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Rodrigue-Gervais IG, Labbé K, Dagenais M, Dupaul-Chicoine J, Champagne C, Morizot A, Skeldon A, Brincks EL, Vidal SM, Griffith TS, Saleh M. Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein cIAP2 protects against pulmonary tissue necrosis during influenza virus infection to promote host survival. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 15:23-35. [PMID: 24439895 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) are essential regulators of cell death and immunity. The corresponding contributions of IAPs to infectious disease outcomes are relatively unexplored. We find that mice deficient in cIAP2 exhibit increased susceptibility and mortality to influenza A virus infection. The lethality was not due to impaired antiviral immune functions, but rather because of death-receptor-induced programmed necrosis of airway epithelial cells that led to severe bronchiole epithelial degeneration, despite control of viral replication. Pharmacological inhibition of RIPK1 or genetic deletion of Ripk3, both kinases involved in programmed necrosis, rescued cIAP2-deficient mice from influenza-induced lethality. Genetic deletion of the death receptor agonists Fas ligand or TRAIL from the hematopoietic compartment also reversed the susceptibility of cIAP2-deficient mice. Thus, cIAP2-dependent antagonism of RIPK3-mediated programmed necrosis critically protects the host from influenza infection through maintenance of pulmonary tissue homeostasis rather than through pathogen control by the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine Labbé
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Maryse Dagenais
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | | | - Claudia Champagne
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Alexandre Morizot
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Alexander Skeldon
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Erik L Brincks
- Department of Urology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Silvia M Vidal
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- Department of Urology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Maya Saleh
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada.
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The use of plethysmography in determining the severity of lung pathology in a mouse model of minimally lethal influenza virus infection. Antiviral Res 2014; 108:10-3. [PMID: 24837607 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the impact on lung function, we assessed plethysmography parameters in a course of infection with mouse-adapted A/Pennsylvania/14/2010 (H3N2) influenza virus. Several parameters, represented by enhanced pause (penh) and ratio of inspiratory/expiratory time (Ti/Te), were observed that had early (1-7dpi) and robust changes regardless of virus challenge dose. Other parameters, characterized by tidal volume (TV), breathing frequency (freq) and end inspiratory pause (EIP), changed later (7-15dpi) during the course of infection and had a virus challenge dose effect. A third category of lung function parameters, such as peak inspiratory flow, had early, virus challenge-independent changes followed by later changes that were challenge dependent. These parameters changed in a similar manner after infection with a non-mouse adapted virus, although the time-course of many parameters was delayed somewhat when compared with mouse-adapted virus. Histopathological assessment of lung samples corresponded with changes in lung function parameters. This study demonstrates the utility of plethysmography in assessing disease in a mouse model of mild influenza virus infection.
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Le VL, Courtney CL, Steel J, Compans RW. Closely related influenza viruses induce contrasting respiratory tract immunopathology. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76708. [PMID: 24086762 PMCID: PMC3784437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The swine-origin H1N1 virus which emerged in 2009 resulted in the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Although the majority of infections were moderate, a significant proportion of infections were severe and characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary edema. We compared two isolates from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic; A/California/07/09 (CA/07) and A/Netherlands/602/09 (NL/602) viruses that share greater than 99% sequence identity. Though genetically similar, these viruses exhibit contrasting pathological effects. Mice that were infected with 800 plaque forming unit (PFU) of CA/07 virus rapidly lost weight, which was concurrent with detection of high pulmonary concentrations of MCP-1, MIG, IP-10 and TIMP-1. Initially, severe bronchiolar epithelial necrosis and acute respiratory distress was observed, followed by marked bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia. Mononuclear cell infiltration was initially localized to perivascular and peribronchiolar interstitium and then spread to adjacent alveoli. Infiltrating cells were phenotypically CD11bhi, F4/80lo. In contrast, when mice were infected with 800 PFU of NL/602 virus, minimal weight loss was observed, and concentrations of cytokines in the lung were significantly lower. Inflammation was primarily restricted to the bronchioles and perivascular interstitium with minimal spread to alveoli. Infiltrating cells include foamy macrophages and surface markers were characterized as CD11blo/-, F4/80hi. These two genetically similar viruses can be useful strains with which to investigate immune-regulatory determinants of pathogenesis of influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy L. Le
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VLL); (RWC)
| | - Cynthia L. Courtney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John Steel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard W. Compans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VLL); (RWC)
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Askovich PS, Sanders CJ, Rosenberger CM, Diercks AH, Dash P, Navarro G, Vogel P, Doherty PC, Thomas PG, Aderem A. Differential host response, rather than early viral replication efficiency, correlates with pathogenicity caused by influenza viruses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74863. [PMID: 24073225 PMCID: PMC3779241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses exhibit large, strain-dependent differences in pathogenicity in mammalian hosts. Although the characteristics of severe disease, including uncontrolled viral replication, infection of the lower airway, and highly inflammatory cytokine responses have been extensively documented, the specific virulence mechanisms that distinguish highly pathogenic strains remain elusive. In this study, we focused on the early events in influenza infection, measuring the growth rate of three strains of varying pathogenicity in the mouse airway epithelium and simultaneously examining the global host transcriptional response over the first 24 hours. Although all strains replicated equally rapidly over the first viral life-cycle, their growth rates in both lung and tracheal tissue strongly diverged at later times, resulting in nearly 10-fold differences in viral load by 24 hours following infection. We identified separate networks of genes in both the lung and tracheal tissues whose rapid up-regulation at early time points by specific strains correlated with a reduced viral replication rate of those strains. The set of early-induced genes in the lung that led to viral growth restriction is enriched for both NF-κB binding site motifs and members of the TREM1 and IL-17 signaling pathways, suggesting that rapid, NF-κB –mediated activation of these pathways may contribute to control of viral replication. Because influenza infection extending into the lung generally results in severe disease, early activation of these pathways may be one factor distinguishing high- and low-pathogenicity strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S. Askovich
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Catherine J. Sanders
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Carrie M. Rosenberger
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alan H. Diercks
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Pradyot Dash
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Garnet Navarro
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Peter C. Doherty
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Alan Aderem
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Vohwinkel CU, Vadász I. Influenza A matrix protein M2 downregulates CFTR: inhibition of chloride transport by a proton channel of the viral envelope. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 304:L813-6. [PMID: 23605001 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00091.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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