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Wang Z, Zuo F, Liu Q, Wu X, Du Q, Lei Y, Wu Z, Lin H. Comparative Study of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells in Hydrogel-Based Culture Systems. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:6942-6952. [PMID: 33748608 PMCID: PMC7970572 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived endothelial cells (ECs) are promising cell sources for drug discovery, tissue engineering, and studying or treating vascular diseases. However, hPSC-ECs derived from different culture methods display different phenotypes. Herein, we made a detailed comparative study of hPSC-ECs from three different culture systems (e.g., 2D, 3D PNIPAAm-PEG hydrogel, and 3D alginate hydrogel cultures) based on our previous reports. We expanded hPSCs and differentiated them into ECs in three culture systems. Both 3D hydrogel systems could mimic an in vivo physiologically relevant microenvironment to protect cells from shear force and prevent cell agglomeration, leading to a high culture efficiency and a high volumetric yield. We demonstrated that hPSC-ECs produced from both hydrogel systems had similar results as 2D-ECs. The transcriptome analysis showed that PEG-ECs and alginate-ECs displayed a functional phenotype due to their higher gene expressions in vasculature development, extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and glycolysis, while 2D-ECs showed a proliferative phenotype due to their higher gene expressions in cell proliferation. Taken together, both PEG- and alginate-hydrogel systems will significantly advance the applications of hPSC-ECs in various biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wang
- Department
of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fuxing Zuo
- Department
of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research
Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department
of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xuesheng Wu
- Department
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department
of Biological Systems Engineering, University
of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Zhangmin Wu
- Department
of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haishuang Lin
- Department
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Reid JC, Golubeva D, Boyd AL, Hollands CG, Henly C, Orlando L, Leber A, Hébert J, Morabito F, Cutrona G, Agnelli L, Gentile M, Ferrarini M, Neri A, Leber B, Bhatia M. Human pluripotent stem cells identify molecular targets of trisomy 12 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108845. [PMID: 33730576 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying precise targets of individual cancers remains challenging. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the most common adult hematologic malignancy, and trisomy 12 (tri12) represents a quarter of CLL patients. We report that tri12 human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) allow for the identification of gene networks and targets specific to tri12, which are controlled by comparative normal PSCs. Identified targets are upregulated in tri12 leukemic cells from a cohort of 159 patients with monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and CLL. tri12 signaling patterns significantly influence progression-free survival. Actionable targets are identified using high-content drug testing and functionally validated in an additional 44 CLL patient samples. Using xenograft models, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor is potent and selective against human tri12 CLL versus healthy patient-derived xenografts. Our study uses hPSCs to uncover targets from genetic aberrations and apply them to cancer. These findings provide immediate translational potential as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Reid
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Diana Golubeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Allison L Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Cameron G Hollands
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Charisa Henly
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Luca Orlando
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Leber
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Josée Hébert
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Biotechnology Research Unit, AO of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy; Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Augusta Victoria Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Onco-Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Pathobiology Unit 2, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Biotechnology Research Unit, AO of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Manlio Ferrarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Onco-Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Brian Leber
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Juravinski Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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53
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Song T, Chen M, Wang X, Zhu E, Xue Y, Wang J, Sun B, Feng J. Intermittent hypoxia: Friend or foe on endothelial repair in mouse model. Exp Lung Res 2021; 47:211-225. [PMID: 33678107 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2021.1891355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the study: Obstructive sleep apnea, which is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), is a common respiratory disease. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between hypoxia and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function, and explain the role of IH in endothelial repair.Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from a mouse model of IH. The number of CD133+ kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)+, CD133+CD34+, CD34+KDR+ and ALDHlowCD34+KDR+ EPCs was determined by flow cytometry. HIF-1α, stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) α and VEGF were measured by ELISA. The proliferative ability of PBMCs was determined. EPC migration was assessed by Transwell assay and surface proteins by western blot analysis. EPCs were co-cultured with mouse brain endothelial cells and their angiogenic ability was analyzed.Results: The number of CD133+KDR+, CD133+CD34+ and CD34+KDR+ EPCs increased with IH ingravescence. The number of ALDHlowCD34+KDR+ EPCs with mild IH stimulation was higher and gradually decreased in the moderate and severe IH groups. The release of HIF-1α, SDF-1α and VEGF in the serum increased with the increase in the degree of IH. In the mild IH treatment, the migration and angiogenesis of EPCs, as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and cysteine-X-cysteine receptor 4, were higher than those in the control group, but progressively decreased in the groups with moderate and severe IH.Conclusion: Increased levels of IH accelerated the increase in vasoactive factors in peripheral blood, thereby mobilizing a large number of EPCs. Increasing of IH diminished the mobilization, chemotactic and angiogenetic ability of EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Intensive Care Unit of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchao Xue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Toxicology & Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Lange L, Morgan M, Schambach A. The hemogenic endothelium: a critical source for the generation of PSC-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4143-4160. [PMID: 33559689 PMCID: PMC8164610 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In vitro generation of hematopoietic cells and especially hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are subject to intensive research in recent decades, as these cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine and autologous cell replacement therapies. Despite many attempts, in vitro, de novo generation of bona fide HSCs remains challenging, and we are still far away from their clinical use, due to insufficient functionality and quantity of the produced HSCs. The challenges of generating PSC-derived HSCs are already apparent in early stages of hemato-endothelial specification with the limitation of recapitulating complex, dynamic processes of embryonic hematopoietic ontogeny in vitro. Further, these current shortcomings imply the incompleteness of our understanding of human ontogenetic processes from embryonic mesoderm over an intermediate, specialized hemogenic endothelium (HE) to their immediate progeny, the HSCs. In this review, we examine the recent investigations of hemato-endothelial ontogeny and recently reported progress for the conversion of PSCs and other promising somatic cell types towards HSCs with the focus on the crucial and inevitable role of the HE to achieve the long-standing goal—to generate therapeutically applicable PSC-derived HSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lange
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Abstract
Reprogramming differentiated cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) consists in dedifferentiation of the cells into the pluripotent state, i.e., stem cells. Since T cells play a pivotal role in our immune system, T cell reprogramming into iPSCs and subsequent redifferentiation of iPSCs toward the original cells hold a great promise for future cell therapy and for further exploring the biology of such T cells. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an innate-like T cells linking innate immunity to adaptive immunity, and believed to be implicated in host protection to infection, in inflammation, and in immune homeostasis, which makes them an attractive target for the clinical intervention. In this chapter, we will outline the protocol for reprogramming MAIT cells to pluripotency with Sendai virus vector and redifferentiation. This technique will allow expansion of MAIT cells for cell therapy against the intractable infectious diseases such as HIV/Tuberculosis or cancer.
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56
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CD34 + Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Subsets Exhibit Differential Ability To Maintain Human Cytomegalovirus Latency and Persistence. J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.02105-20. [PMID: 33177198 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02105-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-seropositive patients, CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) provide an important source of latent virus that reactivates following cellular differentiation into tissue macrophages. Multiple groups have used primary CD34+ HPCs to investigate mechanisms of viral latency. However, analyses of mechanisms of HCMV latency have been hampered by the genetic variability of CD34+ HPCs from different donors, availability of cells, and low frequency of reactivation. In addition, multiple progenitor cell types express surface CD34, and the frequencies of these populations differ depending on the tissue source of the cells and culture conditions in vitro In this study, we generated CD34+ progenitor cells from two different embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines, WA01 and WA09, to circumvent limitations associated with primary CD34+ HPCs. HCMV infection of CD34+ HPCs derived from either WA01 or WA09 ESCs supported HCMV latency and induced myelosuppression similar to infection of primary CD34+ HPCs. Analysis of HCMV-infected primary or ESC-derived CD34+ HPC subpopulations indicated that HCMV was able to establish latency and reactivate in CD38+ CD90+ and CD38+/low CD90- HPCs but persistently infected CD38- CD90+ cells to produce infectious virus. These results indicate that ESC-derived CD34+ HPCs can be used as a model for HCMV latency and that the virus either latently or persistently infects specific subpopulations of CD34+ cells.IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus infection is associated with severe disease in transplant patients and understanding how latency and reactivation occur in stem cell populations is essential to understand disease. CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are a critical viral reservoir; however, these cells are a heterogeneous pool with donor-to-donor variation in functional, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics. We generated a novel system using embryonic stem cell lines to model HCMV latency and reactivation in HPCs with a consistent cellular background. Our study defined three key stem cell subsets with differentially regulated latent and replicative states, which provide cellular candidates for isolation and treatment of transplant-mediated disease. This work provides a direction toward developing strategies to control the switch between latency and reactivation.
