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Světlík J, Tureček F, Hartwich K, Kozieł K, Pakulski P, Pałasz A, Kalinowska-Tłuścik J, Cież D. Cerium(IV) based oxidative free radical cyclization of active methylene compounds with some cyclic alkenes: A useful annulation method for terpene functionalization. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tetali SD. Terpenes and isoprenoids: a wealth of compounds for global use. PLANTA 2019; 249:1-8. [PMID: 30467631 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-3056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Role of terpenes and isoprenoids has been pivotal in the survival and evolution of higher plants in various ecoregions. These products find application in the pharmaceutical, flavor fragrance, and biofuel industries. Fitness of plants in a wide range of environmental conditions entailed (i) evolution of secondary metabolic pathways enabling utilization of photosynthate for the synthesis of a variety of biomolecules, thereby facilitating diverse eco-interactive functions, and (ii) evolution of structural features for the sequestration of such compounds away from the mainstream primary metabolism to prevent autotoxicity. This review summarizes features and applications of terpene and isoprenoid compounds, comprising the largest class of secondary metabolites. Many of these terpene and isoprenoid biomolecules happen to be high-value bioproducts. They are essential components of all living organisms that are chemically highly variant. They are constituents of primary (quinones, chlorophylls, carotenoids, steroids) as well as secondary metabolism compounds with roles in signal transduction, reproduction, communication, climatic acclimation, defense mechanisms and more. They comprise single to several hundreds of repetitive five-carbon units of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). In plants, there are two pathways that lead to the synthesis of terpene and isoprenoid precursors, the cytosolic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. The diversity of terpenoids can be attributed to differential enzyme and substrate specificities and to secondary modifications acquired by terpene synthases. The biological role of secondary metabolites has been recognized as pivotal in the survival and evolution of higher plants. Terpenes and isoprenoids find application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, synthetic chemistry, flavor fragrance, and possibly biofuel industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarada D Tetali
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, C. R. Prof. CR Rao Rd., CUC, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Khayyat SA, Roselin LS. Recent progress in photochemical reaction on main components of some essential oils. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Oso B, Abey N, Oyeleke O, Olowookere B. Comparative Study of the in vitro Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratum conyzoides used in Wound Healing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.21467/ias.6.1.8-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the potential antioxidative potencies of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratum conyzoides, commonly used herbs in Nigeria for wound first aid and healing. The antioxidant potentials were evaluated by measuring their abilities to scavenge radicals, reduce oxidised iron and quench the formation of lipid peroxides. The findings showed that the extract of Ageratum conyzoides exhibited significantly higher (p<0.05) antioxidant potential than the extract of Chromolaena odorata. The study, therefore, suggests that Ageratum conyzoides has higher potential for therapeutic value than Chromolaena odorata in terms of antioxidant potential.
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Sampath S, Subramani S, Janardhanam S, Subramani P, Yuvaraj A, Chellan R. Bioactive compound 1,8-Cineole selectively induces G2/M arrest in A431 cells through the upregulation of the p53 signaling pathway and molecular docking studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 46:57-68. [PMID: 30097123 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callistemon citrinus has been traditionally known for its medicinal property. Recently, our research group identified 1,8-Cineole, as one of the predominant compound present in the hexane extract (HE-C), whose leaves have potent anticancer activity. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The present study was designed to isolate 1,8-Cineole from Callistemon citrinus plant and to determine their role in anticancer effects in in vitro using skin carcinoma cells. Moreover, the molecular mechanism of apoptosis and molecular docking studies were also investigated. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS In vitro cytotoxicity test was performed with HE-C fractionates 1F, 2F, and 3F against A431 and HaCaT cell lines. MTT and AB assay demonstrated that 1F was toxic to cancer cells with no adverse effect to non-malignant cells and it was subjected to 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy and further characterized by FTIR and GC-MS analysis. On the basis of spectroscopic data, the metabolite was confirmed as 1,8-Cineole. RESULTS Based on the cytotoxicity results, the well-characterized metabolite 1,8-Cineole was investigated upon to understand the mechanism that caused cancer cell death. In this process, the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were confirmed by Rh-123/DAPI staining; the ultra structure was observed by TEM and quantified by flow cytometric analysis. These results proved that the compound effectively induced the apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in A431 cells by increasing the expression of p53 and that it was monitored by FACS. Further, the expression of apoptotic proteins, such as Bax/Bcl-2, Cyt-c, caspase-9, and caspase-3 was confirmed by western blot. The molecular docking simulations predicted the hydrophobic interaction between 1,8-cineole with Bcl-2 and PARP1 receptor. CONCLUSIONS 1,8-Cineole is a potential candidate for skin carcinoma, which is possible by regulating the p53 apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowndarya Sampath
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Sangeetha Subramani
- Organic and Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, India; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology - Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sridevi Janardhanam
- NMR, Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Preethi Subramani
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Arun Yuvaraj
- Organic and Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Rose Chellan
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.
