh A, Gilhooly CH, Petty G, Guo W, Matuszek G, Pereira D, Reddy M, Wang J, Wu D, Meydani SN, Combs GF. Safe and effective delivery of supplemental iron to healthy adults: a two-phase, randomized, double-blind trial - the safe iron study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1230061. [PMID: 37899826 PMCID: PMC10603204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1230061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The safety of novel forms of iron in healthy, iron-replete adults as might occur if used in population-based iron supplementation programs was examined. We tested the hypotheses that supplementation with nanoparticulate iron hydroxide adipate tartrate (IHAT), an iron-enriched Aspergillus oryzae product (ASP), or ferrous sulphate heptahydrate (FS) are safe as indicated by erythrocyte susceptibility to malarial infection, bacterial proliferation, and gut inflammation. Responses to FS administered daily or weekly, and with or without other micronutrients were compared. Methods Two phases of randomized, double-blinded trials were conducted in Boston, MA. Phase I randomized 160 volunteers to six treatments: placebo, IHAT, ASP, FS, and FS plus a micronutrient powder (MNP) administrated daily at 60 mg Fe/day; and FS administered as a single weekly dose of 420 mg Fe. Phase II randomized 86 volunteers to IHAT, ASP, or FS administered at 120 mg Fe/day. Completing these phases were 151 and 77 participants, respectively. The study was powered to detect effects on primary endpoints: susceptibility of participant erythrocytes to infection by Plasmodium falciparum, the proliferation potential of selected pathogenic bacteria in sera, and markers of gut inflammation. Secondary endpoints for which the study was not powered included indicators of iron status and gastrointestinal symptoms. Results Supplementation with any form of iron did not affect any primary endpoint. In Phase I, the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with FS was unaffected by dosing with MNP or weekly administration; but participants taking IHAT more frequently reported abdominal pain (27%, p < 0.008) and nausea (4%, p = 0.009) than those taking FS, while those taking ASP more frequently reported nausea (8%, p = 0.009). Surprisingly, only 9% of participants taking IHAT at 120 mg Fe/day (Phase II) reported abdominal pain and no other group reported that symptom. Discussion With respect to the primary endpoints, few differences were found when comparing these forms of iron, indicating that 28 days of 60 or 120 mg/day of IHAT, ASP, or FS may be safe for healthy, iron-replete adults. With respect to other endpoints, subjects receiving IHAT more frequently reported abdominal pain and nausea, suggesting the need for further study. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03212677; registered: 11 July 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D. Lewis
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edwin F. Ortega
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Carlota Dao
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joel B. Mason
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John M. Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marcia S. Osburne
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Loranne Magoun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Felix J. Nepveux V
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Athar H. Chishti
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher Schwake
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anh Quynh
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cheryl H. Gilhooly
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gayle Petty
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Weimin Guo
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory Matuszek
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dora Pereira
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Manju Reddy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jifan Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dayong Wu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simin N. Meydani
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gerald F. Combs
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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Minerdi D, Loqui D, Sabbatini P. Monooxygenases and Antibiotic Resistance: A Focus on Carbapenems. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1316. [PMID: 37887026 PMCID: PMC10604202 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbapenems are a group of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics that in many cases are the last effective defense against infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as some strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Resistance to carbapenems has emerged and is beginning to spread, becoming an ongoing public-health problem of global dimensions, causing serious outbreaks, and dramatically limiting treatment options. This paper reviews the role of flavin monooxygenases in antibiotic resistance, with a specific focus on carbapenem resistance and the recently discovered mechanism mediated by Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases. Flavin monooxygenases are enzymes involved in the metabolism and detoxification of compounds, including antibiotics. Understanding their role in antibiotic resistance is crucial. Carbapenems are powerful antibiotics used to treat severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the rise of carbapenem-resistant strains poses a significant challenge. This paper explores the mechanisms by which flavin monooxygenases confer resistance to carbapenems, examining molecular pathways and genetic factors. Additionally, this paper highlights the discovery of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases' involvement in antibiotic resistance. These enzymes catalyze the insertion of oxygen atoms into specific chemical bonds. Recent studies have revealed their unexpected role in promoting carbapenem resistance. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, this paper contributes to the understanding of the interplay between flavin monooxygenases, carbapenem resistance, and Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases. By exploring these mechanisms, it aims to inform the development of strategies to combat antibiotic resistance, a critical global health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Minerdi
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
| | - Davide Loqui
- Emergency Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza of Turin, 10100 Turin, TO, Italy;
| | - Paolo Sabbatini
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
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72
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Gautam D, Dolma KG, Khandelwal B, Goyal RK, Mitsuwan W, Pereira MDLG, Klangbud WK, Gupta M, Wilairatana P, Siyadatpanah A, Wiart C, Nissapatorn V. Acinetobacter baumannii in suspected bacterial infections: Association between multidrug resistance, virulence genes, & biofilm production. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:439-446. [PMID: 38006347 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3470_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a nosocomial pathogen with a tendency of high antibiotic resistance and biofilm production. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of A. baumannii from different clinical specimens of suspected bacterial infections and furthermore to see the association of biofilm production with multidrug resistance and expression of virulence factor genes in A. baumannii. METHODS A. baumannii was confirmed in clinical specimens by the detection of the blaOXA-51-like gene. Biofilm production was tested by microtitre plate assay and virulence genes were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS A. baumannii was isolated from a total of 307 clinical specimens. The isolate which showed the highest number of A. baumannii was an endotracheal tube specimen (44.95%), then sputum (19.54%), followed by pus (17.26%), urine (7.49%) and blood (5.86%), and <2 per cent from body fluids, catheter-tips and urogenital specimens. A resistance rate of 70-81.43 per cent against all antibiotics tested, except colistin and tigecycline, was noted, and 242 (78.82%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Biofilm was detected in 205 (66.78%) with a distribution of 54.1 per cent weak, 10.42 per cent medium and 2.28 per cent strong biofilms. 71.07 per cent of MDR isolates produce biofilm (P<0.05). Amongst virulence factor genes, 281 (91.53%) outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and 98 (31.92%) biofilm-associated protein (Bap) were detected. Amongst 100 carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, the blaOXA-23-like gene was predominant (96%), the blaOXA-58-like gene (6%) and none harboured the blaOXA-24-like gene. The metallo-β-lactamase genes blaIMP-1 (4%) and blaVIM-1(8%) were detected, and 76 per cent showed the insertion sequence ISAba1. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS The majority of isolates studied were from lower respiratory tract specimens. The high MDR rate and its positive association with biofilm formation indicate the nosocomial distribution of A. baumannii. The biofilm formation and the presence of Bap were not interrelated, indicating that biofilm formation was not regulated by a single factor. The MDR rate and the presence of OmpA and Bap showed a positive association (P<0.05). The isolates co-harbouring different carbapenem resistance genes were the predominant biofilm producers, which will seriously limit the therapeutic options suggesting the need for strict antimicrobial stewardship and molecular surveillance in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepan Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Karma Gurmey Dolma
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Bidita Khandelwal
- Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- Research Centre of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil, Walailak University, Thailand
| | | | - Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Department of Paramedical, Ferdows School of Paramedical & Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Christophe Wiart
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Kracalik I, Kent AG, Villa CH, Gable P, Annambhotla P, McAllister G, Yokoe D, Langelier CR, Oakeson K, Noble-Wang J, Illoh O, Halpin AL, Eder AF, Basavaraju SV. Posttransfusion Sepsis Attributable to Bacterial Contamination in Platelet Collection Set Manufacturing Facility, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1979-1989. [PMID: 37561399 PMCID: PMC10521617 DOI: 10.3201/eid2910.230869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
During May 2018‒December 2022, we reviewed transfusion-transmitted sepsis cases in the United States attributable to polymicrobial contaminated apheresis platelet components, including Acinetobacter calcoaceticus‒baumannii complex or Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolated from patients and components. Transfused platelet components underwent bacterial risk control strategies (primary culture, pathogen reduction or primary culture, and secondary rapid test) before transfusion. Environmental samples were collected from a platelet collection set manufacturing facility. Seven sepsis cases from 6 platelet donations from 6 different donors were identified in patients from 6 states; 3 patients died. Cultures identified Acinetobacter calcoaceticus‒baumannii complex in 6 patients and 6 transfused platelets, S. saprophyticus in 4 patients and 4 transfused platelets. Whole-genome sequencing showed environmental isolates from the manufacturer were closely related genetically to patient and platelet isolates, indicating the manufacturer was the most probable source of recurrent polymicrobial contamination. Clinicians should maintain awareness of possible transfusion-transmitted sepsis even when using bacterial risk control strategies.
