51
|
Cheng Y, Qi Y, Liu S, Di R, Shi Q, Li J, Pei C. C1q/TNF-related Protein 9 Inhibits High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Through the Activation of AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720962052. [PMID: 33040597 PMCID: PMC7784607 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720962052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) has been demonstrated to be associated with the progression of diabetes and relative complications. However, its role in DR and underlying action of mechanism are not yet well understood. In the present study, human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells were cultured under high concentration of glucose to simulate hyperglycemia condition in vitro. Our results showed that the expression of CTRP9 was significantly decreased in high glucose (HG)–stimulated ARPE-19 cells. CTRP9 overexpression improved HG-caused reduction in cell viability of ARPE-19 cells. CTRP9 overexpression significantly attenuated HG-induced oxidative stress, as proved by decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, CTRP9 also prevented apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells in response to HG stimulation with decreased caspse-3 activity and bax expression, as well as increased bcl-2 expression. In contrast, knockdown of CTRP9 aggravated HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Furthermore, CTRP9 significantly induced the activation of AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in HG-induced ARPE-19 cells. Notably, inhibiting AMPK or Nrf2 blocked the protective effect of CTRP9 on ARPE-19 cells exposed to HG stimulation. Taken together, our findings suggested a protective effect of CTRP9 on HG-induced ARPE-19 cells and a putative mechanism involving the activation of AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Siwei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Di
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Li H, Yang W, Wang Z, Wang X, Hao Y, Xi J, Lu H, Du Z, Feng J, Zhang B, Ma D. Computational research of mTORC1 inhibitor on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:19598-19613. [PMID: 34343111 PMCID: PMC8386574 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke contributes to more than 80% of all strokes and has the four characteristics of high prevalence, high disability, high mortality, and high recurrence. Stroke is a preventable and controllable disease. In addition to controlling the primary disease, effective prevention and control measures need to be given to the occurrence and development of stroke. With the development and progress of modern treatment methods for ischemic stroke, the mortality and disability rate have decreased significantly. At present, the main treatment methods for ischemic stroke include thrombolysis, thrombus removal at the ultra-early stage, and treatment of improving collateral circulation in the acute phase. However, the ultra-early and early blood reperfusion involves reperfusion injury, which will cause secondary nerve damage, which is called cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Studies have found that autophagy is involved in the entire process of CIRI and can reduce the damage of CIRI. The mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTORC1) is the primary signal pathway regulating autophagy. And the mTORC1 inhibitor, Rapamycin, has been proved to exert neuroprotective effects in the ultra-early and early cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Therefore, screening and designing mTORC1 inhibitors is very important to control reperfusion injury and reduce neuronal death and apoptosis. In this research, plenty of computer-assisted was applied to virtually screen and select potential mTORC1's inhibitors. We used Libdock to screen the structure and performed toxicity predictions, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) to predict small molecules' pharmacological and toxicological properties. To assess the binding mechanism and affinity between the mTORC1 dimer and the ligand, molecular docking was performed. Then, the pharmacophore of small molecules in the docking conformation with the protein was supplemented by Schrodinger. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to assess if the ligand-receptor complex was stable in a natural environment. Furthermore, an experiment was performed to verify the inhibitory effect of compound 1 and compound 2 on mTOR protein. All in all, the study provides a hand of candidate drugs as well as pharmacological properties, which can play an essential role in mTORC1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenzhuo Yang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulei Hao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianxin Xi
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Lu
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhishan Du
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Maiuolo J, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Scarano F, Coppoletta AR, Guarnieri L, Nucera S, Scicchitano M, Bosco F, Ruga S, Zito MC, Macri R, Cardamone A, Serra M, Mollace R, Tavernese A, Mollace V. Effects of Bergamot Polyphenols on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072476. [PMID: 34371986 PMCID: PMC8308586 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability in the Western world. In order to safeguard the structure and the functionality of the myocardium, it is extremely important to adequately support the cardiomyocytes. Two cellular organelles of cardiomyocytes are essential for cell survival and to ensure proper functioning of the myocardium: mitochondria and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondria are responsible for the energy metabolism of the myocardium, and regulate the processes that can lead to cell death. The sarcoplasmic reticulum preserves the physiological concentration of the calcium ion, and triggers processes to protect the structural and functional integrity of the proteins. The alterations of these organelles can damage myocardial functioning. A proper nutritional balance regarding the intake of macronutrients and micronutrients leads to a significant improvement in the symptoms and consequences of heart disease. In particular, the Mediterranean diet, characterized by a high consumption of plant-based foods, small quantities of red meat, and high quantities of olive oil, reduces and improves the pathological condition of patients with heart failure. In addition, nutritional support and nutraceutical supplementation in patients who develop heart failure can contribute to the protection of the failing myocardium. Since polyphenols have numerous beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, this review gathers what is known about the beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich bergamot fruit on the cardiovascular system. In particular, the role of bergamot polyphenols in mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic dysfunctions in diabetic cardiomyopathy is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Serra
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-327-475-8006
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Inhibition of Fibrotic Contraction by Sirolimus (Rapamycin) in an Ex Vivo Model of Thyroid Eye Disease. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 37:366-371. [PMID: 33237667 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by orbital inflammation and complicated by extraocular muscle fibrosis. Treatment with rapamycin/sirolimus has been reported to improve ocular motility and disease manifestations in TED. Whether this resulted from a primary antifibrotic effect on fibroblasts or was secondary to immune-suppression is unclear. METHODS In vitro contractility studies of primary orbital fibroblasts. Cells from patients with TED and controls were treated with rapamycin [mechanistic target of rapamycin an (mTOR) inhibitor] and MHY1485 (an mTOR stimulator) as well as inhibitors upstream in the same signaling cascade (saracatinib and befatinib). RESULTS At concentrations consistent with the therapeutic dosing range in humans, rapamycin/sirolimus significantly reduces fibrosis in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients and controls in vitro. This effect is separate from, and in addition to, its immune suppressive effect. mTOR-driven fibrotic activity is greater in TED-derived fibroblasts and can be blocked also upstream of mTOR by inhibition of src. There was no adverse effect on cell survival. CONCLUSION The authors present evidence for a direct antifibrotic effect of rapamycin/sirolimus in primary orbital fibroblasts. Targeting mTOR signaling presents a further and adjunctive treatment of TED alongside other immune-suppressive agents. By acting downstream of IGF1-R, sirolimus may offer a cost-effective alternative to teprotumumab therapy. Clinical case reports, now supplemented by this in vitro evidence, support the initiation of a clinical trial to treat the fibrotic sequelae of TED with this already-approved agent. Such an "off-the-shelf" therapy is a welcome prospect for TED treatment, particularly one available at a low price.