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57
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Chowdhury S, Ghosh S. Sources, Isolation and culture of stem cells? Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-1638-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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58
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Dubois F, Gaignerie A, Flippe L, Heslan JM, Tesson L, Chesneau M, Haspot F, Conchon S, David L, Brouard S. Toward a better definition of hematopoietic progenitors suitable for B cell differentiation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243769. [PMID: 33320872 PMCID: PMC7737978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of inducing human pluripotent stem cells (hIPSC) offers new opportunities for cell-based therapy. Since B cells exert roles as effector and as regulator of immune responses in different clinical settings, we were interested in generating B cells from hIPSC. We differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and hIPSC into B cells onto OP9 and MS-5 stromal cells successively. We overcame issues in generating CD34+CD43+ hematopoietic progenitors with appropriate cytokine conditions and emphasized the difficulties to generate proper hematopoietic progenitors. We highlight CD31intCD45int phenotype as a possible marker of hematopoietic progenitors suitable for B cell differentiation. Defining precisely proper lymphoid progenitors will improve the study of their lineage commitment and the signals needed during the in vitro process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dubois
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Gaignerie
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Mélanie Chesneau
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Haspot
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
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59
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Chang Y, Bao X. Adoptive natural killer cell therapy: a human pluripotent stem cell perspective. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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60
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Netsrithong R, Suwanpitak S, Boonkaew B, Trakarnsanga K, Chang LJ, Tipgomut C, Vatanashevanopakorn C, Pattanapanyasat K, Wattanapanitch M. Multilineage differentiation potential of hematoendothelial progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:481. [PMID: 33176890 PMCID: PMC7659123 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a renewable source of cells for the generation of hematopoietic cells for cell-based therapy, disease modeling, and drug screening. However, current serum/feeder-free differentiation protocols rely on the use of various cytokines, which makes the process very costly or the generation of embryoid bodies (EBs), which are labor-intensive and can cause heterogeneity during differentiation. Here, we report a simple feeder and serum-free monolayer protocol for efficient generation of iPSC-derived multipotent hematoendothelial progenitors (HEPs), which can further differentiate into endothelial and hematopoietic cells including erythroid and T lineages. METHODS Formation of HEPs from iPSCs was initiated by inhibition of GSK3 signaling for 2 days followed by the addition of VEGF and FGF2 for 3 days. The HEPs were further induced toward mature endothelial cells (ECs) in an angiogenic condition and toward T cells by co-culturing with OP9-DL1 feeder cells. Endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) of the HEPs was further promoted by supplementation with the TGF-β signaling inhibitor. Erythroid differentiation was performed by culturing the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in a three-stage erythroid liquid culture system. RESULTS Our protocol significantly enhanced the number of KDR+ CD34+ CD31+ HEPs on day 5 of differentiation. Further culture of HEPs in angiogenic conditions promoted the formation of mature ECs, which expressed CD34, CD31, CD144, vWF, and ICAM-1, and could exhibit the formation of vascular-like network and acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL) uptake. In addition, the HEPs were differentiated into CD8+ T lymphocytes, which could be expanded up to 34-fold upon TCR stimulation. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling at the HEP stage promoted EHT and yielded a large number of HSPCs expressing CD34 and CD43. Upon erythroid differentiation, these HSPCs were expanded up to 40-fold and displayed morphological changes following stages of erythroid development. CONCLUSION This protocol offers an efficient and simple approach for the generation of multipotent HEPs and could be adapted to generate desired blood cells in large numbers for applications in basic research including developmental study, disease modeling, and drug screening as well as in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchapong Netsrithong
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siriwal Suwanpitak
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Bootsakorn Boonkaew
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kongtana Trakarnsanga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lung-Ji Chang
- Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chartsiam Tipgomut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chinnavuth Vatanashevanopakorn
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Methichit Wattanapanitch
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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61
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Donada A, Basso-Valentina F, Arkoun B, Monte-Mor B, Plo I, Raslova H. Induced pluripotent stem cells and hematological malignancies: A powerful tool for disease modeling and drug development. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102060. [PMID: 33142254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The derivation of human pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines by in vitro reprogramming of somatic cells revolutionized research: iPSCs have been used for disease modeling, drug screening and regenerative medicine for many disorders, especially when combined with cutting-edge genome editing technologies. In hematology, malignant transformation is often a multi-step process, that starts with either germline or acquired genetic alteration, followed by progressive acquisition of mutations combined with the selection of one or more pre-existing clones. iPSCs are an excellent model to study the cooperation between different genetic alterations and to test relevant therapeutic drugs. In this review, we will describe the use of iPSCs for pathophysiological studies and drug testing in inherited and acquired hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Donada
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - F Basso-Valentina
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Arkoun
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Monte-Mor
- Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I Plo
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - H Raslova
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.
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62
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Al-Amoodi AS, Sakashita K, Ali AJ, Zhou R, Lee JM, Tehseen M, Li M, Belmonte JCI, Kusakabe T, Merzaban JS. Using Eukaryotic Expression Systems to Generate Human α1,3-Fucosyltransferases That Effectively Create Selectin-Binding Glycans on Stem Cells. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3757-3771. [PMID: 32901486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recruitment of circulating cells toward target sites is primarily dependent on selectin/ligand adhesive interactions. Glycosyltransferases are involved in the creation of selectin ligands on proteins and lipids. α1,3-Fucosylation is imperative for the creation of selectin ligands, and a number of fucosyltransferases (FTs) can modify terminal lactosamines on cells to create these ligands. One FT, fucosyltransferase VI (FTVI), adds a fucose in an α1,3 configuration to N-acetylglucosamine to generate sialyl Lewis X (sLex) epitopes on proteins of live cells and enhances their ability to bind E-selectin. Although a number of recombinant human FTVIs have been purified, apart from limited commercial enzymes, they were not characterized for their activity on live cells. Here we focused on establishing a robust method for producing FTVI that is active on living cells (hematopoietic cells and mesenchymal stromal cells). To this end, we used two expression systems, Bombyx mori (silkworm) and Pichia pastoris (yeast), to produce significant amounts of N-terminally tagged FTVI and demonstrated that these enzymes have superior activity when compared to currently available commercial enzymes that are produced from various expression systems. Overall, we outline a scheme for obtaining large amounts of highly active FTVI that can be used for the application of FTVI in enhancing the engraftment of cells lacking the sLex epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma S Al-Amoodi
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Signaling, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kosuke Sakashita
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Signaling, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal J Ali
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Signaling, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruoyu Zhou
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Muhammad Tehseen
- Laboratory of DNA Replication and Recombination, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mo Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juan Carlos I Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jasmeen S Merzaban
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Signaling, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955, Saudi Arabia
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63
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Stavish D, Böiers C, Price C, Frith TJR, Halliwell J, Saldaña-Guerrero I, Wray J, Brown J, Carr J, James C, Barbaric I, Andrews PW, Enver T. Generation and trapping of a mesoderm biased state of human pluripotency. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4989. [PMID: 33020476 PMCID: PMC7536399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We postulate that exit from pluripotency involves intermediates that retain pluripotency while simultaneously exhibiting lineage-bias. Using a MIXL1 reporter, we explore mesoderm lineage-bias within the human pluripotent stem cell compartment. We identify a substate, which at the single cell level coexpresses pluripotent and mesodermal gene expression programmes. Functionally these cells initiate stem cell cultures and exhibit mesodermal bias in differentiation assays. By promoting mesodermal identity through manipulation of WNT signalling while preventing exit from pluripotency using lysophosphatidic acid, we 'trap' and maintain cells in a lineage-biased stem cell state through multiple passages. These cells correspond to a normal state on the differentiation trajectory, the plasticity of which is evidenced by their reacquisition of an unbiased state upon removal of differentiation cues. The use of 'cross-antagonistic' signalling to trap pluripotent stem cell intermediates with different lineage-bias may have general applicability in the efficient production of cells for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Stavish
