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Anagnostis P, Vaitsi K, Veneti S, Georgiou T, Paschou SA, Lambrinoudaki I, Goulis DG. Management of dyslipidaemias in the elderly population—A narrative review. Maturitas 2019; 124:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Larussa T, Imeneo M, Luzza F. Olive Tree Biophenols in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: When Bitter is Better. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061390. [PMID: 30897691 PMCID: PMC6471980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current therapeutic scenario for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, but concerns regarding their safety profiles and high costs heavily impact their widespread use. In recent years, the beneficial effects thatbiophenols—from fruit and vegetables—have on human health have been investigated. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic fraction, from olive leaves and fruits, have been suggested, and a potential application in gut inflammation has been supported by in vitro and IBD-animal models studies. In the present review, we first introduced the potential therapeutic role of olive tree biophenolsin chronic inflammatory disease. Then, we aimed to describe their most interesting application for gut inflammation, as the results of basic science studies and animal experimental models. Finally, the potential role of olive tree biophenols in the setting of human IBD is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Larussa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Imeneo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Luzza
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Lăcătușu CM, Grigorescu ED, Floria M, Onofriescu A, Mihai BM. The Mediterranean Diet: From an Environment-Driven Food Culture to an Emerging Medical Prescription. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E942. [PMID: 30875998 PMCID: PMC6466433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet originates in the food cultures of ancient civilizations which developed around the Mediterranean Basin and is based on the regular consumption of olive oil (as the main source of added fat), plant foods (cereals, fruits, vegetables, legumes, tree nuts, and seeds), the moderate consumption of fish, seafood, and dairy, and low-to-moderate alcohol (mostly red wine) intake, balanced by a comparatively limited use of red meat and other meat products. A few decades ago, the Mediterranean diet drew the attention of medical professionals by proving extended health benefits. The first reports ascertained cardiovascular protection, as multiple large-scale clinical studies, starting with Ancel Keys' Seven Countries Study, showed a marked reduction of atherosclerotic clinical events in populations with a Mediterranean dietary pattern. Ensuing trials confirmed favorable influences on the risk for metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. While its health benefits are universally recognized today by medical professionals, the present state of the Mediterranean diet is challenged by major difficulties in implementing this protective dietary pattern in other geographical and cultural areas and keeping it alive in traditional Mediterranean territories, also tainted by the unhealthy eating habits brought by worldwide acculturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Mihaela Lăcătușu
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
- "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.
| | - Elena-Daniela Grigorescu
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
| | - Mariana Floria
- "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.
- Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
| | - Alina Onofriescu
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
- "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.
| | - Bogdan-Mircea Mihai
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
- "Sf. Spiridon" Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.
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Che YY, Xia XJ, He BP, Gao YY, Ren WB, Liu HT, Liu JF, Huang TH, Han WY, Lei LC. A corn straw-based diet increases release of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of dairy cows. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 19:796-806. [PMID: 30269447 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that diet can affect the body's immunity. Roughage of dairy cows consists of a variety of plant materials which make different contributions to health. This study investigated the effect of different roughages on the immunity of dairy cows. Serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and milk samples were collected from 20 multiparous mid-lactation cows fed mixed forage (MF)- or corn straw (CS)-based diets. Expression profile analysis was used to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from PBMCs. The results showed that milk protein in the MF group increased to 3.22 g/100 ml, while that of the CS group milk was 2.96 g/100 ml; by RNA sequencing, it was found that 1615 genes were differentially expressed between the CS group and the MF group among the 24 027 analyzed probes. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis of DEGs suggested that these genes (especially genes coding cytokines, chemokine and its receptors) are involved in the immune response. Results were confirmed at the protein level via detecting the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, leptin (LEP), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in peripheral blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay analysis. Our data supported the conclusions that the protein content in milk of the MF group was higher than that of the CS group, the CS-based diets induced more release of cytokines than the MF-based diets in dairy cows' PBMCs, and milk protein content may be affected by cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yi Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Bo-Ping He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wen-Bo Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian-Fang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ting-Hao Huang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wen-Yu Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lian-Cheng Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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55
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Paans NPG, Gibson-Smith D, Bot M, van Strien T, Brouwer IA, Visser M, Penninx BWJH. Depression and eating styles are independently associated with dietary intake. Appetite 2018; 134:103-110. [PMID: 30583007 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Depression and eating styles are two important, interrelated factors associated with dietary intake. However, it remains unclear whether depression and eating styles are independently associated with dietary intake, and whether associations between depression and dietary intake are mediated by eating styles. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the associations of, and interplay between depression and eating styles in relation to different aspects of dietary intake. Cross-sectional data from 1442 participants (healthy controls (22.7%), remitted (61.0%) and current patients (16.3%)) from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were used. Linear regression analyses were used to determine associations of depressive disorders (DSM-IV based psychiatric interview), self-reported depressive symptoms (Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology), emotional, external and restrained eating (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire) with 4 measures of dietary intake (total energy intake (kcal/d), Mediterranean diet score (MDS), intake of sweets foods (g/d), and snack/fast-food (g/d)) measured with a 238-item food frequency questionnaire. Statistical mediation analyses were used to study whether associations between depression and dietary intake were mediated by eating styles. Current depression diagnosis and severity were associated with lower MDS and higher intake of sweet foods and snack/fast-food. Emotional and external eating were associated with higher intakes of snack/fast-food; external eating was also associated with higher total energy intake. Restrained eating was associated with lower total energy and intake of sweet foods, and higher MDS. Associations between current depression or severity and intake of snack/fast-food were mediated by external eating. In general, depression and eating styles contributed independently to poorer diet quality and higher intake of sweet and snack/fast-food. The association between depression and higher intake of snack/fast-food was mediated by external eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine P G Paans
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Deborah Gibson-Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mariska Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Tatjana van Strien
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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56
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Hardman RJ, Meyer D, Kennedy G, Macpherson H, Scholey AB, Pipingas A. The association between adherence to a Mediterranean style diet and cognition in older people: The impact of medication. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:2156-2165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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57
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Hernández-Ruiz A, García-Villanova B, Guerra-Hernández E, Amiano P, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Molina-Montes E. Comparison of the Dietary Antioxidant Profiles of 21 a priori Defined Mediterranean Diet Indexes. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 118:2254-2268.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kretowicz H, Hundley V, Tsofliou F. Exploring the Perceived Barriers to Following a Mediterranean Style Diet in Childbearing Age: A Qualitative Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1694. [PMID: 30404231 PMCID: PMC6266554 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable amount of research has focused on interventions in pregnancy to promote health in current and future generations. This has yielded inconsistent results and focus has turned towards improving health in the preconception period. Promotion of healthy dietary patterns similar to a Mediterranean diet in the preconception years has been suggested as a dietary strategy to prevent maternal obesity and optimize offspring health. However, it is uncertain whether adoption is acceptable in women of childbearing age. This qualitative study aims to investigate the perceived barriers to following a Mediterranean diet in women of childbearing age. Semi-structured focus groups were used to generate deep insights to be used to guide the development of a future intervention. Nulliparous women aged between 20 and 47 years were recruited (n = 20). Six focus groups were digitally audio recorded and transcribed verbatim by the researcher. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data, which occurred in parallel with data collection to ascertain when data saturation was reached. Five core themes were identified: Mediterranean diet features, perceived benefits, existing dietary behavior and knowledge, practical factors, and information source. The present study highlights that a Mediterranean diet is acceptable to childbearing-aged women, and the insights generated will be helpful in developing an intervention to promote Mediterranean diet adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Kretowicz
- Department of Human Science and Public Health, Centre for Midwifery, Maternal and Perinatal Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH1 3LT, UK.