Collapse
|
55
|
Li Y, Huang Y, Cheng X, He Y, Hu X. Whole body hypoxic preconditioning-mediated multiorgan protection in db/db mice via nitric oxide-BDNF-GSK-3β-Nrf2 signaling pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:281-296. [PMID: 34187947 PMCID: PMC8255126 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of hypoxic preconditioning are abolished in the diabetes. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of repeated episodes of whole body hypoxic preconditioning (WBHP) in db/db mice. The protective effects of preconditioning were explored on diabetesinduced vascular dysfunction, cognitive impairment and ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced increase in myocardial injury. Sixteen-week old db/db (diabetic) and C57BL/6 (non-diabetic) mice were employed. There was a significant impairment in cognitive function (Morris Water Maze test), endothelial function (acetylcholineinduced relaxation in aortic rings) and a significant increase in IR-induced heart injury (Langendorff apparatus) in db/db mice. WBHP stimulus was given by exposing mice to four alternate cycles of low (8%) and normal air O2 for 10 min each. A single episode of WBHP failed to produce protection; however, two and three episodes of WBHP significantly produced beneficial effects on the heart, brain and blood vessels. There was a significant increase in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nitric oxide (NO) in response to 3 episodes of WBHP. Moreover, pretreatment with the BDNF receptor, TrkB antagonist (ANA-12) and NO synthase inhibitor (LNAME) attenuated the protective effects imparted by three episodes of WBHP. These pharmacological agents abolished WBHP-induced restoration of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β ratio and Nrf2 levels in IR-subjected hearts. It is concluded that repeated episodes of WHBP attenuate cognitive impairment, vascular dysfunction and enhancement in IRinduced myocardial injury in diabetic mice be due to increase in NO and BDNF levels that may eventually activate GSK-3β and Nrf2 signaling pathway to confer protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Li
- Cadre Ward the No.901 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Cadre Ward the No.901 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Cadre Ward the No.901 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Youjun He
- Cadre Ward the No.901 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xin Hu
- Cadre Ward the No.901 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Xu Y, Guo W, Zeng D, Fang Y, Wang R, Guo D, Qi B, Xue Y, Xue F, Jin Z, Li Y, Zhang M. Inhibiting miR-205 Alleviates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9986506. [PMID: 34306321 PMCID: PMC8263220 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9986506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-205 is important for oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. The roles of miR-205 in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain unknown. The aim of this research is to reveal whether miR-205 could regulate cardiac I/R injury by focusing upon the oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis. METHODS Levels of miR-205 and Rnd3 were examined in the hearts with I/R injury. Myocardial infarct size, cardiac function, oxidative stress, mitochondria function, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were detected in mice with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. The primary neonatal cardiomyocytes underwent hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate MI/R injury. RESULTS miR-205 levels were significantly elevated in cardiac tissues from I/R in comparison with those from Sham. In comparison with controls, levels of Rnd3 were significantly decreased in the hearts from mice with MI/R injury. Furthermore, inhibiting miR-205 alleviated MI/R-induced apoptosis, reduced infarct size, prevented oxidative stress increase and mitochondrial fragmentation, and improved mitochondrial functional capacity and cardiac function. Consistently, overexpression of miR-205 increased infarct size and promoted apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice with MI/R injury. In cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes, downregulation of miR-205 reduced oxidative stress in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Finally, inhibiting Rnd3 ablated the cardioprotective effects of miR-205 inhibitor in MI/R injury. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that inhibiting miR-205 reduces infarct size, improves cardiac function, and suppresses oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis by promoting Rnd3 in MI/R injury. miR-205 inhibitor-induced Rnd3 activation is a valid target to treat MI/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wangang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yexian Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runze Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingchao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yugang Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Guo Z, Zhao M, Jia G, Ma R, Li M. LncRNA PART1 alleviated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing miR-503-5p/BIRC5 mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Int J Cardiol 2021; 338:176-184. [PMID: 34082009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is crucial for heart development and for adult heart structural maintenance and function. Herein, we performed a study to explore the effect of lncRNA PART1 on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by targeting BIRC5 through miR-503-5p pathway. METHODS I/R model was created in vivo and vitro. The level of gene and protein was detected by RT-PCR and western blot. The apoptosis level was assessed by TUNEL and flow cytometry. Cell viability was determined by MTT. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by ATP content, ROS production, GSH level, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Cardiac function was confirmed by echocardiography, TTC staining, and H&E staining. RESULTS Here, we found that the expression of lncRNA PART1 was down-regulated in the I/R hearts and H/R cardiomyocytes. Forced expression of PART1 remitted cardiac I/RI and H/R cardiomyocyte injury. Silencing of PART1 aggravated apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes. We found that PART1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-503-5p, which decreased the expression of miR-503-5p. We further established BIRC5 as a target of miR-503-5p. Furthermore, PART1 prevented apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function in myocardial I/RI by targeting miR-503-5p/BIRC5. CONCLUSIONS In summary, PART1 protected mitochondrial function via miR-503-5p/BIRC5 pathway in MI/RI, which may provide the new theoretical basis for MI/RI treatment in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Guo
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Guowei Jia
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Meili Li
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Systematic Pharmacology Reveals the Antioxidative Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Resveratrol Intervention in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5515396. [PMID: 34093716 PMCID: PMC8163539 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5515396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms of resveratrol intervention in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods The potential targets of resveratrol were predicted by PharmMapper. The MIRI genes were collected by Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), GeneCards is used to collect related disease genes, and String is used for enrichment analysis. Animal experiments were then performed to verify the systematic pharmacological results. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe myocardial damage. The levels of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in each experimental group were detected. The protein and mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB) p65, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in rat myocardial tissue were measured. Results The results of systematic pharmacology showed that insulin resistance, FoxO signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and so on were regulated to improve MIRI. The results of animal experiments showed that the myocardial cells of the sham operation group were arranged in fibrous form, and the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury group had obvious cell morphology disorder. Compared with the MIRI group, the resveratrol group had a certain degree of relief. Compared with the MIRI group, serum IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the resveratrol group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and myocardial tissue TLR4, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA and protein expressions were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion Resveratrol can effectively improve MIRI, and its mechanism may be related to antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory.
Collapse
|
59
|
Dexmedetomidine postconditioning suppresses myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the SIRT1/mTOR axis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:224148. [PMID: 32406910 PMCID: PMC7253405 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) triggers a complicated chain of inflammatory reactions. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to be important in myocardial disorders. We evaluated the role of Dex in MI/R injury via the silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. First, Dex was immediately injected into rat models of MI/R injury during reperfusion. After Evans Blue-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) staining, MI/R injury was observed. The extracted serum and myocardial tissues were used to detect oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate MI/R autophagy and the levels of proteins associated with the SIRT1/mTOR axis. The effects of the combination of Dex and SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 on MI/R injury and autophagy were evaluated. Finally, the mechanism of Dex was tested, and autophagy levels and the levels of proteins associated with the SIRT1/mTOR signaling pathway were assessed in MI/R rats. The results of the present study suggested that Dex relieved MI/R injury, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, up-regulated the SIRT1/mTOR axis and decreased overautophagy in MI/R rats. SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 attenuated the protective effects of Dex. Our study demonstrated that Dex alleviated MI/R injury by activating the SIRT1/mTOR axis. This investigation may offer new insight into the treatment of MI/R injury.
Collapse
|
60
|
Chronic metformin treatment decreases cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress with improved mitochondrial function. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7828-7845. [PMID: 33746115 PMCID: PMC8034968 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging impairs mitochondrial function that leads to greater cardiac injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Cardiac endoplasm reticulum (ER) stress increases with age and contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug that protects cardiac mitochondria during acute ER stress. We hypothesized that metformin treatment would improve preexisting mitochondrial dysfunction in aged hearts by attenuating ER stress, followed by a decrease in cardiac injury during subsequent ischemia and reperfusion. Male young (3 mo.) and aged mice (24 mo.) received metformin (300 mg/kg/day) dissolved in drinking water with sucrose (0.2 g/100 ml) as sweetener for two weeks versus sucrose vehicle alone. Cytosol, subsarcolemmal (SSM), and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) were isolated. In separate groups, cardioprotection was evaluated using ex vivo isolated heart perfusion with 25 min. global ischemia and 60 min. reperfusion. Infarct size was measured. The contents of CHOP and cleaved ATF6 were decreased in metformin-treated 24 mo. mice compared to vehicle, supporting a decrease in ER stress. Metformin treatment improved OXPHOS in IFM in 24 mo. using a complex I substrate. Metformin treatment decreased infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, metformin feeding decreased cardiac injury in aged mice during ischemia-reperfusion by improving pre-ischemic mitochondrial function via inhibition of ER stress.
Collapse
|
61
|
Tian H, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Leng Y, Tao J, Li L, Qiu Z, Xia Z. Activation of NRF2/FPN1 pathway attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats by regulating iron homeostasis and ferroptosis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 27:149-164. [PMID: 35124772 PMCID: PMC8943074 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with ischemic heart disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can aggravate their condition even worse, and diabetes increases their risk of myocardial IRI. Pathological pathways of common diseases and surgical operations like diabetes, obesity, coronary artery angioplasty, and heart transplantation entail disorders of iron metabolism. Ferroportin1 (FPN1) is the only mammalian protein associated with iron release and thus plays a vital role in iron homeostasis, while nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) controls the transcription of FPN1. Since the NRF2/FPN1 pathway may play a favorable role in the therapy of diabetic myocardial IRI, this work investigated the possible mechanism. In this study, we investigated the effects of ferroptosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats following myocardial IRI in vivo, and its alteration in glucose and hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocytes injury in vitro. Rats and H9c2 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups and treated with sulforaphane and erastin besides the establishment of diabetic myocardial IRI and hyperglycemic hypoxia-reoxygenation models. Cardiac functional and structural damage were detected by Evans blue/TTC double staining, echocardiography, HE staining, and serological indices. CCK-8 assay and ROS production were used to measure cardiomyocyte viability and oxidative stress level. Additionally, the changes in cell supernatant levels of Fe2+, SOD, MDA, and mRNA and protein expression of ferroptosis marker proteins confirmed the beneficial effects of the NRF2/FPN1 pathway on diabetic myocardial IRI related to iron metabolism and ferroptosis. Overall, these findings suggest that iron homeostasis-related ferroptosis plays an important role in aggravating myocardial IRI in diabetic rats, and NRF2/FPN1 pathway-mediated iron homeostasis and ferroptosis might be a promising therapeutic target against myocardial IRI in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yonghong Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jie Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Akkaya H. Kisspeptin-10 Administration Regulates
mTOR and AKT Activities and Oxidative Stress in Mouse Cardiac Tissue. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
63
|
Wang L, Tang Y, He H, Wei W. Liraglutide restores late cardioprotective effects of remote preconditioning in diabetic rats via activation of hydrogen sulfide and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 36:e360207. [PMID: 33656046 PMCID: PMC7909944 DOI: 10.1590/acb360207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study explored the influence of liraglutide on remote preconditioning-mediated cardioprotection in diabetes mellitus along with the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). METHODS Streptozotocin was given to rats to induce diabetes mellitus and rats were kept for eight weeks. Four cycles of ischemia and reperfusion were given to hind limb to induce remote preconditioning. After 24 h, hearts were isolated and subjected to 30 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion on Langendorff system. Liraglutide was administered along with remote preconditioning. Cardiac injury was assessed by measuring the release of creatine kinase (CK-MB), cardiac troponin (cTnT) and development of left ventricular developed pressure. After ischemia-reperfusion, hearts were homogenized to measure the nuclear cytoplasmic ratio of Nrf2, H2S and HIF-1α levels. RESULTS In diabetic rats, there was more pronounced injury and the cardioprotective effects of remote preconditioning were not observed. Administration of liraglutide restored the cardioprotective effects of remote preconditioning in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, liraglutide increased the Nrf2, H2S and HIF-1α levels in remote preconditioning-subjected diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS Liraglutide restores the lost cardioprotective effects of remote preconditioning in diabetes by increasing the expression of Nrf2, H2S and HIF-1α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinyan Tang
- The Forth People’s Hospital of Yongzhou, China
| | - Huimin He
- The Forth People’s Hospital of Yongzhou, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
64
|
Molecules and Mechanisms to Overcome Oxidative Stress Inducing Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020105. [PMID: 33573162 PMCID: PMC7911715 DOI: 10.3390/life11020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules involved in signal transduction pathways with both beneficial and detrimental effects on human cells. ROS are generated by many cellular processes including mitochondrial respiration, metabolism and enzymatic activities. In physiological conditions, ROS levels are well-balanced by antioxidative detoxification systems. In contrast, in pathological conditions such as cardiovascular, neurological and cancer diseases, ROS production exceeds the antioxidative detoxification capacity of cells, leading to cellular damages and death. In this review, we will first describe the biology and mechanisms of ROS mediated oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Second, we will review the role of oxidative stress mediated by oncological treatments in inducing cardiovascular disease. Lastly, we will discuss the strategies that potentially counteract the oxidative stress in order to fight the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease, including that induced by oncological treatments.
