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Kinase-anchoring proteins in ciliary signal transduction. Biochem J 2021; 478:1617-1629. [PMID: 33909027 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Historically, the diffusion of chemical signals through the cell was thought to occur within a cytoplasmic soup bounded by the plasma membrane. This theory was predicated on the notion that all regulatory enzymes are soluble and moved with a Brownian motion. Although enzyme compartmentalization was initially rebuffed by biochemists as a 'last refuge of a scoundrel', signal relay through macromolecular complexes is now accepted as a fundamental tenet of the burgeoning field of spatial biology. A-Kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are prototypic enzyme-organizing elements that position clusters of regulatory proteins at defined subcellular locations. In parallel, the primary cilium has gained recognition as a subcellular mechanosensory organelle that amplifies second messenger signals pertaining to metazoan development. This article highlights advances in our understanding of AKAP signaling within the primary cilium and how defective ciliary function contributes to an increasing number of diseases known as ciliopathies.
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Colombe AS, Pidoux G. Cardiac cAMP-PKA Signaling Compartmentalization in Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040922. [PMID: 33923648 PMCID: PMC8073060 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, cAMP signaling plays a key role in the regulation of cardiac function. Activation of this intracellular signaling pathway mirrors cardiomyocyte adaptation to various extracellular stimuli. Extracellular ligand binding to seven-transmembrane receptors (also known as GPCRs) with G proteins and adenylyl cyclases (ACs) modulate the intracellular cAMP content. Subsequently, this second messenger triggers activation of specific intracellular downstream effectors that ensure a proper cellular response. Therefore, it is essential for the cell to keep the cAMP signaling highly regulated in space and time. The temporal regulation depends on the activity of ACs and phosphodiesterases. By scaffolding key components of the cAMP signaling machinery, A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) coordinate both the spatial and temporal regulation. Myocardial infarction is one of the major causes of death in industrialized countries and is characterized by a prolonged cardiac ischemia. This leads to irreversible cardiomyocyte death and impairs cardiac function. Regardless of its causes, a chronic activation of cardiac cAMP signaling is established to compensate this loss. While this adaptation is primarily beneficial for contractile function, it turns out, in the long run, to be deleterious. This review compiles current knowledge about cardiac cAMP compartmentalization under physiological conditions and post-myocardial infarction when it appears to be profoundly impaired.
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Curcumin induces mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing cyclic AMP levels via phosphodiesterase 4A inhibition in skeletal muscle. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1642-1650. [PMID: 33551001 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that curcumin potentially induces mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle via increasing cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. However, the regulatory mechanisms for this phenomenon remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the mechanism by which curcumin activates cAMP-related signalling pathways that upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in skeletal muscle. METHODS The effect of curcumin treatment (i.p., 100 mg/kg-BW/d for 28 d) on mitochondrial biogenesis was determined in rats. The effects of curcumin and exercise (swimming for 2 h/d for 3 d) on the cAMP signalling pathway were determined in the absence and presence of phosphodiesterase (PDE) or protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors. Mitochondrial respiration, citrate synthase (CS) activity, cAMP content and protein expression of cAMP/PKA signalling molecules were analysed. RESULTS Curcumin administration increased cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COX-IV) protein expression, and CS and complex I activity, consistent with the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis by curcumin. Mitochondrial respiration was not altered by curcumin treatment. Curcumin and PDE inhibition tended to increase cAMP levels with or without exercise. In addition, exercise increased the phosphorylation of phosphodiesterase 4A (PDE4A), whereas curcumin treatment strongly inhibited PDE4A phosphorylation regardless of exercise. Furthermore, curcumin promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and PPAR gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) deacetylation. Inhibition of PKA abolished the phosphorylation of AMPK. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that curcumin increases cAMP levels via inhibition of PDE4A phosphorylation, which induces mitochondrial biogenesis through a cAMP/PKA/AMPK signalling pathway. Our data also suggest the possibility that curcumin utilises a regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial biogenesis that is distinct from the exercise-induced mechanism in skeletal muscle.
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Kotrasová V, Keresztesová B, Ondrovičová G, Bauer JA, Havalová H, Pevala V, Kutejová E, Kunová N. Mitochondrial Kinases and the Role of Mitochondrial Protein Phosphorylation in Health and Disease. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020082. [PMID: 33498615 PMCID: PMC7912454 DOI: 10.3390/life11020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The major role of mitochondria is to provide cells with energy, but no less important are their roles in responding to various stress factors and the metabolic changes and pathological processes that might occur inside and outside the cells. The post-translational modification of proteins is a fast and efficient way for cells to adapt to ever changing conditions. Phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that signals these changes and propagates these signals throughout the whole cell, but it also changes the structure, function and interaction of individual proteins. In this review, we summarize the influence of kinases, the proteins responsible for phosphorylation, on mitochondrial biogenesis under various cellular conditions. We focus on their role in keeping mitochondria fully functional in healthy cells and also on the changes in mitochondrial structure and function that occur in pathological processes arising from the phosphorylation of mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kotrasová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Barbora Keresztesová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Ondrovičová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Jacob A. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Henrieta Havalová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Vladimír Pevala
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Eva Kutejová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Nina Kunová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (N.K.)
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Abstract
The field of cAMP signaling is witnessing exciting developments with the recognition that cAMP is compartmentalized and that spatial regulation of cAMP is critical for faithful signal coding. This realization has changed our understanding of cAMP signaling from a model in which cAMP connects a receptor at the plasma membrane to an intracellular effector in a linear pathway to a model in which cAMP signals propagate within a complex network of alternative branches and the specific functional outcome strictly depends on local regulation of cAMP levels and on selective activation of a limited number of branches within the network. In this review, we cover some of the early studies and summarize more recent evidence supporting the model of compartmentalized cAMP signaling, and we discuss how this knowledge is starting to provide original mechanistic insight into cell physiology and a novel framework for the identification of disease mechanisms that potentially opens new avenues for therapeutic interventions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: cAMP mediates the intracellular response to multiple hormones and neurotransmitters. Signal fidelity and accurate coordination of a plethora of different cellular functions is achieved via organization of multiprotein signalosomes and cAMP compartmentalization in subcellular nanodomains. Defining the organization and regulation of subcellular cAMP nanocompartments is necessary if we want to understand the complex functional ramifications of pharmacological treatments that target G protein-coupled receptors and for generating a blueprint that can be used to develop precision medicine interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Zerio
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel J Lobo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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56
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Ognjenovic NB, Bagheri M, Mohamed GA, Xu K, Chen Y, Mohamed Saleem MA, Brown MS, Nagaraj SH, Muller KE, Gerber SA, Christensen BC, Pattabiraman DR. Limiting Self-Renewal of the Basal Compartment by PKA Activation Induces Differentiation and Alters the Evolution of Mammary Tumors. Dev Cell 2020; 55:544-557.e6. [PMID: 33120014 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy utilizes our understanding of the hierarchy of cellular systems to pharmacologically induce a shift toward terminal commitment. While this approach has been a paradigm in treating certain hematological malignancies, efforts to translate this success to solid tumors have met with limited success. Mammary-specific activation of PKA in mouse models leads to aberrant differentiation and diminished self-renewing potential of the basal compartment, which harbors mammary repopulating cells. PKA activation results in tumors that are more benign, exhibiting reduced metastatic propensity, loss of tumor-initiating potential, and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy. Analysis of tumor histopathology revealed features of overt differentiation with papillary characteristics. Longitudinal single-cell profiling at the hyperplasia and tumor stages uncovered an altered path of tumor evolution whereby PKA curtails the emergence of aggressive subpopulations. Acting through the repression of SOX4, PKA activation promotes tumor differentiation and represents a possible adjuvant to chemotherapy for certain breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena B Ognjenovic
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Meisam Bagheri
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Gadisti Aisha Mohamed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Youdinghuan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Meredith S Brown
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Shivashankar H Nagaraj
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kristen E Muller
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Scott A Gerber
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Diwakar R Pattabiraman
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
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Bucko PJ, Garcia I, Manocha R, Bhat A, Wordeman L, Scott JD. Gravin-associated kinase signaling networks coordinate γ-tubulin organization at mitotic spindle poles. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13784-13797. [PMID: 32732289 PMCID: PMC7535905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogenic signals that regulate cell division often proceed through multienzyme assemblies within defined intracellular compartments. The anchoring protein Gravin restricts the action of mitotic kinases and cell-cycle effectors to defined mitotic structures. In this report we discover that genetic deletion of Gravin disrupts proper accumulation and asymmetric distribution of γ-tubulin during mitosis. We utilize a new precision pharmacology tool, Local Kinase Inhibition, to inhibit the Gravin binding partner polo-like kinase 1 at spindle poles. Using a combination of gene-editing approaches, quantitative imaging, and biochemical assays, we provide evidence that disruption of local polo-like kinase 1 signaling underlies the γ-tubulin distribution defects observed with Gravin loss. Our study uncovers a new role for Gravin in coordinating γ-tubulin recruitment during mitosis and illuminates the mechanism by which signaling enzymes regulate this process at a distinct subcellular location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Bucko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Irvin Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ridhima Manocha
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Akansha Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Linda Wordeman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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58
