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Cortez NE, Lanzi CR, Vahmani P, Matsukuma K, Mackenzie GG. Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:479. [PMID: 37818128 PMCID: PMC10561147 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are actively being evaluated for their potential anticancer effects. Although KDs are generally considered safe, their safety profile when combined with chemotherapy remains unknown. It is known that a KD enhances the anticancer effect of gemcitabine (2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxycytidine) in LSL-KrasLSL-G12D/+Trp53R172H/+Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) tumor-bearing mice. In the present study, whether a KD in combination with gemcitabine affected the liver safety profile in KPC mice was evaluated. For this purpose, male and female pancreatic tumor-bearing KPC mice were allocated to a control diet (CD; % kcal: 20% fat, 65% carbohydrate, 15% protein) + gemcitabine [control plus gemcitabine group (CG)] or a KD (% kcal: 84% fat, 15% protein, 1% carbohydrate) + gemcitabine [ketogenic plus gemcitabine group (KG)] for two months. After two months of treatment, no significant differences in body weight were observed between CGs and KGs. Moreover, the KD did not significantly alter the serum protein expression levels of liver enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, the KD did not alter markers of liver-lipid accumulation as well as serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, compared with the CG-treated group. Upon histologic examination, steatosis was rare, with no notable differences between treatment groups. When examining liver fatty acid composition, KD treatment significantly increased the content of saturated fatty acids and significantly decreased levels of cis-monounsaturated fatty acids compared with the CG. Finally, the KD did not affect liver markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, nor the protein expression levels of enzymes involved in ketone bodies, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase and hidroximetilglutaril-CoA sintasa, and glucose metabolism, such as hexokinase 2, pyruvate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase. In summary, a KD in combination with gemcitabine appears to be safe, with no apparent hepatotoxicity and these data support the further evaluation of a KD as an adjuvant dietary treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Cortez
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Payam Vahmani
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Gerardo G. Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Guo F, Xiong H, Tsao R, Shahidi F, Wen X, Liu J, Jiang L, Sun Y. Green Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Hull Polyphenol Extract Alleviates NAFLD through VB6/TLR4/NF-κB and PPAR Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16067-16078. [PMID: 37861789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Green pea hull is a processing byproduct of green pea and rich in polyphenols. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by accumulation of lipids in the liver for which there are no effective treatment strategies. Here, a mouse model of NAFLD induced by a DSS+high-fat diet (HFD) was established to investigate the effect of green pea hull polyphenol extract (EGPH). The results show that EGPH relief of NAFLD was a combined effect, including reducing hepatic fat accumulation, improving antioxidant activity and blood lipid metabolism, and maintaining glucose homeostasis. Increased intestinal permeability aggravated NAFLD. Combined metabolomics and transcriptomic analysis showed that vitamin B6 is the key target substance for EGPH to alleviate NAFLD, and it may be the intestinal flora metabolite. After EGPH intervention, the level of vitamin B6 in mice was significantly increased, and more than 60% in the blood enters the liver, which activated or inhibited PPAR and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways to relieve NAFLD. Our research could be a win-win for expanding the use of green pea hull and the search for NAFLD prophylactic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Xushen Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | | | - Li Jiang
- Jiangxi University of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
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Wiszpolska M, Lepiarczyk E, Maździarz MA, Paukszto Ł, Makowczenko KG, Lipka A, Łopieńska-Biernat E, Makowska K, Gonkowski S, Correia-de-Sá P, Majewska M. The Carcinogenic Potential of Bisphenol A in the Liver Based on Transcriptomic Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5014. [PMID: 37894381 PMCID: PMC10605469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental toxin widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics. A correlation exists between BPA tissue contamination and the occurrence of pathological conditions, including cancer. First-passage detoxification of high BPA amounts in the liver promotes hepatotoxicity and morphological alterations of this organ, but there is a lack of knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena. This prompted us to investigate changes in the liver transcriptomics of 3-month-old female mice exposed to BPA (50 mg/kg) in drinking water for 3 months. Five female mice served as controls. The animals were euthanized, the livers were collected, and RNA was extracted to perform RNA-seq analysis. The multistep transcriptomic bioinformatics revealed 120 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the BPA-exposed samples. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations indicated that DEGs have been assigned to many biological processes, including "macromolecule modification" and "protein metabolic process". Several of the revealed DEGs have been linked to the pathogenesis of severe metabolic liver disorders and malignant tumors, in particular hepatocellular carcinoma. Data from this study suggest that BPA has a significant impact on gene expression in the liver, which is predictive of the carcinogenic potential of this compound in this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wiszpolska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Lepiarczyk
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mateusz A Maździarz
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Paukszto
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karol G Makowczenko
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lipka
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krystyna Makowska
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sławomir Gonkowski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Majewska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
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Arrari F, Jabri MA, Ayari A, Dakhli N, Ben Fayala C, Boubaker S, Sebai H. Chromatographic Analyses of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and Mechanism of Its Protective Effects against Experimental Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1823. [PMID: 37893541 PMCID: PMC10608300 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity is currently a major health problem due to fatty acid accumulation and excess intake of energy, which leads to an increase in oxidative stress, particularly in the liver. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of spirulina (SP) against cafeteria diet (CD)-induced obesity, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into four groups and received daily treatments for eight weeks as follows: control group fed a standard diet (SD 360 g/d); cafeteria diet group (CD 360 g/d); spirulina group (SP 500 mg/kg); and CD + SP group (500 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) according to body weight (b.w.) per oral (p.o.). Results: Our results show that treatment with a CD increased the weights of the body, liver, and abdominal fat. Additionally, severe hepatic alteration, disturbances in the metabolic parameters of serum, and lipotoxicity associated with oxidative stress in response to the CD-induced obesity were observed. However, SP treatment significantly reduced the liver alteration of CD feed and lipid profile disorder associated with obesity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that spirulina has a marked potential therapeutic effect against obesity and mitigates disturbances in liver function parameters, histological alterations, and oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Arrari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Ala Ayari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Nouha Dakhli
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Chayma Ben Fayala
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
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Arumugam MK, Gopal T, Kalari Kandy RR, Boopathy LK, Perumal SK, Ganesan M, Rasineni K, Donohue TM, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1311. [PMID: 37887021 PMCID: PMC10604291 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a major metabolic organ that performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification and the synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. Any disruption in normal liver function can lead to the development of more severe liver disorders. Overall, about 3 million Americans have some type of liver disease and 5.5 million people have progressive liver disease or cirrhosis, in which scar tissue replaces the healthy liver tissue. An estimated 20% to 30% of adults have excess fat in their livers, a condition called steatosis. The most common etiologies for steatosis development are (1) high caloric intake that causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and (2) excessive alcohol consumption, which results in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). NAFLD is now termed "metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease" (MASLD), which reflects its association with the metabolic syndrome and conditions including diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity. ALD represents a spectrum of liver injury that ranges from hepatic steatosis to more advanced liver pathologies, including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC) and acute AH, presenting as acute-on-chronic liver failure. The predominant liver cells, hepatocytes, comprise more than 70% of the total liver mass in human adults and are the basic metabolic cells. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that are the principal sources of energy in hepatocytes and play a major role in oxidative metabolism and sustaining liver cell energy needs. In addition to regulating cellular energy homeostasis, mitochondria perform other key physiologic and metabolic activities, including ion homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, redox signaling and participation in cell injury/death. Here, we discuss the main mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic liver disease and some treatment strategies available for targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | | | - Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | - Sathish Kumar Perumal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Karuna Rasineni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
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Nakanishi T, Kawasaki Y, Nakamura Y, Kimura Y, Kawamura K, Shumba MN, Shimokawa N. An implication of the mitochondrial carrier SLC25A3 as an oxidative stress modulator in NAFLD. Exp Cell Res 2023; 431:113740. [PMID: 37557977 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of steatosis not associated with excessive alcohol intake and includes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to advanced fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes oxidative stress, triggering hepatocyte death and inflammation; therefore, the present study aimed to explore relationship between mitochondrial carriers and oxidative stress. Firstly, we established a high fat diet (HFD)-fed ICR mouse NAFLD model characterized by obesity with insulin resistance and found transcriptional upregulation of Slc25a17 and downregulation of Slc25a3 (isoform B) and Slc25a13 in their fatty liver. A mitochondrial phosphate and Cu carrier, SLC25A3, was further studied in wild-type (wt) and SLC25A3-defective HepG2 cells (C1 and C3). SLC25A3 deficiency had insignificant effect on mitochondrial membrane potential (MtMP) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in untreated cells but suppressed them when cells were exposed to oleic acid. C1 and C3 cells were prone to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased ROS was associated with reduced mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 1 and glutathione disulfide reductase (GSX) in these cell lines. Interestingly, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Cu accumulation significantly reduced in C1 cells, demonstrating a predominant contribution of SLC25A3 to Cu transport into mitochondrial matrix. Cytotoxicity of free fatty acids was unchanged between wt and SLC25A3-deficient cells. These results indicate that reduced expression of SLC25A3 in fatty liver contributes to electron leak from mitochondria by limiting Cu availability, rendering hepatocytes more susceptible to oxidative stress. This study provides evidence that SLC25A3 is a novel risk factor for developing NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kawasaki
- Laboratory for Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Nakamura
- Laboratory for Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Yuuki Kimura
- Laboratory for Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Laboratory for Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Melody N Shumba
