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Lawless MT, Tieu M, Chan RJ, Hendriks JM, Kitson A. Instruments Measuring Self-Care and Self-Management of Chronic Conditions by Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review. J Appl Gerontol 2023:7334648231161929. [PMID: 36880688 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231161929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the high prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidity in older adults, there is a need to better conceptualize and measure self-care and self-management to promote a person-centered approach. This scoping review aimed to identify and map instruments measuring self-care and self-management of chronic conditions by older adults. We searched six electronic databases, charted data from the studies and tools and reported the results in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A total of 107 articles (103 studies) containing 40 tools were included in the review. There was substantial variation in the tools in terms of their aims and scope, structure, theoretical foundations, how they were developed, and the settings in which they have been used. The quantity of tools demonstrates the importance of assessing self-care and self-management. Consideration of the purpose, scope, and theoretical foundation should guide decisions about tools suitable for use in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Lawless
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew Tieu
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Raymond J Chan
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jeroen M Hendriks
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alison Kitson
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 1065Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Olmos B, Nava A, Jones EJ. Theory Integration for Examining Health Care Discrimination among Minoritized Older Adults with Chronic Illness. West J Nurs Res 2023; 45:262-271. [PMID: 36254404 DOI: 10.1177/01939459221128123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of chronic illnesses, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is increasing disproportionately among Latinx adults in the United States. Health care inequities such as health care discrimination contribute to the disparities in this population. Academic and clinical nurses must address health care discrimination from a strong theoretical framework. In this article, we integrate the minority stress theory and ecosocial theory of disease distribution to offer a whole-person model that identifies the concepts most relevant to Latinx older adults who function at multiple levels of intersectionality. This paper uses T2DM as an exemplar of chronic illness. The integrated model depicts possible pathways of physiological and psychological embodiment of lived experiences of minoritized older persons managing chronic illness who are living in a society deeply embedded with structural racism and oppression. This model may guide future research aimed at elucidating the social and structural determinants that impact health-related outcomes among Latinx older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Olmos
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adrianna Nava
- National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emily J Jones
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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53
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Chung MH, Ho WT, Ryuno H, Pujasari H, Chang PC, Chang WP. Relationship between traits and sleep quality of hospitalized elderly patients and sleep quality of family caregivers. Nurs Open 2023. [PMID: 36813732 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To understand whether the sleep quality of the caregivers of elderly inpatients is associated with their own characteristics and with the characteristics or sleep quality of the elderly inpatients. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design that recruited participants from September to December 2020 was adopted, in which 106 pairs of elderly inpatients and caregivers were recruited. METHODS Data collected from the elderly inpatients included demographic characteristics as well as the numerical rating scale (NRS) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF) score, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Caregiver data included demographic characteristics and PSQI. RESULTS In the regression analysis of caregiver characteristics and caregiver sleep quality, only caregiver age and the relationship between caregiver and inpatient (other vs. spouse) were correlated with caregiver sleep quality. In the regression analysis of elderly inpatient characteristics, caregiver characteristics, and caregiver sleep quality, only the PSQI of elderly inpatients and the relationship between caregiver and inpatient (other vs. spouse) were correlated with caregiver sleep quality. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Poor caregiver sleep quality was more likely to manifest when the elderly inpatients had poor sleep quality, when the caregivers themselves were older, and when the caregiver was the inpatient's spouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Huey Chung
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Ho
- Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hirochika Ryuno
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hening Pujasari
- Department of Nursing, Indonesia Faculty of Nursing, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Pi-Chen Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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54
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Komalasari R, Mpofu E, Prybutok G, Ingman SR. Subjective Aging Difficulties among Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:259-269. [PMID: 36154323 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221129546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In older adults, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may progress to an early stage of dementia. Yet, its association with subjective daily functional difficulties in aging is less well studied by experiences of mentally unhealthy days (MUDs). Employing a cross-sectional design approach, we analyzed the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System dataset on 7429 older adults with SCD (aged 65 to >80, 45% males, 55% females) to explore SCD in instrumental daily activities of living (SCD-IADLs) and healthcare access mediation by MUDs and moderated mediation by age cohort, controlling gender and education. The bias-corrected percentile bootstrap with 5000 samplings revealed that MUDs partially mediate the relationship between SCD-IADLs and healthcare access, with a 28.2% mediating effect. Age cohort moderated the relationship between healthcare access and MUDs, MUDs and SCD-IADLs. Specifically, the predictive effects from healthcare access to MUDs and MUDs to SCD-IADLs were more profound in the 70-74 age cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Komalasari
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, College of Health and Public Service, 3404University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Elias Mpofu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, College of Health and Public Service, 3404University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.,School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Human and Community Development, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Gayle Prybutok
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, College of Health and Public Service, 3404University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Stan R Ingman
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, College of Health and Public Service, 3404University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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55
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Sheth S, Cogle CR. Home Modifications for Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:1151-1164. [PMID: 36655622 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231151669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
While ≧10,000 Americans turn 65 years old every day, only 10% of American homes are "aging ready." Unsafe homes can exacerbate disability, lead to falls, and increase the likelihood of hospitalization. With increased investments in home and community-based services, public health stakeholders are considering home modifications to promote successful aging. While several home modification models exist, there is significant heterogeneity between models and no consensus on critical features. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were reviewed and twelve randomized controlled trials of home modifications for older adults were identified and evaluated for model structure, reported outcomes, and risk of bias. Overall, occupational therapist-driven home modifications supplemented with clinical, physical activity, and/or behavioral components saw the greatest success. This systematic review discusses the components of these models, highlights particularly effective and frequently used features, and the practice and research needed to create effective next-generation home modification models which promote healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohum Sheth
- College of Medicine, 12233University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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56
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Min SH, Topaz M, Lee C, Schnall R. Understanding changes in mental health symptoms from young-old to old-old adults by sex using multiple-group latent transition analysis. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1. [PMID: 36626018 PMCID: PMC10400747 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are classified into three homogeneous groups: young-old (age 65-74), old-old (age 75-84), and oldest-old (age 85 and over). Mental health symptoms are likely to change over time, especially when older adults transition from one age group to another. Yet, little is known on changes in mental health symptoms as they transition to another age group, and if these changes differ by sex. This is a secondary data analysis using the longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. A total of 1183 young-old adults at wave 1 was included. Mental health symptoms were depression, anxiety, loneliness, perceived stress, and happiness. Multiple-group latent transition analysis was conducted to model the transition probabilities of latent classes and to compare these differences between sex. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to obtain demographic characteristics and to test for differences. Three latent classes were identified based on severity: class 1-mild, class 2-moderate, and class 3-severe. Regardless of sex, young-old adults remained in the same class from waves 1 to 2. However, they moved to a less severe group when transitioning into the old-old from waves 2 to 3. Statistically significant differences were found in their demographic characteristics among the latent classes. Older adults, when transitioning from young-old to old-old, are likely to transition to latent classes with less severe mental health symptoms in both sex. Clinicians need to provide a comprehensive assessment to all older adults, regardless of the severity of their mental health symptoms, to promote well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Maxim Topaz
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- University of Washington Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Rebecca Schnall
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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DiPiro JT, Allen DD, Lin A, Scott SA, Sorensen TD, Maine LL. Impact of Social Forces and Environmental Factors on Healthcare and Pharmacy Education: The Report of the 2021-2022 AACP Argus Commission. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2023; 87:ajpe9452. [PMID: 36781186 PMCID: PMC10159613 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe9452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David D Allen
- University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anne Lin
- Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven A Scott
- Purdue University, College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Todd D Sorensen
- University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lucinda L Maine
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Arlington, Virginia
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58
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VanDevanter N, Naegle M, Nazia N, Bamodu A, Sullivan Marx E. Healthy aging and care of the older adult with chronic disease: a qualitative needs assessment in 14 eastern and southern Caribbean islands. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e40. [PMID: 36909812 PMCID: PMC9976271 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this qualitative needs assessment were to assess perceived needs of health and social services professionals in the Caribbean Region to enhance services supporting healthy aging and care of older adults and to assess perceived facilitators and barriers to increasing capacity to serve their aging populations. The assessment, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science, was conducted in 14 islands in the eastern and southern Caribbean. The results demonstrated need for education of professionals and the general population about the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), assessment and services for individuals with dementia, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and harmful alcohol use, all of which pose significant challenges for older adults. Education of health and social services professionals, families, and the public on the risk factors for NCDs and common mental and physical health problems is critical. Barriers to implementation of educational programs include lack of community awareness and resources within the islands. The needs assessment findings are foundational to planning educational interventions. These will be developed by local health providers with the collaboration and support of external resources including those of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Gerontological Nursing Education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy VanDevanter
- Rory Myers College of Nursing New York University New York United States of America Rory Myers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, United States of America
| | - Madeline Naegle
- Rory Myers College of Nursing New York University New York United States of America Rory Myers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, United States of America
| | - Nasreen Nazia
- Rory Myers College of Nursing New York University New York United States of America Rory Myers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, United States of America
| | - Avion Bamodu
- Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) Port of Spain Trinidad and Tobago Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Eileen Sullivan Marx
- Rory Myers College of Nursing New York University New York United States of America Rory Myers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, United States of America