Collapse
|
65
|
Zhou Q, Cheng W, Wang Z, Liu J, Han J, Wen S, Liu J. C1q/TNF-related protein-9 is elevated in hypertension and associated with the occurrence of hypertension-related atherogenesis. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:989-1000. [PMID: 33377578 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
C1q-tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9 (CTRP9) is an important adipocytokine that is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to detect CTRP9 expression in hypertensive patients and mice and to analyze its effects on hypertension-related atherogenesis. First, circulating CTRP9 levels were detected in both nonhypertensive subjects and hypertensive patients. The results showed that plasma CTRP9 levels were increased in hypertension patients compared with control subjects and gradually elevated in the Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III groups. While nondipper state did not affect CTRP9 expression in hypertension patients. Hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) exhibited higher CTRP9 levels and the high CTRP9 group exhibited significantly higher CAP morbidity, CTRP9 levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of CAP. Then, effects of CTRP9 on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced endothelial dysfunction were analyzed in vitro, and the results exhibited that treatment with Ang II significantly increased CTRP9 mRNA expression in endothelial cells (ECs), and downregulation of CTRP9 expression aggravated Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction in ECs. Mice were infused with Ang II, and CTRP9 was also increased in Ang II-infused mice and mainly secreted by ECs. In Ang II-infused ApoE-/- mice, treatment with recombinant CTRP9 significantly reduced atherosclerotic area and alleviated endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, our results may found that CTRP9 delayed the progression of hypertension-related arteriosclerosis by alleviating endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoguang Wang
- Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jielin Liu
- Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Wen
- Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Wang R, Wang M, Zhou J, Wu D, Ye J, Sun G, Sun X. Saponins in Chinese Herbal Medicine Exerts Protection in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Possible Mechanism and Target Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:570867. [PMID: 33597866 PMCID: PMC7883640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.570867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is a high-risk disease among middle-aged and senior individuals. After thrombolytic therapy, heart tissue can potentially suffer further damage, which is called myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). At present, the treatment methods and drugs for MIRI are scarce and cannot meet the current clinical needs. The mechanism of MIRI involves the interaction of multiple factors, and the current research hotspots mainly include oxidative stress, inflammation, calcium overload, energy metabolism disorders, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has multiple targets and few toxic side effects; clinical preparations containing Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, Aralia chinensis L., cardioprotection, and other Chinese herbal medicines have been used to treat patients with coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and other cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that saponins are the main active substances in TCMs containing Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, Aralia chinensis L., and Radix astragali. In the present review, we sorted the saponin components with anti-MIRI effects and their regulatory mechanisms. Each saponin can play a cardioprotective role via multiple mechanisms, and the signaling pathways involved in different saponins are not the same. We found that more active saponins in Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. are mainly dammar-type structures and have a strong regulatory effect on energy metabolism. The highly active saponin components of Aralia chinensis L. are oleanolic acid structures, which have significant regulatory effects on calcium homeostasis. Therefore, saponins in Chinese herbal medicine provide a broad application prospect for the development of highly effective and low-toxicity anti-MIRI drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daoshun Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Meng T, Qin W, Liu B. SIRT1 Antagonizes Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Vascular Complication. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568861. [PMID: 33304318 PMCID: PMC7701141 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern worldwide with an increased incidence of morbidity and mortality, which is particularly due to the diabetic vascular complications. Several pivotal underlying mechanisms are associated with vascular complications, including hyperglycemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and most importantly, oxidative stress. Oxidative stress triggers defective angiogenesis, activates pro-inflammatory pathways and causes long-lasting epigenetic changes to facilitate the development of vascular complications. Therefore, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative stress are promising to manage diabetic vascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, plays critical roles in regulating metabolism and ageing-related pathological conditions, such as vascular diseases. Growing evidence has indicated that SIRT1 acts as a sensing regulator in response to oxidative stress and attenuates vascular dysfunction via cooperating with adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to activate antioxidant signals through various downstream effectors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1 (PGC-1α), forkhead transcription factors (FOXOs), and peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor α (PPARα). In addition, SIRT1 interacts with hydrogen sulfide (H2S), regulates NADPH oxidase, endothelial NO synthase, and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) to suppress oxidative stress. Furthermore, mRNA expression of sirt1 is affected by microRNAs in DM. In the current review, we summarize recent advances illustrating the importance of SIRT1 in antagonizing oxidative stress. We also discuss whether modulation of SIRT1 can serve as a therapeutic strategy to treat diabetic vascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Meng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weifeng Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Carballo MCS, Pinto LCS, Brito MVH. The role of adiponectin in ischemia-reperfusion syndrome: a literature review. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2020; 18:eRW5160. [PMID: 32876087 PMCID: PMC7444600 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020rw5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, among other diverse adipokines, is produced in greater quantity and has an effect on the adipose tissue and other tissues in the body. Adiponectin plays three main roles: regulatory metabolic and sensitizing function of insulin in the liver and muscles; it acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine and in vascular protection, besides important cardiac protection in the presence of ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Since many situations resulting from traumatic accidents or pathologies are due to cell damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion syndrome, it is relevant to study new therapeutic alternatives that will contribute to reducing these lesions. The objective of this study is to carry out a literature review on the role of adiponectin in ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.
