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Hetzer S, Dittmann F, Bormann K, Hirsch S, Lipp A, Wang DJ, Braun J, Sack I. Hypercapnia increases brain viscoelasticity. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:2445-2455. [PMID: 30182788 PMCID: PMC6893988 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18799241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Brain function, the brain's metabolic activity, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and intracranial pressure are intimately linked within the tightly autoregulated regime of intracranial physiology in which the role of tissue viscoelasticity remains elusive. We applied multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) paired with CBF measurements in 14 healthy subjects exposed to 5-min carbon dioxide-enriched breathing air to induce cerebral vasodilatation by hypercapnia. Stiffness and viscosity as quantified by the magnitude and phase angle of the complex shear modulus, |G*| and ϕ, as well as CBF of the whole brain and 25 gray matter sub-regions were analyzed prior to, during, and after hypercapnia. In all subjects, whole-brain stiffness and viscosity increased due to hypercapnia by 3.3 ± 1.9% and 2.0 ± 1.1% which was accompanied by a CBF increase of 36 ± 15%. Post-hypercapnia, |G*| and ϕ reduced to normal values while CBF decreased by 13 ± 15% below baseline. Hypercapnia-induced viscosity changes correlated with CBF changes, whereas stiffness changes did not. The MRE-measured viscosity changes correlated with blood viscosity changes predicted by the Fåhræus-Lindqvist model and microvessel diameter changes from the literature. Our results suggest that brain viscoelastic properties are influenced by microvessel blood flow and blood viscosity: vasodilatation and increased blood viscosity due to hypercapnia result in an increase in MRE values related to viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Dittmann
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Bormann
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hirsch
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Lipp
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Danny Jj Wang
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jürgen Braun
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingolf Sack
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Bunevicius A, Schregel K, Sinkus R, Golby A, Patz S. REVIEW: MR elastography of brain tumors. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102109. [PMID: 31809993 PMCID: PMC6909210 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MR elastography allows non-invasive quantification of the shear modulus of tissue, i.e. tissue stiffness and viscosity, information that offers the potential to guide presurgical planning for brain tumor resection. Here, we review brain tumor MRE studies with particular attention to clinical applications. Studies that investigated MRE in patients with intracranial tumors, both malignant and benign as well as primary and metastatic, were queried from the Pubmed/Medline database in August 2018. Reported tumor and normal appearing white matter stiffness values were extracted and compared as a function of tumor histopathological diagnosis and MRE vibration frequencies. Because different studies used different elastography hardware, pulse sequences, reconstruction inversion algorithms, and different symmetry assumptions about the mechanical properties of tissue, effort was directed to ensure that similar quantities were used when making inter-study comparisons. In addition, because different methodologies and processing pipelines will necessarily bias the results, when pooling data from different studies, whenever possible, tumor values were compared with the same subject's contralateral normal appearing white matter to minimize any study-dependent bias. The literature search yielded 10 studies with a total of 184 primary and metastatic brain tumor patients. The group mean tumor stiffness, as measured with MRE, correlated with intra-operatively assessed stiffness of meningiomas and pituitary adenomas. Pooled data analysis showed significant overlap between shear modulus values across brain tumor types. When adjusting for the same patient normal appearing white matter shear modulus values, meningiomas were the stiffest tumor-type. MRE is increasingly being examined for potential in brain tumor imaging and might have value for surgical planning. However, significant overlap of shear modulus values between a number of different tumor types limits applicability of MRE for diagnostic purposes. Thus, further rigorous studies are needed to determine specific clinical applications of MRE for surgical planning, disease monitoring and molecular stratification of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adomas Bunevicius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Katharina Schregel
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ralph Sinkus
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, University Paris Diderot, University Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Samuel Patz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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53