| | - Vanora Hundley
- Department of Human Science and Public Health, Centre for Midwifery, Maternal and Perinatal Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH1 3LT, UK.
| | - Fotini Tsofliou
- Department of Human Science and Public Health, Centre for Midwifery, Maternal and Perinatal Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH1 3LT, UK.
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59
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Gibson-Smith D, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Visser M, Penninx BWJH. Diet quality in persons with and without depressive and anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 106:1-7. [PMID: 30240962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the association of depressive and anxiety disorders and their clinical characteristics (disorder type, severity, chronicity and clinical subtypes) with diet quality. METHOD Data from 1634 adults (controls = 336, current disorder = 414, remitted = 886) were sourced from the 9-year follow-up of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Depressive and anxiety disorders were established with Composite International Diagnostic Interviews. Severity was measured with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS), Fear Questionnaire and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Chronicity was measured with life-chart interviews expressed as percentage time with a disorder(s). Diet quality was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). RESULTS Diet quality was significantly worse among subjects with a current disorder than among healthy controls. Subdividing subjects showed that those with concurrent depressive and anxiety disorders had the lowest diet quality score (MDS: β = -0.41 per SD, 95% Confidence interval (95%CI) = -0.60, -0.21; AHEI β = -0.22 per SD 95% CI = -0.42,-0.03). More chronic depression or anxiety disorders and increased severity in all participants showed a dose-response association with poorer diet quality. There was no distinct pattern between IDS items related to depression subtypes and diet quality. CONCLUSION Diet quality is poorer in persons with depressive and anxiety disorders; in particular in those with comorbidity. The more severe and chronic the symptoms, the poorer the diet quality. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the direction of the relationship of depressive and anxiety disorders with diet quality and to examine whether improving diet quality could improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Gibson-Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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60
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Enget Jensen TM, Braaten T, Jacobsen BK, Barnung RB, Olsen A, Skeie G. Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) cohort. Food Nutr Res 2018; 62:1339. [PMID: 30237757 PMCID: PMC6139480 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index has been associated with better health outcomes, but the results have not been consistent. The association between high adherence and higher intake of energy and healthy and less healthy foods has been persistent across countries, highlighting the need to examine potential confounding by energy intake. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine energy-adjusted dietary factors and lifestyle factors related to the index in a Norwegian context. DESIGN The study was cross-sectional within the Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort and included 81,516 women aged 41-76. Information about habitual food intake was based on a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The index incorporated six food groups (fish, root vegetables, cabbages, apples/pears, whole grain bread, and breakfast cereals). Ordered trend and regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the index and lifestyle and dietary factors with energy-adjusted models. RESULTS Nearly one out of four women (22.8%) had low adherence, 49.0% had medium adherence, and 28.2% had high adherence to the index. Intake of energy and of both healthy and less healthy foods increased with increased adherence. Energy adjustment removed the associations between less healthy foods and high adherence and demonstrated a better dietary composition in high adherers. The healthy Nordic foods contributed more to the total food intake in high versus low adherers, and high adherence was associated with a healthier lifestyle. CONCLUSION High adherence was associated with a healthier lifestyle, both concerning diet and other factors. Energy adjustment of potential confounding foods removed associations between high adherence and less healthy foods. The Nordic foods accounted for a larger fraction of the diet among high adherers, at the expense of other healthy foods. Careful adjustment for confounders is warranted when assessing associations between the index and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torill M. Enget Jensen
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjarne Koster Jacobsen
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Runa Borgund Barnung
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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61
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Simón L, Funes AK, Monclús MA, Colombo R, Cabrillana ME, Saez Lancellotti TE, Fornés MW. Manchette-acrosome disorders and testicular efficiency decline observed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits are recovered with olive oil enriched diet. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202748. [PMID: 30138421 PMCID: PMC6107225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet is associated with hypercholesterolemia and seminal alterations in White New Zealand rabbits. We have previously reported disorders in the development of the manchette-acrosome complex during spermiogenesis and decreased testicular efficiency in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. On the other hand, olive oil incorporated into the diet improves cholesterolemia and semen parameters affected in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In this paper, we report the recovery—with the addition of olive oil to diet—from the sub-cellular mechanisms involved in the shaping of the sperm cell and testicular efficiency altered in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Using morphological (structural, ultra-structural and immuno-fluorescence techniques) and cell biology techniques, a reorganization of the manchette and related structures was observed when olive oil was added to the high-fat diet. Specifically, actin filaments, microtubules and lipid rafts—abnormally distributed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits—were recovered with dietary olive oil supplementation. The causes of the decline in sperm count were studied in the previous report and here in more detail. These were attributed to the decrease in the efficiency index and also to the increase in the apoptotic percentage in testis from animals under the high-fat diet. Surprisingly, the addition of olive oil to the diet avoided the sub-cellular, efficiency and apoptosis changes observed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. This paper reports the positive effects of the olive oil addition to the diet in the recovery of testicular efficiency and normal sperm shaping, mechanisms altered by hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Abi K. Funes
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María A. Monclús
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Regina Colombo
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María E. Cabrillana
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Tania E. Saez Lancellotti
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miguel W. Fornés
