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Laragione T, Harris C, Gulko PS. TRPV2 suppresses Rac1 and RhoA activation and invasion in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:268-273. [PMID: 30851707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The TRPV2 cation channel has been recently implicated in the regulation of arthritis severity, joint damage, and in the invasive behavior of the fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS). However, its mechanism of action was unknown. In this study we characterize the cell signaling events mediating the TRPV2 suppressive activity in FLS invasiveness. Studies with FLS cell lines derived from patients with RA revealed that TRPV2-specific stimulation significantly reduced FLS adhesion to different extracellular matrices that shared binding to αν, β1 and β3 integrins. Localization of these integrins to the plasma membrane and numbers of thick and organized actin filaments were diminished by TRPV2 specific stimulation, and cells developed a round and non-polarized morphology. TRPV2 stimulation significantly reduced levels of activated RhoA, Rac1 and cofilin. RhoA activators were able to overcome the TRPV2-induced suppression on both RhoA activation and invasion. These new discoveries suggest that TRPV2 regulates key intracellular processes implicated in cell invasion in arthritis and other processes such as cancer, and has the potential to become a useful target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresina Laragione
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carolyn Harris
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Percio S Gulko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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52
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Malemud CJ. Inhibition of MMPs and ADAM/ADAMTS. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:33-40. [PMID: 30826330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motif (ADAMTS) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that play a critical role in the destruction of extracellular matrix proteins and, the shedding of membrane-bound receptor molecules in various forms of arthritis and other diseases. Under normal conditions, MMP, ADAM and ADAMTS gene expression aids in the maintenance of homeostasis. However, in inflamed synovial joints characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. MMP, ADAM and ADAMTS production is greatly increased under the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Analyses based on medicinal chemistry strategies designed to directly inhibit the activity of MMPs have been largely unsuccessful when these MMP inhibitors were employed in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This is despite the fact that these MMP inhibitors were largely able to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MMP production in vitro. A focus on ADAM and ADAMTS inhibitors has also been pursued. Thus, recent progress has identified the "sheddase" activity of ADAMs as a viable target and the development of GW280264X is an experimental ADAM17 inhibitor. Of note, a monoclonal antibody, GLPG1972, developed as an ADAMTS-5 inhibitor, entered a Phase I OA clinical trial. However, the failure of many of these previously developed inhibitors to move beyond the preclinical testing phase has required that novel strategies be developed that are designed to suppress both MMP, ADAM and ADAMTS production and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Malemud
- Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Foley Medical Building, 2061 Cornell Road, Room 207, Cleveland, OH 44106-5076, United States.
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53
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Yao Y, Yu H, Liu Y, Xu Q, Li X, Meng X, Huang C, Li J. PSTPIP2 Inhibits the Inflammatory Response and Proliferation of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1432. [PMID: 30564127 PMCID: PMC6289071 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and its pathogenesis remains unclear. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA. Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 2 (PSTPIP2) is an adaptor protein, which is associated with auto-inflammatory disease. In this study, we selected adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) as animal model to study the role of PSTPIP2 in FLSs. We found that the expression of PSTPIP2 was significantly down-regulated in synovial tissues and FLSs of AIA rat compared with normal group. And overexpression of PSTPIP2 could inhibit the proliferation and inflammatory response of FLSs. Moreover, the proliferation and inflammatory response of FLSs were promoted with PSTPIP2 silencing treatment. In terms of mechanism, we found that the expression of PSTPIP2 was closely related to NF-κB signaling pathway. Overall, our results suggested that PSTPIP2 inhibits the proliferation and inflammatory response of FLSs, which might be closely related to NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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54
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Jeon MG, Cheon YH, Lim HS, Yi SM, Suh YS, Kim HO, Hah YS, Park KH, Noh HS, Lee SI. Suppressive Effects of TSAHC in an Experimental Mouse Model and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2018; 40:1825-1835. [PMID: 28819701 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of TSAHC [4'-(p-toluenesulfonylamido)-4-hydroxychalcone] in K/BxN serum transfer arthritis model and fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS). In in vivo experiments, TSAHC attenuated the incidence and severity of arthritis in comparison with the vehicle group. Histological findings showed that TSAHC decreased the inflammation, bone erosion, cartilage damage, and osteoclasts activity in the ankle. Furthermore, we confirmed by biochemical analysis that the observations were associated with the decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and RANKL in serum and ankle. In in vitro experiments, TSAHC induced apoptosis, while it significantly suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell proliferation in RA-FLS. Moreover, TSAHC inhibited mRNA expression of TNF-α-induced interleukin (IL)-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13. Evaluation of signaling events showed that TSAHC inhibited the translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) by regulating phosphorylated-IκB-α (p-IκB-α) and IκB-α in TNF-α-induced RA-FLS. Our results suggest that TSAHC inhibits experimental arthritis in mice and suppresses TNF-α-induced RA-FLS activities via NF-κB pathway. Therefore, TSAHC may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gyu Jeon
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hong Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Song Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Yi
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Clinical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University Jinju, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sook Noh
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, JinJu, 660-702, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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55
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Xu S, Xiao Y, Zeng S, Zou Y, Qiu Q, Huang M, Zhan Z, Liang L, Yang X, Xu H. Piperlongumine inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:233-243. [PMID: 29119225 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have indicated that piperlongumine (PLM) may exert anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we determined the effect of PLM on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (referred to herein as RA FLS). We further explored the mechanisms by which the studied compound inhibits the functions of RA FLS. METHODS RA FLS viability and apoptosis were tested using MTT and Annexin V/PI assays, respectively. We performed an EDU assay to examine the proliferation of RA FLS. The migration and invasion of these cells were measured using a transwell chamber method and wound closure assay. The MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 levels in the culture supernatants of RA FLS were detected using a Luminex Assay kit. The intracellular ROS levels were detected using DCFH-DA. The expression levels of signal transduction proteins were measured using western blot. RESULTS We found that PLM induced apoptosis in RA FLS at concentrations of 15 and 20 μM. The proliferation of RA FLS was downregulated by PLM at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 μM. Migration and invasion of RA FLS were reduced by PLM at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 μM. PLM also inhibited cytoskeletal reorganization in migrating RA FLS and decreased TNF-α-induced intracellular ROS production. Moreover, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of PLM on activation of the p38, JNK, NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PLM can inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of RA FLS. Moreover, these data suggests that PLM might have therapeutic potential for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yaoyao Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Mingcheng Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhongping Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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56
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Dong H, Yi X, Zhang J, Liu X, Zhuang R, Ding Y. LAIR-1 shedding from human fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis following TNF-α stimulation. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:193-205. [PMID: 29328500 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the expression of the inhibitory receptor, leucocyte-associated immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to investigate its potential role in the modulation of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and invasiveness of synoviocytes. LAIR-1 expression in synovial tissues from RA patients, osteoarthritis patients and healthy donors was analysed by immunohistochemistry. The membrane-bound form (mLAIR-1) was detected by flow cytometry. Factors involved in inflammation and MMP activity in FLS were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). LAIR-1 expression was higher in the synovia of the RA patients than those of the osteoarthritis patients. Co-immunostaining of vimentin/LAIR-1 demonstrated that LAIR-1 was localized mainly in FLS in the RA patients. Surprisingly, primary FLS isolated from the RA patients had low levels of mLAIR-1 expression, with cytoplasmic distribution. The extracellular domain of LAIR-1 was shed from the cell surface in response to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and this process could be blocked by serine protease inhibitors. Additional experiments indicated that LAIR-1 over-expression reduced FLS invasion considerably, which reduced simultaneously the mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and MMP-13 in the presence of TNF-α. Our study demonstrated that LAIR-1 is an anti-inflammatory molecule, and was up-regulated in FLS in the RA patients; however, cell-surface LAIR-1 could be shed from cells in the inflammatory microenvironment in RA. This may weaken the interaction of LAIR-1 with its ligand, thus reducing the anti-inflammatory effects of LAIR-1. These findings suggested that LAIR-1 may be an important factor involved in the mediation of the progressive joint destruction in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Transplant Immunology Laboratory, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - S Wang