- Laboratory for Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Noriaki Shimokawa
- Laboratory for Nutritional Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan
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Zhang R, Zhang H, Wang Y, Tang LJ, Li G, Huang OY, Chen SD, Targher G, Byrne CD, Gu BB, Zheng MH. Higher consumption of animal organ meat is associated with a lower prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2023; 12:645-657. [PMID: 37886189 PMCID: PMC10598295 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-21-468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Animal organ meat (offal) is a food with high nutrient density that is popular in different parts of the world, but its relationship with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is unclear. We aimed to examine whether daily animal organ meat consumption is associated with the presence of NASH in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 136 Chinese adults with biopsy-proven NAFLD were included. Definite NASH was defined as NAFLD activity score ≥4 and at least one point for steatosis, ballooning, and lobular inflammation. Daily animal organ meat consumption was estimated using a self-administered validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between animal organ meat intake and liver disease severity. Results The 136 participants (80.9% men) of the study had a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 39.0±12.5 years and body mass index of 27.4±3.6 kg/m2. Prevalence of definite NASH was 65.4%. Daily median organ meat consumption was 1.30 g/1,000 kcal. Animal organ meat consumption was inversely associated with the presence of NASH even after adjustment of demographics, lifestyle variables, metabolic and dietary factors, as well as liver fibrosis stage; adjusted-odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for NASH were 0.15 (0.03, 0.69) for the highest tertile and 0.18 (0.05, 0.70) for the medium tertile, compared to the lowest (reference) tertile of animal organ meat intake (P value for trend =0.024). Conclusions Our results suggest for the first time that higher animal organ meat consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of NASH in Chinese individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huai Zhang
- Biostatistics and Medical Quality Management Office, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang-Jie Tang
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ou-Yang Huang
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sui-Dan Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Bin-Bin Gu
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
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Thai SF, Jones CP, Robinette BL, Ren H, Vallanat B, Fisher A, Kitchin KT. Differential genomic effects of four nano-sized and one micro-sized CeO 2 particles on HepG2 cells. MATERIALS EXPRESS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY MATERIALS RESEARCH 2023; 13:1799-1811. [PMID: 38009104 PMCID: PMC10667950 DOI: 10.1166/mex.2023.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to perform a genomics study of five cerium oxide particles, 4 nano and one micrometer-sized particles which have been studied previously by our group with respect to cytotoxicity, biochemistry and metabolomics. Human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells were exposed to between 0.3 to 300 ug/ml of CeO2 particles for 72 hours and then total RNA was harvested. Fatty acid accumulation was observed with W4, X5, Z7 and less with Q but not Y6. The gene expression changes in the fatty acid metabolism genes correlated the fatty acid accumulation we detected in the prior metabolomics study for the CeO2 particles named W4, Y6, Z7 and Q, but not for X5. In particular, the observed genomics effects on fatty acid uptake and fatty acid oxidation offer a possible explanation of why many CeO2 particles increase cellular free fatty acid concentrations in HepG2 cells. The major genomic changes observed in this study were sirtuin, ubiquitination signaling pathways, NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction. The sirtuin pathway was affected by many CeO2 particle treatments. Sirtuin signaling itself is sensitive to oxidative stress state of the cells and may be an important contributor in CeO2 particle induced fatty acid accumulation. Ubiquitination pathway regulates many protein functions in the cells, including sirtuin signaling, NRF2 mediated stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial were reported to be altered in many nanoparticles treated cells. All these pathways may contribute to the fatty acid accumulation in the CeO2 particle treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheau-Fung Thai
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Carlton P Jones
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Brian L Robinette
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Hongzu Ren
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Beena Vallanat
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Anna Fisher
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Kirk T Kitchin
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham NC 27709 USA
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Li R, Li M, Bidulescu A, Fly AD, Luo J. Diets with Higher Anti-inflammatory Potential Associated with Lower Risk of Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Early-Stage of Fibrosis Among US Adults. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:4009-4021. [PMID: 37535123 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence of how dietary inflammatory potential influences nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. AIMS Our study aims to evaluate the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with liver fibrosis, a hallmark feature of NAFLD, among US adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data consisting of 5,506 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018 were used. Energy adjusted-DII (E-DII) scores were calculated using 2 days of 24-h dietary recall data. We used a partial proportional odds model to determine risk at each stage of fibrosis according to the E-DII score. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of NAFLD (assessed by US fatty liver index) was 34.5%, with 23.2% (assessed by NAFLD Fibrosis Score) having mild fibrosis, 10.4% intermediate fibrosis, and 0.9% advanced fibrosis. When comparing the most pro-inflammatory diets to the most anti-inflammatory diets (AIDs) in the multivariable model, the marginal probability effect (MPE) of NAFLD, mild fibrosis and intermediate fibrosis increased by 11.7% (95% CI 6.6%, 16.9%), 7.0% (95% CI 3.5%, 10.4%) and 4.0% (95% CI 0.3%, 7.5%), respectively. The MPE of advanced fibrosis was not significant (MPE = 0.7%; 95% CI - 1.1%, 2.8%). Similar associations were observed when applying Fibrosis-4 and transient elastography as fibrosis diagnostic measurements. CONCLUSIONS An AID was associated with lower risk of development of NAFLD and early-stage of fibrosis among US adults. But the associations became attenuated and dissipated as the fibrogenesis became severe. Further studies are needed to re-confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Aurelian Bidulescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Alyce D Fly
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
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Martín-Grau M, Pardo-Tendero M, Casanova P, Dromant M, Marrachelli VG, Morales JM, Borrás C, Pisoni S, Maestrini S, Di Blasio AM, Monleon D. Altered Lipid Moieties and Carbonyls in a Wistar Rat Dietary Model of Subclinical Fatty Liver: Potential Sex-Specific Biomarkers of Early Fatty Liver Disease? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1808. [PMID: 37891887 PMCID: PMC10604774 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which excess fat builds up in the liver. To date, there is a lack of knowledge about the subtype of lipid structures affected in the early stages of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to analyze serum and liver lipid moieties, specifically unsaturations and carbonyls, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in a subclinical Wistar rat model of NAFLD for detecting early alterations and potential sex dimorphisms. Twelve weeks of a high-fat diet (HFD) induced fat accumulation in the liver to a similar extent in male and female Wistar rats. In addition to total liver fat accumulation, Wistar rats showed a shift in lipid subtype composition. HFD rats displayed increased lipid carbonyls in both liver and serum, and decreased in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with a much stronger effect in male than female animals. Our results revealed that the change in fat was not only quantitative but also qualitative, with dramatic shifts in relevant lipid structures. Finally, we compared the results found in Wistar rats with an analysis in a human patient cohort of extreme obesity. For the first time to our knowledge, lipid carbonyl levels and lipoproteins profiles were analyzed in the context of subclinical NAFLD. The association found between lipid carbonyls and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a human cohort of extremely obese individuals further supports the potential role of lipid moieties as biomarkers of early NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Grau
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Pardo-Tendero
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Casanova
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mar Dromant
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vannina G Marrachelli
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Morales
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Serena Pisoni
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabrina Maestrini
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20145 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna M Di Blasio
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20145 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniel Monleon
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valencia Research Foundation (INCLIVA), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERFES_ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Li X, Zhan F, Peng T, Xia Z, Li J. Association between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:355. [PMID: 37726807 PMCID: PMC10507838 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), as a surrogate of insulin resistance (IR), is closely associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the association between the TyG index and NAFLD in atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the association between the TyG index and NAFLD in AF. METHODS This retrospective study was performed at Nanchang University's Second Affiliated Hospital. The AF patients who were hospitalized from January 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled. The association between the TyG index and NAFLD in AF patients was assessed by logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis. The ability of TyG index for identifying NAFLD was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). RESULTS In this study, 632 people participated in the final analysis, with 176 (27.84%) having NAFLD. In the full adjustment model, there is an association between the TyG index and NAFLD [per 1 unit increment; odds ratios (ORs): 3.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.14, 5.03]. Compared to the lowest tertile (TyG index < 8.29), the ORs for the highest tertile (TyG index ≥ 8.82) were 4.15 (95%CI: 2.28, 7.53). Dose-response analysis showed that the TyG index and NAFLD have a nearly linear relationship (P non-linear = 0.71). The area under the curve (AUC) of the TyG index is 0.735. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed a significant association between the TyG index and NAFLD. The TyG index may be a good marker for predicting NAFLD in AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Fenfang Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tian Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhen Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Robea MA, Balmus IM, Girleanu I, Huiban L, Muzica C, Ciobica A, Stanciu C, Cimpoesu CD, Trifan A. Coagulation Dysfunctions in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Relevance. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1614. [PMID: 37763733 PMCID: PMC10535217 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases. Its incidence is progressively rising and it is possibly becoming a worldwide epidemic. NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of diseases accounting for the chronic accumulation of fat within the hepatocytes due to various causes, excluding excessive alcohol consumption. In this study, we aimed to focus on finding evidence regarding the implications of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes that form the multifaceted pathophysiological tableau in relation to thrombotic events that co-occur in NAFLD and associated chronic liver diseases. Recent evidence on the pathophysiology of NAFLD suggests that a complex pattern of multidirectional components, such as prooxidative, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic components, better explains the multiple factors that promote the mechanisms underlying the fatty acid excess and subsequent processes. As there is extensive evidence on the multi-component nature of NAFLD pathophysiology, further studies could address the complex interactions that underlie the development and progression of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to describe possible pathophysiological mechanisms connecting the molecular impairments with the various clinical manifestations, focusing especially on the interactions among oxidative stress, inflammation, and coagulation dysfunctions. Thus, we described the possible bidirectional modulation among coagulation homeostasis, oxidative stress, and inflammation that occurs in the various stages of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Andreea Robea
