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Spillane DR, Wang DY, Newbigging S, Wang Y, Shi CX, Cho HR, Shimizu H, Gramolini A, Liu M, Wen XY. Chromosome Condensation 1-Like (Chc1L) Is a Novel Tumor Suppressor Involved in Development of Histiocyte-Rich Neoplasms. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135755. [PMID: 26291700 PMCID: PMC4546397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human chromosomal region 13q14 is a deletion hotspot in prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This region is believed to host multiple tumor suppressors. Chromosome Condensation 1-like (CHC1L) is located at 13q14, and found within the smallest common region of loss of heterozygosity in prostate cancer. Decreased expression of CHC1L is linked to pathogenesis and progression of both prostate cancer and multiple myeloma. However, there is no direct evidence for CHC1L’s putative tumor suppressing role in current literature. Presently, we describe the generation and characterization of Chc1L knockout mice. Chc1L-/- mice do not develop cancer at a young age, but bone marrow and spleen cells from 8–12 week-old mice display an exaggerated proliferative response. By approximately two years of age, knockout and heterozygote mice have a markedly increased incidence of tumorigenesis compared to wild-type controls, with tumors occurring mainly in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and intestinal tract. Histopathological analysis found that most heterozygote and knockout mice succumb to either Histiocytic Sarcoma or Histiocyte-Associated Lymphoma. Our study suggests that Chc1L is involved in suppression of these two histiocyte-rich neoplasms in mice and supports clinical data suggesting that CHC1L loss of function is an important step in the pathogenesis of cancers containing 13q14 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Spillane
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine & Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ding Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Newbigging
- Centre for Modeling Human Disease, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, The Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Youdong Wang
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chang-Xin Shi
- Department of Medicine & Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hae-Ra Cho
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Department of Medicine & Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine & Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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52
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Pang LY, Argyle DJ. The evolving cancer stem cell paradigm: Implications in veterinary oncology. Vet J 2015; 205:154-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Roode SC, Rotroff D, Avery AC, Suter SE, Bienzle D, Schiffman JD, Motsinger-Reif A, Breen M. Genome-wide assessment of recurrent genomic imbalances in canine leukemia identifies evolutionarily conserved regions for subtype differentiation. Chromosome Res 2015; 23:681-708. [PMID: 26037708 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-015-9475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia in dogs is a heterogeneous disease with survival ranging from days to years, depending on the subtype. Strides have been made in both human and canine leukemia to improve classification and understanding of pathogenesis through immunophenotyping, yet classification and choosing appropriate therapy remains challenging. In this study, we assessed 123 cases of canine leukemia (28 ALLs, 24 AMLs, 25 B-CLLs, and 46 T-CLLs) using high-resolution oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (oaCGH) to detect DNA copy number alterations (CNAs). For the first time, such data were used to identify recurrent CNAs and inclusive genes that may be potential drivers of subtype-specific pathogenesis. We performed predictive modeling to identify CNAs that could reliably differentiate acute subtypes (ALL vs. AML) and chronic subtypes (B-CLL vs. T-CLL) and used this model to differentiate cases with up to 83.3 and 95.8 % precision, respectively, based on CNAs at only one to three genomic regions. In addition, CGH datasets for canine and human leukemia were compared to reveal evolutionarily conserved copy number changes between species, including the shared gain of HSA 21q in ALL and ∼25 Mb of shared gain of HSA 12 and loss of HSA 13q14 in CLL. These findings support the use of canine leukemia as a relevant in vivo model for human leukemia and justify the need to further explore the conserved genomic regions of interest for their clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Roode
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Daniel Rotroff
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Anne C Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven E Suter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Cancer Genetics Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua D Schiffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alison Motsinger-Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA. .,Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. .,Cancer Genetics Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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54