Collapse
|
69
|
Yang J, Suo H, Song J. Protective role of mitoquinone against impaired mitochondrial homeostasis in metabolic syndrome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3857-3875. [PMID: 32815398 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria control various processes in cellular metabolic homeostasis, such as adenosine triphosphate production, generation and clearance of reactive oxygen species, control of intracellular Ca2+ and apoptosis, and are thus a critical therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mitochondrial targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress, prevents impaired mitochondrial dynamics, and increases mitochondrial turnover by promoting autophagy (mitophagy) and mitochondrial biogenesis, which ultimately contribute to the attenuation of MetS conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The regulatory effect of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis is mediated through AMPK and its downstream signaling pathways, including MTOR, SIRT1, Nrf2 and NF-κB. However, there are few reviews focusing on the critical role of MitoQ as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of MetS. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mitochondrial role in the pathogenesis of MetS, especially in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and discuss the effect and underlying mechanism of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis in MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing & Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Graduate School, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Pinto DO, DeMarino C, Vo TT, Cowen M, Kim Y, Pleet ML, Barclay RA, Noren Hooten N, Evans MK, Heredia A, Batrakova EV, Iordanskiy S, Kashanchi F. Low-Level Ionizing Radiation Induces Selective Killing of HIV-1-Infected Cells with Reversal of Cytokine Induction Using mTOR Inhibitors. Viruses 2020; 12:E885. [PMID: 32823598 PMCID: PMC7472203 DOI: 10.3390/v12080885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infects 39.5 million people worldwide, and cART is effective in preventing viral spread by reducing HIV-1 plasma viral loads to undetectable levels. However, viral reservoirs persist by mechanisms, including the inhibition of autophagy by HIV-1 proteins (i.e., Nef and Tat). HIV-1 reservoirs can be targeted by the "shock and kill" strategy, which utilizes latency-reversing agents (LRAs) to activate latent proviruses and immunotarget the virus-producing cells. Yet, limitations include reduced LRA permeability across anatomical barriers and immune hyper-activation. Ionizing radiation (IR) induces effective viral activation across anatomical barriers. Like other LRAs, IR may cause inflammation and modulate the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We and others have shown that cells may secrete cytokines and viral proteins in EVs and, therefore, LRAs may contribute to inflammatory EVs. In the present study, we mitigated the effects of IR-induced inflammatory EVs (i.e., TNF-α), through the use of mTOR inhibitors (mTORi; Rapamycin and INK128). Further, mTORi were found to enhance the selective killing of HIV-1-infected myeloid and T-cell reservoirs at the exclusion of uninfected cells, potentially via inhibition of viral transcription/translation and induction of autophagy. Collectively, the proposed regimen using cART, IR, and mTORi presents a novel approach allowing for the targeting of viral reservoirs, prevention of immune hyper-activation, and selectively killing latently infected HIV-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O. Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Catherine DeMarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Thy T. Vo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Maria Cowen
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Yuriy Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Michelle L. Pleet
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Robert A. Barclay
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Alonso Heredia
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Elena V. Batrakova
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Sergey Iordanskiy
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Zhang YM, Zhang ZY, Wang RX. Protective Mechanisms of Quercetin Against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Physiol 2020; 11:956. [PMID: 32848878 PMCID: PMC7412593 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin has attracted more attention in recent years due to its protective role against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Quercetin can alleviate oxidative stress injury through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, blockage of the Fenton reaction, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Quercetin can also exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by reducing the response to inflammatory factors and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Moreover, it can induce vasodilation effects through the inhibition of endothelin-1 receptors, the enhancement of NO stimulation and the activation of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Finally, Quercetin can also antagonize the calcium overload. These multifaceted activities of Quercetin make it a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhen-Ye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Yin Q, Wang JF, Xu XH, Xie H. Effect of lycopene on pain facilitation and the SIRT1/mTOR pathway in the dorsal horn of burn injury rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173365. [PMID: 32712090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effect of intrathecal injection of lycopene on pain facilitation, glial activation, and the SIRT1/mTOR pathway in the dorsal horn of rats with burn injury pain (BIP). Here we found that the mechanical pain threshold increased in the lycopene group compared with that of the control group, (P < 0.05). Compared with expression in the sham group, mTOR, pS6, p4EBP, GFAP, and Iba-1 decreased and SIRT1 increased in the lycopene group (P < 0.01). Glial activation in the spinal dorsal horn of BIP rats was alleviated by lycopene (P < 0.01). The SIRT1 and mTOR were mainly distributed in neurons in the spinal dorsal horn in the BIP model. Intrathecal injection of 3-MA (a mTOR agonist) or EX-527 (an inhibitor of Sirt1) partially antagonized lycopene-induced analgesia. Intrathecal injection of rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) or SRT1720 (an agonist of Sirt1) induced analgesia in BIP rats. 3-MA abrogated the SRT1720-induced analgesic effects. The present data indicated that the SIRT1/mTOR pathway changed in the spinal dorsal horn of BIP rats; Lycopene alleviated the pain sensitization of BIP rats by regulating the SIRT1/mTOR pathway and glial activation in the spinal dorsal horn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yin
- The Second Affliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, PR China
| | | | - Xiao-Hua Xu
- The People's Hospital of Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang 845350, PR China
| | - Hong Xie
- The Second Affliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Li T, Gu J, Yang O, Wang J, Wang Y, Kong J. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal miRNA-29c Decreases Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Excessive Autophagy via the PTEN/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Circ J 2020; 84:1304-1311. [PMID: 32581152 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury will cause a large amount of cardiomyocyte loss and cascade reactions such as apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excessive autophagy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic tools to replace damaged cardiomyocytes, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown.Methods and Results:Exosomes contain many microRNAs and protein, which are believed to have multiple biological functions. This study explored the role of bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs)-derived exosomes under different oxidation levels in heart protection and miRNA-related mechanisms. Exosomes extracted from BMMSCs contained a high level of miR-29c, and its expression level changed after cells were treated under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. In vivo I/R experiments also confirmed an expression change of miR-29c, and PTEN-Akt-mTOR is one of the predominant pathways that regulate autophagic change during this process. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the role of miR-29c in regulating autophagy under cardiac I/R injury, which also extended existing mechanisms of a stem cell and its derivative to explore potential therapeutic interventions in ischemic heart diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | | | - Ou Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Jianmeng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Infusion of Melatonin Into the Paraventricular Nucleus Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 74:336-347. [PMID: 31356536 PMCID: PMC6791501 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, the receptors for which are abundant in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), can protect the heart from myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MI/R) injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether the infusion of melatonin into the PVN protects the heart from MI/R injury by suppressing oxidative stress or regulating the balance between proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MI/R rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with a bilateral PVN infusion of melatonin. MI/R operation was performed 1 week after infusion. At the end of the third week after the infusion, all the rats were euthanized. This was followed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies of the rats. MI/R rats showed larger infarct size, increased left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, and decreased LV ejection fraction and LV fractional shortening. Moreover, MI/R rats had a higher level of norepinephrine in the plasma, heart, and PVN; higher PVN levels of reactive oxygen species, NOX2, NOX4, IL-1β, and NF-κB activity; and lower PVN levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and IL-10 compared with the sham group. Melatonin infusion in PVN reduced LV end-diastolic volume, norepinephrine, reactive oxygen species, NOX2, NOX4, IL-1β, and NF-κB activity, and increased LV ejection fraction, LV fractional shortening, Cu/Zn-SOD, and IL-10. Overall, these results suggest that the infusion of melatonin ameliorates sympathetic nerve activity and MI/R injury by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in the PVN of MI/R rats.
Collapse
|
75
|
Ma M, Li R, Sun W, Wang Q, Yu H, Yu H. Sevoflurane preconditioning inhibits cardiomyocyte injury induced by oxygen‑glucose deprivation by modulating TXNIP. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:889-897. [PMID: 32626926 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The thioredoxin interaction protein (TXNIP) has been reported to be closely related to cell oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. TXNIP is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress in lung and renal injury. However, it is unclear as to whether it participates in the protective effects of sevoflurane preconditioning in cardiomyocyte injury caused by oxidative stress in ischemia. In the present study, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured with 0, 1.5, 2, 3.5, 5 or 6% sevoflurane for 3 h, followed by exposure to oxygen and glucose deprivation. The results demonstrated that oxygen and glucose deprivation induced an increase in TXNIP expression, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, caspase‑3 activity, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production. Preconditioning of the H9c2 cells with 3.5% sevoflurane suppressed TXNIP expression, LDH leakage, caspase‑3 activity, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production, and it promoted cell viability. TXNIP overexpression reversed the effects of 3.5% sevoflurane preconditioning on caspase‑3 activity, reactive oxygen production and cell viability. Furthermore, TXNIP modulated p27 expression via PKB (protein kinase B/AKT) phosphorylation following preconditioning with 3.5% sevoflurane, and oxygen and glucose deprivation. On the whole these findings indicated that sevoflurane preconditioning protected the H9c2 cells against injury induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation by modulating TXNIP, AKT activation and p27 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meina Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Shi C, Wang Q, Rao Z, Shi Y, Wei S, Wang H, Lu X, Wang P, Lu L, Zhou H, Cheng F. Diabetes induces hepatocyte pyroptosis by promoting oxidative stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation during liver ischaemia and reperfusion injury. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:739. [PMID: 32647664 PMCID: PMC7333130 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Although diabetes mellitus has been reported to aggravate liver ischaemia and reperfusion (IR) injury, the basic mechanism remains largely unknown. The object of the present study was to determine the role of oxidative stress and hepatocellular pyroptosis in liver IR injury in diabetic mice. Methods Db/db and C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks of age were subjected to liver IR injury. Liver injury and hepatocyte cell death were analyzed. A NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3) inflammasome antagonist (CY09) and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) antagonist (N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC) were used to determine the role of ROS-mediated hepatocellular pyroptosis in diabetic mice post-IR. Results Aggravated liver IR injury was found in db/db mice compared to C57BL/6 control mice, as demonstrated by increased serum alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) levels, liver architecture damage and Suzuki scores. Interestingly, IR induces the pyroptosis of hepatocytes in db/db mice, as evidenced by enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increased numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL)-positive hepatocytes and increased gene expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 in livers post-IR. The inhibitory effect of CY09, an NLRP3 antagonist, efficiently abrogated the exacerbation effects of diabetes on liver IR injury in db/db mice. Furthermore, increased ROS expression was detected in db/db mice compared to control mice after IR. ROS scavenging by NAC pretreatment markedly inhibited hepatocellular NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in the db/db mice post-IR, indicating that ROS play an essential role in mediating hepatocyte pyroptosis in the setting of diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that diabetes induces hepatocyte pyroptosis by promoting oxidative stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation during liver IR injury. Strategies targeting ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation would be beneficial for preventing liver IR injury in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Shi
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuqing Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wei
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Dracocephalum moldavica L. Extracts Protect H9c2 Cardiomyocytes against H 2O 2-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8379358. [PMID: 32462021 PMCID: PMC7222556 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8379358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Materials and Methods The petroleum ether (petrol), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butyl alcohol (n-BuOH) fractions were isolated from alcohol extracts of D. moldavica L. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activities of different fractions were evaluated. H9c2 cells were then treated with D. moldavica L. extracts before challenging with H2O2. Cell viability was determined by colorimetric assay, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Apoptosis levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. The expressions of cell apoptosis regulatory proteins caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were determined by western blotting. Results Our results demonstrated that the EtOAc fraction from D. moldavica L. ethanol extract, which is rich in phenolic and flavonoid active constituents, had the strongest free radical scavenging activity. Additionally, this fraction increased H2O2-induced reduction in cell viability, SOD activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. It also reduced H2O2-induced elevation in ROS production, contents of LDH and MDA, and H9c2 apoptosis. We further found that the EtOAc fraction increased Bcl-2 expression, while it decreased caspase-3 and Bax expressions induced by H2O2 in H9c2 cells. Conclusions Our data revealed that the EtOAc fraction from D. moldavica L. ethanol extract ameliorates H2O2-induced cardiotoxicity via antiapoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms.