- Orthopedic Department of Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - H Dong
- Transplant Immunology Laboratory, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - X Yi
- Orthopedic Department of Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - J Zhang
- Orthopedic Department of Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - X Liu
- Transplant Immunology Laboratory, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - R Zhuang
- Transplant Immunology Laboratory, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Immunology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Y Ding
- Orthopedic Department of Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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57
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Bonaventura P, Lamboux A, Albarède F, Miossec P. Regulatory effects of zinc on cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in chronic inflammation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180879. [PMID: 28742830 PMCID: PMC5526586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Zinc (Zn) has major effects on immune system activation while Cadmium (Cd) has anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects in several chronic inflammatory contexts. The aim of this work was to investigate by which mechanisms Zn could compete with Cd and eventually counteract its deleterious effects. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes exposed to cytokines were used as a model of chronic inflammation; osteoarthritis (OA) synoviocytes were used as control. METHODS Cell/medium fractionation constants were analyzed for different metals by inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry by comparison to the 70Zn spike. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were used to mimic inflammation. Gene expression of ZIP-8 importer, metallothioneins-1 (MT-1s) and the ratio between metalloprotease-3 and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (MMP-3)/TIMP-1) were evaluated after pre-exposure to cytokines and Cd, with or without the addition of exogenous Zn (0.9 ppm). Cell viability was measured by neutral red assay and IL-6 production by ELISA. RESULTS Synoviocytes selectively absorbed and retained Cd in comparison to Zn. Metal import increased with IL-17/TNF-α exposure, through the enhanced ZIP-8 expression. Zn did not modify ZIP-8 expression, while Cd reduced it (p<0.05). Zn induced a reduction of Cd-induced MT-1s expression, in particular of MT-1X (3-fold), and subsequently the final intra-cellular content of Cd. By reducing Cd accumulation in cells, Zn reversed Cd anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects but preserved the low MMP-3/TIMP-1 ratio induced by Cd, which was enhanced by inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION Zinc counteracts the deleterious effect of Cd by reducing its import and accumulation in the cell, without the reactivation of destructive pathways such as MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bonaventura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and inflammation research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Aline Lamboux
- Geology Laboratory–Department of Earth Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Francis Albarède
- Geology Laboratory–Department of Earth Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and inflammation research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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58
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Synovial cellular and molecular markers in rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39:385-393. [PMID: 28497350 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The profound alterations in the structure, cellular composition, and function of synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the basis for the persistent inflammation and cumulative joint destruction that are hallmarks of this disease. In RA, the synovium develops characteristics of a tertiary lymphoid organ, with extensive infiltration of lymphocytes and myeloid cells. Concurrently, the fibroblast-like synoviocytes undergo massive hyperplasia and acquire a tissue-invasive phenotype. In this review, we summarize key components of these processes, focusing on recently-described roles of selected molecular markers of these cellular components of RA synovitis.
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59
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Zhu Z, Ding J, Ma Z, Iwashina T, Tredget EE. Alternatively activated macrophages derived from THP-1 cells promote the fibrogenic activities of human dermal fibroblasts. Wound Repair Regen 2017; 25:377-388. [PMID: 28370945 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a key role in the wound healing process and can be divided into classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Fibroblasts maintain the physical integrity of connective tissue, participate in wound closure as well as produce and remodel extracellular matrix. Macrophages have a close relationship with fibroblasts by increasing the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) for faster wound closure and remodeling and myofibroblast differentiation from fibroblasts. In this study, resting state (M0), M1 and M2 macrophages differentiated from the human monocytic THP-1 cell line were used to co-culture with human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) for 48, 96 and 144 hours to investigate the effect of macrophages subsets on the fibrogenic activity of fibroblasts. The differentiation and polarization from THP-1 cells to M0, M1 and M2 macrophages were characterized by flow cytometry and cell cycle analysis. Cell sorting was performed to purify M0 and M2 macrophages. Cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, myofibroblast formation, gene expression of anti-fibrotic and pro-fibrotic factors, MMP-1 activity, and cytokine concentration were investigated. Results showed differentiation of M0 and polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages. M2 macrophages promoted the fibrogenic activities of co-cultured HDF by facilitating cell proliferation, increasing the collagen content, alpha-smooth muscle actin expressed cells, expression of the pro-fibrotic genes and concentration of M2 macrophage related factors, as well as decreasing the expression of the anti-fibrotic genes and MMP-1 activity. These findings reinforce the pro-fibrotic role of M2 macrophages, suggesting therapeutic strategies in fibrotic diseases should target M2 macrophages in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensen Zhu
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zengshuan Ma
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Takashi Iwashina
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Edward E Tredget
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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60
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Lebre MC, Vieira PL, Tang MW, Aarrass S, Helder B, Newsom-Davis T, Tak PP, Screaton GR. Synovial IL-21/TNF-producing CD4 + T cells induce joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis by inducing matrix metalloproteinase production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 101:775-783. [PMID: 27733582 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5a0516-217rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone and cartilage destruction is one of the key manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the role of T helper (Th)17 cells in these processes is clear, the role of IL-21-producing cells T cells has been neglected. We sought to investigate the role of IL-21 in RA by focusing on the functional characteristics of the main producers of this cytokine, synovial CD4+IL-21+ T cells. We show that the frequency of both synovial fluid (SF) CD4+IL-21+ or CD4+IL-21+TNF+ T cells in patients with RA was significantly higher compared with patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The frequency of peripheral blood (PB) IL-21+CD4+ T cells in patients with RA positively correlated with disease activity score 28 (DAS28), serum anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and IgM-rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF). IL-21 levels in RA SF were associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3. Related to this, IL-21 induced significantly the secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in RA synovial biopsies. Sorted SF CD4+IL-21+ T cells significantly induced the release of MMP-1 and MMP-3 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) compared with medium or CD4+IL-21- T cells in a coculture system. Neutralization of both IL-21 and TNF resulted in significantly less production of MMP by FLS. The results of this study indicate a new role for synovial CD4+IL-21+TNF+ T cells in promoting synovial inflammation/joint destruction in patients with RA. Importantly, IL-21 blockade in combination with anti-TNF might be an effective therapy in patients with RA by inhibiting MMP-induced inflammation/joint destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Lebre
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Pedro L Vieira
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Man Wai Tang
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Saïda Aarrass
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Boy Helder
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Thomas Newsom-Davis
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul P Tak
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Immune modulation of some autoimmune diseases: the critical role of macrophages and neutrophils in the innate and adaptive immunity. J Transl Med 2017; 15:36. [PMID: 28202039 PMCID: PMC5312441 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages and neutrophils are key components involved in the regulation of numerous chronic inflammatory diseases, infectious disorders, and especially certain autoimmune disease. However, little is known regarding the contribution of these cells to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Recent studies have aimed to clarify certain important factors affecting the immunogenicity of these cells, including the type and dose of antigen, the microenvironment of the cell-antigen encounter, and the number, subset, and phenotype of these cells, which can prevent or induce autoimmune responses. This review highlights the role of macrophage subsets and neutrophils in injured tissues, supporting their cooperation during the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune diseases.