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Omeir R, Thomas R, Teferedegne B, Williams C, Foseh G, Macauley J, Brinster L, Beren J, Peden K, Breen M, Lewis AM. A novel canine kidney cell line model for the evaluation of neoplastic development: karyotype evolution associated with spontaneous immortalization and tumorigenicity. Chromosome Res 2015; 23:663-80. [PMID: 25957863 PMCID: PMC4666904 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-015-9474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying spontaneous neoplastic transformation in cultured mammalian cells remain poorly understood, confounding recognition of parallels with the biology of naturally occurring cancer. The broad use of tumorigenic canine cell lines as research tools, coupled with the accumulation of cytogenomic data from naturally occurring canine cancers, makes the domestic dog an ideal system in which to investigate these relationships. We developed a canine kidney cell line, CKB1-3T7, which allows prospective examination of the onset of spontaneous immortalization and tumorigenicity. We documented the accumulation of cytogenomic aberrations in CKB1-3T7 over 24 months in continuous culture. The majority of aberrations emerged in parallel with key phenotypic changes in cell morphology, growth kinetics, and tumor incidence and latency. Focal deletion of CDKN2A/B emerged first, preceding the onset and progression of tumorigenic potential, and progressed to a homozygous deletion across the cell population during extended culture. Interestingly, CKB1-3T7 demonstrated a tumorigenic phenotype in vivo prior to exhibiting loss of contact inhibition in vitro. We also performed the first genome-wide characterization of the canine tumorigenic cell line MDCK, which also exhibited CDKN2A/B deletion. MDCK and CKB1-3T7 cells shared several additional aberrations that we have reported previously as being highly recurrent in spontaneous canine cancers, many of which, as with CDKN2A/B deletion, are evolutionarily conserved in their human counterparts. The conservation of these molecular events across multiple species, in vitro and in vivo, despite their contrasting karyotypic architecture, is a powerful indicator of a common mechanism underlying emerging neoplastic activity. Through integrated cytogenomic and phenotypic characterization of serial passages of CKB1-3T7 from initiation to development of a tumorigenic phenotype, we present a robust and readily accessible model (to be made available through the American Type Culture Collection) of spontaneous neoplastic transformation that overcomes many of the limitations of earlier studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Omeir
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - R Thomas
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.,Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - B Teferedegne
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - C Williams
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - G Foseh
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - J Macauley
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - L Brinster
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - J Beren
- Office of Counter-Terrorism and Emergency Coordination, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - K Peden
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - M Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA. .,Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA. .,Cancer Genetics Program, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
| | - A M Lewis
- Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
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Borge KS, Nord S, Van Loo P, Lingjærde OC, Gunnes G, Alnæs GIG, Solvang HK, Lüders T, Kristensen VN, Børresen-Dale AL, Lingaas F. Canine Mammary Tumours Are Affected by Frequent Copy Number Aberrations, including Amplification of MYC and Loss of PTEN. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126371. [PMID: 25955013 PMCID: PMC4425491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number aberrations frequently occur during the development of many cancers. Such events affect dosage of involved genes and may cause further genomic instability and progression of cancer. In this survey, canine SNP microarrays were used to study 117 canine mammary tumours from 69 dogs. RESULTS We found a high occurrence of copy number aberrations in canine mammary tumours, losses being more frequent than gains. Increased frequency of aberrations and loss of heterozygosity were positively correlated with increased malignancy in terms of histopathological diagnosis. One of the most highly recurrently amplified regions harbored the MYC gene. PTEN was located to a frequently lost region and also homozygously deleted in five tumours. Thus, deregulation of these genes due to copy number aberrations appears to be an important event in canine mammary tumour development. Other potential contributors to canine mammary tumour pathogenesis are COL9A3, INPP5A, CYP2E1 and RB1. The present study also shows that a more detailed analysis of chromosomal aberrations associated with histopathological parameters may aid in identifying specific genes associated with canine mammary tumour progression. CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of copy number aberrations is a prominent feature of canine mammary tumours as seen in other canine and human cancers. Our findings share several features with corresponding studies in human breast tumours and strengthen the dog as a suitable model organism for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja S. Borge
- Section of Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU),Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Nord
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Van Loo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Human Genome Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, VIB and University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ole C. Lingjærde
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Biomedical Informatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gjermund Gunnes
- Section of Anatomy and Pathology, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway
| | - Grethe I. G. Alnæs
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hiroko K. Solvang
- Marine Mammals Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Torben Lüders
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Sciences (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Vessela N. Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- The K. G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Ahus, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- The K. G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Lingaas