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
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Yan M, Vemu B, Veenstra J, Petiwala SM, Johnson JJ. Carnosol, a dietary diterpene from rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) activates Nrf2 leading to sestrin 2 induction in colon cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 5. [PMID: 30972223 DOI: 10.15761/imm.1000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Rosemary is abundant with phytochemicals and has recently been approved as an antioxidant food preservative in the European Union. The safety of rosemary is well established, however, the benefits on gastrointestinal health are less known. Our overall hypothesis is that the phytochemicals in rosemary including carnosol have the potential to promote gastrointestinal health by activation of the antioxidant sestrin-2 when consumed in our diet. Methods Colon cells HCT116 and SW480 were treated with carnosol and evaluated by MTT, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and Western blot analysis to understand the modulation of the PERK/Nrf2/Sestrin-2 pathway. Results Carnosol was found to modulate PERK and increase the concentration of nuclear Nrf2. Furthermore, a downstream marker of Nrf2 expression, Sestrin-2 was shown to be upregulated. Conclusion Based on these observations carnosol modulates the PERK and Nrf2 pathways along with increased expression of sestrin-2, a known stress inducible antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bhaskar Vemu
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jacob Veenstra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sakina M Petiwala
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Pavlidou E, Mantzorou M, Fasoulas A, Tryfonos C, Petridis D, Giaginis C. Wine: An Aspiring Agent in Promoting Longevity and Preventing Chronic Diseases. Diseases 2018; 6:diseases6030073. [PMID: 30096779 PMCID: PMC6165230 DOI: 10.3390/diseases6030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moderate wine consumption is a characteristic of the Mediterranean diet. Studies around the world have shown a beneficial effect of moderate alcohol intake, especially wine, on health. This review aims to critically summarise the most recent studies that investigate the beneficial effects of moderate wine intake on human health. METHODS The PubMed database was comprehensively searched to identify trials published from 2013 to 2018 that investigated the association between moderate wine consumption and health. RESULTS The most recent studies confirm the valuable role of moderate wine consumption, especially red wine, in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, cognitive decline, depression, and cancer. In the meantime, recent studies also highlight the beneficial role of red wine against oxidative stress and in favour of desirable gut bacteria. The beneficial role of red wine has been attributed to its phytochemical compounds, as highlighted by clinical trials, where the effect of red wine has been compared to white wine, non-alcoholic wine, other alcoholic drinks, and water. CONCLUSIONS Moderate wine intake, at 1⁻2 glasses per day as part of the Mediterranean diet, has been positively associated with human health promotion, disease prevention, and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
| | - Maria Mantzorou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
| | - Aristeidis Fasoulas
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
| | - Christina Tryfonos
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
| | - Dimitris Petridis
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 57400 Sindos, Greece.
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece.
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Arginine inhibits the malignant transformation induced by interferon-gamma through the NF-κB-GCN2/eIF2α signaling pathway in mammary epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Exp Cell Res 2018; 368:236-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ravi SK, Narasingappa RB, Vincent B. Neuro-nutrients as anti-alzheimer's disease agents: A critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2999-3018. [PMID: 29846084 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1481012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a massive neuronal death causing memory loss, cognitive impairment and behavioral alteration that ultimately lead to dementia and death. AD is a multi-factorial pathology controlled by molecular events such as oxidative stress, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuro inflammation. Nowadays, there is no efficient disease-modifying treatment for AD and epidemiological studies have suggested that diet and nutrition have a significant impact on the development of this disorder. Indeed, some nutrients can protect all kind of cells, including neurons. As prevention is better than cure, life style improvement, with a special emphasis on diet, should seriously be considered as an anti-AD track and intake of nutrients promoting neuronal health is the need of the hour. Diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols and vitamins have been shown to protect against AD, whereas saturated fatty acids-containing diets deprived of polyphenols promote the development of the disease. Thus, Mediterranean diets, mainly composed of fruits, vegetables and omega-3 fatty acids, stand as valuable, mild and preventive anti-AD agents. This review focuses on our current knowledge in the field and how one can fight this devastating neurodegenerative disorder through the simple proper modification of our life style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences , Bangalore , Hassan , Karnataka , India
| | - Ramesh B Narasingappa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences , Bangalore , Hassan , Karnataka , India
| | - Bruno Vincent
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University , Nakhon Pathom , Thailand.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , Paris , France
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Gorzynik-Debicka M, Przychodzen P, Cappello F, Kuban-Jankowska A, Marino Gammazza A, Knap N, Wozniak M, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Potential Health Benefits of Olive Oil and Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E686. [PMID: 29495598 PMCID: PMC5877547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Beneficial effects of natural plant polyphenols on the human body have been evaluated in a number of scientific research projects. Bioactive polyphenols are natural compounds of various chemical structures. Their sources are mostly fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, roots, bark, leaves of different plants, herbs, whole grain products, processed foods (dark chocolate), as well as tea, coffee, and red wine. Polyphenols are believed to reduce morbidity and/or slow down the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancer. Biological activity of polyphenols is strongly related to their antioxidant properties. They tend to reduce the pool of reactive oxygen species as well as to neutralize potentially carcinogenic metabolites. A broad spectrum of health-promoting properties of plant polyphenols comprises antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-atherogenic, anti-thrombotic, and anti-mutagenic effects. Scientific studies present the ability of polyphenols to modulate the human immune system by affecting the proliferation of white blood cells, and also the production of cytokines or other factors that participate in the immunological defense. The aim of the review is to focus on polyphenols of olive oil in context of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Przychodzen
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90136 Palermo, Italy.
| | | | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90136 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Narcyz Knap
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Biophysics, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Pizarro N, de la Torre R. Inter-relationship of the Intestinal Microbiome, Diet, and Mental Health. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-018-0147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dietary management of dyslipidaemias. Is there any evidence for cardiovascular benefit? Maturitas 2018; 108:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Katsiki N, Kolovou G, Perez-Martinez P, Mikhailidis DP. Dyslipidaemia in the elderly: to treat or not to treat? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018; 11:259-278. [PMID: 29303009 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1425138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The elderly population (i.e. aged ≥ 65 years) is increasing worldwide. Ageing is associated with a higher incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Areas covered: The prevalence of CVD risk factors including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia also increases with advancing age, contributing to the higher absolute CVD risk observed in the elderly. The present narrative review comments on the associations of dyslipidaemia with CVD as well as the effects of lifestyle measures and lipid-lowering drugs on lipids and CVD risk with a special focus on the elderly population. Individual treatment goals and therapeutic options according to current guidelines are also reviewed. Finally, we discuss special characteristics of the elderly that may influence the efficacy and safety of drug therapy and should be considered before selection of hypolipidaemic pharmacotherapy. Expert commentary: There may be a greater CVD benefit in older patients following drug therapy compared with younger ones. Treatment goals and therapeutic options should be individualized according to current guidelines. Specific characteristics that may influence the efficacy and safety of drug therapy in the elderly should be considered in relation to dyslipidaemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Katsiki
- a Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- b Cardiology Department and LDL-Apheresis Unit , Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center , Athens , Greece
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- c Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit , IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Spain
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- d Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL) , London , UK
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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with the presence and extension of atherosclerotic plaques in middle-aged asymptomatic adults: The Aragon Workers' Health Study. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:1372-1382.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Katsiki N, Purrello F, Tsioufis C, Mikhailidis DP. Cardiovascular disease prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:1243-1260. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1351946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niki Katsiki
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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Casado-Díaz A, Anter J, Müller S, Winter P, Quesada-Gómez JM, Dorado G. Transcriptomic analyses of the anti-adipogenic effects of oleuropein in human mesenchymal stem cells. Food Funct 2017; 8:1254-1270. [PMID: 28243663 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00045f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil has positive effects on health. Oleuropein is a polyphenolic compound present in olive-tree leaves, fruits (olives) and olive oil. It is responsible for the relevant organoleptic and biological properties of olive oil, including antiadipogenic properties. Thus, the effects of oleuropein on the adipogenesis of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells were studied by transcriptomics and differential gene-expression analyses. Oleuropein could upregulate expression of 60% of adipogenesis-repressed genes. Besides, it could activate signaling pathways such as Rho and β-catenin, maintaining cells at an undifferentiated stage. Our data suggest that mitochondrial activity is reduced by oleuropein, mostly during adipogenic differentiation. These results shed light on oleuropein activity on cells, with potential application as a "nutraceutical" for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as obesity and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain. and CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Spain
| | - Jaouad Anter
- Dep. Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales C5-1-O1, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sören Müller
- GenXPro, Altenhoferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt Main, Germany
| | - Peter Winter
- GenXPro, Altenhoferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt Main, Germany
| | - José Manuel Quesada-Gómez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain. and CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Spain
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain and CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Spain
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Ahmad Farooqi A, Fayyaz S, Silva AS, Sureda A, Nabavi SF, Mocan A, Nabavi SM, Bishayee A. Oleuropein and Cancer Chemoprevention: The Link is Hot. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050705. [PMID: 28468276 PMCID: PMC6154543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer comprises a collection of related diseases characterized by the existence of altered cellular pathways resulting in an abnormal tendency for uncontrolled growth. A broad spectrum, coordinated, and personalized approach focused on targeting diverse oncogenic pathways with low toxicity and economic natural compounds can provide a real benefit as a chemopreventive and/or treatment of this complex disease. Oleuropein, a bioactive phenolic compound mainly present in olive oil and other natural sources, has been reported to modulate several oncogenic signalling pathways. This review presents and critically discusses the available literature about the anticancer and onco-suppressive activity of oleuropein and the underlying molecular mechanisms implicated in the anticarcinogenic and therapeutic effects. The existence of limitations and the promising perspectives of research on this phenolic compound are also critically analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Sundas Fayyaz
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Center for Study in Animal Science, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress and CIBEROBN-Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- ICHAT and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
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Zukeran MS, Ribeiro SML. The Importance of Nutrition in a Conceptual Framework of Frailty Syndrome. Curr Nutr Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-017-0195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Filippatos TD, Panagiotakos DB, Georgousopoulou EN, Pitaraki E, Kouli GM, Chrysohoou C, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Pitsavos C. Mediterranean Diet and 10-year (2002-2012) Incidence of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Participants with Prediabetes: The ATTICA study. Rev Diabet Stud 2017; 13:226-235. [PMID: 28278309 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2016.13.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes has been related to an increased risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). AIM The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the Mediterranean diet on diabetes and CVD risk in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG, i.e. fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dl). METHODS During 2001-2002, 3042 men and women (>18y) were enrolled for the study. The participants showed no clinical evidence of CVD or any other chronic disease, and were living in the greater Athens (Greece) area. In 2011 and 2012, the 10-year follow-up examinations were performed, including a working sample of n = 1875 participants without diabetes at baseline. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet at baseline evaluation was assessed using the MedDietScore (range 0-55). RESULTS The prediabetic subjects (n = 343) had a significantly higher incidence of diabetes (25% vs. 10%, p < 0.001) and CVD (17.8% vs. 12.3%, p = 0.007) compared with subjects with normal glucose values. A significant trend towards lower diabetes and CVD incidence was observed with medium and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared with low adherence (p < 0.001). High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (>35/55 score) was associated with lower 10-year incidence of diabetes and CVD. In multiple logistic regression models, participants with high levels of adherence to the Mediterranean diet were significantly less affected by diabetes and CVD than those with low adherence levels. CONCLUSION High adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a low risk of developing diabetes and CVD in prediabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodosios D Filippatos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Pitaraki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia-Maria Kouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