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Macielak RJ, Harris MS, Mattingly JK, Shah VS, Prevedello LM, Adunka OF. Can an Imaging Marker of Consistency Predict Intraoperative Experience and Clinical Outcomes for Vestibular Schwannomas? A Retrospective Review. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2019; 82:251-257. [PMID: 33777640 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this article is to determine if vestibular schwannoma consistency as determined by tissue intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) is predictive of intraoperative experience and postoperative clinical outcomes. Study Design Retrospective chart review. Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients Seventy-seven patients diagnosed with vestibular schwannomas who were treated with microsurgical resection. Intervention Diagnostic. Main Outcome Measures Intraoperative measures include totality of resection, surgical time and cranial nerve VII stimulation and postoperative measures include House-Brackmann grade and perioperative complications. Results Tumor consistency determined via tissue intensity on MRI was only found to correlate with surgical time, with a softer tumor being associated with a longer surgical time ( p < 0.0001). However, this was primarily driven by tumor volume with larger tumors being associated with longer surgical time based on multivariate analysis. None of the other intraoperative or postoperative measures considered were found to correlate with tumor consistency. Conclusions Tumor consistency determined by MRI is not predictive of intraoperative experience or postoperative outcomes in vestibular schwannomas. Tumor volume is the strongest driver of these outcome measures as opposed to tumor consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Macielak
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Michael S Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jameson K Mattingly
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Varun S Shah
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Luciano M Prevedello
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Oliver F Adunka
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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54
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Pepin K, Grimm R, Kargar S, Howe BM, Fritchie K, Frick M, Wenger D, Okuno S, Ehman R, McGee K, James S, Laack N, Herman M, Pafundi D. Soft Tissue Sarcoma Stiffness and Perfusion Evaluation by MRE and DCE-MRI for Radiation Therapy Response Assessment: A Technical Feasibility Study. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019; 5:10.1088/2057-1976/ab2175. [PMID: 32110433 PMCID: PMC7045581 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignancies that present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Patient stratification based on tumor aggressiveness and early therapeutic response based on quantitative imaging may improve prediction of treatment response and the evaluation of new treatment strategies in clinical trials. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the technical feasibility of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI for the evaluation of sarcoma stiffness and perfusion in 9 patients with histologically confirmed sarcoma. Additionally, we assessed the feasibility of utilizing MRE and DCE-MRI for the early evaluation of response to radiation therapy in 4 patients to determine the utility of further evaluation in a larger cohort study. Tumor size, stiffness, and perfusion parameters all decreased from baseline at the time of the pre-surgery or follow-up MRI, and results were compared to pathology or conventional imaging. MRE and DCE-MRI may be useful for the quantitative evaluation of tumor stiffness and perfusion, and therapy response assessment in soft tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Pepin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Roger Grimm
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Soudabeh Kargar
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - B Matthew Howe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Karen Fritchie
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Matthew Frick
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Doris Wenger
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Scott Okuno
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 St SW, Rochester MN, 55905
| | - Richard Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Kiaran McGee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Sarah James
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Nadia Laack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Michael Herman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Deanna Pafundi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1 Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Masuda H, Nemoto M, Harada N, Fuchinoue Y, Okonogi S, Node Y, Ando S, Kondo K, Sugo N. Comparison of quantitative measurements of central nervous system tumour consistency and the associated preoperative imaging findings. Br J Neurosurg 2019; 33:522-527. [DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1617405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Masuda
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nemoto
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Harada
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Fuchinoue
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Okonogi
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Node
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunpei Ando
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kondo
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Sugo
- Department of Neurosurgery (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
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56
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McIlvain G, Ganji E, Cooper C, Killian ML, Ogunnaike BA, Johnson CL. Reliable preparation of agarose phantoms for use in quantitative magnetic resonance elastography. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 97:65-73. [PMID: 31100487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Agarose phantoms are one type of phantom commonly used in developing in vivo brain magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) sequences because they are inexpensive and easy to work with, store, and dispose of; however, protocols for creating agarose phantoms are non-standardized and often result in inconsistent phantoms with significant variability in mechanical properties. Many magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound studies use phantoms, but often these phantoms are not tailored for desired mechanical properties and as such are too stiff or not mechanically consistent enough to be used in MRE. In this work, we conducted a systematic study of agarose phantom creation parameters to identify those factors that are most conducive to producing mechanically consistent agarose phantoms for MRE research. We found that cooling rate and liquid temperature affected phantom homogeneity. Phantom stiffness is affected by agar concentration (quadratically), by final liquid temperature and salt content in phantoms, and by the interaction of these two metrics each with stir rate. We captured and quantified the implied relationships with a regression model that can be used to estimate stiffness of resulting phantoms. Additionally, we characterized repeatability, stability over time, impact on MR signal parameters, and differences in agar gel microstructure. This protocol and regression model should prove beneficial in future MRE development studies that use phantoms to determine stiffness measurement accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace McIlvain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Elahe Ganji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Catherine Cooper
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Megan L Killian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Babatunde A Ogunnaike
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Curtis L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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57
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Itamura K, Chang KE, Lucas J, Donoho DA, Giannotta S, Zada G. Prospective clinical validation of a meningioma consistency grading scheme: association with surgical outcomes and extent of tumor resection. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1356-1360. [PMID: 30554187 DOI: 10.3171/2018.7.jns1838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to assess the clinical utility of a previously validated intraoperative meningioma consistency grading scale and its association with extent of resection (EOR) and various surgical outcomes. METHODS The previously validated grading system was prospectively assessed in 127 consecutive patients undergoing open craniotomy for meningioma by multiple neurosurgeons at two high-volume academic hospitals from 2013 to 2016. Consistency grading scores ranging from 1 (soft) to 5 (firm/calcified) were retrospectively analyzed to test for association with surgical outcomes and EOR, categorized as gross-total resection (GTR) or subtotal resection, defined by postoperative MRI. RESULTS One hundred twenty-seven patients were included in the analysis with a tumor consistency distribution as follows: grade 1, 3.1%; grade 2, 14.2%; grade 3, 44.1%; grade 4, 32.3%; and grade 5, 6.3%. The mean tumor diameter was 3.6 ± 1.7 cm. Tumor consistency grades were grouped into soft (grades 1 and 2), average (grade 3), and firm (grades 4 and 5) groups for statistical analysis with distributions of 17.3%, 44.1%, and 38.6%, respectively. There was no association between meningioma consistency and maximal tumor diameter, or location. Mean duration of surgery was longer for tumors with higher consistency: grades 1 and 2, 186 minutes; grade 3, 219 minutes; and grades 4 and 5, 299 minutes (p = 0.000028). There was a trend toward higher perioperative complication rates for tumors of increased consistency: grades 1 and 2, 4.5%; grade 3, 7.0%; and grades 4 and 5, 20.8% (p = 0.047). The proportion of GTR for each consistency group was as follows: grades 1 and 2, 77%; grade 3, 68%; and grades 4 and 5, 43% (p = 0.0062). CONCLUSIONS In addition to other important meningioma characteristics such as invasiveness, tumor consistency is a key determinant of surgical outcomes, including operative duration and EOR. Future studies predicting tumor consistency based on preoperative neuroimaging will help considerably with preoperative planning for meningiomas.
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59
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Schregel K, Nazari N, Nowicki MO, Palotai M, Lawler SE, Sinkus R, Barbone PE, Patz S. Characterization of glioblastoma in an orthotopic mouse model with magnetic resonance elastography. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3840. [PMID: 29193449 PMCID: PMC6538416 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schregel
- Department of Radiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
- Institute of Neuroradiology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Navid Nazari
- Department of Radiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Boston University; Boston MA USA
| | - Michal O. Nowicki
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - Miklos Palotai
- Department of Radiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - Sean E. Lawler
- Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - Ralph Sinkus
- Department of Radiological Imaging, Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division; King's College London; London UK
| | - Paul E. Barbone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Boston University; Boston MA USA
| | - Samuel Patz
- Department of Radiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
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Yin Z, Romano AJ, Manduca A, Ehman RL, Huston J. Stiffness and Beyond: What MR Elastography Can Tell Us About Brain Structure and Function Under Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 27:305-318. [PMID: 30289827 PMCID: PMC6176744 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) was developed on the basis of a desire to "palpate by imaging" and is becoming a powerful tool in the investigation of neurophysiological and neuropathological states. Measurements are acquired with a specialized MR phase-contrast pulse sequence that can detect tissue motion in response to an applied external or internal excitation. The tissue viscoelasticity is then reconstructed from the measured displacement. Quantitative characterization of brain viscoelastic behaviors provides us an insight into the brain structure and function by assessing the mechanical rigidity, viscosity, friction, and connectivity of brain tissues. Changes in these features are associated with inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration that contribute to brain disease onset and progression. Here, we review the basic principles and limitations of brain MRE and summarize its current neuroanatomical studies and clinical applications to the most common neurosurgical and neurodegenerative disorders, including intracranial tumors, dementia, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. Going forward, further improvement in acquisition techniques, stable inverse reconstruction algorithms, and advanced numerical, physical, and preclinical validation models is needed to increase the utility of brain MRE in both research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yin