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The β4GalT1 affects the fibroblast-like synoviocytes invasion in rheumatoid arthritis by modifying N-linked glycosylation of CXCR3. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:172-181. [PMID: 28215986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The level of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 (β4GalT1) is up-regulated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. It is reported that CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) can enhance the invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aims to investigate the specific mechanism of β4GalT1 and relationship between β4GalT1 and CXCR3 in RA. METHODS The model of CIA mice was established to explore the role of β4GalT1. The N-glycosylation of CXCR3 was detected by mass spectrometry and western-blot. The interaction between β4GalT1 and CXCR3 was tested by immunoprecipitation. The truncted MMP-1 was detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to measure ligand-receptor interaction between CXCR3 and CXCL10. RESULTS β4GalT1 can promote the inflammatory process of arthritis. CXCR3 was N-glycosylated and its glycosylation regulated by β4GalT1. β4GalT1 can enhance the invasiveness of FLS by modifying CXCR3. N-glycosylation of CXCR3 influences the ligand-receptor interaction between CXCR3 and CXCL10. CONCLUSIONS β4GalT1 can regulate N-glycans of CXCR3 in RA. N-glycans of CXCR3 affects CXCL10/CXCR3 ligand-binding which enhancing FLS invasion.
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Liu Y, Sun Z, Xu D, Liu J, Li X, Wu X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Huang C, Meng X, Li J. Hesperidin derivative-11 inhibits fibroblast-like synoviocytes proliferation by activating Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 in adjuvant arthritis rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 794:173-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Yan S, Yang B, Shang C, Ma Z, Tang Z, Liu G, Shen W, Zhang Y. Platelet-rich plasma promotes the migration and invasion of synovial fibroblasts in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2269-75. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Interleukin-35 (IL-35) inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes isolated from mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:947-56. [PMID: 27379996 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disorder of the joints that affects 0.5-1 % of adults. Excessive growth of the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) promotes hyperplasia of synovial tissues and causes its invasion into the bone and cartilage, which eventually causes deformity and dysfunction of affected joints. Interleukin 35 (IL-35) was shown to suppress the inflammatory responses to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) via upregulation of T regulatory cells and suppression of T helper type 17 cells in a mouse model. To study the effects of IL-35 on the proliferation and apoptosis frequency of cultured FLS isolated from mice with CIA as well as to examine the effects of IL-35 on CIA in vivo. Thirty DBA/1 J mice, which are used as an animal model for RA, were divided randomly (ten mice per group) to a CIA group (collagen treatment), a CIA + IL-35 group (collagen and IL-35 treatments), and a control group (no treatment). Starting on the 24th day after collagen administration, IL-35 was injected intraperitoneally into mice of the CIA + IL-35 group once per day for 10 days. An arthritis index was calculated, and pathological analysis of synovial tissue was performed. FLS isolated from CIA mice were treated with various concentrations of IL-35 (12.5-100 ng/ml). The MTT assay was used to examine FLS proliferation, and apoptosis frequency of FLS was detected by flow cytometry. On day 24, the CIA mice began to exhibit arthritis symptoms, and the symptoms rapidly progressed with time. Treatment with IL-35 significantly alleviated arthritis symptoms and reduced the synovial tissue inflammation. In addition, IL-35 treatment inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in cultured FLS from CIA mice in a dose-dependent manner. IL-35 could ameliorate the symptoms of arthritis in the CIA mouse model in vivo and inhibited FLS proliferation while promoting FLS apoptosis in vitro, thereby exhibited the potential in inhibiting the progression of RA.
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Xiong G, Huang Z, Jiang H, Pan Z, Xie J, Wang S. Inhibition of microRNA-21 decreases the invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis via TGFβ/Smads signaling pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 19:787-93. [PMID: 27635204 PMCID: PMC5010852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNA-21 (miR21) is aberrantly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, the significance of this microRNA in RA pathogenesis and treatment, however, has not been investigated. In this study, by using RA-derived fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cells as a model, we investigated the effect and corresponding mechanism of miR21 inhibition on FLSs invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS miR21 expression in synovial tissue and FLSs in RA patients and non-RA controls were determined by stem-loop RT-PCR. The effect of miR21 on FLSs viability and invasiveness were evaluated using miR21 inhibition. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and the expression of genes at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Our results showed that miR21 expression was highly increased in synovial tissue and FLSs in RA patients. Also, we reported that miR21 inhibitor treatment could significantly suppress the invasiveness of FLSs without affecting cell viability. The decreased FLSs invasion by miR21 inhibition was associated with down-regulated expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP3, and MMP13. Further analysis revealed that miR21 inhibition could suppress the expression of TGFβ1 and Smad4, but promote that of Smad7. Moreover, suppression of FLS invasion and MMPs expression by miR21 treatment could be counteracted by additional TGFβ1 treatment. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that miR21 inhibition can down-regulate the expression of MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13 and consequently suppress the invasiveness of FLS, which is achieved through TGFβ1/Smad4/7 signaling pathway. The findings of this study could offer a novel approach for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxin Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China,Corresponding author: Gaoxin Xiong. The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, 390 Huaihe Road, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China; Tel: +86-18119696575;
| | - Zhang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Shuangli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
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Pethő Z, Tanner MR, Tajhya RB, Huq R, Laragione T, Panyi G, Gulko PS, Beeton C. Different expression of β subunits of the KCa1.1 channel by invasive and non-invasive human fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:103. [PMID: 27165430 PMCID: PMC4863321 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS) contribute to joint inflammation and damage characteristic of the disease. RA-FLS express KCa1.1 (BK, Slo1, MaxiK, KCNMA1) as their major plasma membrane potassium channel. Blocking KCa1.1 reduces the invasive phenotype of RA-FLS and attenuates disease severity in animal models of RA. This channel has therefore emerged as a promising therapeutic target in RA. However, the pore-forming α subunit of KCa1.1 is widely distributed in the body, and blocking it induces severe side effects, thus limiting its value as a therapeutic target. On the other hand, KCa1.1 channels can also contain different accessory subunits with restricted tissue distribution that regulate channel kinetics and pharmacology. Identification of the regulatory subunits of KCa1.1 expressed by RA-FLS may therefore provide the opportunity for generating a selective target for RA treatment. Methods Highly invasive RA-FLS were isolated from patients with RA, and FLS from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were used as minimally invasive controls. The β subunit expression by FLS was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions, Western blotting, and patch-clamp electrophysiology combined with pharmacological agents. FLS were sorted by flow cytometry on the basis of their CD44 expression level for comparison of their invasiveness and with their expression of KCa1.1 α and β subunits. β1 and β3 subunit expression was reduced with small interfering RNA (siRNA) to assess their specific role in KCa1.1α expression and function and in FLS invasiveness. Results We identified functional β1 and β3b regulatory subunits in RA-FLS. KCa1.1 β3b subunits were expressed by 70 % of the cells and were associated with highly invasive CD44high RA-FLS, whereas minimally invasive CD44low RA-FLS and OA-FLS expressed either β1 subunit. Furthermore, we found that silencing the β3 but not the β1 subunit with siRNA reduced KCa1.1 channel density at the plasma membrane of RA-FLS and inhibited RA-FLS invasiveness. Conclusions Our findings suggest the KCa1.1 channel composed of α and β3b subunits as an attractive target for the therapy of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Pethő