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Alexandru Lapusneanu Street, No. 26, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Girleanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Huiban
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Muzica
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei nr. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Carmen Diana Cimpoesu
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency County Hospital “Sf. Spiridon”, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, Blvd. Independentei 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Trifan
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
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Kose T, Moreno-Fernandez J, Vera-Aviles M, Sharp PA, Latunde-Dada GO. Ferulic acid protects HepG2 cells and mouse liver from iron-induced damage. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101521. [PMID: 37560439 PMCID: PMC10407627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver as iron storage organ is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress-induced injury from excess iron. Thus, antioxidant therapies are often used to reverse oxidative damage and protect cells and tissues. This study investigated the protective effects of phenolic acids; ferulic acid (FA) and its metabolite, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate disodium salt (FAS) against oxidative stress under iron overload conditions in mouse and HepG2 cells. Cells were exposed to FA or FAS and then treated with iron-induced oxidative stress complex of 50 μmol/L FAC and 20 μmol/L of 8-hydroxyquinoline 8HQ (8HQ-FAC). Iron dextran was injected intraperitoneally on alternate days for 10 days to induce the iron overload condition in BALB/c mice. The study revealed that the phenolic acids were protective against ROS production, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion in HepG2 cells and liver tissues of BALB/c mice during iron-induced oxidative stress. The protective function of phenolic acids was achieved by the transcriptional activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to regulate antioxidant genes. In conclusion, the study provides evidence that FA has the potential as a therapeutic agent against iron-related diseases such as T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kose
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Mayra Vera-Aviles
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Paul A. Sharp
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Gladys O. Latunde-Dada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Nam Y, Kim M, Erdenebileg S, Cha KH, Ryu DH, Kim HY, Lee SH, Jung JH, Nho CW. Sanguisorba officinalis L. Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Fatty Acid Oxidation, and Gut Microbiota in CDAHFD-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3779. [PMID: 37686810 PMCID: PMC10490207 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases and encompasses non-alcoholic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis. Sanguisorba officinalis L. (SO) roots have traditionally been used for their antioxidant properties and have beneficial effects on metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity. However, its effects on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of a 95% ethanolic SO extract (SOEE) on NAFLD and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. The SOEE was orally administered to C57BL/6J mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino-acid-defined, high-fat diet for 10 weeks. The SOEE inhibited hepatic steatosis by modulating hepatic malondialdehyde levels and the expression of oxidative stress-associated genes, regulating fatty-acid-oxidation-related genes, and inhibiting the expression of genes that are responsible for fibrosis. The SOEE suppressed the deposition of extracellular matrix hydroxyproline and mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated genes. The SOEE decreased the expression of fibrosis-related genes in vitro by inhibiting SMAD2/3 phosphorylation. Furthermore, the SOEE restored the gut microbial diversity and modulated specific bacterial genera associated with NAFLD and fibrosis. This study suggests that SOEE might be the potential candidate for inhibiting hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by modulating oxidative stress, fatty acid oxidation, and gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunseong Nam
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Saruul Erdenebileg
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Ryu
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Ho Youn Kim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Su Hyeon Lee
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Je Hyeong Jung
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.E.); (K.H.C.); (H.Y.K.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.H.R.); (S.H.L.); (J.H.J.)
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Thomaz MS, Sertorio MN, Gazarini ML, Ribeiro DA, Pisani LP, Nagaoka MR. Effect of Kinins on the Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Mice Treated with a Methionine-Choline Deficient Diet. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2199. [PMID: 37626696 PMCID: PMC10452290 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver is the leading cause of hepatic disease worldwide and ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) due to cell injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The kinins' role in the liver has been studied in experimental fibrosis, partial hepatectomy, and ischemia-reperfusion and is related to cell death and regeneration. We investigated its role in experimental NASH induced by a methionine-choline deficient diet for 4 weeks. After that, liver perfusion was performed, and bradykinin (BK) or des-Arg9-BK was infused. Cell death was evaluated by cathepsin-B and caspase-3 activity and oxidative stress by catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as malondialdehyde and carbonylated proteins. In control livers, DABK increased CAT activity, which was reversed by antagonist DALBK. In the NASH group, kinins tend to decrease antioxidant activity, with SOD activity being significantly reduced by BK and DABK. Malondialdehyde levels increased in all NASH groups, but carbonylated protein did not. DABK significantly decreased cathepsin-B in the NASH group, while caspase-3 was increased by BK in control animals. Our results suggest that B1R and/or B2R activation did not induce oxidative stress but affected the antioxidant system, reducing SOD in the NASH group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcia Regina Nagaoka
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto Saúde Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil; (M.S.T.)
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Ziółkowska S, Kosmalski M, Kołodziej Ł, Jabłkowska A, Szemraj JZ, Pietras T, Jabłkowski M, Czarny PL. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Base-Excision Repair-Related Genes Involved in the Risk of an Occurrence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11307. [PMID: 37511066 PMCID: PMC10379279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the pillars crucial in the development of a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may cause DNA damage. Since the main pathway responsible for the repair of oxidative DNA damage is the base-excision repair (BER) pathway, we examined the relationship between the presence of different genetic variants of BER-associated genes and the risk of NAFLD. The study evaluates seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within five genes, hOGG1, APEX1, NEIL1, LIG3, LIG1, in 150 NAFLD patients and 340 healthy controls. The genotyping was performed using TaqMan probes and the results were presented as odds ratio with its corresponding 95% confidence interval. The following SNPs were assessed in the study: hOGG1 (rs1052133), APEX1 (rs176094 and rs1130409), NEIL1 (rs4462560), LIG3 (rs1052536), LIG3 (rs4796030), and LIG1 (rs20579). Four of the investigated SNPs, i.e., rs176094, rs1130409, rs4462560 and rs4796030, were found to be associated with NAFLD risk. Furthermore, the occurrence of insulin resistance in patients with steatosis depended on various LIG3 genetic variants. The findings imply the impact of genes involved in BER on NAFLD and fatty liver-related insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ziółkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kołodziej
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jabłkowska
- Department of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Jabłkowski
- Department of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Lech Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Ge T, Shao Y, Bao X, Xu W, Lu C. Cellular senescence in liver diseases: From mechanisms to therapies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110522. [PMID: 37385123 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest, characterized by a gradual decline in cell proliferation, differentiation, and biological functions. Cellular senescence is double-edged for that it can provoke organ repair and regeneration in physiological conditions but contribute to organ and tissue dysfunction and prime multiple chronic diseases in pathological conditions. The liver has a strong regenerative capacity, where cellular senescence and regeneration are closely involved. Herein, this review firstly introduces the morphological manifestations of senescent cells, the major regulators (p53, p21, and p16), and the core pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying senescence process, and then specifically generalizes the role and interventions of cellular senescence in multiple liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusion, this review focuses on interpreting the importance of cellular senescence in liver diseases and summarizes potential senescence-related regulatory targets, aiming to provide new insights for further researches on cellular senescence regulation and therapeutic developments for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyun Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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68
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Geng N, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Song J, Yu L, Wu C. Effects of Modified Dietary Fiber from Fresh Corn Bracts on Obesity and Intestinal Microbiota in High-Fat-Diet Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:4949. [PMID: 37446612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of insoluble dietary fiber from fresh corn bracts modified by dynamic high-pressure micro-fluidization (DHPM) on the pathological characteristics of obesity, intestinal microflora distribution and production of short-chain fatty acids in high-fat-diet C57BL/6 mice were evaluated. The results show that the DHPM-modified dietary fiber from fresh corn bracts significantly reduces weight gain, insulin resistance and oxidative damage caused by a high-fat diet, and promotes the production of SCFAs, especially acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid. These modified dietary fibers also change the proportion of different types of bacteria in the intestinal microflora of mice, reduce the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota and promote the proliferation of Bifidobacteriales. Therefore, the DHPM-modified dietary fiber from fresh corn bracts can be used as a good intestinal microbiota regulator to promote intestinal health, thereby achieving the role of preventing and treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Geng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiangfeng Song
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lijun Yu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Caie Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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69
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Ma B, Ju A, Zhang S, An Q, Xu S, Liu J, Yu L, Fu Y, Luo Y. Albumosomes formed by cytoplasmic pre-folding albumin maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:229. [PMID: 37321990 PMCID: PMC10272166 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the factors that maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, especially in hepatocytes, are largely unknown. Hepatocytes synthesize various high-level plasma proteins, among which albumin is most abundant. In this study, we found that pre-folding albumin in the cytoplasm is completely different from folded albumin in the serum. Mechanistically, endogenous pre-folding albumin undergoes phase transition in the cytoplasm to form a shell-like spherical structure, which we call the "albumosome". Albumosomes interact with and trap pre-folding carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) in the cytoplasm. Albumosomes control the excessive sorting of CPT2 to the mitochondria under high-fat-diet-induced stress conditions; in this way, albumosomes maintain mitochondrial homeostasis from exhaustion. Physiologically, albumosomes accumulate in hepatocytes during murine aging and protect the livers of aged mice from mitochondrial damage and fat deposition. Morphologically, mature albumosomes have a mean diameter of 4μm and are surrounded by heat shock protein Hsp90 and Hsp70 family proteins, forming a larger shell. The Hsp90 inhibitor 17-AAG promotes hepatic albumosomal accumulation in vitro and in vivo, through which suppressing the progression of NAFLD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Anji Ju