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Raees F, Harun A, Ahmed A, Deris ZZ. Potential Usefulness of Bacteriophages for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Infection. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:7-22. [PMID: 37928784 PMCID: PMC10624448 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages were discovered in early 20th century. However, the interest in bacteriophage research was reduced with the discovery of antibiotics. With the increasing number of infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, the potential usefulness of bacteriophages as therapeutic agents has been re-evaluated. In this review, we found that more than 30 lytic bacteriophages that infect Acinetobacter species have been characterised. These are mainly members of Caudovirales, with genome sizes ranging from 31 kb to 234 kb and G+C contents ranging from 33.5% to 45.5%. The host range can be as low as < 10% of all tested Acinetobacter strains. Fourteen published murine trials indicated positive outcomes in bacteriophage-treated groups. Only two case reports were pertaining to the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of Acinetobacter infections in humans; in both cases, the infections were resolved with bacteriophage therapy. The use of bacteriophages has been associated with reduced Acinetobacter burden in the environment, as shown in two studies. The major limitation of bacteriophage therapy is its highly selective host strain. In conclusion, the potential usefulness of bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of MDR Acinetobacter species has been documented only in limited studies and more research is needed prior to its extensive use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Raees
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Umm al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Azian Harun
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdalla Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Umm al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakuan Zainy Deris
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Cross AS. Hit 'em Where It Hurts: Gram-Negative Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide as a Vaccine Target. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2023; 87:e0004522. [PMID: 37432116 PMCID: PMC10521362 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00045-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria pose an increasing threat to the ability to perform surgical procedures, organ transplantation, and treat cancer among many other medical conditions. There are few new antimicrobials in the development pipeline. Vaccines against AMR Gram-negative bacteria may reduce the use of antimicrobials and prevent bacterial transmission. This review traces the origins of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-based vaccines against Gram-negative bacteria, the role of O polysaccharides and LPS core regions as potential vaccine targets, the development of new vaccine technologies, and their application to vaccines in current development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S. Cross
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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76
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Wei Y, Zhang S, Guan G, Wan Z, Wang R, Li P, Liu Y, Wang J, Jiao G, Wang H, Sun C. A specific and rapid method for detecting Bacillus and Acinetobacter species in Daqu. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1261563. [PMID: 37818237 PMCID: PMC10561003 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1261563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Daqu is a spontaneous, solid-state cereal fermentation product used for saccharification and as a starter culture for Chinese Baijiu production. Bacillus and Acinetobacter, two dominant microbial genera in Daqu, produce enzymes and organic acids that influence the Daqu quality. However, there are no rapid analytical methods for detecting Bacillus and Acinetobacter. We designed primers specific to the genera Bacillus and Acinetobacter to perform genetic comparisons using the 16 S rRNA. After amplification of polymerase chain reaction using specific primers, high-throughput sequencing was performed to detect strains of Bacillus and Acinetobacter. The results showed that the effective amplification rates for Bacillus and Acinetobacter in Daqu were 86.92% and 79.75%, respectively. Thus, we have devised and assessed a method to accurately identify the species associated with Bacillus and Acinetobacter in Daqu, which can also hold significance for bacterial typing and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guikun Guan
- Lanling Meijiu Co., Ltd., Lanling, Shandong, China
| | - Ziran Wan
- Lanling Meijiu Co., Ltd., Lanling, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Piwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Lanling Meijiu Co., Ltd., Lanling, Shandong, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Moreno-Manjón J, Castillo-Ramírez S, Jolley KA, Maiden MCJ, Gayosso-Vázquez C, Fernández-Vázquez JL, Mateo-Estrada V, Giono-Cerezo S, Alcántar-Curiel MD. Acinetobacter baumannii IC2 and IC5 Isolates with Co-Existing blaOXA-143-like and blaOXA-72 and Exhibiting Strong Biofilm Formation in a Mexican Hospital. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2316. [PMID: 37764160 PMCID: PMC10536109 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and outbreaks. Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and virulence factors allow it to survive and spread in the hospital environment. However, the molecular mechanisms of these traits and their association with international clones are frequently unknown in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we analyze the phenotype and genotype of seventy-six HAIs and outbreak-causing A. baumannii isolates from a Mexican hospital over ten years, with special attention to the carbapenem resistome and biofilm formation. The isolates belonged to the global international clone (IC) 2 and the Latin America endemic IC5 and were predominantly extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Oxacillinases were identified as a common source of carbapenem resistance. We noted the presence of the blaOXA-143-like family (not previously described in Mexico), the blaOXA-72 and the blaOXA-398 found in both ICs. A low prevalence of efflux pump overexpression activity associated with carbapenem resistance was observed. Finally, strong biofilm formation was found, and significant biofilm-related genes were identified, including bfmRS, csuA/BABCDE, pgaABCD and ompA. This study provides a comprehensive profile of the carbapenem resistome of A. baumannii isolates belonging to the same pulse type, along with their significant biofilm formation capacity. Furthermore, it contributes to a better understanding of their role in the recurrence of infection and the endemicity of these isolates in a Mexican hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Moreno-Manjón
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínica, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (J.M.-M.); (C.G.-V.); (J.L.F.-V.)