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Brondani M, Siqueira AB, Grazziotin RS, Ardenghi D, Christidis N, Siqueira AB. Dental Students' Positive and Negative Views on Aging at an Undergraduate Course at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:8278510. [PMID: 37033126 PMCID: PMC10079378 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8278510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Different views of aging exist, including ageism as the stereotyped idea about older adults in general. The objective of this study was to perform an initial exploration on how third-year undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada self-perceived themselves at ages 65, 75, or 85 years old. Methods For a period of 10 years, and using a cross-sectional design, third-year undergraduate dental students were asked to envision themselves at 65, 75, or 85 years old in a brief 150-word written essay. We employed a thematic analysis of the textual data via a coding process as suggested. The main themes were identified and displayed in a table with their respective categories of information. NVivo® 12 (QSR International) software was used for data analysis. Results Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 519 students enrolled in the UBC undergraduate dental program; 425 essays were collected. Initial coding and thematic analysis led to the identification of four main themes and eight categories; themes included "Ups and Downs," "Financial Sustainability," while categories focused on "Trade-offs," and "Camaraderie," for example. Different levels of ageism were also apparent when students saw themselves experiencing isolation and forgetfulness regardless of the selected age and the academic year. For other students, they anticipate aging would be healthy, joyful, and productive. Conclusion Ageism was present when students imagined themselves at three different older ages, but so were more realistic views of an aging. Further studies are warranted to unravel the impact of geriatric education in tackling stereotypes and ageism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Brondani
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 116/2199 Wesbook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Adriana B. Siqueira
- Speech Language Pathologist, Private Practice, 204/2024, Cavalhada Avenue, Porto Alegre 91750-460, Brazil
| | - Renata S. Grazziotin
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 116/2199 Wesbook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Diego Ardenghi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 116/2199 Wesbook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Nikolaos Christidis
- Universitetslektor Övertandläkare Ledamot av Karolinska Institutets, Universitetstandvården, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, Huddinge 14104, Sweden
| | - Antonio B. Siqueira
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, The Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis – UniRitter – Campus Zona Sul, Rua Orfanotrófio, 555, Alto - Teresópolis, Porto Alegre, RS 90840-440, Brazil
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Adams C, Gringart E, McAullay D, Sim M, Scarfe B, Budrikis A, Strobel N. Older adults access to mental health and social care services during COVID-19 restrictions in Western Australia. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2022.2139196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Adams
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eyal Gringart
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Daniel McAullay
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Moira Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Brigitta Scarfe
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Amy Budrikis
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Natalie Strobel
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
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Lindberg C, Fock J, Nilsen P, Schildmeijer K. Registered nurses' efforts to ensure safety for home-dwelling older patients. Scand J Caring Sci 2022; 37:571-581. [PMID: 36582025 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The international development of health care, an ageing population and rapid technical development mean that more care is being performed in patient homes. This care environment is often unpredictable and involves both formal and informal caregivers, making it potentially unsafe. There is sparse knowledge about how patient safety is protected in home health care in Sweden and how registered nurses work to prevent risks and promote safe care. AIM The aim of the study was to explore registered nurses' efforts to reduce perceived risks for home-dwelling older patients and ensure safe home health care. METHOD We used a qualitative design with individual interviews with 13 registered nurses working in municipalities in southeast Sweden. The narratives were analysed with inductive content analysis. FINDINGS The findings showed that the registered nurses tried to secure a safe care environment and took an active role in care, striving to stay one step ahead of the patient. These three types of efforts are likely interdependent, suggesting they are all needed to reduce perceived risks for home-dwelling older patients and ensure patient safety in home health care. CONCLUSIONS It is a challenge for registered nurses to maintain patient safety when performing care in patient homes. Continuity of care is required and must be based not only on self-reliance among registered nurses but also on trusting relationships with patients, next of kin, colleagues and other personnel, as well as on the development of organisational conditions adapted to patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Lindberg
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Jenni Fock
- Centre for Healthcare Development, University Hospital Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Maxwell CA, Roberts C, Oesmann K, Muhimpundu S, Archer KR, Patel MR, Mulubrhan MF, Muchira J, Boon J, LaNoue M. Health and wellness for disadvantaged older adults: The AFRESH pilot study. PEC INNOVATION 2022; 1:100084. [PMID: 37213747 PMCID: PMC10194225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Older adults are unaware of the biological mechanisms that contribute to the development of disabilities, chronic conditions, and frailty, yet, when made aware, desire to employ lifestyle changes to mitigate these conditions. We developed the AFRESH health and wellness program and report on pilot testing undertaken in a local older adults apartment community. Materials and methods After program development, pilot testing was conducted. Participants: Older adults (N = 20; age 62+) residing in an apartment community. Procedures: Collection of baseline objective and self-report measures with a focus on physical activity; administration of the 10-week AFRESH program via weekly sessions; collection of follow-up data 12 and 36 weeks after baseline data collection. Data analysis: Descriptive statistics, growth curve analyses. Results Significant increases were observed for grip strength (lbs) (T1:56.2; T2:65.0 [d = 0.77]; T3:69.4 [d = 0.62], p = .001), the 6-min walk test (meters) (T1:327m: T2:388.7 m [d = 0.99]; T3:363.3 m [d = 0.60], p = .001), the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) strength and flexibility score, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score. These effects showed some attenuation by the final time point. Conclusion By combining novel educational content (bioenergetics), facilitation of physical activity, and habit formation, AFRESH is a multicomponent intervention that shows promise for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy A Maxwell
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Corley Roberts
- Catholic Charities, 2806 McGavock Pike, Nashville, TN 37214, USA
| | - Kelsey Oesmann
- Urban Housing Solutions, 822 Woodland St., Nashville, TN 37206, USA
| | - Sylvie Muhimpundu
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Kristin R Archer
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1215 21 Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Maulik R Patel
- Vanderbilt University Biological Sciences, Box 351634, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Mogos F Mulubrhan
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - James Muchira
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Jeffrey Boon
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Marianna LaNoue
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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Stoltenberg MJ, Kennedy M, Rico J, Russell M, Petrillo LA, Engel KG, Kamdar M, Ouchi K, Wang DH, Bernacki RH, Biese K, Aaronson E. Developing a novel integrated geriatric palliative care consultation program for the emergency department. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2022; 3:e12860. [PMID: 36518882 PMCID: PMC9742608 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging of our population, older adults are living longer with multiple chronic conditions, frailty, and life-limiting illnesses, which creates specific challenges for emergency departments (EDs). Older adults and those with serious illnesses have high rates of ED use and hospitalization, and the emergency care they receive may be discordant with their goals and values. In response, new models of care delivery have begun to emerge to address both geriatric and palliative care needs in the ED. However, these programs are typically siloed from one another despite significant overlap. To develop a new combined model, we assembled stakeholders and thought leaders at the intersection of emergency medicine, palliative care, and geriatrics and used a consensus process to define elements of an ideal model of a combined palliative care and geriatric intervention in the ED. This article provides a brief history of geriatric and palliative care integration in EDs and presents the integrated geriatric and palliative care model developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Stoltenberg
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Maura Kennedy
- Department of Emergency MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Janet Rico
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Matthew Russell
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Laura A. Petrillo
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kirsten G. Engel
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mihir Kamdar
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kei Ouchi
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Emergency MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative CareDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - David H. Wang
- Division of Palliative MedicineScripps HealthSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rachelle H. Bernacki
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Ariadne LabsBrigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative CareDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kevin Biese
- West Health InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Emily Aaronson
- Department of Emergency MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Ene CJ, Nnama-Okechukwu C. COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: Caregivers lived experiences in health care management of older adult. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2022; 61:428-444. [PMID: 36369867 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2022.2140743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural occurrence often associated with decline in body functioning and common health conditions. With the emergency of new diseases, vulnerable groups like older adults are prone and more possibly to be infected. In the era of COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, health management of older adults becomes demanding with increasing ill-health, morbidity and mortality. This paper aims to investigate caregivers' lived experiences in health care management of older adults amid and post COVID-19 pandemic for quality of life and wellbeing in Nigeria. With the phenomenological approach in qualitative research, we sourced our data using focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDI) from 21 caregivers purposively selected from three health institutions based on their ownership in Nsukka. Data were analyzed thematically. Results revealed that though care-giving is perceived to be filial, it is no longer effectively provided owing to financial and health status of the care recipient. Other findings indicated that factors predicting responds to preventive measures in older adults' health care include disregard of information, inadequate geriatric knowledge and noncompliance of health information. Suggestions to ease challenges in health care demand of older adults were brought to fore. Recommendations were on aligning geriatric professionals in health institutions and health care financing for all older adults in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Jacinta Ene
- Department of Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe Nnama-Okechukwu
- Department of Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
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Prati G. Correlates of quality of life, happiness and life satisfaction among European adults older than 50 years: A machine-learning approach. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 103:104791. [PMID: 35998473 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Previous research has documented the role of different categories of psychosocial factors (i.e., sociodemographic factors, personality, subjective life circumstances, activity, physical health, and childhood circumstances) in predicting subjective well-being and quality of life among older adults. No previous study has simultaneously modeled a large number of these psychosocial factors using a well-powered sample and machine learning algorithms to predict quality of life, happiness, and life satisfaction among older adults. The aim of this paper was to investigate the correlates of quality of life, happiness, and life satisfaction among European adults older than 50 years using machine learning techniques. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave 7 were used. Participants were 62,500 persons aged 50 years and over living in 26 Continental EU Member States, Switzerland, and Israel. Multiple machine learning regression approaches were used. RESULTS The algorithms captured 53%, 33%, and 18% of the variance of quality of life, life satisfaction, and happiness, respectively. The most important categories of correlates of quality of life and life satisfaction were physical health and subjective life circumstances. Sociodemographic factors (mostly country of residence) and psychological variables were the most important categories of correlates of happiness. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study highlights subjective poverty, self-perceived health, country of residence, subjective survival probability, and personality factors (especially neuroticism) as important correlates of quality of life, happiness, and life satisfaction. These findings provide evidence-based recommendations for practice and/or policy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Prati
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Piazza Aldo Moro, 90, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy.
