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Dauletbaev N, Das M, Cammisano M, Chen H, Singh S, Kooi C, Leigh R, Beaudoin T, Rousseau S, Lands LC. Rhinovirus Load Is High despite Preserved Interferon-β Response in Cystic Fibrosis Bronchial Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143129. [PMID: 26599098 PMCID: PMC4658124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) is often exacerbated following acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by the human rhinovirus (HRV). Pathophysiology of these exacerbations is presently unclear and may involve deficient innate antiviral or exaggerated inflammatory responses in CF airway epithelial cells. Furthermore, responses of CF cells to HRV may be adversely affected by pre-exposure to virulence factors of Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa, the microorganism that frequently colonizes CF airways. Here we examined production of antiviral cytokine interferon-β and inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8, expression of the interferon-responsive antiviral gene 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), and intracellular virus RNA load in primary CF (delF508 CFTR) and healthy airway epithelial cells following inoculation with HRV16. Parallel cells were exposed to virulence factors of P. aeruginosa prior to and during HRV16 inoculation. CF cells exhibited production of interferon-β and interleukin-8, and expression of OAS1 at levels comparable to those in healthy cells, yet significantly higher HRV16 RNA load during early hours post-inoculation with HRV16. In line with this, HRV16 RNA load was higher in the CFBE41o- dF cell line overexpessing delF508 CFTR, compared with the isogenic control CFBE41o- WT (wild-type CFTR). Pre-exposure to virulence factors of P. aeruginosa did not affect OAS1 expression or HRV16 RNA load, but potentiated interleukin-8 production. In conclusion, CF cells demonstrate elevated HRV RNA load despite preserved interferon-β and OAS1 responses. High HRV load in CF airway epithelial cells appears to be due to deficiencies manifesting early during HRV infection, and may not be related to interferon-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurlan Dauletbaev
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Mithun Das
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Cammisano
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - He Chen
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sareen Singh
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cora Kooi
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard Leigh
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trevor Beaudoin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Larry C. Lands
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Respiratory Division, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Guibas GV, Megremis S, West P, Papadopoulos NG. Contributing factors to the development of childhood asthma: working toward risk minimization. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:721-35. [PMID: 25873298 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1035649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood, and considerable research has been undertaken to find ways to prevent its development and reduce its prevalence. For such interventions to be successful, risk factors for asthma emergence should be identified and clearly defined. Data are robust for some of them, including atopy, viral infections and exposure to airborne irritants, whereas it is less conclusive for others, such as aeroallergen exposure and bacterial infections. Several interventions for asthma prevention, including avoidance and pharmacotherapy, have been attempted. However, most of them have furnished equivocal results. Various issues hinder the establishment of risk factors for asthma development and reduce the effectiveness of interventions, including the complexity of the disease and the fluidity of the developing systems in childhood. In this review, we revisit the evidence on pediatric asthma risk factors and prevention and discuss issues that perplex this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- George V Guibas
- Centre for Pediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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