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Shaosen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Qi An
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Siran Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, 518025, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- The National Engineering Research Center for Protein Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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70
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Maleki E, Sadeghpour A, Taherifard E, Izadi B, Pasalar M, Akbari M. The effects of chicory supplementation on liver enzymes and lipid profiles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical evidence. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 55:447-454. [PMID: 37202083 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The beneficial effects of Cichorium intybus L., chicory, in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are controversial. This review aimed to systematically summarize the evidence on the effects of chicory on liver function and lipid profile in patients with NAFLD. METHODS Online databases of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and grey literature were searched for relevant randomized clinical trials. Weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect sizes and a random-effects model was used to pool the data. Besides, sensitivity analyses and publication bias analysis were performed. RESULTS In total, five articles containing 197 patients with NAFLD were included. The study showed that chicory significantly decreased the levels of both aspartate transaminase (WMD: -7.07 U/L, 95%CI: -13.82 to -0.32) and alanine transaminase (WMD: -17.53 U/L, 95%CI: -32.64 to -2.42). However, no significant effects on alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and the components of the lipid profile were observed with the use of chicory. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis showed that chicory supplementation may exert potential hepatoprotective effects in patients with NAFLD. However, for widespread recommendations, more studies with a higher number of patients and longer periods of intervention are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Maleki
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Sadeghpour
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Erfan Taherifard
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Shiraz School for Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Izadi
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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71
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Heinle JW, DiJoseph K, Sabag A, Oh S, Kimball SR, Keating S, Stine JG. Exercise Is Medicine for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Exploration of Putative Mechanisms. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112452. [PMID: 37299416 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise remains a key component of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment. The mechanisms that underpin improvements in NAFLD remain the focus of much exploration in our attempt to better understand how exercise benefits patients with NAFLD. In this review, we summarize the available scientific literature in terms of mechanistic studies which explore the role of exercise training in modulating fatty acid metabolism, reducing hepatic inflammation, and improving liver fibrosis. This review highlights that beyond simple energy expenditure, the activation of key receptors and pathways may influence the degree of NAFLD-related improvements with some pathways being sensitive to exercise type, intensity, and volume. Importantly, each therapeutic target of exercise training in this review is also the focus of previous or ongoing drug development studies in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and even when a regulatory-agency-approved drug comes to market, exercise will likely remain an integral component in the clinical management of patients with NAFLD and NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Westley Heinle
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Kara DiJoseph
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Angelo Sabag
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sechang Oh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, R Professional University of Rehabilitation, Tsuchiura 300-0032, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Shelley Keating
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jonathan G Stine
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Fatty Liver Program, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Liver Center, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Cancer Institute, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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72
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Zhai M, Zhang C, Cui J, Liu J, Li Y, Xie K, Luo E, Tang C. Electromagnetic fields ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress: potential role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/SREBP-1c and Nrf2 pathways. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:51. [PMID: 37217972 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, and is related to disturbed lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis. However, a definitive drug treatment has not been approved for this disease. Studies have found that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can ameliorate hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS NAFLD models were established by feeding mice a high-fat diet. Simultaneously, EMF exposure is performed. The effects of the EMF on hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress were investigated. Additionally, the AMPK and Nrf2 pathways were analysed to confirm whether they were activated by the EMF. RESULTS Exposure to EMF decreased the body weight, liver weight and serum triglyceride (TG) levels and restrained the excessive hepatic lipid accumulation caused by feeding the HFD. The EMF boosted CaMKKβ protein expression, activated AMPK phosphorylation and suppressed mature SREBP-1c protein expression. Meanwhile, the activity of GSH-Px was enhanced following an increase in nuclear Nrf2 protein expression by PEMF. However, no change was observed in the activities of SOD and CAT. Consequently, EMF reduced hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA levels, which means that EMF relieved liver damage caused by oxidative stress in HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS EMF may activate the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SREBP-1c and Nrf2 pathways to control hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress. This investigation indicates that EMF may be a novel therapeutic method for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinxiu Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China.
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Dolce A, Della Torre S. Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102335. [PMID: 37242221 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease and represents an increasing public health issue given the limited treatment options and its association with several other metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The epidemic, still growing prevalence of NAFLD worldwide cannot be merely explained by changes in diet and lifestyle that occurred in the last few decades, nor from their association with genetic and epigenetic risk factors. It is conceivable that environmental pollutants, which act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors, may contribute to the spreading of this pathology due to their ability to enter the food chain and be ingested through contaminated food and water. Given the strict interplay between nutrients and the regulation of hepatic metabolism and reproductive functions in females, pollutant-induced metabolic dysfunctions may be of particular relevance for the female liver, dampening sex differences in NAFLD prevalence. Dietary intake of environmental pollutants can be particularly detrimental during gestation, when endocrine-disrupting chemicals may interfere with the programming of liver metabolism, accounting for the developmental origin of NAFLD in offspring. This review summarizes cause-effect evidence between environmental pollutants and increased incidence of NAFLD and emphasizes the need for further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Dolce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Della Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Paoli A, Cerullo G. Investigating the Link between Ketogenic Diet, NAFLD, Mitochondria, and Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051065. [PMID: 37237931 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Together with the global rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of individuals who suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen dramatically. NAFLD is currently the most common chronic liver disease and includes a continuum of liver disorders from initial fat accumulation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), considered the more severe forms, which can evolve in, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Common features of NAFLD includes altered lipid metabolism mainly linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, which, as a vicious cycle, aggravates oxidative stress and promotes inflammation and, as a consequence, the progressive death of hepatocytes and the severe form of NAFLD. A ketogenic diet (KD), i.e., a diet very low in carbohydrates (<30 g/die) that induces "physiological ketosis", has been demonstrated to alleviate oxidative stress and restore mitochondrial function. Based on this, the aim of the present review is to analyze the body of evidence regarding the potential therapeutic role of KD in NAFLD, focusing on the interplay between mitochondria and the liver, the effects of ketosis on oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of KD on liver and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Zhao J, Li X, Xu Y, Li Y, Zheng L, Luan T. Toxic effects of long-term dual or single exposure to oxytetracycline and arsenic on Xenopus tropicalis living in duck wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:431-440. [PMID: 36522075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct discharge of aquaculture wastewater may have toxic effects, due to the presence of heavy metals, antibiotics, and even resistant pathogens, but little attention has been given. Here, tanks simulating a wild ecosystem were built to study the effects of long-term exposure to duck wastewater containing oxytetracycline (OTC) and/or arsenic (As) on the growth, physiological function, and gut microbiota evolution of Xenopus tropicalis. The results showed that duck wastewater had no apparent impact on X. tropicalis, but the impact increased significantly (P < 0.05) with exposure to OTC and/or As, especially the impact on body weight and growth rate. Biochemical indicators revealed varying degrees of oxidative stress damage, hepatotoxicity (inflammation, necrosis, and sinusoids), and collagen fibrosis of X. tropicalis in all treated groups after 72 days of exposure, which indirectly inhibited X. tropicalis growth. Moreover, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results showed that the gut microbiota structure and metabolic function were perturbed after chronic exposure, which might be the leading cause of growth inhibition. Interestingly, the abundance of intestinal resistance genes (RGs) increased with exposure time owing to the combined direct and indirect effects of stress factors in duck wastewater. Moreover, once the RGs were expressed, the resistance persisted for at least 24 days, especially that conferred by tetA. These results provide evidence of the toxic effects of DW containing OTC (0.1-4.0 mg/L) and/or As (0.3-3.5 µg/L) on amphibians and indicate that it is vital to limit the usage of heavy metals and antibiotics on farms to control the biotoxicity of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanbin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Kasano-Camones CI, Takizawa M, Ohshima N, Saito C, Iwasaki W, Nakagawa Y, Fujitani Y, Yoshida R, Saito Y, Izumi T, Terawaki SI, Sakaguchi M, Gonzalez FJ, Inoue Y. PPARα activation partially drives NAFLD development in liver-specific Hnf4a-null mice. J Biochem 2023; 173:393-411. [PMID: 36779417 PMCID: PMC10433406 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
HNF4α regulates various genes to maintain liver function. There have been reports linking HNF4α expression to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this study, liver-specific Hnf4a-deficient mice (Hnf4aΔHep mice) developed hepatosteatosis and liver fibrosis, and they were found to have difficulty utilizing glucose. In Hnf4aΔHep mice, the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes, which are PPARα target genes, was increased in contrast to the decreased expression of PPARα, suggesting that Hnf4aΔHep mice take up more lipids in the liver instead of glucose. Furthermore, Hnf4aΔHep/Ppara-/- mice, which are simultaneously deficient in HNF4α and PPARα, showed improved hepatosteatosis and fibrosis. Increased C18:1 and C18:1/C18:0 ratio was observed in the livers of Hnf4aΔHep mice, and the transactivation of PPARα target gene was induced by C18:1. When the C18:1/C18:0 ratio was close to that of Hnf4aΔHep mouse liver, a significant increase in transactivation was observed. In addition, the expression of Pgc1a, a coactivator of PPARs, was increased, suggesting that elevated C18:1 and Pgc1a expression could contribute to PPARα activation in Hnf4aΔHep mice. These insights may contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for NAFLD by focusing on the HNF4α and PPARα signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ichiro Kasano-Camones