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Manis DR, Bronskill SE, Rochon PA, Sinha SK, Boscart V, Tanuseputro P, Poss JW, Rahim A, Tarride JÉ, Abelson J, Costa AP. Defining the Assisted Living Sector in Canada: An Environmental Scan. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:1871-1877.e1. [PMID: 36007545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we (1) identify the terms used to describe the assisted living sector and the legislation governing operation in all Canadian provinces and territories; (2) identify the cost estimates associated with residency in these homes; and (3) quantify the growth of the sector. DESIGN Environmental scan. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Internet searches of Canadian provincial and territorial government websites and professional associations were conducted in 2021 to retrieve publicly accessible sources related to the assisted living sector. METHODS We synthesized data that identified the terms used to describe the sector in all provinces and territories, the legislation governing operation, financing, median fees per month for care, and growth of the sector from 2012 to 2020. Counts and proportions were calculated for some extracted variables. All data were narratively synthesized. RESULTS The terms used to describe the assisted living sector varied across Canada. The terms "assisted living," "retirement homes," and "supportive living" were prevalent. Ontario was the only province to regulate the sector through an independent, not-for-profit organization. Ontario, British Columbia, and Alberta had some of the highest median fees for room, board, and care per month (range: $1873 to $6726). The licensed assisted living sector in Ontario doubled in size (768 in 2020 vs 383 in 2012), and there was a threefold increase in the number of corporate-owned chain assisted living facilities (465 in 2020 vs 142 in 2012). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The rapid growth of the assisted living sector that is primarily financed through out-of-pocket payments may indicate a rise in a two-tier system of housing and health care for older adults. Policymakers need better mechanisms, such as standardized reporting systems and assessments, to understand the needs of older adults who reside in assisted living facilities and inform the need for sector regulation and oversight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Manis
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Susan E Bronskill
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paula A Rochon
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samir K Sinha
- Institute for Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Sinai Health and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veronique Boscart
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Conestoga College, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tanuseputro
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey W Poss
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmad Rahim
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Éric Tarride
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH), The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Abelson
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew P Costa
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Integrated Care, St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Chen J, Buchongo P, Spencer MRT, Reynolds CF. An HIT-Supported Care Coordination Framework for Reducing Structural Racism and Discrimination for Patients With ADRD. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:1171-1179. [PMID: 35659469 PMCID: PMC11402329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Black and Latinx Americans are disproportionately at greater risk for having Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) than White Americans. Such differences in risk for ADRD are arguably explained through health disparities, social inequities, and historical policies. Structural racism and discrimination (SRD), defined as "macro-level conditions that limit opportunities, resources, and well-being of less privileged groups," have been linked with common comorbidities of ADRD, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, depression. Given the historical impact of SRD-including discriminatory housing policies resulting in racial residential segregation that has been shown to limit access to education, employment, and healthcare-Black and Latinx populations with ADRD are directly or indirectly negatively affected by SRD in terms of access, quality and cost for healthcare. Emerging studies have brought to light the value of structural-level hospital and public health collaboration on care coordination for improving healthcare quality and access, and thus could serve as a macro-level mechanism for addressing disparities for minoritized racial and ethnic populations with ADRD. This paper presents a conceptual framework delineating how care coordination can successfully be achieved through health information technology (HIT) systems and ultimately address SRD. To address health inequities, it is therefore critical that policy initiatives invest in HIT capacities and infrastructures to promote care coordination, identify patient needs and preferences, and promote engagement of patients with ADRD and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD; The Hospital and Public Health InterdisciPlinarY Research (HAPPY) Lab, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD.
| | - Portia Buchongo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD; The Hospital and Public Health InterdisciPlinarY Research (HAPPY) Lab, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD
| | - Merianne Rose T Spencer
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD; The Hospital and Public Health InterdisciPlinarY Research (HAPPY) Lab, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (JC, PB, MRTS), MD
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Tzeng HM, Raji MA, Tahashilder MI, Kuo YF. Association between medicare annual wellness visits and prevention of falls and fractures in older adults in Texas, USA. Prev Med 2022; 164:107331. [PMID: 36334680 PMCID: PMC9691561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fall-related injuries contribute to increased frailty, disability, and premature death in older adults (≥65 years). The US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services began reimbursing annual wellness visits (AWVs) in 2011. In the present study, we assessed the effect of AWV receipt in 2017 on fall and fracture prevention through December 31, 2018. Using Texas Medicare data for 2014-2018, we identified cohorts of Medicare beneficiaries ≥68 years, matched for the presence/absence of an AWV in 2017 by propensity score, and observed two outcomes: fracture as a primary diagnosis, and fall occurrences. Rates of each outcome were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Of the 2017 beneficiaries, 32.2% received an AWV. For the 742,494 beneficiaries in the matched cohort, conditional Cox proportional hazards models revealed that receiving an AWV in 2017 was associated with reduced risks for future falls (3.9%) and fractures (4%). The effect of the AWV was stronger on fall reduction in rural residents (HR: 0.799; 95% CI: 0.679 to 0.941) and on fracture reduction in beneficiaries with ≥4 morbidities (HR: 0.918; 95% CI: 0.867 to 0.972). Receipt of an AWV in three consecutive years (2015-2017) further lowered the risk of future falls. We conclude that the risks for future falls/fractures are lower in older adults receiving AWVs. Our study underscores the need for expanded public education programs that raise awareness about AWVs and the potential for AWV data to inform fall prevention interventions and other health promotion practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ming Tzeng
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Mukaila A Raji
- Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine Division, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yong-Fang Kuo
- Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine Division, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Office of Biostatics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Zadvinskis IM, Tucker S, Hoying J. Evidence, expertise, and patient/family preferences to maximize health for older adults with implications for evidence-based practice. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2022; 19:344-351. [PMID: 36102340 PMCID: PMC9826038 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As Americans live longer and with chronic conditions, the healthcare system, researchers, faculty, practicing providers, patients, and families must adapt to changing societal needs and goals. AIMS The aim of this commentary was to offer recommendations that align with the six vital directions to improve the health care and quality of life for older Americans. METHODS This article expands upon the six vital directions from an evidence-based practice (EBP) perspective that values the three legs of the EBP stool: (1) research evidence, (2) clinician expertise, and (3) patient preferences, values, and circumstances. RESULTS The recommendations reflect the scientific literature, our expertise in EBP and research, our nursing roles and expertise, and our experiences in the care of our older parents. By sharing our experiences as nurse scientists and daughters, we offer insight to raise the healthcare bar for older adults through EBP and meaningful, person-centered care. LINKING ACTION TO EVIDENCE Vital directions for improving the health care and quality of life for older Americans include promoting interprofessional education to create an adequately prepared workforce; researching and implementing pathways to minimize the social determinants of health for older adults; disseminating findings that remediate older adult health disparities; innovating approaches for managing chronic health conditions at home; and studying and implementing approaches for allocating resources for end-of-life care that are satisfying for the patients, their family, and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga M. Zadvinskis
- Helene Fuld Health Trust National Institute for Evidence‐based Practice in Nursing and HealthcareColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Sharon Tucker
- Helene Fuld Health Trust National Institute for Evidence‐based Practice in Nursing and HealthcareColumbusOhioUSA
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jacqueline Hoying
- Helene Fuld Health Trust National Institute for Evidence‐based Practice in Nursing and HealthcareColumbusOhioUSA
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOhioUSA
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Situation of the Elderly Living Alone: Morbidity and Services Provided from the Field of Primary Health Care of Gran Canaria. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101861. [PMID: 36292307 PMCID: PMC9601336 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly suffer a greater number of health problems and have greater need for assistance and care. (1) Background: to determine the profile of the elderly who live alone, identified according to the Primary Care Health Record of Gran Canaria, and to analyze the sociodemographic data of the target population and determine the characteristics related to morbidity. (2) Methods: descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the Primary Health Care Management of Gran Canaria. The study population was all adults over 65 years of age living alone. The instrument used was the Drago-Electronic Health Record. Data analysis was carried out using RStudio version 1.1.447 software, and descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were carried out using the Chi-square values, T-test for independent samples, and ANOVA. (3) Results: The sample amounted to 8679 subjects, predominantly female sex (86.14%) and with a mean age of 79.4 years. Of the sample, 6.4% lived alone. Based on the classification by Adjusted Morbidity Groups (AMG), subjects with “moderate complications” predominated at 45.5%. (4) Conclusions: It is necessary to implement this type of stratification tool, which allows interventions to be carried out in elderly people at risk.