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Charlotta Böiers
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
| | - Christopher Price
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Thomas J R Frith
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jason Halliwell
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Ingrid Saldaña-Guerrero
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jason Wray
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
| | - John Brown
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
| | - Jonathon Carr
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Chela James
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
| | - Ivana Barbaric
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Peter W Andrews
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Tariq Enver
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
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Wang H, Wang M, Wen Y, Xu C, Chen X, Wu D, Su P, Zhou W, Cheng T, Shi L, Zhou J. Biphasic Regulation of Mesenchymal Genes Controls Fate Switches During Hematopoietic Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001019. [PMID: 33101849 PMCID: PMC7578858 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or its reverse process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) occurs in multiple physiological and pathological processes. However, whether an entire EMT-MET process exists and the potential function during human hematopoiesis remain largely elusive. Utilizing human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based systems, it is discovered that while EMT occurs at the onset of human hematopoietic differentiation, MET is not detected subsequently during differentiation. Instead, a biphasic activation of mesenchymal genes during hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs is observed. The expression of mesenchymal genes is upregulated during the fate switch from pluripotency to the mesoderm, sustained at the hemogenic endothelium (HE) stage, and attenuated during hemogenic endothelial cell (HEP) differentiation to hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). A similar expression pattern of mesenchymal genes is also observed during human and murine hematopoietic development in vivo. Wnt signaling and its downstream gene SNAI1 mediate the up-regulation of mesenchymal genes and initiation of mesoderm induction from pluripotency. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and downregulation of HAND1, a downstream gene of TGF-β, are required for the downregulation of mesenchymal genes and the capacity of HEPs to generate HPCs. These results suggest that the biphasic regulation of mesenchymal genes is an essential mechanism during human hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Changlu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Wen Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science and Cancer Research InstituteCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell MedicinePUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin300020China
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65
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An Overview of Different Strategies to Recreate the Physiological Environment in Experimental Erythropoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155263. [PMID: 32722249 PMCID: PMC7432157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human erythropoiesis is a complex process leading to the production of mature, enucleated erythrocytes (RBCs). It occurs mainly at bone marrow (BM), where hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are engaged in the early erythroid differentiation to commit into erythroid progenitor cells (burst-forming unit erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming unit erythroid (CFU-E)). Then, during the terminal differentiation, several erythropoietin-induced signaling pathways trigger the differentiation of CFU-E on successive stages from pro-erythroblast to reticulocytes. The latter are released into the circulation, finalizing their maturation into functional RBCs. This process is finely regulated by the physiological environment including the erythroblast-macrophage interaction in the erythroblastic island (EBI). Several human diseases have been associated with ineffective erythropoiesis, either by a defective or an excessive production of RBCs, as well as an increase or a hemoglobinization defect. Fully understanding the production of mature red blood cells is crucial for the comprehension of erythroid pathologies as well as to the field of transfusion. Many experimental approaches have been carried out to achieve a complete differentiation in vitro to produce functional biconcave mature RBCs. However, the various protocols usually fail to achieve enough quantities of completely mature RBCs. In this review, we focus on the evolution of erythropoiesis studies over the years, taking special interest in efforts that were made to include the microenvironment and erythroblastic islands paradigm. These more physiological approaches will contribute to a deeper comprehension of erythropoiesis, improve the treatment of dyserythropoietic disorders, and break through the barriers in massive RBCs production for transfusion.
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66
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Kumar A, D'Souza SS, Uenishi G, Park MA, Lee JH, Slukvin II. Generation of T cells from Human and Nonhuman Primate Pluripotent Stem Cells. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3675. [PMID: 33659345 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to provide homogeneous cell populations of T cells that can be grown at a clinical scale and genetically engineered to meet specific clinical needs. OP9-DLL4, a stromal line ectopically expressing the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (DLL4) is used to support differentiation of PSCs to T-lymphocytes. This article outlines several protocols related to generation of T cells from human and non-human primate (NHP) PSCs, including initial hematopoietic differentiation of PSC on OP9 feeders or defined conditions, followed by coculture of the OP9-DLL4 cells with the PSC-derived hematopoietic progenitors (HPs), leading to efficient differentiation to T lymphocytes. In addition, we describe a protocol for robust T cell generation from hPSCs conditionally expressing ETS1. The presented protocols provide a platform for T cell production for disease modeling and evaluating their use for immunotherapy in large animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Saritha S D'Souza
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Gene Uenishi
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jeong Hee Lee
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Igor I Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53707, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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67
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Nakayama N, Pothiawala A, Lee JY, Matthias N, Umeda K, Ang BK, Huard J, Huang Y, Sun D. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived chondroprogenitors for cartilage tissue engineering. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2543-2563. [PMID: 31915836 PMCID: PMC11104892 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cartilage of joints, such as meniscus and articular cartilage, is normally long lasting (i.e., permanent). However, once damaged, especially in large animals and humans, joint cartilage is not spontaneously repaired. Compensating the lack of repair activity by supplying cartilage-(re)forming cells, such as chondrocytes or mesenchymal stromal cells, or by transplanting a piece of normal cartilage, has been the basis of therapy for biological restoration of damaged joint cartilage. Unfortunately, current biological therapies face problems on a number of fronts. The joint cartilage is generated de novo from a specialized cell type, termed a 'joint progenitor' or 'interzone cell' during embryogenesis. Therefore, embryonic chondroprogenitors that mimic the property of joint progenitors might be the best type of cell for regenerating joint cartilage in the adult. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are expected to differentiate in culture into any somatic cell type through processes that mimic embryogenesis, making human (h)PSCs a promising source of embryonic chondroprogenitors. The major research goals toward the clinical application of PSCs in joint cartilage regeneration are to (1) efficiently generate lineage-specific chondroprogenitors from hPSCs, (2) expand the chondroprogenitors to the number needed for therapy without loss of their chondrogenic activity, and (3) direct the in vivo or in vitro differentiation of the chondroprogenitors to articular or meniscal (i.e., permanent) chondrocytes rather than growth plate (i.e., transient) chondrocytes. This review is aimed at providing the current state of research toward meeting these goals. We also include our recent achievement of successful generation of "permanent-like" cartilage from long-term expandable, hPSC-derived ectomesenchymal chondroprogenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nakayama
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Azim Pothiawala
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - John Y Lee
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nadine Matthias
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Bryan K Ang
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 1825 Pressler St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Weil Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deqiang Sun
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
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68
