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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Santella RM, Islam T, Eunus M, Alam N, Islam T, Rahman M, Ahmed A, Ahsan H, Graziano J, Parvez F. An increase in circulating B cells and B cell activation markers in peripheral blood is associated with cigarette smoking in a male cohort in Bangladesh. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 384:114783. [PMID: 31669812 PMCID: PMC6886671 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In a cohort of approximately 200 Bangladeshi men, equally divided into smokers and non-smokers and equally divided by exposure to high and low levels of drinking water arsenic, we examined ex vivo a series of immune markers and immune function tests in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These immune parameters included PBMC cell surface markers (CSM) for B, T, monocytes, and NK cells, activated T and B cell markers, cytokine production in vitro, and analysis of CD4 subsets (Th1, Th2, Treg, and Th17 cells). We found that the effects of cigarette smoke were quite different than those associated with arsenic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts. Cigarette smoking was associated with a significant increase in the number of PAH-DNA adducts as well as an increase in urinary levels of 1-hydropxypyrene (1-OHP). After correcting for arsenic exposure and PAH-DNA adducts, we found that cigarette smoking was associated with an increase in the percentage of CD19+ B cells, as well as the percentage of activated B cells (CD19+, HLA-DRbright cells) found in PBMC. These findings demonstrate activation of the immune system during chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, which is a known risk factor for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Burchiel
- The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America.
| | - Fredine T Lauer
- The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Nur Alam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mizanour Rahman
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Alauddin Ahmed
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
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Tobacco smoking is an independent factor associated with retinal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional and retrospective study. Rheumatol Int 2019; 40:367-374. [PMID: 31773393 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the influence of tobacco smoking on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinical features and damage. Cross-sectional and retrospective, case-control study comparing SLE patients with and without tobacco exposure. Cumulative clinical data and comorbidities were collected, and severity (Katz index) and damage (SLICC/ACR damage index) (SDI) indices were calculated. Pack-years (PY) was used to estimate lifetime tobacco exposure. A logistic regression was carried out to explore the impact of tobacco use on retinal damage. 216 patients were included. The mean age was 49 years (± 12.7), 93% were females, and median disease duration was 17 years [interquartile range (IQR):9-25]. Fifty-three percent of patients were smokers at some point. The median PY was 13 (IQR: 6-20.5). Only 54.8% of active smokers recalled having been informed of the negative effects of smoking, versus 83.3% of never smokers (< 0.001). In a bivariant analysis, an association between tobacco use at any time and discoid lupus [OR: 3.5(95%CI 1.5-8.9); p = 0.002] photosensitivity [OR: 2.06(95%CI 1.16-3.7); p = 0.01] and peripheral arteriopathy (p = 0.007) was found. Considering SDI item by item, a significant association with retinal damage, adjusted for age [OR: 1.03(95%CI 1-1.07); p = 0.04], was found. Using PYs, an association was found with discoid lupus (p = 0.01), photosensitivity (p = 0.03) and peripheral arteriopathy (p = 0.01), global SDI > 0 (p = 0.002) and retinal damage (p = 0.02). In a multivariate analysis exploring factors associated with retinal damage, any previous smoking history and SDI remained associated with retinal damage. Tobacco smoking is associated with cutaneous manifestations and damage and is an independent predictor of retinal damage in SLE patients.