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Mace RA, Mattos MK, Vranceanu AM. Older adults can use technology: why healthcare professionals must overcome ageism in digital health. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:1102-1105. [PMID: 36073770 PMCID: PMC9494377 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults rapidly adopted technology for healthcare, known as digital health, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults are increasingly using telehealth, smartphone apps, and other digital health technologies to reduce barriers to care, maintain patient-provider communication, and promote disease self-management. Yet, many healthcare professionals have maintained outdated beliefs rooted in societal ageism that digital health and older adults are incompatible. As a result, older adults have been disproportionally excluded from health services and clinical trials that use digital health relative to their younger counterparts. In this commentary, we urge all healthcare disciplines to challenge ageist beliefs and practices that have contributed to the "digital health divide" among older patients. We provide examples of evidence-based strategies and current scientific initiatives that can promote digital health inclusion in research, clinical practice, and training. By achieving digital health inclusion, we can increase access, provide preventative and comprehensive care, and decrease healthcare costs for older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meghan K Mattos
- University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ana-Maria Vranceanu
- Integrated Brain Health Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Fordjour GA, Chow AYM. Global Research Trend and Bibliometric Analysis of Current Studies on End-of-Life Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11176. [PMID: 36141446 PMCID: PMC9517393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The growing emphasis on evidence-based practice has led to a need for more research on healthcare disciplines, and for the synthesis and translation of that research into practice. This study explored the global research trend in regard to End-of-Life Care (EoLC), and assessed the impact and influence, on the scientific community, of relevant EoLC publications EoLC. Over 350,000 related publications on EoLC were retrieved from three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Our analysis of the global research trend revealed an exponential rise in the number of related publications on EoLC since the year 1837. This study assessed the bibliometric information of 547 current journal publications on EoLC, sorted by relevance, from the three databases. The USA (47.3%) and the UK (16.1%) were the most productive countries, in terms of the number of relevant publications. The bibliometric analysis also revealed which EoLC research was most impactful and influential, from different parameters including documents, authors, sources, and organisations. The keyword analysis further suggested the growing importance of advance care planning and decision-making in regard to EoLC, as well as an episodic upsurge of EoLC publications related to the COVID-19 pandemic. There were few collaborations among the prolific research on EoLC. This study recommends increased research collaboration across the globe, for wider wisdom-sharing on EoLC issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Yin Man Chow
- Jockey Club End-of-Life Community Care Project, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Abstract
While aging in place is preferred by the vast majority of adults and can bring a host of psychological and physical benefits, older adults require community support in order to age in place safely and with dignity. In this commentary, we review the demographic changes and characteristics of older adults nationally and in Delaware, highlight some of the benefits and challenges to aging in place, and discuss the individual and system-level strategies that are needed to help older adults successfully age in place. Finally, we provide an overview of one creative solution that addresses instrumental and social needs among individuals aging in place with chronic illness.
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Chen MZ, Chan YH, Wong MWK, Merchant RA. Comparison of Rapid Cognitive Screen against Montreal Cognitive Assessment in screening for cognitive impairment in the old and old-old. Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:460-468. [PMID: 35577347 PMCID: PMC9325369 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was developed as a screening tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Given the need for a rapid screening test in settings such as primary care, we compare the validity of the Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS) against the MoCA, and determine cut-off scores in the old and old-old. METHODS Cross-sectional study involving community-dwelling 'old' (65 to 79 years old) and 'old-old' (≥ 80 years old) without dementia. Cognitive impairment was defined by MoCA score 17 to 22. Validation was done using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis: area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp). RESULTS Of the 183 participants (mean age 72.1 ± 5.2 years),15.8% (n = 29) were classified as cognitively impaired. The overall ROC curve had an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.75-0.90, P < 0.01) with an optimal cut-off of 7/8 on RCS (Sn 0.77, Sp 0.72). The 'old' and 'old-old' group had AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.74-0.91, P < 0.01) with 8/9 as optimal cut-off (Sn 0.51, Sp 0.96) and AUC of 0.85 (95% CI 0.66-1.03, P < 0.01) with 7/8 as optimal cut-off (Sn 0.71, Sp 1.00) respectively. In multivariate analysis, age was associated with 0.05 (95% CI -0.10-0.00, P < 0.04) point decrement, while >6 years of education was associated with 0.82 (95% CI 0.32-1.33, P < 0.01) point increment in RCS scores. CONCLUSION The three-item RCS is quick and easy to administer. Although RCS met the criterion for good validity against MoCA in predicting cognitive impairment, its utility as a first-line screening tool needs to be further validated in a large-scale population study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Zhixuan Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Michael Wai Kit Wong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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Massimo L, Hunt L. The Role of Geropsychiatric Nursing in Promoting Age-Friendly Health Care. J Gerontol Nurs 2022; 48:2-3. [PMID: 35771071 PMCID: PMC11194794 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20220606-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Massimo
- Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine, Frontotemporal Degeneration Center University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren Hunt
- Physiological Nursing University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California
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Moropa M, Mokwena J, Makgahlela M, Sodi T. Older black rural South African adults’ perceptions on organ donation: An exploratory study. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2021.2017597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monareng Moropa
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Jabu Mokwena
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | | | - Tholene Sodi
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
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Caring for Homebound Veterans during COVID-19 in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Foster Home Program. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7030066. [PMID: 35735771 PMCID: PMC9223204 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic made older, homebound adults with multiple chronic conditions increasingly vulnerable to contracting the virus. The United States (US) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Foster Home (MFH) program cares for such medically complex veterans residing in the private homes of non-VA caregivers rather than institutional care settings like nursing homes. In this qualitative descriptive study, we assessed adaptations to delivering safe and effective health care during the early stages of the pandemic for veterans living in rural MFHs. From December 2020 to February 2021, we interviewed 37 VA MFH care providers by phone at 16 rural MFH programs across the US, including caregivers, program coordinators, and VA health care providers. Using both inductive and deductive approaches to thematic analysis, we identified themes reflecting adaptations to caring for rural MFH veterans, including care providers rapidly increased communication and education to MFH caregivers while prioritizing veteran safety. Telehealth visits also increased, MFH veterans were prioritized for in-home COVID-19 vaccinations, and strategies were applied to mitigate the social isolation of veterans and caregivers. The study findings illustrate the importance of clear, regular communication and intentional care coordination to ensure high-quality care for vulnerable, homebound populations during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Creating a Healthy Environment for Children: GIS Tools for Improving the Quality of the Social Welfare Management System. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127128. [PMID: 35742379 PMCID: PMC9222755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Childhood is considered to be the most vital period for mental, physical, and social development. Even short-term deprivation of nutrition, health care, education, and affection in childhood can have long-term and irreversible negative consequences. Various social assistance programs are being launched around the world to eliminate or alleviate social problems, including those experienced by children in their immediate environment. Different solutions have been proposed around the world, but welfare systems in all countries share the following common features: social assistance is necessary and underfinanced, and social workers struggle to cope with caseloads. As a result, welfare work is stressful and not highly effective. In this study, modern Geographic Information System (GIS) tools for supporting the employees of social assistance centers (SACs) have been proposed. The data relating to welfare beneficiaries were analyzed by nonparametric kernel density estimation and divided into five datasets. The kernel density tool in ArcGIS Pro software (Esri Polska sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland) was used to visualize areas with a relatively high prevalence of social problems, as well as areas where the neighborhood can deliver synergistic effects. A multicriteria analysis (MCA) procedure for mapping social problems was proposed, and an algorithm was developed in the GIS environment. The generated maps deliver helpful information for supporting SAC employees, as well as monitoring, planning, and initiating preventive measures. Above all, the presented method was designed to improve living conditions by facilitating the management of welfare workers' duties. Therefore, the proposed approach had to be effective and easy to use without an advanced knowledge of GIS tools.