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mail Stop BCM335, Room S409A, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Mark R Tanner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mail Stop BCM335, Room S409A, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rajeev B Tajhya
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mail Stop BCM335, Room S409A, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Redwan Huq
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mail Stop BCM335, Room S409A, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Teresina Laragione
- Division of Rheumatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Pércio S Gulko
- Division of Rheumatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christine Beeton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mail Stop BCM335, Room S409A, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Jin XN, Yan EZ, Wang HM, Sui HJ, Liu Z, Gao W, Jin Y. Hyperoside exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in LPS-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes in vitro and in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:674-86. [PMID: 27041460 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside mainly found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, which has shown anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyperoside on human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in vitro and on mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in vivo. METHODS FLSs were isolated from primary synovial tissues obtained from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL). Cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTT and BrdU assay. Cell migration was assessed using wound-healing assay and Transwell assay. DNA binding of NF-κB was measured using a TransAM-NFkappaB kit. The localization of p65 subunit was detected with immunocytochemistry. CIA was induced in mice by primary immunization with Bovine Type II collagen (CII) emulsified in CFA, followed by a booster injection 3 weeks later. The arthritic mice were treated with hyperoside (25, 50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip) for 3 weeks, and the joint tissues were harvested for histological analysis. RESULTS Hyperoside (10, 50, 100 μmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced proliferation and migration of human RA FLSs in vitro. Furthermore, hyperoside decreased LPS-stimulated production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1 and MMP-9 in the cells. Moreover, hyperoside inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and suppressed LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 and DNA biding of NF-κB in the cells. Three-week administration of hyperoside significantly decreased the clinical scores, and alleviated synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage damage in mice with CIA. CONCLUSION Hyperoside inhibits LPS-induced proliferation, migration and inflammatory responses in human RA FLSs in vitro by suppressing activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which contributes to the therapeutic effects observed in mice with CIA.
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Suurmond J, van der Velden D, Kuiper J, Bot I, Toes RE. Mast cells in rheumatic disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 778:116-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Smac127 Has Proapoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6905678. [PMID: 26989333 PMCID: PMC4773553 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6905678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial inflammation and hyperplasia. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are apoptosis-resistant and contribute to the pathogenesis of RA by producing cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, which degrade the extracellular matrix. We evaluated the proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory activity of the small molecule Smac127 on RA-FLSs cultured in synovial fluid (SF), in order to reproduce the physiopathological environmental characteristic of RA joints. In this context, Smac127 induces apoptosis by inhibiting apoptosis proteins (IAPs). This inhibition activates caspase 3 and restores the apoptotic pathway. In addition, Smac127 induces a significant inhibition of the secretion of IL-15 and IL-6, stimulation of pannus formation, and damage of bone and cartilage in RA. Also the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 is dramatically increased in the presence of Smac127. The cartilage destruction in RA patients is partly mediated by metalloproteinases; here we show that the MMP-1 production by fibroblasts cultured in SF is significantly antagonized by Smac127. Conversely, this molecule has no significant effects on RANKL and OPG production. Our observations demonstrate that Smac127 has beneficial regulatory effects on inflammatory state of RA-FLSs and suggest a potential use of Smac127 for the control of inflammation and disease progression in RA.
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Kjelgaard-Petersen C, Siebuhr AS, Christiansen T, Ladel C, Karsdal M, Bay-Jensen AC. Synovitis biomarkers: ex vivo characterization of three biomarkers for identification of inflammatory osteoarthritis. Biomarkers 2016; 20:547-56. [PMID: 26863055 PMCID: PMC4819844 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Characterize biomarkers measuring extracellular matrix turnover of inflamed osteoarthritis synovium. Methods: Human primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes and synovial membrane explants (SMEs) treated with various cytokines and growth factors were assessed by C1M, C3M, and acMMP3 in the conditioned medium. Results: TNFα significantly increased C1M up to seven-fold (p = 0.0002), C3M up to 24-fold (p = 0.0011), and acMMP3 up to 14-fold (p < 0.0001) in SMEs. IL-1β also significantly increased C1M up to five-fold (p = 0.00094), C3M four-fold (p = 0.007), and acMMP3 18-fold (p < 0.0001) in SMEs. Conclusion: The biomarkers C1M, C3M, and acMMP-3 were synovitis biomarkers ex vivo and provide a translational tool together with the SME model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Sofie Siebuhr
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
| | | | - Christoph Ladel
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
| | - Morten Karsdal
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
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Jiang H, Wang L, Pan J. Inhibition of pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 has a protective role against synovitis in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7681-6. [PMID: 26458419 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (PCSK6), a proteinase implicated in the proteolytic activity of various precursor proteins and involved in the regulation of protein maturation, in fibroblast‑like synoviocytes (FLS) of a rat model of collagen‑induced arthritis (CIA). Cultured FLS from CIA models were subjected to small interfering RNA mediated PCSK6 knockdown, followed by assessment of the proliferation, invasive and migratory capacity, the secretion of inflammation factors and the cell cycle. Expression of genes associated with proliferation, invasion, migration and inflammation was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that PCSK6 knockdown significantly decreased the cell proliferation, invasion and migration of FLS from rats with CIA. ELISA showed an obvious decrease of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β secretion, and flow cytometric analysis revealed G0/G1 arrest of FLS following PCSK6 knockdown. Furthermore, a decrease in the mRNA levels of inflammation‑associated chemokine CXCL9, angiogenesis‑associated genes MMP‑2, MMP‑9 and NOSTRIN, hypoxia‑associated gene HIF‑1α, adhesion‑associated gene MPZL2, proliferation‑associated gene IGF‑2 and citrullination‑associated gene PADI4 was detected after PCSK6 knockdown. The results of the present study indicated that inhibition of PCSK6 may have a protective role against synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Jiang
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