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Parisis D, Bernier C, Chasset F, Arnaud L. Impact of tobacco smoking upon disease risk, activity and therapeutic response in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:102393. [PMID: 31520802 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease with variable presentations, course and prognosis. Published studies present conflicting data regarding the impact of cigarette smoking on SLE risk, disease activity, clinical manifestations and treatment response. We performed a comprehensive literature search using Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Collaboration database, and hand searches of relevant bibliographies. All original studies investigating the relationship between smoking and SLE were included in TABALUP. Two investigators systematically extracted data from the relevant studies. When possible, meta-analyses were performed. The meta-analysis of 9 case-controls studies show an increased risk of SLE in current-smokers compared to never-smokers (OR: 1.49 [95%CI: 1.06-2.08]), while former-smokers were not at increased risk of SLE. Data on passive smoking remains scarce and controversial. Pooled analysis studies did not find an over-risk of anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm or anti-SSA positivity according to smoking status. Tobacco smoking significantly reduced the therapeutic effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in cutaneous lesions (pooled OR 0.53; 95%CI: 0.305-0.927) and belimumab in systemic manifestations (HR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02-0.43). In addition to its usual adverse effects, cigarette smoking is a risk factor of SLE and negatively influences the course of the disease and its treatment. We believe that smoking cessation should be one of the main target of physicians treating SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Parisis
- Service de rhumatologie et de médecine physique, CUB Erasme (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlie Bernier
- Service de rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Systémiques Rares Est Sud-Ouest (RESO), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Chasset
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté de médecine sorbonne université, ap-hp, Service de dermatologie et allergologie, Hôpital tenon, F-75020 Paris, france
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Service de rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Systémiques Rares Est Sud-Ouest (RESO), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Abstract
Autoantibodies (AA) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) serve as key diagnostic and classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). More than 200 different AA have been reported in SLE, although only a handful (<20) are considered "mainstream" because they are widely and routinely used in diagnostic, research and clinical medicine. Although the vast majority of AA have been relegated to the diminished status of "orphan" AA, some serve as predictors of SLE because they first appear in very early or subclinical SLE. Some AA are pathogenic, whereas others are thought to protect against or ameliorate disease progression and, hence, taken together can be used as predictive biomarkers of prognosis. Although studies have shown that specific AA are detected in the preclinical phase of SLE and are biomarkers of increased risk of developing the disease, AA are currently not widely used to predict very early SLE in individuals who have low pretest probability of disease. With the advent of multianalyte arrays with analytic algorithms, emerging evidence indicates that when certain combinations of biomarkers, such as the interferon signature and stem cell factor accompany AA and ANA, the predictive power for SLE is markedly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Choi
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Hu X, Liu H, Du J, Chen Y, Yang M, Xie Y, Chen J, Yan S, Ouyang S, Gong Z. The clinical significance of plasma CFHR 1-5 in lupus nephropathy. Immunobiology 2019; 224:339-346. [PMID: 30975435 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A deficiency of complement factor H may lead to excessive consumption of C3 and an increase in C3b deposition, which are important pathological characteristics of lupus nephritis. Complement factor H-related proteins (CFHRs), comprising CFHR1 to CFHR5 (CFHR1-5), are members of the wider factor H/CFHR family. Their role in lupus nephritis remains unclear. In this study, we compared circulating levels of CFHR1-5 in 152 patients diagnosed with lupus nephritis and 20 unrelated healthy individuals to explore the relationship between the expression of CFHR1-5 and development of the disease. We found that plasma levels of CFHR3 and CFHR5 were higher in patients with lupus nephritis than in healthy individuals; also, CFHR3 and CFHR5 concentrations increased with increasing systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) values (P < 0.05). Pearson's and Spearman's correlation test results confirmed that plasma CFHR3 and CFHR5 levels in lupus nephritis patients were positively correlated with proteinuria and levels of creatinine (Cr) and anti-dsDNA (correlation coefficients = 0.491-0.717, P < 0.05), while they were negatively correlated with plasma C3 levels and eGFR [correlation coefficients = -(0.706-0.788), P < 0.05]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis results confirmed that plasma CFHR3 and CFHR5 levels were predictive of SLEDAI values and disease end points (area under the curve = 0.664-0.884, P < 0.05), with patients with both high CFHR3 and high CFHR5 exhibiting the shortest progression-free survival. Thus, both CFHR3 and CFHR5 are of prognostic value in lupus nephritis status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hengdao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 410013, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Zhu Zhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou Hunan 412007, China
| | - Yuhong Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, China
| | - Siyuan Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, China
| | - Shaxi Ouyang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, China.