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Hydroxyl Group and Vasorelaxant Effects of Perillyl Alcohol, Carveol, Limonene on Aorta Smooth Muscle of Rats. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061430. [PMID: 29899230 PMCID: PMC6099955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study used isometric tension recording to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of limonene (LM), carveol (CV), and perillyl alcohol (POH) on contractility parameters of the rat aorta, focusing in particular on the structure-activity relationship. LM, CV, and POH showed a reversible inhibitory effect on the contraction induced by electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling. In the case of LM, but not CV and POH, this effect was influenced by preservation of the endothelium. POH and CV but not LM exhibited greater pharmacological potency on BayK-8644-induced contraction and on electromechanical coupling than on pharmacomechanical coupling. In endothelium-denuded preparations, the order of pharmacological potency on electrochemical coupling was LM < CV < POH. These compounds inhibited also, with grossly similar pharmacological potency, the contraction induced by phorbol ester dibutyrate. The present results suggest that LM, CV and POH induced relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscle by means of different mechanisms likely to include inhibition of PKC and IP3 pathway. For CV and POH, hydroxylated compounds, it was in electromechanical coupling that the greater pharmacological potency was observed, thus suggesting a relative specificity for a mechanism likely to be important in electromechanical coupling, for example, blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channel.
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Marques FM, Figueira MM, Schmitt EFP, Kondratyuk TP, Endringer DC, Scherer R, Fronza M. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of terpenes via suppression of superoxide and nitric oxide generation and the NF-κB signalling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 27:281-289. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Perillyl alcohol alleviates amyloid-β peptides-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:1029-1038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rettberg N, Biendl M, Garbe LA. Hop Aroma and Hoppy Beer Flavor: Chemical Backgrounds and Analytical Tools—A Review. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2017.1402574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rettberg
- Versuchs– und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Research Institute for Beer and Beverage Analysis, Berlin, Deutschland/Germany
| | - Martin Biendl
- HHV Hallertauer Hopfenveredelungsgesellschaft m.b.H., Mainburg, Germany
| | - Leif-Alexander Garbe
- Hochschule Neubrandenburg, Fachbereich Agrarwirtschaft und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Neubrandenburg, Germany
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Moro IJ, Gondo GDGA, Pierri EG, Pietro RCLR, Soares CP, Sousa DPD, Santos AGD. Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities of carvone and its derivatives. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000400076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Alamgir ANM. Secondary Metabolites: Secondary Metabolic Products Consisting of C and H; C, H, and O; N, S, and P Elements; and O/N Heterocycles. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92387-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Filannino P, Di Cagno R, Trani A, Cantatore V, Gambacorta G, Gobbetti M. Lactic acid fermentation enriches the profile of biogenic compounds and enhances the functional features of common purslane ( Portulaca oleracea L.). J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Hepatoprotective evaluation and isolation of the major secondary metabolites from the ethyl acetate extract of liquid culture filtrate of Chaetomium globosum. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:174-180. [PMID: 29091863 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate extract of the liquid culture filtrate of Chaetomium globosum fungus (family Chaetomiaceae). Rats were intraperitoneally injected by CCl4 (0.5ml/kg) twice a week for six consecutive weeks. Treatment tacks (250mg/kg) place at the same time of CCl4 induction and with the same duration. The evaluation was done through determination of liver function indices; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum protein content. In addition, the oxidative stress markers; hepatic glutathione content (GSH), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hepatic total protein were estimated. Moreover, the liver architectures were also examined. Isolation and identification of the main secondary metabolites were identified. Seven volatile compounds were identified from the plain chloroform fraction where, 1-Cyclopentyl-2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol (54.63%) was presented as the major compound. Eleven compounds were also identified from the fraction eluted by chloroform: methanol (85:15). 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-1-cyclohexene (25.79%) and Norbornan-2-one (26.84%) are presented as the major compounds of this fraction. In conclusion, the extract recorded hepatoprotective effect by ameliorating the biochemical parameters under investigation. The liver histopathological pictures confirmed our results.