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Médica, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11350, Mexico
| | - Santiago Castillo-Ramírez
- Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (S.C.-R.); (V.M.-E.)
| | - Keith A. Jolley
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK; (K.A.J.); (M.C.J.M.)
| | - Martin C. J. Maiden
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK; (K.A.J.); (M.C.J.M.)
| | - Catalina Gayosso-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínica, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (J.M.-M.); (C.G.-V.); (J.L.F.-V.)
| | - José Luis Fernández-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínica, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (J.M.-M.); (C.G.-V.); (J.L.F.-V.)
| | - Valeria Mateo-Estrada
- Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (S.C.-R.); (V.M.-E.)
| | - Silvia Giono-Cerezo
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Médica, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11350, Mexico
| | - María Dolores Alcántar-Curiel
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínica, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (J.M.-M.); (C.G.-V.); (J.L.F.-V.)
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Deng YP, Fu YT, Yao C, Shao R, Zhang XL, Duan DY, Liu GH. Emerging bacterial infectious diseases/pathogens vectored by human lice. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 55:102630. [PMID: 37567429 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Human lice have always been a major public health concern due to their vector capacity for louse-borne infectious diseases, like trench fever, louse-borne relapsing fever, and epidemic fever, which are caused by Bartonella quintana, Borrelia recurrentis, and Rickettsia prowazekii, respectively. Those diseases are currently re-emerging in the regions of poor hygiene, social poverty, or wars with life-threatening consequences. These louse-borne diseases have also caused outbreaks among populations in jails and refugee camps. In addition, antibodies and DNAs to those pathogens have been steadily detected in homeless populations. Importantly, more bacterial pathogens have been detected in human lice, and some have been transmitted by human lice in laboratories. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and update on louse-borne infectious diseases/bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ping Deng
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi-Tian Fu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chaoqun Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
| | - Renfu Shao
- Centre for Bioinnovation, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Xue-Ling Zhang
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - De-Yong Duan
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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79
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Bustamante V, Palavecino CE. Effect of photodynamic therapy on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A scoping review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103709. [PMID: 37459942 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, non-fermenting coccobacillus of the Moraxellaceae family. It is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for several hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) associated with skin and tissue infections at surgical sites, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and central line catheters. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii has caused hospital outbreaks that are difficult to eradicate and represent one of the leading producers of HAIs. MDR-A. baumannii presents a broad range of resistance to different antimicrobials, including carbapenems. Due to the low sensitivity to conventional antibiotic therapies, it is necessary to identify other therapeutic options. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising alternative and complementary approach to address the shortage of antimicrobials in MDR-A. baumannii. APDT combines a photosensitizer agent, light, and oxygen to achieve a bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect. The effect is given by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that produce photooxidative stress over bacterial structures, such as the envelope and the DNA. METHODS This study aims to systematically collect bibliographic information from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and google scholar to analyze the relevant articles critically. RESULTS An increasing body of evidence demonstrates the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation in eliminating A. baumannii strains, both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The evidence supports that photodynamic inactivation is an alternative capable of eliminating strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and may considerably improve the treatment of MDR strains. Although they do exist, aPDT studies on MDR strains of A. baumannii are scarce and should increase since it is on these strains that photodynamic therapy becomes attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bustamante
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546 Santiago. Chile
| | - Christian Erick Palavecino
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546 Santiago. Chile.
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80
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Li Y, Liu L, Xiao C, Sun B, Luo S, Yang D, Zhang X, Huang T, Yu Z, Li X. Outer membrane protein A of Acinetobacter baumannii regulates pulmonary inflammation through the TLR2-NF-κB pathway. Vet Microbiol 2023; 284:109812. [PMID: 37343456 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is characterized by a high prevalence of drug resistance; how to effectively treat it is still a major clinical challenge. Our previous experiments confirmed that ompA, which is one of the most well-characterized virulence factors, may be dependent on the caspase-1 pathway-stimulated expression of NLRP3 inflammasome to enhance inflammation. TLRs (i.e., TLR2, etc.) is the initiating signal for NLRP3 inflammasome activation; how it relates to ompA in its underlying pathogenic mechanism is not clear. In this study, we proofed that ompA promoted NLRP3 inflammasome activation while the TLR2-NF-κB pathway was also activated after A. baumannii infection. Additionally, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins and genes was inhibited by silencing TLR2 and NLRP3. This indicated that ompA might depend on the TLR2-NF-κB pathway to assemble and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. OmpA promoted the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome through the TLR2-NF-κB pathway and inhibited the degradation of caspase-1 by the proteasome so that a large number of mature IL-1β/IL-18 and other proinflammatory factors were released extracellularly to enhance the body's inflammatory response. Taken together, the results of the joint pre-study confirmed a novel TLR2-NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1-modulated mechanism underpinning ompA activity, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway may be as a potential immunomodulatory target against A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Laibing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Chaolun Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Baofei Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Shipeng Luo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital,Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Zijiang Yu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University/ Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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81
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Flynn CE, Guarner J. Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100249. [PMID: 37353202 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The burden of emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the United States is significant and even greater worldwide. Mitigation efforts have decreased the incidence and deaths from antimicrobial-resistant organisms in the United States. Yet more than 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur every year and more than 35,000 patients die as a result. Infection prevention and control, data tracking, antimicrobial stewardship, vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, and sanitation are all required to decrease AMR threats. In 2019, in the second version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report on antibiotic-resistant threats, the agency categorized AMR threats as urgent, serious, concerning, or to be watched. This review will discuss the following aspects of each bacterium in the CDC report: estimated numbers of cases and deaths, identify the better known and impactful mechanisms of resistance, diagnostic testing and its limitations, and current and possible future therapies. This review also presents anatomical pathology case examples that highlight the altered morphology of antibiotic partially treated bacteria in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia E Flynn
- Department of Pathology, Christiana Care, Wilmington, Delaware.