- Section of Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU),Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
Histiocytic proliferative disorders are commonly observed in dogs and less often cats. Histiocytic disorders occur in most of the dendritic cell (DC) lineages. Canine cutaneous histiocytoma originates from Langerhans cells (LCs) indicated by expression of CD1a, CD11c/CD18, and E-cadherin. When histiocytomas occur as multiple lesions in skin with optional metastasis to lymph nodes and internal organs, the disease resembles cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis of humans. Langerhans cell disorders do not occur in feline skin. Feline pulmonary LCH has been recognized as a cause of respiratory failure due to diffuse pulmonary infiltration by histiocytes, which express CD18 and E-cadherin and contain Birbeck's granules. In dogs and cats, histiocytic sarcomas (HS) arise from interstitial DCs that occur in most tissues of the body. Histiocytic sarcomas begin as localized lesions, which rapidly disseminate to many organs. Primary sites include spleen, lung, skin, brain (meninges), lymph node, bone marrow, and synovial tissues of limbs. An indolent form of localized HS, progressive histiocytosis, originates in the skin of cats. Hemophagocytic HS originates in splenic red pulp and bone marrow macrophages in dogs and cats. In dogs, histiocytes in hemophagocytic HS express CD11d/CD18, which is a leuko-integrin highly expressed by macrophages in splenic red pulp and bone marrow. Canine reactive histiocytic diseases, systemic histiocytosis (SH) and cutaneous histiocytosis, are complex inflammatory diseases with underlying immune dysregulation. The lesions are dominated by activated interstitial DCs and lymphocytes, which invade vessel walls and extend as vasocentric infiltrates in skin, lymph nodes, and internal organs (SH).
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, 4206 VM3A, 1 Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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57
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Shapiro SG, Raghunath S, Williams C, Motsinger-Reif AA, Cullen JM, Liu T, Albertson D, Ruvolo M, Bergstrom Lucas A, Jin J, Knapp DW, Schiffman JD, Breen M. Canine urothelial carcinoma: genomically aberrant and comparatively relevant. Chromosome Res 2015; 23:311-31. [PMID: 25783786 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-015-9471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), also referred to as transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), is the most common bladder malignancy in both human and canine populations. In human UC, numerous studies have demonstrated the prevalence of chromosomal imbalances. Although the histopathology of the disease is similar in both species, studies evaluating the genomic profile of canine UC are lacking, limiting the discovery of key comparative molecular markers associated with driving UC pathogenesis. In the present study, we evaluated 31 primary canine UC biopsies by oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (oaCGH). Results highlighted the presence of three highly recurrent numerical aberrations: gain of dog chromosome (CFA) 13 and 36 and loss of CFA 19. Regional gains of CFA 13 and 36 were present in 97 % and 84 % of cases, respectively, and losses on CFA 19 were present in 77 % of cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using targeted bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones and custom Agilent SureFISH probes, was performed to detect and quantify these regions in paraffin-embedded biopsy sections and urine-derived urothelial cells. The data indicate that these three aberrations are potentially diagnostic of UC. Comparison of our canine oaCGH data with that of 285 human cases identified a series of shared copy number aberrations. Using an informatics approach to interrogate the frequency of copy number aberrations across both species, we identified those that had the highest joint probability of association with UC. The most significant joint region contained the gene PABPC1, which should be considered further for its role in UC progression. In addition, cross-species filtering of genome-wide copy number data highlighted several genes as high-profile candidates for further analysis, including CDKN2A, S100A8/9, and LRP1B. We propose that these common aberrations are indicative of an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of pathogenesis and harbor genes key to urothelial neoplasia, warranting investigation for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Shapiro
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
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Abstract
Domestic dogs are unique from other animal models of cancer in that they generally experience spontaneous disease. In addition, most types of cancer observed in humans are found in dogs, suggesting that canines may be an informative system for the study of cancer genetics. Domestic dogs are divided into over 175 breeds, with members of each breed sharing significant phenotypes. The breed barrier enhances the utility of the model, especially for genetic studies where small numbers of genes are hypothesized to account for the breed cancer susceptibility. These facts, combined with recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies allows for an unrivaled ability to use pet dog populations to find often subtle mutations that promote cancer susceptibility and progression in dogs as a whole. The meticulous record keeping associated with dog breeding makes the model still more powerful, as it facilitates both association analysis and family-based linkage studies. Key to the success of these studies is their cooperative nature, with owners, scientists, veterinarians and breed clubs working together to avoid the cost and unpopularity of developing captive populations. In this article we explore these principals and advocate for colony-free, genetic studies that will enhance our ability to diagnose and treat cancer in dogs and humans alike.