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Del Carmen Martínez-Jiménez V, Méndez-Mancilla A, Patricia Portales-Pérez D. miRNAs in nutrition, obesity, and cancer: The biology of miRNAs in metabolic disorders and its relationship with cancer development. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28594107 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The scope of this review is to explain how metabolic disorders originated by a deficient nutrition can develop into a neoplastic process by the alteration of epigenetic mechanisms like miRNAs. Obesity is a proinflammatory state with a wide impact on health around the world that is associated with neoplastic diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms have a central role in the obesogenic environment, which participates on the development of comorbidities such as cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS We made an exhaustive review of the most recent reports about metabolic disorders with nutrition and their relationship with miRNAs, and their risk of developing into oncogenic processes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as one of the major epigenetic mechanisms that can affect the metabolic reprogramming of cellular metabolism that plays an important role in the oncogenic process. There is evidence that some foods may contribute to diminishing the risk of cancer as well as epidemiological studies that support the notion that diets high in animal protein and fat promote cancer risk. Therefore, diets high in fruit and vegetables reduce the risk of cancer. One of the principal explanations is that these foods contain bioactive compounds that increase the efficacy of epigenetic mechanisms, which in turn decrease the risk of obesity and its comorbidities. CONCLUSION In this review, we show how miRNAs are implicated in several signaling pathways as well as illustrating some bioactive compounds that impact inflammation and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Mancilla
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP San Luis Potosí, SLP México
| | - Diana Patricia Portales-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP San Luis Potosí, SLP México
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Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Studies of Citrus macroptera: A Medicinal Plant Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9789802. [PMID: 28740540 PMCID: PMC5504973 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9789802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Citrus macroptera (family Rutaceae), commonly known as Sat Kara, is a pharmacologically diverse medicinal plant. Various parts of this plant, specifically fruit, have an immense range of medicinal uses in folk medicine directed for a number of ailments. A plethora of active phytochemical constituents of this plant have been revealed so far, namely, limonene, beta-caryophyllene, beta-pinene, geranial edulinine, ribalinine, isoplatydesmine, and so forth. Several studies demonstrated the exploration of pharmacological potential of various parts such as fruits, leaves, and stems of C. macroptera as antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, thrombolytic, hypoglycemic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective. Furthermore, inhibition of in vitro α-amylase, inhibition of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity, and potentiation of brain antioxidant enzyme are also ascertained. In present review, comprehensive study focused on knowledge regarding several phytopharmacological activities of Citrus macroptera has been described.
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Gupta OP, Karkute SG, Banerjee S, Meena NL, Dahuja A. Contemporary Understanding of miRNA-Based Regulation of Secondary Metabolites Biosynthesis in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:374. [PMID: 28424705 PMCID: PMC5372812 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant's secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids etc. are known for their role in the defense against various insects-pests of plants and for medicinal benefits in human. Due to the immense biological importance of these phytochemicals, understanding the regulation of their biosynthetic pathway is crucial. In the recent past, advancement in the molecular technologies has enabled us to better understand the proteins, enzymes, genes, etc. involved in the biosynthetic pathway of the secondary metabolites. miRNAs are magical, tiny, non-coding ribonucleotides that function as critical regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. Despite the accumulated knowledge of the miRNA-mediated regulation of several processes, the involvement of miRNAs in regulating secondary plant product biosynthesis is still poorly understood. Here, we summarize the recent progress made in the area of identification and characterizations of miRNAs involved in regulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants and discuss the future perspectives for designing the viable strategies for their targeted manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om P. Gupta
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley ResearchKarnal, India
- *Correspondence: Om P. Gupta
| | - Suhas G. Karkute
- Division of Vegetable Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable ResearchVaranasi, India
| | - Sagar Banerjee
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Nand L. Meena
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets ResearchHyderabad, India
| | - Anil Dahuja
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
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Loru D, Quesada-Moreno MM, Avilés-Moreno JR, Jarman N, Huet TR, López-González JJ, Sanz ME. Conformational Flexibility of Limonene Oxide Studied By Microwave Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2016; 18:274-280. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Loru
- Department of Chemistry; King's College London; London United Kingdom
| | - María Mar Quesada-Moreno
- University of Jaen; Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; Campus Las Lagunillas E-23071 Jaen Spain
- PhLAM, UMR8523 CNRS-; Université Lille 1; Bâtiment P5 F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq Cedex France
| | | | - Natasha Jarman
- Department of Chemistry; King's College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Thérèse R. Huet
- PhLAM, UMR8523 CNRS-; Université Lille 1; Bâtiment P5 F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Juan Jesús López-González
- University of Jaen; Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; Campus Las Lagunillas E-23071 Jaen Spain
| | - M. Eugenia Sanz
- Department of Chemistry; King's College London; London United Kingdom