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Lockshin MD, Barbhaiya M, Izmirly P, Buyon JP, Crow MK. SLE: reconciling heterogeneity. Lupus Sci Med 2019; 6:e000280. [PMID: 31080630 PMCID: PMC6485210 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2018-000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Lockshin
- Barbara Volcker Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Medha Barbhaiya
- Barbara Volcker Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Peter Izmirly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jill P Buyon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mary K Crow
- Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
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Servioli L, Maciel G, Nannini C, Crowson CS, Matteson EL, Cornec D, Berti A. Association of Smoking and Obesity on the Risk of Developing Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Population-based Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:727-730. [PMID: 30647188 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of smoking and obesity in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). METHODS Olmsted County (Minnesota, USA) residents (n = 106) diagnosed with pSS from 2000 to 2015 were compared to 3 controls without pSS and matched for age and sex who were randomly selected from Olmsted County residents. RESULTS Current smokers were less likely to be pSS cases (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.85), while there was no association between former smoking and case/control status (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.80-2.03) compared to never smokers. Smoking status was not associated with antinuclear antibody, anti-SSA, anti-SSB, or rheumatoid factor positivity (p > 0.05). OR for obesity was 0.79 (95% CI 0.48-1.30). CONCLUSION In this population-based study, current smoking was inversely associated with case/control status, while body mass index lacked any association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Servioli
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
| | - Gabriel Maciel
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
| | - Carlotta Nannini
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
| | - Cynthia S Crowson
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
| | - Eric L Matteson
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy. .,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital.
| | - Divi Cornec
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
| | - Alvise Berti
- From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, and Division of Epidemiology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.,L. Servioli, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Autoimmune diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; G. Maciel, MD, Autoimmune Diseases Department, Medical Clinic 1, Hospital Maciel; C. Nannini, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Prato; C.S. Crowson, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; E.L. Matteson, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science; D. Cornec, MD, PhD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and Rheumatology Department, Brest Teaching Hospital; A. Berti, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, and the Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital
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Gergianaki I, Tsiligianni I. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatic diseases: A systematic review on a neglected comorbidity. JOURNAL OF COMORBIDITY 2019; 9:2235042X18820209. [PMID: 31309081 PMCID: PMC6612910 DOI: 10.1177/2235042x18820209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although, both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and rheumatic diseases (RDs) are common, and each has significant impact on patients’ overall health/quality of life, their co-occurrence has received little attention, while 15% of COPD remains undiagnosed in RDs. Objective: To update the information regarding the comorbid state of RD/COPD (prevalence, incidence), to examine whether patients with RD have increased risk of developing COPD and vice versa, and what implications this comorbidity has on patients’ outcomes (mortality, hospitalizations, exacerbations). Methods: We performed a systematic literature review regarding the comorbidity of an RD (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren syndrome disease (pSS), and systemic sclerosis (SSc)) with COPD. From 2803 reports retrieved, 33 articles were further screened. Finally, 27 articles were included. Results: Robust evidence supports that COPD develops up to 68% more frequently in patients with RA, as compared to the general population. Similarly, COPD is increased in every other RD that was studied. Further, self-referred arthritis is more common in COPD patients versus non-COPD controls and a predictor of worst self-rated health status. Patients with inflammatory arthritis/COPD have increased mortality (threefold in RA-COPD, irrespectively of which is first diagnosed), hospitalizations, and emergency visits. Conclusion: COPD is more common in patients with RA, AS, PsA, SLE, pSS, and SSc; yet, the association, vice versa, warrants further investigation. Nevertheless, COPD/RDs coexistence has significant prognostic value for worst outcomes; therefore, awareness is required to track early identification, especially in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Gergianaki
- Health Planning Unit, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tsiligianni
- Health Planning Unit, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete Heraklion, Greece
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59
