51
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Romano R, Bucci C. Role of EGFR in the Nervous System. Cells 2020; 9:E1887. [PMID: 32806510 PMCID: PMC7464966 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the first discovered member of the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily and plays a fundamental role during embryogenesis and in adult tissues, being involved in growth, differentiation, maintenance and repair of various tissues and organs. The role of EGFR in the regulation of tissue development and homeostasis has been thoroughly investigated and it has also been demonstrated that EGFR is a driver of tumorigenesis. In the nervous system, other growth factors, and thus other receptors, are important for growth, differentiation and repair of the tissue, namely neurotrophins and neurotrophins receptors. For this reason, for a long time, the role of EGFR in the nervous system has been underestimated and poorly investigated. However, EGFR is expressed both in the central and peripheral nervous systems and it has been demonstrated to have specific important neurotrophic functions, in particular in the central nervous system. This review discusses the role of EGFR in regulating differentiation and functions of neurons and neuroglia. Furthermore, its involvement in regeneration after injury and in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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52
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Mitchell R, Mikolajczak M, Kersten C, Fleetwood-Walker S. ErbB1-dependent signalling and vesicular trafficking in primary afferent nociceptors associated with hypersensitivity in neuropathic pain. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 142:104961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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53
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Mòdol-Caballero G, García-Lareu B, Verdés S, Ariza L, Sánchez-Brualla I, Brocard F, Bosch A, Navarro X, Herrando-Grabulosa M. Therapeutic Role of Neuregulin 1 Type III in SOD1-Linked Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1048-1060. [PMID: 31965551 PMCID: PMC7609630 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motoneuron (Mn) disease without effective cure currently available. Death of MNs in ALS is preceded by failure of neuromuscular junctions and axonal retraction. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a neurotrophic factor highly expressed in MNs and neuromuscular junctions that support axonal and neuromuscular development and maintenance. NRG1 and its ErbB receptors are involved in ALS. Reduced NRG1 expression has been found in ALS patients and in the ALS SOD1G93A mouse model; however, the expression of the isoforms of NRG1 and its receptors is still controversial. Due to the reduced levels of NRG1 type III (NRG1-III) in the spinal cord of ALS patients, we used gene therapy based on intrathecal administration of adeno-associated virus to overexpress NRG1-III in SOD1G93A mice. The mice were evaluated from 9 to 16 weeks of age by electrophysiology and rotarod tests. At 16 weeks, samples were harvested for histological and molecular analyses. Our results indicate that overexpression of NRG1-III is able to preserve neuromuscular function of the hindlimbs, improve locomotor performance, increase the number of surviving MNs, and reduce glial reactivity in the treated female SOD1G93A mice. Furthermore, the NRG1-III/ErbB4 axis appears to regulate MN excitability by modulating the chloride transporter KCC2 and reduces the expression of the MN vulnerability marker MMP-9. However, NRG1-III did not have a significant effect on male mice, indicating relevant sex differences. These findings indicate that increasing NRG1-III at the spinal cord is a promising approach for promoting MN protection and functional improvement in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Mòdol-Caballero
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Belén García-Lareu
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergi Verdés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lorena Ariza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Irene Sánchez-Brualla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix-Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Brocard
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix-Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Assumpció Bosch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Mireia Herrando-Grabulosa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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54
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Habib AM, Nagi K, Thillaiappan NB, Sukumaran V, Akhtar S. Vitamin D and Its Potential Interplay With Pain Signaling Pathways. Front Immunol 2020; 11:820. [PMID: 32547536 PMCID: PMC7270292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
About 50 million of the U.S. adult population suffer from chronic pain. It is a complex disease in its own right for which currently available analgesics have been deemed woefully inadequate since ~20% of the sufferers derive no benefit. Vitamin D, known for its role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, is thought to be of clinical benefit in treating chronic pain without the side-effects of currently available analgesics. A strong correlation between hypovitaminosis D and incidence of bone pain is known. However, the potential underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D might exert its analgesic effects are poorly understood. In this review, we discuss pathways involved in pain sensing and processing primarily at the level of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and the potential interplay between vitamin D, its receptor (VDR) and known specific pain signaling pathways including nerve growth factor (NGF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and opioid receptors. We also discuss how vitamin D/VDR might influence immune cells and pain sensitization as well as review the increasingly important topic of vitamin D toxicity. Further in vitro and in vivo experimental studies will be required to study these potential interactions specifically in pain models. Such studies could highlight the potential usefulness of vitamin D either alone or in combination with existing analgesics to better treat chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdella M Habib