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Paranhos Amorim DN, Nascimento DDC, Stone W, Alves VP, Coelho Vilaça e Silva KH. Body composition and functional performance of older adults. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2022; 8:86-91. [PMID: 35832415 PMCID: PMC9263164 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine if anthropometric variables, body composition, medication and gender are associated with functional performance and to compare these variables between octogenarians with high and low functional performance. Methods Observational, cross-sectional study. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were evaluated. Handgrip strength (HGS) was assessed. Participants' body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and functional performance by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). A binomial logistic regression was performed. Results One hundred and twenty-two octogenarians were included and separated into high and low function groups. The high function group showed lower values of WHtR (mean difference [MD] = 0.047, P = 0.025) and body fat (BF%) (MD = 3.54, P = 0.032) and higher values of apendicular skeletal muscle mass (ALM) (MD = 3.03, P = 0.001), HGS (MD = 6.11, P = 0.001) and SPPB score (MD = 4.20, P = 0.001). Women were more likely to be classified as low function (OR = 3.66, P = 0.002) and males showed 5.21 odds ratio (P = 0.021) of having high functional performance compared to females. Also, each decrease in age and medication use displayed 1.30 (P = 0.007) and 1.26 odds ratio increases (P = 0.008) in high functional performance. Conclusions Older males display better functional performance than women, and decrements in age and medications increase the high functional performance odds ratio. Octogenarians with high functional performance displayed lower BF measurements and higher values of muscle mass and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dahan da Cunha Nascimento
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Whitley Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation & Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA
| | - Vicente Paulo Alves
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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80
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Gholamzadeh S, Shaygan M, Naderi Z, Hosseini FA. Age discrimination perceived by hospitalized older adult patients in Iran: A qualitative study. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 12:45-55. [PMID: 35854844 PMCID: PMC9277281 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2022.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The quality of care that older adult patients receive during hospitalization is directly associated with the perception, knowledge, and skills of the healthcare team. This qualitative study was conducted to explore the concept of age discrimination perceived by hospitalized older adult patients. Methods: The present exploratory qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. The purposive sampling method was used to recruit participants and the sampling continued until data saturation. A total of 21 individuals comprising of 12 hospitalized older adult patients, 5 family caregivers, 3 nurses, and a physician were enrolled in the study. Data were collected through 21 face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method as described by Elo and Kyngäs. Results: The analysis of the interview data resulted in 4 main categories, namely injustice perceptions, interactional injustice, procedural injustice, and organizational injustice. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that older adult patients perceive the occurrence of age discrimination by healthcare teams and inequalities in the provided care in hospitals. It is therefore important to address ageism and subsequent inequalities through short- and long-term policies and plans, as well as standardization and transformation of the present condition of hospitals to become an age-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Gholamzadeh
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Naderi
- Department of Nursing, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Alsadat Hosseini
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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81
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Jaworski BK, Taylor K, Ramsey KM, Heinz AJ, Steinmetz S, Owen JE, Tsai J, Pietrzak RH. Predicting Uptake of the COVID Coach App Among US Military Veterans: Funnel Analysis Using a Probability-Based Panel. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e36217. [PMID: 35245204 PMCID: PMC8985691 DOI: 10.2196/36217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the COVID-19 pandemic has not led to a uniform increase of mental health concerns among older adults, there is evidence to suggest that some older veterans did experience an exacerbation of preexisting mental health conditions, and that mental health difficulties were associated with a lack of social support and increasing numbers of pandemic-related stressors. Mobile mental health apps are scalable, may be a helpful resource for managing stress during the pandemic and beyond, and could potentially provide services that are not accessible due to the pandemic. However, overall comfort with mobile devices and factors influencing the uptake and usage of mobile apps during the pandemic among older veterans are not well known. COVID Coach is a free, evidence-informed mobile app designed for pandemic-related stress. Public usage data have been evaluated; however, the uptake and usage of the app among older veterans have not been explored. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize smartphone ownership rates among US veterans, identify veteran characteristics associated with downloading and use of COVID Coach, and characterize key content usage within the app. METHODS Data were analyzed from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), which surveyed a nationally representative, prospective cohort of 3078 US military veterans before and 1 year into the pandemic. The NHRVS sample was drawn from KnowledgePanel, a research panel of more than 50,000 households maintained by Ipsos, Inc. The median time to complete the survey was nearly 32 minutes. The research version of COVID Coach was offered to all veterans who completed the peripandemic follow-up assessment on a mobile device (n=814; weighted 34.2% of total sample). App usage data from all respondents who downloaded the app (n=34; weighted 3.3% of the mobile completers sample) were collected between November 14, 2020, and November 7, 2021. RESULTS We found that most US veterans (81.5%) own smartphones, and that veterans with higher education, greater number of adverse childhood experiences, higher extraversion, and greater severity of pandemic-related posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were more likely to download COVID Coach. Although uptake and usage of COVID Coach were relatively low (3.3% of eligible participants, n=34), 50% of the participants returned to the app for more than 1 day of use. The interactive tools for managing stress were used most frequently. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for and creation of digital mental health tools. However, these resources may require tailoring for older veteran populations. Future research is needed to better understand how to optimize digital mental health tools such as apps to ensure uptake and usage among older adults, particularly those who have experienced traumas across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth K Jaworski
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Taylor
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Kelly M Ramsey
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Adrienne J Heinz
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Steinmetz
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Jason E Owen
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Dissemination & Training Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Jack Tsai
- National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Tampa, FL, United States.,School of Public Health, San Antonio Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Tay E, Vlaev I, Massaro S. The Behavioral Factors That Influence Person-Centered Social Care: A Literature Review and Conceptual Framework. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4334. [PMID: 35410016 PMCID: PMC8998779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has seen numerous policy reforms to emplace person-centered social care. Consequently, the public has been given more information, choice, and autonomy to decide how best they want to be cared for later in life. Despite this, adults generally fail to plan or prepare effectively for their future care needs. Understanding the behavioral antecedents of person-centered decision-making is thus critical for addressing key gaps in the provision of quality social care. To this end, we conducted a literature review of the psychological and health sciences with the aim of identifying the aspects that influence person-centered decision-making in social care. Using an established theoretical framework, we distilled nine behavioral factors-knowledge, competency, health, goal clarity, time discounting, familiarity, cognitive biases, cognitive overload, and emotion-associated with "Capability," "Opportunity," "Motivation," and "Behavior" that explained person-centered decision-making in social care. These factors exist to different degrees and change as a person ages, gradually impacting their ability to obtain the care they want. We discuss the role of carers and the promise of shared decision-making and conclude by advocating a shift from personal autonomy to one that is shared with carers in the delivery of quality social care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Tay
- NUS Care Unit, Office of the Senior Deputy President and Provost, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Ivo Vlaev
- Department of Behavioural Science, Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;
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von Humboldt S, Low G, Leal I. Health Service Accessibility, Mental Health, and Changes in Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study of Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074277. [PMID: 35409957 PMCID: PMC8999009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the access of older adults to health services. The two objectives of this study are understanding the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults’ access to health services and exploring how health service accessibility during the pandemic influenced older adults’ mental health and self-reported changes in behavior. This study included 346 older adults. Content analysis produced five themes: (1) decreased physical accessibility to health care providers (78%); (2) increased use of online health services and other virtual health care (69%); (3) growth in the online prescription of medication (67%); (4) difficulty obtaining information and accessing non-communicable disease and mental health indicators (65%); and (5) postponement of medical specialist consultations (51%). Regarding mental health, three themes emerged: (1) increased symptoms of anxiety, distress, and depression (89%); (2) the experience of traumatic situations (61%); and (3) the augmented use of alcohol or drugs (56%). Finally, the following changes in behavior were indicated: (1) frustrated behavior (92%); (2) emotional explosions (79%); and (3) changes in sleeping and eating behaviors (43%). Access to health services may have influenced the mental health and behavior of older adults, hence interventions in a pandemic must address their interactions with health services, their needs, and their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia von Humboldt
- William James Center for Research, ISPA—Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-218-811-700; Fax: +351-218-860-954
| | - Gail Low
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Isabel Leal
- William James Center for Research, ISPA—Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal;