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59
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Alvarez CE. Naturally Occurring Cancers in Dogs: Insights for Translational Genetics and Medicine. ILAR J 2014; 55:16-45. [DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilu010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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60
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Viral oncolysis - can insights from measles be transferred to canine distemper virus? Viruses 2014; 6:2340-75. [PMID: 24921409 PMCID: PMC4074931 DOI: 10.3390/v6062340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic diseases represent one of the most common causes of death among humans and animals. Currently available and applied therapeutic options often remain insufficient and unsatisfactory, therefore new and innovative strategies and approaches are highly needed. Periodically, oncolytic viruses have been in the center of interest since the first anecdotal description of their potential usefulness as an anti-tumor treatment concept. Though first reports referred to an incidental measles virus infection causing tumor regression in a patient suffering from lymphoma several decades ago, no final treatment concept has been developed since then. However, numerous viruses, such as herpes-, adeno- and paramyxoviruses, have been investigated, characterized, and modified with the aim to generate a new anti-cancer treatment option. Among the different viruses, measles virus still represents a highly interesting candidate for such an approach. Numerous different tumors of humans including malignant lymphoma, lung and colorectal adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, and ovarian cancer, have been studied in vitro and in vivo as potential targets. Moreover, several concepts using different virus preparations are now in clinical trials in humans and may proceed to a new treatment option. Surprisingly, only few studies have investigated viral oncolysis in veterinary medicine. The close relationship between measles virus (MV) and canine distemper virus (CDV), both are morbilliviruses, and the fact that numerous tumors in dogs exhibit similarities to their human counterpart, indicates that both the virus and species dog represent a highly interesting translational model for future research in viral oncolysis. Several recent studies support such an assumption. It is therefore the aim of the present communication to outline the mechanisms of morbillivirus-mediated oncolysis and to stimulate further research in this potentially expanding field of viral oncolysis in a highly suitable translational animal model for the benefit of humans and dogs.
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Boerkamp KM, van Steenbeek FG, Penning LC, Groot Koerkamp MJA, van Leenen D, Vos-Loohuis M, Grinwis GCM, Rutteman GR. The two main forms of histiocytic sarcoma in the predisposed Flatcoated retriever dog display variation in gene expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98258. [PMID: 24886914 PMCID: PMC4041757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Examination of gene functions in specific tumor types improves insight in tumorigenesis and helps design better treatments. Due to the rarity of histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcoma in humans, it is difficult to accrue such knowledge. Therefore, comparative research of these cancers in predisposed dog breeds, such as the Flatcoated retriever, can be of value. Histiocytic sarcoma in the dog can be grouped into a soft tissue- and visceral form. The soft tissue form at first is localized, while the visceral form progresses more quickly to a terminal state, which might be related to variations in gene expression. Microarray analyses were performed on fresh-frozen tissue from Flatcoated retrievers with either soft tissue- or visceral histiocytic sarcoma. Expression differences of ten most significantly differentially expressed genes were validated with quantitative real-time PCR (q PCR) analyses. Q PCR analyses confirmed the significantly aberrant expression of three of the selected genes: C6 was up-regulated; CLEC12A and CCL5 were down-regulated in the visceral histiocytic sarcoma compared to the soft tissue form. The findings of our study indicate that these two forms of histiocytic sarcoma in the dog display a variation in gene expression and warrant analysis of functional changes in the expression of those genes in these rare sarcomas in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M. Boerkamp
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Frank G. van Steenbeek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louis C. Penning
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dik van Leenen
- Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Vos-Loohuis
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C. M. Grinwis