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karim Nagi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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55
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Wang S, Liu S, Xu L, Zhu X, Liu W, Tian L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Nagendra BVP, Jia S, Liang L, Huo FQ. The upregulation of EGFR in the dorsal root ganglion contributes to chronic compression of dorsal root ganglions-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Mol Pain 2020; 15:1744806919857297. [PMID: 31215332 PMCID: PMC6585252 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919857297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Linping Xu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wanyuan Liu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Lixia Tian
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Borra V Padma Nagendra
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shushan Jia
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lingli Liang
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Quan Huo
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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56
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Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Ghneim N, Yousuf MS, Paige C, Tavares-Ferreira D, Mwirigi JM, Shiers S, Sankaranarayanan I, McFarland AJ, Neerukonda SV, Davidson S, Dussor G, Burton MD, Price TJ. A pharmacological interactome between COVID-19 patient samples and human sensory neurons reveals potential drivers of neurogenic pulmonary dysfunction. SSRN 2020:3581446. [PMID: 32714114 PMCID: PMC7366818 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3581446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus infects cells of the airway and lungs in humans causing the disease COVID-19. This disease is characterized by cough, shortness of breath, and in severe cases causes pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which can be fatal. Bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma from mild and severe cases of COVID-19 have been profiled using protein measurements and bulk and single cell RNA sequencing. Onset of pneumonia and ARDS can be rapid in COVID-19, suggesting a potential neuronal involvement in pathology and mortality. We sought to quantify how immune cells might interact with sensory innervation of the lung in COVID-19 using published data from patients, existing RNA sequencing datasets from human dorsal root ganglion neurons and other sources, and a genome-wide ligand-receptor pair database curated for pharmacological interactions relevant for neuro-immune interactions. Our findings reveal a landscape of ligand-receptor interactions in the lung caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and point to potential interventions to reduce the burden of neurogenic inflammation in COVID-19 disease. In particular, our work highlights opportunities for clinical trials with existing or under development rheumatoid arthritis and other (e.g. CCL2, CCR5 or EGFR inhibitors) drugs to treat high risk or severe COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta R. Ray
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Nizar Ghneim
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Muhammad S. Yousuf
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Candler Paige
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Juliet M. Mwirigi
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Amelia J. McFarland
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Sanjay V. Neerukonda
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Steve Davidson
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Gregory Dussor
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Michael D. Burton
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Theodore J. Price
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
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57
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EGFR Signaling Causes Morphine Tolerance and Mechanical Sensitization in Rats. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0460-18.2020. [PMID: 32111605 PMCID: PMC7218007 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0460-18.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of opioids are compromised as analgesic tolerance develops. Opioids are also ineffective against neuropathic pain. Recent reports have suggested that inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), may have analgesic effects in cancer patients suffering from neuropathic pain. It has been shown that the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), an RTK that has been shown to interact with the EGFR, mediates opioid tolerance but does not induce analgesia. Therefore, we sought to determine whether EGFR signaling was involved in opioid tolerance and whether EGFR and PDGFR signaling could induce pain in rats. We found that gefitinib, an EGFR antagonist, eliminated morphine tolerance. In addition, repeated EGF administration rendered animals unresponsive to subsequent analgesic doses of morphine, a phenomenon we call "pre-tolerance." Using a nerve injury model, we found that gefitinib alone was not analgesic. Rather, it reversed insensitivity to morphine analgesia (pre-tolerance) caused by the release of EGF by injured nerves. We also showed that repeated, but not acute EGF or PDGF-BB administration induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. EGFR and PDGFR-β signaling interacted to produce this sensitization. EGFR was widely expressed in primary sensory afferent cell bodies, demonstrating a neuroanatomical substrate for our findings. Taken together, our results suggest a direct mechanistic link between opioid tolerance and mechanical sensitization. EGFR antagonism could eventually play an important clinical role in the treatment of opioid tolerance and neuropathic pain that is refractory to opioid treatment.