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Ersek M, Unroe KT, Carpenter JG, Cagle JG, Stephens CE, Stevenson DG. High-Quality Nursing Home and Palliative Care-One and the Same. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:247-252. [PMID: 34953767 PMCID: PMC8821139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Many individuals receiving post-acute and long-term care services in nursing homes have unmet palliative and end-of-life care needs. Hospice has been the predominant approach to meeting these needs, although hospice services generally are available only to long-term care residents with a limited prognosis who choose to forego disease-modifying or curative therapies. Two additional approaches to meeting these needs are the provision of palliative care consultation through community- or hospital-based programs and facility-based palliative care services. However, access to this specialized care is limited, services are not clearly defined, and the empirical evidence of these approaches' effectiveness is inadequate. In this article, we review the existing evidence and challenges with each of these 3 approaches. We then describe a model for effective delivery of palliative and end-of-life care in nursing homes, one in which palliative and end-of-life care are seen as integral to high-quality nursing home care. To achieve this vision, we make 4 recommendations: (1) promote internal palliative and end-of-life care capacity through comprehensive training and support; (2) ensure that state and federal payment policies and regulations do not create barriers to delivering high-quality, person-centered palliative and end-of-life care; (3) align nursing home quality measures to include palliative and end-of-life care-sensitive indicators; and (4) support access to and integration of external palliative care services. These recommendations will require changes in the organization, delivery, and reimbursement of care. All nursing homes should provide high-quality palliative and end-of-life care, and this article describes some key strategies to make this goal a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ersek
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kathleen T Unroe
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joan G Carpenter
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John G Cagle
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - David G Stevenson
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Murfreesboro, TN, USA; Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Rabheru K. Mental Health Promotion and Risk Reduction Strategies for Mental Disorders in Older Persons: Why Should Governments and Policymakers Care?: Стратегии улучшения психического здоровья и снижения риска развития психических расстройств у пожилых людей: почему об этом должно позаботиться государство? CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2022; 3:22-28. [PMID: 39045362 PMCID: PMC11262092 DOI: 10.17816/cp149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no health without mental health. These are both indispensable human rights and are prerequisite to living one's life with dignity. Unfortunately, mental health systems have been in crisis, with burden of mental illness being among the ten leading healthcare-related issues worldwide, with no measurable reduction in such for over 30 years. Concurrently, the demographic clock continues to tick. Toady's 703 million people aged 65 or older are projected to reach 1.5 billion by the year 2050. Of these, 20% will suffer with serious mental health conditions. At the heart of the global crisis for older people is ageism, frequently intersecting with ableism, mentalism, sexism, and racism. These biases result in the violation of older peoples' human rights every day, with the resultant poor quality of life and premature death. They are compounded by major gaps in legislation, policies, and practices, rendering the central transformative promise of the UN's 2030 Agenda to "Leave No One Behind" a very elusive goal. Evidence-based interventions designed to prevent or reduce the risk of common mental health conditions and psychosocial disability are already available. All governments and policymakers have a major role to play in the promotion of good mental health and the prevention of mental illness by integrating these into public health and general social policy. This requires adopting, implementing, and scaling up of evidence-based, cost-effective interventions to reduce the risk of the development of mental disorders and providing access to adequate treatment when needed for older persons. All governments and policymakers also have a pivotal role to play in leading and supporting a UN convention on the human rights of older people. A UN convention would help combat ageism at the national and international levels by ensuring integration of monitoring and enforcement mechanisms to effectively implement policies and laws that could address discrimination, inequity, and the protection of human rights of older people, including their mental health.
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Lacey J, d’Arville A, Walker M, Hendel S, Lancman B. Considerations for the Older Trauma Patient. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-021-00510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mason M, Soliman R, Kim HS, Post LA. Disparities by Sex and Race and Ethnicity in Death Rates Due to Opioid Overdose Among Adults 55 Years or Older, 1999 to 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2142982. [PMID: 35015062 PMCID: PMC8753495 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Rates of opioid overdose deaths are increasing for older adults. Less is known about these deaths compared with those of younger adults. OBJECTIVE To analyze rate variation among opioid overdose deaths in older adults by sex and by race and ethnicity over time. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This 21-year longitudinal cross-sectional study of adults who died due to opioid overdose at 55 years or older stratified by sex and by race and ethnicity used data from the Multiple Cause of Death database from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research. The data include all opioid overdose deaths among this age group that occurred between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2019 (N = 79 893). EXPOSURES Sex and racial and ethnic groups. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Rates of opioid overdose deaths per 100 000 population by sex and by race and ethnicity for persons 55 years or older. RESULTS During the period 1999 to 2019, 79 893 US residents 55 years or older died due to an opioid overdose. Among these individuals, 79.97% were aged 55 to 64 years, and 58.98% were men. Annual numbers of deaths increased over time from 518 in 1999 to 10 292 in 2019. Annual rates of opioid overdose deaths per 100 000 persons 55 years or older increased over time and ranged from 0.90 in 1999 to 10.70 in 2019. Substantial variation by sex and by race and ethnicity was found. In 2013, rates among non-Hispanic Black men began to diverge from those of other demographic subgroups. By 2019, the opioid overdose fatality rate among non-Hispanic Black men 55 years or older was 40.03 per 100 000 population, 4 times greater than the overall opioid overdose fatality rate of 10.70 per 100 000 for persons of the same age. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this longitudinal cross-sectional study of US adults who died due to opioid overdose, the burden of opioid overdose deaths among older adults since 2013 was most concentrated among non-Hispanic Black men. Deaths among non-Hispanic Black men were disproportionality represented in the overall increase in the rate of opioid overdose deaths among older adults. Further research is needed to inform policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryann Mason
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Buehler Center for Health Policy and Economics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rebekah Soliman
- currently an undergraduate student at Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Howard S. Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Associate Editor, JAMA Network Open
| | - Lori Ann Post
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Buehler Center for Health Policy and Economics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Liu S, D’Amico D, Shankland E, Bhayana S, Garcia JM, Aebischer P, Rinsch C, Singh A, Marcinek DJ. Effect of Urolithin A Supplementation on Muscle Endurance and Mitochondrial Health in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2144279. [PMID: 35050355 PMCID: PMC8777576 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Aging is associated with a decline in mitochondrial function and reduced exercise capacity. Urolithin A is a natural gut microbiome-derived food metabolite that has been shown to stimulate mitophagy and improve muscle function in older animals and to induce mitochondrial gene expression in older humans. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether oral administration of urolithin A improved the 6-minute walk distance, muscle endurance in hand and leg muscles, and biomarkers associated with mitochondrial and cellular health. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in adults aged 65 to 90 years was conducted at a medical center and a cancer research center in Seattle, Washington, from March 1, 2018, to July 30, 2020. Muscle fatigue tests and plasma analysis of biomarkers were assessed at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months. Six-minute walk distance and maximal ATP production were assessed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and at the end of study at 4 months. The analysis used an intention-to-treat approach. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive daily oral supplementation with either 1000 mg urolithin A or placebo for 4 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was change from baseline in the 6-minute walk distance and change from baseline to 4 months in maximal ATP production in the hand skeletal muscle. The secondary end points were change in muscle endurance of 2 skeletal muscles (tibialis anterior [TA] in the leg and first dorsal interosseus [FDI] in the hand). Cellular health biomarkers were investigated via plasma metabolomics. Adverse events were recorded and compared between the 2 groups during the intervention period. RESULTS A total of 66 participants were randomized to either the urolithin A (n = 33) or the placebo (n = 33) intervention group. These participants had a mean (SD) age of 71.7 (4.94) years, were predominantly women (50 [75.8%]), and were all White individuals. Urolithin A, compared with placebo, significantly improved muscle endurance (ie, increase in the number of muscle contractions until fatigue from baseline) in the FDI and TA at 2 months (urolithin A: FDI, 95.3 [115.5] and TA, 41.4 [65.5]; placebo: FDI, 11.6 [147.4] and TA, 5.7 [127.1]). Plasma levels of several acylcarnitines, ceramides, and C-reactive protein were decreased by urolithin A, compared with placebo, at 4 months (baseline vs 4 mo: urolithin A, 2.14 [2.15] vs 2.07 [1.46]; placebo, 2.17 [2.52] vs 2.65 [1.86]). The mean (SD) increase from baseline in the 6-minute walk distance was 60.8 (67.2) m in the urolithin A group and 42.5 (73.3) m in the placebo group. The mean (SD) change from baseline to 4 months in maximal ATP production in the FDI was 0.07 (0.23) mM/s in the urolithin A group and 0.06 (0.20) mM/s in the placebo group; for the TA, it was -0.03 (0.10) mM/s in the urolithin A group and 0.03 (0.10) mM/s in the placebo group. These results showed no significant improvement with urolithin A supplementation compared with placebo. No statistical differences in adverse events were observed between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This randomized clinical trial found that urolithin A supplementation was safe and well tolerated in the assessed population. Although the improvements in the 6-minute walk distance and maximal ATP production in the hand muscle were not significant in the urolithin A group vs the placebo group, long-term urolithin A supplementation was beneficial for muscle endurance and plasma biomarkers, suggesting that urolithin A may counteract age-associated muscle decline; however, future work is needed to confirm this finding. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03283462.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
| | - Davide D’Amico
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Eric Shankland
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
| | - Saakshi Bhayana
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
| | - Jose M. Garcia
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Puget Sound Veterans Affairs, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
| | | | - Chris Rinsch
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Singh
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - David J. Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