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Shapira S, Pleban S, Kazanov D, Tirosh P, Arber N. Terpinen-4-ol: A Novel and Promising Therapeutic Agent for Human Gastrointestinal Cancers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156540. [PMID: 27275783 PMCID: PMC4898785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Terpinen-4-ol, a naturally occurring monoterpene is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil and has been shown to have many biological activities. Aim To study the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol and its mechanism of action in prostate and GI malignancies, alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic and biological agents. Methods Terpinen-4-ol was administrated alone or combined with standard chemotherapy (Oxaliplatin, Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Tarceva) and biological agent (Cetuximab). It was also combined with humanized anti-CD24 mAbs (was developed by us). Killing effects were measured qualitatively by light microscopy and quantitatively using the MTT and FACS analysis, following treatment of colorectal, pancreatic, gastric and prostate cancer cells. Terpinen-4-ol effect on tumor development was evaluated in xenograft model. Results Terpinen-4-ol induces a significant growth inhibition of colorectal, pancreatic, prostate and gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (10–90% in 0.005–0.1%). Terpinen-4-ol and various anti-cancer agents (0.2μM oxaliplatin and 0.5μM fluorouracil) demonstrated a synergistic inhibitory effect (83% and 91%, respectively) on cancer cell proliferation. In KRAS mutated colorectal cancer cells, which are resistant to anti-EGFR therapy, combining of terpinen-4-ol with cetuximab (1 μM) resulted in impressive efficacy of 80–90% growth inhibition. Sub-toxic concentrations of terpinen-4-ol potentiate anti-CD24 mAb (150μg/ml)-induced growth inhibition (90%). Considerable reduction in tumor volume was seen following terpinen-4-ol (0.2%) treatment alone and with cetuximab (10mg/kg) (40% and 63%, respectively) as compare to the control group. Conclusion Terpinen-4-ol significantly enhances the effect of several chemotherapeutic and biological agents. The possible molecular mechanism for its activity involves induction of cell-death rendering this compound as a potential anti-cancer drug alone and in combination in the treatment of numerous malignancies. Terpinen-4-ol restores the activity of cetuximab in cancers with mutated KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Shapira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Diana Kazanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Nadir Arber
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Nwidu LL, Nwafor PA, Vilegas W. The aphrodisiac herb Carpolobia: A biopharmacological and phytochemical review. Pharmacogn Rev 2015; 9:132-9. [PMID: 26392711 PMCID: PMC4557236 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.162128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Any agent with the ability to provoke sexual desire in an individual is referred to as an aphrodisiac. Aphrodisiac plants are used in the management of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. One such plant popular in West and Central Africa among the Pygmies of Cameroon, Ipassa of Garbon, and the Yoruba, Ibo, Efik and Ijaw peoples of Nigeria is Carpolobia. It is an accepted and commonly utilized herbal booster of libido. It is used to cure male infertility and to boosts libido thereby augmenting male sexual functions or it is used to induce penile erection, and enhance male virility. The chewing stick prepared from the stem and root of either Carpolobia alba (CA) or Carpolobia lutea (CL) is patronized because it boosts male sexual performance. The genus Carpolobia has over 14 species. The leaf essential oil contains a variety of terpenoids, while polyphenols and triterpenoid saponins have been isolated from the root and leaf extracts respectively. Other ethnomedicinal uses include curing of stomach ailments, rheumatism, fever, pains, insanity, dermal infection, venereal diseases; to promote child birth; and as a taeniafuge and vermifuge. In spite of its popularity, no scientific data reviewing the biopharmacological and phytochemical activities of Carpolobia exist to our knowledge. The aim of this work is to collate all available published scientific reports in the literature on Carpolobia in a review paper. In this review, an overview of the morphology, taxonomy, ethnomedicinal claims, geographical distribution, and structurally elucidated compounds that are secondary metabolites isolated and characterized from Carpolobia species is established. The pharmacological assays, phytochemical screenings, and toxicological reports are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucky Lebgosi Nwidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa, Nigeria
| | - Paul Alozie Nwafor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom, Nigeria
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rehman R, Hanif MA, Mushtaq Z, Al-Sadi AM. Biosynthesis of essential oils in aromatic plants: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2015.1057841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gupta C, Prakash D. Phytonutrients as therapeutic agents. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 11:151-69. [PMID: 25051278 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2013-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients present in various foods plays an important role in maintaining the normal functions of the human body. The major nutrients present in foods include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Besides these, there are some bioactive food components known as "phytonutrients" that play an important role in human health. They have tremendous impact on the health care system and may provide medical health benefits including the prevention and/or treatment of disease and various physiological disorders. Phytonutrients play a positive role by maintaining and modulating immune function to prevent specific diseases. Being natural products, they hold a great promise in clinical therapy as they possess no side effects that are usually associated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. They are also comparatively cheap and thus significantly reduce health care cost. Phytonutrients are the plant nutrients with specific biological activities that support human health. Some of the important bioactive phytonutrients include polyphenols, terpenoids, resveratrol, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, carotenoids, limonoids, glucosinolates, phytoestrogens, phytosterols, anthocyanins, ω-3 fatty acids, and probiotics. They play specific pharmacological effects in human health such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, anti-spasmodic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, neuroprotective, hypotensive, diabetes, osteoporosis, CNS stimulant, analgesic, protection from UVB-induced carcinogenesis, immuno-modulator, and carminative. This mini-review attempts to summarize the major important types of phytonutrients and their role in promoting human health and as therapeutic agents along with the current market trend and commercialization.