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Li GF, Qin YH, Du PQ. Andrographolide inhibits the migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase expression of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via inhibition of HIF-1α signaling. Life Sci 2015; 136:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hawtree S, Muthana M, Wilkinson JM, Akil M, Wilson AG. Histone deacetylase 1 regulates tissue destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:5367-77. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Mokuda S, Miyazaki T, Ito Y, Yamasaki S, Inoue H, Guo Y, Kong WS, Kanno M, Takasugi K, Sugiyama E, Masumoto J. The proto-oncogene survivin splice variant 2B is induced by PDGF and leads to cell proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9795. [PMID: 25997820 PMCID: PMC4441133 DOI: 10.1038/srep09795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is an independent prognostic factor for joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the expression and function of survivin in RA synoviocytes remain unclear. We certified the expression of survivin in RA synovial tissues and performed the experiment using RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) treated with siRNA. As a result, the expression levels of wild type (WT) survivin and the 2B splice variants in RA synovial tissues were higher than those in osteoarthritis tissue samples, and, these variants were highly expressed in RA-FLS. The expression levels of survivin-WT and -2B in the RA-FLS were upregulated by PDGF. Treatment with siRNA against survivin-2B led to decreased viability of PDGF-treated RA-FLS due to cell cycle suppression and apoptosis promotion, while the siRNA against all survivin isoforms did not affect the viability. Moreover, an overexpression of survivin-2B in RA-FLS led to cell proliferation through cell cycle activation and by conferring resistance to apoptosis. In conclusion, survivin-2B has an important role in RA-FLS proliferation. These data suggest that survivin-2B might contribute to rheumatoid synovial hyperplasia, and have the potential as a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Mokuda
- 1] Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan [2] Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Dohgo Spa Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan [3] Department of Pathology, Ehime University Proteo-Science Centre and Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan [4] Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Miyazaki
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Proteo-Science Centre and Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Proteo-Science Centre and Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroko Inoue
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Weng-Sheng Kong
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masamoto Kanno
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takasugi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Dohgo Spa Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Proteo-Science Centre and Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
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Störch H, Zimmermann B, Resch B, Tykocinski LO, Moradi B, Horn P, Kaya Z, Blank N, Rehart S, Thomsen M, Lorenz HM, Neumann E, Tretter T. Activated human B cells induce inflammatory fibroblasts with cartilage-destructive properties and become functionally suppressed in return. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:924-32. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Shu Z, Shi X, Nie D, Guan B. Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan Inhibits the Viability and Invasiveness and Triggers Apoptosis in IL-1β-Treated Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast Synoviocytes. Inflammation 2015; 38:1777-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gui H, Tong Q, Qu W, Mao CM, Dai SM. The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic implications in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:86-91. [PMID: 25791728 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the endogenous receptor for Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, a main constituent of marijuana, the endocannabinoid system (comprising cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands, as well as the enzymes involved in their metabolic processes) has been implicated as having multiple regulatory functions in many central and peripheral conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that is associated with the involvement of many kinds of cells (such as fibroblastlike synoviocytes [FLSs], osteoclasts, T cells, B cells, and macrophages) and molecules (such as interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs], and chemokines). Increasing evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system, especially cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), has an important role in the pathophysiology of RA. Many members of the endocannabinoid system are reported to inhibit synovial inflammation, hyperplasia, and cartilage destruction in RA. In particular, specific activation of CB2 may relieve RA by inhibiting not only the production of autoantibodies, proinflammatory cytokines, and MMPs, but also bone erosion, immune response mediated by T cells, and the proliferation of FLSs. In this review, we will discuss the possible functions of the endocannabinoid system in the modulation of RA, which may be a potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gui
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchun Qu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chen-Mei Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Sheng-Ming Dai
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Bufalin, a bioactive component of the Chinese medicine chansu, inhibits inflammation and invasion of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Inflammation 2015; 37:1050-8. [PMID: 24515724 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLSs) contribute to the destruction of cartilage and bone by production of metalloproteinases (MMPs) into the synovial fluid and by direct invasion into extracellular matrix (ECM). Bufalin, a major component of Venenum Bufonis, can attenuate the invasion of various cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effects of bufalin on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced invasion of RAFLSs. Western blot analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were conducted to analyze the nuclear translocation of p65/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-κB DNA-binding activity. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to assess the expression of cytokines. Our results revealed that TNF-α significantly increased p65 translocation into nucleus (P < 0.01) and enhanced NF-κB DNA-binding activity, which were dose-dependently inhibited by bufalin. Furthermore, bufalin attenuated the TNF-α-induced interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8 production in RAFLSs in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, TNF-α-induced invasion of RAFLSs was dampened by the pretreatment of bufalin. Additionally, bufalin decreased the mRNA abundance and secretion of MMP-9 in TNF-α-treated RAFLSs. Our results reveal that bufalin can inhibit TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation, cytokine production, invasion, and MMP-9 expression in RAFLSs, indicating a therapeutic potential of bufalin on RA.
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80
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APRIL promotes proliferation, secretion and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocyte from rats with adjuvant induced arthritis. Mol Immunol 2015; 64:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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81
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Wang F, Wang L, Jiang H, Chang X, Pan J. Inhibition of PCSK6 May Play a Protective Role in the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Rheumatol 2014; 42:161-9. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To assess the effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (PCSK6) in the synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PCSK6 is a proteinase implicated in the proteolytic activity of various precursor proteins and involved in the regulation of protein maturation.Methods.PCSK6 expression was detected in the synovial tissue of 10 patients with RA, 10 controls with osteoarthritis, and 10 controls with ankylosing spondylitis using Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Genotyping of 67 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) was performed using an Illumina VeraCode (Illumina) microarray in a case-control study including 267 patients with RA and 160 healthy controls. Genotyping of 4 other tag SNP was performed using a TaqMan probe genotyping assay in 1056 healthy controls and 1151 patients with RA. Cultured RA synovial fibroblasts (RASF) were transfected with PCSK6 small interfering RNA to study changes in the proliferation, invasion, migration capacity, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, cell cycle, and expression profiles of the RASF.Results.Expression of PCSK6 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in the synovial tissues of individuals with RA than in control tissues. One SNP, rs8029797, was significantly associated with RA (p = 0.011). Knockdown of PCSK6 by RNA interference significantly decreased proliferation, invasion, and migration of RASF. These changes in RASF appeared to be related to reduced tumor necrosis factor-α secretion, G0/G1 arrest, and altered expression of various proteins including those involved in angiogenesis (matrix metalloproteinase 9, nitric oxide synthase trafficking), hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-α, thioredoxin domain containing 5), proliferation (chromosome 10 open reading frame 116), and inflammation [CCL7, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9, interleukin 26].Conclusion.PCSK6 is upregulated in the synovial tissues of patients with RA and has a genetic effect on the risk of RA. Inhibition of PCSK6 may play a protective role in the development of RA.