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard R. Rutteman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Been RA, Linden MA, Hager CJ, DeCoursin KJ, Abrahante JE, Landman SR, Steinbach M, Sarver AL, Largaespada DA, Starr TK. Genetic signature of histiocytic sarcoma revealed by a sleeping beauty transposon genetic screen in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97280. [PMID: 24827933 PMCID: PMC4020815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare, aggressive neoplasm that responds poorly to therapy. Histiocytic sarcoma is thought to arise from macrophage precursor cells via genetic changes that are largely undefined. To improve our understanding of the etiology of histiocytic sarcoma we conducted a forward genetic screen in mice using the Sleeping Beauty transposon as a mutagen to identify genetic drivers of histiocytic sarcoma. Sleeping Beauty mutagenesis was targeted to myeloid lineage cells using the Lysozyme2 promoter. Mice with activated Sleeping Beauty mutagenesis had significantly shortened lifespan and the majority of these mice developed tumors resembling human histiocytic sarcoma. Analysis of transposon insertions identified 27 common insertion sites containing 28 candidate cancer genes. Several of these genes are known drivers of hematological neoplasms, like Raf1, Fli1, and Mitf, while others are well-known cancer genes, including Nf1, Myc, Jak2, and Pten. Importantly, several new potential drivers of histiocytic sarcoma were identified and could serve as targets for therapy for histiocytic sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha A. Been
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Comparative and Molecular Biosciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Linden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Courtney J. Hager
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Krista J. DeCoursin
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Juan E. Abrahante
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sean R. Landman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael Steinbach
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Aaron L. Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - David A. Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Timothy K. Starr
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Genomic profiling reveals extensive heterogeneity in somatic DNA copy number aberrations of canine hemangiosarcoma. Chromosome Res 2014; 22:305-19. [PMID: 24599718 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-014-9406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma is a highly aggressive vascular neoplasm associated with extensive clinical and anatomical heterogeneity and a grave prognosis. Comprehensive molecular characterization of hemangiosarcoma may identify novel therapeutic targets and advanced clinical management strategies, but there are no published reports of tumor-associated genome instability and disrupted gene dosage in this cancer. We performed genome-wide microarray-based somatic DNA copy number profiling of 75 primary intra-abdominal hemangiosarcomas from five popular dog breeds that are highly predisposed to this disease. The cohort exhibited limited global genomic instability, compared to other canine sarcomas studied to date, and DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) were predominantly of low amplitude. Recurrent imbalances of several key cancer-associated genes were evident; however, the global penetrance of any single CNA was low and no distinct hallmark aberrations were evident. Copy number gains of dog chromosomes 13, 24, and 31, and loss of chromosome 16, were the most recurrent CNAs involving large chromosome regions, but their relative distribution within and between cases suggests they most likely represent passenger aberrations. CNAs involving CDKN2A, VEGFA, and the SKI oncogene were identified as potential driver aberrations of hemangiosarcoma development, highlighting potential targets for therapeutic modulation. CNA profiles were broadly conserved between the five breeds, although subregional variation was evident, including a near twofold lower incidence of VEGFA gain in Golden Retrievers versus other breeds (22 versus 40 %). These observations support prior transcriptional studies suggesting that the clinical heterogeneity of this cancer may reflect the existence of multiple, molecularly distinct subtypes of canine hemangiosarcoma.
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64
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Gillard M, Cadieu E, De Brito C, Abadie J, Vergier B, Devauchelle P, Degorce F, Dréano S, Primot A, Dorso L, Lagadic M, Galibert F, Hédan B, Galibert MD, André C. Naturally occurring melanomas in dogs as models for non-UV pathways of human melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2013; 27:90-102. [PMID: 24112648 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneously occurring melanomas are frequent in dogs. They appear at the same localizations as in humans, i.e. skin, mucosal sites, nail matrix and eyes. They display variable behaviors: tumors at oral localizations are more frequent and aggressive than at other anatomical sites. Interestingly, dog melanomas are associated with strong breed predispositions and overrepresentation of black-coated dogs. Epidemiological analysis of 2350 affected dogs showed that poodles are at high risk of developing oral melanoma, while schnauzers or Beauce shepherds mostly developped cutaneous melanoma. Clinical and histopathological analyses were performed on a cohort of 153 cases with a 4-yr follow-up. Histopathological characterization showed that most canine tumors are intradermal and homologous to human rare morphological melanomas types - 'nevocytoid type' and 'animal type'-. Tumor cDNA sequencing data, obtained from 95 dogs for six genes, relevant to human melanoma classification, detected somatic mutations in oral melanoma, in NRAS and PTEN genes, at human hotspot sites, but not in BRAF. Altogether, these findings support the relevance of the dog model for comparative oncology of melanomas, especially for the elucidation of non-UV induced pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gillard