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Han X, Zhou Z, Fei L, Sun H, Wang R, Chen Y, Chen H, Wang J, Tang H, Ge W, Zhou Y, Ye F, Jiang M, Wu J, Xiao Y, Jia X, Zhang T, Ma X, Zhang Q, Bai X, Lai S, Yu C, Zhu L, Lin R, Gao Y, Wang M, Wu Y, Zhang J, Zhan R, Zhu S, Hu H, Wang C, Chen M, Huang H, Liang T, Chen J, Wang W, Zhang D, Guo G. Construction of a human cell landscape at single-cell level. Nature 2020; 581:303-309. [PMID: 32214235 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 534] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell analysis is a valuable tool for dissecting cellular heterogeneity in complex systems1. However, a comprehensive single-cell atlas has not been achieved for humans. Here we use single-cell mRNA sequencing to determine the cell-type composition of all major human organs and construct a scheme for the human cell landscape (HCL). We have uncovered a single-cell hierarchy for many tissues that have not been well characterized. We established a 'single-cell HCL analysis' pipeline that helps to define human cell identity. Finally, we performed a single-cell comparative analysis of landscapes from human and mouse to identify conserved genetic networks. We found that stem and progenitor cells exhibit strong transcriptomic stochasticity, whereas differentiated cells are more distinct. Our results provide a useful resource for the study of human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Han
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ziming Zhou
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijiang Fei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiyu Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renying Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haide Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanna Tang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yincong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junqing Wu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Jia
- Center for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingyue Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujing Lai
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengxuan Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Hangzhou Repugene Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchi Gao
- Annoroad Gene Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Veritas Genetics Asia, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Wu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renya Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Saiyong Zhu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailan Hu
- Center for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changchun Wang
- Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoji Guo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Themeli M, Chhatta A, Boersma H, Prins HJ, Cordes M, de Wilt E, Farahani AS, Vandekerckhove B, van der Burg M, Hoeben RC, Staal FJT, Mikkers HMM. iPSC-Based Modeling of RAG2 Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Reveals Multiple T Cell Developmental Arrests. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:300-311. [PMID: 31956083 PMCID: PMC7013232 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RAG2 severe combined immune deficiency (RAG2-SCID) is a lethal disorder caused by the absence of functional T and B cells due to a differentiation block. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a RAG2-SCID patient to study the nature of the T cell developmental blockade. We observed a strongly reduced capacity to differentiate at every investigated stage of T cell development, from early CD7−CD5− to CD4+CD8+. The impaired differentiation was accompanied by an increase in CD7−CD56+CD33+ natural killer (NK) cell-like cells. T cell receptor D rearrangements were completely absent in RAG2SCID cells, whereas the rare T cell receptor B rearrangements were likely the result of illegitimate rearrangements. Repair of RAG2 restored the capacity to induce T cell receptor rearrangements, normalized T cell development, and corrected the NK cell-like phenotype. In conclusion, we succeeded in generating an iPSC-based RAG2-SCID model, which enabled the identification of previously unrecognized disorder-related T cell developmental roadblocks. RAG2-SCID cells show impaired differentiation at several stages of T cell development RAG2-SCID T and NK cells fail to undergo legitimate RAG-driven TCR rearrangements RAG2-SCID cells exhibit a skewed differentiation toward NK cell-like cells RAG2-SCID phenotype is rescued by gene correction
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Themeli
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Amiet Chhatta
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Boersma
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Jan Prins
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Cordes
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin de Wilt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Aïda Shahrabi Farahani
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GE, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J T Staal
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Harald M M Mikkers
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands; LUMC hiPSC Hotel, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands.
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70
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Brault J, Vigne B, Stasia MJ. Ex Vivo Models of Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 1982:587-622. [PMID: 31172497 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9424-3_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can be established from dedifferentiation of all somatic cell types by epigenetic phenomena. iPSCs can be differentiated into any mature cells like neurons, hepatocytes, or pancreatic cells that have not been easily available to date. Thus, iPSCs are widely used for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy development. Here, we describe a protocol to obtain human mature and functional neutrophils and macrophages as ex vivo models of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD). This method can be applied to model the other genetic forms of CGD. We also describe methods for testing the characteristics and functions of neutrophils and macrophages by morphology, phagocytosis assay, release of granule markers or cytokines, cell surface markers, and NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Brault
- Centre Diagnostic et Recherche CGD (CDiReC), Pôle Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Bénédicte Vigne
- Centre Diagnostic et Recherche CGD (CDiReC), Pôle Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie José Stasia
- Centre Diagnostic et Recherche CGD (CDiReC), Pôle Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. .,Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France.
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71
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Brault J, Vigne B, Meunier M, Beaumel S, Mollin M, Park S, Stasia MJ. NOX4 is the main NADPH oxidase involved in the early stages of hematopoietic differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:107-118. [PMID: 31626946 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are involved in the balance between quiescence, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation processes. However the role of NOX enzymes on the early stages of hematopoietic differentiation is poorly investigated. For that, we used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease (X0CGD) patients with deficiency in NOX2, and AR220CGD patients with deficiency in p22phox subunit which decreases NOX1, NOX2, NOX3 and NOX4 activities. CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors were obtained after 7, 10 and 13 days of iPS/OP9 co-culture differentiation system. Neither NOX expression nor activity was found in Wild-type (WT), X0CGD and AR220CGD iPSCs. Although NOX2 and NOX4 mRNA were found in WT, X0CGD and AR220CGD iPSC-derived CD34+ cells at day 10 and 13 of differentiation, NOX4 protein was the only NOX enzyme expressed in these cells. A NADPH oxidase activity was measured in WT and X0CGD iPSC-derived CD34+ cells but not in AR220CGD iPSC-derived CD34+ cells because of the absence of p22phox, which is essential for the NOX4 activity. The absence of NOX4 activity and the poor NOX-independent ROS production in AR220CGD iPSC-derived CD34+ cells favored the CD34+ cells production but lowered their hematopoietic potential compared to WT and X0CGD iPSC-derived CD34+ cells. In addition we found a large production of primitive AR220CGD iPSC-derived progenitors at day 7 compared to the WT and X0CGD cell types. In conclusion NOX4 is the major NOX enzyme involved in the early stages of hematopoietic differentiation from iPSCs and its activity can modulate the production, the hematopoietic potential and the phenotype of iPSC-derived CD34+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Brault
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CGD Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Grenoble, France.
| | - Bénédicte Vigne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CGD Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Grenoble, France.
| | - Mathieu Meunier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, University Clinic of Hematology, Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM, U1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Bioscience, 38700, Grenoble, France.
| | - Sylvain Beaumel
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CGD Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Grenoble, France.
| | - Michelle Mollin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CGD Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Grenoble, France.
| | - Sophie Park
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, University Clinic of Hematology, Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM, U1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Bioscience, 38700, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marie José Stasia
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CGD Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France, Grenoble, France.
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72
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Current Advances in Red Blood Cell Generation Using Stem Cells from Diverse Sources. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9281329. [PMID: 31467565 PMCID: PMC6701316 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9281329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood transfusions hold an indispensable part in the modern healthcare system. Up to date, the blood supply is largely dependent on donations. Unfortunately, collecting the clinical-grade blood products has become a challenging mission due to accelerated population aging, which not only increases the need for blood transfusions but also decreases the number of healthy donors. Moreover, individuals with severe hematological abnormalities or rare blood phenotypes need alternative therapeutic approaches instead of conventional blood transfusion. In these aspects, the concept of in vitro/ex vivo production of blood cells has been emerging and many attempts have been focused on manufacturing mature erythrocytes, so-called red blood cells (RBCs), the most common and important component among the blood derivatives. In this review, we provide a general overview regarding the current strategies for generating RBCs from various stem cell sources including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) as well as circulating blood stem cells and the remaining challenges that must be overcome prior to their practical application.