| | - Jeannette Guarner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Tian C, Song J, Ren L, Huang D, Wang S, Fu L, Zhao Y, Bai Y, Fan X, Ma T, Ying J. Complete genetic characterization of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter johnsonii, co-producing NDM-1, OXA-58, and PER-1 in a patient source. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1227063. [PMID: 37692162 PMCID: PMC10486904 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1227063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter spp. has been widely reported and become a global threat. However, carbapenem-resistant A. johnsonii strains are relatively rare and without comprehensive genetic structure analysis, especially for isolates collected from human specimen. Here, one A. johnsonii AYTCM strain, co-producing NDM-1, OXA-58, and PER-1 enzymes, was isolated from sputum in China in 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that it was resistant to meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis revealed that it possessed 11 plasmids. bla OXA-58 and bla PER-1 genes were located in the pAYTCM-1 plasmid. Especially, a complex class 1 integron consisted of a 5' conserved segment (5' CS) and 3' CS, which was found to carry sul1, arr-3, qnrVC6, and bla PER-1 cassettes. Moreover, the bla NDM-1 gene was located in 41,087 conjugative plasmids and was quite stable even after 70 passages under antibiotics-free conditions. In addition, six prophage regions were identified. Tracking of closely related plasmids in the public database showed that pAYTCM-1 was similar to pXBB1-9, pOXA23_010062, pOXA58_010030, and pAcsw19-2 plasmids, which were collected from the strains of sewage in China. Concerning the pAYTCM-3 plasmids, results showed that strains were collected from different sources and their hosts were isolated from various countries, such as China, USA, Japan, Brazil, and Mexico, suggesting that a wide spread occurred all over the world. In conclusion, early surveillance is warranted to avoid the extensive spread of this high-risk clone in the healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongmei Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianqin Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Linping District Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Delian Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Liping Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Xueyu Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Tianhong Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Urology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
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Ghafoori SM, Abdollahpour S, Shirmast P, Forwood JK. Crystallographic structure determination and analysis of a potential short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) from multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289992. [PMID: 37616198 PMCID: PMC10449147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance remains an ever-increasing worldwide problem, requiring new approaches and enzyme targets. Acinetobacter baumannii is recognised as one of the most significant antibiotic-resistant bacteria, capable of carrying up to 45 different resistance genes, and new drug discovery targets for this organism is an urgent priority. Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes are a large protein family with >60,000 members involved in numerous biosynthesis pathways. Here, we determined the structure of an SDR protein from A. baumannii and assessed the putative co-factor comparisons with previously co-crystalised enzymes and cofactors. This study provides a basis for future studies to examine these potential co-factors in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Ghafoori
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Soha Abdollahpour
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Paniz Shirmast
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jade K. Forwood
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, Wagga, NSW, Australia
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Riddles T, Judge D. Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:419. [PMID: 37624357 PMCID: PMC10458713 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8080419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study on bacteraemic cases of CAAP over twenty years (2000-2019) in North Queensland. Cases were selected on microbiologic, clinical, and radiographic parameters. Data on patient demographics were obtained, along with microbial, antibiotic, mortality and climatic data. RESULTS 28 cases of CAAP were included. Nineteen (67.9%) were male, twenty-three (82.1%) were Indigenous Australians, and the mean age was 45.9 years. Most presentations were of moderate to severe pneumonia (25/28 (89.3%)). Furthermore, 90% of cases had two or more risk factors. The strongest risk factors for CAAP were alcohol excess and tobacco use. No statistically significant difference in presenting severity, ICU admission or mortality was seen between dry- and wet-season disease. Dry-season disease accounted for 35.7% of cases. Overall mortality was 28.6%. Early use of meropenem or gentamicin reduced mortality irrespective of presenting severity (mortality 17.6%) Non-targeted antibiotic therapy was associated with a non-significant difference in mortality of 44.4%. CONCLUSIONS Early administration of targeted antibiotics can mitigate a high mortality rate. The choice of antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia should be based on severity, risk factors and clinical suspicion of CAAP rather than seasonality.
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Sheck E, Romanov A, Shapovalova V, Shaidullina E, Martinovich A, Ivanchik N, Mikotina A, Skleenova E, Oloviannikov V, Azizov I, Vityazeva V, Lavrinenko A, Kozlov R, Edelstein M. Acinetobacter Non- baumannii Species: Occurrence in Infections in Hospitalized Patients, Identification, and Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1301. [PMID: 37627721 PMCID: PMC10451542 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter species other than A. baumannii are becoming increasingly more important as opportunistic pathogens for humans. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, species distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and carbapenemase gene content of clinical Acinetobacter non-baumannii (Anb) isolates that were collected as part of a sentinel surveillance program of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients. The secondary aim was to evaluate the performance of MALDI-TOF MS systems for the species-level identification of Anb isolates. METHODS Clinical bacterial isolates were collected from multiple sites across Russia and Kazakhstan in 2016-2022. Species identification was performed by means of MALDI-TOF MS, with the Autobio and Bruker systems used in parallel. The PCR detection of the species-specific blaOXA-51-like gene was used as a means of differentiating A. baumannii from Anb species, and the partial sequencing of the rpoB gene was used as a reference method for Anb species identification. The susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics (amikacin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, sulbactam, tigecycline, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) was determined using the broth microdilution method. The presence of the most common in Acinetobacter-acquired carbapenemase genes (blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24/40-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaNDM, blaIMP, and blaVIM) was assessed using real-time PCR. RESULTS In total, 234 isolates were identified as belonging to 14 Anb species. These comprised 6.2% of Acinetobacter spp. and 0.7% of all bacterial isolates from the observations. Among the Anb species, the most abundant were A. pittii (42.7%), A. nosocomialis (13.7%), the A. calcoaceticus/oleivorans group (9.0%), A. bereziniae (7.7%), and A. geminorum (6.0%). Notably, two environmental species, A. oleivorans and A. courvalinii, were found for the first time in the clinical samples of patients with urinary tract infections. The prevalence of resistance to different antibiotics in Anb species varied from <4% (meropenem and colistin) to 11.2% (gentamicin). Most isolates were susceptible to all antibiotics; however, sporadic isolates of A. bereziniae, A. johnsonii, A. nosocomialis, A. oleivorans, A. pittii, and A. ursingii were resistant to carbapenems. A. bereziniae was more frequently resistant to sulbactam, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tigecycline than the other species. Four (1.7%) isolates of A. bereziniae, A. johnsonii, A. pittii were found to carry carbapenemase genes (blaOXA-58-like and blaNDM, either alone or in combination). The overall accuracy rates of the species-level identification of Anb isolates with the Autobio and Bruker systems were 80.8% and 88.5%, with misidentifications occurring in 5 and 3 species, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important new insights into the methods of identification, occurrence, species distribution, and antibiotic resistance traits of clinical Anb isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Sheck
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Andrey Romanov
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Valeria Shapovalova
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Elvira Shaidullina
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Alexey Martinovich
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Natali Ivanchik
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Anna Mikotina
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Elena Skleenova
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Vladimir Oloviannikov
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Ilya Azizov
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Vera Vityazeva
- Republican Children’s Hospital, 185000 Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, Russia
| | - Alyona Lavrinenko
- Shared Resource Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, 100008 Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Roman Kozlov
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Mikhail Edelstein
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, 214019 Smolensk, Russia; (E.S.); (I.A.)