Collapse
|
78
|
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common occurrence resulting from acute mesenteric ischemia, traumatic or septic shock, burns, and surgical procedures that can lead to multiple organ failure and high mortality in critically ill patients. Mitochondria are often considered the cellular power factory via their capacity for ATP generation. Recently, mitochondria have been further identified as vital regulators of cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress, all of which can aggravate I/R injury. Studies have indicated that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and aggravates I/R injury. mtDNA is emerging as an agonist of the innate immune system that influences inflammatory pathology during I/R injury. In addition, when mtDNA is released into the cytoplasm, extracellular milieu, or circulation, it can activate multiple pattern-recognition receptors to trigger type I interferon and pro-inflammatory responses. Here, we review the emerging role of mtDNA in I/R injury to highlight novel mechanistic insights and discuss the pathophysiological relevance of mitochondrial biology.
Collapse
|
79
|
Sun Y, Jiang X, Pan R, Zhou X, Qin D, Xiong R, Wang Y, Qiu W, Wu A, Wu J. Escins Isolated from Aesculus chinensis Bge. Promote the Autophagic Degradation of Mutant Huntingtin and Inhibit its Induced Apoptosis in HT22 cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:116. [PMID: 32158393 PMCID: PMC7052340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease, is highly associated with the cytotoxicity-inducing mutant huntingtin (mHtt) protein. Emerging evidence indicates that autophagy plays a pivotal role in degrading aggregated proteins such as mHtt to enhance neuronal viability. In this study, by employing preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (pre-HPLC), ultra-high performance liquid chromatography diode-array-detector quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-Q-TOF-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), three escins, escin IA (EA), escin IB (EB) and isoescin IA (IEA), were isolated and identified from the seed of Aesculus chinensis Bge. (ACB). After EGFP-HTT74-overexpressing HT22 cells were treated with EA, EB and IEA at safe concentrations, the clearance of mHtt and mHtt-induced apoptosis were investigated by Western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry methods. In addition, the autophagy induced by these escins in HT22 cells was monitored by detecting GFP-LC3 puncta, P62 and LC3 protein expression. The results showed that EA, EB and IEA could significantly decrease mHtt levels and inhibit its induced apoptosis in HT22 cells. In addition, these three saponins induced autophagic flux by increasing the ratio of RFP-LC3 to GFP-LC3, and by decreasing P62 expression. Among the tested escins, EB displayed the best autophagy induction, which was regulated via both the mTOR and ERK signaling pathways. Furthermore, the degradation of mHtt and the commensurate decrease in its cytotoxic effects by EA, EB and IEA were demonstrated to be closely associated with autophagy induction, which depended on ATG7. In conclusion, we are the first to report that the escins, including EA, EB and IEA are novel autophagy inducers that degrade mHtt and inhibit mHtt-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. As a result of these findings, the triterpenoid saponins in ACB might be considered to be promising candidates for the treatment of HD in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueshan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yiling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenqiao Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Ahmed S, Ahmed N, Rungatscher A, Linardi D, Kulsoom B, Innamorati G, Meo SA, Gebrie MA, Mani R, Merigo F, Guzzo F, Faggian G. Cocoa Flavonoids Reduce Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Experimental Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020167. [PMID: 32085604 PMCID: PMC7070606 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Consumption of flavonoid-rich nutraceuticals has been associated with a reduction in coronary events. The present study analyzed the effects of cocoa flavonols on myocardial injury following acute coronary ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). A commercially available cocoa extract was identified by chromatographic mass spectrometry. Nineteen different phenolic compounds were identified and 250 mg of flavan-3-ols (procyanidin) were isolated in 1 g of extract. Oral administration of cocoa extract in incremental doses from 5 mg/kg up to 25 mg/kg daily for 15 days in Sprague Dawley rats (n = 30) produced a corresponding increase of blood serum polyphenols and become constant after 15 mg/kg. Consequently, the selected dose (15 mg/kg) of cocoa extract was administered orally daily for 15 days in a treated group (n = 10) and an untreated group served as control (n = 10). Both groups underwent surgical occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and reperfusion. Cocoa extract treatment significantly reversed membrane peroxidation, nitro-oxidative stress, and decreased inflammatory markers (IL-6 and NF-kB) caused by myocardial I/R injury and enhanced activation of both p-Akt and p-Erk1/2. Daily administration of cocoa extract in rats is protective against myocardial I/R injury and attenuate nitro-oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitigates myocardial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajeela Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alessio Rungatscher
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniele Linardi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| | - Bibi Kulsoom
- Department of Biochemistry, Jinnah Medical & Dental College, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Giulio Innamorati
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| | - Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 11461 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mebratu Alebachew Gebrie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| | - Romel Mani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| | - Flavia Merigo
- Department of Biomedicine, Division of Histology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of Biotechnology, Division of Biology and Botany, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Faggian
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Pan YR, Song JY, Fan B, Wang Y, Che L, Zhang SM, Chang YX, He C, Li GY. mTOR may interact with PARP-1 to regulate visible light-induced parthanatos in photoreceptors. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:27. [PMID: 32066462 PMCID: PMC7025415 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive light exposure is a detrimental environmental factor that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of retinal degeneration. However, the mechanism of light-induced death of retina/photoreceptor cells remains unclear. The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) have become the primary targets for treating many neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying light-induced photoreceptor cell death and whether the neuroprotective effects of mTOR and PARP-1 inhibition against death are mediated through apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). METHODS Propidium iodide (PI)/Hoechst staining, lentiviral-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA), Western blot analysis, cellular fraction separation, plasmid transient transfection, laser confocal microscopy, a mice model, electroretinography (ERG), and hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) staining were employed to explore the mechanisms by which rapamycin/3-Aminobenzamide (3AB) exert neuroprotective effects of mTOR/PARP-1 inhibition in light-injured retinas. RESULTS A parthanatos-like death mechanism was evaluated in light-injured 661 W cells that are an immortalized photoreceptor-like cell line that exhibit cellular and biochemical feature characteristics of cone photoreceptor cells. The death process featured over-activation of PARP-1 and AIF nuclear translocation. Either PARP-1 or AIF knockdown played a significantly protective role for light-damaged photoreceptors. More importantly, crosstalk was observed between mTOR and PARP-1 signaling and mTOR could have regulated parthanatos via the intermediate factor sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The parthanatos-like injury was also verified in vivo, wherein either PARP-1 or mTOR inhibition provided significant neuroprotection against light-induced injury, which is evinced by both structural and functional retinal analysis. Overall, these results elucidate the mTOR-regulated parthanatos death mechanism in light-injured photoreceptors/retinas and may facilitate the development of novel neuroprotective therapies for retinal degeneration diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that inhibition of the mTOR/PARP-1 axis exerts protective effects on photoreceptors against visible-light-induced parthanatos. These protective effects are conducted by regulating the downstream factors of AIF, while mTOR possibly interacts with PARP-1 via SIRT1 to regulate parthanatos. Video Abstract Schematic diagram of mTOR interacting with PARP-1 to regulate visible light-induced parthanatos. Increased ROS caused by light exposure penetrates the nuclear membrane and causes nuclear DNA strand breaks. PARP-1 detects DNA breaks and synthesizes PAR polymers to initiate the DNA repair system that consumes a large amount of cellular NAD+. Over-production of PAR polymers prompts the release of AIF from the mitochondria and translocation to the nucleus, which leads to parthanatos. Activated mTOR may interact with PARP-1 via SIRT1 to regulate visible light-induced parthanatos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Jing-Yao Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Bin Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Hemooncolog, Second Hospital of JiLin University, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Lin Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Si-Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Yu-Xin Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of JiLin University, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Genetics,Basic, Medical College of Jilin University, ChangChun, 130041 China
| | - Guang-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of JiLin University, No.218 Zi-Qiang St, ChangChun, 130041 China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Hewgley RA, Moore BT, Willingham TB, Jenkins NT, McCully KK. MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL CAPACITY AND ENDURANCE IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2020; 8. [PMID: 34222650 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v8i2.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on muscle endurance and oxidative capacity is currently unknown. Purpose Measure muscle endurance and oxidative capacity of adults with T1D compared to controls. Methods A cross-sectional study design with a control group was used. Subjects (19-37 years old) with T1D (n=17) and controls (n=17) were assessed with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and casual glucose. Muscle endurance was measured with an accelerometer at stimulation frequencies of 2, 4, and 6 Hz for a total of nine minutes. Mitochondrial capacity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy after exercise as the rate constant of the rate of recovery of oxygen consumption. Results T1D and control groups were similar in age, sex, height, and race. The T1D group had slightly higher BMI values and adipose tissue thickness over the forearm muscles. Casual glucose was 150±70 mg/dL for T1D and 98±16 mg/dL for controls (P=0.006). HbA1c of T1D subjects was 7.1±0.9% and 5.0±0.4% for controls (P<0.01). Endurance indexes at 2, 4, and 6 Hz were 94.5±5.2%, 81.8±8.4%, and 68.6±13.5% for T1D and 94.6±4.1%, 85.9±6.3%, and 68.7±15.4% for controls (p = 0.97, 0.12, 0.99, respectively). There were no differences between groups in mitochondrial capacity (T1D= 1.9±0.5 min-1 and control=1.8±0.4 min-1, P=0.29) or reperfusion rate (T1D= 8.8±2.8s and control=10.3±3.0s, P=0.88). There were no significant correlations between HbA1c and either muscle endurance, mitochondrial capacity or reperfusion rate. Conclusions Adults with T1D did not have reduced oxidative capacity, muscle endurance or muscle reperfusion rates compared to controls. HbA1c also did not correlate with muscle endurance, mitochondrial capacity or reperfusion rates. Future studies should extend these measurements to older people or people with poorly-controlled T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riley A Hewgley
