51
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MiR-299-3p functions as a tumor suppressor via targeting Sirtuin 5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:966-975. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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52
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De U, Son JY, Sachan R, Park YJ, Kang D, Yoon K, Lee BM, Kim IS, Moon HR, Kim HS. A New Synthetic Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, MHY2256, Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy Cell Death in Endometrial Cancer Cells via p53 Acetylation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092743. [PMID: 30217020 PMCID: PMC6164480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously discovered a novel sirtuin (SIRT) inhibitor, MHY2256, that exerts anticancer activity through p53 acetylation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. We investigated the anticancer activity of MHY2256 against hormone-related cancer, an endometrial cancer with a poor prognosis. The IC50 values of MHY2256 were shown to be much lower than those of salermide, a well-known SIRT inhibitor. Furthermore, MHY2256 significantly reduced the protein expression and activities of SIRT1, 2, and 3, with similar effects to salermide. Particularly, MHY2256 markedly inhibited tumor growth in a tumor xenograft mouse model of Ishikawa cancer cells. During the experimental period, there was no significant change in the body weight of mice treated with MHY2256. A detailed analysis of the sensitization mechanisms of Ishikawa cells revealed that late apoptosis was largely increased by MHY2256. Additionally, MHY2256 increased G1 arrest and reduced the number of cell cyclic-related proteins, suggesting that apoptosis by MHY2256 was achieved by cellular arrest. Particularly, p21 was greatly increased by MHY225656, suggesting that cell cycle arrest by p21 is a major factor in MHY2256 sensitization in Ishikawa cells. We also detected a significant increase in acetylated p53, a target protein of SIRT1, in Ishikawa cells after MHY2256 treatment. In a mouse xenograft model, MHY2256 significantly reduced tumor growth and weight without apparent side effects. These results suggest that MHY2256 exerts its anticancer activity through p53 acetylation in endometrial cancer and can be used for targeting hormone-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umasankar De
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Son
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Richa Sachan
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Yu Jin Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Dongwan Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Kyungsil Yoon
- Comparative Biomedicine Research Branch, Division of Translational Science, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10408, Korea.
| | - Byung Mu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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53
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Huang G, Zhu G. Sirtuin-4 (SIRT4), a therapeutic target with oncogenic and tumor-suppressive activity in cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3395-3400. [PMID: 29928130 PMCID: PMC6001835 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s157724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several members of the sirtuin (SIRT) family, a highly conserved family of NAD+-dependent enzymes, have been shown to play a critical role in both promoting and/or suppressing tumorigenesis. In this study, recent progress in the field concerning SIRT4 and cancer was reviewed, and the relationship between SIRT4 and tumors was investigated. Subsequently, we evaluated the role of SIRT4 with oncogenic or tumor-suppressive activity in cancer, which may provide insight in identifying the underlying mechanism of action of SIRT4 in cancer. Finally, we explored the potential of SIRT4 as a therapeutic target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanbao Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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54
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Kumar S, Lombard DB. Functions of the sirtuin deacylase SIRT5 in normal physiology and pathobiology. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 53:311-334. [PMID: 29637793 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2018.1458071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases/ADP-ribosyltransferases that have emerged as candidate targets for new therapeutics to treat metabolic disorders and other diseases, including cancer. The sirtuin SIRT5 resides primarily in the mitochondrial matrix and catalyzes the removal of negatively charged lysine acyl modifications; succinyl, malonyl, and glutaryl groups. Evidence has now accumulated to document the roles of SIRT5 as a significant regulator of cellular homeostasis, in a context- and cell-type specific manner, as has been observed previously for other sirtuin family members. SIRT5 regulates protein substrates involved in glycolysis, the TCA cycle, fatty acid oxidation, electron transport chain, ketone body formation, nitrogenous waste management, and ROS detoxification, among other processes. SIRT5 plays pivotal roles in cardiac physiology and stress responses and is involved in the regulation of numerous aspects of myocardial energy metabolism. SIRT5 is implicated in neoplasia, as both a tumor promoter and suppressor in a context-specific manner, and may serve a protective function in the setting of neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review the current understanding of functional impacts of SIRT5 on its metabolic targets, and its molecular functions in both normal and pathological conditions. Finally, we will discuss the potential utility of SIRT5 as a drug target and also summarize the current status, progress, and challenges in developing small molecule compounds to modulate SIRT5 activity with high potency and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder Kumar
- a Department of Pathology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - David B Lombard
- a Department of Pathology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Institute of Gerontology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
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55
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Developing evidence in the literature suggests that sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) may be involved in metabolic reprogramming, an emerging hallmark of cancer by which neoplastic cells reconfigure their metabolism to support the anabolic demands of rapid cell division. SIRT5 is one of the seven members of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent sirtuin family of lysine deacetylases. It removes succinyl, malonyl, and glutaryl groups from protein targets within the mitochondrial matrix and other subcellular compartments. SIRT5 substrates include a number of proteins integral to metabolism. Recent Advances: New work has begun to elucidate the roles of SIRT5 in glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, nitrogen metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, antioxidant defense, and apoptosis. CRITICAL ISSUES In this study, we summarize biological functions of SIRT5 reported in normal tissues and in cancer and discuss potential mechanisms whereby SIRT5 may impact tumorigenesis, particularly focusing on its reported roles in metabolic reprogramming. Finally, we review current efforts to target SIRT5 pharmacologically. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The biological significance of SIRT5 has been elucidated in the context of only an extremely small fraction of its targets and interactors. There is no doubt that further studies in this area will provide a wealth of insights into functions of SIRT5 and its targets in normal and neoplastic cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 677-690.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela H. Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David B. Lombard
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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56
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Tatone C, Di Emidio G, Barbonetti A, Carta G, Luciano AM, Falone S, Amicarelli F. Sirtuins in gamete biology and reproductive physiology: emerging roles and therapeutic potential in female and male infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:267-289. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Gaspare Carta