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Dyla M, Kjaergaard M. Intrinsically disordered linkers control tethered kinases via effective concentration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21413-21419. [PMID: 32817491 PMCID: PMC7474599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006382117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase specificity is crucial to the fidelity of signaling pathways, yet many pathways use the same kinases to achieve widely different effects. Specificity arises in part from the enzymatic domain but also from the physical tethering of kinases to their substrates. Such tethering can occur via protein interaction domains in the kinase or via anchoring and scaffolding proteins and can drastically increase the kinetics of phosphorylation. However, we do not know how such intracomplex reactions depend on the link between enzyme and substrate. Here we show that the kinetics of tethered kinases follow a Michaelis-Menten-like dependence on effective concentration. We find that phosphorylation kinetics scale with the length of the intrinsically disordered linkers that join the enzyme and substrate but that the scaling differs between substrates. Steady-state kinetics can only partially predict rates of tethered reactions as product release may obscure the rate of phosphotransfer. Our results suggest that changes in signaling complex architecture not only enhance the rates of phosphorylation reactions but may also alter the relative substrate usage. This suggests a mechanism for how scaffolding proteins can allosterically modify the output from a signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyla
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory) Partnership for Molecular Medicine, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Magnus Kjaergaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory) Partnership for Molecular Medicine, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Proteins in Memory, Danish National Research Foundation, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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59
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Liu H, Perumal N, Manicam C, Mercieca K, Prokosch V. Proteomics Reveals the Potential Protective Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide on Retinal Ganglion Cells in an Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Animal Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090213. [PMID: 32867129 PMCID: PMC7557839 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a potent neurotransmitter and has been proven to protect RGCs against glaucomatous injury in vitro and in vivo. This study is to provide an overall insight of H2S’s role in glaucoma pathophysiology. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12) by elevating intraocular pressure to 55 mmHg for 60 min. Six of the animals received intravitreal injection of H2S precursor prior to the procedure and the retina was harvested 24 h later. Contralateral eyes were assigned as control. RGCs were quantified and compared within the groups. Retinal proteins were analyzed via label-free mass spectrometry based quantitative proteomics approach. The pathways of the differentially expressed proteins were identified by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). H2S significantly improved RGC survival against I/R in vivo (p < 0.001). In total 1115 proteins were identified, 18 key proteins were significantly differentially expressed due to I/R and restored by H2S. Another 11 proteins were differentially expressed following H2S. IPA revealed a significant H2S-mediated activation of pathways related to mitochondrial function, iron homeostasis and vasodilation. This study provides first evidence of the complex role that H2S plays in protecting RGC against I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhan Liu
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (N.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Natarajan Perumal
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (N.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (N.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Karl Mercieca
- Royal Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WH, UK;
| | - Verena Prokosch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-1703862250
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60
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Bernier LP, Bohlen CJ, York EM, Choi HB, Kamyabi A, Dissing-Olesen L, Hefendehl JK, Collins HY, Stevens B, Barres BA, MacVicar BA. Nanoscale Surveillance of the Brain by Microglia via cAMP-Regulated Filopodia. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2895-2908.e4. [PMID: 31167136 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the brain's immune cells, maintain homeostasis and sense pathological changes by continuously surveying the parenchyma with highly motile large processes. Here, we demonstrate that microglia also use thin actin-dependent filopodia that allow fast nanoscale sensing within discrete regions. Filopodia are distinct from large processes by their size, speed, and regulation mechanism. Increasing cyclic AMP (cAMP) by activating norepinephrine Gs-coupled receptors, applying nitric oxide, or inhibiting phosphodiesterases rapidly increases filopodia but collapses large processes. Alternatively, Gi-coupled P2Y12 receptor activation collapses filopodia but triggers large processes extension with bulbous tips. Similar control of cytoskeletal dynamics and microglial morphology by cAMP is observed in ramified primary microglia, suggesting that filopodia are intrinsically generated sensing structures. Therefore, nanoscale surveillance of brain parenchyma by microglia requires localized cAMP increases that drive filopodia formation. Shifting intracellular cAMP levels controls the polarity of microglial responses to changes in brain homeostasis and alters the scale of immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Philippe Bernier
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Christopher J Bohlen
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elisa M York
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hyun B Choi
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alireza Kamyabi
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lasse Dissing-Olesen
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jasmin K Hefendehl
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hannah Y Collins
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Beth Stevens
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ben A Barres
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian A MacVicar
- University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Vasconcelos M, Stein DJ, Gallas-Lopes M, Landau L, de Almeida RMM. Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor signaling and modulation: implications for stress response and resilience. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2020; 42:195-206. [PMID: 32696892 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In addition to their role in regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and its related peptides, the urocortins, are important mediators of physiological and pathophysiological processes of the central nervous, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, reproductive, and skin systems. Altered regulation of CRF-mediated adaptive responses to various stressful stimuli disrupts healthy function and might confer vulnerability to several disorders, including depression and anxiety. Methodology This narrative review was conducted through search and analysis of studies retrieved from online databases using a snowball method. Results This review covers aspects beginning with the discovery of CRF, CRF binding protein and their actions via interaction with CRF receptors type 1 and type 2. These are surface plasma membrane receptors, activation of which is associated with conformational changes and interaction with a variety of G-proteins and signaling pathways. We also reviewed the pharmacology and mechanisms of the receptor signaling modulatory activity of these receptors. Conclusion This review compiles and presents knowledge regarding the CRFergic system, including CRF related peptides, CRF binding protein, and CRF receptors, as well as some evidence that is potentially indicative of the biological roles of these entities in several physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailton Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dirson J Stein
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luane Landau
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria M de Almeida
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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62
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Okuda K, Højgaard K, Privitera L, Bayraktar G, Takeuchi T. Initial memory consolidation and the synaptic tagging and capture hypothesis. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 54:6826-6849. [PMID: 32649022 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Everyday memories are retained automatically in the hippocampus and then decay very rapidly. Memory retention can be boosted when novel experiences occur shortly before or shortly after the time of memory encoding via a memory stabilization process called "initial memory consolidation." The dopamine release and new protein synthesis in the hippocampus during a novel experience are crucial for this novelty-induced memory boost. The mechanisms underlying initial memory consolidation are not well-understood, but the synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis provides a conceptual basis of synaptic plasticity events occurring during initial memory consolidation. In this review, we provide an overview of the STC hypothesis and its relevance to dopaminergic signalling, in order to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying initial memory consolidation in the hippocampus. We summarize electrophysiological STC processes based on the evidence from two-pathway experiments and a behavioural tagging hypothesis, which translates the STC hypothesis into a related behavioural hypothesis. We also discuss the function of two types of molecules, "synaptic tags" and "plasticity-related proteins," which have a crucial role in the STC process and initial memory consolidation. We describe candidate molecules for the roles of synaptic tag and plasticity-related proteins and interpret their candidacy based on evidence from two-pathway experiments ex vivo, behavioural tagging experiments in vivo and recent cutting-edge optical imaging experiments. Lastly, we discuss the direction of future studies to advance our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the STC process, which are critical for initial memory consolidation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okuda
- Department of Biomedicine, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Højgaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lucia Privitera
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gülberk Bayraktar
- Department of Biomedicine, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomonori Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedicine, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Impaired iloprost-induced platelet inhibition and phosphoproteome changes in patients with confirmed pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia, linked to genetic mutations in GNAS. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11389. [PMID: 32647264 PMCID: PMC7347634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP Ia) suffer from hormonal resistance and abnormal postural features, in a condition classified as Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) syndrome. This syndrome is linked to a maternally inherited mutation in the GNAS complex locus, encoding for the GTPase subunit Gsα. Here, we investigated how platelet phenotype and omics analysis can assist in the often difficult diagnosis. By coupling to the IP receptor, Gsα induces platelet inhibition via adenylyl cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). In platelets from seven patients with suspected AHO, one of the largest cohorts examined, we studied the PKA-induced phenotypic changes. Five patients with a confirmed GNAS mutation, displayed impairments in Gsα-dependent VASP phosphorylation, aggregation, and microfluidic thrombus formation. Analysis of the platelet phosphoproteome revealed 2,516 phosphorylation sites, of which 453 were regulated by Gsα-PKA. Common changes in the patients were: (1) a joint panel of upregulated and downregulated phosphopeptides; (2) overall PKA dependency of the upregulated phosphopeptides; (3) links to key platelet function pathways. In one patient with GNAS mutation, diagnosed as non-AHO, the changes in platelet phosphoproteome were reversed. This combined approach thus revealed multiple phenotypic and molecular biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis of suspected PHP Ia.