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Toni M, Massimino ML, De Mario A, Angiulli E, Spisni E. Metal Dyshomeostasis and Their Pathological Role in Prion and Prion-Like Diseases: The Basis for a Nutritional Approach. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:3. [PMID: 28154522 PMCID: PMC5243831 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are key elements in organisms' life acting like cofactors of many enzymes but they can also be potentially dangerous for the cell participating in redox reactions that lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Any factor inducing or limiting a metal dyshomeostasis, ROS production and cell injury may contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases or play a neuroprotective action. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of human and other mammalian species. The causative agent of TSEs is believed to be the scrapie prion protein PrPSc, the β sheet-rich pathogenic isoform produced by the conformational conversion of the α-helix-rich physiological isoform PrPC. The peculiarity of PrPSc is its ability to self-propagate in exponential fashion in cells and its tendency to precipitate in insoluble and protease-resistance amyloid aggregates leading to neuronal cell death. The expression “prion-like diseases” refers to a group of neurodegenerative diseases that share some neuropathological features with prion diseases such as the involvement of proteins (α-synuclein, amyloid β, and tau) able to precipitate producing amyloid deposits following conformational change. High social impact diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's belong to prion-like diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the exposure to environmental metals is a risk factor for the development of prion and prion-like diseases and that metal ions can directly bind to prion and prion-like proteins affecting the amount of amyloid aggregates. The diet, source of metal ions but also of natural antioxidant and chelating agents such as polyphenols, is an aspect to take into account in addressing the issue of neurodegeneration. Epidemiological data suggest that the Mediterranean diet, based on the abundant consumption of fresh vegetables and on low intake of meat, could play a preventive or delaying role in prion and prion-like neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, metal role in the onset of prion and prion-like diseases is dealt with from a nutritional, cellular, and molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Toni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Massimino
- National Research Council (CNR), Neuroscience Institute c/o Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Angiulli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy
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Figueira I, Menezes R, Macedo D, Costa I, Nunes dos Santos C. Polyphenols Beyond Barriers: A Glimpse into the Brain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:562-594. [PMID: 27784225 PMCID: PMC5543676 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666161026151545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing can be simply defined as the process of becoming older, which is genetically determined but also environmentally modulated. With the continuous increase of life expectancy, quality of life during ageing has become one of the biggest challenges of developed countries. The quest for a healthy ageing has led to the extensive study of plant polyphenols with the aim to prevent age-associated deterioration and diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. The world of polyphenols has fascinated researchers over the past decades, and in vitro, cell-based, animal and human studies have attempted to unravel the mechanisms behind dietary polyphenols neuroprotection. METHODS In this review, we compiled some of the extensive and ever-growing research in the field, highlighting some of the most recent trends in the area. RESULTS The main findings regarding polypolyphenols neuroprotective potential performed using in vitro, cellular and animal studies, as well as human trials are covered in this review. Concepts like bioavailability, polyphenols biotransformation, transport of dietary polyphenols across barriers, including the blood-brain barrier, are here explored. CONCLUSION The diversity and holistic properties of polypolyphenol present them as an attractive alternative for the treatment of multifactorial diseases, where a multitude of cellular pathways are disrupted. The underlying mechanisms of polypolyphenols for nutrition or therapeutic applications must be further consolidated, however there is strong evidence of their beneficial impact on brain function during ageing. Nevertheless, only the tip of the iceberg of nutritional and pharmacological potential of dietary polyphenols is hitherto understood and further research needs to be done to fill the gaps in pursuing a healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Figueira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras
| | - Regina Menezes
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras
| | - Diana Macedo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras
| | - Inês Costa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras
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Dalle Grave R, Sartirana M, El Ghoch M, Calugi S. Personalized multistep cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2017; 10:195-206. [PMID: 28615960 PMCID: PMC5459969 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s139496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multistep cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity (CBT-OB) is a treatment that may be delivered at three levels of care (outpatient, day hospital, and residential). In a stepped-care approach, CBT-OB associates the traditional procedures of weight-loss lifestyle modification, ie, physical activity and dietary recommendations, with specific cognitive behavioral strategies that have been indicated by recent research to influence weight loss and maintenance by addressing specific cognitive processes. The treatment program as a whole is delivered in six modules. These are introduced according to the individual patient's needs in a flexible and personalized fashion. A recent randomized controlled trial has found that 88 patients suffering from morbid obesity treated with multistep residential CBT-OB achieved a mean weight loss of 15% after 12 months, with no tendency to regain weight between months 6 and 12. The treatment has also shown promising long-term results in the management of obesity associated with binge-eating disorder. If these encouraging findings are confirmed by the two ongoing outpatient studies (one delivered individually and one in a group setting), this will provide evidence-based support for the potential of multistep CBT-OB to provide a more effective alternative to standard weight-loss lifestyle-modification programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Dalle Grave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: Riccardo Dalle Grave, Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, 89 Via Montebaldo, Garda, Verona 37016, Italy, Tel +39 045 810 3915, Fax +39 045 810 2884, Email
| | | | - Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Calugi
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Verona, Italy
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Robberecht H, De Bruyne T, Hermans N. Effect of various diets on biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:627-641. [PMID: 28027691 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1269726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the normal whole diet in different countries and of special types of diet on the biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is reviewed. Diet type, specification, risk of MetS and studied biomarkers, as far as could be traced, are included. Critical points in published studies are mentioned. Description of the traditional dietary patterns for the various countries is not always well-defined and numbers of persons in the studied population are sometimes quite limited, which hamper drawing definite conclusions. Since a Nordic diet, a dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH), and especially a Mediterranean diet are quite promising, due to its health claims, the food pattern is studied more in detail and a large spectrum of vegetarian diets are included as well. Most of the time lipid profile and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are the studied biomarkers in response to diet intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Robberecht
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Tess De Bruyne
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Nina Hermans
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the multiple dimensions and benefits of the Mediterranean diet as a sustainable diet, in order to revitalize this intangible food heritage at the country level; and to develop a multidimensional framework - the Med Diet 4.0 - in which four sustainability benefits of the Mediterranean diet are presented in parallel: major health and nutrition benefits, low environmental impacts and richness in biodiversity, high sociocultural food values, and positive local economic returns. DESIGN A narrative review was applied at the country level to highlight the multiple sustainable benefits of the Mediterranean diet into a single multidimensional framework: the Med Diet 4.0. Setting/subjects We included studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals that contained data on the characterization of sustainable diets and of the Mediterranean diet. The methodological framework approach was finalized through a series of meetings, workshops and conferences where the framework was presented, discussed and ultimately refined. RESULTS The Med Diet 4.0 provides a conceptual multidimensional framework to characterize the Mediterranean diet as a sustainable diet model, by applying principles of sustainability to the Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS By providing a broader understanding of the many sustainable benefits of the Mediterranean diet, the Med Diet 4.0 can contribute to the revitalization of the Mediterranean diet by improving its current perception not only as a healthy diet but also a sustainable lifestyle model, with country-specific and culturally appropriate variations. It also takes into account the identity and diversity of food cultures and systems, expressed within the notion of the Mediterranean diet, across the Mediterranean region and in other parts of the world. Further multidisciplinary studies are needed for the assessment of the sustainability of the Mediterranean diet to include these new dimensions.