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Knevel R, Klein K, Somers K, Ospelt C, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, van Nies JAB, de Rooy DPC, de Bock L, Kurreeman FAS, Schonkeren J, Stoeken-Rijsbergen G, Helmer Q, van der Linden MPM, Kern M, Manjarrez-Orduno N, Rodriguez-Rodriquez L, Stinissen P, Huizinga TWJ, Toes REM, Gay S, Gregersen PK, Somers V, van der Helm-van Mil AHM. Identification of a genetic variant for joint damage progression in autoantibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:2038-46. [PMID: 23956247 PMCID: PMC11292588 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Joint destruction is a hallmark of autoantibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), though the severity is highly variable between patients. The processes underlying these interindividual differences are incompletely understood. METHODS We performed a genome-wide association study on the radiological progression rate in 384 autoantibody-positive patients with RA. In stage-II 1557 X-rays of 301 Dutch autoantibody-positive patients with RA were studied and in stage-III 861 X-rays of 742 North American autoantibody-positive patients with RA. Sperm-Associated Antigen 16 (SPAG16) expression in RA synovium and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) was examined using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. FLS secrete metalloproteinases that degrade cartilage and bone. SPAG16 genotypes were related to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-1 expression by FLS in vitro and MMP-3 production ex vivo. RESULTS A cluster of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 2q34, located at SPAG16, associated with the radiological progression rate; rs7607479 reached genome-wide significance. A protective role of rs7607479 was replicated in European and North American patients with RA. Per minor allele, patients had a 0.78-fold (95% CI 0.67 to 0.91) progression rate over 7 years. mRNA and protein expression of SPAG16 in RA synovium and FLS was verified. FLS carrying the minor allele secreted less MMP-3 (p=1.60×10(-2)). Furthermore, patients with RA carrying the minor allele had lower serum levels of MMP-3 (p=4.28×10(-2)). In a multivariate analysis on rs7607479 and MMP-3, only MMP-3 associated with progression (p=2.77×10(-4)), suggesting that the association between SPAG16-rs7607479 and joint damage is mediated via an effect on MMP-3 secretion. CONCLUSIONS Genetic and functional analyses indicate that SPAG16 influences MMP-3 regulation and protects against joint destruction in autoantibody-positive RA. These findings could enhance risk stratification in autoantibody-positive RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Knevel
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Klein
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaartje Somers
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jessica A B van Nies
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik P C de Rooy
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura de Bock
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Fina A S Kurreeman
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Schonkeren
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Quinta Helmer
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marlena Kern
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Nataly Manjarrez-Orduno
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Luis Rodriguez-Rodriquez
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Piet Stinissen
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rene E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steffen Gay
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Veerle Somers
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Kauwe JSK, Bailey MH, Ridge PG, Perry R, Wadsworth ME, Hoyt KL, Staley LA, Karch CM, Harari O, Cruchaga C, Ainscough BJ, Bales K, Pickering EH, Bertelsen S, Fagan AM, Holtzman DM, Morris JC, Goate AM. Genome-wide association study of CSF levels of 59 alzheimer's disease candidate proteins: significant associations with proteins involved in amyloid processing and inflammation. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004758. [PMID: 25340798 PMCID: PMC4207667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 42 amino acid species of amyloid beta (Aβ42) and tau levels are strongly correlated with the presence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology including amyloid plaques and neurodegeneration and have been successfully used as endophenotypes for genetic studies of AD. Additional CSF analytes may also serve as useful endophenotypes that capture other aspects of AD pathophysiology. Here we have conducted a genome-wide association study of CSF levels of 59 AD-related analytes. All analytes were measured using the Rules Based Medicine Human DiscoveryMAP Panel, which includes analytes relevant to several disease-related processes. Data from two independently collected and measured datasets, the Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), were analyzed separately, and combined results were obtained using meta-analysis. We identified genetic associations with CSF levels of 5 proteins (Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (CCL4), Interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) and Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3)) with study-wide significant p-values (p<1.46×10−10) and significant, consistent evidence for association in both the Knight ADRC and the ADNI samples. These proteins are involved in amyloid processing and pro-inflammatory signaling. SNPs associated with ACE, IL6R and MMP3 protein levels are located within the coding regions of the corresponding structural gene. The SNPs associated with CSF levels of CCL4 and CCL2 are located in known chemokine binding proteins. The genetic associations reported here are novel and suggest mechanisms for genetic control of CSF and plasma levels of these disease-related proteins. Significant SNPs in ACE and MMP3 also showed association with AD risk. Our findings suggest that these proteins/pathways may be valuable therapeutic targets for AD. Robust associations in cognitively normal individuals suggest that these SNPs also influence regulation of these proteins more generally and may therefore be relevant to other diseases. The use of quantitative endophenotypes from cerebrospinal fluid has led to the identification of several genetic variants that alter risk or rate of progression of Alzheimer's disease. Here we have analyzed the levels of 58 disease-related proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid for association with millions of variants across the human genome. We have identified significant, replicable associations with 5 analytes, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, Interleukin 6 receptor and Matrix metalloproteinase-3. Our results suggest that these variants play a regulatory role in the respective protein levels and are relevant to the inflammatory and amyloid processing pathways. Variants in associated with ACE and those associated with MMP3 levels also show association with risk for Alzheimer's disease in the expected directions. These associations are consistent in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma and in samples with only cognitively normal individuals suggesting that they are relevant in the regulation of these protein levels beyond the context of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. K. Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Matthew H. Bailey
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Perry G. Ridge
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Rachel Perry
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mark E. Wadsworth
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn L. Hoyt
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Lyndsay A. Staley
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Celeste M. Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Ainscough
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kelly Bales
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Eve H. Pickering
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Sarah Bertelsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | - Anne M. Fagan
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - John C. Morris
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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84
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Cytokine-mediated bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:263625. [PMID: 25295284 PMCID: PMC4176903 DOI: 10.1155/2014/263625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis, which involves formation and resorption, is an important process for maintaining adequate bone mass in humans. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and bone loss, leading to joint destruction and deformity, and is a representative disease of disrupted bone homeostasis. The bone loss and joint destruction are mediated by immunological insults by proinflammatory cytokines and various immune cells. The connection between bone and immunity has been intensely studied and comprises the emerging field of osteoimmunology. Osteoimmunology is an interdisciplinary science investigating the interplay between the skeletal and the immune systems. The main contributors in osteoimmunology are the bone effector cells, such as osteoclasts or osteoblasts, and the immune cells, particularly lymphocytes and monocytes. Physiologically, osteoclasts originate from immune cells, and immune cells regulate osteoblasts and vice versa. Pathological conditions such as RA might affect these interactions, thereby altering bone homeostasis, resulting in the unfavorable outcome of bone destruction. In this review, we describe the osteoclastogenic roles of the proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells that are important in the pathophysiology of RA.
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85
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Wright HL, Moots RJ, Edwards SW. The multifactorial role of neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2014; 10:593-601. [PMID: 24914698 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Of all cells implicated in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neutrophils possess the greatest cytotoxic potential, owing to their ability to release degradative enzymes and reactive oxygen species. Neutrophils also contribute to the cytokine and chemokine cascades that accompany inflammation, and regulate immune responses via cell-cell interactions. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils also have a previously unrecognised role in autoimmune diseases: neutrophils can release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) containing chromatin associated with granule enzymes, which not only kill extracellular microorganisms but also provide a source of autoantigens. For example, citrullinated proteins that can act as neoepitopes in loss of immune tolerance are generated by peptidylarginine deiminases, which replace arginine with citrulline residues, within neutrophils. Indeed, antibodies to citrullinated proteins can be detected before the onset of symptoms in patients with RA, and are predictive of erosive disease. Neutrophils from patients with RA have an increased tendency to form NETs containing citrullinated proteins, and sera from such patients contain autoantibodies that recognize these proteins. Thus, in addition to their cytotoxic and immunoregulatory role in RA, neutrophils may be a source of the autoantigens that drive the autoimmune processes underlying this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wright
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Robert J Moots
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University Hospital Aintree, University of Liverpool, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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86