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Cogliati Dezza F, Covino S, Petrucci F, Sacco F, Viscido A, Gavaruzzi F, Ceccarelli G, Raponi G, Borrazzo C, Alessandri F, Mastroianni CM, Venditti M, Oliva A. Risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bloodstream infections and related mortality in critically ill patients with CRAB colonization. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2023; 5:dlad096. [PMID: 37577156 PMCID: PMC10412853 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlad096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Among MDR bacteria, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a major concern due to the limited therapeutic options. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a worrying increase in the spread of CRAB infections was reported. Objectives The study assessed the risk factors for CRAB bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients admitted to the ICU with CRAB colonization, and the related mortality risk factors. Methods We conducted a single-centre, observational, prospective study; all consecutive patients with CRAB colonization admitted to the ICU of a tertiary hospital in Rome from January 2021 to September 2022 were included in the study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate BSI and mortality risk factors. Results Overall, 129 patients were included in the study; 57 (44%) out of these developed BSI. In our study population, at the multivariable analysis the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (P = 0.026), COVID-19 (P < 0.001), multisite colonization (P = 0.016) and the need for mechanical ventilation (P = 0.024) were risk factors independently associated with BSI development. Furthermore, age (P = 0.026), CCI (P < 0.001), septic shock (P = 0.001) and Pitt score (P < 0.001) were independently associated with mortality in the BSI patients. Instead, early appropriate therapy (P = 0.002) and clinical improvement within 72 h (P = 0.011) were shown to be protective factors. Conclusions In critically ill patients colonized by CRAB, higher CCI, multisite colonization and the need for mechanical ventilation were identified as risk factors for BSI onset. These predictors could be useful to identify patients at highest risk of BSI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Covino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Petrucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sacco
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Viscido
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gavaruzzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Raponi
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristian Borrazzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandri
- Department of General and Specialistic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Venditti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zafer MM, Hussein AFA, Al-Agamy MH, Radwan HH, Hamed SM. Retained colistin susceptibility in clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates with multiple mutations in pmrCAB and lpxACD operons. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1229473. [PMID: 37600939 PMCID: PMC10436201 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1229473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive increase in the resistance rates to first- and second-line antibiotics has forced the reuse of colistin as last-line treatment for Acinetobacter baumannii infections, but the emergence of colistin-resistant strains is not uncommon. This has been long linked to acquired chromosomal mutations in the operons pmrCAB and lpxACD. Hence, such mutations are routinely screened in colistin-resistant strains by most studies. The current study was designed to explore the possible existence of pmrCAB and lpxACD mutations in colistin-susceptible isolates. For this purpose, the whole genome sequences of eighteen multi-/extensively drug resistant A. baumannii were generated by Illumina sequencing and screened for missense mutations of the operons pmrCAB and lpxACD. Most of the isolates belonged to global clones (GCs) including GC1 (n=2), GC2 (n=7), GC7 (n=2), GC9 (n=3), and GC11 (n=1). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of colistin were determined by the broth microdilution assay. Seventeen isolates were fully susceptible to colistin with MICs ranging from (≤0.125 to 0.5 µg/ml). Interestingly, all colistin-susceptible isolates carried missense mutations in pmrCAB and lpxACD operons with reference to A. baumannii ATCC 19606. Overall, 34 mutations were found. Most substitutions were detected in pmrC (n=20) while no mutations were found in pmrA or lpxA. Notably, the mutation pattern of the two operons was almost conserved among the isolates that belonged to the same sequence type (ST) or GC. This was also confirmed by expanding the analysis to include A. baumannii genomes deposited in public databases. Here, we demonstrated the possible existence of missense mutations in pmrCAB and lpxACD operons in colistin-susceptible isolates, shedding light on the importance of interpreting mutations with reference to colistin-susceptible isolates of the same ST/GC to avoid the misleading impact of the ST/GC-related polymorphism. In turn, this may lead to misinterpretation of mutations and, hence, overlooking the real players in colistin resistance that are yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Zafer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira F. A. Hussein
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Applied Health Science, Galala University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Al-Agamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham H. Radwan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samira M. Hamed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
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Zheng H, Zhong B, Wang Q, Li X, Chen J, Liu L, Liu T. ZnO-Doped Metal-Organic Frameworks Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12238. [PMID: 37569611 PMCID: PMC10418459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) offer new ideas for the design of antibacterial materials because of their antibacterial properties, high porosity and specific surface area, low toxicity and good biocompatibility compared with other nanomaterials. Herein, a novel antimicrobial nanomaterial, MIL-101(Fe)@ZnO, has been synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, ICP-OES, XRD, SEM, EDS and BET to show that the zinc ions are doped into the crystal lattice of MIL-101(Fe) to form a Fe-Zn bimetallic structure. MIL-101(Fe)@ZnO was found to be effective against a wide range of antibacterial materials including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter junii and Staphylococcus epidermidis. It has a significant antibacterial effect, weak cytotoxicity, high safety performance and good biocompatibility. Meanwhile, MIL-101(Fe)@ZnO was able to achieve antibacterial effects by causing cells to produce ROS, disrupting the cell membrane structure, and causing protein leakage and lipid preoxidation mechanisms. In conclusion, MIL-101(Fe)@ZnO is an easy-to-prepare antimicrobial nanomaterial with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China; (H.Z.); (B.Z.); (Q.W.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (L.L.)