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Qasim H, McConnell BK. AKAP12 Signaling Complex: Impacts of Compartmentalizing cAMP-Dependent Signaling Pathways in the Heart and Various Signaling Systems. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016615. [PMID: 32573313 PMCID: PMC7670535 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome, represented as an impairment in ventricular filling and myocardial blood ejection. As such, heart failure is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. With a mortality rate of 1 per 8 individuals and a prevalence of 6.2 million Americans, it has been projected that heart failure prevalence will increase by 46% by 2030. Cardiac remodeling (a general determinant of heart failure) is regulated by an extensive network of intertwined intracellular signaling pathways. The ability of signalosomes (molecular signaling complexes) to compartmentalize several cellular pathways has been recently established. These signalosome signaling complexes provide an additional level of specificity to general signaling pathways by regulating the association of upstream signals with downstream effector molecules. In cardiac myocytes, the AKAP12 (A-kinase anchoring protein 12) scaffolds a large signalosome that orchestrates spatiotemporal signaling through stabilizing pools of phosphatases and kinases. Predominantly upon β-AR (β2-adrenergic-receptor) stimulation, the AKAP12 signalosome is recruited near the plasma membrane and binds tightly to β-AR. Thus, one major function of AKAP12 is compartmentalizing PKA (protein kinase A) signaling near the plasma membrane. In addition, it is involved in regulating desensitization, downregulation, and recycling of β-AR. In this review, the critical roles of AKAP12 as a scaffold protein in mediating signaling downstream GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptor) are discussed with an emphasis on its reported and potential roles in cardiovascular disease initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Qasim
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of HoustonTX
| | - Bradley K. McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of HoustonTX
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Bucko PJ, Scott JD. Drugs That Regulate Local Cell Signaling: AKAP Targeting as a Therapeutic Option. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 61:361-379. [PMID: 32628872 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-022420-112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to environmental cues by mobilizing signal transduction cascades that engage protein kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases. Correct organization of these enzymes in space and time enables the efficient and precise transmission of chemical signals. The cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A is compartmentalized through its association with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). AKAPs are a family of multivalent scaffolds that constrain signaling enzymes and effectors at subcellular locations to drive essential physiological events. More recently, it has been recognized that defective signaling in certain endocrine disorders and cancers proceeds through pathological AKAP complexes. Consequently, pharmacologically targeting these macromolecular complexes unlocks new therapeutic opportunities for a growing number of clinical indications. This review highlights recent findings on AKAP signaling in disease, particularly in certain cancers, and offers an overview of peptides and small molecules that locally regulate AKAP-binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Bucko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA; ,
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA; ,
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Moreno-Corona NC, Lopez-Ortega O, Flores Hermenegildo JM, Berron-Ruiz L, Rodriguez-Alba JC, Santos-Argumedo L, Lopez-Herrera G. Lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor acts as a cAMP-dependent protein kinase anchoring protein in B cells. Scand J Immunol 2020; 92:e12922. [PMID: 32592188 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) protein was initially described as a monogenetic cause for common variable immune deficiency, a syndrome characterized by low levels of B cells, defects in memory B cell differentiation and hypogammaglobulinaemia. LRBA was identified as an LPS up-regulated gene in B cells, macrophages and T cells. LRBA weighs 320 kDa and has 2863 amino acids. Its sequence contains multiple domains, suggesting that LRBA can act as a scaffolding protein. It contains two putative binding sites for cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA) regulatory subunits, suggesting this protein can act as A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP); however, physical interactions involving LRBA and PKA have not been demonstrated to date, and functional roles for such interactions are unexplored. In this work, we investigated physical interactions involving LRBA with regulatory subunits of PKA in human B cell lines and primary human B cells. PKA is a holoenzyme composed of two regulatory subunits, which can be RIα, RIβ, RIIα or RIIβ, and two catalytic subunits, Cα or Cβ. We co-immunoprecipitated LRBA using Ramos B cell lymphoma cells and observed that LRBA interacts with RIIβ. Interestingly, St-Ht31, an inhibitory peptide that disrupts AKAP interactions with regulatory subunits, reduced the amount of interacting protein. Furthermore, in primary human B cells, LRBA was induced after CD40L and IL-4 stimulation, and under such activation, we found that LRBA interacts with RIIα and RIIβ, suggesting that LRBA acts as an AKAP and binds RII subunits. Interestingly, we also identified that LRBA interacts with activation-induced cytidine deaminase in primary B cells, suggesting that it is involved in B cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Carolina Moreno-Corona
- Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigacion en Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Orestes Lopez-Ortega
- Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Mizael Flores Hermenegildo
- Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigacion en Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Berron-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigacion en Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Alba
- Unidad de Citometria de Flujo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Gabriela Lopez-Herrera
- Unidad de Investigacion en Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
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Melatonin enhances atherosclerotic plaque stability by inducing prolyl-4-hydroxylase α1 expression. J Hypertens 2020; 37:964-971. [PMID: 30335670 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melatonin, an endogenous neurohormone secreted predominately by the pineal gland, has a variety of physiological functions. However, its protective role in atherosclerosis is not clear. In this study, we sought to investigate the potential effects of melatonin in modulating atherosclerotic plaque stability in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE) mice. METHOD AND RESULTS Smooth muscle cells were treated with melatonin, which significantly increased mRNA and protein levels of a key intracellular enzyme essential for collagen maturation and secretion, prolyl-4-hydroxylase α1 (P4Hα1). Mechanistically, melatonin increased Akt phosphorylation and transcriptional activation of specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which bound with the P4Hα1 promoter and then induced P4Hα1 expression. Pretreatment with either Akt inhibitor LY294002 or Sp1 inhibitor mithramycin A (MTM) could inhibit melatonin-induced P4Hα1 expression. Finally, atherosclerotic lesions were induced by placing a perivascular collar on the right common carotid artery of ApoE mice, which were received with or without different doses of melatonin or MTM. High-dose melatonin enhanced atherosclerotic plaque stability in ApoE mice in vivo by inducing the expression of P4Hα1, which was reversed by MTM. CONCLUSION We propose that melatonin supplementation may provide a novel and promising approach to atherosclerosis treatment.