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Armando Manduca
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
- Departments of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Richard L. Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - John Huston
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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Yao A, Pain M, Balchandani P, Shrivastava RK. Can MRI predict meningioma consistency?: a correlation with tumor pathology and systematic review. Neurosurg Rev 2018; 41:745-753. [PMID: 27873040 PMCID: PMC5438899 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor consistency is a critical factor that influences operative strategy and patient counseling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) describes the concentration of water within living tissues and as such, is hypothesized to predict aspects of their biomechanical behavior. In meningiomas, MRI signal intensity has been used to predict the consistency of the tumor and its histopathological subtype, though its predictive capacity is debated in the literature. We performed a systematic review of the PubMed database since 1990 concerning MRI appearance and tumor consistency to assess whether or not MRI can be used reliably to predict tumor firmness. The inclusion criteria were case series and clinical studies that described attempts to correlate preoperative MRI findings with tumor consistency. The relationship between the pre-operative imaging characteristics, intraoperative findings, and World Health Organization (WHO) histopathological subtype is described. While T2 signal intensity and MR elastography provide a useful predictive measure of tumor consistency, other techniques have not been validated. T1-weighted imaging was not found to offer any diagnostic or predictive value. A quantitative assessment of T2 signal intensity more reliably predicts consistency than inherently variable qualitative analyses. Preoperative knowledge of tumor firmness affords the neurosurgeon substantial benefit when planning surgical techniques. Based upon our review of the literature, we currently recommend the use of T2-weighted MRI for predicting consistency, which has been shown to correlate well with analysis of tumor histological subtype. Development of standard measures of tumor consistency, standard MRI quantification metrics, and further exploration of MRI technique may improve the predictive ability of neuroimaging for meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg 8, One Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Margaret Pain
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg 8, One Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Priti Balchandani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg 8, One Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Raj K Shrivastava
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg 8, One Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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Prezzi D, Neji R, Kelly-Morland C, Verma H, OʼBrien T, Challacombe B, Fernando A, Chandra A, Sinkus R, Goh V. Characterization of Small Renal Tumors With Magnetic Resonance Elastography: A Feasibility Study. Invest Radiol 2018; 53:344-351. [PMID: 29462024 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for characterizing indeterminate small renal tumors (SRTs) as part of a multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS After institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained, 21 prospective adults (15 men; median age, 55 years; age range, 25-72 years) with SRT were enrolled. Tumors (2-5 cm Ø) were imaged using 3-directional, gradient echo MRE. Viscoelastic parametric maps (shear wave velocity [c] and attenuation [α]) were analyzed by 2 independent radiologists. Interobserver agreement (Bland-Altman statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients) was assessed. Anatomical T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion sequences completed the acquisition protocol. Imaging parameters were compared between groups (Mann-Whitney U test). RESULTS Quality of MRE was good in 18 cases (mean nonlinearity <50%), including 1 papillary renal cell carcinoma and 1 metanephric adenoma. A cohort of 5 oncocytomas and 11 clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) was analyzed for statistical differences. The MRE viscoelastic parameters were the strongest imaging discriminators: oncocytomas displayed significantly lower shear velocity c (median, 0.77 m/s; interquartile range [IQR], 0.76-0.79) (P = 0.007) and higher shear attenuation α (median, 0.087 mm; IQR, 0.082-0.087) (P = 0.008) than ccRCC (medians, 0.92 m/s and 0.066 mm; IQR, 0.84-0.97 and 0.054-0.074, respectively). T2 signal intensity ratio (tumor/renal cortex) was lower in oncocytomas (P = 0.02). The DCE and diffusion MR parameters overlapped substantially (P ≥ 0.1). Oncocytomas displayed a consistent MRE viscoelastic profile, corresponding to data point clustering in a bidimensional scatter plot. Values for MRE intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.982 for c and 0.984 for α, indicating excellent interobserver agreement. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic resonance elastography is feasible for SRT characterization; MRE viscoelastic parameters were stronger discriminators between oncocytoma and ccRCC than anatomical, DCE and diffusion MR imaging parameters.