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Peckham A, Pituch KA, Maxfield M, Guest MA, Sivanandam S, Doebbeling BN. Aging through the time of COVID-19: a survey of self-reported healthcare access. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1355. [PMID: 34923964 PMCID: PMC8684589 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic conditions are common and require ongoing continuous management and preventive measures. The COVID-19 pandemic may have affected the management of chronic conditions by delaying care. We sought to understand the impact of personal characteristics (i.e., age) and healthcare factors (i.e., access to a provider) on healthcare access in a sample of Americans 50 years of age or older during COVID-19. METHOD Participants completed an online survey at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic - the Aging in the Time of COVID Survey. Questions focused on health status, health care access, COVID-19 fear, and social connectedness. Participants were recruited through social media advertisements, list serves, and snowball sampling. Data collection started in early April 2020 and concluded in late May 2020. Logistic regression models examined the results of two key access points: healthcare provider/doctor (n = 481) and medication (n = 765), with 56 and 93% of participants reporting access to a provider and medications, respectively. RESULTS Individuals with an established primary care provider were much more likely to obtain access to a healthcare provider, OR = 3.81 (95% CI: 1.69, 8.77), and to receive medication, OR = 4.48 (95% CI: 1.61, 11.48), during the time of COVID-19. In addition, access to medication was (a) higher for those who were older, OR = 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), had a higher income (greater than 100 k compared to less than 50 k, OR = 3.04 (95% CI: 1.11, 8.98), and (b) lower for those having caregiving responsibilities, OR = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.78), or greater social isolation, OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS Although most participants had access to medication, just over half had access to a healthcare provider when needed. Notably, health-seeking behaviors for individuals who do not have an established primary care providers as well as those who provide unpaid care, are socially isolated, and younger may require more proactive approaches to care monitoring, management, and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie Peckham
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Keenan A. Pituch
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Molly Maxfield
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - M. Aaron Guest
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Shalini Sivanandam
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 500 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Bradley N. Doebbeling
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 500 North 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
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90
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Friedman EM, Ghosh-Dastidar M, Ruder T, Siconolfi D, Shih RA. Trends In Home Care Versus Nursing Home Workforce Sizes: Are States Converging Or Diverging Over Time? Health Aff (Millwood) 2021; 40:1875-1882. [PMID: 34871084 PMCID: PMC10880546 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There is strong preference among people with disabling conditions to receive care at home rather than in an institutional setting. Differences in state policies may make this more feasible in some states than others. Yet no study to date has examined trends in the long-term care workforce across states. Using state-level data on direct care workers from the period 2009-20, we examine trends in the sizes of the nursing home and home care workforces. We show that since 2009 most states have increased the size of their home care workforces and decreased the size of their nursing home workforces, but there is substantial variation across states in the magnitude of these changes. In addition, the gap between leading and lagging states in home care workforce size has grown over time. This suggests that more targeted efforts may be needed to ensure that people with disabling conditions can have their needs met in their desired setting across the nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M Friedman
- Esther M. Friedman is a research associate professor at the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor, Michigan. She was a senior behavioral and social scientist, Economics, Sociology, and Statistics (ESS), RAND Corporation, in Santa Monica, California, when this work was performed
| | | | - Teague Ruder
- Teague Ruder is a programmer, Research Programming Group, RAND Corporation
| | - Daniel Siconolfi
- Daniel Siconolfi is a behavioral and social scientist, Behavioral and Policy Sciences (BPS), RAND Corporation
| | - Regina A Shih
- Regina A. Shih is a senior behavioral and social scientist, BPS, RAND Corporation
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91
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Lee JM, Woon R, Ramsum M, Halperin DS, Jain R. Improved User Engagement and Assessment of Treatment Effectiveness in Patients Utilizing a Novel Digital Mobile Health Application During Spinal Cord Stimulation Screening Trials (Preprint). JMIR Hum Factors 2021; 9:e35134. [PMID: 35167484 PMCID: PMC8987952 DOI: 10.2196/35134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patient outcomes and experience during a Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) screening trial can have a significant effect on whether to proceed with long-term, permanent implantation of an SCS device for the treatment of chronic pain. Enhancing the ability to track and assess patients during this initial trial evaluation offers the potential for improved understanding regarding the suitability of permanent device implantation as well as identification of the SCS-based neurostimulative modalities and parameters that may provide substantial analgesia in a patient-specific manner. Objective In this report, we aimed to describe a preliminary, real-world assessment of a new, real time tracking, smart, device-based digital app used by patients with chronic pain undergoing trial screening for SCS therapy. Methods This is a real-world, retrospective evaluation of 13,331 patients diagnosed with chronic pain who used the new “mySCS” mobile app during an SCS screening trial. The app design is health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA)-compliant and compatible with most commercially available smartphones (eg, Apple, iPhone, and Android). The app enables tracking of user-inputted health-related responses (ie, pain relief, activity level, and sleep quality) in addition to personal trial goals and a summary of overall experience during the SCS trial. A deidentified, aggregate analysis of user engagement, user-submitted responses, and overall trial success was conducted. Results When provided the opportunity, the percentage of users who engaged with the tracking app for ≥50% of the time during their trial was found to be 64.43% (n=8589). Among the 13,331 patients who used the app, 58.24% (n=7764) entered a trial goal. Most patients underwent SCS screening with a trial duration of at least 7 days (n=7739, 58.05%). Of those patients who undertook a 7-day SCS trial, 62.30% (n=3456) engaged the app for 4 days or more. In addition, among all who submitted descriptive responses using the app, health-related improvements were reported by 77.84% (n=10,377) of patients who reached day 3 of the screening phase assessment and by 83.04% (n=11,070) of those who reached trial completion. A trial success rate of 91% was determined for those who used the app (versus 85% success rate for nonusers). Conclusions Data from this initial, real-world examination of a mobile, digital-health–based tracking app (“mySCS”), as used during the SCS screening phase, demonstrate that substantial patient engagement can be achieved while also providing for the acquisition of more real time patient-outcome measures that may help facilitate improved SCS trial success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rex Woon
- Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | - Mandy Ramsum
- Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
| | | | - Roshini Jain
- Boston Scientific Neuromodulation, Valencia, CA, United States
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92
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Tabrizi M, Lee WC. Geriatric oral health competency among dental providers. AIMS Public Health 2021; 8:682-690. [PMID: 34786428 PMCID: PMC8568591 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2021054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Geriatrics as an educational topic has been a high priority in current health care. The innovative Age-Friendly health system with the 4Ms structure (what Matters most, Medication, Mentation, Mobility) needs to be integrated into oral health and dental services training. The purpose of this study is to respond to one question: are the graduating general dentists trained and prepared to treat medically vulnerable elderly in communities? Methods All pre-doctorate dental students from first year to fourth year were invited to voluntarily respond to an online survey provided on Qualtrics. The survey provided examples of two broken molar teeth that need extraction. First, students were asked how comfortable they felt extracting the two molars based on the x-rays. Then, the question was repeated to evaluate if they felt comfortable with extracting the teeth in a patient with one chronic condition and related medication(s). Finally, the students were again questioned whether they feel comfortable to provide the same service to medically vulnerable patients with multiple health conditions and polypharmacy. Results The majority of students who participated in this study said they were comfortable with extracting the teeth of patients without any chronic condition. However, many more chose to refer medically vulnerable patients with multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy to a specialist. Conclusions Dental education in many U.S. dental schools may provide adequate education and create competent general dentists. Yet, the competency and confidence required for dentists to be able to treat older adults with multiple health conditions and using prescribed or over-the-counter medication is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tabrizi
- Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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93
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Walker J, Leveille S, Kriegel G, Lin CT, Liu SK, Payne TH, Harcourt K, Dong Z, Fitzgerald P, Germak M, Markson L, Jackson SL, Shucard H, Elmore JG, Delbanco T. Patients Contributing to Visit Notes: Mixed Methods Evaluation of OurNotes. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e29951. [PMID: 34747710 PMCID: PMC8663611 DOI: 10.2196/29951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secure patient portals are widely available, and patients use them to view their electronic health records, including their clinical notes. We conducted experiments asking them to cogenerate notes with their clinicians, an intervention called OurNotes. Objective This study aims to assess patient and provider experiences and attitudes after 12 months of a pilot intervention. Methods Before scheduled primary care visits, patients were asked to submit a word-constrained, unstructured interval history and an agenda for what they would like to discuss at the visit. Using site-specific methods, their providers were invited to incorporate the submissions into notes documenting the visits. Sites served urban, suburban, and rural patients in primary care practices in 4 academic health centers in Boston (Massachusetts), Lebanon (New Hampshire), Denver (Colorado), and Seattle (Washington). Each practice offered electronic access to visit notes (open notes) to its patients for several years. A mixed methods evaluation used tracking data and electronic survey responses from patients and clinicians. Participants were 174 providers and 1962 patients who submitted at least 1 previsit form. We asked providers about the usefulness of the submissions, effects on workflow, and ideas for the future. We asked patients about difficulties and benefits of providing the requested information and ideas for future improvements. Results Forms were submitted before 9.15% (5365/58,652) eligible visits, and 43.7% (76/174) providers and 26.76% (525/1962) patients responded to the postintervention evaluation surveys; 74 providers and 321 patients remembered receiving and completing the forms and answered the survey questions. Most clinicians thought interim patient histories (69/74, 93%) and patient agendas (72/74, 97%) as good ideas, 70% (52/74) usually or always incorporated them into visit notes, 54% (40/74) reported no change in visit length, and 35% (26/74) thought they saved time. Their most common suggestions related to improving notifications when patient forms were received, making it easier to find the form and insert it into the note, and educating patients about how best to prepare their submissions. Patient respondents were generally well educated, most found the history (259/321, 80.7%) and agenda (286/321, 89.1%) questions not difficult to answer; more than 92.2% (296/321) thought sending answers before the visit a good idea; 68.8% (221/321) thought the questions helped them prepare for the visit. Common suggestions by patients included learning to write better answers and wanting to know that their submissions were read by their clinicians. At the end of the pilot, all participating providers chose to continue the OurNotes previsit form, and sites considered expanding the intervention to more clinicians and adapting it for telemedicine visits. Conclusions OurNotes interests patients, and providers experience it as a positive intervention. Participation by patients, care partners, clinicians, and electronic health record experts will facilitate further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Walker