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takizawa
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Ohshima
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Saito
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Wakana Iwasaki
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Metabolism, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujitani
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Metabolism, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshida
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Saito
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Takashi Izumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
- Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo 170-8445, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Terawaki
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
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Fu H, Yu H, Zhao Y, Chen J, Liu Z. Association between hypertension and the prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:85. [PMID: 37081417 PMCID: PMC10116756 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequently coexist and share pathophysiological symptoms. Based on the liver stiffness measurement and controlled attenuation parameter obtained by performing liver transient ultrasound elastography (TUE), we determined the relationship between HTN status and the rates of liver steatosis and fibrosis in this study. METHODS To perform this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2017-March 2020 Pre-pandemic cycle. The relationship between HTN and the rates of liver steatosis and fibrosis was analyzed by constructing a multivariate logistic regression model. The VCTE was performed using a FibroScan® system (model 502, V2 Touch), and CAP was measured at ≥ 274 dB/m for liver steatosis, and the LSM result (median, ≥ 8 kPa) confirmed fibrosis. We also conducted subgroup analyses based on the age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) of the patients. RESULTS In total, 4,705 participants were recruited, including 2,287 participants with HTN and 2,418 without HTN. After adjusting possible confounders, HTN was positively related to the liver steatosis rate (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.8). Such HTN-associated prevalence was higher among males (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), non-Hispanic African American individuals (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7), and participants with BMI ≥ 25 < 30 kg/m2 (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.5). Additionally, HTN was positively associated with the fibrosis rate (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3-3.0), especially among females (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.2), among individuals who were 40-59 years old (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0-4.3), 60-80 years old (OR = 2.4, 95% CI:1.3-4.6), non-Hispanic Caucasian (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.5-5.6), among those with BMI ≥ 25 < 30 kg/m2 (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.1-8.2), and those with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.2). CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that HTN status was associated with higher rates of liver steatosis and fibrosis, particularly in subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The ethnicity of the participants also had an impact on the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjie Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300150, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300150, China
| | - Yisheng Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300150, China
| | - Jinhong Chen
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.
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78
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Shen L, Yang Y, Zhang J, Feng L, Zhou Q. Diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato ( Ipomoeabatatas L.) attenuate hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia in mice induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:587-601. [PMID: 37455136 PMCID: PMC10350372 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that targeting xanthine oxidase (XO) can be a feasible treatment for fructose-induced hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate the dual regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (diacylated AF-PSPs) on hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet. The body weight, organ index, serum biochemical indexes, and liver antioxidant indexes of mice were measured, and the kidneys were observed in pathological sections. The relative expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of fructose metabolism pathway enzymes in kidney were detected by fluorescent real-time quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) reaction technique, and the expression of renal transporter protein and inflammatory factor pathway protein was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. Results showed that diacylated AF-PSPs alleviated hyperuricemia in mice, and that this effect might be related to the regulation of liver XO activity, lipid accumulation, and relevant renal transporters. Diacylated AF-PSPs reduced body weight and relieved lipid metabolism disorder, liver lipid accumulation, and liver oxidative stress, thereby enhancing insulin utilization and sensitivity, lowering blood sugar, and reducing hyperglycemia in mice. Also, diacylated AF-PSPs restored mRNA levels related to renal fructose metabolism, and reduced kidney injury and inflammation. This study provided experimental evidence for the mechanisms of dual regulation of blood glucose and uric acid (UA) by diacylated AF-PSPs and their utilization as functional foods in the management of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhong Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lanjie Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan City Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
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79
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Müller FA, Stamou M, Englert FH, Frenzel O, Diedrich S, Suter-Dick L, Wambaugh JF, Sturla SJ. In vitro to in vivo extrapolation and high-content imaging for simultaneous characterization of chemically induced liver steatosis and markers of hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1701-1721. [PMID: 37046073 PMCID: PMC10182956 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemically induced steatosis is characterized by lipid accumulation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and nucleus distortion. New approach methods integrating in vitro and in silico models are needed to identify chemicals that may induce these cellular events as potential risk factors for steatosis and associated hepatotoxicity. In this study we used high-content imaging for the simultaneous quantification of four cellular markers as sentinels for hepatotoxicity and steatosis in chemically exposed human liver cells in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the results with a computational model for the extrapolation of human oral equivalent doses (OED). First, we tested 16 reference chemicals with known capacities to induce cellular alterations in nuclear morphology, lipid accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative stress. Then, using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and reverse dosimetry, OEDs were extrapolated from data of any stimulated individual sentinel response. The extrapolated OEDs were confirmed to be within biologically relevant exposure ranges for the reference chemicals. Next, we tested 14 chemicals found in food, selected from thousands of putative chemicals on the basis of structure-based prediction for nuclear receptor activation. Amongst these, orotic acid had an extrapolated OED overlapping with realistic exposure ranges. Thus, we were able to characterize known steatosis-inducing chemicals as well as data-scarce food-related chemicals, amongst which we confirmed orotic acid to induce hepatotoxicity. This strategy addresses needs of next generation risk assessment and can be used as a first chemical prioritization hazard screening step in a tiered approach to identify chemical risk factors for steatosis and hepatotoxicity-associated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice A Müller
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Stamou
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix H Englert
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ole Frenzel
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Diedrich
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), 4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John F Wambaugh
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Shana J Sturla
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
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80
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Sergazy S, Shulgau Z, Kamyshanskiy Y, Zhumadilov Z, Krivyh E, Gulyayev A, Aljofan M. Blueberry and cranberry extracts mitigate CCL4-induced liver damage, suppressing liver fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15370. [PMID: 37128328 PMCID: PMC10147973 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate potential hepatoprotective effect of lingonberry, cranberry and blueberry polyphenols on carbon tetrachloride (CCL-4)-induced acute and subacute liver injury in rats. A total of 55 male Wistar rats, divided into six experimental and control groups. With the exception of the negative control group, all groups received an intraperitoneal injection of CCl-4, twice a week for 14 days. An extract of lingonberry, cranberry, blueberry polyphenols and the positive control, silymarin were administered daily via intragastric route, for 14 consecutive days. The untreated control group showed characteristic of classical oxidative stress-mediated liver damage with vacuolization of the hepatocyte cytoplasm, infiltration by immune cells and proliferation of collagen fibers, decrease in body weight and increase in liver weight; increased levels of AST and ALT in serum, an increased lipid peroxidation in the liver. However, the use of cranberry and blueberry polyphenols significantly suppressed liver damage, exerting an effect comparable to the hepatoprotective effect of the positive control. The extracts prevented and reduced inflammatory liver damage by reducing IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels. In conclusion, blueberry and cranberry extracts have a protective effect against acute and subacute CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shynggys Sergazy
- National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Yevgeniy Kamyshanskiy
- National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Clinic of Medical University “MUK” NCJSC, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Elena Krivyh
- Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-mansiysk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Gulyayev
- National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Mohamad Aljofan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
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81
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Dumond Bourie A, Potier JB, Pinget M, Bouzakri K. Myokines: Crosstalk and Consequences on Liver Physiopathology. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071729. [PMID: 37049569 PMCID: PMC10096786 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease mainly characterized by the hepatic accumulation of lipid inducing a deregulation of β-oxidation. Its advanced form is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which, in addition to lipid accumulation, induces hepatocellular damage, oxidative stress and fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis and to its final stage: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, no specific therapeutic treatment exists. The implications of organ crosstalk have been highlighted in many metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, metabolic-associated liver diseases and obesity. Skeletal muscle, in addition to its role as a reservoir and consumer of energy and carbohydrate metabolism, is involved in this inter-organs’ communication through different secreted products: myokines, exosomes and enzymes, for example. Interestingly, resistance exercise has been shown to have a beneficial impact on different metabolic pathways, such as lipid oxidation in different organs through their secreted products. In this review, we will mainly focus on myokines and their effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and their complication: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Dumond Bourie
- European Center for the Study of Diabetes (CeeD), Research Unit of Strasbourg University “Diabetes and Therapeutics”, UR7294, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Michel Pinget
- European Center for the Study of Diabetes (CeeD), Research Unit of Strasbourg University “Diabetes and Therapeutics”, UR7294, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Bouzakri