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto M Luciano
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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57
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Zhang S, Huang S, Deng C, Cao Y, Yang J, Chen G, Zhang B, Duan C, Shi J, Kong B, Friess H, Zhao N, Huang C, Huang X, Wang L, Zou X. Co-ordinated overexpression of SIRT1 and STAT3 is associated with poor survival outcome in gastric cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18848-18860. [PMID: 28061480 PMCID: PMC5386652 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In many gastric cancer patients, the disease is diagnosed in an advanced stage and therefore the mortality levels are high. Because there is a need to identify novel early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, we tested whether SIRT1 and STAT3 are good candidates. Towards this, we used patient tissues representing different stages of gastric cancer including gastric pre-cancerous lesions, early gastric cancer, and advanced gastric cancer, and probed SIRT1, STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) levels using immunohistochemistry. Our results revealed upregulated expression of SIRT1 in all stages of gastric cancer compared with noncancerous gastric mucosa, suggesting that high SIRT1 levels are likely involved in establishing gastric neoplasticity. However, STAT3 and pSTAT3 levels remained low until the gastric mucosa reached the tumor stage. Moreover, co-ordinated high expression of SIRT1 and STAT3 predicted poor overall survival for advanced gastric cancer patients. In addition, through analysis of gastric cancer patients from the TCGA dataset, we identified SIRT2 as an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. We postulate that SIRT1 and STAT3 are potential early diagnostic and prognostic markers of gastric cancer. Our study also shows that SIRT1 acts a gatekeeper during gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoqin Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Nanyi Zhao
- Department of Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Clinical Medical Center of Digestive Disease, Nanjing, China
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58
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Chen X, Lai X, Wu C, Tian Q, Lei T, Pan J, Huang G. Decreased SIRT4 protein levels in endometrioid adenocarcinoma tissues are associated with advanced AJCC stage. Cancer Biomark 2017; 19:419-424. [PMID: 28582846 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangwen Lai
- Department of Medical Records and Statistics, The Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingxin Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoyu Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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59
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Bartosch C, Lopes JM, Jerónimo C. Epigenetics in endometrial carcinogenesis - part 2: histone modifications, chromatin remodeling and noncoding RNAs. Epigenomics 2017; 9:873-892. [PMID: 28523964 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multistep multifactorial process that involves the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. In the past two decades, there has been an exponential growth of knowledge establishing the importance of epigenetic changes in cancer. Our work focused on reviewing the main role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma, highlighting the reported results concerning each epigenetic mechanistic layer. In a previous review, we assessed DNA methylation alterations. The present review examines the contribution of histone modifications, chromatin remodeling and noncoding RNA alterations for endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Bartosch
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology & Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Lopes
- Department of Pathology & Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP (Institute of Molecular Pathology & Immunology, University of Porto); I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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60
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Head PE, Zhang H, Bastien AJ, Koyen AE, Withers AE, Daddacha WB, Cheng X, Yu DS. Sirtuin 2 mutations in human cancers impair its function in genome maintenance. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9919-9931. [PMID: 28461331 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.772566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
mutations in genome maintenance and tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Zhang
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology and
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - David S Yu
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology and
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61
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Qu N, Hu JQ, Liu L, Zhang TT, Sun GH, Shi RL, Ji QH. SIRT6 is upregulated and associated with cancer aggressiveness in papillary thyroid cancer via BRAF/ERK/Mcl-1 pathway. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1683-1692. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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62
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Mei Z, Zhang X, Yi J, Huang J, He J, Tao Y. Sirtuins in metabolism, DNA repair and cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:182. [PMID: 27916001 PMCID: PMC5137222 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian sirtuin family has attracted tremendous attention over the past few years as stress adaptors and post-translational modifier. They have involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, energy metabolism, and tumorigenesis. Notably, genomic instability and metabolic reprogramming are two of characteristic hallmarks in cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the functions of sirtuins mainly regarding DNA repair and energy metabolism, and further discuss the implication of sirtuins in cancer specifically by regulating genome integrity and cancer-related metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Mei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jiarong Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
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63
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Osborne B, Bentley NL, Montgomery MK, Turner N. The role of mitochondrial sirtuins in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:164-174. [PMID: 27164052 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in energy production, cell signalling and cell survival. Defects in mitochondrial function contribute to the ageing process and ageing-related disorders such as metabolic disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The sirtuin family of deacylase enzymes have a variety of subcellular localisations and have been found to remove a growing list of post-translational acyl modifications from target proteins. SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are found primarily located in the mitochondria, and are involved in many of the key processes of this organelle. SIRT3 has been the subject of intense research and is primarily a deacetylase thought to function as a mitochondrial fidelity protein, with roles in mitochondrial substrate metabolism, protection against oxidative stress, and cell survival pathways. Less is known about the functional targets of SIRT4, which has deacetylase, ADP-ribosylase, and a newly-described lipoamidase function, although key roles in lipid and glutamine metabolism have been reported. SIRT5 modulates a host of newly-discovered acyl modifications including succinylation, malonylation, and glutarylation in both mitochondrial and extra-mitochondrial compartments, however the functional significance of SIRT5 in the regulation of many of its proposed target proteins remains to be discovered. Because of their influence on a broad range of pathways, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are implicated in a range of disease-states including metabolic disease such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and ageing-related disorders such as hearing-loss and cardiac dysfunction. We review the current knowledge on the function of the three mitochondrial sirtuins, their role in disease, and the current outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Osborne
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Bentley
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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