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63
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Johnson CL, Schwarb H, Horecka KM, McGarry MDJ, Hillman CH, Kramer AF, Cohen NJ, Barbey AK. Double dissociation of structure-function relationships in memory and fluid intelligence observed with magnetic resonance elastography. Neuroimage 2018; 171:99-106. [PMID: 29317306 PMCID: PMC5857428 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tissue mechanical properties, measured in vivo with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), have proven to be sensitive metrics of neural tissue integrity. Recently, our group has reported on the positive relationship between viscoelasticity of the hippocampus and performance on a relational memory task in healthy young adults, which highlighted the potential of sensitive MRE measures for studying brain health and its relation to cognitive function; however, structure-function relationships outside of the hippocampus have not yet been explored. In this study, we examined the relationships between viscoelasticity of both the hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex and performance on behavioral assessments of relational memory and fluid intelligence. In a sample of healthy, young adults (N = 53), there was a significant, positive relationship between orbitofrontal cortex viscoelasticity and fluid intelligence performance (r = 0.42; p = .002). This finding is consistent with the previously reported relationship between hippocampal viscoelasticity and relational memory performance (r = 0.41; p = .002). Further, a significant double dissociation between the orbitofrontal-fluid intelligence relationship and the hippocampal-relational memory relationship was observed. These data support the specificity of regional brain MRE measures in support of separable cognitive functions. This report of a structure-function relationship observed with MRE beyond the hippocampus suggests a future role for MRE as a sensitive neuroimaging technique for brain mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
| | - Hillary Schwarb
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
| | - Kevin M Horecka
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Matthew D J McGarry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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Abstract
Understanding the mechanical behavior of human brain is critical to interpret the role of physical stimuli in both normal and pathological processes that occur in CNS tissue, such as development, inflammation, neurodegeneration, aging, and most common brain tumors. Despite clear evidence that mechanical cues influence both normal and transformed brain tissue activity as well as normal and transformed brain cell behavior, little is known about the links between mechanical signals and their biochemical and medical consequences. A multi-level approach from whole organ rheology to single cell mechanics is needed to understand the physical aspects of human brain function and its pathologies. This review summarizes the latest achievements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pogoda
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Wang L, Mu Z, Lin X, Geng J, Xiao TQ, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Guan Y, Yang GY. Simultaneous Imaging of Cerebrovascular Structure and Function in Hypertensive Rats Using Synchrotron Radiation Angiography. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:359. [PMID: 29163140 PMCID: PMC5673661 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has a profound influence on the structure and function of blood vessels. Cerebral vessels undergo both structural and functional changes in hypertensive animals. However, dynamic changes of cerebrovasculature and the factors involved in this process are largely unknown. In this study, we explored the dynamic changes of vascular structure in hypertensive rats using novel synchrotron radiation angiography. Twenty-four spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 24 Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats underwent synchrotron radiation (SR) angiography. Each group had 8 animals. We studied the cerebral vascular changes in SHR over a time period of 3–12-month and performed quantitative analysis. No vascular morphology differences between SHR and SD rats were observed in the early stage of hypertension. The number of twisted blood vessels in the front brain significantly increased at the 9- and 12-month observation time-points in the SHR compared to the SD rats (p < 0.01). The vessel density of the cortex and the striatum in SHR was consistently higher than that in SD rats at time points of 3-, 9-, and 12-month (p < 0.001). Vascular elasticity decreased both in SHR and SD rats with aging. There were statistically significant differences in the relative vascular elasticity of extracranial/intracranial internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery between SHR and SD rats at 12-month (p < 0.01). We concluded that the dynamic vascular alterations detected by SR angiography provided novel imaging data for the study of hypertension in vivo. The longer the course of hypertension was, the more obvious the vascular differences between the SHR and the SD rats became.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihao Mu
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Geng
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ti Qiao Xiao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjing Guan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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66