- European Center for the Study of Diabetes (CeeD), Research Unit of Strasbourg University “Diabetes and Therapeutics”, UR7294, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- ILONOV, 67200 Strasbourg, France
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82
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Bertran L, Adalid L, Vilaró-Blay M, Barrientos-Riosalido A, Aguilar C, Martínez S, Sabench F, del Castillo D, Porras JA, Alibalic A, Richart C, Auguet T. Expression of STING in Women with Morbid Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040496. [PMID: 37110154 PMCID: PMC10146769 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disease. Although mostly benign, this disease can evolve into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role in the immune response against stressed cells, but this protein may also be involved in liver lipogenesis and microbiota composition. In this study, the role of STING in NAFLD was evaluated by RT–qPCR to analyze STING mRNA abundance and by immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate protein expression in liver biopsies from a cohort composed of 69 women with morbid obesity classified according to their liver involvement (normal liver, n = 27; simple steatosis (SS), n = 26; NASH, n = 16). The results showed that STING mRNA expression in the liver increases with the occurrence of NAFLD, specifically in the SS stage in which the degree of steatosis is mild or moderate. Protein analysis corroborated these results. Positive correlations were observed among hepatic STING mRNA abundance and gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, hepatic Toll-like receptor 9 expression and some circulating microbiota-derived bile acids. In conclusion, STING may be involved in the outcome and progression of NAFLD and may be related to hepatic lipid metabolism. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Bertran
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Adalid
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mercè Vilaró-Blay
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguilar
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salomé Martínez
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Servei de Cirurgia i Anestèsia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Daniel del Castillo
- Servei de Cirurgia i Anestèsia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - José Antonio Porras
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ajla Alibalic
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Richart
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Teresa Auguet
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977-29-58-33
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83
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Zheng Q, Zhu M, Zeng X, Liu W, Fu F, Li X, Liao G, Lu Y, Chen Y. Comparison of Animal Models for the Study of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100129. [PMID: 36907553 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases, and there is still no effective treatment for its advanced stage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). An ideal animal model of NAFLD/NASH is urgently needed for preclinical studies. However, the models reported previously are quite heterogeneous due to differences in animal strains, feed formulations, evaluation indicators, etc. Here, we report five NAFLD mouse models we developed in previous studies and comprehensively compared their characteristics. The high-fat diet (HFD) model is time-consuming and is characterized by early insulin resistance and slight liver steatosis at 12 weeks. Still, inflammation and fibrosis are rare, even at 22 weeks. The high fat, high fructose, and high cholesterol diet (FFC) exacerbates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, showing distinct hypercholesterolemia, steatosis, and mild inflammation at 12 w. An FFC diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) is a novel model that speeds up the process of lobular inflammation and fibrosis. The STAM model also used a combination of FFC and STZ but employs newborn mice and shows the fastest formation of fibrosis nodules. The HFD model is appropriate for the study of early NAFLD. FFC combined with STZ accelerates the pathological process of NASH and may be the most promising model for NASH research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fudong Fu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Guangneng Liao
- Animal experimental center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China; Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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84
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Acquaviva R, Malfa GA, Santangelo R, Bianchi S, Pappalardo F, Taviano MF, Miceli N, Di Giacomo C, Tomasello B. Wild Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract: Phenolic Profile and Oxidative Stress Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062475. [PMID: 36985448 PMCID: PMC10054820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris (wild artichoke) is widespread in Sicily, where it has been used for food and medicinal purposes since ancient times; decoctions of the aerial parts of this plant have been traditionally employed as a remedy for different hepatic diseases. In this study, the phenolic profile and cell-free antioxidant properties of the leaf aqueous extract of wild artichokes grown in Sicily (Italy) were investigated. The crude extract was also tested in cells for its antioxidant characteristics and potential oxidative stress inhibitory effects. To resemble the features of the early stage of mild steatosis in humans, human HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acids at the concentration of 1.5 mM were used. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic acids (caffeoylquinic acids) and flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin derivatives). At the same time, DPPH assay showed a promising antioxidant power (IC50 = 20.04 ± 2.52 µg/mL). Biological investigations showed the safety of the crude extract and its capacity to counteract the injury induced by FFA exposure by restoring cell viability and counteracting oxidative stress through inhibiting reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and increasing thiol-group levels. In addition, the extract increased mRNA expression of some proteins implicated in the antioxidant defense (Nrf2, Gpx, and SOD1) and decreased mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β), which were modified by FFA treatment. Results suggest that the total phytocomplex contained in wild artichoke leaves effectively modulates FFA-induced hepatic oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-7384065
| | - Rosa Santangelo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Pappalardo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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85
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Grzych G, Bernard L, Lestrelin R, Tailleux A, Staels B. [State of the art on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2023; 81:183-201. [PMID: 36126753 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
NAFLD or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the complications of obesity and diabetes, the prevalence of which is increasing. The causes of the pathology and its development towards its severe form, NASH or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, are multiple and still poorly understood. Many different pharmacological classes are being tested in clinical trials to treat NASH, but no pharmaceutical treatment is currently on the market. Moreover, the diagnosis of certainty is only possible by liver biopsy and histological analysis, an invasive procedure with high risk for the patient. It is therefore necessary to better understand the natural history of the disease in order to identify therapeutic targets, but also to identify markers for the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease using a blood sample, which will allow an improvement in patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grzych
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France.
| | - L Bernard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - R Lestrelin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - A Tailleux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - B Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
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86
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Li J, Sun B, Lam PKS, Chen L. Dysfunction of liver-gut axis in marine medaka exposed to hypoxia and perfluorobutanesulfonate. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 188:114677. [PMID: 36724667 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With objectives to explore the interactive mode on the function of liver-gut axis, adult marine medaka were exposed for 7 days to environmentally realistic concentrations of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) (0 and 10 μg/L) under normoxia or hypoxia condition. Furthermore, PFBS exposure was extended to 21 days to reveal the temporal progression in toxicity. The results showed that hypoxia exposure significantly disturbed lipid metabolism, caused oxidative damage, and induced inflammation in the livers of medaka. The composition of gut microbiota was also drastically shifted by hypoxia acute exposure. In contrast, the effect of PFBS was much milder. Hypoxia was thus the determinant of the combined toxicity. Depending on the exposure duration, a time-course recovery from PFBS innate toxicity was generally noted. Overall, the present study underlines the hypoxic and temporal variation in the dysregulation of liver-gut axis by PFBS, which is expected to support a comprehensive ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baili Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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87
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Vargas-Pozada EE, Ramos-Tovar E, Acero-Hernández C, Cardoso-Lezama I, Galindo-Gómez S, Tsutsumi V, Muriel P. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of caffeine effectively attenuate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury in male rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:147-159. [PMID: 36744700 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant effect of caffeine, associated with its ability to upregulate the nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-signaling pathway, was explored as a possible mechanism for the attenuation of liver damage. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was induced in rats by the administration of a high-fat, high-sucrose, high-cholesterol diet (HFSCD) for 15 weeks. Liver damage was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide (TAA) for six weeks. Caffeine was administered orally at a daily dose of 50 mg/kg body weight during the period of NASH induction to evaluate its ability to prevent disease development. Meanwhile, rats received TAA for three weeks, after which 50 mg/kg caffeine was administered daily for three weeks with TAA to evaluate its capacity to interfere with the progression of hepatic injury. HFSCD administration induced hepatic steatosis, decreased Nrf2 levels, increased oxidative stress, induced the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels, leading to hepatic damage. TAA administration produced similar effects, excluding steatosis. Caffeine increased Nrf2 levels; attenuated oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal; restored normal, reduced glutathione levels; and reduced NF-κB activation, inflammatory cytokine levels, and damage. Our findings suggest that caffeine may be useful in the treatment of human liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo E Vargas-Pozada
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
| | - Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, School of Higher Education in Medicine-IPN, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Acero-Hernández
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
| | - Irina Cardoso-Lezama
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
| | - Silvia Galindo-Gómez
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
| | - Víctor Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 14-740, Mexico
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88
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Kim K, Yoon H. Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Signaling in Damage Response, Metabolism, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054584. [PMID: 36902014 PMCID: PMC10003236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role in signal transduction and can function as a neurotransmitter. Although many studies have been conducted on GABA in brain biology, the cellular function and physiological relevance of GABA in other metabolic organs remain unclear. Here, we will discuss recent advances in understanding GABA metabolism with a focus on its biosynthesis and cellular functions in other organs. The mechanisms of GABA in liver biology and disease have revealed new ways to link the biosynthesis of GABA to its cellular function. By reviewing what is known about the distinct effects of GABA and GABA-mediated metabolites in physiological pathways, we provide a framework for understanding newly identified targets regulating the damage response, with implications for ameliorating metabolic diseases. With this review, we suggest that further research is necessary to develop GABA's beneficial and toxic effects on metabolic disease progression.