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58
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Liang L, Wu S, Lin C, Chang YJ, Tao YX. Alternative Splicing of Nrcam Gene in Dorsal Root Ganglion Contributes to Neuropathic Pain. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2020; 21:892-904. [PMID: 31917219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
NrCAM, a neuronal cell adhesion molecule in the L1 family of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is subjected to extensively alternative splicing and involved in neural development and some disorders. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Nrcam mRNA alternative splicing in neuropathic pain. A next generation RNA sequencing analysis of dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) showed the differential expression of two splicing variants of Nrcam, Nrcam+10 and Nrcam-10, in the injured DRG after the fourth lumbar spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in mice. SNL increased the exon 10 insertion, resulting in an increase in the amount of Nrcam+10 and a corresponding decrease in the level of Nrcam-10 in the injured DRG. An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that specifically targeted exon 10 of Nrcam gene (Nrcam ASO) repressed RNA expression of Nrcam+10 and increased RNA expression of Nrcam-10 in in vitro DRG cell culture. Either DRG microinjection or intrathecal injection of Nrcam ASO attenuated SNL-induced the development of mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, or cold allodynia. Nrcam ASO also relieved SNL- or chronic compression of DRG (CCD)-induced the maintenance of pain hypersensitivities in male and female mice. PERSPECTIVE: We conclude that the relative levels of alternatively spliced Nrcam variants are critical for neuropathic pain genesis. Targeting Nrcam alternative splicing via the antisense oligonucleotides may be a new potential avenue in neuropathic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Shaogen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Corinna Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Yun-Juan Chang
- Office of advanced research computing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey; Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey; Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey.
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59
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Lehner C, Spitzer G, Gehwolf R, Wagner A, Weissenbacher N, Deininger C, Emmanuel K, Wichlas F, Tempfer H, Traweger A. Tenophages: a novel macrophage-like tendon cell population expressing CX3CL1 and CX3CR1. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.041384. [PMID: 31744815 PMCID: PMC6918766 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.041384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon disorders frequently occur and recent evidence has clearly implicated the presence of immune cells and inflammatory events during early tendinopathy. However, the origin and properties of these cells remain poorly defined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of cells in healthy rodent and human tendon tissue fulfilling macrophage-like functions. Using various transgenic reporter mouse models, we demonstrate the presence of tendon-resident cells in the dense matrix of the tendon core expressing the fractalkine (Fkn) receptor CX3CR1 and its cognate ligand CX3CL1/Fkn. Pro-inflammatory stimulation of 3D tendon-like constructs in vitro resulted in a significant increase in the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, Mmp3, Mmp9, CX3CL1 and epiregulin, which has been reported to contribute to inflammation, wound healing and tissue repair. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inhibition of the Fkn receptor blocked tendon cell migration in vitro, and show the presence of CX3CL1/CX3CR1/EREG-expressing cells in healthy human tendons. Taken together, we demonstrate the presence of CX3CL1+/CX3CR1+ 'tenophages' within the healthy tendon proper, which potentially fulfill surveillance functions in tendons.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lehner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Spitzer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Gehwolf
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Weissenbacher
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Deininger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katja Emmanuel
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian Wichlas
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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60
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Bjorland S, Gjerstad J, Schistad E, Swanson DM, Røe C. Persistent lumbar radicular and low back pain; impact of genetic variability versus emotional distress. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:547. [PMID: 31455415 PMCID: PMC6712656 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Earlier studies documenting the effect of candidate genes on recovery have seldom taken into consideration the impact of emotional distress. Thus, we aimed to assess the modifying effect of emotional distress on genetic variability as a predictor for pain recovery in lumbar radicular (LRP) and low back pain (LBP). RESULTS The study population comprised 201 patients and mean age was 41.7 years. The significant association between MMP9 rs17576 (B = 0.71, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.24, p = 0.009) and pain recovery remained statistically significant after adjusting for pain intensity at baseline, age, gender, smoking, body mass index, pain localization and emotional distress (B = 0.68, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.18, p = 0.008). In contrast, the association between OPRM1 (B = - 0.85, 95% CI - 1.66 to - 0.05, p = 0.038) and pain recovery was abolished in the multivariate analysis (B = - 0.72, 95% CI - 1.46 to 0.02, p = 0.058). Hence, MMP9 rs17576 and emotional distress independently seem to predict persistent back pain. The predictive effect of OPRM1 rs179971 with regard to the same outcome is probably dependent on other factors including emotional processing. Trial registration The Regional Committee for Medical Research and Ethics reference number 2014/1754.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Bjorland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Johannes Gjerstad
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0363, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Bioscience, University of Oslo, Postboks 1066 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elina Schistad
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - David M Swanson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie Røe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postboks 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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61
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Kersten C, Cameron MG. Oxaliplatin Plus Cetuximab: Are Uncertainties Unequivocally Settled? J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:1590-1591. [PMID: 31046553 DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kersten
- Christian Kersten, MD, PhD and Marte Grønlie Cameron, MD, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Marte Grønlie Cameron
- Christian Kersten, MD, PhD and Marte Grønlie Cameron, MD, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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62
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Role of GPCR (mu-opioid)-receptor tyrosine kinase (epidermal growth factor) crosstalk in opioid-induced hyperalgesic priming (type II). Pain 2019; 159:864-875. [PMID: 29447132 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Repeated stimulation of mu-opioid receptors (MORs), by an MOR-selective agonist DAMGO induces type II priming, a form of nociceptor neuroplasticity, which has 2 components: opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) and prolongation of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2)-induced hyperalgesia. We report that intrathecal antisense knockdown of the MOR in nociceptors, prevented the induction of both components of type II priming. Type II priming was also eliminated by SSP-saporin, which destroys the peptidergic class of nociceptors. Because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) participates in MOR signaling, we tested its role in type II priming. The EGFR inhibitor, tyrphostin AG 1478, prevented the induction of prolonged PGE2-induced hyperalgesia, but not OIH, when tested out to 30 days after DAMGO. However, even when repeatedly injected, an EGFR agonist did not induce hyperalgesia or priming. A phosphopeptide, which blocks the interaction of Src, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and EGFR, also prevented DAMGO-induced prolongation of PGE2 hyperalgesia, but only partially attenuated the induction of OIH. Inhibitors of Src and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) also only attenuated OIH. Inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase, which cleaves EGF from membrane protein, markedly attenuated the expression, but did not prevent the induction, of prolongation of PGE2 hyperalgesia. Thus, although the induction of prolongation of PGE2-induced hyperalgesia at the peripheral terminal of peptidergic nociceptor is dependent on Src, FAK, EGFR, and MAPK signaling, Src, FAK, and MAPK signaling is only partially involved in the induction of OIH.
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Whole blood transcriptomic profiles can differentiate vulnerability to chronic low back pain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216539. [PMID: 31095601 PMCID: PMC6522025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic pain remain unclear. Here, we sought to characterize the transcriptome associated with chronic low back pain as well as the transcriptome of the transition from acute to chronic low back pain. For the analysis, we compared the whole blood transcriptome of: (a) patients at the onset of low back pain who no longer had pain within 6 weeks after onset (acute) with patients who developed chronic low back pain at 6 months (chronic T5); and, (b) patients at the onset of low back pain (chronic T1) who developed chronic pain at 6 months with healthy pain-free (normal) controls. The majority of differentially expressed genes were protein coding. We illustrate a unique chronic low back pain transcriptome characterized by significant enrichment for known pain genes, extracellular matrix genes, and genes from the extended major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genomic locus. The transcriptome of the transition from acute to chronic low back pain was characterized by significant upregulation of antigen presentation pathway (MHC class I and II) genes and downregulation of mitochondrial genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting a unique genomic signature of vulnerability to low back pain chronicity.