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Gergianaki I, Fanouriakis A, Adamichou C, Spyrou G, Mihalopoulos N, Kazadzis S, Chatzi L, Sidiropoulos P, Boumpas DT, Bertsias G. Is systemic lupus erythematosus different in urban versus rural living environment? Data from the Cretan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance Registry. Lupus 2018; 28:104-113. [PMID: 30522399 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318816820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examining urban-rural differences can provide insights into susceptibility or modifying factors of complex diseases, yet limited data exist on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). OBJECTIVE To study SLE risk, manifestations and severity in relation to urban versus rural residence. METHODOLOGY Cross-sectional analysis of the Crete Lupus Registry. Demographics, residency history and clinical data were obtained from interviews and medical records ( N=399 patients). Patients with exclusively urban, rural or mixed urban/rural residence up to enrolment were compared. RESULTS The risk of SLE in urban versus rural areas was 2.08 (95% confidence interval: 1.66-2.61). Compared with rural, urban residence was associated with earlier (by almost seven years) disease diagnosis - despite comparable diagnostic delay - and lower female predominance (6.8:1 versus 15:1). Rural patients had fewer years of education and lower employment rates. Smoking was more frequent among urban, whereas pesticide use was increased among rural patients. A pattern of malar rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers and arthritis was more prevalent in rural patients. Residence was not associated with organ damage although moderate/severe disease occurred more frequently among rural-living patients (multivariable adjusted odds ratio: 2.17, p=0.011). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the living environment may influence the risk, gender bias and phenotype of SLE, not fully accounted for by sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gergianaki
- 1 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology-Biotechnology, FORTH, Iraklio, Greece
| | - A Fanouriakis
- 3 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, 4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - C Adamichou
- 1 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece
| | - G Spyrou
- 1 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece
| | - N Mihalopoulos
- 4 Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Greece.,5 Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Athens, Greece
| | - S Kazadzis
- 5 Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Athens, Greece.,6 Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Centre (PMOD/WRC), Davos, Switzerland
| | - L Chatzi
- 7 Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece.,8 Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.,9 Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - P Sidiropoulos
- 1 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology-Biotechnology, FORTH, Iraklio, Greece
| | - D T Boumpas
- 2 Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology-Biotechnology, FORTH, Iraklio, Greece.,3 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, 4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,10 Joint Rheumatology Programme, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,11 University of Cyprus, Medical School, Nikosia, Cyprus.,12 Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Bertsias
- 1 Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece.,2 Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology-Biotechnology, FORTH, Iraklio, Greece
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60
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Dejaco C, Putrik P, Unger J, Aletaha D, Bianchi G, Bijlsma JW, Boonen A, Cikes N, Finckh A, Gossec L, Kvien TK, Madruga Dias J, Matteson EL, Sivera F, Stamm TA, Szekanecz Z, Wiek D, Zink A, Ramiro S, Buttgereit F. EULAR 'points to consider' for the conduction of workforce requirement studies in rheumatology. RMD Open 2018; 4:e000780. [PMID: 30714579 PMCID: PMC6336096 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current methods used for forecasting workforce requirements in rheumatology are disparate, as are the parameters incorporated into workforce projection studies. The objective of these European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR points to consider (PTC) is to guide future workforce studies in adult rheumatology in order to produce valid and reliable manpower estimates. METHODS The EULAR Standardised Operating Procedures were followed. A multidisciplinary task force with experts including patients with rheumatic diseases from 11 EULAR countries and the USA was assembled. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to retrieve workforce models in rheumatology and other medical fields. PTC were based on expert opinion informed by the SLR, followed by group discussions with consensus obtained through informal voting. The level of agreement with the PTC was voted anonymously. RESULTS A total of 10 PTC were formulated. The task force recommends models integrating supply (=workforce available in rheumatology), demand (=health services requested by the population) and need (=health services that are considered appropriate to serve the population). In general, projections of workforce requirements should consider all factors relevant for current and future workload in rheumatology inside and outside of direct patient care. Forecasts of workforce supply should consider demography and attrition of rheumatologists, as well as the effects of new developments in healthcare. Predictions of future need/demand should take demographic, sociocultural and epidemiological development of the population into account. CONCLUSION These EULAR-endorsed PTC will provide guidance on the methodology and the parameters to be applied in future national and international workforce requirement studies in rheumatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dejaco
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Bruneck, Bruneck, Italy
| | - Polina Putrik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Unger
- Department of Health Studies, FH JOANNEUM, University of Applied Sciences, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerolamo Bianchi
- Division of Rheumatology, ASL3-Azienda Sanitaria Genovese, Genova, Italy
| | - Johannes W Bijlsma
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies Boonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nada Cikes
- Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Axel Finckh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialities, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laure Gossec