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89
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van Son KC, Verschuren L, Hanemaaijer R, Reeves H, Takkenberg RB, Drenth JPH, Tushuizen ME, Holleboom AG. Non-Parenchymal Cells and the Extracellular Matrix in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1308. [PMID: 36831649 PMCID: PMC9954729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the setting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related cirrhosis and even in the pre-cirrhotic state is increasing in incidence. NAFLD-related HCC has a poor clinical outcome as it is often advanced at diagnosis due to late diagnosis and systemic treatment response is poor due to reduced immune surveillance. Much of the focus of molecular research has been on the pathological changes in hepatocytes; however, immune cells, hepatic stellate cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and the extracellular matrix may play important roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-related HCC as well. Here, we review the role of non-parenchymal cells in the liver in the pathogenesis of HCC in the context of NAFLD-NASH, with a particular focus on the innate and the adaptive immune system, fibrogenesis and angiogenesis. We review the key roles of macrophages, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, NKT cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and the role of the extracellular matrix in hepatocarcinogenesis within the steatotic milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen C. van Son
- Department of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Verschuren
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland Hanemaaijer
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Reeves
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - R. Bart Takkenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P. H. Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten E. Tushuizen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan G. Holleboom
- Department of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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90
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Rooholahzadegan F, Arefhosseini S, Tutunchi H, Badali T, Khoshbaten M, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of DASH diet on glycemic response, meta-inflammation and serum LPS in obese patients with NAFLD: a double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:11. [PMID: 36788518 PMCID: PMC9926705 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern has been shown to be effective in hypertension and obesity, the present study investigated the effects of following DASH diet on glycemic, meta-inflammation, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and liver function in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In this double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial, 40 obese patients with NAFLD were randomly allocated into either "DASH diet" (n = 20) or calorie-restricted diet as "Control" (n = 20) group for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic response, liver enzymes, toll-like reseptor-4 (TLR-4) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and LPS as well as Dixon's DASH diet index were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks. RESULTS After 8 weeks, although all obesity indices decreased significantly in both groups, the reduction in all anthropometric measures were significantly greater in DASH vs control group, after adjusting for baseline values and weight change. Fasting glucose level decreased in both group, however, no inter-group significant difference was found at the end of study. Nevertheless, serum levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), TLR-4, MCP-1 and LPS as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly in DASH group, after adjusting for baseline values and weight change (p < 0.001, p = 0.004, p = 0.027, p = 0.011, and p = 0.008, respectively). The estimated number needed to treats (NNTs) for one and two grade reductions in NAFLD severity following DASH diet were 2.5 and 6.67, respectively. CONCLUSION Adherence to DASH diet could significantly improve weight, glycemia, inflammation and liver function in obese patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Rooholahzadegan
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Arefhosseini
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Taghi Badali
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Manuchehr Khoshbaten
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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91
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Kim SH, Yun C, Kwon D, Lee YH, Kwak JH, Jung YS. Effect of Isoquercitrin on Free Fatty Acid-Induced Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031476. [PMID: 36771140 PMCID: PMC9919102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metabolic disorders and oxidative stress are crucial factors in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, treatment strategies to combat NAFLD remain poorly established, presenting an important challenge that needs to be addressed. Herein, we aimed to examine the effect of isoquercitrin on lipid accumulation induced by exogenous free fatty acids (FFA) using HepG2 cells and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. The cells were exposed to 0.5 mM FFA to induce intracellular lipid accumulation, followed by co-treatment with isoquercitrin to confirm the potential inhibitory effect on FFA-induced lipid production. HepG2 cells exposed to FFA alone exhibited intracellular lipid accumulation, compromised endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and enhanced expression of proteins and genes involved in lipid synthesis; however, co-treatment with isoquercitrin decreased the expression of these molecules in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, isoquercitrin could activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulatory protein of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, suppressing new lipid production by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1)/fatty acid synthase (FAS) signals. Overall, these findings suggest that isoquercitrin can be employed as a therapeutic agent to improve NAFLD via the regulation of lipid metabolism by targeting the AMPK/ACC and SREBP1/FAS pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sou Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chawon Yun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-5102816
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92
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gp130 Activates Mitochondrial Dynamics for Hepatocyte Survival in a Model of Steatohepatitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020396. [PMID: 36830933 PMCID: PMC9953457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the main cause of metabolic complications. Fatty liver infiltration is a companion of obesity. NAFLD is associated with impaired energy metabolism with an excess of nutrients. Mitochondrial dynamics are important for the regulation of energy balance, which regulates mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and mitophagy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gp130 on the components of mitochondrial dynamics in a cellular model of steatohepatitis. Addition of IL-6/gp130 contributed to an increase in the percentage of live cells and a decrease in the percentage of dead and apoptotic cells. Addition of IL-6/gp130 increased the expression of NF-kB1 gene and mitochondrial dynamics markers (MFN2 and TFAM) in HepG2 with tBHP/Oleic. Addition of IL-6 or gp130 reduced the expression of cytoprotector genes (HSF1 and HSP70) in HepG2 cell cultures with tBHP/Oleic. Increased mitochondrial dynamics gene activity protected against HepG2 cell death in the steatohepatitis model. Trans-signaling resulted in increased TFAM and MAPLC3B, and decreased DNM1L gene expression in HepG2 with tBHP/Oleic.
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93
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Kouroumalis E, Tsomidis I, Voumvouraki A. Iron as a therapeutic target in chronic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:616-655. [PMID: 36742167 PMCID: PMC9896614 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It was clearly realized more than 50 years ago that iron deposition in the liver may be a critical factor in the development and progression of liver disease. The recent clarification of ferroptosis as a specific form of regulated hepatocyte death different from apoptosis and the description of ferritinophagy as a specific variation of autophagy prompted detailed investigations on the association of iron and the liver. In this review, we will present a brief discussion of iron absorption and handling by the liver with emphasis on the role of liver macrophages and the significance of the iron regulators hepcidin, transferrin, and ferritin in iron homeostasis. The regulation of ferroptosis by endogenous and exogenous mod-ulators will be examined. Furthermore, the involvement of iron and ferroptosis in various liver diseases including alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and C, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will be analyzed. Finally, experimental and clinical results following interventions to reduce iron deposition and the promising manipulation of ferroptosis will be presented. Most liver diseases will be benefited by ferroptosis inhibition using exogenous inhibitors with the notable exception of HCC, where induction of ferroptosis is the desired effect. Current evidence mostly stems from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and the need for well-designed future clinical trials is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Liver Research Laboratory, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsomidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54621, Greece
| | - Argyro Voumvouraki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54621, Greece
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94
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Ali FEM, Abd El-Aziz MK, Sharab EI, Bakr AG. Therapeutic interventions of acute and chronic liver disorders: A comprehensive review. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:19-40. [PMID: 36744165 PMCID: PMC9896501 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disorders are one of the most common pathological problems worldwide. It affects more than 1.5 billion worldwide. Many types of hepatic cells have been reported to be involved in the initiation and propagation of both acute and chronic liver diseases, including hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In addition, oxidative stress, cytokines, fibrogenic factors, microRNAs, and autophagy are also involved. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver diseases leads to discovering new therapeutic interventions that can be used in clinics. Recently, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-HSCs therapy, gene therapy, cell therapy, gut microbiota, and nanoparticles have great potential for preventing and treating liver diseases. Here, we explored the recent possible molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. Besides, we overviewed the recent therapeutic interventions that targeted liver diseases and summarized the recent studies concerning liver disorders therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares EM Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Elham I Sharab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Adel G Bakr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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95
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Multifactorial Diseases of the Heart, Kidneys, Lungs, and Liver and Incident Cancer: Epidemiology and Shared Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030729. [PMID: 36765688 PMCID: PMC9913123 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the aging population, the frequency of cancer is increasing dramatically. In addition, multiple genetic and environmental factors lead to common multifactorial diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the connection between cancer and multifactorial diseases, as well as how one can affect the other, resulting in a vicious cycle. Although the exact mechanistic explanations behind this remain to be fully explored, some progress has been made in uncovering the common pathologic mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the nature of the link between cancer and common multifactorial conditions, as well as specific shared mechanisms, some of which may represent either preventive or therapeutic targets. Rather than organ-specific interactions, we herein focus on the shared mechanisms among the multifactorial diseases, which may explain the increased cancer risk. More research on this subject will highlight the significance of developing new drugs that target multiple systems rather than just one disease.