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Jeannot K, Gaillot S, Triponney P, Portets S, Pourchet V, Fournier D, Potron A. Performance of the Disc Diffusion Method, MTS Gradient Tests and Two Commercially Available Microdilution Tests for the Determination of Cefiderocol Susceptibility in Acinetobacter spp. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1971. [PMID: 37630529 PMCID: PMC10458114 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cefiderocol is a siderophore-conjugated cephalosporin with potent activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens including Acinetobacter baumannii. The aim of this study was to evaluate cefiderocol testing methods on a relevant collection of 97 Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Commercialized broth microdilution methods (ComASP®, Liofilchem and UMIC®, Bruker), MIC test strips (Liofilchem) and disc diffusion using discs of three different brands (Mast Diagnostic, Liofilchem and Oxoid-Thermo Fisher Scientific) were compared with the broth microdilution reference method. None of the methods tested fulfilled acceptable criteria (essential agreement [EA] ≥ 90%; bias = ±30%) but both BMD methods achieved acceptable categorical agreement rates (CA = 95.9% [93/97, 95% CI 89.9-98.4] and CA = 93.8% [91/97, 95% CI 87.2-97.1] for ComASP® and UMIC®, respectively) and bias < 30% (-7.2% and -25.2% for ComASP® and UMIC®, respectively). The use of MIC gradient testing is strongly discouraged due to misclassification of 55% (n = 23/42) of resistant strains. Finally, the disc diffusion method could be used to rapidly screen for susceptible strains by setting a critical diameter of 22 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Jeannot
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- CNRS, UMR 6249, Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Susie Gaillot
- CNRS, UMR 6249, Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Pauline Triponney
- Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Sylvain Portets
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Valentin Pourchet
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Damien Fournier
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Anaïs Potron
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire Associé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- CNRS, UMR 6249, Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
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90
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Rodvold KA, Bader J, Bruss JB, Hamed K. Pharmacokinetics of SPR206 in Plasma, Pulmonary Epithelial Lining Fluid, and Alveolar Macrophages following Intravenous Administration to Healthy Adult Subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0042623. [PMID: 37338378 PMCID: PMC10353446 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00426-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
SPR206 is a next-generation polymyxin being developed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections. This Phase 1 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) study was conducted to evaluate SPR206's safety and pharmacokinetics in plasma, pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and alveolar macrophages (AM) in healthy volunteers. Subjects received a 100 mg intravenous (IV) dose of SPR206 infused over 1 h every 8 h for 3 consecutive doses. Each subject underwent 1 bronchoscopy with BAL at 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8 h after the start of the third IV infusion. SPR206 concentrations in plasma, BAL, and cell pellet were measured with a validated LC-MS/MS assay. Thirty-four subjects completed the study and 30 completed bronchoscopies. Mean SPR206 peak concentrations (Cmax) in plasma, ELF, and AM were 4395.0, 735.5, and 860.6 ng/mL, respectively. Mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-8) for SPR206 in plasma, ELF, and AM was 20120.7, 4859.8, and 6026.4 ng*h/mL, respectively. The mean ELF to unbound plasma concentration ratio was 0.264, and mean AM to unbound plasma concentration ratio was 0.328. Mean SPR206 concentrations in ELF achieved lung exposures above the MIC for target Gram-negative pathogens for the entire 8-h dosing interval. Overall, SPR206 was well tolerated; 22 subjects (64.7%) reported at least 1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). Of the 40 reported TEAEs, 34 (85.0%) were reported as mild in severity. The most frequent TEAEs were oral paresthesia (10 subjects [29.4%]) and nausea (2 subjects [5.9%]). This study demonstrates pulmonary penetration of SPR206 and supports further development of SPR206 for the treatment of patients with serious infections caused by MDR Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin Bader
- Spero Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jon B. Bruss
- Spero Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kamal Hamed
- Spero Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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91
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Al-Rashed N, Bindayna KM, Shahid M, Saeed NK, Darwish A, Joji RM, Al-Mahmeed A. Prevalence of Carbapenemases in Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from the Kingdom of Bahrain. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1198. [PMID: 37508294 PMCID: PMC10376280 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is regarded as a significant cause of death in hospitals. The WHO recently added carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) to its global pathogen priority list. There is a dearth of information on CRAB from our region. METHODS Fifty CRAB isolates were collected from four main hospitals in Bahrain for this study. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out using the BD PhoenixTM and VITEK-2 compact, respectively. Using conventional PCR, these isolates were further screened for carbapenem resistance markers (blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-40, blaIMP, blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaKPC). RESULTS All of the isolates were resistant to imipenem (100%), meropenem (98%), and cephalosporins (96-98%), followed by other commonly used antibiotics. All these isolates were least resistant to gentamicin (64%). The detection of resistance determinants showed that the majority harbored blaOXA-51 (100%) and blaIMP (94%), followed by blaOXA-23 (82%), blaOXA-24 (46%), blaOXA-40 (14%), blaNDM (6%), blaVIM (2%), and blaKPC (2%). CONCLUSION The study isolates showed a high level of antibiotic resistance. Class D carbapenemases were more prevalent in our CRAB isolate collection. The resistance genes were found in various combinations. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening surveillance and stringent infection control measures in clinical settings to prevent the emergence and further spread of such isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Al-Rashed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Khalid M Bindayna
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology Section, Al- Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama P.O. Box 12, Bahrain
| | - Abdullah Darwish
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology Section, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa P.O. Box 28743, Bahrain
| | - Ronni Mol Joji
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Ali Al-Mahmeed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
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92
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Breine A, Van Holsbeeck K, Martin C, Gonzalez S, Mannes M, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Remaut H, Ballet S, Van der Henst C. Bypassing the Need for Cell Permeabilization: Nanobody CDR3 Peptide Improves Binding on Living Bacteria. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 37418494 PMCID: PMC10360062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Membrane interaction constitutes to be an essential parameter in the mode of action of entities such as proteins, as well as cell-penetrating and antimicrobial peptides, resulting in noninvasive or lytic activities depending on the membrane compositions and interactions. Recently, a nanobody able to interact with the top priority, multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii was discovered, although binding took place with fixed cells only. To potentially overcome this limitation, linear peptides corresponding to the complementarity-determining regions (CDR) were synthesized and fluorescently labeled. Microscopy data indicated clear membrane interactions of the CDR3 sequence with living A. baumannii cells, indicating both the importance of the CDR3 as part of the parent nanobody paratope and the improved binding ability and thus avoiding the need for permeabilization of the cells. In addition, cyclization of the peptide with an additionally introduced rigidifying 1,2,3-triazole bridge retains its binding ability while proteolytically protecting the peptide. Overall, this study resulted in the discovery of novel peptides binding a multidrug-resistant pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Breine
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Van Holsbeeck
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Martin
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Gonzalez
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy-Paris Université, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France
| | - M Mannes
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Pardon
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Steyaert
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Remaut
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural and Molecular Microbiology, Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Van der Henst
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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93