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Murphy MC, Huston J, Ehman RL. MR elastography of the brain and its application in neurological diseases. Neuroimage 2017; 187:176-183. [PMID: 28993232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an imaging technique for noninvasively and quantitatively assessing tissue stiffness, akin to palpation. MRE is further able assess the mechanical properties of tissues that cannot be reached by hand including the brain. The technique is a three-step process beginning with the introduction of shear waves into the tissue of interest by applying an external vibration. Next, the resulting motion is imaged using a phase-contrast MR pulse sequence with motion encoding gradients that are synchronized to the vibration. Finally, the measured displacement images are mathematically inverted to compute a map of the estimated stiffness. In the brain, the technique has demonstrated strong test-retest repeatability with typical errors of 1% for measuring global stiffness, 2% for measuring stiffness in the lobes of the brain, and 3-7% for measuring stiffness in subcortical gray matter. In healthy volunteers, multiple studies have confirmed that stiffness decreases with age, while more recent studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between viscoelasticity and behavioral performance. Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated the sensitivity of brain stiffness to neurodegeneration, as stiffness has been shown to decrease in multiple sclerosis and in several forms of dementia. Moreover, the spatial pattern of stiffness changes varies among these different classes of dementia. Finally, MRE is a promising tool for the preoperative assessment of intracranial tumors, as it can measure both tumor consistency and adherence to surrounding tissues. These factors are important predictors of surgical difficulty. In brief, MRE demonstrates potential value in a number of neurological diseases. However, significant opportunity remains to further refine the technique and better understand the underlying physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Murphy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| | - John Huston
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Richard L Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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67
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Trends in Management of Intracranial Meningiomas: Analysis of 49,921 Cases from Modern Cohort. World Neurosurg 2017; 106:145-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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68
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Chartrain AG, Kurt M, Yao A, Feng R, Nael K, Mocco J, Bederson JB, Balchandani P, Shrivastava RK. Utility of preoperative meningioma consistency measurement with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE): a review. Neurosurg Rev 2017; 42:1-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-017-0862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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69
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Arani A, Min HK, Fattahi N, Wetjen NM, Trzasko JD, Manduca A, Jack CR, Lee KH, Ehman RL, Huston J. Acute pressure changes in the brain are correlated with MR elastography stiffness measurements: initial feasibility in an in vivo large animal model. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:1043-1051. [PMID: 28488326 PMCID: PMC5811891 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The homeostasis of intracranial pressure (ICP) is of paramount importance for maintaining normal brain function. A noninvasive technique capable of making direct measurements of ICP currently does not exist. MR elastography (MRE) is capable of noninvasively measuring brain tissue stiffness in vivo, and may act as a surrogate to measure ICP. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of changing ICP on brain stiffness using MRE in a swine model. METHODS Baseline MRE measurements were obtained, and then catheters were surgically placed into the left and right lateral ventricles of three animals. ICP was systematically increased over the range of 0 to 55 millimeters mercury (mmHg), and stiffness measurements were made using brain MRE at vibration frequencies of 60 hertz (Hz), 90 Hz, 120 Hz, and 150 Hz. RESULTS A significant linear correlation between stiffness and ICP in the cross-subject comparison was observed for all tested vibrational frequencies (P ≤ 0.01). The 120 Hz (0.030 ± 0.004 kilopascal (kPa)/mmHg, P < 0.0001) and 150 Hz (0.031 ± 0.008 kPa/mmHg, P = 0.01) vibrational frequencies had nearly identical slopes, which were approximately two- to three-fold higher than the 90 Hz (0.017 ± 0.002 kPa/mmHg, P < 0.0001) and 60 Hz (0.009 ± 0.002 kPa/mmHg, P = 0.001) slopes, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, MRE demonstrated the potential for noninvasive measurement of changes in ICP. Magn Reson Med 79:1043-1051, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvin Arani
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hoon-Ki Min
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nikoo Fattahi
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Armando Manduca
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kendall H Lee
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard L Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - John Huston
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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70
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Smith KA, Leever JD, Hylton PD, Camarata PJ, Chamoun RB. Meningioma consistency prediction utilizing tumor to cerebellar peduncle intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences: TCTI ratio. J Neurosurg 2017; 126:242-248. [DOI: 10.3171/2016.1.jns152329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Meningioma consistency, firmness or softness as it relates to resectability, affects the difficulty of surgery and, to some degree, the extent of resection. Preoperative knowledge of tumor consistency would affect preoperative planning and instrumentation. Several methods of prediction have been proposed, but the majority lack objectivity and reproducibility or generalizability to other surgeons. In a previous pilot study of 20 patients the authors proposed a new method of prediction based on tumor/cerebellar peduncle T2-weighted imaging intensity (TCTI) ratios in comparison with objective intraoperative findings. In the present study they sought validation of this method.