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73
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Arora S, Yim EKF, Toh YC. Environmental Specification of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Endothelial Cells Toward Arterial and Venous Subtypes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:143. [PMID: 31259171 PMCID: PMC6587665 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are required for a multitude of cardiovascular clinical applications, such as revascularization of ischemic tissues or endothelialization of tissue engineered grafts. Patient derived primary ECs are limited in number, have donor variabilities and their in vitro phenotypes and functions can deteriorate over time. This necessitates the exploration of alternative EC sources. Although there has been a recent surge in the use of pluripotent stem cell derived endothelial cells (PSC-ECs) for various cardiovascular clinical applications, current differentiation protocols yield a heterogeneous EC population, where their specification into arterial or venous subtypes is undefined. Since arterial and venous ECs are phenotypically and functionally different, inappropriate matching of exogenous ECs to host sites can potentially affect clinical efficacy, as exemplified by venous graft mismatch when placed into an arterial environment. Therefore, there is a need to design and employ environmental cues that can effectively modulate PSC-ECs into a more homogeneous arterial or venous phenotype for better adaptation to the host environment, which will in turn contribute to better application efficacy. In this review, we will first give an overview of the developmental and functional differences between arterial and venous ECs. This provides the foundation for our subsequent discussion on the different bioengineering strategies that have been investigated to varying extent in providing biochemical and biophysical environmental cues to mature PSC-ECs into arterial or venous subtypes. The ability to efficiently leverage on a combination of biochemical and biophysical environmental cues to modulate intrinsic arterio-venous specification programs in ECs will greatly facilitate future translational applications of PSC-ECs. Since the development and maintenance of arterial and venous ECs in vivo occur in disparate physio-chemical microenvironments, it is conceivable that the application of these environmental factors in customized combinations or magnitudes can be used to selectively mature PSC-ECs into an arterial or venous subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seep Arora
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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74
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Bueno C, Calero-Nieto FJ, Wang X, Valdés-Mas R, Gutiérrez-Agüera F, Roca-Ho H, Ayllon V, Real PJ, Arambilet D, Espinosa L, Torres-Ruiz R, Agraz-Doblas A, Varela I, de Boer J, Bigas A, Gottgens B, Marschalek R, Menendez P. Enhanced hemato-endothelial specification during human embryonic differentiation through developmental cooperation between AF4-MLL and MLL-AF4 fusions. Haematologica 2019; 104:1189-1201. [PMID: 30679325 PMCID: PMC6545840 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.202044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The t(4;11)(q21;q23) translocation is associated with high-risk infant pro-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and arises prenatally during embryonic/fetal hematopoiesis. The developmental/pathogenic contribution of the t(4;11)-resulting MLL-AF4 (MA4) and AF4-MLL (A4M) fusions remains unclear; MA4 is always expressed in patients with t(4;11)+ B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but the reciprocal fusion A4M is expressed in only half of the patients. Because prenatal leukemogenesis manifests as impaired early hematopoietic differentiation, we took advantage of well-established human embryonic stem cell-based hematopoietic differentiation models to study whether the A4M fusion cooperates with MA4 during early human hematopoietic development. Co-expression of A4M and MA4 strongly promoted the emergence of hemato-endothelial precursors, both endothelial- and hemogenic-primed. Double fusion-expressing hemato-endothelial precursors specified into significantly higher numbers of both hematopoietic and endothelial-committed cells, irrespective of the differentiation protocol used and without hijacking survival/proliferation. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes and differentially enriched H3K79me3 genomic regions by RNA-sequencing and H3K79me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing, respectively, confirmed a hematopoietic/endothelial cell differentiation signature in double fusion-expressing hemato-endothelial precursors. Importantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing analysis revealed a significant enrichment of H3K79 methylated regions specifically associated with HOX-A cluster genes in double fusion-expressing differentiating hematopoietic cells. Overall, these results establish a functional and molecular cooperation between MA4 and A4M fusions during human hematopoietic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Hematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Francisco Gutiérrez-Agüera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heleia Roca-Ho
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Ayllon
- GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government and University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro J Real
- GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government and University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Granada, Spain
| | - David Arambilet
- Programa de Cáncer, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas. Barcelona. Spain
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Programa de Cáncer, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas. Barcelona. Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Torres-Ruiz
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Agraz-Doblas
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-Sodercan), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Ignacio Varela
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-Sodercan), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Jasper de Boer
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anna Bigas
- Programa de Cáncer, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas. Barcelona. Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bertie Gottgens
- Department of Hematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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75
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Understanding the Journey of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2141475. [PMID: 31198425 PMCID: PMC6526542 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2141475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) surface during embryogenesis leading to the genesis of the hematopoietic system, which is vital for immune function, homeostasis balance, and inflammatory responses in the human body. Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, which initiates from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is responsible for the generation of all adult blood cells. With their self-renewing and pluripotent properties, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide an unprecedented opportunity to create in vitro models of differentiation that will revolutionize our understanding of human development, especially of the human blood system. The utilization of hPSCs provides newfound approaches for studying the origins of human blood cell diseases and generating progenitor populations for cell-based treatments. Current shortages in our knowledge of adult HSCs and the molecular mechanisms that control hematopoietic development in physiological and pathological conditions can be resolved with better understanding of the regulatory networks involved in hematopoiesis, their impact on gene expression, and further enhance our ability to develop novel strategies of clinical importance. In this review, we delve into the recent advances in the understanding of the various cellular and molecular pathways that lead to blood development from hPSCs and examine the current knowledge of human hematopoietic development. We also review how in vitro differentiation of hPSCs can undergo hematopoietic transition and specification, including major subtypes, and consider techniques and protocols that facilitate the generation of hematopoietic stem cells.
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76
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Recent Updates on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Hematological Disorders. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5171032. [PMID: 31191673 PMCID: PMC6525795 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5171032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, enormous progress has been made in the field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Patients' somatic cells such as skin fibroblasts or blood cells can be used to generate disease-specific pluripotent stem cells, which have unlimited proliferation and can differentiate into all cell types of the body. Human iPSCs offer great promises and opportunities for treatments of degenerative diseases and studying disease pathology and drug screening. So far, many iPSC-derived disease models have led to the discovery of novel pathological mechanisms as well as new drugs in the pipeline that have been tested in the iPSC-derived cells for efficacy and potential toxicities. Furthermore, recent advances in genome editing technology in combination with the iPSC technology have provided a versatile platform for studying stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. In this review, an overview of iPSCs, patient-specific iPSCs for disease modeling and drug screening, applications of iPSCs and genome editing technology in hematological disorders, remaining challenges, and future perspectives of iPSCs in hematological diseases will be discussed.
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77
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Organoid-Induced Differentiation of Conventional T Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:376-389.e8. [PMID: 30661959 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to generate T cells from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has the potential to transform autologous T cell immunotherapy by facilitating universal, off-the-shelf cell products. However, differentiation of human PSCs into mature, conventional T cells has been challenging with existing methods. We report that a continuous 3D organoid system induced an orderly sequence of commitment and differentiation from PSC-derived embryonic mesoderm through hematopoietic specification and efficient terminal differentiation to naive CD3+CD8αβ+ and CD3+CD4+ conventional T cells with a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. Introduction of an MHC class I-restricted TCR in PSCs produced naive, antigen-specific CD8αβ+ T cells that lacked endogenous TCR expression and showed anti-tumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Functional assays and RNA sequencing aligned PSC-derived T cells with primary naive CD8+ T cells. The PSC-artificial thymic organoid (ATO) system presented here is an efficient platform for generating functional, mature T cells from human PSCs.