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Begum S, Gorman H, Chadha A, Chadee K. Role of inflammasomes in innate host defense against Entamoeba histolytica. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:801-812. [PMID: 32498132 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0420-465r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal amebiasis is the disease caused by the extracellular protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) that induces a dynamic and heterogeneous interaction profile with the host immune system during disease pathogenesis. In 90% of asymptomatic infection, Eh resides with indigenous microbiota in the outer mucus layer of the colon without prompting an immune response. However, for reasons that remain unclear, in a minority of the Eh-infected individuals, this fine tolerated relationship is switched to a pathogenic phenotype and advanced to an increasingly complex host-parasite interaction. Eh disease susceptibility depends on parasite virulence factors and their interactions with indigenous bacteria, disruption of the mucus bilayers, and adherence to the epithelium provoking host immune cells to evoke a robust pro-inflammatory response mediated by inflammatory caspases and inflammasome activation. To understand Eh pathogenicity and innate host immune responses, this review highlights recent advances in our understanding of how Eh induces outside-in signaling via Mϕs to activate inflammatory caspases and inflammasome to regulate pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Begum
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hayley Gorman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Attinder Chadha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Huang F, Ma G, Zhou X, Zhu X, Yu X, Ding F, Cao X, Liu Z. Depletion of LAMP3 enhances PKA-mediated VASP phosphorylation to suppress invasion and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 479:100-111. [PMID: 32200035 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is still a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) has been implicated in the invasiveness and metastasis of multiple cancer types; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we found that LAMP3 was overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and that this increased expression positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Depletion of LAMP3 dramatically suppressed the motility of ESCC cells in vitro and experimental pulmonary and lymph node metastasis in vivo. Importantly, knockdown of LAMP3 increased the level of phosphorylated VASP(Ser239), which attenuated the invasive and metastatic capability of ESCC cells. We identified that cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) was responsible for the phosphorylation of VASP at Ser239. Consistently, silencing of PKA regulatory subunits diminished Ser239 phosphorylation on VASP and restored the motility capacity of LAMP3-depleted ESCC cells. In conclusion, we uncovered a previously unknown role of LAMP3 in promoting cellular motility and metastasis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Gang Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xuantong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Wu Y, Li Y, Liu J, Chen M, Li W, Chen Y, Xu M. The diagnostic value of extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA) in serum for gastric and colorectal cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:3870-3878. [PMID: 35117754 PMCID: PMC8797401 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background For the biomarkers of cancer, many chromosomal and genetic alterations have been examined as possible. However, some tumors do not display a clear molecular and genetic signature. While there are some cellular processes regulated by second messenger intracellular pathways indeed involved in carcinogenesis. The first intracellular second messenger was described as cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) play a crucial role in several biological processes; The dysregulation of PKA-mediated signaling in several types of cancer should be investigated. More interesting, the alpha catalytic subunit of PKA (PKACα) could be secreted into the conditioned medium by different types of cancer cells, and it also existed in the serum of some cancer patients, defined as extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA). Methods The levels of serum PKACα from healthy people, gastric cancer and colon cancer patients were detected by ELISA kits. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of PKACα in cancer tissue and the adjacent mucosa. Mann-Whitney test was applied to analyze the patients’ characteristics and serum PKACα. ROC analyses were performed to further evaluate the utility of PKACα in cancer diagnosis. The correlation of serum PKACα and T stage, age, and tumor markers were analyzed by Spearman rank and Pearson correlation analysis, respectively. Results There were significant differences of PKACα in serum between the volunteers and the gastric cancers (P<0.01), but not the colorectal cancers (P>0.05). ROC analyses evaluated the utility of PKACα for gastric cancer with 61.90% sensitivities and 87.50% specificities. The serum PKACα was correlated with tumor marker CA50, while there was no significant difference of PKACα expression between the gastric/colorectal cancer tissue and the adjacent mucosa. Conclusions The above results implied that PKACα levels might be a potential biomarker for the early screening of gastric cancers. Moreover, further research is still needed to investigate the role of secreted PKACα and the regulatory mechanism in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yafang Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junqiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongchang Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Xu HB, Tang ZQ, Wang J, Kong PS. Z-guggulsterone regulates MDR1 expression mainly through the pregnane X receptor-dependent manner in human brain microvessel endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 874:173023. [PMID: 32087256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently studies showed that pregnane X receptor (PXR) was expressed in human brain microvessel endothelial cells and coordinately induced multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) expression. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of Z-guggulsterone on MDR1 in human brain microvessel endothelial cells, and explored whether it involved modulation of PXR. The results showed that Z-guggulsterone (30 μM) simultaneously inhibited the expression of PXR and MDR1 at 24 h in human brain-derived microvessel endothelial cells (hBDMECs). Meanwhile, the levels of PXR and MDR1 expression were simultaneously reduced in PXR siRNA-transfected hBDMECs; MDR-1 siRNA-transfected hBDMECs showed significant decrease in MDR1 expression, but no change in PXR expression. Furthermore, Z-guggulsterone inhibited the activation of PXR in hBDMECs through decreasing the release of cAMP/PKA. Z-guggulsterone reduced the co-activator SRC-1 expression in hBDMECs, as to prevent the activation of MDR1 gene transcription. In addition, Z-guggulsterone (30 μM) at 24 h significantly inhibited the expression of human constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) protein in hBDMECs. However, after treatment with Z-guggulsterone (≤30 μM), the level of MDR1 reporter gene activity was lower in human PXR-transfected cells than that in human CAR-transfected cells. The inhibition effect of Z-guggulsterones on MDR1 reporter gene activation was gradually enhanced with the increase of human PXR to CAR ratio, which was greater extent than that with the increase of human CAR to hPXR ratio. The present study suggested that Z-guggulsterone down-regulating the efflux function and expression of MDR1 in hBDMECs might be mainly through the PXR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Xu
- Department of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhao-Qi Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping-Shi Kong
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Chen R, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Zou X, Sun Q, Lin H, Chen X, Liu M, Deng Z, Yao Y, Guo D, Zhang Y. Cx43 and AKAP95 regulate G1/S conversion by competitively binding to cyclin E1/E2 in lung cancer cells. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1594-1602. [PMID: 32338437 PMCID: PMC7262948 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to overexpress or silence connexin 43 (Cx43) and A‐kinase anchoring protein 95 (AKAP95) in human A549 cells to explore their effects on cyclins and on G1/S conversion when the interrelationship of Cx43, AKAP95, and cyclin E1/E2 changes. Methods The study mainly used Western blot analysis and Co‐immuno precipitation to detect the target protein in Cx43/AKAP95 over expressed human A549 cells, and the relationship of proteins Cx43, AKAP95 and Cyclin E during G1‐S phase was explored with qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results The overexpression of Cx43 inhibited the expression of cyclin D1 and E1 by accelerating their degradation and reduced the Cdk2 activity that blocked the DNA transcription activity. However, the overexpression of AKAP95 increased the expression of cyclin D1 and E1 and inhibited their degradation, and enhanced the Cdk2 activity that promoted the DNA transcription activity. Cx43 and AKAP95 competitively bound to cyclin E1/E2, and the competitive binding affected the Cdk2 activity, Rb phosphorylation, DNA transcription activity, and G1/S conversion. Conclusions This study showed that the expression of ERK1/2, PKA, and PKB increased when BEAS‐2B cells were treated with PDGF‐BB, suggesting that ERK1/2, PKA, and PKB might be involved in the binding of AKAP95 with cyclin E, or the separation of AKAP95 from Cx43 from cyclin E1/E2. The specific mechanism underlying this process still needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- Henan provincial Clinical Research Center for Perinatal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingda Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zifeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Youliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dongbei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Sussman CR, Wang X, Chebib FT, Torres VE. Modulation of polycystic kidney disease by G-protein coupled receptors and cyclic AMP signaling. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109649. [PMID: 32335259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a systemic disorder associated with polycystic liver disease (PLD) and other extrarenal manifestations, the most common monogenic cause of end-stage kidney disease, and a major burden for public health. Many studies have shown that alterations in G-protein and cAMP signaling play a central role in its pathogenesis. As for many other diseases (35% of all approved drugs target G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) or proteins functioning upstream or downstream from GPCRs), treatments targeting GPCR have shown effectiveness in slowing the rate of progression of ADPKD. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist is the first drug approved by regulatory agencies to treat rapidly progressive ADPKD. Long-acting somatostatin analogs have also been effective in slowing the rates of growth of polycystic kidneys and liver. Although no treatment has so far been able to prevent the development or stop the progression of the disease, these encouraging advances point to G-protein and cAMP signaling as a promising avenue of investigation that may lead to more effective and safe treatments. This will require a better understanding of the relevant GPCRs, G-proteins, cAMP effectors, and of the enzymes and A-kinase anchoring proteins controlling the compartmentalization of cAMP signaling. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of general GPCR signaling; the function of polycystin-1 (PC1) as a putative atypical adhesion GPCR (aGPCR); the roles of PC1, polycystin-2 (PC2) and the PC1-PC2 complex in the regulation of calcium and cAMP signaling; the cross-talk of calcium and cAMP signaling in PKD; and GPCRs, adenylyl cyclases, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, and protein kinase A as therapeutic targets in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Sussman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Fouad T Chebib