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Suzanne Leveille
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gila Kriegel
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chen-Tan Lin
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, MA, United States
| | - Stephen K Liu
- General Internal Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, MA, United States
| | - Thomas H Payne
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, MA, United States
| | - Kendall Harcourt
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Patricia Fitzgerald
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew Germak
- Primary Care, Beth Israel Lahey Health, Needham, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence Markson
- Clinical Information Systems, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sara L Jackson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, MA, United States
| | - Hannah Shucard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, MA, United States
| | - Joann G Elmore
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, MA, United States
| | - Tom Delbanco
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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94
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Ryan DP, Zeh WA, Rozo JVC, Liu BA. Guidance for hospital and community-based health services for older adults: The senior friendly care framework. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 98:104564. [PMID: 34739973 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To meet the needs of a population of older adults at risk of becoming frail in the context of known limitations to current practice, frameworks have emerged to guide health service development. Typically these frameworks have developed in the hospital sector despite the need for hospital/community sector co-development and adoption. In the present study one such framework - the Senior Friendly Hospital (SFH1) Framework - is examined with an intersectoral lens. The study included a scoping review of literature addressing system-based approaches to improving healthcare of older people as well as a modified Delphi process to incorporate these findings into an expanded framework. Qualitative analysis of the data extracted from the scoping review resulted in the identification of "senior friendly" excerpts that were charted using an apriori matrix provided by the SFH Framework. Researchers conducted thematic analysis of the excerpts to avoid redundancy and wrote statements to optimize thematic clarity. In a modified Delphi process, the statements were subsequently rated for perceived importance, clarity and fit by an intersectoral panel of experts resulting in a refined Senior Friendly Care (sfCare2) Framework comprising 31 statements and 7 guiding principles to consider when implementing improvements in the care of older adults. Finally, a panel of stakeholders were consulted for feedback on the clarity of the framework's intent and its anticipated impact on care. The sfCare Framework is now available to guide hospital and community-based health service development for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Ryan
- Regional Geriatric Program of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy A Zeh
- Regional Geriatric Program of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | | | - Barbara A Liu
- Regional Geriatric Program of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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95
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Gerstenlauer CJ, Keilman LJ, Dunn D. Evolution of the adult/gerontological APRN and GAPNA: The fourth decade, 2011-2021. Geriatr Nurs 2021; 42:1597-1602. [PMID: 34625298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 40th anniversary gemstone is traditionally a ruby - the stone of kings and queens. The Latin derivative is "ruber" which means red (the deep color of the stone). Rubies are thought to have an eternal inner flame or fire that in many global cultures symbolizes nobility, purity, and passion. The ruby is believed to promote health and knowledge as well as love and compassion. It has also been connected to improved energy, creativity, motivation, and goal setting. Does this sound like the GAPNA mission, vision, goals, and experience you know? A gathering of inspired and dedicated gerontological nurses founded this organization in 1981 and it has been growing stronger and burning brighter with recognized influence every year. This article highlights the last decade of work and accomplishments that have occurred from the passion of individuals working with older adults. GAPNA has forged ahead as visionary leaders in the care of older adults; creative in approaches to meeting the needs through certification and leadership opportunities. Health policy is a dedicated advocacy focus for advanced practice nursing and older adults, making the world a better place for aging and quality health care access and equity. This article will remind you or acquaint you with some of the accomplishments in the last decade. The authors hope the outcome of reading the article will delight you, but also motivate you to become actively engaged with the organization in the next years as GAPNA heads toward becoming golden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda J Keilman
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Deborah Dunn
- Madonna University Graduate School, Livonia, MI, USA
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96
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Ranieri G, Gilmartin MJ, Pettis JL. The role of geriatric nurse champions to advance surgical excellence for older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2021; 42:1204-1209. [PMID: 34500410 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Ranieri
- Geriatric Surgery Verification Program Manager, American College of Surgeons, 633 N. Saint Clair Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mattia J Gilmartin
- NICHE, NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 380 2nd Avenue, Suite 306, NY, NY 10010, USA
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97
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Auerbach DI, Levy DE, Maramaldi P, Dittus RS, Spetz J, Buerhaus PI, Donelan K. Optimal Staffing Models To Care For Frail Older Adults In Primary Care And Geriatrics Practices In The US. Health Aff (Millwood) 2021; 40:1368-1376. [PMID: 34495726 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Different staffing configurations in primary and geriatric care practices could have implications for how best to deliver services that are essential for a growing population of older adults. Using data from a 2018 survey of physicians (MDs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) working in primary and geriatric care, we assessed whether different configurations were associated with better or worse performance on a number of standard process measures indicative of comprehensive, high-quality primary care. Practices with a large concentration of MDs had the highest estimated labor costs. Practices high in NPs and physician assistants (PAs) were most common in states that grant full scope of practice to NPs. The high-NP/PA configuration was associated with a 17-percentage-point greater probability of facilitating patient visits and a 26-percentage-point greater probability of providing the full bundle of primary care services compared with the high-MD model. Team-based configurations had a 27.7-percentage-point greater probability of providing the full bundle of primary care services. The complex needs of older adults may be best served by team-based practices with a broad provider mix that can provide a range of services in the office and the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Auerbach
- David I. Auerbach is an external adjunct faculty member at the Center for Interdisciplinary Health Workforce Studies, College of Nursing, Montana State University, in Bozeman, Montana, and is senior director for research and cost trends at the Massachusetts Health Policy Commission, in Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas E Levy
- Douglas E. Levy is an associate professor in the Health Policy Research Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, in Boston
| | - Peter Maramaldi
- Peter Maramaldi is a professor in the School of Social Work, Simmons University, in Boston
| | - Robert S Dittus
- Robert S. Dittus is the Albert and Bernard Werthan Professor of Medicine at Vanderbilt University; chief innovation officer and senior vice president for the Vanderbilt Health Affiliated Network; and director of the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center at the Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, in Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joanne Spetz
- Joanne Spetz is director and Brenda and Jeffrey L. Kang Presidential Chair in Healthcare Finance at the Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies at the University of California San Francisco, in San Francisco, California
| | - Peter I Buerhaus
- Peter I. Buerhaus is a professor of nursing and director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Health Workforce Studies, both in the College of Nursing, Montana State University
| | - Karen Donelan
- Karen Donelan is the Stuart H. Altman Chair in U.S. Health Policy at the Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, in Waltham, Massachusetts. At the time this work was performed, she was a senior scientist at the Health Policy Research Center at the Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, and an associate professor in the Department of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, in Boston
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98
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Berman A. Should We Keep Spackling the Cracks Across the Health Care Continuum or Build a New Path Forward With Safer Transitions of Care? Med Care 2021; 59:S327-S329. [PMID: 34228013 PMCID: PMC8263136 DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon K Inouye
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
- JAMA Network Open , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ishani Ganguli
- JAMA Network Open , Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth A Jacobs
- JAMA Network Open , Chicago, Illinois
- MaineHealth and Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough
- Departments of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Texas, Austin
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100
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Amjad H, Borson S. Invigorating primary care for older adults living with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:1186-1189. [PMID: 33890295 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halima Amjad
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Soo Borson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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