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78
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Oguro H. Generation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2048:245-257. [PMID: 31396942 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9728-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to provide a virtually unlimited supply of cells for transplantation therapy. When combined with recent advances in genome editing technologies, human PSCs could offer various approaches that enable gene therapy, drug discovery, disease modeling, and in vitro modeling of human development. De novo generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human PSCs is an important focus in the field, since it enables autologous HSC transplantation to treat many blood disorders and malignancies. Although culture conditions have been established to generate a broad spectrum of hematopoietic progenitors from human PSCs, it remains a significant challenge to generate bona fide HSCs that possess sustained self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities upon transplantation. In this review, recent promising advances in the efforts to generate HSCs and hematopoietic progenitors from human PSCs in vitro and in vivo or from somatic cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Oguro
- Cellular Engineering, The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
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79
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Lin H, Du Q, Li Q, Wang O, Wang Z, Elowsky C, Liu K, Zhang C, Chung S, Duan B, Lei Y. Manufacturing human pluripotent stem cell derived endothelial cells in scalable and cell-friendly microenvironments. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:373-388. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogel tubes are designed for the scalable expansion of human pluripotent stem cells and efficient differentiation into endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases
- Beijing
- China
| | - Christian Elowsky
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
| | - Kan Liu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
- Omaha
- USA
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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80
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Nishimura T, Nakauchi H. Generation of Antigen-Specific T Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1899:25-40. [PMID: 30649763 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8938-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a potential source of blood cells for transfusion therapies and a promising tool for studying the ontogeny of hematopoiesis. The development of widely varying reprogramming methods has enabled us nowadays to obtain iPSCs even from a small number of antigen-specific T cells from patients. As these T-cell-derived iPSCs (T-iPSCs) carry TCR gene rearrangements in their genomic DNA, they are likely useful for producing antigen-specific T cells and for studying T-cell development. T-cell immunotherapy is potentially an effective therapeutic strategy against many types of cancers and viral infections. If antigen-specific T cells tailored against diseases and for patients can be easily obtained, T-cell immunotherapy should become a popular choice of therapy. Here, we show the in vitro way to guide T-iPSCs sequentially to yield hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), T-lineage cells, and mature CD8 single-positive T cells. These in vitro-generated CD8+ T cells display antigen-specific cytotoxity and perform general T-cell functions. This novel protocol thus provides means to generate antigen-specific T cells as well as chances to study normal human lymphopoiesis. It may help identify, and then clear away, barriers to T-cell immunotherapy such as immunological tolerance and cell exhaustion. T-iPSCs can confer their juvenile status upon their descendant T cells during pluripotency reprogramming and redifferentiation. This phenomenon should help to eliminate T-cell exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinobu Nishimura
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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81
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Suknuntha K, Tao L, Brok-Volchanskaya V, D'Souza SS, Kumar A, Slukvin I. Optimization of Synthetic mRNA for Highly Efficient Translation and its Application in the Generation of Endothelial and Hematopoietic Cells from Human and Primate Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018. [PMID: 29520567 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Identification of transcription factors that directly convert pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into endothelial and blood cells and advances in the chemical modifications of messenger RNA (mRNA) offer alternative nucleic acid-based transgene-free approach for scalable production of these cells for drug screening and therapeutic purposes. Here we evaluated the effect of 5' and 3' RNA untranslated regions (UTRs) on translational efficiency of chemically-modified synthetic mRNA (modRNA) in human PSCs and showed that an addition of 5'UTR indeed enhanced protein expression. With the optimized modRNAs expressing ETV2 or ETV2 and GATA2, we are able to produce VE-cadherin+ endothelial cells and CD34+CD43+ hematopoietic progenitors, respectively, from human PSCs as well as non-human primate (NHP) PSCs. Overall, our findings provide valuable information on the design of in vitro transcription templates being used in PSCs and its broad applicability for basic research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kran Suknuntha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
| | - Lihong Tao
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Vera Brok-Volchanskaya
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Saritha S D'Souza
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Igor Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
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82
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Activation of NF-κB driven inflammatory programs in mesenchymal elements attenuates hematopoiesis in low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2018; 33:536-541. [PMID: 30315231 PMCID: PMC6365382 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Activation of NF-κB signaling in mesenchymal cells is common in LR-MDS. Activation of NF-κB in mesenchymal cells leads to transcriptional overexpression of inflammatory factors including negative regulators of hematopoiesis. Activation of NF-κB attenuates HSPC numbers and function ex vivo.
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83
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Lee E, Sivalingam J, Lim ZR, Chia G, Shi LG, Roberts M, Loh YH, Reuveny S, Oh SKW. Review: In vitro generation of red blood cells for transfusion medicine: Progress, prospects and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2118-2128. [PMID: 30273713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro generation of red blood cells (RBCs) has the potential to circumvent the shortfalls in global demand for blood for transfusion applications. The conventional approach for RBC generation has been from differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from cord blood, adult bone marrow or peripheral blood. More recently, RBCs have been generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) as well as from immortalized adult erythroid progenitors. In this review, we highlight the recent advances to RBC generation from these different approaches and discuss the challenges and new strategies that can potentially make large-scale in vitro generation of RBCs a feasible approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmond Lee
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jaichandran Sivalingam
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Zhong Ri Lim
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gloryn Chia
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - Low Gin Shi
- Brilliant Research Pte. Ltd, Singapore 139955, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mackenna Roberts
- Oxford-University College London Centre for the Advancement of Sustainable Medical Innovation, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Yuin-Han Loh
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shaul Reuveny
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - Steve Kah-Weng Oh
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138668, Republic of Singapore
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84
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Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Engineer Blood Vessels. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 163:147-168. [PMID: 29090328 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a remarkable scientific advancement that allows scientists to harness the power of regenerative medicine for potential treatment of disease using unaffected cells. PSCs provide a unique opportunity to study and combat cardiovascular diseases, which continue to claim the lives of thousands each day. Here, we discuss the differentiation of PSCs into vascular cells, investigation of the functional capabilities of the derived cells, and their utilization to engineer microvascular beds or vascular grafts for clinical application. Graphical Abstract Human iPSCs generated from patients are differentiated toward ECs and perivascular cells for use in disease modeling, microvascular bed development, or vascular graft fabrication.
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85
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Making HSCs in vitro: don't forget the hemogenic endothelium. Blood 2018; 132:1372-1378. [PMID: 30089629 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-784140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) in vitro from nonhematopoietic tissue has been a goal of experimental hematologists for decades. Until recently, no in vitro-derived cell has closely demonstrated the full lineage potential and self-renewal capacity of a true HSC. Studies revealing stem cell ontogeny from embryonic mesoderm to hemogenic endothelium to HSC provided the key to inducing HSC-like cells in vitro from a variety of cell types. Here we review the path to this discovery and discuss the future of autologous transplantation with in vitro-derived HSCs as a therapeutic modality.
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86
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A Scalable and Efficient Bioprocess for Manufacturing Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:454-469. [PMID: 30078557 PMCID: PMC6092882 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are of great value for cell therapy, tissue engineering, and drug discovery. Obtaining high-quantity and -quality ECs remains very challenging. Here, we report a method for the scalable manufacturing of ECs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). hPSCs are expanded and differentiated into ECs in a 3D thermoreversible PNIPAAm-PEG hydrogel. The hydrogel protects cells from hydrodynamic stresses in the culture vessel and prevents cells from excessive agglomeration, leading to high-culture efficiency including high-viability (>90%), high-purity (>80%), and high-volumetric yield (2.0 × 107 cells/mL). These ECs (i.e., 3D-ECs) had similar properties as ECs made using 2D culture systems (i.e., 2D-ECs). Genome-wide gene expression analysis showed that 3D-ECs had higher expression of genes related to vasculature development, extracellular matrix, and glycolysis, while 2D-ECs had higher expression of genes related to cell proliferation. hPSCs can be differentiated into endothelial cells in 3D thermoreversible hydrogels The differentiation efficiency is similar to this in 2D cultures The global gene expression and phenotypes are similar to ECs made in 2D cultures
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87
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Grace CS, Mikkola HKA, Dou DR, Calvanese V, Ronn RE, Purton LE. Protagonist or antagonist? The complex roles of retinoids in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells and their specification from pluripotent stem cells. Exp Hematol 2018; 65:1-16. [PMID: 29981365 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.06.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for the maintenance of the hematopoietic system throughout life. Dysregulation of the balance in HSC self-renewal, death, and differentiation can have serious consequences such as myelodysplastic syndromes or leukemia. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the biologically active metabolite of vitamin A/RA, has been shown to have pleiotropic effects on hematopoietic cells, enhancing HSC self-renewal while also increasing differentiation of more mature progenitors. Furthermore, ATRA has been shown to have key roles in regulating the specification and formation of hematopoietic cells from pluripotent stem cells including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we summarize the known roles of vitamin A and RA receptors in the regulation of hematopoiesis from HSCs, ES, and iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clea S Grace