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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Choi D, Kang W, Park T. Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Undecane on Mast Cells and Keratinocytes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071554. [PMID: 32231089 PMCID: PMC7181119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical roles of keratinocytes and resident mast cells in skin allergy and inflammation have been highlighted in many studies. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the intracellular second messenger, has also recently emerged as a target molecule in the immune reaction underlying inflammatory skin conditions. Here, we investigated whether undecane, a naturally occurring plant compound, has anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities on sensitized rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) mast cells and HaCaT keratinocytes and we further explored the potential involvement of the cAMP as a molecular target for undecane. We confirmed that undecane increased intracellular cAMP levels in mast cells and keratinocytes. In sensitized mast cells, undecane inhibited degranulation and the secretion of histamine and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In addition, in sensitized keratinocytes, undecane reversed the increased levels of p38 phosphorylation, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity and target cytokine/chemokine genes, including thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). These results suggest that undecane may be useful for the prevention or treatment of skin inflammatory disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, and other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taesun Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-221-233-123; Fax: +82-236-531-18
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Manoury B, Idres S, Leblais V, Fischmeister R. Ion channels as effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways: Functional relevance for arterial tone regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107499. [PMID: 32068004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Manoury
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sarah Idres
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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76
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Argyrousi EK, Heckman PRA, Prickaerts J. Role of cyclic nucleotides and their downstream signaling cascades in memory function: Being at the right time at the right spot. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:12-38. [PMID: 32044374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of studies indicate the important role of cAMP and cGMP cascades in neuronal plasticity and memory function. As a result, altered cyclic nucleotide signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of mnemonic dysfunction encountered in several diseases. In the present review we provide a wide overview of studies regarding the involvement of cyclic nucleotides, as well as their upstream and downstream molecules, in physiological and pathological mnemonic processes. Next, we discuss the regulation of the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides via phosphodiesterases, the enzymes that degrade cAMP and/or cGMP, and via A-kinase-anchoring proteins that refine signal compartmentalization of cAMP signaling. We also provide an overview of the available data pointing to the existence of specific time windows in cyclic nucleotide signaling during neuroplasticity and memory formation and the significance to target these specific time phases for improving memory formation. Finally, we highlight the importance of emerging imaging tools like Förster resonance energy transfer imaging and optogenetics in detecting, measuring and manipulating the action of cyclic nucleotide signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elentina K Argyrousi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
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77
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Tschaikner P, Enzler F, Torres-Quesada O, Aanstad P, Stefan E. Hedgehog and Gpr161: Regulating cAMP Signaling in the Primary Cilium. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010118. [PMID: 31947770 PMCID: PMC7017137 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalization of diverse types of signaling molecules contributes to the precise coordination of signal propagation. The primary cilium fulfills this function by acting as a spatiotemporally confined sensory signaling platform. For the integrity of ciliary signaling, it is mandatory that the ciliary signaling pathways are constantly attuned by alterations in both oscillating small molecules and the presence or absence of their sensor/effector proteins. In this context, ciliary G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways participate in coordinating the mobilization of the diffusible second messenger molecule 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). cAMP fluxes in the cilium are primarily sensed by protein kinase A (PKA) complexes, which are essential for the basal repression of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Here, we describe the dynamic properties of underlying signaling circuits, as well as strategies for second messenger compartmentalization. As an example, we summarize how receptor-guided cAMP-effector pathways control the off state of Hh signaling. We discuss the evidence that a macromolecular, ciliary-localized signaling complex, composed of the orphan GPCR Gpr161 and type I PKA holoenzymes, is involved in antagonizing Hh functions. Finally, we outline how ciliary cAMP-linked receptor pathways and cAMP-sensing signalosomes may become targets for more efficient combinatory therapy approaches to counteract dysregulation of Hh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Tschaikner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.T.); (F.E.); (O.T.-Q.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Florian Enzler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.T.); (F.E.); (O.T.-Q.)
| | - Omar Torres-Quesada
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.T.); (F.E.); (O.T.-Q.)
| | - Pia Aanstad
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Eduard Stefan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.T.); (F.E.); (O.T.-Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-507-57531; Fax: +43-512-507-57599
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78
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Zou T, Liu J, She L, Chen J, Zhu T, Yin J, Li X, Li X, Zhou H, Liu Z. A perspective profile of ADCY1 in cAMP signaling with drug-resistance in lung cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:6848-6857. [PMID: 31839819 PMCID: PMC6909948 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenylate cyclase 1 (ADCY1 or AC1) is a member of ADCY superfamily and was primarily found to be expressed in the brain. ADCY1 is responsible for catalyzing ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP). As a secondary messenger, cAMP can regulate plenty of cellular activities. cAMP can perform its regulation in cellular transport through the binding to cAMP dependent protein kinases (PKAs), cAMP-activated guanine exchange factors (EPACs) and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels functioning in transduction of sensory signals (CNGs). Lung cancer is one of the leading factors of cancer-related death worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for advanced lung cancer patients. In addition, surgical treatment, radiation treatment, and molecular targeted therapy are also therapeutic options for lung cancer patients in clinical settings. However, drug resistance and toxicity are the major obstacles that affect chemotherapy outcome and prognosis of lung cancer patients. And the therapeutic efficiency and adverse effects are varying with each individual. In recent years, investigations based on genetic sequencing have revealed the emerging role of ADCY1 mutations in affecting drug efficiency in various cancers such as lung cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer. The potential function of ADCY1 in chemotherapy resistance is of great importance to be noticed and investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Li She
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province
| | - Juan Chen
- Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China. Department of pharmacy, Xiangya hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Jiye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.China
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79
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The modulatory effects of the PDE4 inhibitors CHF6001 and roflumilast in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue from COPD patients. Cytokine 2019; 123:154739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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80
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Hydralazine targets cAMP-dependent protein kinase leading to sirtuin1/5 activation and lifespan extension in C. elegans. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4905. [PMID: 31659167 PMCID: PMC6817882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic activation of mitochondrial function has been suggested as an effective strategy to combat aging. Hydralazine is an FDA-approved drug used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure and cancer. Hydralazine has been recently shown to promote lifespan in C. elegans, rotifer and yeast through a mechanism which has remained elusive. Here we report cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) as the direct target of hydralazine. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrate a mechanism in which binding and stabilization of a catalytic subunit of PKA by hydralazine lead to improved mitochondrial function and metabolic homeostasis via the SIRT1/SIRT5 axis, which underlies hydralazine's prolongevity and stress resistance benefits. Hydralazine also protects mitochondrial metabolism and function resulting in restoration of health and lifespan in C. elegans under high glucose and other stress conditions. Our data also provide new insights into the mechanism(s) that explain various other known beneficial effects of hydralazine.
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81
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Pinter A, Beigel F, Körber A, Homey B, Beissert S, Gerdes S, Staubach-Renz P, Radtke MA, Mössner R. [Gastrointestinal side effects of apremilast : Characterization and management]. Hautarzt 2019; 70:354-362. [PMID: 30937481 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-019-4396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Apremilast is an oral inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) that is licensed for the second-line treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Data from several phase III clinical trials and real-world studies showed a good benefit-risk profile, with diarrhea and nausea as the most common adverse events. Diarrhea and nausea most frequently occurred during the first month of treatment. In most cases, they were mild or moderate in severity and tended to resolve over time with continued dosing and without intervention. In this review we summarize available data on gastrointestinal side effects of apremilast in patients with psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis and provide practical strategies for managing these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pinter
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt a. M., Frankfurt a. M., Deutschland
| | - Florian Beigel
- Medizinische Klinik II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Deutschland
| | | | - Bernhard Homey
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Stefan Beissert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Universitäts-Hautklinik, Campus Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Deutschland
| | | | | | - Rotraut Mössner
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland.