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Bethany T Moore
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | | | | | - Kevin K McCully
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Zhu L, Li Q, Li Q, Qi D, Gao C, Yang H. MicroRNA‐2861 and microRNA‐5115 regulates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury through the GPR30/mTOR signaling pathway by binding to GPR30. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7791-7802. [PMID: 31930508 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhu
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| | - Qingman Li
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| | - Qingmin Li
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| | - Datun Qi
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| | - Chuanyu Gao
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| | - Honghui Yang
- Department of Cardiology Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital) Zhengzhou P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Liu R, Chen L, Wang Y, Zhang G, Cheng Y, Feng Z, Bai X, Liu J. High ratio of ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids targets mTORC1 to prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 79:108330. [PMID: 32179408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adjusting ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio in high-fat diet is one potential mean to improve metabolic syndrome; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Four groups of mice were fed 60% kcal diets with saturated fatty acids, three different ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs ratios (low, middle and high) for 12 weeks, respectively. Body weight, atherosclerosis marker, insulin signal index and level of lipid accumulation in liver were significantly lowered in High group compared with saturated fatty acids group and Low group at week 12. Expressions of p-mTOR and raptor were inhibited by high ω-3 PUFAs. Importantly, ω-3 PUFAs intake up-regulated mitochondrial electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway through metabolomics analysis in liver. Mitochondrial complexes activities were raised, fumaric acid was reduced and oxidative stress was alleviated in High group. We conclude that consuming long-term high-fat diet with same calories but high ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs ratio relieves metabolic syndrome by regulating mTORC1 pathway to enhance mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Guanfei Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Wang D, Jiang L, Feng B, He N, Zhang Y, Ye H. Protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on cardiac remodeling by inhibiting oxidative stress through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase pathway in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:39-51. [PMID: 31199578 PMCID: PMC6944832 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Although increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a major mechanism leading to cardiac remodeling in diabetes mellitus, research into the effects of anti-oxidation on diabetic cardiac remodeling remains scarce and controversial. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) shows potential anti-oxidative effects besides lowering blood glucose. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of GLP-1 on cardiac remodeling and the molecular mechanism involved in diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats received exenatide treatment for 3 months. Cardiac function, cardiac weight index and myocardial interstitial fibrosis were measured. Cardiomyocytes were cultured in high-glucose medium with GLP-1 treatment. The ROS production, apoptosis and the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase protein expression in cardiomyocytes were analyzed. RESULTS Experimental diabetes mellitus showed impaired cardiac diastolic function, increased brain natriuretic peptide expression and increased interstitial collagen deposition in the myocardium, which were ameliorated by exenatide treatment. Exenatide reduced myocardial ROS production and apoptosis in diabetes mellitus. Also, high glucose-induced ROS generation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes were inhibited by GLP-1, as well as the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase phosphorylation. Furthermore, GLP-1 treatment upregulated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activity in high-glucose-induced cardiomyocyte. CONCLUSIONS Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects the cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetes mellitus, which might contribute to the improvement of cardiac remodeling. The cardiac protection of GLP-1 might be dependent on inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, through an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-mediated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Wang
- Department of CardiologyNingbo NO.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Longfu Jiang
- Department of CardiologyNingbo NO.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Beili Feng
- Department of CardiologyNingbo NO.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Nana He
- Stem Cell LaboratoryNingbo No.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of CardiologyNingbo NO.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Honghua Ye
- Department of CardiologyNingbo NO.2 HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Li W, Li W, Leng Y, Xiong Y, Xia Z. Ferroptosis Is Involved in Diabetes Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 39:210-225. [PMID: 31809190 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemic disease affects the prognosis in perioperative patients. Diabetes can aggravate myocardial injury. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of ferroptosis in the process of diabetes mellitus (DM) myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI). Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is investigated whether aggravates cardiomyocytes injury. Rat DM+I/R (DIR), cell high glucose (HG), hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R), and high-glucose H/R (HH/R) models were established. Ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1, ferroptosis agonist Erastin, ERS inhibitor Salubrinal, and ERS agonist Tunicamycin were administered. Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cellular ferrous ion concentration were examined. The level of ACSL4, GPX4, ATF4, CHOP, BCL-2, and BAX was detected. Myocardial tissue pathological change was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Cardiac function was monitored by invasive hemodynamic measurements. Evans Blue-triphenyltetrazolium chloride double staining was used to detect the myocardial infarct size. In DM+sham (DS) (or HG) and I/R (or H/R) models, cardiomyocytes were injured accompanied by increased level of ferroptosis and ERS. Moreover, the cell injury was more serious in rat DIR or cell HH/R models. Inhibition of ferroptosis in DIR model could reduce ERS and myocardial injury. Inhibition of ferroptosis in H9c2 cells HG, H/R, and HH/R models could reduce cell injury. Erastin could aggravate ERS and cell injury by stimulating ferroptosis in HH/R cell model. Meanwhile, inhibition of ERS could alleviate ferroptosis and cell injury. Ferroptosis is involved in DIR injury that is related to ERS. Moreover, inhibition of ferroptosis can alleviate DIR injury, which may provide a therapeutic regent for myocardial ischemic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Wipperman MF, Montrose DC, Gotto AM, Hajjar DP. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: A Metabolic Rheostat for Regulating Adipose Tissue Function and Cardiovascular Health. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:492-501. [PMID: 30803496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The complex relationship between diet and metabolism is an important contributor to cellular metabolism and health. Over the past few decades, a central role for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including the response to food intake, maintaining homeostasis, and the pathogenesis of disease, has been shown. Herein, we first review our current understanding of the biochemical functions of mTOR and its response to fluctuations in hormone levels, like insulin. Second, we highlight the role of mTOR in lipogenesis, adipogenesis, β-oxidation of lipids, and ketosis of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Special attention is paid to recent advances in mTOR signaling in white versus brown adipose tissues. Finally, we review how mTOR regulates cardiovascular health and disease. Together, these insights define a clearer picture of the connection between mTOR signaling, metabolic health, and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Wipperman
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Clinical and Translational Science Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York
| | - David C Montrose
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Antonio M Gotto
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York
| | - David P Hajjar
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Ungurianu A, Şeremet O, Gagniuc E, Olaru OT, Guţu C, Grǎdinaru D, Ionescu-Tȋrgovişte C, Marginǎ D, Dǎnciulescu-Miulescu R. Preclinical and clinical results regarding the effects of a plant-based antidiabetic formulation versus well established antidiabetic molecules. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104522. [PMID: 31698065 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex syndrome with debilitating long-term complications, comprising alterations of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolisms, along increased oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation. Diet management and plant-based formulations can improve the metabolic status of patients, being used as adjuvants of classic antidiabetic therapy. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the impact of a plant-based antidiabetic formulation (PBAF), containing Vaccinium myrtillus, Ribes nigrum, Rosa canina and Capsicum annuum, on the increased oxidative burden found in diabetes mellitus, comparing it with the effects of metformin and gliclazide. Firstly, we characterized the individual plant-derived components of this formulation and also assessed their in vitro radical scavenging capacity. We devised a preclinical study protocol to examine the impact of the PBAF, along metformin and gliclazide, on tissue histology as well as on the redox status of tissue, mitochondria, serum and serum lipoproteins of alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Subsequently, we assessed their long-term impact on the redox status of serum and isolated serum lipoproteins of type 2 DM (T2DM) patients, taking into consideration their cardiometabolic profile. In the preclinical stage, we found that PBAF was able to enhance total serum antioxidant defense, while metformin yielded the best results regarding the advanced glycation and protein/lipid oxidation of serum and of serum lipoproteins. The latter also improved overall serum redox status and HDL redox function. Also, antidiabetic treatment seemed to increase mitochondrial redox activity, without overturning overall tissue redox balance. Histologically, liver and brain tissues of treated diabetic rats were fairly similar to those of non-diabetic rats. In T2DM patients, the most striking results involved the effects on serum lipoproteins. The tested PBAF exerted protective antioxidant effects on low-density and, especially, on high density lipoproteins. We conclude that this formulation might constitute a good addition to the well-established pharmacological approach of DM, contributing to the reduction of overall oxidative burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Ungurianu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania
| | - Oana Şeremet
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania
| | - Elvira Gagniuc
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Splaiul Independenței 105, Bucharest, 050097, Romania
| | - Octavian Tudor Olaru
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania
| | - Claudia Guţu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania
| | - Daniela Grǎdinaru
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania
| | - Constantin Ionescu-Tȋrgovişte
- "N. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Ion Movilă 5-7, Bucharest, 030167, Romania
| | - Denisa Marginǎ
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest, 020956, Romania.