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Rennes, France; Faculté de Médecine, SFR Biosit, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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65
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Beck J, Hennecke S, Bornemann-Kolatzki K, Urnovitz HB, Neumann S, Ströbel P, Kaup FJ, Brenig B, Schütz E. Genome aberrations in canine mammary carcinomas and their detection in cell-free plasma DNA. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75485. [PMID: 24098698 PMCID: PMC3787092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary tumors are the most frequent cancers in female dogs exhibiting a variety of histopathological differences. There is lack of knowledge about the genomes of these common dog tumors. Five tumors of three different histological subtypes were evaluated. Massive parallel sequencing (MPS) was performed in comparison to the respective somatic genome of each animal. Copy number and structural aberrations were validated using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Using mate-pair sequencing chromosomal aneuploidies were found in two tumors, frequent smaller deletions were found in one, inter-chromosomal fusions in one other, whereas one tumor was almost normal. These aberrations affect several known cancer associated genes such as cMYC, and KIT. One common deletion of the proximal end of CFA27, harboring the tumor suppressor gene PFDN5 was detected in four tumors. Using ddPCR, this deletion was validated and detected in 50% of tumors (N = 20). Breakpoint specific dPCRs were established for four tumors and tumor specific cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was detected in the plasma. In one animal tumor-specific cfDNA was found >1 year after surgery, attributable to a lung metastasis. Paired-end sequencing proved that copy-number imbalances of the tumor are reflected by the cfDNA. This report on chromosomal instability of canine mammary cancers reveals similarities to human breast cancers as well as special canine alterations. This animal model provides a framework for using MPS for screening for individual cancer biomarkers with cost effective confirmation and monitoring using ddPCR. The possibility exists that ddPCR can be expanded to screening for common cancer related variants.
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66
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Gene expression profiling of histiocytic sarcomas in a canine model: the predisposed flatcoated retriever dog. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71094. [PMID: 23936488 PMCID: PMC3731289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The determination of altered expression of genes in specific tumor types and their effect upon cellular processes may create insight in tumorigenesis and help to design better treatments. The Flatcoated retriever is a dog breed with an exceptionally high incidence of histiocytic sarcomas. The breed develops two distinct entities of histiocytic neoplasia, a soft tissue form and a visceral form. Gene expression studies of these tumors have value for comparable human diseases such as histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcoma for which knowledge is difficult to accrue due to their rare occurrence. In addition, such studies may help in the search for genetic aberrations underlying the genetic predisposition in this dog breed. METHODS Microarray analysis and pathway analyses were performed on fresh-frozen tissues obtained from Flatcoated retrievers with localized, soft tissue histiocytic sarcomas (STHS) and disseminated, visceral histiocytic sarcomas (VHS) and on normal canine spleens from various breeds. Expression differences of nine genes were validated with quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analyses. RESULTS QPCR analyses identified the significantly altered expression of nine genes; PPBP, SpiC, VCAM1, ENPEP, ITGAD (down-regulated), and GTSF1, Col3a1, CD90 and LUM (up-regulated) in the comparison of both the soft tissue and the visceral form with healthy spleen. DAVID pathway analyses revealed 24 pathways that were significantly involved in the development of HS in general, most of which were involved in the DNA repair and replication process. CONCLUSIONS This study identified altered expression of nine genes not yet implicated in histiocytic sarcoma manifestations in the dog nor in comparable human histiocytic/dendritic sarcomas. Exploration of the downside effect of canine inbreeding strategies for the study of similar sarcomas in humans might also lead to the identification of genes related to these rare malignancies in the human.