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Kelaiditi E, Jennings A, Steves CJ, Skinner J, Cassidy A, MacGregor AJ, Welch AA. Measurements of skeletal muscle mass and power are positively related to a Mediterranean dietary pattern in women. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:3251-3260. [PMID: 27417218 PMCID: PMC5409925 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The age-related loss of skeletal muscle and function are risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures. We found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet score was significantly associated with greater fat-free mass and leg explosive power suggesting a role for the Mediterranean Diet in prevention of loss of muscle outcomes. INTRODUCTION The loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function with age are contributing risk factors for the onset of sarcopenia, frailty, osteoporosis, fractures, and mortality. Nutrition may affect the progression and trajectory of these changes in skeletal muscle but the role of the micronutrient-rich Mediterranean diet (MD) has hardly been investigated in relation to these muscle outcomes. METHODS We examined associations between the MD score (MDS) and FFM% (fat-free mass / weight × 100), FFMI (fat-free mass/height2), hand grip strength, and leg explosive power (LEP, watts/kg) in a cross-sectional study in 2570 women aged 18-79 years from the TwinsUK study. Measurements of body composition were made using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and dietary intake assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. FFM%, FFMI, grip strength, and LEP were compared across quartiles of the MDS after adjustment for covariates, with CRP measured in a subgroup (n = 1658). RESULTS Higher adherence to the MDS was positively associated with measurements of muscle outcomes, with significant differences of 1.7 % for FFM% and 9.6 % for LEP (P trend <0.001), comparing extreme quartiles of intake, but not with grip strength or CRP concentrations. CONCLUSIONS For the first time in a northern European population, we have observed significant positive associations between the MDS and FFM% and LEP in healthy women that are potentially clinically relevant, independent of the factors known to influence muscle outcomes. Our findings emphasize the potential role for overall diet quality based on the MD in the prevention of age-related loss of skeletal muscle outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kelaiditi
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - A Jennings
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - C J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J Skinner
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - A Cassidy
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - A J MacGregor
- Department of Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - A A Welch
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Karmelić I, Lovrić J, Božina T, Merkler A, Božina N, Sertić J. Is there any association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome in a young population of Croatian origin? Ann Hum Biol 2016; 44:287-294. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1210675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Karmelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Lovrić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Božina
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Merkler
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Božina
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jadranka Sertić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Casas R, Sacanella E, Urpí-Sardà M, Corella D, Castañer O, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-González MA, Ros E, Estruch R. Long-Term Immunomodulatory Effects of a Mediterranean Diet in Adults at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2016; 146:1684-93. [PMID: 27440261 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.229476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has demonstrated short-term anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known about its long-term immunomodulatory properties. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to assess the long-term effects of the MedDiet on inflammatory markers related to atherogenesis in adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with the effects of a low-fat diet (LFD). METHODS We randomly assigned 165 high-risk participants (one-half men; mean age: 66 y) without overt CVD to 1 of 3 diets: a MedDiet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a MedDiet supplemented with nuts, or an LFD. Follow-up data were collected at 3 and 5 y. Repeated-measures ANOVA, adjusted for potential confounding variables, was used to evaluate changes in diet adherence, CVD risk factors, and inflammatory variables. RESULTS The 2 MedDiet groups achieved a high degree of adherence to the intervention, and the LFD group had reduced energy intake from fat by 13% by 5 y. Compared with baseline, at 3 and 5 y, both MedDiet groups had significant reductions of ≥16% in plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (P ≤ 0.04), whereas there were no significant changes in the LFD group. The reductions in CD49d and CD40 expressions in T lymphocytes and monocytes at 3 y were ≥16% greater in both MedDiet groups than were the changes in the LFD group (P < 0.001) at 3 y. Compared with baseline, at 3 y, the MedDiet groups had increased HDL-cholesterol (≥8%) and decreased blood pressure (>4%) and total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride (≥8%) concentrations. At 5 y, concentrations of glucose (13%) and glycated hemoglobin (8%) had increased with the LFD. CONCLUSIONS The MedDiet participants had lower cellular and plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers related to atherosclerosis at 3 and 5 y. This anti-inflammatory role of the MedDiet could explain in part the long-term cardioprotective effect of the MedDiet against CVD. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN35739639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Sacanella
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mireia Urpí-Sardà
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition and REGICOR research group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa-María Lamuela-Raventos
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Food Science School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel-Angel Martínez-González
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid, Spain
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Hardman RJ, Kennedy G, Macpherson H, Scholey AB, Pipingas A. Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Diet and Effects on Cognition in Adults: A Qualitative Evaluation and Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Prospective Trials. Front Nutr 2016; 3:22. [PMID: 27500135 PMCID: PMC4956662 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) involves substantial intake of fruits, vegetables, and fish, and a lower consumption of dairy, red meat, and sugars. Over the past 15 years, much empirical evidence supports the suggestion that a MedDiet may be beneficial with respect to reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and dementia. A number of cross-sectional studies that have examined the impact of MedDiet on cognition have yielded largely positive results. The objective of this review is to evaluate longitudinal and prospective trials to gain an understanding of how a MedDiet may impact cognitive processes over time. The included studies were aimed at improving cognition or minimizing of cognitive decline. Studies reviewed included assessments of dietary status using either a food frequency questionnaire or a food diary assessment. Eighteen articles meeting our inclusion criteria were subjected to systematic review. These revealed that higher adherence to a MedDiet is associated with slower rates of cognitive decline, reduced conversion to Alzheimer's disease, and improvements in cognitive function. The specific cognitive domains that were found to benefit with improved Mediterranean Diet Score were memory (delayed recognition, long-term, and working memory), executive function, and visual constructs. The current review has also considered a number of methodological issues in making recommendations for future research. The utilization of a dietary pattern, such as the MedDiet, will be essential as part of the armamentarium to maintain quality of life and reduce the potential social and economic burden of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy J. Hardman
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Greg Kennedy
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Macpherson