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Cai Y, Xie KL, Wu HL, Wu K. Functional suppression of Epiregulin impairs angiogenesis and aggravates left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase1/2 signaling pathway in rats after acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18653-18665. [PMID: 31062344 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a severe consequence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is often associated with high mortality and morbidity. Emerging evidence have shown that the inhibition of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway appears to protect against AMI. Epiregulin (EREG) is an autocrine growth factor that is believed to activate the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the expression patterns of EREG in AMI and to further study its effects on AMI induced experimentally in rats focusing on angiogenesis and left ventricular remodeling. Microarray-based gene expression profiling of AMI was used to identify differentially expressed genes. To understand the biological significance of EREG and whether it is involved in AMI disease through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, rats after AMI were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against EREG, an ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor, PD98059, or both of them. The microarray data sets GSE66360 and GSE46395 showed that EREG was robustly induced in AMI. Both siRNA-mediated depletion of EREG and PD98059 treatment were shown to significantly increase infarct size and left ventricular cardiomyocyte loss and enhance left ventricular remodeling. In addition, we also found that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was inhibited following siRNA-mediated EREG inhibition and PD98059 could enhance the effects of EREG inhibition on AMI. In conclusion, these findings highlight that the silencing of EREG inhibits angiogenesis and promotes left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, providing a novel therapeutic target for limiting AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Kang-Ling Xie
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Lin Wu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
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66
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Epiregulin is released from intervertebral disks and induces spontaneous activity in pain pathways. Pain Rep 2019; 4:e718. [PMID: 31041419 PMCID: PMC6455685 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lumbar radicular pain after disk herniation is associated with local release of many inflammatory molecules from nucleus pulposus (NP) cells leaking out of the intervertebral disk. Here, we have used a rat model to investigate the role of epiregulin (EREG), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, in this process. Methods: A protein immunoassay was chosen to confirm the release of EREG from the NP tissue. Single unit recordings were used to demonstrate the effect of recombinant EREG applied onto the dorsal nerve roots in vivo. Intracellular responses induced by recombinant EREG were studied in cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells by phosphoprotein assay. Changes in EGF receptor expression induced by NP in the DRG were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The protein immunoassay showed that EREG was released from the NP tissue. Moreover, application of EREG onto the spinal dorsal nerve roots induced a decrease in the evoked responses, but an increase in spontaneous activity in the dorsal horn neurons. Interestingly, the EREG activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in the DRG, a pathway previously linked to cellular growth, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. An NP-induced upregulation of the EGF receptor HER3 in the DRG was also revealed. Conclusion: Taken together, the present observations indicate that EREG may induce changes in the DRG and spontaneous activity in the pain pathways. We suggest that EREG signaling may be involved in the pathophysiological process leading to sensory deficits and neuropathic pain in patients after disk herniation.
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Du X, Chen ZY, Guo D, Zhang H, Liu Y, Wang CL, Sun TT, Shi LF, Li Y, Liu F. Molecular dynamic investigate the affection of EGFR by Tubemoside. J Mol Graph Model 2019; 88:203-208. [PMID: 30716685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tubemoside as a common traditional Chinese medicine is playing an important role in the field of prevention and treatment of lung cancer without any side effects. However, the reason and its mechanism remain unclear. In our study, the molecular dynamic simulation was used to investigate the mechanism at the molecular level. We found that the hydrogen bond network of proteins (three states of EGFR) was affected by Tubemoside. The movement and opening/closing state of protein was changed when combine with Tubemoside. The results of principal component analysis were used to prove the transform of proteins and the change of its movement. Electrostatic interactions of proteins also were studied. The numbers of active interaction sites will decrease while Tubemoside emerged in the protein, which will cause the activity change of EGFR for forming asymmetric dimers required for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Du
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Dong Guo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Chun-Liu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China
| | - Long-Fei Shi
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, PR China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, PR China; Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