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72
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Singh B, Sharma RA. Plant terpenes: defense responses, phylogenetic analysis, regulation and clinical applications. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:129-151. [PMID: 28324581 PMCID: PMC4362742 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The terpenoids constitute the largest class of natural products and many interesting products are extensively applied in the industrial sector as flavors, fragrances, spices and are also used in perfumery and cosmetics. Many terpenoids have biological activities and also used for medical purposes. In higher plants, the conventional acetate-mevalonic acid pathway operates mainly in the cytosol and mitochondria and synthesizes sterols, sesquiterpenes and ubiquinones mainly. In the plastid, the non-mevalonic acid pathway takes place and synthesizes hemi-, mono-, sesqui-, and diterpenes along with carotenoids and phytol tail of chlorophyll. In this review paper, recent developments in the biosynthesis of terpenoids, indepth description of terpene synthases and their phylogenetic analysis, regulation of terpene biosynthesis as well as updates of terpenes which have entered in the clinical studies are reviewed thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Singh
- AIB, Amity University Rajasthan, NH-11C, Kant Kalwar, Jaipur, 303 002, India.
| | - Ram A Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302 055, India
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73
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Schmitz D, Shubert VA, Betz T, Schnell M. Exploring the conformational landscape of menthol, menthone, and isomenthone: a microwave study. Front Chem 2015; 3:15. [PMID: 25815287 PMCID: PMC4355985 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The rotational spectra of the monoterpenoids menthol, menthone, and isomenthone are reported in the frequency range of 2–8.5 GHz, obtained with broadband Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy. For menthol only one conformation was identified under the cold conditions of the molecular jet, whereas three conformations were observed for menthone and one for isomenthone. The conformational space of the different molecules was extensively studied using quantum chemical calculations, and the results were compared with molecular parameters obtained by the measurements. Finally, a computer program is presented, which automatically identifies different species in a dense broadband microwave spectrum using calculated ab initio rotational constants as initial input parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schmitz
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg, Germany ; The Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg, Germany
| | - V Alvin Shubert
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg, Germany ; The Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Betz
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg, Germany ; The Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Schnell
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg, Germany ; The Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg, Germany ; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg Hamburg, Germany
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74
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Müller L, Caris-Veyrat C, Lowe G, Böhm V. Lycopene and Its Antioxidant Role in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases—A Critical Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:1868-79. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.801827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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75
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Patterns of dietary intake and serum carotenoid and tocopherol status are associated with biomarkers of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Br J Nutr 2014; 112:1341-52. [PMID: 25313576 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514001962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary modification may affect inflammatory processes and protect against chronic disease. In the present study, we examined the relationship between dietary patterns, circulating carotenoid and tocopherol concentrations, and biomarkers of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation in a 10-year longitudinal study of Scottish postmenopausal women. Diet was assessed by FFQ during 1997-2000 (n 3237, mean age 54·8 (SD 2·2) years). Participants (n 2130, mean age 66·0 (SD 2·2) years) returned during 2007-11 for follow-up. Diet was assessed by FFQ (n 1682) and blood was collected for the analysis of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-6, serum amyloid A, E-selectin, lipid profile and dietary biomarkers (carotenoids, tocopherols and retinol). Dietary pattern and dietary biomarker (serum carotenoid) components were generated by principal components analysis. A past 'prudent' dietary pattern predicted serum concentrations of hs-CRP and IL-6 (which decreased across the quintiles of the dietary pattern; P= 0·002 and P= 0·001, respectively; ANCOVA). Contemporary dietary patterns were also associated with inflammatory biomarkers. The concentrations of hs-CRP and IL-6 decreased across the quintiles of the 'prudent' dietary pattern (P= 0·030 and P= 0·006, respectively). hs-CRP concentration increased across the quintiles of a 'meat-dominated' dietary pattern (P= 0·001). Inflammatory biomarker concentrations decreased markedly across the quintiles of carotenoid component score (P< 0·001 for hs-CRP and IL-6, and P= 0·016 for E-selectin; ANCOVA). Prudent dietary pattern and carotenoid component scores were negatively associated with serum hs-CRP concentration (unstandardised β for prudent component: -0·053, 95% CI -0·102, -0·003; carotenoid component: -0·183, 95% CI -0·233, -0·134) independent of study covariates. A prudent dietary pattern (which reflects a diet high in the intakes of fish, yogurt, pulses, rice, pasta and wine, in addition to fruit and vegetable consumption) and a serum carotenoid profile characteristic of a fruit and vegetable-rich diet are associated with lower concentrations of intermediary markers that are indicative of CVD risk reduction.