| | - Rucsandra Dǎnciulescu-Miulescu
- "N. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Ion Movilă 5-7, Bucharest, 030167, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Department of Endocrinology, Calea Plevnei 17-23, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
A 2-Min Transient Ischemia Confers Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance in Non-Obese Gerbils, but Results in Neuronal Death in Obese Gerbils by Increasing Abnormal mTOR Activation-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101126. [PMID: 31546722 PMCID: PMC6830098 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A brief episode of transient ischemia (TI) can confer cerebral ischemic tolerance against a subsequent severer TI under standard condition. The brain under obesity’s conditions is more sensitive to ischemic injury. However, the impact of a brief episode of TI under obesity’s conditions has not been fully addressed yet. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of a brief TI in the hippocampus of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese gerbils and related mechanisms. Gerbils were maintained on HFD or normal diet (ND) for 12 weeks and subjected to 2 min TI. HFD gerbils were heavier, with higher blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and leptin levels. Massive loss of pyramidal neurons occurred in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) field of HFD animals at 5 days after 2 min of TI, but 2 min of TI did not elicit death of pyramidal neurons in ND gerbils. The HFD group showed significantly increased levels of oxidative stress indicators (dihydroethidium and 4-hydroxynonenal) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) and microglial activation in pre- and/or post-ischemic phases compared to the ND group. Levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphorylated-mTOR in the CA1 field of the HFD group were also significantly higher than the ND group. On the other hand, inhibition of mTOR activation by rapamycin (an allosteric mTOR inhibitor) significantly attenuated neuronal death induced by HFD, showing reduction of HFD-induced increases of oxidative stress indicators and proinflammatory cytokines, and microglia activation. Taken together, a brief episode of TI can evoke neuronal death under obesity’s conditions. It might be closely associated with an abnormal increase of mTOR activation-mediated, severe oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in pre- and/or post-ischemic phases.
Collapse
|
90
|
Yan B, Liu S, Li X, Zhong Y, Tong F, Yang S. Preconditioning with endoplasmic reticulum stress alleviated heart ischemia/reperfusion injury via modulating IRE1/ATF6/RACK1/PERK and PGC-1α in diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109407. [PMID: 31545290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to observe the functions of preconditioning with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) whether alleviated heart ischemia/reperfusion injury (HI/RI) via modulating IRE1/ATF6/RACK1/PERK and PGC-1α expressions in diabetes mellitus (DM) or not. Diabetic rats were pretreated with 0.6 mg/kg tunicamycin (TM, 0.6 mg/kg tunicamycin was administered via intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes prior to the I/R procedures), and then subjected to 45 minutes of ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion. Blood and myocardial tissues were collected, myocardial pathological injuries were investigated, serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels were measured, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dp/dtmax) and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure drop (-dp/dtmax) were evaluated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3 levels were observed, ΔΨm level and ROS expression were measured, and activated transcript factor 6 (ATF6), receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), PRK-like ER kinase (PERK), glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1-α (PGC-1α) expressions were assessed. The TM ameliorated the pathological damages, reduced myocardial oxidative stress damages, restrained apoptosis, and upregulated the expressions of ATF6, RACK1, PERK, GRP78 and PGC-1α compared with those of the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group in DM. This study suggested the preconditioning with endoplasmic reticulum stress (TM) strategy that could enhance protection against HI/RI in DM in clinical myocardial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Suhuan Liu
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yali Zhong
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Provincial Key Discipline of Pharmacology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
mTOR and Aging: An Old Fashioned Dress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112774. [PMID: 31174250 PMCID: PMC6600378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a physiologic/pathologic process characterized by a progressive impairment of cellular functions, supported by the alterations of several molecular pathways, leading to an increased cell susceptibility to injury. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for several major human pathologies. Numerous cellular processes, including genomic instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular signal transduction represent common denominators of aging in different organisms. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved nutrient sensing protein kinase that regulates growth and metabolism in all eukaryotic cells. Studies in flies, worms, yeast, and mice support the hypothesis that the mTOR signalling network plays a pivotal role in modulating aging. mTOR is emerging as the most robust mediator of the protective effects of various forms of dietary restriction, which has been shown to extend lifespan and slow the onset of age-related diseases across species. Herein we discuss the role of mTor signalling network in the development of classic age-related diseases, focused on cardiovascular system, immune response, and cancer.
Collapse
|
92
|
Chakraborty D, Felzen V, Hiebel C, Stürner E, Perumal N, Manicam C, Sehn E, Grus F, Wolfrum U, Behl C. Enhanced autophagic-lysosomal activity and increased BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy as adaptive response of neuronal cells to chronic oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101181. [PMID: 30959460 PMCID: PMC6454062 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and a disturbed cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) belong to the most important hallmarks of aging and of neurodegenerative disorders. The proteasomal and autophagic-lysosomal degradation pathways are key measures to maintain proteostasis. Here, we report that hippocampal cells selected for full adaptation and resistance to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (oxidative stress-resistant cells, OxSR cells) showed a massive increase in the expression of components of the cellular autophagic-lysosomal network and a significantly higher overall autophagic activity. A comparative expression analysis revealed that distinct key regulators of autophagy are upregulated in OxSR cells. The observed adaptive autophagic response was found to be independent of the upstream autophagy regulator mTOR but is accompanied by a significant upregulation of further downstream components of the canonical autophagy network such as Beclin1, WIPI1 and the transmembrane ATG9 proteins. Interestingly, the expression of the HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3, mediator of BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy and highly relevant for the clearance of aggregated proteins in cells, was found to be increased in OxSR cells that were consequently able to effectively overcome proteotoxic stress. Overexpression of BAG3 in oxidative stress-sensitive HT22 wildtype cells partly established the vesicular phenotype and the enhanced autophagic flux seen in OxSR cells suggesting that BAG3 takes over an important part in the adaptation process. A full proteome analysis demonstrated additional changes in the expression of mitochondrial proteins, metabolic enzymes and different pathway regulators in OxSR cells as consequence of the adaptation to oxidative stress in addition to autophagy-related proteins. Taken together, this analysis revealed a wide variety of pathways and players that act as adaptive response to chronic redox stress in neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Chakraborty
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Felzen
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Christof Hiebel
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Stürner
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Natarajan Perumal
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Sehn
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franz Grus
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Novel Molecular Targets Participating in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:6935147. [PMID: 31275641 PMCID: PMC6558612 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6935147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and related heart failure remain high. While effective early reperfusion of the criminal coronary artery after a confirmed AMI is the typical treatment at present, collateral myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and pertinent cardioprotection are still challenging to address and have inadequately understood mechanisms. Therefore, unveiling the related novel molecular targets and networks participating in triggering and resisting the pathobiology of MIRI is a promising and valuable frontier. The present study specifically focuses on the recent MIRI advances that are supported by sophisticated bio-methodology in order to bring the poorly understood interrelationship among pro- and anti-MIRI participant molecules up to date, as well as to identify findings that may facilitate the further investigation of novel targets.