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Siebuhr AS, He Y, Gudmann NS, Gram A, Kjelgaard-Petersen CF, Qvist P, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC. Biomarkers of cartilage and surrounding joint tissue. Biomark Med 2014; 8:713-31. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and clinical demonstration of efficacy and safety of osteo- and chondro-protective drugs are met with certain difficulties. During the last few decades, the pharmaceutical industry has, in the field of rheumatology, experienced disappointments associated with the development of disease modification. Today, the vast amount of patients suffering from serious, chronic joint diseases can only be offered treatments aimed at improving symptoms, such as pain and acute inflammation, and are not aimed at protecting the joint tissue. This huge, unmet medical need has been the driver behind the development of improved analytical techniques allowing better and more efficient clinical trial design, implementation and analysis. With this review, we aim to provide a brief and general overview of biochemical markers of joint tissue, with special focus on neoepitopes. Furthermore, we highlight recent studies applying biochemical markers in joint degenerative diseases. These disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies, are the most predominant disorders in Europe and the USA, and have enormous socioeconomical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne S Siebuhr
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Yi He
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Natasja S Gudmann
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Aurelie Gram
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | | | - Per Qvist
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Anne C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
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Knockdown of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibits the migration and invasion of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT activation and MMP-2/9 production in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5157-65. [PMID: 24816639 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) on the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). RA-FLS were transfected control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA. The migration and invasion of unmanipulated control, control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA- transfected RA-FLS in vitro were measured by the transwell system. The relative levels of SPHK1, PI3K, and AKT as well as AKT phosphorylation in RA-FLS were determined by Western blot. The levels of MMP-2/9 secreted by RA-FLS were detected by ELISA. Knockdown of SPHK1 significantly inhibited the spontaneous migration and invasion of RA-FLS, accompanied by significantly reduced levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. Similarly, treatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS. Knockdown of SPHK1 and treatment with the inhibitor synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS, by further reducing the levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. In addition, knockdown of SPHK1 or treatment with LY294002 inhibited the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and both synergistically reduced the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RA-FLS in vitro. Knockdown of SPHK1 expression inhibits the PI3K/AKT activation, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, and human RA-FLS migration and invasion in vitro. Potentially, SPHK1 may be a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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88
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Lee A, Park K, Choi SJ, Seo DH, Kim K, Kim HS, Choi K, Kwon IC, Yoon SY, Youn I. Prediction of antiarthritic drug efficacies by monitoring active matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels in collagen-induced arthritic mice using the MMP-3 probe. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1450-8. [PMID: 24673659 DOI: 10.1021/mp400622q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Active matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is a prognostic marker of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We recently developed an MMP-3 probe that can specifically detect the active form of MMP-3. The aim of this study was to investigate whether detection and monitoring of active MMP-3 could be useful to predict therapeutic drug responses in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. During the period of treatment with drugs such as methotrexate (MTX) or infliximab (IFX), MMP-3 mRNA and protein levels were correlated with fluorescence signals in arthritic joint tissues and in the serum of CIA mice. Also, bone volume density and erosion in the knee joints and the paws of CIA mice were measured with microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), X-ray, and histology to confirm drug responses. In joint tissues and serum of CIA mice, strong fluorescence signals induced by the action of active MMP-3 were significantly decreased when drugs were applied. The decrease in RA scores in drug-treated CIA mice led to fluorescence reductions, mainly as a result of down-regulation of MMP-3 mRNA or protein. The micro-CT, X-ray, and histology results clearly showed marked decreases in bone and cartilage destruction, which were consistent with the reduction of fluorescence by down-regulation of active MMP-3 in drug-treated CIA mice. We suggest that the MMP-3 diagnostic kit could be used to detect and monitor the active form of MMP-3 in CIA mice serum during a treatment course and thereby used to predict the drug response or resistance to RA therapies at an earlier stage. We hope that monitoring of active MMP-3 levels in arthritis patients using the MMP-3 diagnostic kit will be a promising tool for drug discovery, drug development, and monitoring of drug responses in RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeju Lee
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , 39-1 Hawolgok-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, South Korea
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Choi YJ, Lee WS, Lee EG, Sung MS, Yoo WH. Sulforaphane Inhibits IL-1β-Induced Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts and the Production of MMPs, COX-2, and PGE2. Inflammation 2014; 37:1496-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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90
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Upregulation of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5689-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1753-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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91
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Li G, Liu D, Guo S, Sunagawa M, Hisamitsu T, Liu Y. Anti-invasive effects of Celastrus Orbiculatus extract on interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha combination-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:62. [PMID: 24552146 PMCID: PMC3938040 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) is critical in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway play a critical role in RA-FLS invasion induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The present study aimed to explore the anti-invasive activity and mechanism of Celastrus orbiculatus extract (COE) on IL-1β and TNF-α combination-stimulated human RA-FLSs. Methods We investigated the effect of COE on IL-1β and TNF-α combination-induced FLS invasion as well as MMP expression and explored upstream signal transduction. Results COE suppressed IL-1β and TNF-α combination-stimulated FLSs invasion by inhibiting MMP-9 expression and activity. Furthermore, our results revealed that COE inhibited the transcriptional activity of MMP-9 by suppression of the binding activity of NF-κB in the MMP-9 promoter, and inhibited IκBα phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Conclusions COE inhibits IL-1β and TNF-α combination-induced FLSs invasion by suppressing NF-κB-mediated MMP-9 expression.
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92
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Gui H, Liu X, Wang ZW, He DY, Su DF, Dai SM. Expression of cannabinoid receptor 2 and its inhibitory effects on synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:802-9. [PMID: 24440992 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have suggested immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) activation, which shows no psychoactivity. However, it is still unclear whether CB2R is expressed in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of RA. In this study we investigated whether CB2R is expressed in FLS of RA, and whether CB2R activation modulates the function of RA-FLS. METHODS Expression of CB2R in synovial tissue and FLS was studied by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and RT-PCR. mRNA expression levels of CB2R, IL-6 and MMPs were analysed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The protein concentrations of IL-6 and MMPs in culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. The protein levels of signal transducing molecules were assayed by western blotting. RESULTS Both mRNA and protein expression of CB2R were found in synovial tissue and cultured FLS with slightly higher levels in RA patients than in OA patients. In cultured RA-FLS, the expression level of CB2R was up-regulated by stimulation with IL-1β, TNF-α or lipopolysaccharide. In vitro, HU-308, a selective CB2R agonist, inhibited IL-1β-induced proliferation of RA-FLS as well as IL-1β-induced production of MMP-3, MMP-13 and IL-6 in RA-FLS in a dose-dependent manner. HU-308 also suppressed IL-1β-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in FLS. CONCLUSION In RA-FLS, proinflammatory mediators up-regulate the expression of CB2R, which negatively regulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs. These data suggest that CB2R may be a potential therapeutic target of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gui
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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93
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Identification of key regulators for the migration and invasion of rheumatoid synoviocytes through a systems approach. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 111:550-5. [PMID: 24374632 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311239111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid synoviocytes, which consist of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and synovial macrophages (SMs), are crucial for the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Particularly, FLSs of RA patients (RA-FLSs) exhibit invasive characteristics reminiscent of cancer cells, destroying cartilage and bone. RA-FLSs and SMs originate differently from mesenchymal and myeloid cells, respectively, but share many pathologic functions. However, the molecular signatures and biological networks representing the distinct and shared features of the two cell types are unknown. We performed global transcriptome profiling of FLSs and SMs obtained from RA and osteoarthritis patients. By comparing the transcriptomes, we identified distinct molecular signatures and cellular processes defining invasiveness of RA-FLSs and proinflammatory properties of RA-SMs, respectively. Interestingly, under the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated condition, the RA-FLSs newly acquired proinflammatory signature dominant in RA-SMs without losing invasive properties. We next reconstructed a network model that delineates the shared, RA-FLS-dominant (invasive), and RA-SM-dominant (inflammatory) processes. From the network model, we selected 13 genes, including periostin, osteoblast-specific factor (POSTN) and twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1 (TWIST1), as key regulator candidates responsible for FLS invasiveness. Of note, POSTN and TWIST1 expressions were elevated in independent RA-FLSs and further instigated by IL-1β. Functional assays demonstrated the requirement of POSTN and TWIST1 for migration and invasion of RA-FLSs stimulated with IL-1β. Together, our systems approach to rheumatoid synovitis provides a basis for identifying key regulators responsible for pathological features of RA-FLSs and -SMs, demonstrating how a certain type of cells acquires functional redundancy under chronic inflammatory conditions.