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Choi HJ, Lee JH, Jung YS. (+)-Nootkatone inhibits tumor necrosis factor α/interferon γ-induced production of chemokines in HaCaT cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 447:278-84. [PMID: 24704449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are important mediators of cell migration, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) are well-known typical inflammatory chemokines involved in atopic dermatitis (AD). (+)-Nootkatone is the major component of Cyperus rotundus. (+)-Nootkatone has antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of (+)-nootkatone on tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)/interferon γ (IFN-γ)-induced expression of Th2 chemokines in HaCaT cells. We found that (+)-nootkatone inhibited the TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced expression of TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 mRNA in HaCaT cells. It also significantly inhibited TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ). Furthermore, we showed that PKCζ and p38 MAPK contributed to the inhibition of TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 expression by blocking IκBα degradation in HaCaT cells. Taken together, these results suggest that (+)-nootkatone may suppress TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 expression in HaCaT cells by inhibiting of PKCζ and p38 MAPK signaling pathways that lead to activation of NF-κB. We propose that (+)-nootkatone may be a useful therapeutic candidate for inflammatory skin diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Jae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Sook Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea.
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77
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Rico-Martínez M, Medina FG, Marrero JG, Osegueda-Robles S. Biotransformation of diterpenes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45146a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural modification of the diterpenes to enhance their pharmaceutical relevance can be efficiently carried out by the application of biotransformational under mild reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rico-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato
- C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Mexico
| | - Fernanda G. Medina
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato
- C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Mexico
| | - Joaquín G. Marrero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato
- C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Mexico
| | - Soraya Osegueda-Robles
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato
- C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Mexico
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78
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Ku CM, Lin JY. Anti-inflammatory effects of 27 selected terpenoid compounds tested through modulating Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion profiles using murine primary splenocytes. Food Chem 2013; 141:1104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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79
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Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for limonene and perillyl alcohol production. Metab Eng 2013; 19:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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80
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Singh S, Pandey VP, Naaz H, Singh P, Dwivedi UN. Structural modeling and simulation studies of human cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes with selected terpenes: Implications in drug designing and development. Comput Biol Med 2013; 43:744-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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81
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Michel T, Cokoja M, Kühn FE. Catalytic epoxidation of camphene using methyltrioxorhenium(VII) as catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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82
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83
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Moreno JRA, Huet TR, González JJL. Conformational relaxation of S-(+)-carvone and R-(+)-limonene studied by microwave Fourier transform spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Struct Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-012-0142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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84
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Jiang CS, Liang LF, Guo YW. Natural products possessing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity found in the last decades. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:1217-45. [PMID: 22941286 PMCID: PMC4002712 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of approximately 300 secondary metabolites with inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), which were isolated from various natural sources or derived from synthetic process in the last decades. The structure-activity relationship and the selectivity of some compounds against other protein phosphatases were also discussed. Potential pharmaceutical applications of several PTP1B inhibitors were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-shi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin-fu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue-wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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85
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Avilés Moreno JR, Partal Ureña F, López González JJ. Hydrogen bonding network in a chiral alcohol: (1R,2S,5R)-(−)-menthol. Conformational preference studied by IR–Raman–VCD spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations. Struct Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-012-0118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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86
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Myrtenal attenuates diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by stabilizing intrinsic antioxidants and modulating apoptotic and anti-apoptotic cascades. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2012; 35:269-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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87
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Moreno JRA, Ureña FP, González JJL. Conformational landscape and hydrogen bonding in (S)-(−)-perillyc acid: experimental VCD, IR, Raman, and theoretical DFT studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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88