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Iruegas R, Pfefferle K, Göttig S, Averhoff B, Ebersberger I. Feature architecture aware phylogenetic profiling indicates a functional diversification of type IVa pili in the nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010646. [PMID: 37498819 PMCID: PMC10374093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of hospital-acquired opportunistic infections. The increasing spread of pan-drug resistant strains makes A. baumannii top-ranking among the ESKAPE pathogens for which novel routes of treatment are urgently needed. Comparative genomics approaches have successfully identified genetic changes coinciding with the emergence of pathogenicity in Acinetobacter. Genes that are prevalent both in pathogenic and a-pathogenic Acinetobacter species were not considered ignoring that virulence factors may emerge by the modification of evolutionarily old and widespread proteins. Here, we increased the resolution of comparative genomics analyses to also include lineage-specific changes in protein feature architectures. Using type IVa pili (T4aP) as an example, we show that three pilus components, among them the pilus tip adhesin ComC, vary in their Pfam domain annotation within the genus Acinetobacter. In most pathogenic Acinetobacter isolates, ComC displays a von Willebrand Factor type A domain harboring a finger-like protrusion, and we provide experimental evidence that this finger conveys virulence-related functions in A. baumannii. All three genes are part of an evolutionary cassette, which has been replaced at least twice during A. baumannii diversification. The resulting strain-specific differences in T4aP layout suggests differences in the way how individual strains interact with their host. Our study underpins the hypothesis that A. baumannii uses T4aP for host infection as it was shown previously for other pathogens. It also indicates that many more functional complexes may exist whose precise functions have been adjusted by modifying individual components on the domain level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Iruegas
- Applied Bioinformatics Group, Inst of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina Pfefferle
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Göttig
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Beate Averhoff
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Applied Bioinformatics Group, Inst of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (S-BIK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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94
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Neto S, Vieira A, Oliveira H, Espiña B. Assessing Acinetobacter baumannii virulence and treatment with a bacteriophage using zebrafish embryos. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23013. [PMID: 37289094 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300385r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is the leading bacteria causative of nosocomial infections, with high fatality rates, mostly due to their multi-resistance to antibiotics. The capsular polysaccharide (k-type) is a major virulence factor. Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria and have been used to control drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. In particular, A. baumannii phages can recognize specific capsules, from a diversity of >125 that exist. This high specificity demands the in vivo identification of the most virulent A. baumannii k-types that need to be targeted by phage therapy. Currently, the zebrafish embryo has particularly attained interest for in vivo infection modeling. In this study, an A. baumannii infection was successfully established, through the bath immersion of tail-injured zebrafish embryos, to study the virulence of eight capsule types (K1, K2, K9, K32, K38, K44, K45, and K67). The model revealed itself as capable of discerning the most virulent (K2, K9, K32, and K45), middle (K1, K38, and K67), and the less virulent (K44) strains. Additionally, the infection of the most virulent strains was controlled in vivo resorting to the same technique, with previously identified phages (K2, K9, K32, and K45 phages). Phage treatments were able to increase the average survival from 35.2% to up to 74.1% (K32 strain). All the phages performed equally well. Collectively, the results show the potential of the model to not only evaluate virulence of bacteria such as A. baumannii but also assess novel treatments' effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Neto
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
- CEB-Center of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Hugo Oliveira
- CEB-Center of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Begoña Espiña
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
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95
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Adler A, Ghosh H, Gross A, Rechavi A, Lasnoy M, Assous MV, Geffen Y, Darawsha B, Wiener-Well Y, Alony A, Grundmann H, Reuter S. Clinical and molecular features of NDM-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in a multicenter study in Israel. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:52. [PMID: 37391819 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NDM-producing Acinetobacter baumannii (NDMAb) were reported sporadically worldwide but little is known about the transmission, epidemiology and clinical features of NDMAb-infected patients. The goals of this study were to characterize (1) the epidemiology and clinical features of NDMAb-infected patients; (2) the microbiological and molecular features of NDMAb isolates and (3) the transmission networks of NDMAb within healthcare facilities. METHODS The study was conducted at the Tel-Aviv Sourasky, Rambam and Sha'are-Zedek Medical centers (TASMC, RMC and SZMC, respectively) in Israel. All cases detected between January 2018 and July 2019 were included. Phylogenetic analysis was based on core genome SNP distances. Clonal transmission was defined according to molecular (≤ 5 SNP) and epidemiological criteria (overlapping hospital stay). NDMAb cases were compared at a ratio of 1:2 with non-NDM carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAb) cases. RESULTS The study included 54 NDMAb-positive out of 857 CRAb patients, including 6/179 (3.3%) in TASMC, 18/441 (4.0%) in SZMC and 30/237 (12.6%) in RMC. Patients infected by NDMAb had similar clinical features and risk factors as patients with non-NDM CRAb. The length-of-stay was higher in NDMAb cases (48.5 days vs. 36 days, respectively, p = 0.097) and the in-hospital mortality was similarly high in both groups. Most isolates (41/54, 76%) were first detected from surveillance culture. The majority of isolates harbored the blaNDM-2 gene allele (n = 33), followed by the blaNDM-1 (n = 20) allele and the blaNDM-4 allele (n = 1). The majority of isolates were related within the ST level to other isolates in SZMC and RMC: 17/18 and 27/30 isolates, respectfully. The common ST's were the blaNDM-1 harboring ST-2 (n = 3) and ST-107 (n = 8) in SZMC and the blaNDM-2 harboring ST-103 in SZMC (n = 6) and in RMC (n = 27). All blaNDM alleles were located within a conserved mobile genetic environment flanked by the ISAb125 and IS91 family transposon. Clonal transmission was identified in most hospital-acquired cases in RMC and SZMC. CONCLUSION NDMAb constitutes a minor part of CRAb cases and are clinically similar to non-NDM CRAb. Transmission of NDMAb occurs mostly by clonal spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Adler
- Clinical Microbiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Hiren Ghosh
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Gross
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Michal Lasnoy
- Clinical Microbiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marc V Assous
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Yonit Wiener-Well
- Infectious disease unit, Sha'are Zedek Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Anat Alony
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hajo Grundmann
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Reuter
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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96
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Junaid M, Thirapanmethee K, Khuntayaporn P, Chomnawang MT. CRISPR-Based Gene Editing in Acinetobacter baumannii to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:920. [PMID: 37513832 PMCID: PMC10384873 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the health, social, environment, and economic sectors on a global scale and requires serious attention to addressing this issue. Acinetobacter baumannii was given top priority among infectious bacteria because of its extensive resistance to nearly all antibiotic classes and treatment options. Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii is classified as one of the critical-priority pathogens on the World Health Organization (WHO) priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for effective drug development. Although available genetic manipulation approaches are successful in A. baumannii laboratory strains, they are limited when employed on newly acquired clinical strains since such strains have higher levels of AMR than those used to select them for genetic manipulation. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) system has emerged as one of the most effective, efficient, and precise methods of genome editing and offers target-specific gene editing of AMR genes in a specific bacterial strain. CRISPR-based genome editing has been successfully applied in various bacterial strains to combat AMR; however, this strategy has not yet been extensively explored in A. baumannii. This review provides detailed insight into the progress, current scenario, and future potential of CRISPR-Cas usage for AMR-related gene manipulation in A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Krit Thirapanmethee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Piyatip Khuntayaporn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mullika Traidej Chomnawang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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97