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82
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Mewes M, Lenders M, Stappers F, Scharnetzki D, Nedele J, Fels J, Wedlich-Söldner R, Brand SM, Schmitz B, Brand E. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) regulates calcium signaling in the vascular endothelium. FASEB J 2019; 33:13762-13774. [PMID: 31585052 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900724r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium acts as a selective barrier between the bloodstream and extravascular tissues. Intracellular [Ca2+]i signaling is essential for vasoactive agonist-induced stimulation of endothelial cells (ECs), typically including Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although it is known that interactions of Ca2+ and cAMP as ubiquitous messengers are involved in this process, the individual contribution of cAMP-generating adenylyl cyclases (ACs), including the only soluble AC (sAC; ADCY10), remains less clear. Using life-cell microscopy and plate reader-based [Ca2+]i measurements, we found that human immortalized ECs, primary aortic and cardiac microvascular ECs, and primary vascular smooth muscle cells treated with sAC-specific inhibitor KH7 or anti-sAC-small interfering RNA did not show endogenous or exogenous ATP-induced [Ca2+]i elevation. Of note, a transmembrane AC (tmAC) inhibitor did not prevent ATP-induced [Ca2+]i elevation in ECs. Moreover, l-phenylephrine-dependent constriction of ex vivo mouse aortic ring segments was also reduced by KH7. Analysis of the inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) pathway revealed reduced IP3 receptor phosphorylation after KH7 application, which also prevented [Ca2+]i elevation induced by IP3 receptor agonist adenophostin A. Our results suggest that sAC rather than tmAC controls the agonist-induced ER-dependent Ca2+ response in ECs and may represent a treatment target in arterial hypertension and heart failure.-Mewes, M., Lenders, M., Stappers, F., Scharnetzki, D., Nedele, J., Fels, J., Wedlich-Söldner, R., Brand, S.-M., Schmitz, B., Brand, E. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) regulates calcium signaling in the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Mewes
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Malte Lenders
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Franciska Stappers
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - David Scharnetzki
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johanna Nedele
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johannes Fels
- Institute for Cell Dynamics and Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Toxicology and Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Roland Wedlich-Söldner
- Institute for Cell Dynamics and Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan-Martin Brand
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Boris Schmitz
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Eva Brand
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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83
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Silvagni E, Bortoluzzi A, Ciancio G, Govoni M. Biological and synthetic target DMARDs in psoriatic arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104473. [PMID: 31585178 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic multi-faceted immune-mediated systemic disorder, characterized by articular, cutaneous, enthesis, nail and spine involvement. Articular manifestations of PsA are particularly common and highly disabling for patients, while the heterogeneous clinical subsets of the disease are challenging for clinicians. In recent years, research has made many advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease from genetic, epigenetic and molecular points of view. New drugs are now available for the treatment of this condition, and, in particular, TNF-alfa inhibitors, historically the first biologicals approved in PsA, are now juxtaposed by new biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) with different modes of action. Targeting IL-12/IL-23 p40 common subunit with ustekinumab, IL-17A with secukinumab and ixekizumab, T cells co-stimulation with abatacept, is now possible, safe and effective. Moreover, targeted synthetic molecules with oral administration are available, with the possibility to interfere with phosphodiesterase-4 and JAK/STAT pathways. Indeed, new drugs are under development, with the possibility to target selectively IL-17 receptor, IL-23, and other key molecular targets in the pathogenesis of this condition. In this narrative review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the current application of biological and targeted synthetic DMARDs in the field of PsA, with particular regard to the clinical significance of this possibility to target a higher number of distinct immune-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Silvagni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bortoluzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciancio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Marcello Govoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
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84
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Sharma H, Lather V, Grewal AS, Pandita D. Synthesis, Anti-inflammatory Activity and Docking Studies of Some Newer 1,3-Thiazolidine-2,4-dione Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of PDE4 and PDE7. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 15:225-234. [PMID: 30280674 DOI: 10.2174/1573409914666181003151528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) and phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7), PDE superfamily members, increase inflammatory processes in immunomodulatory as well as pro-inflammatory cells via breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Dual inhibitors of PDE4 and PDE7 are a novel class of drug candidates which can regulate pro-inflammatory as well as T-cell function and can be particularly advantageous in the treatment of a wide-ranging disorders associated with the immune system as well as inflammatory diseases with fewer unwanted adverse effects. OBJECTIVE The current research work was planned to design and synthesize some newer substituted 1,3- thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as dual inhibitors of PDE4 and PDE7 followed by evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity and in silico docking studies. METHODS A new series of substituted 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives was synthesized followed by evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity in animal models. In silico docking studies were performed for the evaluation of the binding pattern of synthesized derivatives in the binding site of both PDE4 and PDE7 proteins. RESULTS Amongst the newly synthesized derivatives, compounds 5 and 12 showed higher antiinflammatory activity in the animal model. The results of in vivo animal studies were found to be in concordance with the results of molecular docking studies. CONCLUSION These newly synthesized derivatives can act as the lead molecules for the design of safe and therapeutically effective agents for various inflammatory diseases acting via inhibition of both PDE4 and PDE7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sharma
- Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Viney Lather
- Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India.,Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Patiala 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Pandita
- Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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85
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Keerthy HK, Mohan S, Basappa, Bharathkumar H, Rangappa S, Svensson F, Bender A, Mohan CD, Rangappa KS, Bhatnagar R. Triazole-Pyridine Dicarbonitrile Targets Phosphodiesterase 4 to Induce Cytotoxicity in Lung Carcinoma Cells. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900234. [PMID: 31287204 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a key enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and widely expressed in several types of cancers. The inhibition of PDE4 results in an increased concentration of intracellular cAMP levels that imparts the anti-inflammatory response in the target cells. In the present report, two series of triazolo-pyridine dicarbonitriles and substituted dihydropyridine dicarbonitriles were synthesized using green protocol (TBAB in refluxed water). We next evaluated the title compounds for their cytotoxicity towards lung cancer (A549) cells and identified 7'-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5'-oxo-1',5'-dihydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine]-6',8'-dicarbonitrile (5h) and 7'-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5'-oxo-1',5'-dihydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine]-6',8'-dicarbonitrile (5j) as lead analogs with the IC50 values of 15.2 and 24.1 μm, respectively. Furthermore, all the new compounds were tested for PDE4 inhibitory activity and 5j showed relatively good inhibitory activity towards PDE4 with inhibition of 50.9 % at 10 μm. In silico analysis demonstrated the favorable interaction of the title compounds with the target enzyme. Taken together, the present study introduces a new scaffold for the development of novel PDE4 inhibitors to fight against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosadurga K Keerthy
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Post Graduate Studies and Research, St. Agnes College, Bendur, Mangalore, 575002, India.,Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Surender Mohan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore, 560001, India.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, India
| | - Hanumantharayappa Bharathkumar
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore, 560001, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, BG Nagara, 571448, Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District, India
| | - Fredrick Svensson
- Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Bender
- Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rakesh Bhatnagar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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86
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Undheim K. cAMPS derivatives. A minireview over synthetic medicinal chemistry. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103152. [PMID: 31419644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleosides belonging to the cAMPS system can exert antagonistic or agonistic effects on the cAMP/PKA type 1 inhibitory pathway affecting T-lymphocyte replications. The stereochemistry at the phosphorus atom in the phosphate group is important for the expressed selectivity. The two stereoisomers at the phosphorus atom in the phosphate arise by selective replacements of one of the oxygens pendant from the phosphorus atom by a sulfur atom. Methods for the preparation of cAMPS derivatives as stereochemical mixtures at the phosphorus atom and separation of stereoisomers have been developed into highly stereoselective syntheses. Methods for halogenation in the purine 8-position afford corresponding halides. Heteronucleophilic substitution of the halides afford corresponding amines, ethers or sulfides. Transition metal catalysis for carbylation of the 8-halides affords simple and efficient routes for the preparation of 8-aryl, 8-hetaryl or 8-alkyl cAMPS derivatives. Preparations of prodrugs for improved cell membrane penetration are described. The prodrugs are S-alkylated derivatives which are constructed for selective cleavage of the SP bond by an esterase to regenerate the bioactive cAMPS species at the site of the desired action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Undheim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
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87
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Neuronal cAMP/PKA Signaling and Energy Homeostasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1090:31-48. [PMID: 30390284 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1286-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The brain plays a key role in the regulation of body weight and glucose metabolism. Peripheral signals including hormones, metabolites, and neural afferent signals are received and processed by the brain which in turn elicits proper behavioral and metabolic responses for maintaining energy and glucose homeostasis. The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway acts downstream G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) to mediate the physiological effects of many hormones and neurotransmitters. Activated PKA phosphorylates various proteins including ion channels, enzymes, and transcription factors and regulates their activity. Recent studies have shown that neuronal cAMP/PKA activity in multiple brain regions are involved in the regulation of feeding, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis. In this chapter I summarize recent genetic and pharmacological studies concerning the regulation of body weight and glucose homeostasis by cAMP/PKA signaling in the brain.