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Taga I, Lan CQ, Altosaar I. Plant Essential Oils and Mastitis Disease: Their Potential Inhibitory Effects on Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Response to Bacteria Related Inflammation. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the role of plant volatile organic compounds, found in essential oils, for the treatment of bacteria related inflammation. This report is focused on tea tree oil, particularly its main compound terpinen-4-ol. Analysis of the published literature shows that many essential oils have significant antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects. Some of their major components, such as terpinen-4-ol, act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine expression while stimulating production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Such observations may be exploited to encourage biotherapy against mastitis. The use of synthetic antibiotics is being increasingly discouraged because their presence in dairy milk may have potential downstream effects on population health and the agri-food chain. In the context of inflammation and related mammalian responses, understanding the interplay between volatile organic compounds, especially terpinen-4-ol, and cytokines during bacteria related inflammation should clarify their mode of action to control mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Taga
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Christopher Q. Lan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Illimar Altosaar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
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Partal Ureña F, Avilés Moreno JR, López González JJ. Characterization of H-bonding networks in chiral alcohols using Infrared, Raman and Vibrational Circular Dichroism spectroscopies, and density functional calculations: (S)-(−)-perillyl alcohol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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90
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Plastina P, Bonofiglio D, Vizza D, Fazio A, Rovito D, Giordano C, Barone I, Catalano S, Gabriele B. Identification of bioactive constituents of Ziziphus jujube fruit extracts exerting antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in human breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:325-32. [PMID: 22301448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ziziphus extracts have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study we have investigated the effects of Ziziphus jujube extracts (ZEs) on breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the effects of increasing concentrations of ZEs on ERα positive MCF-7 and ERα negative SKBR3 breast cancer cell proliferation using MTT assays. Apoptosis was analyzed by evaluating the involvement of some pro-apoptotic proteins, including Bax, Bad, Bid and PARP cleavage by immunoblotting analysis. Moreover, the effects of ZEs treatment on apoptosis were tested by both DNA fragmentation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. By using chromatographic techniques, we identified the constituents of the effective extracts. RESULTS ZE1, ZE2, and ZE4 exerted significant antiproliferative effects on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive MCF-7 (IC(50) values of 14.42, 7.64, 1.69μg/mL) and ERα negative SKBR3 (IC(50) values of 14.06, 6.21, 3.70μg/mL) human breast cancer cells. Remarkably, ZEs did not affect cell viability of both normal human fibroblasts BJ1-hTERT and nonmalignant breast epithelial MCF-10A cells. Treatment with ZEs induced cell death by apoptosis in both malignant breast cells. We found that the most effective extracts ZE2 and ZE4 shared a number of triterpenic acids, already known for their anticancer activities. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a rational base for the use of Ziziphus extracts in the treatment of breast cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Plastina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
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Abstract
Plant-based diets contain a plethora of secondary metabolites that may impact on health and disease prevention. Much attention has been focused on the potential bioactivity and nutritional relevance of several classes of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, carotenoids, phyto-oestrogens and glucosinolates. Less attention has been paid to simple phenolic acids that are widely found in fruit, vegetables, herbs, spices and beverages. Daily intakes may exceed 100 mg. In addition, bacteria in the gut can perform reactions that transform more complex plant phenolics such as anthocyanins, procyanidins, flavanones, flavonols, tannins and isoflavones into simple phenolic metabolites. The colon is thus a rich source of potentially active phenolic acids that may impact both locally and systemically on gut health. Both the small and large intestine (colon) contain absorption sites for phenolic acids but low post-prandial concentrations in plasma indicate minimal absorption early in the gastrointestinal tract and/or rapid hepatic metabolism and excretion. Therefore, any bioactivity that contributes to gut health may predominantly occur in the colon. Several phenolic acids affect the expression and activity of enzymes involved in the production of inflammatory mediators of pathways thought to be important in the development of gut disorders including colon cancer. However, at present, we remain largely ignorant as to which of these compounds are beneficial to gut health. Until we can elucidate which pro-inflammatory and potentially carcinogenetic changes in gene expression can be moderated by simple phenolic acids, it is not possible to recommend specific plant-based foods rich in particular phenolics to optimise gut health.
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93
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Chidambara Murthy KN, Jayaprakasha GK, Mantur SM, Patil BS. Citrus Monoterpenes: Potential Source of Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1093.ch031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotamballi N. Chidambara Murthy
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - G. K. Jayaprakasha
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Shivappa M. Mantur
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Bhimanagouda S. Patil
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
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94
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Beneficial Health Effects of Bioactive Compounds Present in Spices and Aromatic Herbs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59514-0.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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95
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Lai CS, Pan MH. Mechanism for Possible Chemopreventive Effects of Natural Dietary Compounds on Smoking-induced Tumorigenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecm.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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96