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Cavallo I, Oliva A, Pages R, Sivori F, Truglio M, Fabrizio G, Pasqua M, Pimpinelli F, Di Domenico EG. Acinetobacter baumannii in the critically ill: complex infections get complicated. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196774. [PMID: 37425994 PMCID: PMC10325864 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is increasingly associated with various epidemics, representing a serious concern due to the broad level of antimicrobial resistance and clinical manifestations. During the last decades, A. baumannii has emerged as a major pathogen in vulnerable and critically ill patients. Bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract, and skin and soft tissue infections are the most common presentations of A. baumannii, with attributable mortality rates approaching 35%. Carbapenems have been considered the first choice to treat A. baumannii infections. However, due to the widespread prevalence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB), colistin represents the main therapeutic option, while the role of the new siderophore cephalosporin cefiderocol still needs to be ascertained. Furthermore, high clinical failure rates have been reported for colistin monotherapy when used to treat CRAB infections. Thus, the most effective antibiotic combination remains disputed. In addition to its ability to develop antibiotic resistance, A. baumannii is also known to form biofilm on medical devices, including central venous catheters or endotracheal tubes. Thus, the worrisome spread of biofilm-producing strains in multidrug-resistant populations of A. baumannii poses a significant treatment challenge. This review provides an updated account of antimicrobial resistance patterns and biofilm-mediated tolerance in A. baumannii infections with a special focus on fragile and critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rebecca Pages
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Truglio
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fabrizio
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pasqua
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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98
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Roshini J, Patro LPP, Sundaresan S, Rathinavelan T. Structural diversity among Acinetobacter baumannii K-antigens and its implication in the in silico serotyping. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191542. [PMID: 37415807 PMCID: PMC10320297 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen. It exhibits multi-, extreme-, and pan-drug resistance against several classes of antibiotics. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS or K-antigen) is one of the major virulence factors which aids A. baumannii in evading the host immune system. K-antigens of A. baumannii exploit the Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway that involves 13 different proteins for its assembly and transport onto the outer membrane. A total of 64 (out of 237 K-locus(KL) types) known K-antigen sugar repeating structures are discussed here and are classified into seven groups based on their initial sugars, QuiNAc4NAc, GalNAc, GlcNAc, Gal, QuiNAc/FucNAc, FucNAc, and GlcNAc along with Leg5Ac7Ac/Leg5Ac7R. Thus, the corresponding seven initializing glycosyltransferases (ItrA1, ItrA2, ItrA3, ItrA4, ItrB1, ItrB3, and ItrA3 along with ItrB2) exhibit serotype specificity. The modeled 3D-structural repository of the 64 K-antigens can be accessed at https://project.iith.ac.in/ABSD/k_antigen.html. The topology of K-antigens further reveals the presence of 2-6 and 0-4 sugar monomers in the main and side chains, respectively. The presence of negatively (predominant) or neutrally charged K-antigens is observed in A. baumannii. Such diversity in the K-antigen sugar composition provides the K-typing specificity (viz., 18-69% in terms of reliability) for Wza, Wzb, Wzc, Wzx, and Wzy proteins involved in the Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway. Interestingly, the degree of uniqueness of these proteins among different K-types is estimated to be 76.79%, considering the 237 reference sequences. This article summarizes the A. baumannii K-antigen structural diversity and creation of a K-antigen digital repository and provides a systematic analysis of the K-antigen assembly and transportation marker proteins.
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Zhou Y, Du J, Wu JQ, Zhu QR, Xie MZ, Chen LY, Liu YQ, Li W, Zhou TF, Lu QB. Impact of influenza virus infection on lung microbiome in adults with severe pneumonia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:43. [PMID: 37264437 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial and viral infections are commonly implicated in the development of pneumonia. We aimed to compare the diversity and composition of lung bacteria among severe pneumonia patients who were influenza virus positive (IFVP) and influenza virus negative (IFVN). METHODS Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens were procured from patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia to investigate the microbiome utilizing 16S-rDNA sequencing. The alpha diversity of the microbiome was evaluated employing Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indexes, while the beta diversity was assessed using principal component analysis and principal coordinate analysis. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was employed to determine the taxonomic differences between the IFVP and IFVN groups. RESULTS A total of 84 patients with 42 in the IFVP group and 42 in the IFVN group were enrolled. Slightly higher indexes of Shannon and Simpson were observed in the IFVP group without statistically significant difference. The dominant bacterial genera were Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Escherichia-Shigella in the IFVN group and Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus in the IFVP group. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most abundant species in the IFVN and IFVP groups, respectively. LEfSe analysis indicated a greater abundance of Klebsiella in the IFVN group. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with severe pneumonia infected with IFV exhibit heightened susceptibility to certain bacteria, especially Acinetobacter baumannii, and the underlying mechanism of the interaction between IFV and Acinetobacter baumannii in the progression of pneumonia needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Zhou
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Qin Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-Rong Zhu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhu Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Yi Chen
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qiong Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lanling People's Hospital, No. 12 Tashan Road, Lanying County, Linyi, 277799, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting-Fa Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, No. 27 Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Zaidi SEZ, Zaheer R, Thomas K, Abeysekara S, Haight T, Saville L, Stuart-Edwards M, Zovoilis A, McAllister TA. Genomic Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria from Beef Cattle Feedlots. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:960. [PMID: 37370279 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenems are considered a last resort for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections in humans. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in feedlots in Alberta, Canada. The presumptive carbapenem-resistant isolates (n = 116) recovered after ertapenem enrichment were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 12 different antibiotics, including four carbapenems. Of these, 72% of the isolates (n = 84) showed resistance to ertapenem, while 27% of the isolates (n = 31) were resistant to at least one other carbapenem, with all except one isolate being resistant to at least two other drug classes. Of these 31 isolates, 90% were carbapenemase positive, while a subset of 36 ertapenem-only resistant isolates were carbapenemase negative. The positive isolates belonged to three genera; Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Stenotrophomonas, with the majority being Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 20) as identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Whole genome sequencing identified intrinsic carbapenem resistance genes, including blaOXA-50 and its variants (P. aeruginosa), blaOXA-265 (A. haemolyticus), blaOXA-648 (A. lwoffii), blaOXA-278 (A. junii), and blaL1 and blaL2 (S. maltophilia). The acquired carbapenem resistance gene (blaPST-2) was identified in P. saudiphocaensis and P. stutzeri. In a comparative genomic analysis, clinical P. aeruginosa clustered separately from those recovered from bovine feces. In conclusion, despite the use of selective enrichment methods, finding carbapenem-resistant bacteria within a feedlot environment was a rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sani-E-Zehra Zaidi
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Rahat Zaheer
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Krysty Thomas
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Sujeema Abeysekara
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Travis Haight
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Luke Saville
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuart-Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Athanasios Zovoilis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Tim A McAllister
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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