METHODS
Magnetic resonance images from 100 consecutive patients undergoing craniotomy for meningioma resection were evaluated preoperatively. During surgery a consistency grade was prospectively applied to lesions by the operating surgeon, as determined by suction and/or cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) intensity. Consistency grades were A, soft; B, intermediate; and C, fibrous. Using T2-weighted MRI sequences, TCTI ratios were calculated. Analysis of the TCTI ratios and intraoperative tumor consistency was completed with ANOVA and receiver operating characteristic curves.
RESULTS
Of the 100 tumors evaluated, 50 were classified as soft, 29 as intermediate, and 21 as firm. The median TCTI ratio for firm tumors was 0.88; for intermediate tumors, 1.5; and for soft tumors, 1.84. One-way ANOVA comparing TCTI ratios for these groups was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). A single cutoff TCTI value of 1.41 for soft versus firm tumors was found to be 81.9% sensitive and 84.8% specific.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors propose this T2-based method of tumor consistency prediction with correlation to objective intraoperative consistency. This method is quantifiable and reproducible, which expands its usability. Additionally, it places tumor consistency on a graded continuum in a clinically meaningful way that could affect preoperative surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John D. Leever
- 2Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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71
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A Simple Scoring System to Predict the Resectability of Skull Base Meningiomas via an Endoscopic Endonasal Approach. World Neurosurg 2016; 91:582-591.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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72
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D. Hughes J, Retzlaff A, Sims J, O'Brien E, Giannini C, Huston J, Van Gompel JJ. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Metastatic to the Pituitary: A Case Report and Discussion of Potential Diagnostic Value of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Pituitary Tumors. World Neurosurg 2016; 91:669.e11-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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73
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Quantification of abdominal aortic aneurysm stiffness using magnetic resonance elastography and its comparison to aneurysm diameter. J Vasc Surg 2016; 64:966-74. [PMID: 27131923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.03.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) wall stiffness has been suggested to be an important factor in the overall rupture risk assessment compared with anatomic measure. We hypothesize that AAA diameter will have no correlation to AAA wall stiffness. The aim of this study is to (1) determine magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)-derived aortic wall stiffness in AAA patients and its correlation to AAA diameter; (2) determine the correlation between AAA stiffness and amount of thrombus and calcium; and (3) compare the AAA stiffness measurements against age-matched healthy individuals. METHODS In vivo abdominal aortic MRE was performed on 36 individuals (24 patients with AAA measuring 3-10 cm and 12 healthy volunteers), aged 36 to 78 years, after obtaining written informed consent under the approval of the Institutional Review Board. MRE images were processed to obtain spatial stiffness maps of the aorta. AAA diameter, amount of thrombus, and calcium score were reported by experienced interventional radiologists. Spearman correlation, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Mann-Whitney test were performed to determine the correlation between AAA stiffness and diameter and to determine the significant difference in stiffness measurements between AAA patients and healthy individuals. RESULTS No significant correlation (P > .1) was found between AAA stiffness and diameter or amount of thrombus or calcium score. AAA stiffness (mean 13.97 ± 4.2 kPa) is significantly (P ≤ .02) higher than remote normal aorta in AAA (mean 8.87 ± 2.2 kPa) patients and in normal individuals (mean 7.1 ± 1.9 kPa). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AAA wall stiffness may provide additional information independent of AAA diameter, which may contribute to our understanding of AAA pathophysiology, biomechanics, and risk for rupture.