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanna K A Mikkola
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diana R Dou
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Calvanese
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roger E Ronn
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Purton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
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88
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Han X, Chen H, Huang D, Chen H, Fei L, Cheng C, Huang H, Yuan GC, Guo G. Mapping human pluripotent stem cell differentiation pathways using high throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing. Genome Biol 2018; 19:47. [PMID: 29622030 PMCID: PMC5887227 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide powerful models for studying cellular differentiations and unlimited sources of cells for regenerative medicine. However, a comprehensive single-cell level differentiation roadmap for hPSCs has not been achieved. RESULTS We use high throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), based on optimized microfluidic circuits, to profile early differentiation lineages in the human embryoid body system. We present a cellular-state landscape for hPSC early differentiation that covers multiple cellular lineages, including neural, muscle, endothelial, stromal, liver, and epithelial cells. Through pseudotime analysis, we construct the developmental trajectories of these progenitor cells and reveal the gene expression dynamics in the process of cell differentiation. We further reprogram primed H9 cells into naïve-like H9 cells to study the cellular-state transition process. We find that genes related to hemogenic endothelium development are enriched in naïve-like H9. Functionally, naïve-like H9 show higher potency for differentiation into hematopoietic lineages than primed cells. CONCLUSIONS Our single-cell analysis reveals the cellular-state landscape of hPSC early differentiation, offering new insights that can be harnessed for optimization of differentiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Han
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Hematology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haide Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Daosheng Huang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huidong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Lijiang Fei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - He Huang
- Institute of Hematology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Guoji Guo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Institute of Hematology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Stem Cell Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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89
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Leung A, Zulick E, Skvir N, Vanuytsel K, Morrison TA, Naing ZH, Wang Z, Dai Y, Chui DHK, Steinberg MH, Sherr DH, Murphy GJ. Notch and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Impact Definitive Hematopoiesis from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1004-1019. [PMID: 29569827 PMCID: PMC6099224 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) stand to revolutionize the way we study human development, model disease, and eventually, treat patients. However, these cell sources produce progeny that retain embryonic and/or fetal characteristics. The failure to mature to definitive, adult‐type cells is a major barrier for iPSC‐based disease modeling and drug discovery. To directly address these concerns, we have developed a chemically defined, serum and feeder‐free–directed differentiation platform to generate hematopoietic stem‐progenitor cells (HSPCs) and resultant adult‐type progeny from iPSCs. This system allows for strict control of signaling pathways over time through growth factor and/or small molecule modulation. Through direct comparison with our previously described protocol for the production of primitive wave hematopoietic cells, we demonstrate that induced HSPCs are enhanced for erythroid and myeloid colony forming potential, and strikingly, resultant erythroid‐lineage cells display enhanced expression of adult β globin indicating definitive pathway patterning. Using this system, we demonstrate the stage‐specific roles of two key signaling pathways, Notch and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), in the derivation of definitive hematopoietic cells. We illustrate the stage‐specific necessity of Notch signaling in the emergence of hematopoietic progenitors and downstream definitive, adult‐type erythroblasts. We also show that genetic or small molecule inhibition of the AHR results in the increased production of CD34+CD45+ HSPCs while conversely, activation of the same receptor results in a block of hematopoietic cell emergence. Results presented here should have broad implications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and future clinical translation of iPSC‐derived blood cells. Stem Cells2018;36:1004–1019
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Leung
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zulick
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Skvir
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kim Vanuytsel
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tasha A Morrison
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zaw Htut Naing
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Dai
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H K Chui
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin H Steinberg
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H Sherr
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George J Murphy
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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90
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In Vitro Haematopoietic Differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cells or by Direct Lineage Conversion: Current Advances and Challenges. J Med Biol Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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91
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Chen H, Jiang M, Xiao L, Huang H. Single-cell qPCR facilitates the optimization of hematopoietic differentiation in hPSCs/OP9 coculture system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7183. [PMID: 29561959 PMCID: PMC5875903 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)/OP9 coculture system is a widely used hematopoietic differentiation approach. The limited understanding of this process leads to its low efficiency. Thus, we used single-cell qPCR to reveal the gene expression profiles of individual CD34+ cells from different stages of differentiation. According to the dynamic gene expression of hematopoietic transcription factors, we overexpressed specific hematopoietic transcription factors (Gata2, Lmo2, Etv2, ERG, and SCL) at an early stage of hematopoietic differentiation. After overexpression, we generated more CD34+ cells with normal expression level of CD43 and CD31, which are used to define various hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, these CD34+ cells possessed normal differentiation potency in colony-forming unit assays and normal gene expression profiles. In this study, we demonstrated that single-cell qPCR can provide guidance for optimization of hematopoietic differentiation and transient overexpression of selected hematopoietic transcription factors can enhance hematopoietic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haide Chen
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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92
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Zhu H, Lai YS, Li Y, Blum R, Kaufman D. Concise Review: Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Produce Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. Stem Cells 2018; 36:134-145. [PMID: 29235195 PMCID: PMC5914526 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide a promising resource to produce immune cells for adoptive cellular immunotherapy to better treat and potentially cure otherwise lethal cancers. Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells can now be routinely produced from human PSCs. These PSC-derived lymphocytes have phenotype and function similar to primary lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood. PSC-derived T and NK cells have advantages compared with primary immune cells, as they can be precisely engineered to introduce improved anti-tumor activity and produced in essentially unlimited numbers. Stem Cells 2018;36:134-145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yi-Shin Lai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Robert Blum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dan Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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93
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Secretory factors from OP9 stromal cells delay differentiation and increase the expansion potential of adult erythroid cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1983. [PMID: 29386568 PMCID: PMC5792592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of in vitro culture systems for the generation of red blood cells is a goal of scientists globally with the aim of producing clinical grade products for transfusion. Although mature reticulocytes can be efficiently generated by such systems, the numbers produced fall short of that required for therapeutics, due to limited proliferative capacity of the erythroblasts. To overcome this hurdle, approaches are required to increase the expansion potential of such culture systems. The OP9 mouse stromal cell line is known to promote haematopoietic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, however an effect of OP9 cells on erythropoiesis has not been explored. In this study, we show not only OP9 co-culture, but factors secreted by OP9 cells in isolation increase the proliferative potential of adult erythroid cells by delaying differentiation and hence maintaining self-renewing cells for an extended duration. The number of reticulocytes obtained was increased by approximately 3.5-fold, bringing it closer to that required for a therapeutic product. To identify the factors responsible, we analysed the OP9 cell secretome using comparative proteomics, identifying 18 candidate proteins. These data reveal the potential to increase erythroid cell numbers from in vitro culture systems without the need for genetic manipulation or co-culture.
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94
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Definitive Erythropoiesis from Pluripotent Stem Cells: Recent Advances and Perspectives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1107:1-13. [PMID: 29876866 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Derivation of functional and mature red blood cells (RBCs) with adult globin expression from renewable source such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is of importance from the clinical point of view. Definitive RBC generation can only be succeeded through production of true hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). There has been a great effort to obtain definitive engraftable HSCs from iPSCs but the results were mostly unsatisfactory due to low, short-term and linage-biased engraftment in mouse models. Moreover, ex vivo differentiation approaches ended up with RBCs with mostly embryonic and fetal globin expression. To establish reliable, standardized and effective laboratory protocols, we need to expand our knowledge about developmental hematopoiesis/erythropoiesis and identify critical regulatory signaling pathways and transcription factors. Once we meet these challenges, we could establish differentiation protocols for massive RBC production for transfusion purposes in the clinical setting, performing drug screening and disease modeling in ex vivo conditions, and investigating the embryological cascade of erythropoiesis. More interestingly, with the introduction of relatively efficient and facile genome editing tools, genetic correction for inherited RBC disorders such as sickle cell disease (SCD) would become possible through iPSCs that can subsequently generate definitive HSCs, which then give rise to definitive RBCs producing β-globin after transplantation.