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94
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Li GQ, Liu D, Zhang Y, Qian YY, Zhu YD, Guo SY, Sunagawa M, Hisamitsu T, Liu YQ. Anti-invasive effects of celastrol in hypoxia-induced fibroblast-like synoviocyte through suppressing of HIF-1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:1028-36. [PMID: 24144813 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints are in a hypoxic condition. Hypoxia-induced migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are considered to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA. Among the key genes upregulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) plays an important role in FLS migration and invasion. Our previous studies have shown that celastrol exerts anti-arthritic effects by inhibiting FLS migration and invasion under normoxic conditions. However, the effect and molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of celastrol on hypoxia-induced FLS migration and invasion are poorly understood. In the present study, we assessed the effect of celastrol on hypoxia-induced FLS migration and invasion. Results showed that celastrol suppressed hypoxia-induced FLS migration and invasion. In addition, we also found that celastrol inhibited hypoxia-induced CXCR4 expression at both the mRNA and the protein levels in RA-FLSs. Meanwhile, it is revealed that celastrol inhibited the transcriptional activity of CXCR4 under hypoxic conditions by suppressing the binding activity of HIF-1α in the CXCR4 promoter, and blocked hypoxia-induced accumulation of nuclear HIF-1α. Furthermore, treatment with HIF-1α inhibitor reduced the hypoxia-induced expression and transcriptional activity of CXCR4. In conclusion, our results indicate that celastrol inhibits hypoxia-induced migration and invasion via suppression of HIF-1α mediated CXCR4 expression in FLSs under hypoxic conditions. These results provide a strong rationale for further testing and validation of the use of celastrol as a new alternative for using in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-qing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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95
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Fu M, Chen LH, Xia G, Zhang Y. Effects of Ureaplasma urealyticum lipid-associated membrane proteins on rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. J Int Med Res 2013; 41:1655-70. [PMID: 24097830 DOI: 10.1177/0300060513498542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives As an infectious agent might play a role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development, this study investigated effects of Ureaplasma urealyticum lipid-associated membrane proteins (UuLAMPs) on RA synovial fibroblast (RASF) proliferation, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β production by THP-1 macrophages. Possible immunogenic proteins in UuLAMPs were identified. Methods RASFs were cultured from synovial tissue from donors with RA. Serum samples from donors with/without RA and with/without U. urealyticum infection were used for immunogenicity analyses. THP-1 macrophages served as a model for synovial macrophages. TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels were assessed using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction; protein levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. UuLAMPs underwent separation and Western blot analyses. Results UuLAMPs (0.025–0.4 µg/ml) stimulated RASF proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels in THP-1 macrophages. Several immunogenic UuLAMPs were identified, but antibodies to a 25 kDa protein were only found in RA patients with U. urealyticum infection. Conclusions UuLAMPs might induce RASF proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in synovium from RA patients. A 25 kDa U. urealyticum protein might act as a cross-reactive antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Hui Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangtao Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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96
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Upregulated microRNA-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:296139. [PMID: 24151514 PMCID: PMC3789322 DOI: 10.1155/2013/296139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to screen for the miRNAs differently expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of RA, to further identify the expression of miR-155 in RA PBMC and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and to evaluate the function of miR-155 in RA-FLS. METHODS Microarray was used to screen for differentially expressed miRNAs in RA PBMC. miR-155 expression in PBMC and FLS of RA were identified by real-time PCR. Enforced overexpression and downexpression of miR-155 were used to investigate the function of miR-155 in RA-FLS. Expression of IKBKE which was previously identified as the actual target of miR-155 was examined by Western blot and real-time PCR in RA-FLS. RESULTS miR-155 levels were increased in both PBMC and FLS of RA and could be induced by TNF- α . Upregulation of miR-155 decreased MMP-3 levels and suppressed proliferation and invasion of RA-FLS. Inverse relationship between the expressions of miR-155 and the MMPs production-related protein IKBKE was found. CONCLUSION An inflammatory milieu may alter miRNA expression profiles in rheumatoid arthritis. miR-155 is upregulated in RA-FLS, and it may be a protective factor against the inflammatory effect in part by attenuating expression of IKBKE.
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YOON HAYONG, LEE EUNGYEONG, LEE HYUN, CHO INJIN, CHOI YUNJUNG, SUNG MYUNGSOON, YOO HANGYUL, YOO WANHEE. Kaempferol inhibits IL-1β-induced proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts and the production of COX-2, PGE2 and MMPs. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:971-7. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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98
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Audo R, Combe B, Hahne M, Morel J. The two directions of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine 2013; 63:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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99
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Li G, Liu D, Zhang Y, Qian Y, Zhang H, Guo S, Sunagawa M, Hisamitsu T, Liu Y. Celastrol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocyte invasion through suppression of TLR4/NF-κB-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68905. [PMID: 23861949 PMCID: PMC3701694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) is critical in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activator of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway play a critical role in RA-FLS invasion induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The present study aimed to explore the anti-invasive activity of celastrol on LPS-stimulated human RA-FLSs, and to elucidate the mechanism involved. We investigated the effect of celastrol on LPS-induced FLS migration and invasion as well as MMP expression and explored the upstream signal transduction. Results showed that celastrol suppressed LPS-stimulated FLS migration and invasion by inhibiting MMP-9 expression and activity. Furthermore, our results revealed that celastrol inhibited the transcriptional activity of MMP-9 by suppressing the binding activity of NF-κB in the MMP-9 promoter, and suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Administration of celastrol (0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) daily for 3 weeks in a collagen-induced arthritis rat model markedly alleviated the clinical signs, synovial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration of joints. In conclusion, celastrol might inhibit FLS migration and invasion induced by LPS by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB-mediated MMP-9 expression, providing a theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of RA with celastrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yayun Qian
- Institution of Combining Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institution of Combining Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institution of Combining Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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100
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Tadbir AA, Purshahidi S, Ebrahimi H, Khademi B, Malekzadeh M, Mardani M, Taghva M, Sardari Y. Serum level of MMP-3 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma--lack of association with clinico-pathological features. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4545-8. [PMID: 23167377 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MMP-3 is a proteolytic enzyme of the matrix metalloproteinase family. Protein degradation which is their fundamental action regulates different activities of tumor cell such as their growth, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis as well as their resistance to the immune system. AIM The aim of this study was to determine MMP-3 serum levels in patients with OSCC and investigate if they correlate with clinicopathological features. METHOD AND MATERIALS Using an ELISA kit, we assessed and compared the circulating levels of MMP-3 in blood serum of 45 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with 45 healthy control samples. RESULTS The serum MMP-3 level in OSCC patients was significantly higher (9.45±4.6 ng/ml) than healthy controls (5.9±3.6 ng/ml, p<0.001), especially in females and in older patients. However, there was no apparent correlation in serum MMP-3 concentration with the clinico-pathological features such as tumor location, stage, tumor size, nodal status, distant metastasis, histological grade and smoking. DISCUSSION This result suggests that the measurement of serum MMP-3 concentration might be helpful to diagnose OSCC but not to predict prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Andisheh Tadbir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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