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Reverte-Salisa L, Sanyal A, Pfeifer A. Role of cAMP and cGMP Signaling in Brown Fat. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 251:161-182. [PMID: 29633180 DOI: 10.1007/164_2018_117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cold-induced activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is mediated by norepinephrine and adenosine that are released during sympathetic nerve activation. Both signaling molecules induce an increase in intracellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in murine and human BAT. In brown adipocytes, cAMP plays a central role, because it activates lipolysis, glucose uptake, and thermogenesis. Another well-studied intracellular second messenger is 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which closely resembles cAMP. Several studies have shown that intact cGMP signaling is essential for normal adipogenic differentiation and BAT-mediated thermogenesis in mice. This chapter highlights recent observations, demonstrating the physiological significance of cyclic nucleotide signaling in BAT as well as their potential to induce browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Reverte-Salisa
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Abhishek Sanyal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Andermatten RB, Ciriaci N, Schuck VS, Di Siervi N, Razori MV, Miszczuk GS, Medeot AC, Davio CA, Crocenzi FA, Roma MG, Barosso IR, Sánchez Pozzi EJ. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2/adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A pathway is involved in taurolithocholate-induced internalization of Abcc2 in rats. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2279-2294. [PMID: 31300867 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Taurolithocholate (TLC) is a cholestatic bile salt that induces disinsertion of the canalicular transporter Abcc2 (Mrp2, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2). This internalization is mediated by different intracellular signaling proteins such as PI3K, PKCε and MARCK but the initial receptor of TLC remains unknown. A few G protein-coupled receptors interact with bile salts in hepatocytes. Among them, sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) represents a potential initial receptor for TLC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of this receptor and its downstream effectors in the impairment of Abcc2 function induced by TLC. In vitro, S1PR2 inhibition by JTE-013 or its knockdown by small interfering RNA partially prevented the decrease in Abcc2 activity induced by TLC. Moreover, adenylyl cyclase (AC)/PKA and PI3K/Akt inhibition partially prevented TLC effect on canalicular transporter function. TLC produced PKA and Akt activation, which were blocked by JTE-013 and AC inhibitors, connecting S1PR2/AC/PKA and PI3K/Akt in a same pathway. In isolated perfused rat liver, injection of TLC triggered endocytosis of Abcc2 that was accompanied by a sustained decrease in the bile flow and the biliary excretion of the Abcc2 substrate dinitrophenyl-glutathione until the end of the perfusion period. S1PR2 or AC inhibition did not prevent the initial decay, but they accelerated the recovery of these parameters and the reinsertion of Abcc2 into the canalicular membrane. In conclusion, S1PR2 and the subsequent activation of AC, PKA, PI3K and Akt is partially responsible for the cholestatic effects of TLC through sustained internalization of Abcc2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Belén Andermatten
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Nadia Ciriaci
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Virginia Soledad Schuck
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Di Siervi
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Valeria Razori
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gisel Sabrina Miszczuk
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Anabela Carolina Medeot
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alberto Davio
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Ariel Crocenzi
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Gabriel Roma
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ismael Ricardo Barosso
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Enrique Juan Sánchez Pozzi
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE) (CONICET-U.N.R.), Suipacha 570, S2002LRL, Rosario, Argentina.
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The Association of the Long Prostate Cancer Expressed PDE4D Transcripts to Poor Patient Outcome Depends on the Tumour's TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion Status. Prostate Cancer 2019; 2019:8107807. [PMID: 31275657 PMCID: PMC6582815 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8107807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the added value of assessing transcripts for the long cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) isoforms, PDE4D5 and PDE4D9, regarding the prognostic power of the ‘CAPRA & PDE4D7' combination risk model to predict longitudinal postsurgical biological outcomes in prostate cancer. Patients and Methods RNA was extracted from both biopsy punches of resected tumours (606 patients; RP cohort) and diagnostic needle biopsies (168 patients; DB cohort). RT-qPCR was performed in order to determine PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 transcript scores in both study cohorts. By RNA sequencing, we determined the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion status of each tumour sample in the RP cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were then applied to correlate the PDE4D5, PDE4D7 and PDE4D9 scores with postsurgical patient outcomes. Logistic regression was then used to combine the clinical CAPRA score with PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 scores in order to build a ‘CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9' regression model. ROC and decision curve analysis was used to estimate the net benefit of the ‘CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9' risk model. Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, on the RP cohort, revealed a significant association of the PDE4D7 score with postsurgical biochemical recurrence (BCR) in the presence of the TMPRSS2-ERG gene rearrangement (logrank p<0.0001), compared to the absence of this gene fusion event (logrank p=0.08). In contrast, the PDE4D5 score was only significantly associated with BCR in TMPRSS2-ERG fusion negative tumours (logrank p<0.0001 vs. logrank p=0.4 for TMPRSS2-ERG+ tumours). This was similar for the PDE4D9 score although less pronounced compared to that of the PDE4D5 score (TMPRSS2ERG- logrank p<0.0001 vs. TMPRSS2ERG+ logrank p<0.005). In order to predict BCR after primary treatment, we undertook ROC analysis of the logistic regression combination model of the CAPRA score with the PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 scores. For the DB cohort, this demonstrated significant differences in the AUC between the CAPRA and the PDE4D5/7/9 regression model vs. the CAPRA and PDE4D7 risk model (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.82; p=0.049) vs. the CAPRA score alone (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.77; p=0.005). The CAPRA and PDE4D5/7/9 risk model stratified 19.2% patients of the DB cohort to either ‘no risk of biochemical relapse' (NPV 100%) or the ‘start of any secondary treatment (NPV 100%)', over a follow-up period of up to 15 years. Decision curve analysis presented a clear, net benefit for the use of the novel CAPRA & PDE4D5/7/9 risk model compared to the clinical CAPRA score alone or the CAPRA and PDE4D7 model across all decision thresholds. Conclusion Association of the long PDE4D5, PDE4D7, and PDE4D9 transcript scores to prostate cancer patient outcome, after primary intervention, varies in opposite directions depending on the TMPRSS2-ERG genomic fusion background of the tumour. Adding transcript scores for the long PDE4D isoforms, PDE4D5 and PDE4D9, to our previously presented combination risk model of the combined ‘CAPRA & PDE4D7' score, in order to generate the CAPRA and PDE4D5/7/9 score, significantly improves the prognostic power of the model in predicting postsurgical biological outcomes in prostate cancer patients.
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Zhao Y, Kan FWK. Human OVGP1 enhances tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in the fibrous sheath involving AKAP3 and increases sperm-zona binding. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1363-1377. [PMID: 31254143 PMCID: PMC6642236 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate if the recombinant human oviduct-specific glycoprotein (rHuOVGP1)–enhanced tyrosine-phosphorylated (pY) proteins are components of specific structure(s) of the sperm tail and if rHuOVGP1 binds to the oocyte and enhances sperm-egg binding. Methods Immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy were performed to examine the localization of pY proteins, outer dense fiber (ODF), and A-Kinase Associated Protein 3 (AKAP3) in human sperm during capacitation. Western blot and immunoprecipitation were employed to analyze protein levels of pY proteins and AKAP3. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to examine the binding of rHuOVGP1 to human oocytes. The effect of rHuOVGP1 on enhancing sperm-zona binding was examined using hemizona assay. Results pY proteins were detected mainly in the fibrous sheath (FS) surrounding the ODF with a relatively weak immunoreaction in the neck and mid-piece. Western blot analysis revealed co-migration of the pY 105 kDa protein with AKAP3, which was further confirmed by immunoprecipitation correlating immunofluorescent results of co-localization of pY proteins with AKAP3 in the sperm tail. rHuOVGP1 binds specifically to the zona pellucida (ZP) of human oocytes. Prior incubation of sperm and/or ZP with rHuOVGP1 increased sperm-egg binding. Conclusions The present study revealed that one of the major rHuOVGP1-enhanced pY proteins could be AKAP3 of the FS and that rHuOVGP1 is capable of binding to human ZP and its presence in the medium results in an increase in sperm-zona binding. Supplement of rHuOVGP1 in in vitro fertilization media could be beneficial for enhancement of the fertilizing ability of human sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Frederick W K Kan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Caza M, Kronstad JW. The cAMP/Protein Kinase a Pathway Regulates Virulence and Adaptation to Host Conditions in Cryptococcus neoformans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:212. [PMID: 31275865 PMCID: PMC6592070 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient sensing is critical for adaptation of fungi to environmental and host conditions. The conserved cAMP/PKA signaling pathway contributes to adaptation by sensing the availability of key nutrients such as glucose and directing changes in gene expression and metabolism. Interestingly, the cAMP/PKA pathway in fungal pathogens also influences the expression of virulence determinants in response to nutritional and host signals. For instance, protein kinase A (PKA) in the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans plays a central role in orchestrating phenotypic changes, such as capsule elaboration and melanin production, that directly impact disease development. In this review, we focus first on insights into the role of the cAMP/PKA pathway in nutrient sensing for the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to provide a foundation for understanding the pathway in C. neoformans. We then discuss key features of cAMP/PKA signaling in C. neoformans including new insights emerging from the analysis of transcriptional and proteomic changes in strains with altered PKA activity and expression. Finally, we highlight recent studies that connect the cAMP/PKA pathway to cell surface remodeling and the formation of titan cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Caza
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James W Kronstad
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Small-molecule allosteric activators of PDE4 long form cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13320-13329. [PMID: 31209056 PMCID: PMC6613170 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1822113116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) enzymes degrade cAMP and underpin the compartmentalization of cAMP signaling through their targeting to particular protein complexes and intracellular locales. We describe the discovery and characterization of a small-molecule compound that allosterically activates PDE4 long isoforms. This PDE4-specific activator displays reversible, noncompetitive kinetics of activation (increased V max with unchanged K m), phenocopies the ability of protein kinase A (PKA) to activate PDE4 long isoforms endogenously, and requires a dimeric enzyme assembly, as adopted by long, but not by short (monomeric), PDE4 isoforms. Abnormally elevated levels of cAMP provide a critical driver of the underpinning molecular pathology of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) by promoting cyst formation that, ultimately, culminates in renal failure. Using both animal and human cell models of ADPKD, including ADPKD patient-derived primary cell cultures, we demonstrate that treatment with the prototypical PDE4 activator compound lowers intracellular cAMP levels, restrains cAMP-mediated signaling events, and profoundly inhibits cyst formation. PDE4 activator compounds thus have potential as therapeutics for treating disease driven by elevated cAMP signaling as well as providing a tool for evaluating the action of long PDE4 isoforms in regulating cAMP-mediated cellular processes.