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96
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Slaven JE, Wilkerson M, Soltis AR, Rittase WB, Bradfield DT, Bylicky M, Cary L, Tsioplaya A, Bouten R, Dalgard C, Day RM. Transcriptomic Profiling and Pathway Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following Low Dose-Rate Radiation Exposure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020241. [PMID: 36829800 PMCID: PMC9951969 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Low dose-rate radiation exposure can occur in medical imaging, as background from environmental or industrial radiation, and is a hazard of space travel. In contrast with high dose-rate radiation exposure that can induce acute life-threatening syndromes, chronic low-dose radiation is associated with Chronic Radiation Syndrome (CRS), which can alter environmental sensitivity. Secondary effects of chronic low dose-rate radiation exposure include circulatory, digestive, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, as well as cancer. Here, we investigated 1-2 Gy, 0.66 cGy/h, 60Co radiation effects on primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). There was no significant induction of apoptosis or DNA damage, and cells continued to proliferate. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of transcriptome changes revealed alterations in pathways related to cellular metabolism (cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose metabolism), extracellular matrix modification and cell adhesion/migration, and regulation of vasoconstriction and inflammation. Interestingly, there was increased hypoxia signaling and increased activation of pathways regulated by iron deficiency, but Nrf2 and related genes were reduced. The data were validated in hMSC and human lung microvascular endothelial cells using targeted qPCR and Western blotting. Notably absent in the GO analysis were alteration pathways for DNA damage response, cell cycle inhibition, senescence, and pro-inflammatory response that we previously observed for high dose-rate radiation exposure. Our findings suggest that cellular gene transcription response to low dose-rate ionizing radiation is fundamentally different compared to high-dose-rate exposure. We hypothesize that cellular response to hypoxia and iron deficiency are driving processes, upstream of the other pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Slaven
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Matthew Wilkerson
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Anthony R. Soltis
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - W. Bradley Rittase
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Dmitry T. Bradfield
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michelle Bylicky
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Lynnette Cary
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Alena Tsioplaya
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Roxane Bouten
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Clifton Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Regina M. Day
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-301-295-3236; Fax: +1-301-295-3220
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97
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Remignon H, Burgues P. Evolution of oxidative stress markers in livers of ducks during force-feeding. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1046. [PMID: 36658173 PMCID: PMC9852233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mule ducks have been force-fed to develop a hepatic steatosis, also called "foie gras", which is similar to the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) described in humans and mammals. However, in hepatic steatosis resulting from force-feeding of ducks, very little is known about the fine biochemical events that occur due to the enormous and very rapid increase in total lipids that mainly accumulate in hepatocytes. To begin to reduce this lack of knowledge associated with the development of this specific hepatic steatosis, liver samples were taken at different times to follow the overall biochemical transformation of the liver as well as different markers of oxidative stress, hypoxia and apoptosis. The results indicate that the lipid content increases rapidly in the liver throughout the force-feeding period while the protein content decreases. The amount of hydroxyproline remains constant indicating that no liver fibrosis develops during the force-feeding period. On the contrary, all the tested biomarkers of cellular oxidative stress increase rapidly but without any visible disorder in the coordination of paired activities. At the same time, hypoxia-inducible factors also increase indicating that a hypoxia situation is gradually occurring in hepatocytes. This leads, in addition to the lipotoxicity induced by the accumulation of lipids, to an increased number of liver cells to enter into apoptosis. A relative variability in the level of these cellular responses was also observed indicating that, probably, certain animals support the development of this steatosis differently. This leads us to imagine that the physiological status of these birds may differ widely for reasons that remain to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herve Remignon
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France. .,INP-ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, 31320, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Pierre Burgues
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
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Li R, Chen Z. Validation and Comparison of Two Dietary Indexes for Predicting Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in US Adults. J Nutr 2023; 152:2865-2876. [PMID: 36190320 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two indexes have been used to describe dietary inflammatory potential: the experiment-based dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the literature-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII). How robustly each index represents dietary inflammatory potential and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not yet been established. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relation between dietary inflammatory potential and NAFLD, and compared the abilities of the TAC and DII scores to predict NAFLD in US adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 12,410 participants aged 20-80 y in the NHANES from 2011 to 2018 were identified. TAC and DII scores were calculated using 2 d of 24-h dietary recall data. We examined the association between dietary index and risk of NAFLD using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS Higher energy-adjusted TAC (E-TAC) and inversely energy-adjusted DII (IE-DII) scores (both representing more anti-inflammatory diets) were associated with lower hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and US fatty liver index (USFLI) values after adjusting for potential covariates, and the association for each SD increase in the IE-DII was stronger than the E-TAC (β estimates for HSI: -0.39 compared with -0.25; P-difference = 0.036). In modeling the risk of NAFLD, we observed that participants with IE-DII scores in the highest quartile had the lowest ORs for NAFLD as assessed by either the HSI (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.96; P-trend = 0.023) or USFLI (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.68; P-trend <0.0001). TAC scores were also associated with NAFLD as assessed by the USFLI. CONCLUSIONS An anti-inflammatory diet is beneficial for reducing the risk of NAFLD in US adults. The DII is a stronger predictor of hepatic measures than the TAC, and we recommend that future hepatic health studies use the DII to estimate dietary inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Zhongxue Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts, Sciences & Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Mallah MA, Ying Z, Ali M, Guo J, Feng F, Wang W, Shang P, Zhang Q. The association between urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and liver function among US population: a cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-022-01438-y. [PMID: 36629960 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Most studies have focused on the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled PAHs to date; therefore, their hepatotoxic consequences are yet unknown. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and liver function parameters among the US population. The data included in this study were from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2016. Finally, we included 2515 participants from seven cycles of the NHANES. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the association between each PAH and liver function parameters (elevated vs. normal) with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), along with adjustment for confounding variables. P < 0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. All analyses were performed using R software 4.0.1. In the present study, all 2515 individuals were aged ≥ 18 years, 1211 males, and 1304 females. The average age normal was 45.56 ± 20.20, and the elevated was 46.04 ± 19.73 years, respectively. The results of logistic regression indicated that increased 9-hydroxyfluorene (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = [1.52, 2.95], P < 0.001), 2-hydroxyfluorene (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = [1.23, 2.11], P < 0.001), and 3-hydroxyfluorene (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = [1.21, 1.95], P < 0.001) were associated with elevated GGT. In conclusion, 9-hydroxyfluorene is associated with elevated GGT level, and the effect of 9-hydroxyfluorene on GGT is modified by other PAHs, which means that 9-hydroxyfluorene has a greater influence on GGT when other PAHs are increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthar Ali Mallah
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Ying
- Center for Medical Big Data, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah, 67480, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Junwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Shang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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100
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Jafarirad S, Goodarzi R, Mohammadtaghvaei N, Dastoorpoor M, Alavinejad P. Effectiveness of the pomegranate extract in improving hepatokines and serum biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized double blind clinical trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102693. [PMID: 36535123 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pomegranate as a functional food has various properties and effects on health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pomegranate extract on serum levels of liver enzymes, hepatokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and total antioxidant capacity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 44 patients with NAFLD were divided into two groups: pomegranate extract tablets and placebo. The intervention period was 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and total antioxidant capacity were assessed in both groups. RESULTS Pomegranate extract reduced the level of ALT (P < 0.001), AST (P < 0.001), GGT (P < 0.001), fetuin-A (P < 0.001), FGF-21(P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P = 0.04) compared to the placebo. Pomegranate extract also led to an increase in total antioxidant capacity (P˂0.001) but had no effect on ALP. CONCLUSION It seems that the pomegranate extract improves several markers of NAFLD, and can be useful as a treatment supplement. The clinical trial approved by Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (grant No. NRC-9811). TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20140107016123N14, https://www.irct.ir/trial/42739.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Jafarirad
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Goodarzi
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Narges Mohammadtaghvaei
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pejman Alavinejad
- Research Institute for Infectious Disease of Digestive System, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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