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Fu J, Li L, Yang X, Yang R, Amjad N, Liu L, Tan C, Chen H, Wang X. Transactivated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Recruitment of α-actinin-4 From F-actin Contributes to Invasion of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Meningitic Escherichia coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 8:448. [PMID: 30687645 PMCID: PMC6333852 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial penetration of the blood-brain barrier requires its successful invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), and host actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in these cells is a key prerequisite for this process. We have reported previously that meningitic Escherichia coli can induce the activation of host's epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to facilitate its invasion of BMECs. However, it is unknown how EGFR specifically functions during this invasion process. Here, we identified an important EGFR-interacting protein, α-actinin-4 (ACTN4), which is involved in maintaining and regulating the actin cytoskeleton. We observed that transactivated-EGFR competitively recruited ACTN4 from intracellular F-actin fibers to disrupt the cytoskeleton, thus facilitating bacterial invasion of BMECs. Strikingly, this mechanism operated not only for meningitic E. coli, but also for infections with Streptococcus suis, a Gram-positive meningitis-causing bacterial pathogen, thus revealing a common mechanism hijacked by these meningitic pathogens where EGFR competitively recruits ACTN4. Ever rising levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the emergence of their extended-spectrum antimicrobial-resistant counterparts remind us that EGFR could act as an alternative non-antibiotic target to better prevent and control bacterial meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaopei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruicheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Nouman Amjad
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
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Cheng H, Wu LY. Influence of Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B-Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway on the Neuropathic Pain Complicated by Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors for the Treatment of HIV Infection. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1849-1856. [PMID: 30058583 PMCID: PMC6071467 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.237398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are the earliest and most commonly used anti-human immunodeficiency virus drugs and play an important role in high active antiretroviral therapy. However, NRTI drug therapy can cause peripheral neuropathic pain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of rapamycin on the pain sensitization of model mice by in vivo experiments to explore the effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain caused by NRTIs. Methods: Male Kun Ming (KM) mice weighing 20–22 g were divided into control, 2 mg/kg rapamycin, 12 mg/kg stavudine, and CMC-Na groups. Drugs were orally administered to mice for 42 consecutive days. The von Frey filament detection and thermal pain tests were conducted on day 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 after drug administration. After the last behavioral tests, immunohistochemistry and western blotting assay were used for the measurement of mTOR and other biomarkers. Multivariate analysis of variance was used. Results: The beneficial effects of rapamycin on neuropathic pain were attributed to a reduction in mammalian target of rapamycin sensitive complex 1 (mTORC1)-positive cells (70.80 ± 2.41 vs. 112.30 ± 5.66, F = 34.36, P < 0.01) and mTORC1 activity in the mouse spinal cord. Mechanistic studies revealed that Protein Kinase B (Akt)/mTORsignaling pathway blockade with rapamycin prevented the phosphorylation of mTORC1 in stavudine-intoxicated mice (0.72 ± 0.04 vs. 0.86 ± 0.03, F = 4.24, P = 0.045), as well as decreased the expression of phospho-p70S6K (0.47 ± 0.01 vs. 0.68 ± 0.03, F = 6.01, P = 0.022) and phospho-4EBP1 (0.90 ± 0.04 vs. 0.94 ± 0.06, F = 0.28, P = 0.646). Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that stavudine elevates the expression and activity of mTORC1 in the spinal cord through activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The data also provide evidence that rapamycin might be useful for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Liang-Yu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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Khoutorsky A, Price TJ. Translational Control Mechanisms in Persistent Pain. Trends Neurosci 2018; 41:100-114. [PMID: 29249459 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Persistent pain, which is poorly treated and estimated to afflict one third of the world's population, is largely mediated by the sensitization of nociceptive neurons. This sensitization involves de novo gene expression to support biochemical and structural changes required to maintain amplified pain signaling that frequently persists even after injury to tissue resolves. While transcription-dependent changes in gene expression are important, recent work demonstrates that activity-dependent regulation of mRNA translation is key to controlling the cellular proteome and the development and maintenance of persistent pain. In this review, we highlight recent advances in translational regulation of gene expression in nociceptive circuits, with a focus on key signaling pathways and mRNA targets that may be tractable for the creation of next-generation pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
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71
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Chen YJ, Chang WA, Wu LY, Hsu YL, Chen CH, Kuo PL. Systematic Analysis of Transcriptomic Profile of Chondrocytes in Osteoarthritic Knee Using Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E535. [PMID: 30544699 PMCID: PMC6306862 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic change of chondrocytes and the interplay between cartilage and subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA) has received much attention. Structural changes with nerve ingrowth and vascular penetration within OA cartilage may contribute to arthritic joint pain. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes and potential miRNA regulations in OA knee chondrocytes through next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Results suggested the involvement of SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) and Wnt family member 5A (WNT5A) in the growth of blood vessels and cell aggregation, representing features of cartilage damage in OA. Additionally, 26 dysregulated genes with potential miRNA⁻mRNA interactions were identified in OA knee chondrocytes. Myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS), epiregulin (EREG), leucine rich repeat containing 15 (LRRC15), and phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) expression patterns were similar among related OA cartilage, subchondral bone and synovial tissue arrays in Gene Expression Omnibus database. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified MARCKS to be associated with the outgrowth of neurite, and novel miRNA regulations were proposed to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of the altered OA knee joint microenvironment. The current findings suggest new perspectives in studying novel genes potentially contributing to arthritic joint pain in knee OA, which may assist in finding new targets for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Yu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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Uttam S, Wong C, Price TJ, Khoutorsky A. eIF4E-Dependent Translational Control: A Central Mechanism for Regulation of Pain Plasticity. Front Genet 2018; 9:470. [PMID: 30459806 PMCID: PMC6232926 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational control of gene expression has emerged as a key mechanism in regulating different forms of long-lasting neuronal plasticity. Maladaptive plastic reorganization of peripheral and spinal nociceptive circuits underlies many chronic pain states and relies on new gene expression. Accordingly, downregulation of mRNA translation in primary afferents and spinal dorsal horn neurons inhibits tissue injury-induced sensitization of nociceptive pathways, supporting a central role for translation dysregulation in the development of persistent pain. Translation is primarily regulated at the initiation stage via the coordinated activity of translation initiation factors. The mRNA cap-binding protein, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), is involved in the recruitment of the ribosome to the mRNA cap structure, playing a central role in the regulation of translation initiation. eIF4E integrates inputs from the mTOR and ERK signaling pathways, both of which are activated in numerous painful conditions to regulate the translation of a subset of mRNAs. Many of these mRNAs are involved in the control of cell growth, proliferation, and neuroplasticity. However, the full repertoire of eIF4E-dependent mRNAs in the nervous system and their translation regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the current evidence for the role of eIF4E-dependent translational control in the sensitization of pain circuits and present pharmacological approaches to target these mechanisms. Understanding eIF4E-dependent translational control mechanisms and their roles in aberrant plasticity of nociceptive circuits might reveal novel therapeutic targets to treat persistent pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Uttam
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Diatchenko L. The human pain genetics database: an interview with Luda Diatchenko. Pain Manag 2018; 8:259-261. [PMID: 29869557 DOI: 10.2217/pmt-2018-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Luda Diatchenko, MD, PhD is a Canada Excellence Research Chair in Human Pain Genetics, Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry at McGill University, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain. She earned her MD and PhD in the field of molecular biology from the Russian State Medical University. She started her career in industry, she was a Leader of the RNA Expression Group at Clontech, Inc., and subsequently, Director of Gene Discovery at Attagene, Inc. During this time, she was actively involved in the development of several widely used and widely cited molecular tools for the analysis of gene expression and regulation. Her academic career started at 2000 in the Center for Neurosensory Disorders at University of North Carolina. Her research since then is focused on determining the cellular and molecular biological mechanisms by which functional genetic variations impact human pain perception and risk of development of chronic pain conditions, enabling new approaches to identify new drug targets, treatment responses to analgesics and diagnostic. Multiple collaborative activities allow the Diatchenko group to take basic genetic findings all the way from human association studies, through molecular and cellular mechanisms to animal models and ultimately to human clinical trials. In total, she has authored or co-authored over 120 peer-reviewed research papers in journals, ten book chapters and edited a book in human pain genetics. She is a member and an active officer of several national and international scientific societies, including the International Association for the Study of Pain and the American Pain Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luda Diatchenko
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain; Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine; Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Genome Building, Room 2201740, Dr Penfield AvenueMontreal, Quebec, Canada H3A0G1
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Megat S, Price TJ. Therapeutic opportunities for pain medicines via targeting of specific translation signaling mechanisms. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2018; 4:8-19. [PMID: 30211342 PMCID: PMC6130820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A common underlying cause of chronic pain is a phenotypic change in nociceptors in the peripheral nervous system. Translation regulation signaling pathways control gene expression changes that drive chronic pain. We focus on developments in pharmacology around translation regulation signaling that may yield new pain therapeutics.
As the population of the world ages and as more and more people survive diseases that used to be primary causes of mortality, the incidence of severe chronic pain in most of the world has risen dramatically. This type of pain is very difficult to treat and the opioid overdose epidemic that has become a leading cause of death in the United States and other parts of the world highlights the urgent need to develop new pain therapeutics. A common underlying cause of severe chronic pain is a phenotypic change in pain-sensing neurons in the peripheral nervous system called nociceptors. These neurons play a vital role in detecting potentially injurious stimuli, but when these neurons start to detect very low levels of inflammatory meditators or become spontaneously active, they send spurious pain signals to the brain that are significant drivers of chronic pain. An important question is what drives this phenotypic shift in nociceptors from quiescence under most conditions to sensitization to a broad variety of stimuli and spontaneous activity. The goal of this review is to discuss the critical role that specific translation regulation signaling pathways play in controlling gene expression changes that drive nociceptor sensitization and may underlie the development of spontaneous activity. The focus will be on advances in technologies that allow for identification of such targets and on developments in pharmacology around translation regulation signaling that may yield new pain therapeutics. A key advantage of pharmacological manipulation of these signaling events is that they may reverse phenotypic shifts in nociceptors that drive chronic pain thereby creating the first generation of disease modifying drugs for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Megat
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
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