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94
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Ramírez-Sarmiento CA. "Riddle Me This": Substrate Channeling Solves the Paradigms of cAMP-Dependent Activation of PKA. Biophys J 2019. [PMID: 28636902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- César A Ramírez-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine, and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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WITHDRAWN: The modulatory effects of the PDE4 inhibitors CHF6001 and roflumilast in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue from COPD patients. Cytokine X 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2019.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Urizar-Arenaza I, Osinalde N, Akimov V, Puglia M, Candenas L, Pinto FM, Muñoa-Hoyos I, Gianzo M, Matorras R, Irazusta J, Blagoev B, Subiran N, Kratchmarova I. Phosphoproteomic and Functional Analyses Reveal Sperm-specific Protein Changes Downstream of Kappa Opioid Receptor in Human Spermatozoa. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:S118-S131. [PMID: 30622161 PMCID: PMC6427232 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the seven transmembrane receptor superfamily that transduce signals via G proteins in response to external stimuli to initiate different intracellular signaling pathways which culminate in specific cellular responses. The expression of diverse GPCRs at the plasma membrane of human spermatozoa suggests their involvement in the regulation of sperm fertility. However, the signaling events downstream of many GPCRs in spermatozoa remain uncharacterized. Here, we selected the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) as a study model and applied phosphoproteomic approach based on TMT labeling and LC-MS/MS analyses. Quantitative coverage of more than 5000 proteins with over 3500 phosphorylation sites revealed changes in the phosphorylation levels of sperm-specific proteins involved in the regulation of the sperm fertility in response to a specific agonist of KOR, U50488H. Further functional studies indicate that KOR could be involved in the regulation of sperm fertile capacity by modulation of calcium channels. Our findings suggest that human spermatozoa possess unique features in the molecular mechanisms downstream of GPCRs which could be key regulators of sperm fertility and improved knowledge of these specific processes may contribute to the development of useful biochemical tools for diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Urizar-Arenaza
- From the ‡Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 49840;; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, 48903
| | - Nerea Osinalde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain, 01006
| | - Vyacheslav Akimov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 5320
| | - Michele Puglia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 5320
| | - Luz Candenas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain, 41092
| | | | - Iraia Muñoa-Hoyos
- From the ‡Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 49840;; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, 48903
| | - Marta Gianzo
- From the ‡Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 49840;; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, 48903
| | - Roberto Matorras
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, 48903
| | - Jon Irazusta
- From the ‡Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 49840
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 5320
| | - Nerea Subiran
- From the ‡Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 49840;; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain, 48903;.
| | - Irina Kratchmarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 5320;.
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Creating a potential diagnostic for prostate cancer risk stratification (InformMDx™) by translating novel scientific discoveries concerning cAMP degrading phosphodiesterase-4D7 (PDE4D7). Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:269-286. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20180519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Increased PSA-based screening for prostate cancer has resulted in a growing number of diagnosed cases. However, around half of these are ‘indolent’, neither metastasizing nor leading to disease specific death. Treating non-progressing tumours with invasive therapies is currently regarded as unnecessary over-treatment with patients being considered for conservative regimens, such as active surveillance (AS). However, this raises both compliance and protocol issues. Great clinical benefit could accrue from a biomarker able to predict long-term patient outcome accurately at the time of biopsy and initial diagnosis. Here we delineate the translation of a laboratory discovery through to the precision development of a clinically validated, novel prognostic biomarker assay (InformMDx™). This centres on determining transcript levels for phosphodiesterase-4D7 (PDE4D7), an enzyme that breaks down cyclic AMP, a signalling molecule intimately connected with proliferation and androgen receptor function. Quantifiable detection of PDE4D7 mRNA transcripts informs on the longitudinal outcome of post-surgical disease progression. The risk of post-surgical progression increases steeply for patients with very low ‘PDE4D7 scores’, while risk decreases markedly for those patients with very high ‘PDE4D7 scores’. Combining clinical risk variables, such as the Gleason or CAPRA (Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment) score, with the ‘PDE4D7 score’ further enhances the prognostic power of this personalized, precision assessment. Thus the ‘PDE4D7 score’ has the potential to define, more effectively, appropriate medical intervention/AS strategies for individual prostate cancer patients.
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Greenwald EC, Mehta S, Zhang J. Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Biosensors Illuminate the Spatiotemporal Regulation of Signaling Networks. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11707-11794. [PMID: 30550275 PMCID: PMC7462118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over 25 years ago enabled the development of a diverse array of genetically encodable fluorescent biosensors that are capable of measuring the spatiotemporal dynamics of signal transduction pathways in live cells. In an effort to encapsulate the breadth over which fluorescent biosensors have expanded, we endeavored to assemble a comprehensive list of published engineered biosensors, and we discuss many of the molecular designs utilized in their development. Then, we review how the high temporal and spatial resolution afforded by fluorescent biosensors has aided our understanding of the spatiotemporal regulation of signaling networks at the cellular and subcellular level. Finally, we highlight some emerging areas of research in both biosensor design and applications that are on the forefront of biosensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Greenwald
- University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BRFII , La Jolla , CA 92093-0702 , United States
| | - Sohum Mehta
- University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BRFII , La Jolla , CA 92093-0702 , United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BRFII , La Jolla , CA 92093-0702 , United States
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Wang J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Xiang Z, Ding J, Han X. Microcystin-leucine arginine inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone synthesis in mice hypothalamus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:391-399. [PMID: 30064084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) causes serum testosterone declines and male reproductive disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathological changes are still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of MC-LR on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus. Our results demonstrated that MC-LR could enter GnRH neurons and inhibit GnRH synthesis, resulting in the decrease of serum GnRH and testosterone levels. The inhibitory effects of MC-LR on GnRH synthesis were identified to be associated with activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/c-Fos signaling pathway. With miRNA microarray analyses, we found that miR-329-3p was down-regulated most dramatically in MC-LR-treated GT1-7 cells. We then further identified that miR-329-3p regulated PRKAR1A and PRKACB expression and thus influenced GnRH synthesis. This is the first study to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of MC-LR on GnRH synthesis in the hypothalamus. Our data have provided a new perspective in the development of diagnosis and treatment strategies for male infertility as a result of dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhangpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Balta EA, Schäffner I, Wittmann MT, Sock E, von Zweydorf F, von Wittgenstein J, Steib K, Heim B, Kremmer E, Häberle BM, Ueffing M, Lie DC, Gloeckner CJ. Phosphorylation of the neurogenic transcription factor SOX11 on serine 133 modulates neuronal morphogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16196. [PMID: 30385877 PMCID: PMC6212486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intellectual disability gene, Sox11, encodes for a critical neurodevelopmental transcription factor with functions in precursor survival, neuronal fate determination, migration and morphogenesis. The mechanisms regulating SOX11’s activity remain largely unknown. Mass spectrometric analysis uncovered that SOX11 can be post-translationally modified by phosphorylation. Here, we report that phosphorylatable serines surrounding the high-mobility group box modulate SOX11’s transcriptional activity. Through Mass Spectrometry (MS), co-immunoprecipitation assays and in vitro phosphorylation assays followed by MS we verified that protein kinase A (PKA) interacts with SOX11 and phosphorylates it on S133. In vivo replacement of SoxC factors in developing adult-generated hippocampal neurons with SOX11 S133 phospho-mutants indicated that phosphorylation on S133 modulates dendrite development of adult-born dentate granule neurons, while reporter assays suggested that S133 phosphorylation fine-tunes the activation of select target genes. These data provide novel insight into the control of the critical neurodevelopmental regulator SOX11 and imply SOX11 as a mediator of PKA-regulated neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli-Anna Balta
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iris Schäffner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Wittmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sock
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix von Zweydorf
- DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia von Wittgenstein
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Steib
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Heim
- University of Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Martin Häberle
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- University of Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Chichung Lie
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christian Johannes Gloeckner
- DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,University of Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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