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67
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Tsai PC, Breen M. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization-guided identification of reference genes for normalization of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay data for lymphomas, histiocytic sarcomas, and osteosarcomas of dogs. Am J Vet Res 2013; 73:1335-43. [PMID: 22924713 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.9.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify suitable reference genes for normalization of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay data for common tumors of dogs. SAMPLE Malignant lymph node (n = 8), appendicular osteosarcoma (9), and histiocytic sarcoma (12) samples and control samples of various nonneoplastic canine tissues. PROCEDURES Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) data were used to guide selection of 9 candidate reference genes. Expression stability of candidate reference genes and 4 commonly used reference genes was determined for tumor samples with RT-qPCR assays and 3 software programs. RESULTS LOC611555 was the candidate reference gene with the highest expression stability among the 3 tumor types. Of the commonly used reference genes, expression stability of HPRT was high in histiocytic sarcoma samples, and expression stability of Ubi and RPL32 was high in osteosarcoma samples. Some of the candidate reference genes had higher expression stability than did the commonly used reference genes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Data for constitutively expressed genes with high expression stability are required for normalization of RT-qPCR assay results. Without such data, accurate quantification of gene expression in tumor tissue samples is difficult. Results of the present study indicated LOC611555 may be a useful RT-qPCR assay reference gene for multiple tissue types. Some commonly used reference genes may be suitable for normalization of gene expression data for tumors of dogs, such as lymphomas, osteosarcomas, or histiocytic sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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68
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Breed-predispositions to cancer in pedigree dogs. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2013; 2013:941275. [PMID: 23738139 PMCID: PMC3658424 DOI: 10.1155/2013/941275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a common problem in dogs and although all breeds of dog and crossbred dogs may be affected, it is notable that some breeds of pedigree dogs appear to be at increased risk of certain types of cancer suggesting underlying genetic predisposition to cancer susceptibility. Although the aetiology of most cancers is likely to be multifactorial, the limited genetic diversity seen in purebred dogs facilitates genetic linkage or association studies on relatively small populations as compared to humans, and by using newly developed resources, genome-wide association studies in dog breeds are proving to be a powerful tool for unravelling complex disorders. This paper will review the literature on canine breed susceptibility to histiocytic sarcoma, osteosarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, mast cell tumours, lymphoma, melanoma, and mammary tumours including the recent advances in knowledge through molecular genetic, cytogenetic, and genome wide association studies.
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69
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Boerkamp KM, Rutteman GR, Kik MJL, Kirpensteijn J, Schulze C, Grinwis GCM. Nuclear DNA-Content in Mesenchymal Lesions in Dogs: Its Value as Marker of Malignancy and Extent of Genomic Instability. Cancers (Basel) 2012; 4:1300-17. [PMID: 24213507 PMCID: PMC3712725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers4041300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-aneuploidy may reflect the malignant nature of mesenchymal proliferations and herald gross genomic instability as a mechanistic factor in tumor genesis. DNA-ploidy and -index were determined by flow cytometry in canine inflammatory or neoplastic mesenchymal tissues and related to clinico-pathological features, biological behavior and p53 gene mutational status. Half of all sarcomas were aneuploid. Benign mesenchymal neoplasms were rarely aneuploid and inflammatory lesions not at all. The aneuploidy rate was comparable to that reported for human sarcomas with significant variation amongst subtypes. DNA-ploidy status in canines lacked a relation with histological grade of malignancy, in contrast to human sarcomas. While aneuploidy was related to the development of metastases in soft tissue sarcomas it was not in osteosarcomas. No relation amongst sarcomas was found between ploidy status and presence of P53 gene mutations. Heterogeneity of the DNA index between primary and metastatic sarcoma sites was present in half of the cases examined. Hypoploidy is more common in canine sarcomas and hyperploid cases have less deviation of the DNA index than human sarcomas. The variation in the presence and extent of aneuploidy amongst sarcoma subtypes indicates variation in genomic instability. This study strengthens the concept of interspecies variation in the evolution of gross chromosomal aberrations during cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M. Boerkamp
- Department of Clinical Science of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (G.R.R.); (J.K.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel: +31-30-253-5243; Fax: +31-30-251-8126
| | - Gerard R. Rutteman
- Department of Clinical Science of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (G.R.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.J.L.K.); (C.S.); (G.C.M.G.)
| | - Jolle Kirpensteijn
- Department of Clinical Science of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (G.R.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Christoph Schulze
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.J.L.K.); (C.S.); (G.C.M.G.)
| | - Guy C. M. Grinwis
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UU, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.J.L.K.); (C.S.); (G.C.M.G.)