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Thoppil RJ, Bishayee A. Terpenoids as potential chemopreventive and therapeutic agents in liver cancer. World J Hepatol 2011; 3:228-49. [PMID: 21969877 PMCID: PMC3182282 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v3.i9.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in medicine, liver cancer, predominantly hepatocellular carcinoma remains a major cause of death in the United States as well as the rest of the world. As limited treatment options are currently available to patients with liver cancer, novel preventive control and effective therapeutic approaches are considered to be reasonable and decisive measures to combat this disease. Several naturally occurring dietary and non-dietary phytochemicals have shown enormous potential in the prevention and treatment of several cancers, especially those of the gastrointestinal tract. Terpenoids, the largest group of phytochemicals, traditionally used for medicinal purposes in India and China, are currently being explored as anticancer agents in clinical trials. Terpenoids (also called "isoprenoids") are secondary metabolites occurring in most organisms, particularly plants. More than 40 000 individual terpenoids are known to exist in nature with new compounds being discovered every year. A large number of terpenoids exhibit cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells and cancer preventive as well as anticancer efficacy in preclinical animal models. This review critically examines the potential role of naturally occurring terpenoids, from diverse origins, in the chemoprevention and treatment of liver tumors. Both in vitro and in vivo effects of these agents and related cellular and molecular mechanisms are highlighted. Potential challenges and future directions involved in the advancement of these promising natural compounds in the chemoprevention and therapy of human liver cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roslin J Thoppil
- Roslin J Thoppil, Anupam Bishayee, Cancer Therapeutics and Chemoprevention Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern Ohio Universities Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States
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Aviles-Moreno JR, Ureña Horno E, Partal Ureña F, López González JJ. IR-Raman-VCD study of R-(+)-pulegone: influence of the solvent. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 79:767-776. [PMID: 20870454 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
R-(+)-Pulegone is a natural monoterpene obtained from the essential oils of a variety of plants. It is used in flavouring agents, perfumery and aromatherapy. In this work, a study of the molecular structure and the infrared and Raman spectra of this chemical is presented. Theoretical calculations reveal the existence of two conformers depending on the position of the methyl group (axial and equatorial), being the equatorial conformer the most stable. A complete and reliable assignment of the IR and Raman spectra of the title compound is made, and the results are used to carry out a detailed interpretation of the VCD spectrum of this compound in the 4000-900 cm(-1) region. Finally, the influence of the solvent in the VCD bands (intensity and sign) has been tested comparing the neat liquid spectrum with the VCD spectra recorded with four solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ramón Aviles-Moreno
- University of Jaén, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain.
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98
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Subbarao PG, Ashok P. Antihyperlipidemic effect of Trichilia connaroides in hypercholesterolemic rats and its possible mechanism. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011; 3:230-5. [PMID: 21687351 PMCID: PMC3103917 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.80777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of the chloroform (CETC) and methanol (METC) extracts of leaves of Trichilia connaroides in hypercholesterolemic rats and, subsequently, to evaluate the possible mechanism of its antihyperlipidemic effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antihyperlipidemic activity of CETC and METC (100 mg/kg) in hypercholesterolemic rats was investigated by recording the serum lipid profile after a month-long oral treatment of these extracts. Further, hypercholesterolemic regression test and hypercholesterolemic progression test were carried out to understand the possible mechanism of its antihypercholesterolemic effect. The data were analyzed for statistical significance by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnet's test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Hypercholesterolemic rats treated with CETC and METC produced a significant fall (P<0.05) in plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL )-cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and rise (P < 0.05) in high density lipoprotein (HDL) -cholesterol. A significant reduction (P < 0.01) in atherogenic index, increase (P < 0.05) in body weight and an insignificant influence on food intake were also observed at the end of the study. A hypercholesterolemic regression test revealed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the serum cholesterol level in both CETC and METC extract-treated animals. During the hypercholesterolemic progression test, a similar reduction in the serum cholesterol level was observed only in the METC extract-treated animals. The antihyperlipidemic effect was similar to fenofibrate and ezitimibe. Significant changes in the lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic animals confirm a potential antihyperlipidemic activity of the extracts. The CETC and METC extracts influenced the absorption and metabolism of dietary cholesterol to elicit the antihyperlipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Gurunath Subbarao
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE University's College of Pharmacy, 2 Block, Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore - 560 010, Karnataka, India
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Evaluation of the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of bioflavors. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1610-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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100
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Terpinen-4-ol Induces Apoptosis in Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:818261. [PMID: 21760828 PMCID: PMC3133878 DOI: 10.1155/2012/818261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Terpinen-4-ol, a monoterpene component of the essential oils of several aromatic plants, exhibits antitumor effects. In this study, the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for it were evaluated and studied, respectively on human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Our results indicated that terpinen-4-ol elicited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, as determined by MTT assay. Increased sub-G1 population and annexin-V binding, activation of caspases 9 and 3, cleavage of poly(ADPribose) polymerase (PARP), and a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) indicated involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in terpinen-4-ol-treated A549 and CL1-0 cells. Elevation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a decrease in IAP family proteins XIAP and survivin were also observed following terpinen-4-ol treatment. Notably, terpinen-4-ol was able to increase p53 levels in A549 and CL1-0 cells. Diminution of p53 by RNA interference induced necrosis instead of apoptosis in A549 cells following terpinen-4-ol treatment, indicating that terpinen-4-ol-elicited apoptosis is p53-dependent. Moreover, intratumoral administration of terpinen-4-ol significantly suppressed the growth of s.c. A549 xenografts by inducing apoptosis, as confirmed by TUNEL assay. Collectively, these data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying terpinen-4-ol-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells, rendering this compound a potential anticancer drug for NSCLC.
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