Collapse
|
94
|
Kruk J, Aboul-Enein HY, Kładna A, Bowser JE. Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: the effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:497-521. [PMID: 31039624 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1612059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The body of evidence from the past three decades demonstrates that oxidative stress can be involved in several diseases. This study aims to summarise the current state of knowledge on the association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of some characteristic to the biological systems diseases and aging process. This review also presents the effect of physical activity on redox homeostasis. There is strong evidence from studies for participation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases based on animal models and human studies. Elevated levels of pro-oxidants and various markers of the oxidative stress and cells and tissues damage linked with pathogenesis of cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, reproductive system diseases, and aging were reported. Evidence confirmed that inflammation contributes widely to multiple chronic diseases and is closely linked with oxidative stress. Regular moderate physical activity regulates oxidative stress enhancing cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms, whereas acute exercise not preceded by training can alter cellular redox homeostasis towards higher level of oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to clarify the multifaceted effects of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species on cells and tissues and to continue study on the biochemical roles of antioxidants and physical activity in prevention of oxidative stress-related tissue injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruk
- a Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Cukrowa 12 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- b Department of National Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research , National Research Centre , Dokki , Egypt
| | - Aleksandra Kładna
- c Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Jacquelyn E Bowser
- d John Hazen White College of Arts & Sciences , Johnson & Wales University , Providence , USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Wang JH, Wei ZF, Gao YL, Liu CC, Sun JH. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway underlies a novel inhibitory role of ring finger protein 182 in ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7635-7648. [PMID: 30450663 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, leading to mortality and disability associated with coronary occlusion worldwide. A correlation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been observed with brain damage resulting from myocardial ischemia. Therefore, by establishing MIRI rat model, this study aimed to explore whether ring finger protein 182 (RNF182) regulates the mTOR signaling pathway affecting MIRI. Initially, MIRI rat model was successfully established, followed by either treatment of shRNF182 or phosphoesterase (PITE) (inhibitor of the mTOR signaling pathway). Then, the serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were determined, followed by detection of myocardial infarct sizes and myocardial cell apoptosis. Moreover, the levels of related genes/proteins were determined to further determine the mechanisms of RNF182 in MIRI. First, RNF182 was upregulated in MIRI. Another key observation of this study was that rats with shRNF182 presented with downregulated SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA in serum, accompanied by decreased levels of LVEF, LVFS, LVSP, and LVEDP. In addition, both reduced myocardial infarct sizes and apoptosis of myocardial cells were observed after silencing RNF182. Furthermore, silencing of the RNF182 was observed to downregulate Bcl 2-associated X and cysteine proteinase 3 but upregulate mTOR, ribosome protein subunit 6 kinase 1, eukaryotic elongation factor 2, and B-cell lymphoma-2. Importantly, the effects of RNF182 silencing were reversed after PITE treatment. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that RNF182 silencing can prevent ventricular remodeling in rats after MIRI by activating the mTOR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, FAW General Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Li Gao
- Department of Science and Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cong-Cong Liu
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing-Hui Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Sun X, Zhao D, Lu F, Peng S, Yu M, Liu N, Sun Y, Du H, Wang B, Chen J, Dong S, Lu F, Zhang W. Hydrogen sulfide regulates muscle RING finger-1 protein S-sulfhydration at Cys 44 to prevent cardiac structural damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:836-856. [PMID: 30734268 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) plays important roles as a gasotransmitter in pathologies. Increased expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF1), may be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we have investigated whether and how exogenous H2 S alleviates cardiac muscle degradation through modifications of MuRF1 S-sulfhydration in db/db mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose (40 mM), oleate (100 μM), palmitate (400 μM), and NaHS (100 μM) for 72 hr. MuRF1 was silenced with siRNA technology and mutation at Cys44 . Endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, MuRF1 expression, and ubiquitination level were measured. db/db mice were injected with NaHS (39 μmol·kg-1 ) for 20 weeks. Echocardiography, cardiac ultrastructure, cystathionine-γ-lyase, cardiac structure proteins expression, and S-sulfhydration production were measured. KEY RESULTS H2 S levels and cystathionine-γ-lyase protein expression in myocardium were decreased in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S reversed endoplasmic reticulum stress, including impairment of the function of cardiomyocytes and structural damage in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S could suppress the levels of myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2 ubiquitination in cardiac tissues of db/db mice, and MuRF1 was modified by S-sulfhydration, following treatment with exogenous H2 S, to reduce the interaction between MuRF1 and myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that H2 S regulates MuRF1 S-sulfhydration at Cys44 to prevent myocardial degradation in the cardiac tissues of db/db mice. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dechao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fangping Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingzhu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Dong J, Xu M, Zhang W, Che X. Effects of Sevoflurane Pretreatment on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through the Akt/Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3100-3107. [PMID: 31028241 PMCID: PMC6501450 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sevoflurane (SEV) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its mechanism. Material/Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham group (n=20), I/R group (n=20) and I/R+SEV group (n=20). The I/R model was established by ligating and recanalizing the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) test and echocardiography (ECG) were used for analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was applied to detect the morphological changes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was conducted to detect the apoptosis levels. The expression level of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) was measured. Finally, the effect of SEV on the protein kinase B (Akt)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway was detected via western blotting. Results SEV could significantly improve I/R-induced cardiac insufficiency, inhibit cardiac infarction, and as well as reduce the infarction area from 53.21±2.11% to 32.33±3.49% (P<0.05). Compared with rats in I/R group, the cardiac myofilament was better in alignment, degradation and necrosis were milder, and cell edema was notably reduced in the I/R+SEV group. Thus, SEV could significantly reverse the decreased expression of SOD2 caused by I/R and reduce oxidative stress in the heart (P<0.05). According to the western blotting results, SEV was capable of obviously activating the expressions of phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), HIF-1α, and VEGF. Conclusions SEV can significantly improve myocardial injury caused by I/R in rats, and its mechanism might be related to the activation of the Akt/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Mingjun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangming Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Cheng Mm W, Long Y, Wang H, Han Mm W, Zhang J, Cui N. Role of the mTOR Signalling Pathway in Human Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction. Can J Cardiol 2019; 35:875-883. [PMID: 31292086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a life-threatening complication of sepsis. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is significantly associated with SIMD in an animal model; however, there have been no clinical studies of the association in humans. METHODS We enrolled 88 patients with sepsis who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between April 2017, and April 2018. Biochemical indexes, hemodynamic parameters, and bedside echocardiographic parameters were recorded. Serum levels of mTOR, phosphorylated ribosome S6 protein kinase (PS6K), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 type II (LC3B), Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), interleukin 6, interleukin 10, and interferon-γ were examined. RESULTS Compared with non-SIMD patients, patients with SIMD had higher ICU and 28-day mortality, PS6K and BIM levels, but lower LC3B levels. Serum PS6K levels in patients with SIMD were significantly negatively and positively correlated with LC3B and BIM, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that PS6K concentration at admission was an independent predictor of 28-day mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that a PS6K concentration cutoff of 42.43 pg/mL at ICU admission could predict the incidence of SIMD with a sensitivity and specificity of 91.7% and 96.2%, whereas a cutoff concentration of 41.17 pg/mL PS6K could predict 28-day mortality with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 54.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with sepsis and SIMD had higher ICU and 28-day mortality. Higher serum PS6K concentrations were significantly associated with SIMD incidence and 28-day mortality, suggesting that activation of the mTOR pathway may play a major role in SIMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng Mm
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Long
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Han Mm
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Liu D, Xu L, Zhang X, Shi C, Qiao S, Ma Z, Yuan J. Snapshot: Implications for mTOR in Aging-related Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Aging Dis 2019; 10:116-133. [PMID: 30705773 PMCID: PMC6345330 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging may aggravate the damage and dysfunction of different components of multiorgan and thus increasing multiorgan ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. IR injury occurs in many organs and tissues, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase, involves in the pathophysiological process of IR injury. In this review, we first briefly introduce the molecular features of mTOR, the association between mTOR and aging, and especially its role on autophagy. Special focus is placed on the roles of mTOR during ischemic and IR injury. We then clarify the association between mTOR and conditioning phenomena. Following this background, we expand our discussion to potential future directions of research in this area. Collectively, information reviewed herein will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of mTOR in IR injury and may be significant for the design of future research and increase the potential of mTOR as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Liqun Xu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.,2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.,3Cadet group 3, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.,4Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.,3Cadet group 3, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Changhong Shi
- 4Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shubin Qiao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.,2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Jiansong Yuan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Chang P, Zhang M, Zhang X, Li G, Hu H, Wu J, Wang X, Yang Z, Zhang J, Chen W, Ren M, Li X, Zhu M, Chen B, Yu J. B-type natriuretic peptide attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes underwent hypoxia/reoxygenation injury under high glucose/high fat conditions. Peptides 2019; 111:103-111. [PMID: 29689346 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exogenously administered B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been shown to provide cardioprotection against various heart diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study explores whether BNP exerts its cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury under high glucose/high fat (HG/HF) conditions in cardiac H9c2 cells and uncovers the underlying mechanisms. Our data revealed that BNP significantly increased the cell viability and decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK), with a maximal effect at the BNP concentration of 10-7 mol/L. In addition, by analyzing the activation of cleaved caspase-3 and by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, we showed that BNP attenuated H/R-induced cell apoptosis in HG/HF conditions. Western blot analysis showed enhanced phosphorylation of protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like endoplastmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)(one of the three main signaling pathways in endoplastmic reticulum (ER) stress), and increased expression of GRP78 and CHOP proteins (ER stress-related proteins) in H9c2 cells which underwent H/R in HG/HF conditions. Treatment with BNP or 8-Br-cGMP (an analog of cGMP) reversed this activation. However, this effect was significantly weakened by KT-5823, a selective cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor. In addition, similar to BNP, treatment with a specific inhibitor of ER stress tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) protected the cells against H/R injury exposed to HG/HF conditions. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that BNP effectively protected cells against H/R injury under HG/HF conditions by inhibiting the ER stress via activation of the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of General Practitioner, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihua Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiguo Chen
- Department of General Practitioner, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minggang Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaozhang Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Baoying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|