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95
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Böiers C, Richardson SE, Laycock E, Zriwil A, Turati VA, Brown J, Wray JP, Wang D, James C, Herrero J, Sitnicka E, Karlsson S, Smith AJH, Jacobsen SEW, Enver T. A Human IPS Model Implicates Embryonic B-Myeloid Fate Restriction as Developmental Susceptibility to B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Associated ETV6-RUNX1. Dev Cell 2017; 44:362-377.e7. [PMID: 29290585 PMCID: PMC5807056 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ETV6-RUNX1 is associated with childhood acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) functioning as a first-hit mutation that initiates a clinically silent pre-leukemia in utero. Because lineage commitment hierarchies differ between embryo and adult, and the impact of oncogenes is cell-context dependent, we hypothesized that the childhood affiliation of ETV6-RUNX1 cALL reflects its origins in a progenitor unique to embryonic life. We characterize the first emerging B cells in first-trimester human embryos, identifying a developmentally restricted CD19-IL-7R+ progenitor compartment, which transitions from a myeloid to lymphoid program during ontogeny. This developmental series is recapitulated in differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), thereby providing a model for the initiation of cALL. Genome-engineered hPSCs expressing ETV6-RUNX1 from the endogenous ETV6 locus show expansion of the CD19-IL-7R+ compartment, show a partial block in B lineage commitment, and produce proB cells with aberrant myeloid gene expression signatures and potential: features (collectively) consistent with a pre-leukemic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Böiers
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Emma Laycock
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Alya Zriwil
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - John Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jason P Wray
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Chela James
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Javier Herrero
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Ewa Sitnicka
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Andrew J H Smith
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sten Erik W Jacobsen
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology and Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tariq Enver
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK; Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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96
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Tao L, Togarrati PP, Choi KD, Suknuntha K. StemRegenin 1 selectively promotes expansion of Multipotent Hematopoietic Progenitors derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2017. [PMID: 29391752 PMCID: PMC5786649 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1302011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells hold tremendous potential as alternative cell sources for the treatment of various hematological diseases, drug discovery and toxicological screening. However, limited number of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells generated from the differentiation of hESCs hinders their downstream applications. Here, we show that aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist StemRegenin 1 (SR1) selectively promotes expansion of hESC-derived lin-CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors in a concentration-dependent manner. The colony-forming cell (CFC) activity was found to be enriched in the CD34+ cells that were expanded with SR1; however, these cells have less colony-forming activity as compared to unexpanded cells (1,338 vs. 7 of CD34+ cells to form 1 colony, respectively). Interestingly, SR1 showed a bipotential effect on the proliferation of CD34 negative population, that is low dose of SR1 (1 µM) enhanced cell proliferation, whereas it was repressed at higher doses (>5 µM). In summary, our results suggest that SR1 has the potential to facilitate expansion of hESC-derived lin-CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors, which further retain the potential to form multilineage hematopoietic colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Tao
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Kyung-Dal Choi
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kran Suknuntha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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97
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Angelos MG, Abrahante JE, Blum RH, Kaufman DS. Single Cell Resolution of Human Hematoendothelial Cells Defines Transcriptional Signatures of Hemogenic Endothelium. Stem Cells 2017; 36:206-217. [PMID: 29139170 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) is an important stage in definitive hematopoietic development. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying human EHT remain poorly characterized. We performed single cell RNA-seq using 55 hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs: CD31+ CD144+ CD41- CD43- CD45- CD73- RUNX1c+ ), 47 vascular endothelial cells without hematopoietic potential (non-HE: CD31+ CD144+ CD41- CD43- CD45- CD73- RUNX1c- ), and 35 hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs: CD34+ CD43+ RUNX1c+ ) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). HE and HP were enriched in genes implicated in hemogenic endothelial transcriptional networks, such as ERG, GATA2, and FLI. We found transcriptional overlap between individual HECs and HPCs; however, these populations were distinct from non-HE. Further analysis revealed novel biomarkers for human HEC/HPCs, including TIMP3, ESAM, RHOJ, and DLL4. Collectively, we demonstrate that hESC-derived HE and HP share a common developmental pathway, while non-HE are more heterogeneous and transcriptionally distinct. Our findings provide a novel strategy to test new genetic targets and optimize the production of definitive hematopoietic cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells 2018;36:206-217.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew G Angelos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Juan E Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert H Blum
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dan S Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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98
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Zeng J, Tang SY, Toh LL, Wang S. Generation of "Off-the-Shelf" Natural Killer Cells from Peripheral Blood Cell-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:1796-1812. [PMID: 29173894 PMCID: PMC5785702 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Current donor cell-dependent strategies can only produce limited “made-to-order” therapeutic natural killer (NK) cells for limited patients. To provide unlimited “off-the-shelf” NK cells that serve many recipients, we designed and demonstrated a holistic manufacturing scheme to mass-produce NK cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Starting with a highly accessible human cell source, peripheral blood cells (PBCs), we derived a good manufacturing practice-compatible iPSC source, PBC-derived iPSCs (PBC-iPSCs) for this purpose. Through our original protocol that excludes CD34+ cell enrichment and spin embryoid body formation, high-purity functional and expandable NK cells were generated from PBC-iPSCs. Above all, most of these NK cells expressed no killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which renders them unrestricted by recipients' human leukocyte antigen genotypes. Hence, we have established a practical “from blood cell to stem cells and back with less (less KIRs)” strategy to generate abundant “universal” NK cells from PBC-iPSCs for a wide range of patients. A GMP-compatible iPSC source has been generated from peripheral blood cells An industry-friendly protocol has been developed to produce NK cells from iPSCs These iPSC-derived NK cells are high-purity, functional, and KIR negative These iPSC-derived NK cells recognize and kill a wide variety of cancer cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Zeng
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
| | - Shin Yi Tang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Lai Ling Toh
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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99
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Dege C, Sturgeon CM. Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29155741 DOI: 10.3791/55196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major goals for regenerative medicine is the generation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Until recently, efforts to differentiate hPSCs into HSCs have predominantly generated hematopoietic progenitors that lack HSC potential, and instead resemble yolk sac hematopoiesis. These resulting hematopoietic progenitors may have limited utility for in vitro disease modeling of various adult hematopoietic disorders, particularly those of the lymphoid lineages. However, we have recently described methods to generate erythro-myelo-lymphoid multilineage definitive hematopoietic progenitors from hPSCs using a stage-specific directed differentiation protocol, which we outline here. Through enzymatic dissociation of hPSCs on basement membrane matrix-coated plasticware, embryoid bodies (EBs) are formed. EBs are differentiated to mesoderm by recombinant BMP4, which is subsequently specified to the definitive hematopoietic program by the GSK3β inhibitor, CHIR99021. Alternatively, primitive hematopoiesis is specified by the PORCN inhibitor, IWP2. Hematopoiesis is further driven through the addition of recombinant VEGF and supportive hematopoietic cytokines. The resulting hematopoietic progenitors generated using this method have the potential to be used for disease and developmental modeling, in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa Dege
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Christopher M Sturgeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Washington University in St. Louis;
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100
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Borst S, Sim X, Poncz M, French DL, Gadue P. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes and Platelets for Disease Modeling and Future Clinical Applications. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2007-2013. [PMID: 28982668 PMCID: PMC5675007 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelets, derived from megakaryocytes, are anucleate cytoplasmic discs that circulate in the blood stream and play major roles in hemostasis, inflammation, and vascular biology. Platelet transfusions are used in a variety of medical settings to prevent life-threatening thrombocytopenia because of cancer therapy, other causes of acquired or inherited thrombocytopenia, and trauma. Currently, platelets used for transfusion purposes are donor derived. However, there is a drive to generate nondonor sources of platelets to help supplement donor-derived platelets. Efforts have been made by many laboratories to generate in vitro platelets and optimize their production and quality. In vitro-derived platelets have the potential to be a safer, more uniform product, and genetic manipulation could allow for better treatment of patients who become refractory to donor-derived units. This review focuses on potential clinical applications of in vitro-derived megakaryocytes and platelets, current methods to generate and expand megakaryocytes from pluripotent stem cell sources, and the use of these cells for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Borst
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiuli Sim
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mortimer Poncz
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Deborah L French
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paul Gadue
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA.
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