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74
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Abstract
Stepwise improvements in the imaging of pituitary adenomas in the last 100 years have had a tremendous impact on patient care. Pituitary tumors are now diagnosed earlier in the time course of the disease, improving chances of endocrine and visual recovery. There is improved pre-surgical planning due to a better understanding of the investment of the tumor around important surrounding parasellar structures. Approaches to tumors are now safer due to stereotactic navigation and residual disease can be radiographically followed for a lifetime and treated prior to irreversible neurological damage. Furthermore, adjuvant radiotherapy can be more precisely delivered to the tumor bed with the aid of higher resolution images. Thanks to these incremental improvements previously formidable macroadenomas, which carried a high risk for morbidity and residual disease, can now be treated safely and effectively. Here, we review modern imaging modalities used to diagnose pituitary adenomas, and identify areas for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan A Zaidi
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - David J Cote
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Edward R Laws
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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75
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Saito S, Tanaka K, Hashido T. Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Measurement of Hepatic Stiffness Using Different Direct Inverse Problem Reconstruction Methods in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Liver Disease. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2016; 72:128-38. [PMID: 26902377 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2016_jsrt_72.2.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the mean hepatic stiffness values obtained by the application of two different direct inverse problem reconstruction methods to magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Thirteen healthy men (23.2±2.1 years) and 16 patients with liver diseases (78.9±4.3 years; 12 men and 4 women) were examined for this study using a 3.0 T-MRI. The healthy volunteers underwent three consecutive scans, two 70-Hz waveform and a 50-Hz waveform scans. On the other hand, the patients with liver disease underwent scanning using the 70-Hz waveform only. The MRE data for each subject was processed twice for calculation of the mean hepatic stiffness (Pa), once using the multiscale direct inversion (MSDI) and once using the multimodel direct inversion (MMDI). There were no significant differences in the mean stiffness values among the scans obtained with two 70-Hz and different waveforms. However, the mean stiffness values obtained with the MSDI technique (with mask: 2895.3±255.8 Pa, without mask: 2940.6±265.4 Pa) were larger than those obtained with the MMDI technique (with mask: 2614.0±242.1 Pa, without mask: 2699.2±273.5 Pa). The reproducibility of measurements obtained using the two techniques was high for both the healthy volunteers [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs): 0.840-0.953] and the patients (ICC: 0.830-0.995). These results suggest that knowledge of the characteristics of different direct inversion algorithms is important for longitudinal liver stiffness assessments such as the comparison of different scanners and evaluation of the response to fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine
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76
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Shiroishi MS, Cen SY, Tamrazi B, D'Amore F, Lerner A, King KS, Kim PE, Law M, Hwang DH, Boyko OB, Liu CSJ. Predicting Meningioma Consistency on Preoperative Neuroimaging Studies. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2016; 27:145-54. [PMID: 27012379 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the neuroimaging literature focused on preoperative prediction of meningioma consistency. A validated, noninvasive neuroimaging method to predict tumor consistency can provide valuable information regarding neurosurgical planning and patient counseling. Most of the neuroimaging literature indicates conventional MRI using T2-weighted imaging may be helpful to predict meningioma consistency; however, further rigorous validation is necessary. Much less is known about advanced MRI techniques, such as diffusion MRI, MR elastography (MRE), and MR spectroscopy. Of these methods, MRE and diffusion tensor imaging appear particularly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Shiroishi
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Steven Y Cen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Benita Tamrazi
- Pediatric Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Francesco D'Amore
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Alexander Lerner
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kevin S King
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Paul E Kim
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Meng Law
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Darryl H Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Orest B Boyko
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chia-Shang J Liu
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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77
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Olivero WC, Wszalek T, Wang H, Farahvar A, Rieth SM, Johnson CL. Magnetic Resonance Elastography Demonstrating Low Brain Stiffness in a Patient with Low-Pressure Hydrocephalus: Case Report. Pediatr Neurosurg 2016; 51:257-62. [PMID: 27198914 DOI: 10.1159/000445900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the case of a 19-year-old female with shunted aqueductal stenosis who presented with low-pressure hydrocephalus that responded to negative pressure drainage. A magnetic resonance elastography scan performed 3 weeks later demonstrated very low brain tissue stiffness (high brain tissue compliance). An analysis of the importance of this finding in understanding this rare condition is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Olivero
- Carle Neuroscience Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Ill., USA
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