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Bjørnarå HB, Øverby NC, Stea TH, Torstveit MK, Hillesund ER, Andersen LF, Berntsen S, Bere E. The association between adherence to the New Nordic Diet and diet quality. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:31017. [PMID: 27257844 PMCID: PMC4891969 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported a positive association between scoring on healthy Nordic diet scales and the intake of healthy foods and nutrients, and also with higher intake of meat, sweets, cakes, and energy in general. These studies have used the same food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) responses for constructing the diet score as for calculating intakes of foods and nutrients. Thus, it is not clear whether the coexistence of healthy and less healthy dietary aspects among adherers to Nordic diets would occur even though separate methods were applied for exploring these relations. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between adherence to the New Nordic Diet (NND), derived from an FFQ, and diet quality, determined from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. DESIGN In total, 65 parents of toddlers in Southern Norway answered the NND FFQ and two 24-h dietary recall interviews. NND adherence was determined from the FFQ and categorized into low, medium, and high adherence. The two 24-h recalls provided data for the intake of specific foods and nutrients, selected on the basis of the Norwegian food-based guidelines as an indicator of a healthy diet. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for assessing differences in food and nutrient intake across NND groups. RESULTS High NND adherence derived from FFQ was associated with a high intake of fruits (p=0.004) and fiber (p=0.02), and a low intake of meat (p=0.004) and margarines (p=0.05), derived from recalls. A larger proportion of high NND adherers (68%) complied with the national dietary recommendation targeting meat intake compared with low NND adherers (29%) (p=0.04). CONCLUSION The present study showed that higher NND adherence measured with FFQ was associated with a higher intake of selected healthy foods and nutrients, measured with recalls. However, a higher intake of meat, sweets, and energy, as earlier reported, was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Birgit Bjørnarå
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway;
| | - Nina Cecilie Øverby
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Monica Klungland Torstveit
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Elisabet Rudjord Hillesund
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - Sveinung Berntsen
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Elling Bere
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Xia XJ, Gao YY, Zhang J, Wang L, Zhao S, Che YY, Ao CJ, Yang HJ, Wang JQ, Lei LC. Autophagy mediated by arginine depletion activation of the nutrient sensor GCN2 contributes to interferon-γ-induced malignant transformation of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:15065. [PMID: 27551491 PMCID: PMC4979444 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been linked to the regulation of both the prevention and progression of cancer. IFN-γ has been shown to induce autophagy in multiple cell lines in vitro. However, whether IFN-γ can induce autophagy and whether autophagy promotes malignant transformation in healthy lactating bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) remain unclear. Here, we provide the first evidence of the correlation between IFN-γ treatment, autophagy and malignant transformation and of the mechanism underlying IFN-γ-induced autophagy and subsequent malignant transformation in primary BMECs. IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in cattle that received normal long-term dietary corn straw (CS) roughage supplementation. In addition, an increase in autophagy was clearly observed in the BMECs from the mammary tissue of cows expressing high levels of IFN-γ. In vitro, autophagy was clearly induced in primary BMECs by IFN-γ within 24 h. This induced autophagy could subsequently promote dramatic primary BMEC transformation. Furthermore, we found that IFN-γ promoted arginine depletion, activated the general control nonderepressible-2 kinase (GCN2) signalling pathway and resulted in an increase in autophagic flux and the amount of autophagy in BMECs. Overall, our findings are the first to demonstrate that arginine depletion and kinase GCN2 expression mediate IFN-γ-induced autophagy that may promote malignant progression and that immunometabolism, autophagy and cancer are strongly correlated. These results suggest new directions and paths for preventing and treating breast cancer in relation to diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-J Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, PR China
| | - Y-Y Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University , Changchun, PR China
| | - J Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine , Changchun, PR China
| | - L Wang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang, PR China
| | - S Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University , Changchun, PR China
| | - Y-Y Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, PR China
| | - C-J Ao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University , Hohhot, PR China
| | - H-J Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
| | - J-Q Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science , Beijing, PR China
| | - L-C Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, PR China
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Huhn S, Kharabian Masouleh S, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Witte AV. Components of a Mediterranean diet and their impact on cognitive functions in aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:132. [PMID: 26217224 PMCID: PMC4495334 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhering to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is known to be beneficial with regard to many age-associated diseases including cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies also suggest an impact on cognition and brain structure, and increasing effort is made to track effects down to single nutrients. AIMS We aimed to review whether two MeDi components, i.e., long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (LC-n3-FA) derived from sea-fish, and plant polyphenols including resveratrol (RSV), exert positive effects on brain health in aging. CONTENT We summarized health benefits associated with the MeDi and evaluated available studies on the effect of (1) fish-consumption and LC-n3-FA supplementation as well as (2) diet-derived or supplementary polyphenols such as RSV, on cognitive performance and brain structure in animal models and human studies. Also, we discussed possible underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSION A majority of available studies suggest that consumption of LC-n3-FA with fish or fishoil-supplements exerts positive effects on brain health and cognition in older humans. However, more large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to draw definite recommendations. Considering polyphenols and RSV, only few controlled studies are available to date, yet the evidence based on animal research and first interventional human trials is promising and warrants further investigation. In addition, the concept of food synergy within the MeDi encourages future trials that evaluate the impact of comprehensive lifestyle patterns to help maintaining cognitive functions into old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Huhn
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany
| | | | - Michael Stumvoll
- Collaborative Research Centre 1052 ‘Obesity Mechanisms’, Subproject A1, Faculty of Medicine, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1052 ‘Obesity Mechanisms’, Subproject A1, Faculty of Medicine, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - A. Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1052 ‘Obesity Mechanisms’, Subproject A1, Faculty of Medicine, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
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Moral R, Escrich R, Solanas M, Vela E, Ruiz de Villa MC, Escrich E. Diets high in corn oil or extra-virgin olive oil differentially modify the gene expression profile of the mammary gland and influence experimental breast cancer susceptibility. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1397-409. [PMID: 26091908 PMCID: PMC4875377 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutritional factors, especially dietary lipids, may have a role in the etiology of breast cancer. We aimed to analyze the effects of high-fat diets on the susceptibility of the mammary gland to experimental malignant transformation. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a low-fat, high-corn-oil, or high-extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) diet from weaning or from induction. Animals were induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene at 53 days and euthanized at 36, 51, 100 and 246 days. Gene expression profiles of mammary glands were determined by microarrays. Further molecular analyses were performed by real-time PCR, TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. Carcinogenesis parameters were determined at 105 and 246 days. RESULTS High-corn-oil diet increased body weight and mass when administered from weaning. The EVOO diet did not modify these parameters and increased the hepatic expression of UCP2, suggesting a decrease in intake/expenditure balance. Both diets differentially modified the gene expression profile of the mammary gland, especially after short dietary intervention. Corn oil down-regulated the expression of genes related to immune system and apoptosis, whereas EVOO modified the expression of metabolism genes. Further analysis suggested an increase in proliferation and lower apoptosis in the mammary glands by effect of the high-corn-oil diet, which may be one of the mechanisms of its clear stimulating effect on carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The high-corn-oil diet strongly stimulates mammary tumorigenesis in association with modifications in the expression profile and an increased proliferation/apoptosis balance of the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Moral
- Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Escrich
- Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Solanas
- Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Vela
- Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eduard Escrich
- Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
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Karunaweera N, Raju R, Gyengesi E, Münch G. Plant polyphenols as inhibitors of NF-κB induced cytokine production-a potential anti-inflammatory treatment for Alzheimer's disease? Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:24. [PMID: 26136655 PMCID: PMC4468843 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niloo Karunaweera
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ritesh Raju
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Erika Gyengesi
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia ; National Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia ; Molecular Medicine Research Group, University of Western Sydney Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Patti AM, Al-Rasadi K, Katsiki N, Banerjee Y, Nikolic D, Vanella L, Giglio RV, Giannone VA, Montalto G, Rizzo M. Effect of a Natural Supplement Containing Curcuma Longa, Guggul, and Chlorogenic Acid in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome. Angiology 2015; 66:856-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319714568792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The impact of a natural supplement (Kepar; Rikrea, Italy), containing several plant extracts such as curcuma longa, silymarin, guggul, chlorogenic acid, and inulin, was evaluated in 78 patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS; 45 men; age: 62 ± 9 years). Kepar at a dose of 2 pills/d was given for 4 months as add-on therapy to the ongoing treatment, maintained at fixed doses for the entire study. Anthropometric variables, plasma lipids, glucose parameters, and oxidative stress were measured at baseline and after 4 months. We found significant reductions in body weight (from 81.1 ± 13.5 to 79.4 ± 12.5 kg, P < .0001), body mass index (from 29.6 [23.7] to 29.3 [21.9] kg/m2, P = .001), and waist circumference (from 105 ± 11 to 102 ± 10 cm, P = .0004) as well as in fasting glucose (from 6.5 [11.7] to 6.4 [7.6] mmol/L, P = .014) and total cholesterol (from 4.8 ± 1.4 to 4.5 ± 1.0 mmol/L, P = .03). No significant changes were found in the other appraised parameters, including oxidative stress. In conclusion, after few months of treatment Kepar seems to exert beneficial effects in patients with MetS. Larger studies with a longer follow-up period are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Maria Patti
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Ausilia Giannone
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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91
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Barbaro B, Toietta G, Maggio R, Arciello M, Tarocchi M, Galli A, Balsano C. Effects of the olive-derived polyphenol oleuropein on human health. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18508-24. [PMID: 25318054 PMCID: PMC4227229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of the products derived from the olive tree on human health dates back centuries. In several civilizations, the olive tree had and still has a very strong cultural and religious symbolism. Notably, the official seal and emblem of the World Health Organization features the rod of Asclepius over a world map surrounded by olive tree branches, chosen as a symbol of peace and health. Recently, accumulating experimental, clinical and epidemiological data have provided support to the traditional beliefs of the beneficial effect provided by olive derivates. In particular, the polyphenols present in olive leaves, olives, virgin (unrefined) olive oil and olive mill waste are potent antioxidant and radical scavengers with anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we review the positive impact on human health of oleuropein, the most prevalent polyphenol present in olives. In addition, we provide data collected in our laboratory on the role of oleuropein in counteracting lipid accumulation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Barbaro
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Francesco Balsano Foundation, Rome 00198, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome 00144, Italy.
| | - Roberta Maggio
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Francesco Balsano Foundation, Rome 00198, Italy.
| | - Mario Arciello
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Francesco Balsano Foundation, Rome 00198, Italy.
| | - Mirko Tarocchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy.
| | - Clara Balsano
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Medicine and Nanobiotechnologies (IBMN), National Research Council (CNR), Rome 00185, Italy.
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92
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Palmer DJ, Huang RC, Craig JM, Prescott SL. Nutritional influences on epigenetic programming: asthma, allergy, and obesity. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2014; 34:825-37. [PMID: 25282294 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies show consistent links between early-life nutritional exposures as important risk factors for the development of asthma, allergy, and obesity. Reliance on increasing use of dietary supplementation and fortification (eg, with folate) to compensate for increased consumption of processed foods is also influencing immune and metabolic outcomes. Epigenetics is providing substantial advances in understanding how early-life nutritional exposures can effect disease development. This article summarizes current evidence linking the influence of early-life nutritional exposures on epigenetic regulation with a focus on the disease outcomes of asthma, allergy, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra J Palmer
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia (M561), Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia; Members of 'In-FLAME' the International Inflammation Network, World Universities Network (WUN).
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Members of 'In-FLAME' the International Inflammation Network, World Universities Network (WUN); Telethon KIDS Institute, University of Western Australia, Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M Craig
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne and Early Life Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Susan L Prescott
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia (M561), Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia; Members of 'In-FLAME' the International Inflammation Network, World Universities Network (WUN); Telethon KIDS Institute, University of Western Australia, Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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93
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Cunningham E. I Have a Client Who Wants to Follow the Mediterranean Diet—Where Do I Start? J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:1312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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94
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Casas R, Sacanella E, Estruch R. The immune protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2014; 14:245-54. [PMID: 25244229 PMCID: PMC4443792 DOI: 10.2174/1871530314666140922153350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dietary patterns high in refined starches, sugar, and saturated and trans-fatty acids, poor in natural antioxidants and fiber from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and poor in omega-3 fatty acids may cause an activation of the innate immune system, most likely by excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with a reduced production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a nutritional model inspired by the traditional dietary pattern of some of the countries of the Mediterranean basin. This dietary pattern is characterized by the abundant consumption of olive oil, high consumption of plant foods (fruits, vegetables, pulses, cereals, nuts and seeds); frequent and moderate intake of wine (mainly with meals); moderate consumption of fish, seafood, yogurt, cheese, poultry and eggs; and low consumption of red meat, processed meat products and seeds. Several epidemiological studies have evaluated the effects of a Mediterranean pattern as protective against several diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation such as cancer, diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome and cognition disorders. The adoption of this dietary pattern could counter the effects of several inflammatory markers, decreasing, for example, the secretion of circulating and cellular biomarkers involved in the atherosclerotic process. Thus, the aim of this review was to consider the current evidence about the effectiveness of the MedDiet in these chronic inflammatory diseases due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may not only act on classical risk factors but also on inflammatory biomarkers such as adhesion molecules, cytokines or molecules related to the stability of atheromatic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
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