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Koh S, Thomas R, Tsai S, Bischoff S, Lim JH, Breen M, Olby NJ, Piedrahita JA. Growth requirements and chromosomal instability of induced pluripotent stem cells generated from adult canine fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 22:951-63. [PMID: 23016947 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mice and humans, it has been shown that embryonic and adult fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into pluripotency by introducing 4 transcription factors, Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc (OKSM). Here, we report the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adult canine fibroblasts by retroviral OKSM transduction. The isolated canine iPSCs (ciPSCs) were expanded in 3 different culture media [fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), or FGF2 plus LIF]. Cells cultured in both FGF2 and LIF expressed pluripotency markers [POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28] and embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific genes (PODXL, DPPA5, FGF5, REX1, and LAMP1) and showed strong levels of alkaline phosphatase expression. In vitro differentiation by formation of embryoid bodies and by directed differentiation generated cell derivatives of all 3 germ layers as confirmed by mRNA and protein expression. In vivo, the ciPSCs created solid tumors, which failed to reach epithelial structure formation, but expressed markers for all 3 germ layers. Array comparative genomic hybridization and chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed that while retroviral transduction per se did not result in significant DNA copy number imbalance, there was evidence for the emergence of low-level aneuploidy during prolonged culture or tumor formation. In summary, we were able to derive ciPSCs from adult fibroblasts by using 4 transcription factors. The isolated iPSCs have similar characteristics to ESCs from other species, but the exact cellular mechanisms behind their unique co-dependency on both FGF2 and LIF are still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehwon Koh
- Genomics Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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Empl MT, Macke S, Winterhalter P, Puff C, Lapp S, Stoica G, Baumgärtner W, Steinberg P. The growth of the canine glioblastoma cell line D-GBM and the canine histiocytic sarcoma cell line DH82 is inhibited by the resveratrol oligomers hopeaphenol and r2-viniferin. Vet Comp Oncol 2012; 12:149-59. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2012.00349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Empl
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Macke
- Institute of Food Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - P. Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - C. Puff
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Lapp
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - G. Stoica
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; Texas A&M University; College Station TX USA
| | - W. Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - P. Steinberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
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72
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2012; 24:586-94. [PMID: 22871955 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0b013e32835793df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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73
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Shearin AL, Hedan B, Cadieu E, Erich SA, Schmidt EV, Faden DL, Cullen J, Abadie J, Kwon EM, Gröne A, Devauchelle P, Rimbault M, Karyadi DM, Lynch M, Galibert F, Breen M, Rutteman GR, André C, Parker HG, Ostrander EA. The MTAP-CDKN2A locus confers susceptibility to a naturally occurring canine cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1019-27. [PMID: 22623710 PMCID: PMC3392365 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0190-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advantages offered by canine population substructure, combined with clinical presentations similar to human disorders, makes the dog an attractive system for studies of cancer genetics. Cancers that have been difficult to study in human families or populations are of particular interest. Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare and poorly understood neoplasm in humans that occurs in 15% to 25% of Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMD). METHODS Genomic DNA was collected from affected and unaffected BMD in North America and Europe. Both independent and combined genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were used to identify cancer-associated loci. Fine mapping and sequencing narrowed the primary locus to a single gene region. RESULTS Both populations shared the same primary locus, which features a single haplotype spanning MTAP and part of CDKN2A and is present in 96% of affected BMD. The haplotype is within the region homologous to human chromosome 9p21, which has been implicated in several types of cancer. CONCLUSIONS We present the first GWAS for histiocytic sarcoma in any species. The data identify an associated haplotype in the highly cited tumor suppressor locus near CDKN2A. These data show the power of studying distinctive malignancies in highly predisposed dog breeds. IMPACT Here, we establish a naturally occurring model of cancer susceptibility due to CDKN2 dysregulation, thus providing insight about this cancer-associated, complex, and poorly understood genomic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L. Shearin
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, 20815 USA
| | - Benoit Hedan
- UMR 6290 CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, CS 34317 France
- Departments of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA
| | - Edouard Cadieu
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Suzanne A. Erich
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmett V. Schmidt
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Cancer Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Daniel L. Faden
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, 20815 USA
| | - John Cullen
- Departments of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA
| | - Jerome Abadie
- Histopathology Unit, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation Nantes - ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Erika M. Kwon
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Devauchelle
- Centre de Cancerologie Vétérinaire, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Maud Rimbault
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Danielle M. Karyadi
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Mary Lynch
- Cancer Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Francis Galibert
- UMR 6290 CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, CS 34317 France
| | - Matthew Breen
- Departments of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA
- Cancer Genetics Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Gerard R. Rutteman
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine André
- UMR 6290 CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, CS 34317 France
| | - Heidi G. Parker
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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