- Rheumatology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Tore K Kvien
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joao Madruga Dias
- Department of Rheumatology, Centro Hospitalar Médio Tejo, Torres Novas, Portugal
| | - Eric L Matteson
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, United States
| | - Francisca Sivera
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario de Elda, Elda, Spain
| | - Tanja A Stamm
- Section for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoltan Szekanecz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dieter Wiek
- EULAR Standing Committee of PARE, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Zink
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitè University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sofia Ramiro
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Buttgereit
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitè University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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61
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Roberts AL, Kubzansky LD, Malspeis S, Feldman CH, Costenbader KH. Association of Depression With Risk of Incident Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Women Assessed Across 2 Decades. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:1225-1233. [PMID: 30208373 PMCID: PMC6583686 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It has long been hypothesized that depression may increase the risk of developing autoimmune disease; however, rigorous empirical evidence is sparse. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether an association exists between depression and risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a paradigmatic, systemic autoimmune disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This 20-year prospective, longitudinal cohort study evaluated data collected from 2 cohorts of women participating in the Nurses' Health Study (1996-2012) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1993-2013). Data analyses were conducted from August 2017 to May 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident SLE with 4 or more American College of Rheumatology criteria was ascertained by self-report and confirmed by medical record review. Depression was assessed repeatedly throughout follow-up according to whether women reported having received a clinician's diagnosis of depression, regular antidepressant use, or a score of less than 60 on the 5-item Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5). Whether longitudinally assessed health risk factors (eg, cigarette smoking, body mass index, oral contraceptive use, menopause or postmenopausal hormone use, alcohol use, exercise, or diet) accounted for increased SLE risk among women with vs without depression was examined. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate risk of SLE. In addition, the association of depression lagged by 4 years, and depression status at baseline with incident SLE throughout follow-up was assessed. RESULTS Data from 194 483 women (28-93 years of age; 93% white) were included. During 20 years of follow-up, 145 cases of SLE occurred. Compared with women with no depression, women with a history of depression had a subsequent increased risk of SLE (HR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.91-3.75; P < .001). Adjustment for body mass index, cigarette smoking, and oral contraception and postmenopausal hormone use slightly attenuated associations (adjusted HR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.74-3.45; P < .001). The SLE risk was elevated with each of the 3 following depression indicators modeled separately: clinician's diagnosis of depression (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.29-3.71), antidepressant use (HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.94-4.05), and MHI-5 scores indicating depressed mood (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.18-2.44). Associations remained strong when depression status was lagged by 4 years with respect to the outcome (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.32-3.00) and when depression status at baseline was used as the exposure (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.54-3.37). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study contributes to increasing evidence that depression may be associated with increased risk of SLE and suggests that the association is not fully explained by measured health factors or behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L. Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Malspeis
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Candace H. Feldman
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Gergianaki I, Bortoluzzi A, Bertsias G. Update on the epidemiology, risk factors, and disease outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2018; 32:188-205. [PMID: 30527426 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining an updated view of the epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is pivotal to our understanding of the disease burden. Recent community-based studies with comprehensive methodology provided more accurate disease occurrence estimates and suggested that SLE may be more frequent than previously thought. Gender, race, and socioeconomic status are important disease determinants, and there is increasing appreciation of the contribution of family history and environmental exposures in SLE susceptibility. Owing to its systemic nature, assessment of disease activity is challenging, also pertaining to efforts to improve trial endpoints for better discrimination between active drug and placebo. Notably, emerging evidence supports that remission or low disease activity states and prevention of flares are realistic targets in the management of SLE associated with improved prognosis. For the future, we anticipate that high-throughput analyses in patient cohorts will enhance the identification of robust biomarkers for diagnosis, risk stratification, and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Gergianaki
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece
| | | | - George Bertsias
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.
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63
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Lanata CM, Chung SA, Criswell LA. DNA methylation 101: what is important to know about DNA methylation and its role in SLE risk and disease heterogeneity. Lupus Sci Med 2018; 5:e000285. [PMID: 30094041 PMCID: PMC6069928 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2018-000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SLE is a complex autoimmune disease that results from the interplay of genetics, epigenetics and environmental exposures. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression and tissue differentiation. Among all the epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation perturbations have been the most widely studied in SLE. It mediates processes relevant to SLE, including lymphocyte development, X-chromosome inactivation and the suppression of endogenous retroviruses. The establishment of most DNA methylation marks occurs in utero; however, a small percentage of epigenetic marks are dynamic and can change throughout a person’s lifetime and in relation to exposures. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the biology of DNA methylation and its regulators, the measurement and interpretation of methylation marks, the effects of genetics on DNA methylation and the role of environmental exposures with relevance to SLE. We also summarise research findings associated with SLE disease risk and heterogeneity. The robust finding of hypomethylation of interferon-responsive genes in patients with SLE and new associations beyond interferon-responsive genes such as cell-specific methylation abnormalities are described. We also discuss methylation changes associated with lupus nephritis, autoantibody status and disease activity. Lastly, we explore future research directions, emphasising the need for longitudinal studies, cell tissue and context-specific profiling, as well as integrative approaches. With new technologies, DNA methylation perturbations could be targeted and edited, offering novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Lanata
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sharon A Chung
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lindsey A Criswell
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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64
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Gergianaki I, Bertsias G. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Primary Care: An Update and Practical Messages for the General Practitioner. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:161. [PMID: 29896474 PMCID: PMC5986957 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex chronic autoimmune disease that manifests a wide range of organ involvement. Traditionally, the diagnosis and management of SLE is provided at secondary and tertiary centers to ensure prompt initiation of treatment, adequate control of flares and prevention of irreversible organ damage. Notwithstanding, the role of primary care in SLE is also emerging as there are still significant unmet needs such as the diagnostic delay at the community level and the high burden of therapy- and disease-related comorbidities. In the present review, we summarize practical messages for primary care physicians and general practitioners (GPs) concerning early diagnosis and proper referral of patients with SLE. In addition, we discuss the main comorbidities complicating the disease course and the recommended preventative measures, and we also provide an update on the role and current educational needs of GPs regarding the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Gergianaki
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Faculty of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Faculty of Medicine, Iraklio, Greece
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65
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Speyer CB, Costenbader KH. Cigarette smoking and the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:481-487. [PMID: 29724134 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1473035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system inflammatory autoimmune disease of incompletely understood etiology. It is thought that environmental exposures 'trigger' or accelerate the disease in genetically-predisposed individuals. Areas covered: Substantial epidemiological evidence exists to support the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of incident SLE. Recent evidence points to current smoking as the specific risk factor, with decreasing risk 5 years after smoking cessation, and the greatest risk for disease characterized by the presence of SLE-specific autoantibodies. Research has begun to search for possible explanations for the temporal nature of the relationship between current smoking and autoantibody positive-SLE. Here we review potential biologic mechanisms linking smoking and SLE risk, including effects upon T and B cells, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and the formation of short-lived DNA adducts. Expert commentary: The directions for future research in this field include studies of gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, metabolomics and putative biologic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron B Speyer
- a Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy , Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Karen H Costenbader
- a Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy , Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
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Anaya JM, Leon KJ, Rojas M, Rodriguez Y, Pacheco Y, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Monsalve DM, Ramirez-Santana C. Progress towards precision medicine for lupus: the role of genetic biomarkers. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2018.1448266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Kelly J. Leon
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Rojas
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yhojan Rodriguez
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yovana Pacheco
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yeny Acosta-Ampudia
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana M. Monsalve
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Ramirez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Kim Y, Shim SC. Wolves Trapped in the NETs–The Pathogenesis of Lupus Nephritis. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2018.25.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Kim
- Division of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Veterans Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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